P20

= the students who are currently studying in Japan

* = <plain-style-nonpast-affirmative> of = be studying now

* g3 = study
* [te-form] = 1 be doing now 2 <situation, state> 3 <habitual repeated action> /
<subject particle> /

= the sentences (composition, article) about (X)s favorite shop /

<direct-object particle>

= = wrote and ....

* te-form is often used to join sentences or to mean by (means of) doing , with doing . And
it is sometimes used to show reason as well.

= (X) read (it) in front of classmates.

The students who are currently studying in Japan wrote the articles about their favorites shops,
and read them in front of the classmates.
-----------------------------

(1) = Kens sentences (article, composition)

-----------------------------

= I like sushi. /
-----------------------------

= In Japan, there are many sushi shops, arent

there? /
-----------------------------

= because there is no sushi shop in my country, /

-----------------------------

= I am very happy now. /

-----------------------------1 / 12

= to Japan /
---22

1 = because (X) will go

* = <plain-style-nonpast-affirmative> of g1 = go
* [plain-style / polite-style] = because

2 = after going
* [te-form] = after doing

3 = because (X) will come

* = <plain-style-nonpast-affirmative> of g3 = come
* [plain-style / polite-style] = because

4 = after coming
* [te-form] = after doing
---

= I ate (sushi) at various shops. /

I ate (shushi) at various shops after coming to Japan.
-----------------------------

= the shop which is located front of the school /

<topic particle> /

= = (X) is cheap and ....

* To join the sentence which ends with [i- adjective / na-adjective / noun] to another
sentence, [stem of i-adjective] or [stem of na-adjective / noun] is used . We call them
te-form of an adjective and a noun. To join adjectives, we also use te-form of an adjective. And it
is sometimes used to show reason as well. te-form of an adjective and a noun can be used in
either the nonpast sentence or the past sentence.
* In addition to [stem of i-adjective] , [stem of i-adjective] is also used to be more
formal. /

= (X) is delicious /
The sushi at the shop which is located in front of the school is cheap and delicious.
-----------------------------

= the person who likes sushi /

<topic particle> /

2 / 12

 = together /

3 / 12

--23

1 = Did (X) go?

2 = Dont (X) go? / Why dont we go (together)? Shall we go (together)?

3 = Have (X) been (there)? (Did (X) go there and was he there?)
* [te-form] = 1 be doing now 2 <situation, state> 3 <habitual repeated action>

4 = Havent (X) been (there)? (Didnt (X) go there and wasnt he there?)
* [te-form] = 1 be doing now 2 <situation, state> 3 <habitual repeated action>
---If you are the one who likes sushi, why dont we go (to the shop) together?
-----------------------------

(2) = Mrs Minjis sentence (article, composition)

-----------------------------

= I like the book store which is located near the station. /

-----------------------------

= the book store which is located near the station

--24
1 = <question>
(A) or (B)
2 = <accompaniment> with
(A) and (B)
3 = (A) (B) = 1 (A)s (B)

2 (B) on / about (A)

4 <topic particle>
--

= (X) is a big shop.

The book store which is located near the station is big.
4 / 12

3 (B) from / made in (A)

-----------------------------

= They sell foreign books as well.

* = sell
* [te-form] = 1 be doing now 2 <situation, state> 3 <habitual repeated action>
-----------------------------

= my countrys one also

--25
1 = there is , have , exist, stay

2 = read
3 = there is , have , exist
4 = do
--There are also books from my country.
-----------------------------

=And there many cooking books which are my

favorite.
-----------------------------26
1 = that is way, so, therefore, for this reason
2 = if that is the case, then
3 = after
that 4 = but

Therefore I alway buy books at the book store which is located near the station.
-----------------------------

= Everybody, do you have any favorite book store?

5 / 12

-----------------------------P22
4
(1)

= I went shopping with my friend today.

-----------------------------

3 DVD = the DVD of the movie which I saw three months ago /

= because I wanted

* = wanted = <plain-style-past-affirmative> of (want)

* [plain-style] = because /
Because I wanted (to get) the DVD of the movie which I saw three months ago.
-----------------------------

DVD = the DVD which (X) bought

* = bought = <plain-style-past-affirmative> of g1 (buy) /

<topic particle> /

= I watch (it) with my friend, my elder sister, etc.

Regarding the DVD which I bought, I will watch it with my friend and my elder sister.
-----------------------------27

= What did I do today?

1 = I went to see a movie with my friend.

2 DVD = I went to buy DVD with my friend.

3 = I went to see a movie with my elder sister

4 DVD = I went to buy DVD with my elder sister.

-----------------------------(2)
6 / 12

=
In my room, there are one table, two chairs and one bookshelf.
-----------------------------

= because there are many books,

-----------------------------

= I want a bigger bookshelf.

-----------------------------28

= Which is (this persons) current room?

-----------------------------P24
(3)

=
There is a memo from Yamagichi (teacher) and a book on Mr Moris desk.
-----------------------------

= To Mr Mori
-----------------------------

= I borrowed the book which we use in the class

from Mr Nakagawa (teacher).

* = <plain-style-nonpast-affirmative> of g1 (use)
-----------------------------

5 25 = Please make twenty five copies of page five (of the

book).
* g3 = copy, photocopy
------------------------------

6 / 12

= As for copies, please pass them to Mr Minami.

(Please past copies to Mr Minami.)

* g1 = pass over, hand over

-----------------------------

= As for the book, because I return (it to him = Mr

Nakagawa) tomorrow, (Because I return the book (to him = Nakagawa) tomorrow,)
-----------------------------

= Please put (the book) on my desk.

-----------------------------

= from Yamaguchi
-----------------------------29

= What will Mr Mori do with the book after

making copies of it (photocopying it)?
-----------------------------1

= He (Mr Mori) uses (the book) in the class.

2

= He (Mr Mori) passes (the book) to Mr Minami.

3

= He (Mr Mori) returns (the book) to Mr Nakagawa (teacher).

4

= He (Mr Mori) puts (the book) on Mr Yamaguchi (teacher)s

desk.
-----------------------------P25
-----------------------------7 / 12

P26
5

=
Last night, I worked (did my job) until late.
-----------------------------

=
I was very tired. (I got very tired.)
-----------------------------

=
I went home by train after working (after my work).

* [noun] () = after (some event), after doing

-----------------------------

=
I alighted from the train near my station.
-----------------------------

=
It was raining outside, but
-----------------------------

=
I didnt have an umbrella.
-----------------------------

=
I was in trouble.
-----------------------------

= The station staff saw me and ....

* = = saw (watched, looked) and .....

8 / 12

* te-form is often used to join sentences or to mean by (means of) doing , with doing . And
it is sometimes used to show reason as well.
-----------------------------

=
(He) said, Please use an umbrella inside that box.

* g1 = use
-----------------------------

3 =
In the box, there were three umbrellas.
-----------------------------

=
I asked him, Really? Is it OK, I wonder?
* = <used to express surprise>
* [plain-style (but, da of [na-adjective / noun] da becomes na.)] =
......, I wonder ;
......, I doubt ;
......, I want to draw your attention ;
......, I want to emphasize ;
......, I really want to say so ;
because .......
* can be changed to .
-----------------------------

=
The station staff (said,) That is everybodys umbrella.
-----------------------------

=
1 As for money, we dont need it. (We dont need money)
2 As for money, you dont need it (to borrow). (You dont need money (to borrow).)
-----------------------------

=
(The station staff) said, Please return it (an umbrella) to that box tomorrow.
9 / 12

* The station staff said, That is everybodys umbrella. You dont need money (to borrow it).
Please return it to that box tomorrow.
-----------------------------

=
I said, I understood. (OK.) Thank you very much. and .....

* = = (X) said and ......

* te-form is often used to join sentences or to mean by (means of) doing , with doing . And
it is sometimes used to show reason as well.
-----------------------------

= (I) borrowed an umbrella and went home.

* = = borrowed and ....

* te-form is often used to join sentences or to mean by (means of) doing , with doing . And
it is sometimes used to show reason as well.
I said, OK. Thank you very much., and borrowed an umbrella, and went home.
-----------------------------30

= Why was (he) in trouble?

1

= because (he) arrived at the station at the late hour

* = arrived, reached = <plain-style-past-affirmative> of g1 (arrive, reach)

2

= because (he) had many jobs to do

* = had , there was , existed = <plain-style-past-affirmative> of g1 (have
, there is , exist)
3

= because (he) was tired, because (he) got tired

* = was tired, got tired = <plain-style-past-affirmative> of g2 (be tired, get tired)

4

= because (he) didnt have an umbrella

10 / 12

* = didnt have , there wasnt , didnt exist = <plain-style-past-negative> of

g1 (have , there is , exist)
-----------------------------P27
31

= What is I going to do tomorrow?

1

= I put an umbrella in the box.

2

= I pass an umbrella to the station staff.

3

= I put money in the box.

4

= I pass money to the station staff.

-----------------------------P28
6
We study later.
-----------------------------P29

= cheap
= Akira shop

8:009:00 ( ()) = from 8:00 in the morning to 9:00 at night

= telephone
012-34-5678 = () ()
-----------------------------

= cheap
11 / 12

6 11 () 14 () = 11 June (Mon) to 14 June (Thurs)

= sugar

= 128 yen

128

= toilet paper

= 490 yen

490

-----------------------------

= cheap

6 15 () 18 () = 15 June (Fri) to 18 June (Mon)

= soya sauce

= 198 yen

198

= tissue paper

= 290 yen

290

-----------------------------

= every week, cheap!

= Monday and Tuesday

= fruits, fish, juice

= Wednesday and Thursday

= bean curd, meat, vegetables

= Friday and Saturday

= bread, fresh milk, fish, vegetables

-----------------------------32

= I want to buy toilet

paper and meat on the same day at Akira Shop.

= When are they cheap?

-----------------------------1 {omission}
2 {omission}
3 {omission}
4 {omission}
------------------------------ the end of page 29 -----------------------------12 / 12