LESSON 4: THE MAKING OF A LEADER

TOPICS:
1. Birth and Genealogy
I. Birth of Jose Rizal
II. Jose Rizals Ancestors
III. The Rizal Family
2. Childhood
I. Childhood Memories in Calamba
II. 3 Uncles who Influenced Rizals personal development
III. Influences on Heros Boyhood
IV. Private Tutors
V. Rizal in Bian
VI. Factors that awakened Rizals Nationalism


Birth and Genealogy
Jose Rizals Profile:
Full name : Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado Y Alonso Realonda
Date of Birth : June 19, 1861
Place of Birth : Calamba, Laguna
Date of Baptism : June 22, 1861
Baptizing Priest : Fr. Rufino Collantes
Godfather : Fr. Pedro Casaas

Jose Rizals Ancestors
PATERNAL
Domingo Lamco (Chinese merchant) Ines de la Rosa (Chinese mestiza)

Francisco (became a Municipal captain of Bian and adopted the surname, Mercado) Bernarda Monicha (Chinese mestiza)



Juan Cirilia Alejandrino (Chinese mestiza) Clemente





Francisco Mercado
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MATERNAL


Lakandula (the last king of Tondo)

Eugenio Ursua (a Japanese) Benigna

Regina Manuel de Quintos (Filipino-Chinese Lawyer)

Brigida Lorenzo Alberto Alonso




Teodora Alonso


The Rizal Family

Ancestry : Negrito, Indonesian, Malay, Chinese, Japanese, Spanish

Origin of Joses Surname:
Mercado : original surname, adopted in 1731 by Domingo Lam-co; Mercado means Market
Rizal : adopted by Don Francisco; Rizal came from the word Ricial which means green field or new pasture; Jose was the first who
used Rizal as a surname when he studied in Ateneo.
Realonda : when Doa Teodora was baptized, her godmothers surname was added to her name (Realonda), and later to Joses. Hence, his
name is Jose Protacio Mercado Rizal Y Alonso Realonda.

Parents:
Father : Francisco Mercado he was a man of few words, dignified and hospitable. He studied in Colegio de San Jose in Manila.
Mother : Teodora Alonso she had the most striking personality in the family circle, due to her intelligence, her upbringing and
disposition. A well-read person, she knew literature and had good knowledge of mathematics. He studied in the College of
Santa Rosa.

Siblings : Saturnina, Paciano, Narcisa, Olympia, Lucia, Maria, Jose, Concepcion, Josefa, Trinidad, Soledad


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Characteristics of Rizal Family and Home:
1. One of the well-to-do families in Calamba, highly esteemed and respected. They possessed wealth, culture, hospitality and charm.
2. Rizals home was a wholesome one, characterized by sound environment, abundant resources, and virtuous/religious family.
3. The sisters of Rizal did not become prominent in occupying important public positions. But they were greatly responsible for the solidarity of the
family, giving Rizal moral and spiritual support the heroic mission that dominated their lives.

Childhood
Childhood Memories in Calamba
1. Happy days in the family garden
2. The daily Angelus prayer
3. The stories related by his aya (maid)
4. The nocturnal walk in the town
5. His first sorrow (death of Concepcion)
6. His closeness with his brother, Paciano (almost regarded the latter as his second father)
7. The Story of the Moth (a story that left a fondest impression on him)
8. at the age of 3, he began to join family prayers
9. at the age of 5, he was able to read the family bible

3 Uncles who Influenced Rizals personal development
1. Uncle Gregorio looked after the development of Rizals innate mental ability
2. Uncle Jose developed his artistic ability and talents in sculpture, sketching and painting
3. Uncle Manuel looked after the physical development of Rizal through sports

Influences on Heros Boyhood
1. Hereditary Influence
2. Environmental influence
3. Aid of Divine Providence

Private Tutors
1. Doa Teodora from her, Jose learned family prayers and Spanish alphabet
2. Maestro Celestino
3. Maestro Lucas Padua
4. Leon Monroy classmate of Don Francisco, he gave Rizal his first lessons in Latin
5. Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz teacher of Rizal in Bian



Rizal in Bian
Teacher : Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz
Experiences : 1. His first brawl
2. He took free lessons in drawing and painting under Juancho
3. Finished his early education

Factors that awakened Rizals Nationalism
1. The Detention of Teodora Alonso
2. Racial Discrimination
3. Spanish Brutalities/Abuses
4. The Cavite Mutiny in 1872


References:
Rizal His Legacy to Philippine Society by Cecilio D. Duka and Rowena A. Pila pages 25-32
Rizal The Greatest Filipino Hero by Anacoreta P. Purino pages 9-12
Rizal and the Development of Filipino Nationalism: A Textbook on the Life, Works, and Writings of our National hero pages 55-63