Scribd Logo
Carica

Benvenuto in Scribd!

  • Legal Reasoning as Practical Reasoning by Richard Posner

    Caricato da

    polgasy
    29 visualizzazioni2 pagine
    Legal Reasoning as Practical Reasoning by Richard Posner discusses different methods of legal reasoning. It defines practical reason as a methodology for deciding what to do by setting a goal and choosing the best means to reach that goal. In law, two key methods of practical reasoning are reasoning by authority, where legal decisions are considered authoritative because they come from a politically accredited judicial hierarchy, and reasoning by analogy, where similar past cases are used inductively to infer how new similar cases should be decided. Legal education emphasizes immersing students in judicial opinions to familiarize them with plastic nature of law.

    Descrizione originale:

    dgdfgdfgsdf

    Titolo originale

    Law116-A4-PosnerSummary

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Formati disponibili

    PDF, TXT o leggi online da Scribd

    Hai trovato utile questo documento?

    Questo contenuto è inappropriato?

    Segnala questo documento
    Legal Reasoning as Practical Reasoning by Richard Posner discusses different methods of legal reasoning. It defines practical reason as a methodology for deciding what to do by setting a goal and choosing the best means to reach that goal. In law, two key methods of practical reasoning are reasoning by authority, where legal decisions are considered authoritative because they come from a politically accredited judicial hierarchy, and reasoning by analogy, where similar past cases are used inductively to infer how new similar cases should be decided. Legal education emphasizes immersing students in judicial opinions to familiarize them with plastic nature of law.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Scarica in formato PDF, TXT o leggi online su Scribd
    Segnala contenuti inappropriati
    29 visualizzazioni2 pagine

    Legal Reasoning as Practical Reasoning by Richard Posner

    Caricato da

    polgasy
    Legal Reasoning as Practical Reasoning by Richard Posner discusses different methods of legal reasoning. It defines practical reason as a methodology for deciding what to do by setting a goal and choosing the best means to reach that goal. In law, two key methods of practical reasoning are reasoning by authority, where legal decisions are considered authoritative because they come from a politically accredited judicial hierarchy, and reasoning by analogy, where similar past cases are used inductively to infer how new similar cases should be decided. Legal education emphasizes immersing students in judicial opinions to familiarize them with plastic nature of law.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Scarica in formato PDF, TXT o leggi online su Scribd
    Segnala contenuti inappropriati
    di 2

    LegalReasoningasPracticalReasoningRichardPosner

    I.WhatisPracticalReason?
    Thetermpracticalreasonlacksastandardmeaning.However,itismostoftenusedtodenotethe
    methodsthatpeopleusetomakeapracticalorethicalchoice...Itisourprincipalsetoftoolsfor
    answeringquestions,largeandsmall.
    Practicalreasonisactionorientedandinvolvessettingagoalandchoosingthebestmeanstoreach
    thatgoalinotherwords,itisamethodologyfordecidingwhattodo
    Neotraditionalistsdefinepracticalreasonasamethodologyforreachingconclusionswhichrelyheavily
    onthetraditionsofaparticularfieldofinquiryandissuspiciousofwhatweusuallythinkofasreason.
    Lawusesmanymethodsofpracticalreasonbutthetwotackledinthechapterarerelianceon
    authorityandreasoningbyanalogy

    II.ReasoningbyAuthority
    Thetermauthorityinlawdiffersfromhowitisusedinscience.Authorityinscienceisbasically
    epistemicinnatureitdealswithknowledgeandthepeoplewhodeterminewhatcanbeclassifiedas
    knowledge.Forinstance,webelievethattheearthrevolvesaroundthesunbecauseagroupofscientists
    andlaypeoplewhoareexpertsintheirfieldclaimittobeso.Theauthority,inthissense,stemsfroma
    consensusofpeopleandcannotbesaidtobemerelyamanifestationofblindobedience.Authorityis
    thescienceshassurvivalvalue.
    Authorityinlaw,ontheotherhand,comesfromwhoeverisatthetopofthejudicialhierarchya
    consensusamonglawyers(orevenjudgesinsomecases)doesnotgiveauthoritativeforcetolegal
    decisions.Inasystemlikethis,itisassumedthatdecisionsmadeatthetopofthehierarchyaremore
    likelytobecorrectthatthosewhichcomefromthelower.However,thispresumptionisweak
    decisionsmadebyjudgeshavelessintrinsicpersuasivenessthanunanimousscientificjudgmentsbecause
    themethodsjudgesusearefeeblerthanthemethodwhichscientistsuse.Theimagewhichthecourts
    projectofthembeingtotallyimpartial,neutral,andcold,isanillusion.Judicialdecisionsareauthoritative
    becausetheyemanatefromapoliticallyaccreditedsource.
    Thelawtriestoaccommodatedoctrinetoalteredconditionswithaslittlechangeaspossible(stare
    decisis/caselaw/commonlaw)thisisthepolicyofgenerallyabidingbytheprecedent
    Theultimaratiooflawisforcelawreliesonforceaswellaspersuasion.
    III.ReasoningbyAnalogy
    Reasoningbyanalogydenotesanunstableclassofdisparatereasoningmethods.Theauthorclaims
    thatitisinductiveinnatureandnotsyllogistic.
    Anotherwaylawyersviewreasoningbyanalogyisthatanalogiesareviewedsimplyasinstances
    similartotheproblemathandwhereinaninductiveinferencemaybebasedforhowtodecideonwhat
    todo.Forinstance,previouslydecidedcasescansupplylawyersandjudgeswithawealthoffacts,
    reasons,andtechniquespertinentonhowanewsimilarcaseshouldbedecided.
    Reasoningbyanalogyisamethodofundermininglegalcertituderatherthanofestablishingit.
    Establishedprinciplesinoldcasesaresubjectedtocontinualretestinginnewcases.

    IV.ANoteonLegalEducation
    TheSocraticmethodfamiliarizesthestudentoflawwithlegalmaterialswhichexaggeratethe
    uniquenessandpoweroftheanalyticalmethodsthatlawyersandjudgesuse.Itimmersesthestudentin
    judicialopinionsandotherlegalmaterialsthatisthehallmarkofalegaleducationandprovideshimwith
    asimulacrumofthelegalpracticeitself.
    Whatthinkinglikealawyermeansisnottheuseofspecialanalyticpowersbutanawarenessofhow
    plasticthelawisneithertoorigidnortooflimsybutchangingmoreorless.

    Potrebbero piacerti anche