IGC Workbook - Week One Delegates Update06

NEBOSH International
General Certificate
Workbook
Week 1
CHSS Ltd 2006 Page 2 of 83
wpc/sj/ae/IGC Workook Week o!e Sa"es #ef$ sc/%&'/(2
Contents
Page No
G"ossar) of *re(+at+o!s %
IGC' ,"e-e!t '$ Hea"t. a!d Safet) /o0!dat+o!s &
IGC' ,"e-e!t 2$ Sett+!g Po"+c) for Hea"t. a!d Safet) '1
IGC' ,"e-e!t 3$ 2rga!+s+!g for Hea"t. a!d Safet) 23
IGC' ,"e-e!t 3$ Pro-ot+!g a Pos+t+(e Hea"t. a!d Safet) C0"t0re 2&
IGC' ,"e-e!t %$ Hea"t. a!d Safet) #+sk *ssess-e!t 3%
IGC' ,"e-e!t 6$ Pr+!c+p"es of Co!tro" +! Hea"t. a!d Safet) %%
IGC' ,"e-e!t 1$ I!(est+gat+o!4 #ecord+!g a!d #eport+!g of Hea"t. a!d Safet)
I!c+de!ts 63
IGC' ,"e-e!t 8$ 5o!+tor+!g4 #e(+ew a!d *0d+t of Hea"t. a!d Safet) Perfor-a!ce 13
G"ossar) of *re(+at+o!s
*CoP *ppro(ed Code of Pract+ce
*L*#P *s "ow as +s reaso!a") pract+ca"e
*P/ *ss+g!ed Protect+o! /actor 678 7o-+!a" Protect+o! /actors4 or 7P/9s are
!o "o!ger 0sed:
*SL *ppro(ed S0pp") L+st
8*; 8est *(a+"a"e ;ec.!+<0es
8*;7,,C 8est *(a+"a"e ;ec.!+<0es 7ot ,!ta+"+!g ,=cess+(e Cost
8,5 80s+!ess ,=ce""e!ce 5ode"
8L,>, 8o+"+!g L+<0+d ,=pa!d+!g >apo0r ,=p"os+o!
8S 8r+t+s. Sta!dard
8S,7 8r+t+s. Sta!dard ,0ro 7or-
8SI 8r+t+s. Sta!dards I!st+t0t+o!
C8I Co!federat+o! of 8r+t+s. I!d0str)
CC?C Co!s0"ta!t +! Co--0!+ca"e ?+sease Co!tro"
C,7 Co-+t@ ,0rop@e! de 7or-a"+sat+o!
C,7,L,C ,0ropea! Co--+ttee for ,"ectrotec.!+ca" Sta!dard+sat+o!
d8 dec+e"
,/A5 ,0ropea! /o0!dat+o! of A0a"+t) 5a!age-e!t
,H HS, G0+da!ce 7ote 6,!(+ro!-e!ta" H)g+e!e Ser+es:
et a" Ba!d ot.ers9
,C ,0ropea! C!+o!
GS HS, G0+da!ce 7ote 6Ge!era" Ser+es:
CHSS Ltd 2006 Page % of 83
H*S*W* Hea"t. a!d Safet) at Work4 etcD *ct '&13
H*>S Ha!d *r- >+rat+o! S)!dro-e
H*E*7 HaFard *!a")s+s
H*E2P HaFard a!d 2pera+"+t) St0d)
HSC Hea"t. a!d Safet) Co--+ss+o!
HS, Hea"t. a!d Safet) ,=ec0t+(e
HSG 38 #ed0c+!g ,rror a!d I!f"0e!c+!g 8e.a(+o0r 6HS, G0+da!ce:
HSG 6% S0ccessf0" Hea"t. a!d Safet) 5a!age-e!t S)ste-s 6HS, G0+da!ce:
HSG &6 ;.e Costs of *cc+de!ts at Work 6HS, G0+da!ce:
IL2 I!ter!at+o!a" Lao0r 2rga!+Fat+o!
I2SH I!st+t0t+o! of 2cc0pat+o!a" Safet) a!d Hea"t. 6CG:
IS#S I!ter!at+o!a" Safet) #at+!g S)ste-
HS* Ho Safet) *!a")s+s
GPI Ge) Perfor-a!ce I!d+cators
L
,P4d
?a+") perso!a" !o+se e=pos0re
L,> Loca" ,=.a0st >e!t+"at+o!
LPG L+<0ef+ed Petro"e0- Gas
LS, Lo!do! Stock ,=c.a!ge
L;,L Lo!g ;er- ,=pos0re L+-+t
5HSW# ;.e 5a!age-e!t of Hea"t. a!d Safet) at Work #eg0"at+o!s '&&& 6t.e
5a!age-e!t #eg0"at+o!s:
5S? 50sc0"oIske"eta" ?+sorder
7?; 7o!Idestr0ct+(e ;est+!g
7,82SH 7at+o!a" ,=a-+!at+o! 8oard +! 2cc0pat+o!a" Safet) a!d Hea"t.
7#P8 7at+o!a" #ad+o"og+ca" Protect+o! 8oard 6CG:
2,L 2cc0pat+o!a" ,=pos0re L+-+t
2HS*S 2cc0pat+o!a" Hea"t. a!d Safet) *ssess-e!t Ser+es
2SH* 2cc0pat+o!a" Safet) J Hea"t. *d-+!+strat+o! 6CS:
P?C* P"a!I?oIC.eckI*ct 65a!age-e!t Co!tro" Loop:
P2C5# P"a!I2rga!+seICo!tro"I5o!+torI#e(+ew
P2PI5*# Po"+c)I2rga!+seIP"a! / I-p"e-e!tI5o!+torI*0d+tI#e(+ew
PP, Perso!a" Protect+(e ,<0+p-e!t
P;S Per-a!e!t ;.res.o"d S.+ft
A* A0a"+t) *ss0ra!ce
#CS #+sk Co!tro" S)ste-s
#P* #ad+at+o! Protect+o! *d(+ser
S/#P So /ar as +s #easo!a") Pract+ca"e
S5, S-a"" a!d 5ed+0- S+Fed ,!terpr+ses
S5S Safet) 5a!age-e!t S)ste-
S;,L S.ort ;er- ,=pos0re L+-+t
;L> ;.res.o"d L+-+t >a"0e
;A5 ;ota" A0a"+t) 5a!age-e!t
;;S ;e-porar) ;.res.o"d S.+ft
;C ;rade C!+o!
CG C!+ted G+!gdo-
C7 C!+ted 7at+o!s
W,L Workp"ace ,=pos0re L+-+t
WH2 Wor"d Hea"t. 2rga!+sat+o!
W#CL? Work #e"ated Cpper L+- ?+sorder
W;2 Wor"d ;rade 2rga!+sat+o!
,"e-e!t '
Hea"t. a!d Safet)
/o0!dat+o!s
CHSS Ltd 2006 Page & of 83
*+-s
2! co-p"et+o! of t.+s ,"e-e!t4 ca!d+dates w+"" 0!dersta!d$
t.e scope a!d !at0re of occ0pat+o!a" .ea"t. a!d safet)K
t.e -ora"4 "ega" a!d eco!o-+c reaso!s for pro-ot+!g good sta!dards of .ea"t.
a!d safet) w+t.+! a! orga!+sat+o!K
t.e ro"e of !at+o!a" go(er!-e!ts a!d +!ter!at+o!a" od+es +! for-0"at+!g a
fra-ework for t.e reg0"at+o! of .ea"t. a!d safet)K
t.e as+s of a s)ste- for -a!ag+!g .ea"t. a!d safet)K a!d
t.e costs of fa+"+!g to -a!age .ea"t. a!d safet)D
2ject+(es
;.e +!te!ded "ear!+!g o0tco-es of t.+s ,"e-e!t are t.at ca!d+dates w+"" e a"e to$
e=p"a+! r+ef") t.e -ora" / soc+a"4 "ega" a!d eco!o-+c ases for -a+!ta+!+!g
good sta!dards of .ea"t. a!d safet)K
o0t"+!e t.e ro"es a!d respo!s++"+t+es of e-p"o)ers a!d workersK
+de!t+f) so0rces of +!for-at+o! o! .ea"t. a!d safet)K a!d
o0t"+!e t.e ke) e"e-e!ts of a .ea"t. a!d safet) -a!age-e!t s)ste-D
Co!te!t
;.e -0"t+Id+sc+p"+!ar) !at0re of .ea"t. a!d safet)K t.e ostac"es to good sta!dards of
.ea"t. a!d safet) 6co-p"e=+t)4 co-pet+!g a!d co!f"+ct+!g de-a!ds4 e.a(+o0ra"
+ss0es:D
5ea!+!gs of a!d d+st+!ct+o!s etwee!$
.ea"t.4 safet)4 we"fare a!d e!(+ro!-e!ta" protect+o!K
occ0pat+o!a" acc+de!ts4 da!gero0s occ0rre!ces a!d !earI-+sses4 occ0pat+o!a"
d+sease a!d workIre"ated +""I.ea"t. 6p.)s+o"og+ca" a!d ps)c.o"og+ca":4
co--0t+!g acc+de!tsK a!d
.aFard a!d r+skD
CHSS Ltd 2006 Page '0 of 83
;.e -ora" / soc+a" a!d eco!o-+c arg0-e!ts for -a+!ta+!+!g good sta!dards of .ea"t.
a!d safet)$
t.e s+Fe of t.e .ea"t. a!d safet) Bpro"e-9 +! ter-s of !0-ers of workIre"ated
fata"+t+es a!d +!j0r+es a!d +!c+de!ce of +""I.ea"t.K
d+rect a!d +!d+rect costs of acc+de!ts a!d +""I.ea"t.$ +!s0red a!d 0!+!s0red costsK
workers9 co-pe!sat+o! a!d t.e ro"e of +!s0ra!ceK a!d
t.e !eed to pro(+de a safe p"ace of work4 safe p"a!t a!d e<0+p-e!t4 safe
s)ste-s of work4 tra+!+!g a!d s0per(+s+o!4 a!d co-pete!t workersD
;)p+ca" fra-eworks for reg0"at+!g .ea"t. a!d safet)$
e-p"o)ers9 "ega" respo!s++"+t+esK
workers9 "ega" respo!s++"+t+es a!d r+g.tsK
t.e ro"e of e!force-e!t age!c+es a!d t.e co!se<0e!ces of !o!Ico-p"+a!ceK a!d
+!ter!at+o!a" sta!dards a!d co!(e!t+o!s4 6eDgD IS24 IL2:D
So0rces of +!for-at+o! o! .ea"t. a!d safet) 6+!ter!a" a!d e=ter!a" to t.e
orga!+sat+o!:K e=a-p"es of so0rces of +!for-at+o! pro(+ded ) t.e wes+tes or
p0"+c+t) off+ces of !at+o!a" or +!ter!at+o!a" age!c+es4 6eDgD I!ter!at+o!a" Lao0r
2rga!+Fat+o! 6IL2:4 2cc0pat+o!a" Safet) a!d Hea"t. *d-+!+strat+o! 6CS*:4 ,0ropea!
*ge!c) for Safet) a!d Hea"t. at Work 6,C:4 Hea"t. a!d Safet) ,=ec0t+(e 6CG:4
Worksafe 6Wester! *0stra"+a::D
* fra-ework for .ea"t. a!d safet) -a!age-e!t$ po"+c)K orga!+s+!gK p"a!!+!g a!d
+-p"e-e!tat+o!K e(a"0at+o! 6-o!+tor+!g a!d -eas0re-e!t4 +!(est+gat+o!4 a0d+t:K
act+o! for +-pro(e-e!t 6pre(e!t+(e a!d correct+(e act+o! a!d co!t+!0a"
+-pro(e-e!t:D
CHSS Ltd 2006 Page '' of 83
Gro0p S)!d+cate ,=erc+se
C.ose a .aFard )o0 are fa-+"+ar w+t.4 eDgD !o+se4 f+re4 d+sp"a) scree! e<0+p-e!t4
s"+ps4 tr+ps a!d fa""s4 etcD
Co!s+der .ow )o0r orga!+sat+o! w+"" -a!age t.+s .aFard 0s+!g t.e fo""ow+!g steps$
Policy
State the organisations aim that is to be achieved by managing the hazard.
Organising
State job roles and key responsibilities for management, supervision and employees.
Planning and Implementing
State how the hazard will be identified and the risk assessed and what targets or
performance standards will be used to assess whether the risk is adequately
controlled. What emergency procedures will be needed
eas!ring Performance
State how the organisation can check that targets are being met and that individuals
are complying with the risk assessment, safe systems of work, etc.
"e#ie$ing Performance
State how the organisation will review the monitoring data gathered and how the
information will be used to feed back into the other stages of management.
%!diting
State how an audit process will aid the last two stages of monitoring and review.
Sa-p"e A0est+o!s
' #ep"ace-e!t a!d retra+!+!g of staff +s a cost t.at a! orga!+sat+o!
-a) face fo""ow+!g a workp"ace acc+de!tD
&ist EIGH' ot.er poss+"e costs to a! orga!+sat+o! w.e! a!
e-p"o)ee .as ee! ser+o0s") +!j0red +! s0c. a! acc+de!tD
68:
2 O!tline t.e -a+! co-po!e!ts of a .ea"t. a!d safet) -a!age-e!t
s)ste-D
68:
3 #ep"ace-e!t or repa+r of da-aged p"a!t a!d e<0+p-e!t +s a cost
t.at a! orga!+sat+o! -a) face fo""ow+!g a workp"ace acc+de!tD
&ist EIGH' ot.er poss+"e costs to a! orga!+sat+o! w.e! a!
e-p"o)ee .as ee! ser+o0s") +!j0red +! s0c. a! acc+de!tD
68:
3
O!tline (O)" -a+! co-po!e!ts of t.e .ea"t. a!d safet)
-a!age-e!t s)ste- descr+ed +! 2HS*S '800'$ '&&&
2cc0pat+o!a" .ea"t. a!d safet) -a!age-e!t s)ste-sD
68:
%
It +s ge!era"") accepted t.at4 fo""ow+!g a workp"ace acc+de!t4 t.e
B.+dde!9 costs 60s0a"") 0!+!s0red: great") e=ceed t.e -ore o(+o0s
costs w.+c. are 0s0a"") co(ered ) +!s0ra!ceD
O!tline (O)" of t.ese B.+dde!9 costs4 g+(+!g e=a-p"es +! eac.
caseD
68:
6 6a:
E*plain t.e d+ffere!ce etwee! t.e oject+(es of a cr+-+!a" "aw
s)ste- a!d a c+(+" "aw s)ste-D
62:
6: O!tline t.e 'H"EE sta!dard co!d+t+o!s t.at are 0s0a"") re<0+red to
e -et to pro(e a case of !eg"+ge!ce aga+!st a! e-p"o)erD
66:
6c:
O!tline t.e t)p+ca" act+o!s t.at -+g.t e ro0g.t aga+!st a!
e-p"o)er w.o .as reac.ed cr+-+!a" "aw +! re"at+o! to .ea"t. a!d
safet)D
66:
6d:
E*plain w.) .ea"t. a!d safet) "eg+s"at+o! -+g.t e e!forced to
d+ffere!t sta!dards +! d+ffere!t co0!tr+esD
66:
Ho-ework A0est+o!
Septe-er 200'
Paper '
A0est+o! ''
!eplacement or repair of damaged plant and equipment is a cost that an
organisation may face following a workplace accident.
List EIGHT other possible costs to the organisation following a workplace
accident.
68:
CHSS Ltd 2006 Page '% of 83
,"e-e!t 2
Sett+!g Po"+c) for Hea"t.
a!d Safet)
*+-s
t.e +-porta!ce of sett+!g po"+c) for .ea"t. a!d safet)K a!d
t.e ke) feat0res a!d appropr+ate co!te!t of a! orga!+sat+o!9s .ea"t. a!d safet)
po"+c)D
2ject+(es
e=p"a+! t.e p0rpose of a .ea"t. a!d safet) po"+c)K a!d
assess t.e appropr+ate!ess of a! orga!+sat+o!s9 .ea"t. a!d safet) po"+c) +! ter-s
of str0ct0re a!d ge!era" co!te!tD
Co!te!t
;.e ro"e of t.e .ea"t. a!d safet) po"+c) +! dec+s+o!I-ak+!gK t.e !eeds of d+ffere!t
orga!+sat+o!sD
;.e a+-s4 oject+(es a!d ke) e"e-e!ts of a .ea"t. a!d safet) po"+c) +! ter-s of$
stat+!g t.e o(era"" a+-s of t.e orga!+sat+o! +! ter-s of .ea"t. a!d safet)
perfor-a!ceK
def+!+!g t.e .ea"t. a!d safet) ro"es a!d respo!s++"+t+es of +!d+(+d0a"s w+t.+! t.e
orga!+sat+o!K a!d
spec+f)+!g t.e arra!ge-e!ts for ac.+e(+!g ge!era" a!d spec+f+c a+-sD
Sett+!g targets$ ge!era" state-e!t of +!te!tK s+g!ator) to state-e!tK sett+!g oject+(e
a!d <0a!t+f+a"e targetsK co!cept of Be!c.-ark+!g9D
2rga!+s+!g for .ea"t. a!d safet)$ a""ocat+o! of respo!s++"+t+esK "+!es of
co--0!+cat+o!K feedack "oopsK t.e ro"e of -a!agers +! +!f"0e!c+!g t.e .ea"t. a!d
safet) po"+c) a!d -o!+tor+!g effect+(e!essD
Hea"t. a!d safet) arra!ge-e!ts$ t.e +-porta!ce of spec+f)+!g t.e orga!+sat+o!9s
arra!ge-e!ts for p"a!!+!g a!d orga!+s+!g4 co!tro""+!g .aFards4 co!s0"tat+o!4
co--0!+cat+o! a!d -o!+tor+!g a!d re(+ew+!g co-p"+a!ce w+t.4 a!d assess+!g t.e
effect+(e!ess of4 t.e arra!ge-e!tsD
;.e c+rc0-sta!ces t.at -a) "ead to a !eed to re(+ew t.e .ea"t. a!d safet) po"+c)4
6eDgD passage of t+-e4 tec.!o"og+ca"4 orga!+sat+o!a" or "ega" c.a!ges4 res0"ts of
-o!+tor+!g:D
Sta!dards a!d g0+da!ce re"at+!g to .ea"t. a!d safet) po"+c)D
CHSS Ltd 2006 Page '& of 83
Gro0p S)!d+cate ,=erc+se I Hea"t. J Safet) Po"+c+es
;.e t.ree -ost co--o! pro"e-s w+t. wr+tte! .ea"t. a!d safet) po"+c+es are$
': t.e po"+c+es e=+st4 0t few peop"e are aware of t.e-K
2: t.e a-o0!t of deta+" re<0+red -a) ge!erate a -ass of paperworkK a!d
3: t.e po"+c+es are s+-p") a reIstat+!g of t.e "ega" d0t+es of t.e orga!+sat+o!D
Co!s+der4 d+sc0ss a!d s0ggest .ow E%CH of t.ese pro"e-s -+g.t e o(erco-eD
Possible sol!tions
6': DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
62: DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
63: DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD

Sa-p"e A0est+o!s
' O!tline t.e +te-s t.at -a) e +!c"0ded +! t.e Barra!ge-e!ts9
sect+o! of a .ea"t. a!d safet) po"+c) doc0-e!tD
68:
2 a: O!tline t.e re<0+re-e!ts w.ere) e-p"o)ers -0st prepare a
wr+tte! state-e!t of t.e+r .ea"t. a!d safet) po"+c)D
62:
: E*plain t.e p0rpose of E%CH of t.e fo""ow+!g sect+o!s of a
.ea"t. a!d safet) po"+c) doc0-e!t$
+: Bstate-e!t of +!te!t9D
++: Borga!+sat+o!9D
+++: Barra!ge-e!ts9D
62:
62:
62:
c: O!tline t.e +ss0es t.at are t)p+ca"") +!c"0ded +! t.e
arra!ge-e!ts sect+o! of a .ea"t. a!d safet) po"+c) doc0-e!tD
6'2:
3 a: O!tline t.e re<0+re-e!ts w.ere) e-p"o)ers -0st prepare a
wr+tte! state-e!t of t.e+r .ea"t. a!d safet) po"+c)D
62:
: O!tline t.e c+rc0-sta!ces t.at -a) g+(e r+se to a !eed for a
.ea"t. a!d safet) po"+c) to e re(+sedD
66:
3
* -ed+0- s+Fed e!g+!eer+!g orga!+sat+o! +!te!ds to
e!c.-ark +ts .ea"t. a!d safet) w+t. s+-+"ar orga!+sat+o!sD
O!tline t.e .ea"t. a!d safet) -a!age-e!t +ss0es t.at co0"d
e 0sed to e!c.-ark w+t. t.e ot.er orga!+sat+o!sD
68:
CHSS Ltd 2006 Page 2' of 83
Ho-ework A0est+o!
5arc. 2003
Paper '
A0est+o! %
6a: Explain the purpose of the "statement of intent" section of a health and
safety policy.
62:
6: Outline the circumstances that would require a health and safety policy
to be reviewed.
62:
,"e-e!t 3
2rga!+s+!g for Hea"t. a!d
Safet)
*+-s
t.e .ea"t. a!d safet) ro"es a!d respo!s++"+t+es of e-p"o)ers4 -a!agers4 workers
a!d ot.er re"e(a!t part+esD
2ject+(es
;.e +!te!ded "ear!+!g o0tco-e of t.+s ,"e-e!t +s t.at ca!d+dates w+"" e a"e to$
o0t"+!e t.e .ea"t. a!d safet) respo!s++"+t+es of t.e (ar+o0s part+es +!(o"(ed w+t.
work act+(+t+esD
Co!te!t
;.e ro"es a!d respo!s++"+t+es of$
t.e e-p"o)er 6corporate a!d !o!Icorporate: for t.e .ea"t.4 safet) a!d we"fare of
workers a!d t.e .ea"t. a!d safet) of t.ose affected ) work act+(+t+es4 6eDgD
(+s+tors4 co!tractors4 t.e p0"+c:K
d+rectors a!d se!+or -a!agers for +-p"e-e!t+!g4 o! e.a"f of t.e e-p"o)er4 t.e
.ea"t. a!d safet) po"+c)K
-+dd"e -a!agers a!d s0per(+sors for t.e .ea"t. a!d safet) of s0ord+!atesK
perso!s w+t. pr+-ar) .ea"t. a!d safet) f0!ct+o!sK
workers for t.e .ea"t. a!d safet) of t.e-se"(es a!d ot.ers w.o -a) e affected
) t.e+r acts or o-+ss+o!sK a!d
perso!s +! co!tro" of pre-+ses a!d p"a!t pro(+ded for 0s+!ess p0rposes for t.e
.ea"t. a!d safet) of t.ose 0s+!g t.e pre-+ses or p"a!tD
;.e respo!s++"+t+es of t.e se"fIe-p"o)ed for t.e .ea"t. a!d safet) of t.e-se"(es a!d
ot.ersD
;.e s0pp") c.a+! a!d t.e ge!era" d0t+es of s0pp"+ers4 -a!0fact0rers a!d des+g!ers of
art+c"es a!d s0sta!ces for 0se at work +! re"at+o! to t.e .ea"t. a!d safet) of t.e+r
prod0cts a!d t.e pro(+s+o! of +!for-at+o!D
;.e re"at+o!s.+p etwee! c"+e!t a!d co!tractor a!d t.e d0t+es eac. .as to t.e ot.er
a!d to t.e ot.er9s workersK effect+(e p"a!!+!g a!d coIord+!at+o! of co!tracted workK
proced0res for t.e se"ect+o! of co!tractorsD
CHSS Ltd 2006 Page 2% of 83
S.ared respo!s++"+t+es +! t.e case of jo+!t occ0pat+o! of pre-+ses$ coIoperat+o! a!d
coIord+!at+o!D
,=c.a!ge of I!for-at+o!
;.e asestos ce-e!t roof of a factor) 0+"d+!g 6see t.e sketc. e"ow: +s to e
rep"aced w+t. corr0gated stee"D ;.e occ0p+ers +!te!ded to co!t+!0e work +! t.e
0+"d+!gD ;.e work +!(o"(es t.e g"aF+!g a!d f+r+!g of potter) 6crocker):D ;.e crocker)
+s t.e! packed +!to woode! cases f+""ed w+t. strawD G"aF+!g f0-es are e=tracted (+a
"oca" e=.a0st (e!t+"at+o! to a roof (e!tD I! t.e +!terests of .ea"t. a!d safet) of a""
co!cer!ed$
W.at +!for-at+o! wo0"d t.e c"+e!t !eed to pro(+de to t.e co!tractor4 w.at
+!for-at+o! wo0"d t.e c"+e!t re<0est fro- t.e co!tractorL
W.at +!for-at+o! wo0"d t.e co!tractor !eed to pro(+de to t.e c"+e!t4 w.at
+!for-at+o! wo0"d t.e co!tractor re<0est fro- t.e c"+e!tL
;.e t0tor -a) prefer to d+(+de t.e <0est+o!s etwee! two gro0psD ;.e t0tor w+"" a"so
pro(+de a!) f0rt.er +!for-at+o! t.at -a) e !eeded ) e+t.er gro0pD
Sketch reproduced by kind permission of #he $nstitution of %hemical &ngineers
Sa-p"e A0est+o!s
'D
* co-pa!) +!te!ds to 0se t.e ser(+ces of a! o0ts+de co!tractor
for off+ce c"ea!+!g4 ot. w+t.+! a!d o0ts+de !or-a" off+ce .o0rsD
*! +!(+tat+o! to te!der for t.e work .as ee! +ss0edD
6a:
O!tline t.e c.ecks t.at t.e co-pa!) s.o0"d -ake w.e!
dec+d+!g o! t.e .ea"t. a!d safet) co-pete!ce of co!tractors
te!der+!g for t.e workD
66:
6: O!tline t.e d0t+es t.at t.e co-pa!) w+"" owe to t.e c"ea!ers 63:
6c:
Identify t.e act+o!s t.at t.e co-pa!) s.o0"d take to .e"p +!s0re
t.at t.e .ea"t. a!d safet) of t.e+r ow! a!d t.e co!tractors
e-p"o)ees are !ot p0t at r+skD
6'0:
2D 6a:
O!tline t.e ke) .ea"t. a!d safet) respo!s++"+t+es of e-p"o)ers
w.+c. are co--o! +! -a!) co0!tr+esD
63:
6:
O!tline t.e ke) .ea"t. a!d safet) respo!s++"+t+es a!d r+g.ts of
e-p"o)ees w.+c. are co--o! +! -a!) co0!tr+esD
63:
Ho-ework A0est+o!s
1. List the factors that might be considered when assessing the health and
safety competence of a contractor.
68:
CHSS Ltd 2006 Page 2& of 83
,"e-e!t 3
Pro-ot+!g a Pos+t+(e
Hea"t. a!d Safet) C0"t0re
*+-s
2! co-p"et+o! of t.+s ,"e-e!t4 ca!d+dates w+"" 0!dersta!dK
t.e co!cept of .ea"t. a!d safet) c0"t0re a!d +ts (ar+o0s co-po!e!tsK a!d
.ow to ass+st +! t.e de(e"op-e!t of a pos+t+(e .ea"t. a!d safet) c0"t0re w+t.+! a!
orga!+sat+o!D
2ject+(es
descr+e t.e co!cept of .ea"t. a!d safet) c0"t0re a!d +ts s+g!+f+ca!ce +! t.e
-a!age-e!t of .ea"t. a!d safet) +! a! orga!+sat+o!K
assess t.e effect+(e!ess of a! orga!+sat+o!9s .ea"t. a!d safet) c0"t0re ) 0se of
re"e(a!t c"+-ate +!d+catorsK
recog!+se t.e factors t.at co0"d "ead to a deter+orat+o! +! .ea"t. a!d safet)
c0"t0reK
ad(+se o! -et.ods for +-pro(+!g t.e .ea"t. a!d safet) c0"t0re of a! orga!+sat+o!K
o0t"+!e t.e +!ter!a" a!d e=ter!a" +!f"0e!ces o! a! orga!+sat+o!9s .ea"t. a!d safet)
sta!dardsK a!d
e=p"a+! t.e e!ef+ts of co!s0"t+!g w+t. workers o! .ea"t. a!d safet) +ss0es a!d
t.e -ea!s to ac.+e(e effect+(e co!s0"tat+o!D
Co!te!t
?ef+!+t+o! of t.e ter- B.ea"t. a!d safet) c0"t0re9D Corre"at+o! etwee! .ea"t. a!d
safet) c0"t0re a!d .ea"t. a!d safet) perfor-a!ceD
;a!g+"e o0tp0ts or +!d+cators of a! orga!+sat+o!9s .ea"t. a!d safet) c0"t0re4 6eDgD
acc+de!ts4 ase!tee+s-4 s+ck!ess rates4 staff t0r!o(er4 "e(e" of co-p"+a!ce w+t. .ea"t.
a!d safet) r0"es a!d proced0res4 co-p"a+!ts ao0t work+!g co!d+t+o!s:D
/actors pro-ot+!g a !egat+(e .ea"t. a!d safet) c0"t0re4 6eDgD reorga!+sat+o!4
0!certa+!t)4 e.a(+o0r of a!d sta!dard of dec+s+o!I-ak+!g ) -a!age-e!t:D
I!ter!a" +!f"0e!ces o! .ea"t. a!d safet)4 eDgD -a!age-e!t co--+t-e!t4 prod0ct+o!
de-a!ds4 co--0!+cat+o!4 co-pete!ce4 worker represe!tat+o!D
,=ter!a" +!f"0e!ces o! .ea"t. a!d safet)4 eDgD soc+eta" e=pectat+o!s4 e!force-e!t4
+!s0ra!ce co-pa!+es4 trade 0!+o!s4 stake.o"ders4 eco!o-+csD
;.e +-porta!ce a!d -ea!s of co!s0"t+!g w+t. workers o! .ea"t. a!d safet) +ss0esK
t.e d+st+!ct+o! etwee! B+!for-+!g9 a!d Bco!s0"t+!g9D
H0-a! e.a(+o0r$
+!d+(+d0a"4 jo a!d orga!+sat+o!a" factorsK
att+t0de4 apt+t0de a!d -ot+(at+o!K
percept+o! of r+skK
errors a!d (+o"at+o!sK
effects of age a!d e=per+e!ceK a!d
t.e +!f"0e!ce of peersD
,ffect+!g c0"t0ra" c.a!ge$
sec0r+!g co--+t-e!t of -a!age-e!tK
pro-ot+!g .ea"t. a!d safet) sta!dards ) "eaders.+p a!d e=a-p"eK
0se of co-pete!t perso!!e" w+t. re"e(a!t k!ow"edge4 sk+""s a!d work e=per+e!ceK
effect+(e co--0!+cat+o! w+t.+! t.e orga!+sat+o!$
- -er+ts a!d "+-+tat+o!s of d+ffere!t -et.ods of co--0!+cat+o! 6(era"4
wr+tte! a!d grap.+c:K
- 0se a!d effect+(e!ess of !ot+ce oards a!d .ea"t. a!d safet)
propaga!da 6f+"-s4 (+deos4 posters:4 too"o= ta"ks4 -e-os4 worker
.a!dooksK a!d
- coIoperat+o! a!d co!s0"tat+o! w+t. t.e workforce 6ro"es a!d e!ef+ts of
worker part+c+pat+o!4 safet) co--+ttees a!d worker feedack:K
tra+!+!g$
- t.e effect of tra+!+!g o! .0-a! re"+a+"+t)K a!d
- opport0!+t+es a!d !eed for tra+!+!g pro(+s+o! 6+!d0ct+o!4 jo c.a!ge4
process c.a!ge4 +!trod0ct+o! of !ew "eg+s"at+o!4 +!trod0ct+o! of !ew
tec.!o"og):D
Case St0d) I H0-a! /actors
*!a")s+!g t.e +!f"0e!ces o! e.a(+o0r
Ide!t+f) a co--o! 0!safe e.a(+o0r 6for e=a-p"e fa+"0re to wear gogg"es w.e! 0s+!g
a gr+!d+!g -ac.+!e: a!d carr) o0t a /orce /+e"d *!a")s+s as fo""ows$
a) state t.e 0!safe e.a(+o0r t.at !eeds to e c.a!gedK
b) +de!t+f) t.e factors t.at -+g.t e!co0rage / re+!force 0!safe e.a(+o0rK t.e!K
c) +de!t+f) t.e factors t.at -+g.t e!co0rage / re+!force safe e.a(+o0rK t.e!K a!d
d) "+st t.e act+o!s t.at a 5a!ager co0"d take to re-o(e or red0ce t.e factors "+sted +!
6: a!d re+!force t.e act+o!s +! 6c:D Mo0 s.o0"d co!s+der eac. of t.e f+(e
approac.es "+sted o! t.e pre(+o0s pagesD
a: /orce /+e"d *!a")s+s of 6state t.e 0!safe e.a(+o0r:D
: /actors t.at -+g.t e!co0rage / re+!force t.e 0!safe e.a(+o0rD
c: /actors t.at -+g.t e!co0rage / re+!force t.e safe e.a(+o0rD
d: *ct+o!s t.e -a!ager co0"d take to weake! 6: a!d stre!gt.e! 6c:D
I!d0ct+o! ;ra+!+!g
I! gro0ps as des+g!ated ) )o0r t0tor$
L+st t.e -a+! +ealt+ and safety top+cs to e +!c"0ded +! a! +!d0ct+o! progra--eD
I!d+cate t.e stage at w.+c. eac. wo0"d est e de"+(eredD P"ease +!sert ot.er t+-e
+!ter(a"s +f )o0 w+s.D
2! ,ay One
?0r+!g t.e (irst Week
W+t.+! t.e (irst Si* ont+s
Co--0!+cat+o!
I! gro0ps as d+rected ) )o0r t0tor4 d+sc0ss$
t.e wa)s +! w.+c. +-pro(ed co--0!+cat+o!s co0"d red0ce acc+de!ts e+t.er$
- +! )o0r orga!+sat+o!K or
- +! +!d0str) or co--erceD
t.e effect+(e!ess of posters a!d p0"+c+t) ca-pa+g!s as a wa) of red0c+!g
acc+de!tsD
Sa-p"e A0est+o!s
' a: E*plain t.e -ea!+!g of t.e ter- B-ot+(at+o!9D 62:
: ,escribe t.e -ot+(at+!g factors t.at co0"d "ead to +-pro(ed
.ea"t. a!d safet) perfor-a!ce +! t.e workp"aceD
66:
2 a: State t.e cr+ter+a t.at s.o0"d e 0sed +! assess+!g a perso!9s
co-pete!ce to carr) o0t a taskD
63:
: O!tline t.e perso!a" a!d orga!+sat+o!a" factors t.at -a)
ca0se a perso! to work 0!safe") e(e! t.o0g. t.e) are
co-pete!tD
63:
3 O!tline t.e wa)s +! w.+c. e-p"o)ers -a) -ot+(ate t.e+r
e-p"o)ees to co-p") w+t. .ea"t. a!d safet) proced0resD
68:
3 O!tline t.e reaso!s w.) e-p"o)ees -a) fail to co-p") w+t.
safet) proced0res at workD
68:
% a: E*plain t.e -ea!+!g of t.e ter- Bpercept+o!9D 62:
: E*plain .ow a! 0!dersta!d+!g of percept+o! ca! .e"p to
+-pro(e .ea"t. a!d safet) perfor-a!ceD
66:
6 a: Identify t.e factors t.at p"ace )o0!g perso!s at greater r+sk
of acc+de!ts at work
63:
: O!tline t.e -eas0res t.at co0"d e take! to -+!+-+se t.e r+sk
to )o0!g perso!s
63:
1 a: State t.e cr+ter+a t.at s.o0"d e 0sed +! assess+!g a perso!9s
co-pete!ce to carr) o0t a taskD
62:
: O!tline t.e perso!a" a!d orga!+sat+o!a" factors t.at -a)
ca0se a perso! to work 0!safe") e(e! t.o0g. t.e) are
co-pete!tD
66:
8 a: E*plain 0s+!g e=a-p"es4 t.e -ea!+!g of E%CH of t.e
fo""ow+!g ter-s $
+: B-ot+(at+o!9
++: Bpercept+o!9
+++: Batt+t0de9
63:
63:
63:
: O!tline wa)s of red0c+!g t.e "+ke"+.ood of .0-a! error +! t.e
workp"aceD
6'':
& ,escribe t.e t)pes of human error t.at ca! "ead to acc+de!ts
+! t.e workp"aceD
68:
'0 a: E*plain t.e -ea!+!g of t.e ter- Bpercept+o!9 62:
: O!tline t.e factors t.at -a) +!f"0e!ce a perso!s percept+o!
of r+sk +! t.e workp"ace
66:
'' O!tline (O)" ad(a!tages a!d (O)" d+sad(a!tages of
0s+!g posters to co--0!+cate .ea"t. a!d safet) +!for-at+o!
to t.e workforceD
68:
'2 *! +!(est+gat+o! .as +de!t+f+ed t.e two ke) 0!der")+!g ca0ses
of a workp"ace acc+de!t as +!effect+(e (era" co--0!+cat+o!
etwee! e-p"o)ees a!d s.ortco-+!gs +! t.e <0a"+t) of .ea"t.
a!d safet) tra+!+!gD
6a: Identify t.e arr+ers to effect+(e (era" co--0!+cat+o! t.at
-a) .a(e e=+stedD
68:
6: O!tline t.e -eas0res ) w.+c. (era" co--0!+cat+o! co0"d
e +-pro(edD
66:
6c: ,escribe t.e (ar+et) of training methods a tra+!er co0"d 0se
to +-pro(e t.e effect+(e!ess of e-p"o)ee tra+!+!g +! .ea"t.
a!d safet)D
66:
'3 I! re"at+o! to Co!s0"tat+o! w+t. ,-p"o)ees Identify$
6a: ;.e .ea"t. a!d safet) -atters o! w.+c. e-p"o)ers s.o0"d
t)p+ca"") co!s0"t t.e+r e-p"o)ees
63:
6: (O)" t)pes of +!for-at+o! t.at a! e-p"o)er +s NO' o"+ged
to d+sc"ose to a! e-p"o)ee represe!tat+(e
63:
'3 E*plain w.) +t +s +-porta!t to 0se a (ar+et) of -et.ods to
co--0!+cate .ea"t. a!d safet) +!for-at+o! +! t.e workp"aceD
68:
'% W+t. respect to Workers Safet) #eprese!tat+(es$
+: E*plain t.e occas+o!s w.e! a safet) represe!tat+(e
co0"d e e!t+t"ed to +!spect t.e workp"aceD
++: ,escribe t.e fac+"+t+es t.at a! e-p"o)er -a) !eed to
pro(+de to safet) represe!tat+(esD
66:
62:
'6 O!tline t.e (ar+o0s -et.ods for co--0!+cat+!g .ea"t. a!d
safet) +!for-at+o! to t.e workforceD
68:
'1 O!tline t.e so0rces of p0"+s.ed +!for-at+o! t.at -a) e
co!s0"ted w.e! dea"+!g w+t. a .ea"t. a!d safet) pro"e- at
workD
68:
'8 O!tline t.e top+cs t.at -a) !eed to e +!c"0ded o! t.e
age!da of a safet) co--+ttee -eet+!gD
68:
'& O!tline t.e reaso!s t.at -a) pre(e!t a (era" +!str0ct+o!
e+!g c"ear") 0!derstood ) a! e-p"o)eeD
68:
20 a: E*plain t.e c+rc0-sta!ces 0!der w.+c. a! e-p"o)er s.o0"d
for- a .ea"t. a!d safet) co--+tteeD
62:
: Gi#e reaso!s w.) a .ea"t. a!d safet) co--+ttee -a) e
+!effect+(eD
66:
2' O!tline t.e (ar+o0s -et.ods for co--0!+cat+!g .ea"t. a!d
safet) +!for-at+o! to t.e workp"aceD
68:
22 O!tline t.e t)p+ca" ro"e of a Safet) #eprese!tat+(e 68:
23 O!tline t.e reaso!s t.at -a) pre(e!t a (era" +!str0ct+o!
e+!g c"ear") 0!derstood ) a! e-p"o)eeD
68:
23 O!tline t.e so0rces of +!for-at+o! t.at -a) e co!s0"ted
w.e! dea"+!g w+t. a .ea"t. a!d safet) pro"e- at workD
68:
2% O!tline t.e factors to e co!s+dered w.e! prepar+!g a!d
prese!t+!g a .ea"t. a!d safet) tra+!+!g sess+o!D
68:
26 O!tline t.e (ar+o0s c+rc0-sta!ces t.at -a) create a !eed for
a re(+ew of .ea"t. a!d safet) tra+!+!g w+t.+! a! orga!+sat+o!D
68:
21 E*plain .ow +!d0ct+o! tra+!+!g progra--es for !ew
e-p"o)ees ca! .e"p to red0ce t.e !0-ers of acc+de!ts +!
t.e workp"aceD
68:
28 *! +!(est+gat+o! .as +de!t+f+ed t.e two ke) 0!der")+!g ca0ses
of a workp"ace acc+de!t as +!effect+(e (era" co--0!+cat+o!
etwee! e-p"o)ees a!d s.ortco-+!gs +! t.e <0a"+t) of .ea"t.
a!d safet) tra+!+!gD
6a: Identify t.e arr+ers to effect+(e (era" co--0!+cat+o! t.at
-a) .a(e e=+stedD
68:
6: O!tline t.e -eas0res ) w.+c. (era" co--0!+cat+o! co0"d
e +-pro(edD
66:
6c: ,escribe t.e (ar+et) of tra+!+!g -et.ods a tra+!er co0"d 0se
to +-pro(e t.e effect+(e!ess of e-p"o)ee tra+!+!g +! .ea"t.
a!d safet)D
66:
2& O!tline t.e e(e!ts t.at -a) create a !eed for add+t+o!a"
.ea"t. a!d safet) tra+!+!g w+t.+! a! orga!+sat+o!D
6'0:
O!tline t.e factors to e co!s+dered w.e! prepar+!g a!d
prese!t+!g a tra+!+!g sess+o! o! .ea"t. a!d safet)D
6'0:
30 6a: E*plain t.e -ea!+!g of t.e ter- Bco-pete!t perso!9D 63:
6: O!tline (O)" c.ecks t.at co0"d e -ade to .e"p assess a
perso!s9 co-pete!ceD
63:
3' O!tline .ow .ea"t. a!d safet) tra+!+!g !eeds ca! e
+de!t+f+edD
68:
32 O!tline t.e -a+! .ea"t. a!d safet) +ss0es to e +!c"0ded +!
a! +!d0ct+o! tra+!+!g progra--e for !ew e-p"o)eesD
68:
33
&ist t.e factors t.at co0"d e co!s+dered w.e! assess+!g t.e
.ea"t. a!d safet) co-pete!ce of a co!tractorD
68:
33
O!tline t.e -et.ods ) w.+c. t.e .ea"t. a!d safet) c0"t0re of
a! orga!+sat+o! -a) e +-pro(edD
68:
3% 6a:
Identify (O)" factors of a! e-p"o)ee9s jo t.at -a)
co!tr+0te towards t.e +!d+(+d0a"9s !o!Ico-p"+a!ce w+t. safe
s)ste-s of work w+t.+! t.e orga!+sat+o!D
63:
6:
State w.at orga!+sat+o!s co0"d do4 to e!co0rage e-p"o)ee9s
to co-p") w+t. safe s)ste-s of workD
63:
36
O!tline t.e re<0+re-e!ts of (O)" t)pes of we"fare fac+"+t)
t.at a! e-p"o)er s.o0"d pro(+de for .+s e-p"o)eesD
68:
Ho-ework A0est+o!s
Septe-er '&&&
Paper '
A0est+o! '
'ue to increasing sales, a manufacturing company is about to recruit new staff in
both production and administrative departments.
6+: List the main issues to be addressed in a general health and safety
induction programme for the new employees.
66:
6++: Outline the factors that will determine the level of supervision each
new employee should receive during their initial period with the
company.
68:
6+++: Identify the reasons why additional training of some or all of the
employees may be required at a later stage in their employment.
66:
Septe-er '&&&
Paper '
A0est+o! 1
Explain why it is important to use a variety of methods to communicate health
and safety information in the workplace.
68:
?ece-er '&&&
Paper '
A0est+o! &
(ccidents are often attributed to "human error", which can be categorised into
different types.
Outline FOUR types of human error, giving a workplace e)ample of EACH
type.
68:
5arc. 2002
Paper '
A0est+o! 2
Outline ways in which employers may motivate their employees to comply
with health and safety procedures.
68:
5arc. 200'
Paper '
A0est+o! 2
Outline FOUR advantages and FOUR disadvantages of using propaganda" 68:
posters to communicate health and safety information to the workforce.
Septe-er 200'
Paper '
A0est+o! %
Outline the personal factors that might place an individual at a greater risk of
harm while at work.
68:
?ece-er 200'
Paper '
A0est+o! 2
Give reasons why a verbal instruction may not be clearly understood by an
employee.
68:
?ece-er 200'
Paper '
A0est+o! 6
Outline the practical means by which a manager could involve employees in
the improvement of health*and safety in the workplace.
68:
?ece-er 200'
Paper '
A0est+o! 8
6a: Explain the meaning of the term "perception. 62:
6: Outline the factors relating to the individual that may influence a
person"s perception of an occupational risk.
66:
5arc. 2003
Paper '
A0est+o! %
Outline the factors that will determine the level of supervision that a new
employee should receive during their initial period of employment within an
organisation.
68:
5arc. 2003
Paper '
A0est+o! '0
6a: Explain the meaning of the term "motivation". 62:
6: +ther than lack of motivation, outline SI reasons why employees
may fail to comply with safety procedures at work.
66:
H0!e 2003
Paper '
A0est+o! 2
Outline the factors that might contribute towards a positive safety culture
within an organisation.
68:
H0!e 2003
Paper '
A0est+o! 8
Outline reasons why an employee might require additional health and safety
training at a later stage of employment within an organisation.
68:
5arc. 2003
5a!age-e!t
A0est+o! 3
6a: Explain the meaning of the term "competent person". 62:
6: Outline the organisational factors that may cause a person to work
unsafely even though they are competent.
66:

,"e-e!t %
Hea"t. a!d Safet) #+sk
*ssess-e!t
*+-s
t.e process of r+sk assess-e!tK a!d
r+sk assess-e!t record+!g a!d re(+ew+!g proced0resD
2ject+(es
e=p"a+! t.e a+-s a!d oject+(es of r+sk assess-e!tK
d+st+!g0+s. etwee! .+g. fre<0e!c) / "ow se(er+t) e(e!ts a!d "ow fre<0e!c) / .+g.
se(er+t) e(e!tsK
+de!t+f) .aFards ) -ea!s of workp"ace +!spect+o!s a!d a!a")s+s of tasksK
0se acc+de!t a!d !earI-+ss data +! r+sk assess-e!tsK a!d
0se a s+-p"e r+sk assess-e!t tec.!+<0e to deter-+!e r+sk "e(e"s a!d to assess
t.e ade<0ac) of co!tro"s.
Co!te!t
?ef+!+t+o!s of .aFard a!d r+skD
2ject+(es of r+sk assess-e!tK o0tco-es of +!c+de!ts / e(e!ts +! ter-s of .0-a!
.ar-4 a!d "ega" a!d eco!o-+c effects o! t.e orga!+sat+o!D
Categor+sat+o! of$
d+ffere!t t)pes of o0tco-e$ +""I.ea"t.4 +!j0r) acc+de!t4 da!gero0s occ0rre!ce4 !earI
-+ss4 da-ageIo!")K t)p+ca" rat+os of +!c+de!t o0tco-es a!d t.e+r re"e(a!ce +!
ter-s of t.e proport+o! of !o!I+!j0r) e(e!tsK 0t+"+t) a!d "+-+tat+o!s of acc+de!t
rat+os +! acc+de!t pre(e!t+o!K
acc+de!ts +! ter-s of +!j0r)$ s"+ps / tr+ps / fa""sK fa""s fro- .e+g.tK fa""+!g ojectsK
co""+s+o! w+t. ojectsK trapp+!g / cr0s.+!g 0!der or etwee! oject / sK -a!0a"
.a!d"+!gK co!tact w+t. -ac.+!er) / .a!d too"sK e"ectr+c+t)K tra!sportK co!tact
w+t. c.e-+ca"sK asp.)=+at+o! / drow!+!gK f+re a!d e=p"os+o!K a!+-a"sK (+o"e!ceK
a!d
.ea"t. r+sks$ c.e-+ca"4 +o"og+ca"4 p.)s+ca"4 ps)c.o"og+ca"K d+st+!ct+o! etwee!
ac0te a!d c.ro!+c .ea"t. effectsD
#+sk assess-e!t process$
+de!t+f)+!g .aFards$ so0rces a!d for- of .ar-K ro"es of +!spect+o!s4 jo / task
a!a")s+s4 "eg+s"at+o!4 -a!0fact0rers9 +!for-at+o!4 +!c+de!t dataK
+de!t+f)+!g pop0"at+o! at r+sk$ operat+(es4 -a+!te!a!ce staff4 c"ea!ers4 co!tractors4
(+s+tors4 p0"+cK
e(a"0at+!g r+sk a!d ade<0ac) of c0rre!t co!tro"s$ "+ke"+.ood of .ar- a!d proa"e
se(er+t)K <0a"+tat+(e a!d se-+I<0a!t+tat+(e r+sk ra!k+!gK res+d0a" r+skK
accepta"e / to"era"e r+sk "e(e"sK 0se of g0+da!ceK so0rces a!d e=a-p"es of
"eg+s"at+o! app")+!g co!tro"s to spec+f+ed .aFardsK ge!era" co!tro" .+erarc.)K
pr+or+t+sat+o! ased o! r+skK d+st+!ct+o! etwee! pr+or+t+es a!d t+-e sca"esK
record+!g s+g!+f+ca!t f+!d+!gs$ for-atK +!for-at+o! to e recordedK
re(+ew+!g$ reaso!s for re(+ew4 6eDgD +!c+de!ts4 process / e<0+p-e!t / staff / "ega"
c.a!gesK t+-e:K a!d
cr+ter+a for a s0+ta"e a!d s0ff+c+e!t r+sk assess-e!tD
Spec+a" case app"+cat+o!s to (0"!era"e gro0ps s0c. as )o0!g perso!s4 e=pecta!t
a!d !0rs+!g -ot.ers a!d d+sa"ed workersD
Complete a risk assessment for one of t+e follo$ing scenarios as indicated by
yo!r t!tor
CHSS Ltd 2006 Page %0 of 83

"isk %ssessment "ecord
Step 1 W+at are t+e +a-ards.
6"+st a"" .aFards4 e(e! +f t.e) appear to e co!tro""ed:
Step / W+o mig+t be +armed and in $+at circ!mstances.
Step 0 E#al!ate t+e risks arising from t+e +a-ards and decide $+at
preca!tions $ill be necessary1
,=+st+!g preca0t+o!s / -a!age-e!t co!tro" -eas0res$
/0rt.er preca0t+o!s / -a!age-e!t co!tro" -eas0res$
Step 2 "ecord t+e significant findings
W.at )o0 .a(e wr+tte! +! steps ' to 3 +s t.e record4 )o0 .a(e t.erefore
co-p"eted step 3D
Step 3 "e#ie$
Co!s+der t.e c+rc0-sta!ces +! w.+c. a re(+ew -+g.t e !eeded +!
f0t0reD
CHSS Ltd 2006 Page %' of 83
Sa-p"e A0est+o!s
' 6a: O!tline t.e factors to e co!s+dered w.e! de(e"op+!g a safe
s)ste- of workD
68:
6: O!tline t.e so0rces of +!for-at+o! t.at co0"d e co!s0"ted
w.e! de(e"op+!g a safe s)ste- of workD
66:
6c: E*plain t.e act+o!s a! e!force-e!t off+cer co0"d take w.e! a!
orga!+sat+o! .as fa+"ed to pro(+de a safe s)ste- of workD
66:
2 O!tline t.e factors t.at s.o0"d e co!s+dered w.e! des+g!+!g
a safe s)ste- of workD
68:
3 O!tline t.e so0rces of +!for-at+o! t.at co0"d e co!s0"ted
w.e! de(e"op+!g a safe s)ste- of workD
68:
3 O!tline t.e factors t.at s.o0"d e co!s+dered w.e! carr)+!g
o0t a r+sk assess-e!tD
68:
% 6a: E*plain t.e -ea!+!g of t.e ter- B.aFard9D 62:
6: O!tline t.e -a+! .aFards t.at -a) e prese!t d0r+!g t.e
de-o"+t+o! of a 0+"d+!gD
68:
6 E*plain4 0s+!g e=a-p"es4 t.e -ea!+!g of t.e fo""ow+!g ter-s$
+: HaFardD
++: #+skD
+++: So far as +s reaso!a") pract+ca"eD
62:
63:
63:
1 O!tline a .+erarc.) of co!tro" -eas0res for co!tro""+!g r+skD 68:
8 6a: ,efine t.e ter- Bper-+t to work s)ste-9 62:
6: E*plain t.e operat+o! of a per-+tItoIwork s)ste- for e!tr) +!to
co!f+!ed spacesD
66:
& 6a: E*plain t.e -ea!+!g of t.e ter- B.aFard9D 62:
6: O!tline tec.!+<0es for +de!t+f)+!g .aFards +! t.e workp"aceD 66:
'0 O!tline t.e factors to e co!s+dered w.e! de(e"op+!g a safe
s)ste- of workD
68:
''
O!tline t.e preca0t+o!ar) -eas0res t.at -a) e !eeded to
pre(e!t s"+p a!d tr+p .aFards +! a! off+ce e!(+ro!-e!tD
68:
'2 6a:
O!tline t.e steps t.at s.o0"d e 0sed +! carr)+!g o0t a r+sk
assess-e!t4 +de!t+f)+!g t.e +ss0es t.at wo0"d !eed to e
co!s+dered at eac. stageD
6'0:
6:
O!tline t.e factors t.at t.e e-p"o)er s.o0"d take +!to acco0!t
w.e! se"ect+!g +!d+(+d0a"s to carr) o0t r+sk assess-e!tsD
66:
6c:
&ist (O)" cr+ter+a w.+c. !eed to e f0"f+""ed to e!s0re t.at a
r+sk assess-e!t +s Bs0+ta"e a!d s0ff+c+e!t9D
63:
Ho-ework A0est+o!s
Septe-er '&&&
Paper '
A0est+o! %
Outline the factors that should be considered in carrying out a general risk
assessment.
68:
?ece-er '&&& / 5arc. 200'
Paper '
A0est+o! % / 3
6a: Identify the factors that may place young persons at a greater risk of
accidents at work.
63:
6: Outline the measures that could be taken to minimise the risks to
young persons.
63:
H0!e 200'
Paper '
A0est+o! &
Outline the factors that may*increase risks to pregnant employees. 63:
Septe-er 200'
Paper '
A0est+o! 3
6a: Identify the key stages of a workplace risk assessment. 6%:
6: Outline THREE circumstances that might require a risk assessment to
be reviewed.
63:
?ece-er 200'
Paper '
A0est+o! ''
Identify the factors to be considered to ensure the health and safety of
persons who are required to work on their own away from the workplace.
68:
H0!e 2003
Paper '
A0est+o! 6
Identify EIGHT sources of information that might usefully be consulted when
developing a safe system of work.
68:
H0!e 2003
Paper '
A0est+o! &
6a: $n relation to risk assessments4 explain the meaning of the term
,suitable and sufficient.
63:
6: Outline the changes in circumstances that may require a risk
assessment to be reviewed.
6%:
5arc. 2003
Paper '
A0est+o! '
(n organisation has introduced a new work process for which a risk assessment is
required.
6+: Outline the steps that should be used in carrying out the risk
assessment, identifying the issues that would need to be considered at
EACH stage.
68:
6++: Explain the criteria that must be met for the assessment to be deemed
,suitable and sufficient.
63:
6+++: Identify the various circumstances that might require a review of the
risk assessment.
68:
5arc. 2003
Paper '
A0est+o! 1
Outline the specific factors that should be considered when assessing the
risks to employees working on night shifts.
68:
CHSS Ltd 2006 Page %% of 83
,"e-e!t 6
Pr+!c+p"es of Co!tro" +!
Hea"t. a!d Safet)
*+-s
f0!da-e!ta" strateg+es for co!tro""+!g .aFards a!d red0c+!g r+skK a!d
t.e (ar+o0s .aFard co!tro" a!d r+sk red0ct+o! -et.ods a(a+"a"eD
2ject+(es
descr+e t.e ge!era" pr+!c+p"es of co!tro" a!d a as+c .+erarc.) of r+sk red0ct+o!
-eas0res t.at e!co-pass tec.!+ca"4 e.a(+o0ra" a!d proced0ra" co!tro"sK
de(e"op a!d app") safe s)ste-s of work for ge!era" work act+(+t+esK
e=p"a+! t.e ke) e"e-e!ts of a safe s)ste- app"+ed to t.e part+c0"ar s+t0at+o!s of
work+!g +! co!f+!ed spaces4 "o!e work+!g a!d tra(e""+!g aroadK
e=p"a+! t.e ro"e a!d f0!ct+o! of a per-+tItoIwork w+t.+! a safe s)ste- of workK a!d
assess t.e ade<0ac) of e-erge!c) proced0res a!d pro(+s+o!D
Co!te!t
Ge!era" pr+!c+p"es of pre(e!t+o!$
a(o+d+!g r+sksK
e(a"0at+!g 0!a(o+da"e r+sksK
co!tro""+!g .aFards at so0rceK
adapt+!g work to t.e +!d+(+d0a"K
adapt+!g to tec.!+ca" progressK
rep"ac+!g t.e da!gero0s ) t.e "ess / !o!Ida!gero0sK
de(e"op+!g a co.ere!t pre(e!t+o! po"+c)K
g+(+!g pr+or+t) to co""ect+(e protect+(e -eas0res4 6eDgD e!g+!eer+!g co!tro": o(er
+!d+(+d0a" protect+(e -eas0res4 6eDgD perso!a" protect+o!:K co!cepts of Bsafe
p"ace9 a!d Bsafe perso!9K a!d
pro(+d+!g appropr+ate tra+!+!g4 +!for-at+o! a!d s0per(+s+o! to workers4 +!c"0d+!g
ro"e4 categor+es a!d feat0res of safet) s+g!sD
Ge!era" .+erarc.) of co!tro"$
e"+-+!at+o! / s0st+t0t+o!K
c.a!g+!g work -et.ods patter!sK
+so"at+o! / segregat+o!K
e!g+!eer+!g co!tro"K a!d
perso!a" protect+(e e<0+p-e!t 6re<0+re-e!ts4 e!ef+ts a!d "+-+tat+o!s:D
Safe s)ste-s of work
e=pectat+o! t.at t.e e-p"o)er s.o0"d pro(+de safe s)ste- of workK
ro"e of co-pete!t perso!s +! t.e de(e"op-e!t of safe s)ste-sK
+-porta!ce of worker +!(o"(e-e!t +! t.e de(e"op-e!t of safe s)ste-sK
+-porta!ce a!d re"e(a!ce of wr+tte! proced0resK
t.e d+st+!ct+o! etwee! tec.!+ca"4 proced0ra" a!d e.a(+o0ra" co!tro"sK
de(e"op-e!t of a safe s)ste- of work w+t. spec+f+c e=a-p"es of co!f+!ed spaces
a!d "o!e work+!g +! re"at+o! to s)ste-s of work$
- a!a")s+!g tasks4 +de!t+f)+!g .aFards a!d assess+!g r+sksK
- +!trod0c+!g co!tro"s a!d for-0"at+!g proced0resK
- +!str0ct+o! a!d tra+!+!g +! t.e operat+o! of t.e s)ste-K a!d
- -o!+tor+!g t.e s)ste-K
per-+tsItoIworkK
- operat+o! a!d app"+cat+o!K a!d
- t)p+ca" per-+ts a!d c+rc0-sta!ces +! w.+c. t.e) -a) e appropr+ate4
6eDgD .ot work4 work o! e"ectr+ca" s)ste-s4 -a+!te!a!ce of process
e<0+p-e!t:D
,-erge!c) proced0res N co!s+derat+o!s$
+-porta!ce of de(e"op+!g e-erge!c) proced0res +! re"at+o! to f+re4 f+rstIa+d a!d
ot.er e-erge!c+esK
pr+!c+p"es4 ro"e a!d re<0+re-e!ts of e-erge!c) -ed+ca" respo!se / f+rstIa+d
pro(+s+o!K
arra!ge-e!ts for co!tact+!g e-erge!c) a!d resc0e ser(+cesK a!d
co(erage +! re"at+o! to s.+ft work a!d geograp.+ca" "ocat+o!D
CHSS Ltd 2006 Page %& of 83
Co!f+!ed Spaces
* aker) +s ao0t to +!sta"" a "arge +!d0str+a" food -+=er t.at w+"" e c"ea!ed at t.e e!d
of eac. s.+ft ) a perso! e!ter+!g t.e -+=er to scrape off -ater+a" fro- t.e s+des a!d
aro0!d t.e -+=+!g "adeD W+t. refere!ce to t.e poss+"e .aFards assoc+ated w+t. t.e
c"ea!+!g operat+o!4 o0t"+!e t.e preca0t+o!s t.at -a) e !ecessar) for t.e perso!
c"ea!+!g t.e -+=erD
Sa-p"e A0est+o!s
' O!tline t.e factors +! t.e p.)s+ca" e!(+ro!-e!t t.at -a) ca0se a
perso! to fee" stressed at workD
68:
2 Identify t.e factors to e co!s+dered to e!s0re t.e .ea"t. a!d
safet) of perso!s w.o are re<0+red to work o! t.e+r ow!4 awa)
fro- t.e workp"aceD
68:
3 O!tline t.e -eas0res a! e-p"o)er -+g.t co!s+der to -+!+-+se
t.e r+sk of (+o"e!ce aga+!st e-p"o)eesD
68:
3 6a: O!tline t.e .aFards assoc+ated w+t. work +! co!f+!ed spacesD 66:
6: ,escribe t.e preca0t+o!s t.at -a) e !eeded w.e! a! e-pt+ed
so"(e!t degreas+!g ta!k +s to e c"ea!ed +!c"0d+!g t.e re-o(a" of
s"0dge fro- t.e otto- of t.e ta!kD
6'3:
% 6a: E*plain w+t. e=a-p"es4 t.e -ea!+!g of t.e ter- Bco!f+!ed
space9D
63:
6: ;.e +!s+de of a "arge 0!dergro0!d ta!k +s to e c"ea!ed -a!0a"")
efore +t +s ro0g.t ack +!to ser(+ceD
+: O!tline t.e factors t.at s.o0"d e take! +!to acco0!t
w.e! assess+!g t.e r+sks to e-p"o)ees 0!dertak+!g t.e
c"ea!+!g of t.e (esse"D
++: O!tline t.e e"e-e!ts of a safe s)ste- of work for t.e
c"ea!+!g operat+o!D
68:
68:
6 ,escribe t.e pract+ca" -eas0res t.at -0st e take! to e!s0re
-a+!te!a!ce work +s 0!dertake! safe") +! a! e!c"osed storage
ta!kD
68:
-a+!te!a!ce work +s 0!dertake! safe") +! a! e!c"osed storage
ta!kD
68:
-a+!te!a!ce work +s 0!dertake! safe") +! a! 0!dergro0!d
storage (esse"D
68:
& O!tline t.e factors to e co!s+dered +! t.e se"ect+o! a!d 0se of
perso!a" .ead protect+o! at workD
68:
'0 O!tline t.e factors to e co!s+dered +! t.e se"ect+o! of e)e
protect+o! for 0se at workD
68:
'' O!tline t.e factors to e co!s+dered +! t.e correct se"ect+o! of
resp+rator) protect+o! e<0+p-e!t for 0se at workD
68:
'2 O!tline t.e factors to e co!s+dered w.e! de(e"op+!g a safe
s)ste- of workD
68:
'3
O!tline t.e factors to e co!s+dered w.e! co!s+der+!g t.e
d+sp"a) of a safet) s+g! w+t.+! a work+!g e!(+ro!-e!t +! a!
atte-pt to co!tro" a r+skD
68:
'3
O!tline t.e factors to co!s+der w.e! assess+!g t.e r+sks to a
"o!g d+sta!ce "orr) dr+(erD
68:
'%
*! off+ce "ock +s ao0t to e occ0p+ed ) !ew ow!ersD
(i) Identify t.e factors t.at s.o0"d e co!s+dered ) t.e !ew
ow!ers w.e! assess+!g t.e s0+ta+"+t) of "+g.t+!g w+t. +!
t.e 0+"d+!gD
68:
(ii) 2t.er t.a! "+g.t+!g4 o!tline (O)" factors assoc+ated w+t.
t.e p.)s+ca" work+!g e!(+ro!-e!t t.at -a) affect t.e
.ea"t. a!d safet) of e-p"o)eesD
63:
(iii) O!tline t.e re<0+re-e!ts w+t. respect to t.e we"fare
fac+"+t+es t.at s.o0"d e pro(+ded +! t.e 0+"d+!gD
68:
Ho-ework A0est+o!s
Septe-er '&&&
Paper '
A0est+o! 3
6a: Identify T!O situations where a permit*to*work system would be
appropriate.
62:
6: Outline the key elements of a permit*to*work system. 66:
?ece-er '&&&
Paper '
A0est+o! 1
6a: Identify the 'WO main functions of first*aid. 62:
6: Outline the factors to consider when making an assessment of first*
aid provision in a workplace.
66:
5arc. 2000
Paper 2
A0est+o! 6
-ist EIGHT design features and . or safe practices intended to reduce the risk
of accidents on staircases used as internal pedestrian routes within work
premises.
68:
5arc. 200'
Paper '
A0est+o! ''
Identify EIGHT sources of information that might usefully be consulted when
developing a safe system of work.
68:
,"e-e!t 1
I!(est+gat+o!4 #ecord+!g
a!d #eport+!g of Hea"t.
a!d Safet) I!c+de!ts
*+-s
t.e !eed for a! orga!+sat+o! to .a(e a s)ste- for +!ter!a"") report+!g4 record+!g
a!d +!(est+gat+!g acc+de!ts4 cases of workIre"ated +""I.ea"t. a!d ot.er
occ0rre!cesK a!d
"oca" re<0+re-e!ts for !ot+f)+!g certa+! e(e!ts to e=ter!a" age!c+esD
2ject+(es
e=p"a+! t.e p0rpose of a!d proced0res for +!(est+gat+!g acc+de!ts a!d ot.er
e(e!ts at workK
0t+"+se records of acc+de!t a!d +""I.ea"t. e=per+e!ce +! a! orga!+sat+o!K a!d
e=p"a+! t.e "oca" re<0+re-e!ts for !ot+f)+!g e(e!ts to e=ter!a" age!c+esD
Co!te!t
#o"e a!d f0!ct+o! of +!(est+gat+o! of acc+de!ts4 cases of +""I.ea"t. a!d ot.er
occ0rre!cesD
8as+c +!(est+gat+o! proced0res$
+!ter(+ews4 p"a!s4 p.otograp.s4 re"e(a!t records4 c.eck"+stsK
+de!t+f)+!g +--ed+ate ca0ses 60!safe acts a!d co!d+t+o!s: a!d root or 0!der")+!g
ca0ses 6-a!age-e!t s)ste- fa+"0res:K a!d
+de!t+f)+!g re-ed+a" act+o!sD
I!ter!a" s)ste-s for co""ect+!g4 record+!g4 a!a")s+!g a!d co--0!+cat+!g dataD
#eport+!g of e(e!ts to e=ter!a" age!c+esK t)p+ca" e=a-p"es of +!j0r+es4 d+seases a!d
da!gero0s occ0rre!ces t.at -+g.t e reporta"e to e=ter!a" age!c+esD
S)!d+cate ,=erc+se
;.+s s.o0"d take )o0 ao0t t.+rt) -+!0tesD
I! t.+s ass+g!-e!t )o0 are asked to f+!+s. a part+a"") co-p"eted acc+de!t
+!(est+gat+o!D Co!s+der t.e +!for-at+o! g+(e! +! t.e s0--ar)4 sketc. a!d
+!(est+gators !otes e"ow a!d t.e! a!swer t.e <0est+o!s t.at fo""owD
S0--ar) of facts
5s S0sa! S-+t. s0sta+!ed -+!or +!j0r+es to .er "eft "eg w.e! s.e was str0ck ) a
dr0- of o+"4 w.+c. .ad fa""e! fro- a fork tr0ck dr+(e! ) 5r Ia! ;.o-asD ;.e
acc+de!t .appe!ed at '2D0% o! 5o!da) 22
!d
*0g0st 200% o0ts+de t.e doorwa)
fro- t.e 5a+! Ware.o0se to t.e ?espatc. 2ff+ceD
Sketc. of t.e Sce!e of t.e *cc+de!t
?raw! ) ? H W+""+a-s 6Safet) 2ff+cer:
I!(est+gators !otes are g+(e! o! t.e !e=t pageD
5*I7 W*#,H2CS,
?,SP*;CH 2//IC,
6D' -
S;2#*G, #*CGS
L+ft
;r0ck
?r0-
m
S-+t.
0D8-
In#estigators Notes
#his is an e)ample of the sort of factual information that would be gathered from
observation at the scene, inspection of documents and interviewing witnesses.
aterials
;.e dr0- co!ta+!ed 20% "+tres 630 ga""o!s: of "0r+cat+!g o+" a!d we+g.ed
appro=+-ate") appro=D '80 kg 6300 "s:D ;.e dr0- .ad ee! carr+ed +! a (ert+ca"
pos+t+o! o! a woode! pa""et4 w.+c. was +! good co!d+t+o!D
E5!ipment
;.e ser(+ce records of t.e forkI"+ft tr0ck were 0p to date a!d t.ere was !o record of
-ec.a!+ca" pro"e-sD *! +!spect+o! carr+ed o0t +--ed+ate") after t.e acc+de!t
re(ea"ed !o pro"e-sD
;.e doors of t.e off+ce ope! +!wards a!d t.e (+ew of t.e ware.o0se traff+c ro0te
was !ot ostr0ctedD
;.e dr0- was e+!g carr+ed o! a woode! pa""et4 w.+c. was +! good co!d+t+o!4 0t
t.e dr0- .ad !ot ee! sec0red to t.e pa""et as +s re<0+red ) Sta!dard 2perat+!g
Proced0re W/; 00%D
En#ironment
L+g.t+!g "e(e"s were ade<0ate for a traff+c area4 a""ow+!g good (+s++"+t) of .aFardsD
;.e f"oor was +! good co!d+t+o! a!d dr)D
;.e traff+c a+s"e was w+de e!o0g. to a""ow two forkI"+ft tr0cks to pass eac. ot.er a!d
to a(o+d pedestr+a!sD
;.ere were !o "+!es to +!d+cate a!d segregate pedestr+a! / (e.+c0"ar traff+c ro0tesD
;.ere were !o arr+ers o0ts+de t.e doorwa)D
;.ere were !o s+g!s +!s+de t.e doorwa) war!+!g of forkI"+ft tr0cks4 or o! t.e
ware.o0se s+de to war! dr+(ers of pedestr+a!sD
People
S-+t. .as ee! e-p"o)ed as a! ad-+!+strat+(e ass+sta!t +! t.e Ware.o0se s+!ce
H0!e '0t. 200'D S.e .as !ot s0ffered a!) pre(+o0s acc+de!ts at work a!d .ad a
!ot ee! ase!t fro- work t.ro0g. s+ck!ess s+!ce 200'D ,)ew+t!esses agreed
t.at 5s S-+t. .ad j0st "eft t.e off+ce 6appare!t") to go to "0!c.: a!d t.at s.e was
st+"" ta"k+!g to so-eo!e +!s+de w.e! t.e acc+de!t .appe!edD
;.o-as .as ee! e-p"o)ed as a ware.o0se ass+sta!t s+!ce *pr+" 8t. '&81 0t
took o! t.e d0t+es of fork tr0ck dr+(er w.e! .e ret0r!ed fro- a cert+f+cated e=ter!a"
tra+!+!g co0rse two da)s efore t.e acc+de!tD W+t!esses agreed t.at ;.o-as was
tra(e""+!g at B!or-a"9 speed a!d .ad so0!ded .+s .or! -o-e!ts efore t.e
acc+de!tD He .ad raked .ard to a(o+d .+tt+!g 5s S-+t.D ;.o-as .ad !ot ee!
+!(o"(ed +! a!) pre(+o0s acc+de!ts at work a!d .ad ee! ase!t t.ro0g. s+ck!ess
o! two occas+o!s 6+! 2002 a!d 2003: w+t. ack pa+!D
W+t. refere!ce to t.e +!for-at+o! g+(e!4 p"ease a!swer t.e fo""ow+!g <0est+o!s$
/"ote0 1ou might find it helpful to draw a fault tree2
'D W.at were t.e d+rect or +--ed+ate ca0ses of t.e acc+de!tL
2D W.at were t.e 0!der")+!g ca0sesL
3D W.at add+t+o!a" p.)s+ca" co!tro" -eas0res co0"d e p0t +! p"ace$
6a: *s a s.ortIter- -eas0re to red0ce r+skD
6: *s a poss+"e "o!g ter- so"0t+o!D
3D Were t.e appropr+ate perfor-a!ce sta!dards 6proced0res4 "aws4
etcD: co-p"+ed w+t.L
%D If .0-a! error were a co!tr+0tor) factor4 w.) d+d +t occ0r a!d .ow
co0"d +t e pre(e!ted or +ts co!se<0e!ces e red0cedL
6D Were t.e appropr+ate orga!+sat+o!a" co!tro" -eas0res 6-a!age-e!t
s)ste-s: +! p"ace4 were t.ere a!) appare!t weak!esses +f so .ow
co0"d t.e s)ste-s e +-pro(edL
Sa-p"e A0est+o!s
' *! e-p"o)ee .as ee! ser+o0s") +!j0red +! a! acc+de!t at work$
+: O!tline t.e +--ed+ate act+o!s to e take! fo""ow+!g t.e
acc+de!tD
++: O!tline t.e reaso!s w.) t.e acc+de!t s.o0"d e
+!(est+gated ) t.e e-p"o)erD
+++: Identify (O)" part+es4 ot.er t.a! t.e e-p"o)er w.o -a)
wa!t to +!(est+gate t.e acc+de!t g+(+!g reaso!s +! E%CH
caseD
66:
66:
68:
2 Gi#ing reaso!s +! E%CH case4 identify (O)" categor+es of
perso!s w.o -a) e co!s+dered a 0sef0" -e-er of a! +!ter!a"
acc+de!t +!(est+gat+o! tea-D
68:
3 O!tline t.e +--ed+ate a!d "o!ger ter- act+o!s t.at s.o0"d e
take! fo""ow+!g a ser+o0s +!j0r) acc+de!t at workD
68:
3 O!tline t.e +!for-at+o! t.at s.o0"d e +!c"0ded +! a! acc+de!t
+!(est+gat+o! reportD
68:
% O!tline t.e ke) po+!ts t.at s.o0"d e co(ered +! a tra+!+!g
sess+o! for e-p"o)ees o! t.e report+!g of acc+de!ts / +!c+de!tsD
68:
6 O!tline reaso!s w.) e-p"o)ers s.o0"d keep records of acc+de!ts
at work a!d cases of occ0pat+o!a" d+seaseD
68:
1 O!tline t.e reaso!s for report+!g acc+de!ts at workD 68:
8 6a: E*plain t.e d+ffere!ces etwee! t.e +--ed+ate ca0ses a!d t.e
root 60!der")+!g: ca0ses of a! acc+de!tD
63:
6: W+t. refere!ce to a! acc+de!t +!(o"(+!g a! operator w.o co-es
+!to co!tact w+t. a da!gero0s part of a -ac.+!e4 describe$
+: t.e poss+"e +--ed+ate ca0sesK a!d
++: t.e poss+"e root 60!der")+!g: ca0sesD
66:
& E*plain t.e reaso!s for report+!g acc+de!ts at workD 68:
'0
E*plain w.) !ot a"" acc+de!ts / +!c+de!ts -a) e reportedD
68:
'' 6a:
E*plain t.e pr+!c+p"e of t.e ?o-+!o ;.eor) +! co!d0ct+!g acc+de!t
+!(est+gat+o!D
63:
6: O!tline a -ore proIact+(e approac. to pre(e!t+!g acc+de!tsD 6%:
'2 6a:
E*plain w.) a! orga!+sat+o! s.o0"d .a(e a s)ste- for t.e
+!ter!a" report+!g of acc+de!tsD
66:
6:
Gi#e 'WO reasons w.) o!e depart-e!t -a) .a(e -ore
reported acc+de!ts t.a! a!ot.er depart-e!t o(er a spec+f+ed
per+od of t+-eD
62:
Ho-ework A0est+o!s
5arc. 2000
Paper '
A0est+o! &
6a: Give FOUR reasons why an organisation should have a system for
the internal reporting of accidents.
63:
6: Outline factors that may discourage employees from reporting
accidents at work.
63:
5arc. 200'
Paper '
A0est+o! '
* driver of a fork*lift truck has been seriously injured after the vehicle overturned.
6+: Outline the possible i##ediate causes of the accident in terms of
$OTH the behaviour of the driver A"% the conditions of the
workplace and work equipment.
63:
6++: %es&'i(e the underlying factors that may have led to the unsafe acts
or conditions identified in /i2.
63:
?ece-er 200'
Paper '
A0est+o! '
(n employee has been seriously injured after being struck by a reversing vehicle in a
loading bay.
6+: Give FOUR reasons why the accident should be investigated by the
person"s employer.
63:
6++: Outline the information that should be included in the investigation
report.
63:
6+++: Outline FOUR possible immediate causes and FOUR possible
underlying root causes of the accident.
68:
5arc. 2003
Paper '
A0est+o! 3
6a: Explain how accident data can be used to improve health and safety
performance within an organisation.
63:
6: Outline T!O proactive monitoring methods that can be used when
assessing an organisation"s health and safety performance.
63:
,"e-e!t 8
5o!+tor+!g4 #e(+ew a!d
*0d+t of Hea"t. a!d Safet)
Perfor-a!ce
*+-s
act+(e a!d react+(e .ea"t. a!d safet) -o!+tor+!g proced0resK a!d
t.e scope a!d !at0re of a .ea"t. a!d safet) a0d+tD
2ject+(es
0se a (ar+et) of act+(e a!d react+(e -o!+tor+!g proced0resK
carr) o0t a workp"ace +!spect+o! +! order to set pr+or+t+es a!d t+-e sca"es for
act+o! a!d to ass+g! act+o! po+!ts to re"e(a!t perso!!e"K
co--0!+cate +!spect+o! f+!d+!gs +! t.e for- of a! effect+(e a!d pers0as+(e
reportK
d+ffere!t+ate etwee! safet) +!spect+o!s4 sa-p"+!g a!d to0rs a!d e=p"a+! t.e+r
ro"es w+t.+! a -o!+tor+!g reg+-eK
e=p"a+! t.e p0rpose of reg0"ar re(+ews of .ea"t. a!d safet) perfor-a!ce4 t.e
-ea!s ) w.+c. re(+ews -+g.t e 0!dertake! a!d t.e cr+ter+a t.at w+""
+!f"0e!ce t.e fre<0e!c) of s0c. re(+ewsK a!d
e=p"a+! t.e -ea!+!g of t.e ter- B.ea"t. a!d safet) a0d+t9 a!d descr+e t.e
preparat+o!s t.at -a) e !eeded pr+or to a! a0d+t a!d t.e +!for-at+o! t.at
-a) e !eeded d0r+!g a! a0d+tD
Co!te!t
*ct+(e -o!+tor+!g -eas0res +!c"0d+!g t.e -o!+tor+!g of perfor-a!ce sta!dards a!d
t.e s)ste-at+c +!spect+o! of p"a!t a!d pre-+sesD
#eact+(e -o!+tor+!g -eas0res +!c"0d+!g data o! acc+de!ts4 da!gero0s occ0rre!ces
a!d !earI-+sses4 +""I.ea"t.4 co-p"a+!ts ) workforce a!d e!force-e!t act+o!D
Workp"ace +!spect+o!s$
ro"e of workp"ace +!spect+o!s$ factors go(er!+!g fre<0e!c) a!d t)pe of +!spect+o!K
co-pete!ce of +!spectorK 0se of c.eck"+stsK a""ocat+o! of respo!s++"+t+es a!d
pr+or+t+es for act+o! after +!spect+o!s a!d e=a-+!at+o!s4 "ega" or ot.erw+seK a!d
t.e re<0+re-e!ts for effect+(e report wr+t+!g 6st)"e4 str0ct0re4 e-p.as+s4
pers0as+(e!ess4 etc:D
)se of safety sampling
*+-s of perfor-a!ce re(+ewK re"e(a!ce of res0"ts of -o!+tor+!g act+(+t) to re(+ew
processD
*0d+t+!g
scope a!d p0rpose of a0d+t+!g .ea"t. a!d safet) -a!age-e!t s)ste-sK
d+st+!ct+o! etwee! a0d+ts a!d +!spect+o!sK
preIa0d+t preparat+o!s4 +!for-at+o! gat.er+!g4 !ot+f+cat+o!s a!d +!ter(+ewsK
respo!s++"+t) for a0d+tsK a!d
ad(a!tages a!d d+sad(a!tages of e=ter!a" a!d +!ter!a" a0d+tsD
5o!+tor+!g Hea"t. a!d Safet) Perfor-a!ce
I! gro0ps4 as d+rected ) )o0r t0tor4 des+g! a s+-p"e +!spect+o! c.eck"+st for a
workp"ace of )o0r c.o+ceD
Sa-p"e A0est+o!s
' O!tline t.e reaso!s w.) a! orga!+sat+o! s.o0"d -o!+tor a!d
re(+ew +ts .ea"t. a!d safet) perfor-a!ceD
68:
2 O!tline (O)" proactive -o!+tor+!g -et.ods t.at ca! e 0sed
+! assess+!g t.e .ea"t. a!d safet) perfor-a!ce of a!
orga!+sat+o!D
68:
3 E*plain .ow t.e fo""ow+!g -a) e 0sed to +-pro(e safet)
perfor-a!ce w+t.+! a! orga!+sat+o!$
+: acc+de!t data
++: safet) +!spect+o!s
63:
63:
3 State EIGH' -eas0res t.at ca! e 0sed to -o!+tor a!
orga!+sat+o!9s .ea"t. a!d safet) perfor-a!ceD
68:
% O!tline t.e -a+! co-po!e!ts of a .ea"t. a!d safet)
-a!age-e!t s)ste-D
68:
6 6a: O!tline t.e factors t.at s.o0"d e co!s+dered w.e! p"a!!+!g
a! +!spect+o! of a workp"aceD
6'0:
6: Identify +!for-at+o! t.at s.o0"d e +!c"0ded +! a report of a
workp"ace +!spect+o!D ,=p"a+! .ow t.e +!for-at+o! s.o0"d e
prese!ted +! order to +!crease t.e "+ke"+.ood of act+o! e+!g
take!D
6'0:
1 E*plain t.e -a+! feat0res of$
6a: * safet) +!spect+o!D 63:
6: * safet) a0d+tD 63:
8 6a: O!tline t.e factors t.at s.o0"d e co!s+dered w.e! p"a!!+!g a
.ea"t. a!d safet) +!spect+o! of a workp"aceD
6'0:
6: Identify t.e +!for-at+o! t.at s.o0"d e +!c"0ded +! a report of a
workp"ace +!spect+o!4 e*plaining .ow t.e +!for-at+o! s.o0"d
e prese!ted +! order to +!crease t.e "+ke"+.ood of act+o! e+!g
take!D
6'0:
& O!tline t.e -et.ods t.at -a) e 0sed to assess a!
orga!+sat+o!s .ea"t. a!d safet) perfor-a!ceD
68:
Ho-ework A0est+o!s
?ece-er '&&&
Paper '
A0est+o! ''
State EIGHT measures that can be used to monitor an organisation"s health
and safety performance.
68:
5arc. 2000
Paper '
A0est+o! %
Outline FOUR proactive monitoring methods that can be used in assessing
the health and safety performance of an organisation.
68:
5arc. 200'
Paper '
A0est+o! ''
Identify EIGHT measures that could be used by an organisation in order to
monitor its health and safety performance.
68:
Septe-er 200'
Paper '
A0est+o! '
( production manager intends to implement a programme of regular workplace
inspections.
6+: Outline the factors that should be considered when planning the
inspection programme.
66:
6++: State the main health and safety issues that might be included on the
inspection checklist
68:
6+++: +ther than inspections, outline THREE proactive methods of
monitoring health and safety performance.
66:
H0!e 2003
Paper '
A0est+o! '
(n employer intends to implement a programme of regular workplace inspections
following a workplace accident.
6+: Outline the factors that should be considered when planning such
inspections.
66:
6++: Outline THREE additional proactive methods that could be used in the
monitoring of health and safety performance.
66:
6+++: Identify the possible costs to the organisation as a result of the
accident.
68:
Notes

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