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operating
system plays an increasingly important
role in Nokia Siemens Networks
products. Linux
,
which in its side manages the complete
network, from services delivered across
radio, transport and core.
Open Core System
MSS
MGW
STP
GGSN
CSCF
HSS
VoIP Server
PCRF
S-GW
Open Core System
Open Core SW Applications
HLR
SGSN
MME
P-GW
Interworking
Support Systems
Charging OAM
Provisioning/
Subscriber data
PLMN
PSTN
xSP
SS7
Wireless and Wired
Access Networks
3G
LTE
GSM
RNC
BSC
IP DSLAN
MSAN
The Open Core
System simplifies
Core Network
infrastructure and
operations
Picture 5 Open Core System simplifies Core Network infrastructure and operations
Around 300 mobile operators
who have deployed core products
from Nokia Siemens Networks
can now easily take the
advantages of the flexibility, cost
efficiency and environmental
sustainability offered through our
Open Core system.
6
7 Open Core System White Paper
Also, the management of spare parts
stock and additional traffic capacity
parts are greatly simplified, due to the
dramatic reduction of the number of
different HW blade variants at the
Open Core System.
The Open Core System also allows
many simplifications to the setup and
maintenance procedures of the core
network elements, such as: self
configuration, self optimization, self
healing and energy saving, which
reduces its TCO.
Evolution and Revolution
Replacing all the existing equipment
could be the most revolutionary way
to simplify the network and to drive
energy efficiency, however it is also
very expensive and risky. The best
approach is a smooth evolution,
meaning a renewal of the network in
phases. The key for a smooth evolution
is a software package that makes
applications HW agnostic and thus
enables same software to run on both
legacy and latest state-of-the-art
platforms.
The introduction of the Open Core
System to any Core Network is
an evolutionary step towards:
simplification, modernization
and environmentally sustainable
telecommunications business for
the CSP.
As well, some revolutionizing
innovations are made available by the
Open Core System approach, for
instance to list a few:
All common components of a
modern Core Network in a single
and synergic COTS ATCA HW
environment.
Possibility to balance traffic capacity
between legacy traffic demand and
new technologies traffic demand
within the same Open Core System.
CS voice network
modernization and expansion
Ensuring end-user satisfaction
while reducing cost
The three most important requirements
to the Circuit Switched voice networks
of today are:
Cost efficient and reliable delivery
of CS services
A rich set of standard and tailored
features developed over many
years
Enabling a smooth evolution to the
future access and core technologies
The Nokia Siemens Networks Open
Core System delivers on all three of
these requirements with a unique
and unbeatable advantage on top:
Operators can smoothly modernize or
expand the capacity of their existing
network by adding new cost efficient
technology while fully maintaining the
same end-user service experience
throughout the network. Due to the
long development history of the CS
core network features the application
software is especially valuable in this
part of the network. With the Nokia
Siemens Networks Open Core System
this value is well protected and thus
CSPs need to wait no longer to start
saving cost.
Taking flexibility to the next level
The 3GPP Rel-4 network architecture
was developed in order to provide
CSPs the flexibility to place and scale
user plane and control plane capacity Picture 6: Complete Core Network in a single and synergic Open Core System.
Going Nokia Siemens Networks Open Core System enables OPEX
optimization and smooth and efficient CAPEX:
Footprint reduction : up to 80%
Plug-in units number reduction : up to 80%
Energy reduction : up to 40%
Source: Nokia Siemens Networks Open Core System TCO calculator.
7
8 Open Core System White Paper
separately achieving great cost
efficiency. Nokia Siemens Networks
takes this flexibility and cost efficiency
to a whole new level when offering the
same HW platform for both the MSC
Server and the Media Gateway.
Initial network deployment can be
optimized using minimum floor space
as even the same cabinet can be
used for both MSC Server and Media
Gateway. This makes it possible to fully
utilize every cabinet according to the
exact traffic profile and if needed even
re-balance user plane and control plane
resources within existing cabinets when
traffic requirements change.
Another aspect of the flexibility of the
Open Core System, enabled by the
Open Core Software Architecture, is
the guaranteed functional equivalence
between the ATCA based and the Nokia
Siemens Networks proprietary HW
MSC Servers and Media Gateways
allowing operators to, for example,
modernize first the control plane layer
and only later the user plane layer.
Managing a cost efficient
voice transformation to VoIP
In mobile history, the voice service
has been the major focus for network
design and is thus inherently part of
the entire system. The possibility to
gradually migrate all operators voice
services from 2G and 3G to a single
Voice over LTE (VoLTE) network
will drive down network operating
expenditure (OPEX), justifying the
required technology investments.
Nokia Siemens Networks award
winning approach to introduce VoIP/
VoLTE services by a simple software
upgrade to an MSS system allows
re-using the full CS infrastructure,
including the voice service engine and
OSS/BSS integration.
Operators interested in introducing new
services such as Rich Communication
Suite and full Multimedia telephony for
all accesses (fixed, cable, mobile) can
easily implement the IMS functionality
into an already installed Open Core
System via software update. New
hardware needs to be added on
blade or shelf level only if required by
forecasted traffic volumes. When, over
time, more IMS traffic needs to be
handled, the Open Core capacity can
also easily be reconfigured by SW
update to allow the transfer of capacity
from the Open MSS to the Open IMS
application.
Interconnect transformation
with future proof technology
The industry is in a transformation
process from TDM based voice
interconnections to IP based voice
interconnections. Cost savings is one
of the very important targets of this
transformation and the Open Core
System is fully designed to bring the
needed efficiency.
Already today the Nokia Siemens
Networks MSC Server System and
Signaling Transfer Point support a
rich set of national and international
gateway features. This proven legacy,
combined with the ATCA HW benefits
provides a compelling reason to deploy
the Open Transit Routing Server and
Signaling Application Manager to take
care of the interconnect traffic even if
still on TDM for a while.
With all the required capabilities for
IP based interconnections already
supported in the first phase, the
investment is safe when moving to IP,
as the main functionalities such as
transcoding resources can be fully
re-used. Furthermore, the evolution of
the Open Core System will bring even
more benefits as the integration of
Interconnect Border Control and Border
Gateway functions required for IP based
interconnects will be possible resulting
in a simple network architecture, the
lowest expenditure and maximum
protection of investments.
Nokia Siemens Networks also
foresees that a common interconnect
architecture for traditional CS voice,
VoIP, VoLTE, RCS and multimedia will
be the most cost efficient, especially
when this will be possible using the
Nokia Siemens Networks Open Core
system.
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9 Open Core System White Paper
Packet
Core
Internet &
Content and
Service
Networks
BTS
NodeB RNC
BSC
2G/3G
2G/3G & LTE
BTS
NodeB RNC
BSC
Internet &
Content and
Service
Networks
Smartphones,
Laptops
eNodeB
Operators can reuse the
modernized Packet Core for
LTE by software upgrade.
Smartphones,
Laptops
PCRF
GGSN
SGSN
HSS
PCRF
GGSN
S/P-GW
SGSN
MME
Picture 7: Modernized Packet Core and the Path to Evolved Packet Core
ensure superior end user experience
and manage network resource usage
to maximize their revenues.
Operators who want to modernize their
mobile packet core networks to be
prepared for future traffic growth by
deploying Nokia Siemens Networks
EPC products can introduce the LTE
functionality (MME and S/P-GW) by a
simple software upgrade onto the
existing hardware including OSS/BSS
integration and additional core
functionality like HSS and PCRF.
In case of increasing traffic and more
and more subscribers being migrated
from 2G/3G to LTE, Nokia Siemens
Networks EPC can be flexibly
reconfigured by software to meet the
changing demand in capacity and
signaling traffic.
Mobile broadband with
modernized Packet Core
network
The Nokia Siemens Networks
solution for Mobile Packet Core
addresses increased traffic and
smartphone signaling demand, while
lowering the operators Total Cost of
Ownership (TCO). The Nokia Siemens
Networks products for modernized
2G/3G PS Core and new Evolved
Packet Core (EPC) use a unique
design based on the open Advanced
Telecommunications Computing
Architecture (ATCA) platform to
achieve lower cost, higher performance
and superior flexibility.
The key components playing an
essential role in supporting next-
generation mobile broadband are
Network Server (SGSN / MME) and
Network Gateway (GGSN / S/P-GW).
With convincing capacity in throughput,
subscriber density and signaling,
operators are able to manage the data
traffic explosion and millions of smart
devices. Combined with unparalleled
service intelligence, operators can
Nokia Siemens Networks Open
Core System has been running in
live networks since 2010, with the
first depolyment, in NTT DoCoMo
Xi LTE network, taken into
commercial use in December of
the same year.
9
10 Open Core System White Paper
Communications market is pushing CSPs to require more open and flexible
platforms to provide secure evolution path and further increase networked value
creation also beyond the basic services.
With Nokia Siemens Networks Open Core System all common components of a Core
Network can be installed and scaled up at a single and synergic COTS ATCA HW
environment.
Open Core Software Architecture is HW agnostic enabling same software to be run on
both legacy and latest state-of-the-art platforms
Open Core Software Architecture offers flexibility and scalability in case of changing
and evolving requirements, has lower TCO and it also helps achieving economies of
scale for new applications.
Nokia Siemens Networks Open Core System is compliant with all defined Core
Network standard interfaces. It is a perfect evolutionary step towards simplification,
modernization and environmentally sustainable telecommunication business.
Nokia Siemens Networks approach to the revolution is a smooth evolution - renewing
the network in phases and enabling existing installed base and new equipment
capture value together.
Nokia Siemens Networks whitepaper
Enabling mobile broadband growth Evolved Packet Core
Single RAN made simple - managing site and frequency evolution to tomorrows mobile
broadband world
Conclusions
References
10
11 Open Core System White Paper
3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
AMC Advanced Mezzanine Card
ATCA Advanced Telecom Computing Architecture
BSC Base Station controler
BSS Business Support Systems
CAPEX Capital Expenditure
COTS ATCA Commercial Off the Shelf ATCA
CPU Central Processing Unit
CS Circuit Switched
CSCF Call Session Control Function
CSP Communication Service Provider
DfE Design for Environment
DSLAM Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer
DSP Digital Signal Processor
EPC Evolved Packet Core
GGSN Gateway GPRS Support Node
GPRS General Packet Radio System
HLR Home Location Register
HSS Home Subscriber Server
HW Hardware
IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem
IT Information Technology
LTE Long Term Evolution
MGW Media Gateway
MME Mobility Management Entity
MSAN Multi-service Access Node
MSS Mobile Switching Center Server
NPU Network Processor
NVS NSN Mobile VoIP Server
OAM Operations and Maintenance
OPEX Operational Expenditure
OSS Operations Support Systems
P-GW Packet Data Network Gateway
PCRF Policy and Charging Rules Function
PCS Policy Control Server
RNC Radio Network Controller
PLMN Public Land Mobile Network
PS Packet Switched
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
RCS Rich Communication Suite
S-GW Serving Gateway
SAM Signaling Application Manager
SDM Subscriber Data Management
SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node
STP Signaling Transfer Point
TCO Total Cost of Ownership
TDM Time-Division Multiplexing
VoIP Voice over IP
VoLTE Voice over LTE
Abbreviations
11
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All rights reserved.
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mentioned for identification purposes only.
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described herein are subject to availability and change without
notice.