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January 23, 2011
Labels: Indian History at 11:44 AM Posted by Saidul Naik
Swadesi movement - APPSC G1 mains - paper 2, sect-1, UNit
- 3
3,886 people recommend this. Be the f irst of your f riends. Recommend Share
Beginning
The swadeshi movement had its genesis in the anti-partition movement started to oppose
the British decision to divide Bengal. With the start of the swadeshi movement at the turn of
the century, the Indian national movement took a major leap forward. The richness of the
movement was not confined to politics alone. Women, students and a large section of the
urban and rural population of Bengal and other parts of India became actively involved in
the national movement.
Banaras Session of Congress
The Indian National Congress took up the swadeshi call in its Banaras session, 1905,
presided over by G. K. Gokhalc. Militant nationalism spearheaded by Bal Gangadhar Tilak,
Bipin Chandra Pal, Lala Lajpat Rai, and Aurobindo Ghosh was, however, in favour of
extending the movement of the rest of India and carrying it beyond the programme of just
swadeshi and boycott of goods to full-fledged political mass struggle. On 7 August 1905, a
resolution to boycott British goods was adopted at a meeting of the Indian National
Congress held in Calcutta. It began as a purely economic measure for the development of
Indian industry. Bonfires of foreign goods were conducted on a large scale in all major
cities. It had many positive consequences: (a) it encouraged Indian industries especially the
small- and medium-scale, (b) many swadeshi banks and insurance companies were
launched, and (c) development of journalism and national poetry which inculcated the
feeling of nationalism in the Indian masses.

Spread of Swadeshi Movement
The message of swadeshi and boycott soon spread to the rest of the country: Lokmanya
Tilak took the movement to different parts of India, especially Poona and Bombay, Ajit Singh
and Lala Lajpat Rai spread the swadeshi message in Punjab and other parts of northern
India; Syed Haidar Raza set up the agenda in Delhi. Rawalpindi, Kangra, Jammu, Multan,
and Hardwar witnessed active participation in the swadeshi movement; Chidambram Pillai
took the movement to Madras presidency, which was also galvanized by Bipin Chandra Pal's
extensive lecture tour.

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