Draft Technical Bulletin 234-2013-Draft v1 - 00

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Protection of High Hazard
Storage (HHS)
confgurations
Replaces or supplements: 6.3.2 [TAB 6.3.2 to TB234.5.], Table 2
TB22!.3.1 [TAB table 2 to TB234 and delete TB22!.3.1], ".2 [TAB ".2
to TB234.5.], Table 4 TB22!.3.2 [TAB table 4 to TB234.5. and
delete TB22!.3.2], Table 5 TB22!.3.3 [TAB table 5 to TB234.5. and
delete TB22!.3.3], 11.1.3 [TAB 11.1.3 to TB234.4.21.] 11.2.2 #ote 2
[TAB to TB234.4.4.], 12.5 [TAB to TB234.5.], 13.4.4 [TAB to
TB22!.3.8 remo$e opt%on &or '8( )eads at 2.( bar &rom TB22!.3.8],
Anne* +.5 [TAB to TB234.4.14.], Anne* +." [TAB to ]
,RA-T.#+ #/T0: 1re2 TAB notes abo$e to be remo$ed upon
publ%cat%on and tabs %ncorporated as %nd%cated %n mar1%ns o& B3 0#
te*t.
TB234.1. Introduction
T)%s Tec)n%cal Bullet%n spec%4es t)e re5u%rements &or t)e protect%on o& $ar%ous
6%1) 6a7ard 3tora1e con41urat%ons us%n1 a 89ontrol :ode ,ens%t2 Area; or
89:,A; approac).
Tec)n%cal Bullet%n TB235
1
spec%4es re5u%rements &or t)e 9ontrol :ode 3pec%4c
Appl%cat%on <9:3A= approac) to protect%on o& )%1) )a7ard stora1e r%s>s. /& t)e
des%1n approac)es TB234 and TB2350rror: Re&erence source not &ound,
?)%c)e$er %s selected s)ould be &ollo?ed %n %ts ent%ret2.
Tec)n%cal Bullet%n TB234 or TB235 s)ould be appl%ed ?)ere t)e )a7ard
class%4cat%on %s e5ual to or 1reater t)an 6631. T)ese TBs are not appl%cable to
/6 r%s>s %nclud%n1 perm%tted amounts o& stora1e, %n suc) cases see B3 0# 12845
clause 6.2.2 and ot)er rele$ant clauses. T)ese TBs are not appl%cable to 6%1)
6a7ard @rocess r%s>s.
,es%1n deta%ls are 1%$en %n t)e sect%on TB234.4. ent%tled A,es%1n 9)aracter%st%csB
%n relat%on to t)e &ollo?%n1 commonl2 obser$ed des%1n c)allen1es:
3pr%n>ler )ead select%on
9e%l%n1 clearance
Areas protected b2 ce%l%n1 le$el spr%n>lers onl2
Areas protected b2 ce%l%n1 le$el and .ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers
6ouse>eep%n1
,r2 and alternate s2stems
3ol%d or slatted s)el$es
Brac>et%n1 and p%pe ?or> supports
1
.ntended &or &uture publ%cat%on
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:e77an%nes, plat&orms, ducts
-lues
9e%l%n1 slope
/$ers%7e Dues
9e%l%n1 clearance &or 1oods stored abo$e t)e uppermost le$el o&
%ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers
@rotect%on o& rac>Cends
Areas o& d%Eer%n1 des%1n dens%t2
@rotect%on o& structural steel ?or>
F.nc%dentalF stora1e
.dle @allets <?ooden pallets plast%c pallets=
Bloc> separat%on and a%sle ?%dt)s
Bul>)eads
BaGes and ?ater s)%elds
Hent%lat%on I 3mo>e Hents
Hent%lat%on I -orced and 6HJ3 <6%1) $olume lo? speed=
-le*%ble p%pes and Ko%nts to %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>ler arra2s
#umber o& %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>ler )eads per $al$e set
<replaces B3 0# 11.1.3 %dent%cal to rele$ant part o& TB22!.3."=
,eta%led e*ample o& spr%n>ler )ead locat%ons
3pr%n>ler 1uards <%dent%cal to B3 0# clause 14.6=
,%mens%ons and 3pr%n>ler )ead locat%ons <replaces B3 0# 12.5=
3pr%n>ler )ead obstruct%ons
@reCcalculated s2stems
T)%s Tec)n%cal Bullet%n spec%4es t)e protect%on des%1n re5u%rements &or t)e
&ollo?%n1 stora1e con41urat%ons:
-ree stand%n1 or bloc> stora1e
3%n1le and double ro? Beam @allet Rac>%n1 con41urat%ons
:ult%ple ro? rac> stora1e
,ouble deep pallet rac>%n1
A,r%$e %nB, A-lo? t)rou1)B and Apus) bac>B rac>%n1
@ost pallets I 3%n1le :ult%ple ro?s
9ant%le$er rac>%n1 <lon1 %tems=
3ol%d or slatted s)el$%n1 con41urat%ons
3ol%d or slatted s)el$es 1 m or less deep <a%sle to a%sle=
3ol%d or slatted s)el$es o& 1reater t)an 1 m and no more t)an 2.8 m
deep <a%sle to a%sle=
3ol%d or slatted s)el$es 1reater t)an 2.8 m deep <a%sle to a%sle=
9arpet stora1e
#onC?o$en s2nt)et%c &abr%c stora1e
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TB234.2. How to deterine if this TB a!!"ies
,eterm%ne t)e storage category o& t)e stored 1oods. T)%s process needs to be
completed &or eac) t2pe or area o& stora1e ?%t)%n t)e prem%ses. 3ee -%1ure 1.
#igure 1 $ %eterine whether this TB a!!"ies
&oentar' and (ecoendations on TB234.2.
L)ere no e5u%$alent e*amples are 1%$en, appropr%ate &ull scale 4re test e$%dence
must be sou1)t. L)ere t)e a$a%lable 4re test e$%dence %s not appl%cable, %t ma2
be necessar2 to underta>e appropr%ate &ull scale 4re test%n1 to ensure des%1n
ade5uac2.
TB234.3. %efnitions
Aisle I space bet?een rac>s o& stora1e, o&ten used to pro$%de access to t)e
stora1e. NB: Aisles less than 600mm wide are to be considered as fues for the
purposes of this document.
Storage Category I 9lass%4cat%on s2stem <., .., ..., .H= used to e*press t)e 4re
)a7ard o& stored 1oods, ?)%c) cons%ders mater%al combust%b%l%t2, pac>%n1 and
stora1e con41urat%on
ncidental Storage ! adC)oc stora1e suc) as ?or> %n pro1ress %n manu&actur%n1 ,
assembl2 or process areas, ?)%c) ma2 not ot)er?%se be cons%dered as 663 r%s>
Ceiling clearance C d%stance &rom t)e top o& t)e stora1e bloc> <measured &rom
t)e ma*%mum allo?able )e%1)t o& t)e bloc> to t)e ce%l%n1 spr%n>ler deDectors=.
Bul"head ! A sol%d and cont%nuous 4re res%st%n1 part%t%on meet%n1 at least t)e
rat%n1 0uroclass A1 or A2 .
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#allet load I /ne s%n1le pallet load o& 1oods.
$ori%ontal support I T)e support pro$%ded to stored un%ts. T)%s ma2 be an2t)%n1
pro$%d%n1 t)e means o& support: beams, s)el&, slats, ra%ls, runners, Door, )an1er,
etc. Jo?er un%t<s= o& stored 1oods ma2 also pro$%de support to un%ts stored abo$e
but are e*cluded &rom t)%s de4n%t%on.
#ote: Accord%n1 to t)e 1eometr2 and nature o& stored un%ts t)ere ma2 as a result
be an2 number o& un%ts )%1) per hori%ontal support, ?%t)%n t)e constra%nts o& t)e
re5u%rements o& t)%s document.
Special $a%ard I 3ee TB21".A.1 and as appropr%ate.
&ongitudinal fue I clear $ert%cal space t)rou1) stored 1oods or%entated parallel
to t)e normal load%n1 a%sle, ?)%c) read%l2 perm%ts rap%d r%se o& )ot 1ases t)rou1)
con$ect%on and ?ater to penetrate <see TB234.4.".=.
'rans(erse fue C clear $ert%cal space t)rou1) stored 1oods or%entated
perpend%cular to t)e normal load%n1 a%sle, ?)%c) read%l2 perm%ts rap%d r%se o& )ot
1ases t)rou1) con$ect%on and ?ater to penetrate <see TB234.4.".=.
&oentar' and (ecoendations on the ter )Tier*
T)e term 8T%er; %s ?%del2 used %n an attempt to descr%be Ale$elsB o& stora1e.
6o?e$er as t)%s term %s %ncompletel2 de4ned and o?%n1 to t)e c)an1%n1 nature
o& stored 1oods %t %s no? cons%dered redundant term. .nstead, t)e des%1n
concepts %n t)%s document ?)%c) ?ould pre$%ousl2 )a$e made use o& t)e ?ord
tier are no? descr%bed %n terms o& $ert%cal d%stances, )or%7ontal supports and %n
some cases l%m%tat%ons upon t)e stored 1oods.
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TB234.4. %esign &haracteristics
T)%s sect%on spec%4es $ar%ous re5u%rements &or des%1n o& spr%n>ler protect%on
s2stems &or 663 occupanc%es.
&oentar' and (ecoendations on TB234.4.
T)%s sect%on %s %ntended to pro$%de clar%4cat%on and %llustrat%on o& des%1n po%nts
t)at )a$e commonl2 been &ound to cause d%Mcult%es %n spr%n>ler protect%on
des%1n.
TB234.4.1. S!rin+"er head se"ection
3pr%n>lers s)all be selected %n accordance ?%t) Table TB2(".T1 <2(13 update I
see end o& t)%s doc=
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
CCCCCCCCCCCC
[TB2(1.T1 to be updated to %nclude:
Table TB2(1.T1 3pr%n>ler @roducts and assembl%es
&o!onent Standard Status ,P& (u"es ref
3pr%n>lers <0#
12845:2((!=
B3 0# 1225!C1 6armon%sed
3tandard
B3 0# clause 14
3pr%n>lers <J@9
RulesN=
J@3 1(3! <"= 3pr%n>lers outs%de
t)e scope o& 0#
1225!C1 <6=
TB2(!, TB222
3pr%n>lers <J@9
RulesN=<8=
-: 9lass 2((( <"= 3pr%n>lers outs%de
t)e scope o& 0#
1225!C1 <6=
TB234
#ote 6: A number o& spr%n>lers t2pes ?)%c) are be2ond t)e scope o& 0# 12845:
2((! are %n common usa1e ?%t) t)e J@9 Rules &or automat%c spr%n>ler
%nstallat%ons, see TB2(", 03-R <TB2(!=, 0@09 <TB222= and 9:,A spr%n>lers as
spec%4ed &or 663 %n TB234.
#ote ": /r e5u%$alent spec%4cat%on
#ote 8: T)e &ollo?%n1 spr%n>ler t2pes are perm%ss%ble as re5u%red b2 TB234 and
re&erence parts:
9ontrol :ode 3tandard 3pra2 3pr%n>lers <'115= &or ce%l%n1 use
9ontrol :ode Rac> 3tora1e 3pr%n>ler <'115= &or %n rac> use
9ontrol :ode ,ens%t2OArea 3pr%n>lers <'16(, '2((, '24(= &or ce%l%n1 use
0nd TB2(1.T1 update]
TB234.4.2. &ei"ing c"earance
9e%l%n1 clearance %s to be measured &rom t)e top o& t)e ma*%mum allo?ed
stora1e )e%1)t to t)e ce%l%n1 spr%n>ler deDectors.
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&oentar' . (ecoendations on TB234.4.2.
0*cess%$e ce%l%n1 clearance %s >no?n to )a$e an ad$erse eEect on spr%n>ler
s2stem per&ormance. /bser$ed ad$erse p)enomena ma2 %nclude:
.ncreased t%me to 4rst spr%n>ler )ead operat%on.
0*cess%$e ?ater At)ro?B &rom 4rst )ead<s= to operate
,%srupt%on o& ?ater d%str%but%on b2 con$ect%on currentsO4re plume
,%srupt%on o& con$ect%on currentsO4re plume b2 spr%n>ler ?ater
o$ers)oot
,ela2ed subse5uent spr%n>ler )ead operat%on
3pr%n>ler )ead As>%pp%n1B <nonCse5uent%al operat%on o& )eads=
.ncreased potent%al &or uncontrolled 4re
/reas !rotected 0' cei"ing "e1e" s!rin+"ers on"'
@erm%ss%ble ce%l%n1 clearances are spec%4ed %n eac) o& t)e sect%ons %n TB234.5.
deta%l%n1 spr%n>ler protect%on &or t)e 1%$en stora1e con41urat%ons and %n no case
s)all e*ceed 4.( m.
L)ere ce%l%n1 clearance e*ceeds t)e perm%tted d%stance, one o& t)e &ollo?%n1
m%t%1at%n1 measures s)all be ta>en:
Pse o& su%table rac> stora1e ?%t) %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers <and
?%t) a ro? o& %ntermed%ate le$el %nC rac> spr%n>lers d%rectl2 abo$e t)e top
le$el o& rac>ed stora1e=
A nonCcombust%ble &alse ce%l%n1 or me77an%ne s)all be %nstalled abo$e t)e
stora1e ?%t) spr%n>ler protect%on abo$e and belo?, to reduce t)e eEect%$e
ce%l%n1 clearance. 9e%l%n1 stren1t) to be suMc%ent to ?%t)stand a 5( #Om
2

updra&t
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TB234.4.3. House+ee!ing
&oentar' and (ecoendations on TB234.4.3.
+ood )ouse>eep%n1 o& ?are)ouse and stora1e &ac%l%t%es %s essent%al to ensur%n1
t)e 4re r%s> does not s%1n%4cantl2 alter and t)ere&ore poss%bl2 render t)e 4re
suppress%on s2stem des%1n unsu%table.
0*per%ence )as s)o?n t)at problems commonl2 occur %n respect o&:
C AdC)oc stora1e at or near t)e ends o& a%sles.
C 9)an1es to stora1e con41urat%on <e.1. c)an1es %n stora1e le$els ?%t)%n rac>s or
parts o& rac> t)at ma2 lea$e e*%st%n1 spr%n>lers e*posed to %mpact dama1e or
obstructed b2 t)e stored 1oods=.
C 9)an1es to nature o& stored 1oods
C Batter2 c)ar1ers at or near stora1e
-urt)er 1u%dance %s 1%$en %n R918 8Recommendat%ons -or -%re 3a&et2 .n
Lare)ouses; .
TB234.4.4. %r' and a"ternate s'stes
,r2 and alternate s2stems <alternate s2stems are no lon1er perm%tted %n ne?
%nstallat%ons to t)e J@9 Rules= s)ould be a$o%ded. 3)ould %t nonet)eless be
necessar2 to %nstall a s2stem t)at can operate %n t)e dr2 mode, t)e area o&
operat%on s)ould be %ncreased b2 25Q.
.ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers s)all al?a2s be %nstalled %n t)e ?et mode.
TB234.4.-. Brac+eting and !i!e wor+ su!!orts
3ee B3 0# clause 1".2
TB234.4.2. 3ezzanines4 !"atfors4 ducts
3ee B3 0# clause 12.4.1(
TB234.4.5. #"ues
T)e re5u%rements &or Dues $ar2 b2 stora1e con41urat%on. 3ee eac) rele$ant
3tora1e 9on41urat%on sect%on %n TB234.5..
-or bloc> stora1e con41urat%ons <TB234.5.1.= t)ere are no re5u%rements spec%4ed
re1ard%n1 t)e m%n%mum s%7e and )or%7ontal d%stance bet?een Due spaces &or t)%s
t2pe o& stora1eR )o?e$er, arran1e stora1e suc) t)at Due spaces t)at are
pro$%ded are not bloc>ed &rom ?ater penetrat%on.
3ee also TB234.4.8..
TB234.4.6. 71ersize 8ues
L)ere Due ?%dt)s e*ceed 6((mm bet?een stora1e rac>s or stora1e
arran1ements t)en eac) rac> or arran1ement s)all be treated as a s%n1le ro?
and protected accord%n1l2 ?%t) %ts o?n %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>ler
protect%on.
3ee also TB234.4."..
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TB234.4.9. &ei"ing s"o!e
9e%l%n1 slopes s)all not e*ceed 1(S <1".6Q= 1rad%ent.
.n %nstallat%ons ?)ere t)e spec%4ed slope %s e*ceeded, t)e &ollo?%n1 alternat%$e
solut%ons ma2 be cons%dered &or use:
T .ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers protect%on %nclud%n1 protect%on abo$e
t)e uppermost le$el o& stora1e s)all be used.
T T)e %mpact upon t)e area o& operat%on o& t)e spr%n>ler s2stem s)all be
ta>en %n to cons%derat%on and pro$%s%on &or t)e area adKusted accord%n1l2.
T)e %nsurer <and aut)or%t2, %& appl%cable= s)all be consulted upon t)e
acceptab%l%t2 o& t)e proposed des%1n solut%on on a caseCb2Ccase bas%s.
TB234.4.1:. Protection of rac+$ends
0*tens%on and mod%4cat%ons <suc) as @, <p%c>%n1 and d%str%but%on= stat%ons=
s)all be protected as per t)e re1%me used to protect t)e rac>.
TB234.4.11. /reas of di;ering design densit'
L)ere d%Eerent ce%l%n1 or roo& protect%on des%1n dens%t%es are used %n t)e same
compartment <%.e. attr%butable to d%Eerent )a7ard c)aracter%st%cs beneat)=, t)e
most onerous dens%t2 s)all be o$er)un1 <e*tend be2ond t)e actual c)an1e %n
)a7ard boundar2= b2 one spr%n>ler p%tc).
.n underta>%n1 t)e )2draul%c calculat%ons, t)e des%1ner s)all al?a2s ensure t)at
all potent%al A:A/s are ?%t)%n t)e per&ormance capab%l%t%es o& t)e ?ater suppl%es.
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TB234.4.12. Protection of structura" stee" wor+
9ommentar2 and Recommendat%on on TB234.4.12.
.n add%t%on to t)e obl%1ator2 statutor2 re5u%rements to 1uard a1a%nst structural
collapse, t)e &ollo?%n1 1u%dance %s oEered: L)ere columns are s%ted ?%t)%n
stora1e p%les and are not ?%t)%n spr%n>ler protected Due, structural columns o&
less t)an 2 )ours 4re res%stance, amon1st t)e stora1e, s)ould )a$e pro$%s%on &or
cool%n1 spra2s &rom small or%4ce narro? an1le sealed spra2ers.
T)ere s)all be one spra2er located on eac) s%de o& t)e column at t)e le$el o& t)e
top o& t)e stora1e ?%t) lo?er opposed pa%rs o& spra2ers, at %nter$als not
e*ceed%n1 4.5 m, to t)e base o& t)e column. L)ere t)ere are obstruct%ons to
?ater do?n Do? spra2ers s)all be located %mmed%atel2 belo? eac) obstruct%on.
T)e spra2ers s)all be d%rected to ?et t)e sur&ace area o& t)e structural member
<?%t) ?ater %mp%n1%n1 on an2 column ?eb= at a rate o& 1( mmOm%n related to t)e
sur&ace area o& t)e structure o$er a 4.5 m len1t).
-%1ure 2 %llustrates t?o spr%n>ler )eads protect%n1 a $ert%cal .Cbeam.
#igure 2 $ <ertica" structura" I$Bea !rotected 0' 2 s!rin+"er heads
T)e demand &or ?ater &or column protect%on %s added to t)at re5u%red &or t)e
normal %nstallat%on
TB234.4.13. =Incidenta"= storage
L)ere F%nc%dentalF stora1e occurs due to product%on process or bu%ld%n1 use, t)%s
stora1e r%s> presented <as ?%t) all r%s> ar%s%n1 &rom stora1e= s)all be subKect to
t)e )a7ard assessment as spec%4ed b2 B3 0# 9lause 6.2.
Re5u%rements &or stora1e o& %dle pallets are 1%$en %n TB234.4.14. and TB215.
9ommentar2 and Recommendat%on on TB234.4.13.
L)ere $ar%ous 5uant%t%es and con41urat%ons o& stora1e ?%ll occur, all cases
s)ould be cons%dered and t)e des%1n s)ould be suMc%ent to cater &or t)e ?orstC
case scenar%o.
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TB234.4.14. Id"e Pa""ets
#or wooden !a""ets>
.n 6%1) 6a7ard protected r%s>s, t)e &reestand%n1 stora1e o& %dle pallets s)all meet
all o& t)e &ollo?%n1 cr%ter%a:
J%m%ted to bloc>s not e*ceed%n1 2 * 2 pallets and 1.6m )%1) %rrespect%$e o&
t)e dens%t2 o& ?ater pro$%ded.
#ot be stored ?%t)%n 5 metres o& combust%ble ?alls.
#o ot)er pallet stac>s or stored 1oods s)all be ?%t)%n 5 metres <%nclud%n1
&reestand%n1 or rac>ed stored 1oods and ot)er bloc>s o& &reestand%n1
pallets=.
L)ere t)ese l%m%tat%ons cannot be compl%ed ?%t) TB215 s)all be appl%ed %n &ull.
&oentar' and (ecoendations on
).dle pallets stored in almost any *uantity present a (ery se(ere +re ris". ,here
they are present or li"ely to be present the +re insurer should always be noti+ed.
,here dispensation from the re*uirements of 'B-././.)/. is re*uired0 this
should be at the discretion of the +re insurer and should be agreed in writing0
including the limitations of such de(iations.
-. 'his 'B is not applicable to 1$ protected ris"s0 but in such cases idle pallet
storage shall be con+ned to single stac" bloc"s not e2ceeding ).-m high. A clear
space of ).3m should be maintained between the pallets and any process or
combustible wall. No other pallet stac"s or storage shall be within 3 metres.
,here these limitations cannot be met or are e2ceeded0 'B -)3 shall be applied
in full.
#or !"astic !a""ets>
-or plast%c pallets stored %n an2 5uant%t2, TB215 s)all al?a2s be appl%ed %n &ull.
,here una(oidable0 plastic pallet storage 4e.g. wor" in progress stac"5 should be
con+ned to single stac" bloc"s not e2ceeding ).0m high. A clear space of ).3m
should be maintained between the pallets and any process or combustible wall.
No other pallet stac"s or storage shall be within 3 metres. ,here these
limitations cannot be met or are e2ceeded0 'B -)3 shall be applied in full.
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TB234.4.1-. B"oc+ se!aration and ais"e widths
3ee t)e re5u%rements o& t)e rele$ant sect%on %n TB234.5..
-or 3T4, 3T5 and 3T6 ?%t)out %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>ler protect%on,
stora1e s)all be l%m%ted as s)o?n %n -%1ure 3.
3tora1e bloc>s s)all be l%m%ted to U 15( m
2
<%nclud%n1 a%sles ?%t)%n bloc>s=
A%sles ?%t)%n bloc>s s)all be V 1.2 m
T)ere s)all be V 2.4 m clear space bet?een and around bloc>s, e*cept to
nonCcombust%ble W2 )our 4re rated ?alls.
#igure 3 $ ?@a!"e of 0"oc+ size4 ais"e width and c"ear s!ace reAuireents
0*per%ence )as s)o?n Door mar>%n1s can complement 1ood mana1ement o& a
&ac%l%t2 and )elp promote 1ood pract%ce %n ma%nta%n%n1 re5u%red a%sle ?%dt)s.
@a1e 11
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TB234.4.12. Bu"+heads
L)ere bul>)eads are re5u%red as part o& t)e %n rac> protect%on re1%me, t)e2 s)all
be 4re res%st%n1 and meet at least t)e rat%n1 0uroclass A1 or A2 .
TB234.4.15. BaBes and water shie"ds
Cater shie"ds
3pr%n>lers %nstalled %n rac>s, or under per&orated s)el$es, plat&orms, Doors or
s%m%lar locat%ons, ?)ere ?ater &rom a )%1)er spr%n>ler or spr%n>lers ma2 cause
?ett%n1 close to t)e bulb or &us%ble element, s)all be 4tted ?%t) a metal ?ater
s)%eld ?%t) a d%ameter o& bet?een "5 mm and 15( mm.
Later s)%elds on upr%1)t spr%n>lers s)all not be attac)ed d%rectl2 to t)e deDector
or 2o>e <e*cept as part o& an appro$ed spr%n>ler assembl2=, and an2 brac>et
supports s)all be des%1ned so as to m%n%m%7e obstruct%on to t)e spr%n>ler ?ater
d%str%but%on.
&oentar' and recoendation
T)e water shields re&erred to )ere are %ntended to per&orm t)e &unct%on o& a
?ater s)%eld, not a heat collector. 3tud%es )a$e s)o?n t)at rat)er t)an promote
spr%n>ler )ead operat%on as %ntended )eat collectors ma2 dela2 or pre$ent t)e
operat%on o& spr%n>ler )eads. .&, %n spec%al cases baGes are proposed as )eat
collect%n1 de$%ces, t)en appropr%ate test%n1 s)ould be underta>en to pro$e t)at
t)ere %s no detr%ment to spr%n>ler )ead sens%t%$%t2 and response t%me.
BaBes
&oentar' and recoendations on
T)e ba6es re&erred to at B3 0# clause 12.3 are %ntended to per&orm t)e &unct%on
o& a ?ater s)%eld, not a heat collector. 3tud%es )a$e s)o?n t)at rat)er t)an
promote t)e%r operat%on as %ntended, )eat collectors ma2 dela2 or pre$ent t)e
operat%on o& spr%n>ler )eads. .& %n spec%al cases baGes are proposed as )eat
collect%n1 de$%ces, t)en appropr%ate test%n1 s)ould be underta>en to pro$e t)at
t)ere %s no detr%ment to spr%n>ler )ead sens%t%$%t2 and response t%me.
TB234.4.16. <enti"ation D So+e <ents
L)ere %nstalled, smo>e $ents s)all be %mplemented %n a ?a2 suc) t)at t)e2 do
not ad$ersel2 %mpact upon t)e capab%l%t2 o& t)e spr%n>ler s2stem.
9ommentar2 and Recommendat%ons on TB234.4.18.
0*per%ence )as s)o?n t)%s can be best ac)%e$ed b2 e%t)er:
C:anual control o& smo>e $ent operat%on <&or act%$at%on b2 -%re and Rescue
3er$%ce=
CL)ere s2stems are automat%c, an appropr%ate act%$at%on t%me dela2, tr%11ered
b2 t)e spr%n>ler s2stem operat%on <?)ere t)%s opt%on %s e*erc%sed care&ul
cons%derat%on needs to be 1%$en to t)e l%&e sa&et2 %mpl%cat%ons I t)ere ?%ll be an
uncerta%n t%me dela2 &rom %1n%t%on to spr%n>ler act%$at%on %n add%t%on to an2 t%me
dela2 bet?een spr%n>ler act%$at%on and smo>e $ent open%n1.=. T)e aut)or%t2
s)ould be consulted.
@a1e 12
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TB234.4.19. <enti"ation D #orced and H<,S (High 1o"ue "ow
s!eed)
-orced $ent%lat%on s)all be s)ut do?n %mmed%atel2 upon spr%n>ler or 4re alarm
detect%on <?)%c)e$er occurs 4rst=. T)e eEect o& s)utt%n1 do?n &orced $ent%lat%on
s2stems s)all be cons%dered b2 means o& a r%s> assessment process <&or e*ample
upon: accumulat%on o& to*%c 1ases, dusts, accumulat%on o& e*plos%$e mater%als,
a$a%lab%l%t2 o& /*21en, etc=.
6HJ3 &ans s)ould be centred bet?een &our spr%n>ler )eads.
&oentar' and (ecoendations on TB234.4.1!.
-orced $ent%lat%on s2stems can )a$e a detr%mental eEect upon 4re protect%on
&rom spr%n>ler s2stems %n a number o& ?a2s, &or e*ample: b2 mo$%n1 )ot 1ases,
encoura1%n1 )or%7ontal 4re spread, $ent%lat%n1 a 4re and ad$ersel2 eEect%n1
spr%n>ler d%str%but%on patterns.
L)ere a r%s> assessment re$eals t)at t)ere could be l%&e sa&et2 %mpl%cat%ons
ar%s%n1 &rom deCact%$at%n1 suc) s2stems, a1reement o& t)e s2stem
%mplementat%on s)ould be sou1)t &rom %nsurers and an2 ot)er rele$ant
aut)or%t%es.
TB234.4.2:. #"e@i0"e !i!es and Eoints to interediate "e1e" in$rac+
s!rin+"er arra's
L)ere relat%$e mo$ement %s l%>el2 to occur bet?een d%Eerent sect%ons o&
p%pe?or> ?%t)%n t)e spr%n>ler s2stem, e.1. %n t)e case o& certa%n t2pes o& rac>%n1,
a De*%ble sect%on or Ko%nt s)all be 4tted to accommodate an2 mo$ement, %n
accordance ?%t) t)e re5u%rements o& B3 0# clause 1".1.4.
-le*%ble spr%n>ler )ead drop p%pes s)all not be used.
TB234.4.21. Fu0er of interediate "e1e" in$rac+ s!rin+"er heads
!er 1a"1e set (re!"aces BS ?F 11.1.3 . re"e1ant !arts of TB229.3.5)
T)e ma*%mum area controlled b2 a s%n1le ?et alarm $al$e, %nclud%n1 an2
spr%n>lers %n a subs%d%ar2 e*tens%on, s)all not e*ceed t)at s)o?n %n Table 1.
Ta0"e 1 $ 3a@iu size of wet !i!e and !re$
action insta""ations
S!rin+"er head "ocation ,iit !er 1a"1e set
663 ce%l%n1 spr%n>lers !,((( m
2
.ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac>
spr%n>lers
2,((( )eads
TB234.4.22. %etai"ed e@a!"e of s!rin+"er head "ocations
3ee -%1ure 4, -%1ure 5 and -%1ure 6 &or e*amples o& locat%ons to s%te .ntermed%ate
le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers )eads %n rac> stora1e.
TB234.4.23. S!rin+"er guards (identica" to BS ?F c"ause 14.2)
@a1e 13
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L)en spr%n>lers, ot)er t)an ce%l%n1 or Dus) spr%n>lers, are %nstalled %n a pos%t%on
at r%s> o& acc%dental mec)an%cal dama1e, t)e2 s)all be 4tted ?%t) a su%table
metal 1uard.
@a1e 14
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TB234.4.24. %iensions and S!rin+"er head "ocations (re!"aces BS
?F 12.-)
T)e spec%4c re5u%rements o& appl%cable sect%ons o& t)%s document &or eac) t2pe
o& stora1e s)all be &ollo?ed.
L)ene$er an2 rac> or structural steel?or> %s l%>el2 to %nter&ere s%1n%4cantl2 ?%t)
t)e ?ater d%sc)ar1e &rom t)e spr%n>lers, add%t%onal spr%n>lers s)all be pro$%ded
and ta>en %nto account %n t)e Do? calculat%on.
.t s)all be ensured t)at ?ater &rom %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers can
penetrate t)e 1oods stored.
T)e m%n%mum d%stance bet?een spr%n>ler )ead deDector and unders%de o&
)or%7ontal support &or le$el abo$e s)all be 25 mm. 3pr%n>ler )eads and ran1e
p%pes s)all be located suc) t)at t)e2 are protected &rom mec)an%cal dama1e b2
be%n1 be)%nd pallet support beams. 3pr%n>ler )eads s)all be centred %n clear
trans$erse Due and t)ere s)all be a clear space abo$e stored 1oods o& at least
15( mm to spr%n>ler deDector <see -%1ure 4=.
#igure 4$ %etai"ed 1iew of s!rin+"er head a"ignent with res!ect to storage
s'ste arrangeent
@a1e 1-
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3ee -%1ure 5. T)e AAB spr%n>ler )ead s)all be located %n t)e Due<s=. 3pr%n>ler
)eads s)all be 25 mm clear o& t)e rac>%n1 upr%1)t. T)e ABB spr%n>ler )ead %s to be
centred to clear trans$erse Due.
#igure - $ %etai"ed 1iew of s!rin+"er head a"ignent with res!ect to storage
s'ste arrangeent
@a1e 12
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-%1ure 6 s)o?s an end ele$at%on deta%l. 3pr%n>ler )eads s)all be s%ted at t)e rear
&ace <a?a2 &rom normal load%n1 s%de= o& a s%n1le ro? rac>. T)e )ead s)all be at
least 15( mm a?a2 &rom t)e rac> upr%1)t support. L)ere mes) %s used, t)e )ead
s)all be s%ted %ns%de t)e mes). T)e m%n%mum d%stance bet?een spr%n>ler )ead
deDector and unders%de o& )or%7ontal support &or le$el abo$e s)all be 25 mm.
T)ere s)all be a clear space abo$e stored 1oods o& at least 15( mm to spr%n>ler
deDector.
#igure 2$ %etai"ed 1iew of s!rin+"er head a"ignent with res!ect to storage
s'ste arrangeent
TB234.4.2-. S!rin+"er head o0structions
/bstruct%ons t)at ?%ll cause s%1n%4cant d%srupt%on or s)ado?%n1 to t)e spr%n>ler
)ead d%sc)ar1e s)all be a$o%ded. L)ere una$o%dable, %t ma2 be necessar2 to
%nstall add%t%onal spr%n>ler )eads.
TB234.4.22. Pre$ca"cu"ated s'stes
@reCcalculated s2stems s)all not be used &or 6%1) 6a7ard 3tora1e r%s>s.
@a1e 15
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TB234.-. ?@a!"e storage confgurations ((e!"aces BS ?F 2.3.2)
T)e stora1e con41urat%on s)all be class%4ed as &ollo?s:
3T1: &ree stand%n1 or bloc> stac>%n1 <see TB234.5.1.=R
3T2: post pallets %n s%n1le ro?s, ?%t) a%sles not less t)an 2,4 m ?%de <see
TB234.5.5.=R
3T3: post pallets %n mult%ple <%nclud%n1 double= ro?s <see TB234.5.5.=R
3T4: pallet%sed rac> <beam pallet rac>%n1= <see TB234.5.2.=R
3T15: lo?erCc)allen1e s)el$%n1 con41urat%ons <see TB234.5.6.=R
3T16: )%1)erCc)allen1e s)el$%n1 con41urat%ons <see TB234.5.6.=R
3T8: :ult%ple ro? pallet%sed rac>%n1 <beam pallet Do? t)rou1) rac>%n1=
<see TB234.5.3. or TB234.5.4.=
3T!: Jon1 %tems stored on cant%le$er rac>%n1 <see 0rror: Re&erence source
not &ound=R
3T1(: 6or%7ontal carpet stora1e rac>s <see TB234.5.".=R
#ote :-or eac) stora1e met)od, t)ere are spec%4c l%m%tat%ons to stora1e )e%1)ts
depend%n1 on t)e t2pe and des%1n o& spr%n>ler s2stems I see rema%nder o& t)%s
TB and re&erence B3 0# parts.
&oentar' and (ecoendations on TB234.-.
B3 0# 3tora1e class%4cat%ons 3T5 3T6 are replaced %n t)%s Tec)n%cal Bullet%n b2
classes denoted as 3T15 3T16. T)e &eatures o& 3T15 3T16 are best descr%bed
b2 t)e re5u%rements outl%ned %n sect%on TB234.5.6.. T)ese ne? classes )a$e
some s%m%lar%t%es and some d%Eerences ?)en compared to 3T5 3T6. 9are
s)ould be ta>en to a$o%d con&us%on bet?een t)e old and t)e ne? classes.
@a1e 16
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#(?? ST/F%IFG 7( B,7&H ST7(/G? (ST1)
TB234.-.1. #ree standing or 0"oc+ storage (ST1)
Sco!e
T)%s sect%on appl%es to &ree stand%n1 or bloc> stora1e. -%1ure " s)o?s t2p%cal
e*amples o& t)%s t2pe o& stora1e arran1ement.
#igure 5 D ?@a!"e i""ustration of free standing or 0"oc+ storage (ST1)
confguration
(eAuireents (re!"aces ST1 section of BS ?F ta0"e 2)>
3tora1e s)all be con4ned to bloc>s not e*ceed%n1 15(m
2
%n plan area &or
cate1or2 .,.., ... and .H 1oods
3tora1e bloc>s s)all be separated b2 a cont%nuous clear space o& at least
2.4 m ?%de around t)e per%meter o& t)e bloc>
.ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers are not re5u%red.
L)ere clearance to t)e ce%l%n1 &rom t)e ma*%mum des%1n )e%1)t o& t)e
stored 1oods e*ceeds 4m one o& t)e &ollo?%n1 m%t%1at%n1 &eatures s)all be
pro$%ded:
A nonCcombust%ble &alse ce%l%n1 or me77an%ne abo$e t)e bloc> stora1e ?%t)
spr%n>ler protect%on abo$e and belo?, or
.nstall rac>%n1 ?%t) appropr%ate %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>ler protect%on
9ons%der su%tab%l%t2 o& 03-R protect%on approac) <see TB2(!=3pr%n>lers
s)all be selected %n accordance ?%t) Table TB2(".T1.
Table 2 spec%4es stora1e )e%1)t l%m%ts &or eac) cate1or2 o& 1oods, t)e
re5u%red des%1n dens%t2 and t)e area o& operat%on.
@a1e 19
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#(?? ST/F%IFG 7( B,7&H ST7(/G? (ST1)
Ta0"e 2 $ %esign criteria for ST1 HHS with roof or cei"ing !rotection on"'
(re!"aces ST1 section of BS ?F ta0"e 4)
Storage
configuration
Maximum permitted storage height
(Note 1)
(m) Design
density
(mm / min)
Area of
operation
(wet or pre-
action
system)
Note 2
(m
2
)
ategory 1 ategory 2 ategory ! ategory "
S#1 $%! "%1 2%& 1%' (%$
2')
'%$ $%) !%$ 2%) 1)%)
(%' $%& "%1 2%! 12%$
'%( "%( 2%( 1$%)
(%$ $%2 !%) 1(%$
$%( !%! 2)%)
!))
'%! !%' 22%$
'%( !%* 2$%)
(%2 "%1 2(%$
"%" !)%)
Note 1 #he +ertica, distance from the f,oor to the sprin-,er def,ectors. minus 1m. or the
highest app,ica/,e +a,ue shown in the ta/,e. whiche+er is the ,ower%
Note 2 See #02!"%"%"%% 1f despite this it is nonethe,ess /e necessary to insta,, a dry system.
the area of operation shou,d /e increased /y 2$2%
Note ! ei,ing s,opes sha,, not exceed 1)3 (1(%'2) gradient 4 see #02!"%"%&
@a1e 2:
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B?/3 P/,,?T (/&HIFG ST7(/G? &7F#IGI(/TI7FS (ST 4)
TB234.-.2. Bea Pa""et (ac+ing storage confgurations (ST 4)
Sco!e
T)%s sect%on appl%es to double or s%n1le ro? rac>%n1. -%1ure 8 s)o?s t2p%cal
e*amples o& t)%s t2pe o& stora1e arran1ement.
#igure 6 D ?@a!"e i""ustration of sing"e and dou0"e row 0ea !a""et rac+ing
confgurations (ST4)
(eAuireents (re!"aces ST4 section of BS ?F ta0"e 2)>
&ei"ing on"' !rotection
9e%l%n1 onl2 protect%on ma2 be used ?)ere all o& t)e &ollo?%n1 are compl%ed ?%t):
T)e stora1e )e%1)t l%m%ts, des%1n dens%t2 and area o& operat%ons 1%$en %n
Table 3, andR
3tora1e bloc>s s)all be l%m%ted to 15( m
2
plan area. Bloc>s s)all be
separated b2 a cont%nuous clear space o& at least 2.4 m ?%de around t)e
per%meter o& t)e bloc> <see TB234.4.15.=, andR
A%sle bet?een ro?s o& rac>%n1 s)all be V 1.2 m ?%de <see TB234.4.15.=,
andR
9e%l%n1 clearance U 4.( m <see =, andR
Jon1%tud%nal Dues are not re5u%red but ma2 be pro$%ded, andR
Trans$erse Dues s)all be pro$%ded:
At ma*%mum )or%7ontal spac%n1s o& 1.4 m ?)en t)e%r ?%dt) %s at
least "5 mm but less t)an 15( mm andOor t)e%r $ert%cal al%1nment
cannot be ma%nta%ned.
At ma*%mum )or%7ontal spac%n1s o& 2." m ?)en t)e%r ?%dt) %s at
least 15( mm and t)e2 are ma%nta%ned clear, al%1ned and
t)rou1)out t)e &ull )e%1)t o& t)e rac>.
L)ere t)ese re5u%rements cannot be met, see sect%on .
&oentar' and (ecoendations on TB234.-.2.
L)ere a%sle ?%dt)s bet?een ro?s o& rac>%n1 are W 1.2 m but X 2.4m ?%de use o&
%ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers %s recommended.
@a1e 21
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Ta0"e 3 $ 3a@iu !eritted storage heights4 design densit' and area of
o!erations for roof or cei"ing on"' !rotection (re!"aces ST4 sections of BS ?F
ta0"e 4)
Storage
configuration
(Note 1)
(m) Design
density
(mm / min)
Area of
operation
(wet or pre-
action
system)
Notes
2
(m
2
)
S#" "%( !%" 2%2 1%' (%$
2')
$%( "%2 2%' 2%) 1)%)
'%* $%) !%2 2%! 12%$
$%' !%( 2%( 1$%)
'%) "%1 !%) 1(%$
"%" !%! 2)%)
!))
"%* !%' 22%$
$%! !%* 2$%)
$%' "%1 2(%$
'%) "%" !)%)
Cith interediate "e1e" in$rac+ s!rin+"er !rotection
L)ere t)e re5u%rements o& cannot be met, %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers
are re5u%red %n add%t%on to ce%l%n1 spr%n>lers and all o& t)e &ollo?%n1 s)all be
compl%ed ?%t):
3tora1e )e%1)t l%m%ts, des%1n dens%t2 and area o& operat%ons are 1%$en %n
Table 4
3pr%n>lers and stora1e s)all be con41ured as s)o?n %n -%1ure !
Ta0"e 4 $ %esign criteria for roof or cei"ing s!rin+"ers with interediate "e1e" in$
rac+ s!rin+"ers (re!"aces ST4 sections of BS ?F ta0"e -)
Storage
configuration
Maximum permitted storage height a/o+e the top ,e+e,
of in-rac- protection
(Notes 1.!)
(m)
Design
density
(mm / min)
Area of
operation
(wet or pre-
action
system)
Note 2
(m
2
)
S#" !%$ !%" 2%2 1%' (%$
2')
2%' 2%) 1)%)
!%2 2%! 12%$
!%$ 2%( 1$%)
Note 1 5,ues sha,, continue uninterrupted through the storage a/o+e the top ,e+e, of
intermediate ,e+e, in-rac- sprin-,er protection%
Note ! ei,ing c,earance of goods a/o+e the top ,e+e, of intermediate ,e+e, in-rac- sprin-,ers
must not exceed "%) m% See #02!"%"%2%%
Note " ei,ing s,opes sha,, not exceed 1)3 (1(%'2) gradient 4 see #02!"%"%&
#igure 9 D He' fre !rotection features of cei"ing and interediate "e1e" in$rac+
s!rin+"er !rotected Sing"e or %ou0"e row !a""et rac+ing4 categor' I to I< goods.
@a1e 22
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#otes:
1. Re5u%red Dues s)all be ma%nta%ned t)rou1)out t)e )e%1)t o& t)e rac>:
a. Trans$erse Dues are re5u%red and s)all be at least "5 mm ?%de.
b. Jon1%tud%nal Dues are re5u%red and s)all be at least 15( mm ?%de.
2. :a*%mum $ert%cal d%stance to %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers &rom
Door <or &rom t)e )or%7ontal support at t)e le$el o& %ntermed%ate le$el %nC
rac> spr%n>lers protect%on belo?= %s 3.5m or t?o )or%7ontal supports,
?)%c)e$er %s t)e lesser. 6or%7ontal spac%n1 not to e*ceed 1.!m andR
$ert%cal spac%n1 * )or%7ontal spac%n1 %s not to e*ceed 4.! m
2
.
3. +oods stored abo$e )%1)est le$el o& %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers
s)all not e*ceed t)e appl%cable )e%1)t 1%$en %n Table 4 or one stored un%t,
?)%c)e$er %s t)e lesser.
4. .nCrac> spr%n>lers are to be s%ted at Due %ntersect%ons.
5. -or s%n1le ro? rac>s, t)e spr%n>ler )eads s)all be located at t)e rear
re&erence to t)e normal load%n1 a%sle <as opposed to on t)e &ace= o& t)e
rac>.
@a1e 23
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H'drau"ics (re!"aces 5.2.3)
L)ere more t)an 5( %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers are %nstalled %n t)e
rac>s, t)e2 s)all not be &ed &rom t)e same control $al$e set as t)e roo& or ce%l%n1
spr%n>lers. L)ere %ntermed%ate %nCrac> spr%n>ler )eads are suppl%ed &rom t)e roo&
$al$e set, t)e control $al$e set s)all be not less t)an 1(( mm d%ameter.
.nCrac> spr%n>lers and t)e assoc%ated ce%l%n1 spr%n>lers s)all al?a2s be &ull2
calculated <see TB231.2.1=.
&a"cu"ation of the 3a@iu Insta""ation Pressure %eand 0ased on the
H'drau"ica""' ost unfa1oura0"e "ocation
L)ere t)e )2draul%call2 most un&a$ourable A:A/ %ncludes bot) roo& or ce%l%n1
le$el spr%n>lers and %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> or s)el& spr%n>lers t)e )2draul%c
s2stem pressure and Do? re5u%rements on ?)%c) t)e ?ater suppl2 per&ormance
%s establ%s)ed, as outl%ned %n TB21(, s)all be determ%ned b2 t)e )2draul%call2
balanced and s%multaneous operat%on o&:C
a= T)e roo& or ce%l%n1 le$el spr%n>lers located ?%t)%n t)e A:A/ <as de4ned %n
B3 0# 12845 9lause 13.4= o$er t)e %nCrac> or s)el& stora1e area, plus
b= An2 nonCrac> %ntermed%ate or supplementar2 spr%n>lers located ?%t)%n t)e
A:A/ %n a= abo$e, plus
c= T)ree spr%n>lers are operat%n1 s%multaneousl2 on eac) le$el o& %nCrac>
spr%n>lers, up to a ma*%mum o& t)ree le$els. L)ere rac> a%sles are 2.4 m
or more %n ?%dt) onl2 one rac> need be assumed to be %n$ol$ed. L)ere
rac> a%sles are less t)an 2.4 m but 1reater t)an or e5ual to 1.2 m %n ?%dt),
t?o rac>s s)all be assumed to be %n$ol$ed. L)ere rac> a%sles are less t)an
1.2 m %n ?%dt), t)ree rac>s s)all be assumed to be %n$ol$ed.
.n order to $er%&2 t)e ?ater suppl2 per&ormance ?%ll sat%s&2 t)e ma*%mum
%nstallat%on pressure demand &or t)e most un&a$ourable A:A/ cons%st%n1 o& a=, b=
and c= abo$e, %t ?%ll be necessar2 to demonstrate all roo& or ce%l%n1 le$el spr%n>ler
A:A/s and all %nCrac> or s)el& spr%n>lers A:A/s l%>el2 to be %n s%multaneous
operat%on )a$e been cons%dered.
&a"cu"ation of the 3a@iu #"ow %eand 0ased on the H'drau"ica""'
ost fa1oura0"e "ocation
L)ere t)e )2draul%call2 most &a$ourable A:A/ %ncludes bot) roo& or ce%l%n1 le$el
spr%n>lers and %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers a )2draul%c anal2s%s o& t)e
s%multaneous operat%on o& t)e &ollo?%n1 spr%n>lers s)all be carr%ed out to
determ%ne t)e ma*%mum Do? rate t)e ?ater suppl%es need to cater &or:C
B3 0# 12845 9lause 13.4= o$er t)e %nCrac> or s)el& stora1e area plus
b= An2 nonCrac> %ntermed%ate or supplementar2 spr%n>lers &all%n1 ?%t)%n t)e
spr%n>lers, up to a ma*%mum o& t)ree le$els. L)ere rac> a%sles are 2.4 m
or more %n ?%dt) onl2 one rac> need be assumed to be %n$ol$ed. L)ere
rac> a%sles are less t)an 2.4 m but 1reater t)an or e5ual to 1.2 m %n ?%dt),
t?o rac>s s)all be assumed to be %n$ol$ed. L)ere rac> a%sles are less t)an
1.2 m %n ?%dt), t)ree rac>s s)all be assumed to be %n$ol$ed.
.n order to $er%&2 t)e ?ater suppl2 per&ormance and capac%t2 ?%ll sat%s&2 t)e
ma*%mum Do? demand &or t)e most &a$ourable A:A/ cons%st%n1 o& a=, b= and c=
@a1e 24
241842526.doc
abo$e, %t ?%ll be necessar2 to demonstrate all )2draul%call2 most &a$ourable roo&
or ce%l%n1 le$el spr%n>ler A:A/s and all )2draul%call2 most &a$ourable %nCrac> or
s)el& spr%n>lers A:A/s l%>el2 to be %n s%multaneous operat%on )a$e been
cons%dered.
T)e )%1)est Do? re5u%rement <Y
ma*
= s)all be ta>en at t)e po%nt o& %ntersect%on o&
t)e pressureCDo? demand c)aracter%st%c o& t)e most &a$ourable area o& operat%on
and t)e ?ater suppl2 pressureCDo? c)aracter%st%c ?%t) t)e suct%on source at %ts
normal le$el. T)%s )%1)est Do? $alue d%sc)ar1%n1 &or a per%od o& !( m%nutes s)all
determ%ne t)e eEect%$e capac%t2 o& t)e ?ater stora1e tan>.
#/T0: .t %s not necessar2 to assume s%multaneous operat%on o& more t)an t)ree
ro?s o& spr%n>lers %n t)e $ert%cal plane nor more t)an t)ree ro?s o& spr%n>lers %n
t)e )or%7ontal plane.
#/T0: T)e m%n%mum pressure at an2 operat%n1 spr%n>ler %s 1.( bar &or '115 %nC
rac> spr%n>lers <see TB22!.3.8=.
@a1e 2-
241842526.doc
%7IB,? %??P P/,,?T (/&HIFG
TB234.-.3. %ou0"e dee! !a""et rac+ing
Sco!e
T)%s sect%on appl%es to rac>%n1 arran1ed suc) t)at pallets can be stored &ourCdeep
?%t) t)ree lon1%tud%nal Dues. @allets are t2p%call2 loaded &rom a%sles b2 truc>s
?%t) e*tend%n1 &or>s. -lues are re5u%red <as spec%4ed &urt)er on %n t)e sect%on
and depend%n1 on t)e con41urat%on=. -%1ure 1( s)o?s t2p%cal e*amples o& t)%s
t2pe o& stora1e arran1ement.
#igure 1: D ?@a!"e i""ustration of u"ti!"e row rac+ storage $ dou0"e dee!
!a""et rac+ing
(eAuireents
Table 5, andR
2
separated b2 cont%nuous clear space o& no less t)an 2.4 m ?%de around
t)e per%meter t)e bloc>, andR
9e%l%n1 clearance U 4.( m, andR
-ull )e%1)t clear lon1%tud%nal Dues o& at least 15( mm ?%de are to be
pro$%ded e$er2 pallet load <e.1. t)ree per double deep rac>=
-ull )e%1)t clear trans$ers Dues o& at least "5 mm ?%de are to be pro$%ded
at a ma*%mum o& e$er2 1.! m
L)ere t)ese re5u%rements cannot be met, see sect%on .
@a1e 22
241842526.doc
%7IB,? %??P P/,,?T (/&HIFG
Ta0"e - $ 3a@iu !eritted storage heights4 design densit' and area of
o!erations for cei"ing on"' !rotection for dou0"e dee! rac+ing (cat I to I<)
Storage
configuration
(Note 1)
(m) Design
density
(mm / min)
Area of
operation
(wet or pre-
action
system)
Notes
2
(m
2
)
S#* "%( !%" 2%2 1%' (%$
2')
$%( "%2 2%' 2%) 1)%)
$%) !%2 2%! 12%$
2%( 1$%)
!%) 1(%$
Cith interediate "e1e" in$rac+ s!rin+"er !rotection
compl%ed ?%t):
3tora1e )e%1)t l%m%ts, des%1n dens%t2 and area o& operat%ons are 1%$en %n
Table 6
3pr%n>lers and stora1e s)all be con41ured as s)o?n %n -%1ure 11
Ta0"e 2 $ %esign criteria for roof or cei"ing s!rin+"ers with interediate in$rac+
s!rin+"ers (no eAui1a"ent ?F c"ause)
Storage
configuration
of in-rac- protection
(Notes 1.!)
(m)
Design
density
(mm / min)
Area of
operation
(wet or pre-
action
system)
Note 2
(m
2
)
S#* !%$ !%" 2%2 1%' (%$
2')
2%' 2%) 1)%)
!%2 2%! 12%$
2%( 1$%)
Note ! ei,ing c,earance of goods a/o+e the top ,e+e, of intermediate ,e+e, in-rac- sprin-,er
protection must not exceed "%) m% See TB234.4.2.%
@a1e 25
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%7IB,? %??P P/,,?T (/&HIFG
#igure 11 $ He' fre !rotection features of cei"ing and interediate "e1e"
in$rac+ s!rin+"er !rotected dou0"e$dee! !a""et rac+ing4 categor' I to I<
#otes:
1.
Re5u%red Dues s)all be ma%nta%ned t)rou1)out t)e )e%1)t o& t)e rac>:
a. Trans$erse Dues are re5u%red and s)all be at least "5 mm ?%de
b. Jon1%tud%nal Dues are re5u%red and s)all be at least 15( mm ?%de
2.
T)e ma*%mum $ert%cal d%stance to %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers
&rom Door <or &rom t)e )or%7ontal support at t)e le$el o& %ntermed%ate le$el
%nCrac> spr%n>ler protect%on belo?= %s 3.5m or t?o )or%7ontal supports,
?)%c)e$er %s t)e lesser. 6or%7ontal spac%n1 not to e*ceed 1.!m andR
$ert%cal spac%n1 * )or%7ontal spac%n1 %s not to e*ceed 4.! m
2
3.
+oods stored abo$e )%1)est le$el o& %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers
s)all not e*ceed t)e appl%cable )e%1)t 1%$en %n Table 6 or one stored un%t,
4.
.ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers to be s%ted at Due %ntersect%ons.
9ons%derat%on s)all be 1%$en to t)e locat%on o& spr%n>lers ?%t) respect to
t)e poss%b%l%t2 o& %mpact dama1e.
5.
Repeat pattern &or an2 add%t%onal le$els o& stora1e.
6.
L)ere ce%l%n1 clearance V 4.(m %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers s)all
be %nstalled abo$e t)e uppermost le$el o& stored 1oods.
@a1e 26
241842526.doc
%7IB,? %??P P/,,?T (/&HIFG
spr%n>lers. T)e control $al$e set s)all be not less t)an 1(( mm d%ameter.
.ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers and t)e assoc%ated ce%l%n1 spr%n>lers s)all
al?a2s be &ull2 calculated <see TB231.2.1=.
spr%n>lers, up to a ma*%mum o& t)ree le$els. T)ree ro?s o& spr%n>lers s)all
be assumed to be %n$ol$ed. :a* o& 2" )eads.
cons%dered.
ma*
@a1e 29
241842526.doc
%7IB,? %??P P/,,?T (/&HIFG
ro?s o& spr%n>lers %n t)e $ert%cal plane nor more t)an t)ree ro?s o& spr%n>lers %n
#/T0: T)e m%n%mum pressure at an2 operat%n1 spr%n>ler %s 1.( bar &or '115
%ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers <see TB22!.3.8=.
@a1e 3:
241842526.doc
3I,TIP,? (7C (/&H ST7(/G? $ J%(I<? IFK4 J#,7C TH(7IGHK /F%
JPISH B/&HK (/&HIFG
TB234.-.4. 3u"ti!"e row rac+ storage $ J%ri1e inK4 J#"ow throughK and
J!ush 0ac+K rac+ing
Sco!e
T)%s sect%on appl%es to A,r%$e %nB, ADo? t)rou1)B and Apus) bac>B rac>%n1. T)%s
rac>%n1 t2pe %s t2p%call2 arran1ed suc) t)at un%ts o& stored 1oods are abutted
to1et)er. -lues are re5u%red <as spec%4ed &urt)er on %n t)e sect%on and depend%n1
on t)e con41urat%on=. -%1ure 12 s)o?s t2p%cal e*amples o& t)%s t2pe o& stora1e
arran1ement.
#igure 12 D ?@a!"e i""ustration of u"ti!"e row rac+ storage $ J%ri1e inK4 J#"ow
throughK and J!ush 0ac+K rac+ing
(eAuireents
Table ", andR
2
separated b2 a cont%nuous clear space o& at least 2.4 m ?%de around t)e
per%meter o& t)e bloc>, andR
9e%l%n1 clearance U 4.( m, andR
-ull )e%1)t clear lon1%tud%nal Dues o& at least 15( mm ?%de are to be
pro$%ded at a ma*%mum o& e$er2 4.8 m, andR
-ull )e%1)t clear trans$erse Dues o& at least "5 mm ?%de are to be
pro$%ded at a ma*%mum o& e$er2 1.! m
L)ere t)ese re5u%rements cannot be met, see sect%on
@a1e 31
241842526.doc
JPISH B/&HK (/&HIFG
o!erations for cei"ing on"' !rotection for u"ti!"e row rac+ing (cat I to I<)
Storage
configuration
(Note 1)
(m) Design
density
(mm / min)
Area of
operation
(wet or pre-
action
system)
Notes
2
(m
2
)
S#* "%( !%" 2%2 1%' (%$
2')
$%( "%2 2%' 2%) 1)%)
$%) !%2 2%! 12%$
2%( 1$%)
!%) 1(%$
Cith interediate "e1e" in$rac+ s!rin+"ers !rotection
compl%ed ?%t):
0rror: Re&erence source not &ound, andR
-%1ure 13 or -%1ure 14 <as appropr%ate=
Ta0"e 6 $ %esign criteria for cei"ing s!rin+"ers with interediate "e1e"
interediate "e1e" in$rac+ s!rin+"ers for u"ti!"e row rac+ing (cat I to I<)
Storage
configuration
of intermediate ,e+e, in-rac- sprin-,er protection
(Notes 1.!)
(m)
Design
density
(mm / min)
Area of
operation
(wet or pre-
action
system)
Note 2
(m
2
)
S#* !%$ !%" 2%2 1%' (%$
2')
2%' 2%) 1)%)
!%2 2%! 12%$
2%( 1$%)
Note ! Maximum of one unit of stored goods high
@a1e 32
241842526.doc
JPISH B/&HK (/&HIFG
#igure 13 $ He' fre !rotection features of cei"ing and interediate "e1e" in$rac+
s!rin+"er !rotected =%ri1e in=4 J8ow throughK and =!ush 0ac+= rac+ing4 categor'
I4 II . III.
#otes:
a. Trans$erse Dues are re5u%red e$er2 1.6 m and s)all be at least "5
mm ?%de
b. Jon1%tud%nal Dues are not re5u%red )o?e$er %& t)e2 are pro$%ded
s)all be at least "5 mm ?%de, e*cept: t)e2 are not re5u%red &or t)e
stora1e le$el located d%rectl2 abo$e %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac>
spr%n>lers, or ?)en %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers are pro$%ded at
e$er2 le$el.
2. T)e ma*%mum $ert%cal d%stance to %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers &rom
Door <or &rom t)e )or%7ontal support at t)e le$el o& %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac>
spr%n>ler protect%on belo?= %s 3.5m or t?o )or%7ontal supports, ?)%c)e$er %s
@a1e 33
241842526.doc
JPISH B/&HK (/&HIFG
t)e lesser. :a*%mum )or%7ontal %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>ler )ead
spac%n1 %s 3.2m %n lon1%tud%nal Due or%entat%on and 2.5 m perpend%cular to
lon1%tud%nal Dues
3. +oods stored abo$e )%1)est le$el o& %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers s)all
not e*ceed t)e appl%cable )e%1)t 1%$en %n Table 8 or one stored un%t,
4. .n rac> spr%n>lers must be al%1ned ?%t) trans$erse Due and s)ould be al%1ned
?%t) t)e lon1%tud%nal Due ?)ere %t ma2 ar%se. 9ons%derat%on s)all be 1%$en to
t)e locat%on o& spr%n>lers on load%n1 &aces ?%t) respect to %mpact dama1e.
5. 3pr%n>lers are to be located suc) t)at all &our &aces o& t)e rac>s are d%rectl2
protected.
6. Repeat sta11ered pattern &or an2 add%t%onal le$els o& stora1e.
". L)ere t)e clearance bet?een t)e top o& stored 1oods and ce%l%n1 spr%n>lers
W 4.(m %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers s)all be %nstalled abo$e t)e
uppermost le$el o& stored 1oods.
@a1e 34
241842526.doc
JPISH B/&HK (/&HIFG
#igure 14 $ He' fre !rotection features of cei"ing and interediate "e1e" in$rac+
s!rin+"er !rotected =%ri1e in=4 J8ow throughK and =!ush 0ac+= rac+ing4 categor'
I<
#otes:
a. Trans$erse Dues are re5u%red e$er2 1.6 m and s)all be at least "5
mm ?%de.
b. Jon1%tud%nal Dues are not re5u%red )o?e$er %& t)e2 are pro$%ded
s)all be at least "5 mm ?%de, e*cept: t)e2 are not re5u%red &or t)e
stora1e le$el located d%rectl2 abo$e %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac>
spr%n>lers, or ?)en %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers are pro$%ded at
e$er2 le$el.
8. T)e ma*%mum $ert%cal d%stance to %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers &rom
Door <or &rom t)e )or%7ontal support at t)e le$el o& %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac>
spr%n>ler protect%on belo?= %s 3.5m or t?o )or%7ontal supports, ?)%c)e$er %s
@a1e 3-
241842526.doc
JPISH B/&HK (/&HIFG
t)e lesser. :a*%mum )or%7ontal %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>ler )ead
spac%n1 %s 1.6 m %n lon1%tud%nal Due or%entat%on and 1.5 m perpend%cular to
lon1%tud%nal Dues
!. +oods stored abo$e )%1)est le$el o& %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers s)all
not e*ceed t)e appl%cable )e%1)t 1%$en %n 0rror: Re&erence source not &ound
or one stored un%t, ?)%c)e$er %s t)e lesser.
1(..ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers must be al%1ned ?%t) trans$erse Due and
s)ould be al%1ned ?%t) t)e lon1%tud%nal Due ?)ere %t ma2 ar%se. 9ons%derat%on
s)all be 1%$en to t)e locat%on o& spr%n>lers on load%n1 &aces ?%t) respect to
%mpact dama1e.
11.3pr%n>lers are to be located suc) t)at all &our &aces o& t)e rac>s are d%rectl2
protected.
12..ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers must be al%1ned ?%t) trans$erse Due and
s)ould be al%1ned ?%t) t)e lon1%tud%nal Due ?)ere %t ma2 ar%se.
13.Repeat pattern &or an2 add%t%onal le$els o& stora1e.
14.L)ere ce%l%n1 clearance V 4.(m %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers s)all be
%nstalled abo$e t)e uppermost le$el o& stored 1oods.
@a1e 32
241842526.doc
JPISH B/&HK (/&HIFG
cons%dered.
@a1e 35
241842526.doc
JPISH B/&HK (/&HIFG
ma*
ro?s o& spr%n>lers %n t)e $ert%cal plane or more t)an t)ree ro?s o& spr%n>lers %n
@a1e 36
241842526.doc
P7ST P/,,?TS D SIFG,? . 3I,TIP,? (7CS (ST2 . ST3)
TB234.-.-. Post !a""ets D Sing"e . 3u"ti!"e rows (ST2 . ST3)
Sco!e

#igure 1- D ?@a!"e i""ustration of sing"e and u"ti!"e row !ost !a""et rac+ing
confgurations (ST2 . ST3)
(eAuireents (re!"aces ST2 . ST3 section of BS ?F ta0"e 2)>
-or 3T2 <s%n1le ro? con41urat%ons=, &or cate1or2 .,.., ... and .H 1oods, a%sles
bet?een ro?s s)all not be less t)an 2.4 m ?%de.
-or 3T3 <double or mult%ple ro? con41urat%ons=, &or cate1or2 .,.., ... and .H
1oods, stora1e s)all be con4ned to bloc>s not e*ceed%n1 15(m
2
%n plan
area. Bloc>s s)all be separated b2 a%sles not less t)an 2.4 m ?%de.
.ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers are not re5u%red.
normall2 stored 1oods e*ceeds 4m one o& t)e &ollo?%n1 m%t%1at%n1 &eatures
s)all be pro$%ded:
.nstall rac>%n1 ?%t) appropr%ate %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>ler protect%on
9ons%der su%tab%l%t2 o& 03-R protect%on approac) <see TB2(!=Table !
spec%4es stora1e )e%1)t l%m%ts &or eac) cate1or2 o& 1oods, t)e re5u%red
des%1n dens%t2 and t)e area o& operat%on &or ?et, dr2 and preCact%on
s2stems.

@a1e 39
241842526.doc
P7ST P/,,?TS D SIFG,? . 3I,TIP,? (7CS (ST2 . ST3)
o!erations for roof or cei"ing on"' !rotection for ST2 . ST3 (re!"aces ST2 . ST3
section of BS ?F ta0"e 4)
Storage
configuration
(Note 1)
(m) Design
density
(mm / min)
Area of
operation
(wet or pre-
action
system)
Note 2
(m
2
)
S#2 "%( !%" 2%2 1%' (%$
2')
$%( "%2 2%' 2%) 1)%)
'%* $%) !%2 2%! 12%$
$%' !%( 2%( 1$%)
'%) "%1 !%) 1(%$
"%" !%! 2)%)
!))
"%* !%' 22%$
$%! !%* 2$%)
$%' "%1 2(%$
'%) "%" !)%)
S#! "%( !%" 2%2 1%' (%$
2')
$%( "%2 2%' 2%) 1)%)
$%) !%2 2%! 12%$
2%( 1$%)
!%) 1(%$
@a1e 4:
241842526.doc
S7,I% 7( S,/TT?% SH?,<IFG (ST1- . ST12)
TB234.-.2. So"id or s"atted she"1ing (ST1- . ST12)
Sco!e
T)%s sect%on spec%4es t)e re5u%rements &or protect%n1 $ar%ous t2pes o& s)el&
stora1e con41urat%on. T)%s %ncludes aM*ed: sol%d s)el$es, slatted s)el$es, 1rated
s)el$es <X"(Q open= or ot)er t2pes o& s)el$%n1 located ?%t)%n stora1e rac>s.
#/T0R ?)ere:
-lues can be pro$%ded and ma%nta%ned and stora1e can con&orm to
TB234.5.2., andR
3)el& area <bounded b2 &ull ?%dt) Dues= U 2.(m
2
, andR
3)el$es are 4*ed %n place
T)e re5u%rements o& TB234.5.2. ma2 be appl%ed %n place o& t)e re5u%rements o&
t)%s sect%on.
:ult%ple ro? rac> con41urat%ons ?%t) abutted stora1e need not be protected as
sol%d s)el$es pro$%ded t)e2 meet t)e &ollo?%n1 cond%t%ons:
T)ere are no sol%d or slatted s)el$es %n t)e rac>s, and
@allet loads are butted onl2 %n one d%rect%on, and
@allet loads are not ?%der t)an 1.6 m, and
9lear trans$erse Dues <V "5mm= are pro$%ded on eac) s%de o& ro?s o&
butted pallets, and
9lear lon1%tud%nal Dues <V 15( mm= are pro$%ded a ma*%mum o& 4.8 m
)or%7ontall2 ?)en ce%l%n1 onl2 protect%on %s used.
L)ere t)e re5u%rements o& or cannot be ac)%e$ed, t)e %nsurer <and aut)or%t2, %&
appl%cable= s)all be consulted upon t)e acceptab%l%t2 o& t)e proposed des%1n
solut%on on a caseCb2Ccase bas%s.
&oentar' and recoendations on TB234.-.2.
3)el& dept) s)all be measured &rom t)e e*posed lon1%tud%nal &ace to t)e
oppos%n1 e*posed lon1%tud%nal &ace <a%sle to a%sle=. Jon1%tud%nal Dues up to
6((mm t)at ma2 e*%st s)all be %ncluded %n t)e measurement.
3ol%d, mes), slatted or 1rated s)el$es, andOor obKects placed on t)em <e.1.
stored 1oods= &orm%n1 sol%d )or%7ontal barr%ers %n stora1e rac>s can obstruct t)e
pat) o& r%s%n1 )ot 1ases re5u%red to act%$ate spr%n>lers, promote )or%7ontal 4re
spread and ad$ersel2 %mpact t)e ab%l%t2 o& ?ater to penetrate t)e rac> $ert%call2.
:a%nta%n%n1 t)e m%n%mum re5u%rements spec%4ed %n TB234.5.6. )elps ensure
spr%n>ler ?ater can reac) all sur&aces o& t)e protected commod%t2 and d%srupts
)or%7ontal 4re spread.
L)en 1oods are abutted to1et)er suc) t)at t)e2 &orm a sol%d barr%er and
obstruct Dues %dent%4ed as essent%al else?)ere %n t)%s Tec)n%cal Bullet%n, t)e
eEect upon t)e 4re protect%on %s t)e same as %& a sol%d s)el& ?ere present, )ence
t)e re5u%rement to protect as a sol%d s)el& r%s> %& t)%s %s t)e case. 3%m%larl2, %&
slatted s)el$es comb%ned ?%t) t)e 1oods upon t)em obstruct Dues t)e result %s
t)e same.
@a1e 41
241842526.doc
S7,I% 7( S,/TT?% SH?,<IFG (ST1- . ST12)
Storage c"ass )ST1-*
(eAuireents
9e%l%n1 onl2 protect%on ma2 be used ?)ere one <or more= o& t)e stora1e
con41urat%on c)aracter%st%cs %s sat%s4ed:
3)el$es, ?%t) or ?%t)out Due spaces are no deeper t)an (.8m <a%sle to
a%sle=, orR
3tora1e %s solel2 o& open &ronted, 5 s%ded, metal construct%on b%n bo*
stora1e re1ardless o& s)el& dept), orR
3)el$es, ?%t)out Due spaces are no deeper t)an 1.2m <a%sle to a%sle= and
stora1e bloc>s are l%m%ted to plan areas o& 15(mZ ?%t) 2.4m ?%de brea>s to
surround%n1 bloc>s <see TB234.4.15.=
And t)e &ollo?%n1 spr%n>ler %nstallat%on des%1n cond%t%ons are met:
3tora1e )e%1)t l%m%ts, des%1n dens%t2 and area o& operat%ons 1%$en %n Table
1( are compl%ed ?%t), andR
9e%l%n1 clearances abo$e t)e ma*%mum normal )e%1)t o& stored 1oods U
4.( m
#ote: /pen top b%nCbo* stora1e arran1ements are cons%dered a spec%al case and
not co$ered b2 t)%s document. .n suc) cases, t)e %nsurer <and aut)or%t2, %&
solut%on on a caseCb2Ccase bas%s.
Ta0"e 1: D ST1- a@iu !eritted storage heights4 design densit' and area
of o!erations for roof or cei"ing on"' !rotection (re!"aces ST- section of BS ?F
ta0"e 4)
Storage
configuration
(Note 1)
(m) Design
density
(mm / min)
Area of
operation
(wet or pre-
action
system)
Notes
2
(m
2
)
S#1$ "%( !%" 2%2 1%' (%$
2')
$%( "%2 2%' 2%) 1)%)
$%) !%2 2%! 12%$
2%( 1$%)
!%) 1(%$
Note ! ei,ing s,opes sha,, not exceed 1)3 (1(%'2) gradient 4 see #02!"%"%&%%
@a1e 42
241842526.doc
S7,I% 7( S,/TT?% SH?,<IFG (ST1- . ST12)
Storage c"ass )ST12*
(eAuireents
.ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>ler protect%on %n accordance ?%t) t)e
re5u%rements o& t)%s sect%on %s re5u%red ?)ere one <or more= o& t)e &ollo?%n1
stora1e con41urat%on c)aracter%st%cs e*%sts:
s)el$es, ?%t) or ?%t)out Due spaces are W (.8m to U 3.2m deep <a%sle to
a%sle=, orR
t)e stora1e )e%1)t l%m%ts spec%4ed &or are e*ceeded, orR
ce%l%n1 clearances abo$e t)e ma*%mum normal )e%1)t o& stored 1oods
e*ceed 4.( m
T)e &ollo?%n1 spr%n>ler %nstallat%on des%1n cond%t%ons s)all be met:
Trans$erse Dues s)all be at least 15( mm ?%de and occur at least e$er2
3.2m, andR
.ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>ler )or%7ontal spac%n1 not to e*ceed 1.!m
and ?)ere poss%ble be co%nc%dent ?%t) Dues, andR
9e%l%n1 spr%n>lers s)all be %nstalled to meet t)e cr%ter%a &or stora1e )e%1)t
l%m%ts, des%1n dens%t2 and area o& operat%ons spec%4ed %n Table 11, andR
.ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>ler s)all be %nstalled at e$er2 le$els and
stora1e s)all be con41ured as s)o?n %n -%1ure 12.
&oentar' and recoendations on
An allo?able e*cept%on %s t)e case ?)ere )andp%c>%n1 s)el$es are present and
t)e s)el$es are too close to1et)er to spr%n>ler protect at e$er2 le$el. .n ?)%c)
case %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers s)all be %nstalled at ma*%mum $ert%cal
spac%n1 o& 2.(m %rrespect%$e o& t)e number o& s)el$es.
.& trans$erse Dues cannot be %mplemented, t)e %nsurer <and aut)or%t2, %&
solut%on on a caseCb2Ccase bas%s. Hert%cal bul>)eads a ma*%mum o& 3.2m and
a%sle ?%dt) 1.2m or 1reater ma2 be a su%table alternat%$e.
@a1e 43
241842526.doc
S7,I% 7( S,/TT?% SH?,<IFG (ST1- . ST12)
Ta0"e 11 $ ST12 $ %esign criteria for roof or cei"ing s!rin+"ers with interediate
"e1e" in$rac+ s!rin+"ers and a@iu !eritted storage heights a0o1e the to!
"e1e" of interediate "e1e" in$rac+ s!rin+"er !rotection (re!"aces ST2 section of
BS ?F ta0"e -)
Storage
configuration
(Notes 1.!)
(m)
Design
density
(mm / min)
Area of
operation
(wet or pre-
action
system)
Note 2
(m
2
)
S#1' "%( !%" 2%2 1%' (%$
2')
$%( "%2 2%' 2%) 1)%)
$%) !%2 2%! 12%$
2%( 1$%)
!%) 1(%$
Note ! ei,ing c,earance of goods a/o+e the top ,e+e, of intermediate ,e+e, in-rac- sprin-,er
protection must not exceed "%) m% See #02!"%"%2%%
@a1e 44
241842526.doc
S7,I% 7( S,/TT?% SH?,<IFG (ST1- . ST12)
#igure 12 D He' fre !rotection features of ST12 she"1ing4 categor' I to I<
goods.
#otes:
1. .ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers are re5u%red as s)o?n
a. Trans$erse Dues <V15( mm= re5u%red e$er2 3.2 m or less.
.ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers s)all be al%1ned ?%t) trans$erse
Dues, ?)ere t)e2 e*%st.
b. Jon1%tud%nal Dues not re5u%red %n t)%s con41urat%on.
3. .ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers s)all be %nstalled belo? e$er2 s)el&
le$el.
4. L)ere 1oods are stored abo$e )%1)est le$el o& %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac>
spr%n>lers, t)e )e%1)t o& t)ese 1oods s)all not e*ceed t)e appl%cable
)e%1)t 1%$en %n Table 11 or one stored un%t, ?)%c)e$er %s t)e lesser.
5. T)e con41urat%on ma2 be repeated to ac)%e$e unl%m%ted stora1e )e%1)t.
@a1e 4-
241842526.doc
S7,I% 7( S,/TT?% SH?,<IFG (ST1- . ST12)
H'drau"ic design criteria
c= All %nCrac> or s)el& spr%n>lers assumed to be %n operat%on. Assume t)e
number )eads [ 3 per le$el * 3 le$els * 1,2 or 3 rac>s <3 spr%n>lers are
operat%n1 s%multaneousl2 at t)e most )2draul%call2 remote pos%t%on on
eac) le$el o& %nCrac> spr%n>lers, up to a ma*%mum o& t)ree le$els. L)ere
rac> a%sles are 2,4 m or more %n ?%dt) onl2 one rac> need be assumed to
be %n$ol$ed. L)ere rac> a%sles are less t)an 2,4 m but 1reater t)an or
e5ual to 1,2 m %n ?%dt), t?o rac>s s)all be assumed to be %n$ol$ed. L)ere
rac> a%sles are less t)an 1,2 m %n ?%dt), t)ree rac>s s)all be assumed to be
%n$ol$ed.=. :a*%mum o& 2" )eads.
c= All %nCrac> or s)el& spr%n>lers assumed to be %n operat%on. Assume t)e
number )eads [ 3 per le$el * 3 le$els * 1,2 or 3 rac>s <3 spr%n>lers are
operat%n1 s%multaneousl2 at t)e most )2draul%call2 remote pos%t%on on
eac) le$el o& %nCrac> spr%n>lers, up to a ma*%mum o& t)ree le$els. L)ere
rac> a%sles are 2,4 m or more %n ?%dt) onl2 one rac> need be assumed to
be %n$ol$ed. L)ere rac> a%sles are less t)an 2,4 m but 1reater t)an or
@a1e 42
241842526.doc
S7,I% 7( S,/TT?% SH?,<IFG (ST1- . ST12)
e5ual to 1,2 m %n ?%dt), t?o rac>s s)all be assumed to be %n$ol$ed. L)ere
rac> a%sles are less t)an 1,2 m %n ?%dt), t)ree rac>s s)all be assumed to be
%n$ol$ed.=. :a*%mum o& 2" )eads.
cons%dered.
ma*

@a1e 45
241842526.doc
SP?&I/, H/L/(%S4 &/(P?T ST7(/G?
TB234.-.5. S!ecia" Hazards
T)%s sect%on 1%$es re5u%rements &or &re5uentl2 encountered spec%4c t2pes o&
stora1e.
&ar!et storage
(eAuireents>
.ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers are re5u%red and t)e &ollo?%n1 are to be
compl%ed ?%t):
9ont%nuous &ull )e%1)t $ert%cal 4re res%st%n1 trans$erse bul>)eads
<0uroclass A1 or A2 = or trans$erse Dues V 15( mm ?%de and clear t)e &ull
)e%1)t o& t)e rac> s)all be pro$%ded <ma*%mum lon1%tud%nal spac%n1 to be
3.2m=.
Table 12.
3tora1e s)all be con41ured as s)o?n %n -%1ure 1".
A%sles are e*pected to be WW2.4 m due to space re5u%red to load and
unload rolls
Ta0"e 12 D %esign criteria for roof or cei"ing s!rin+"ers with interediate "e1e"
in$rac+ s!rin+"ers and a@iu !eritted storage heights a0o1e the to! "e1e"
of interediate "e1e" in$rac+ s!rin+"er !rotection (no eAui1a"ent BS ?F c"ause)
Storage
configuration
(Note 1)
(m)
Design
density
(mm / min)
Area of
operation
(wet or pre-
action
system)
Note 2

(m
2
)
S#1)
Not app,ica/,e
1%'
Not
app,ica/,e
(%$
2') 2%1 1)%)
2%( 12%$
@a1e 46
241842526.doc
SP?&I/, H/L/(%S4 &/(P?T ST7(/G?
#igure 15 D He' fre !rotection features of car!et stores4 showing fu"" height
0u"+heads (o!tiona") and s!rin+"ers at e1er' "e1e" (reAuired).
#otes:
1. .ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers are re5u%red and s)all be %nstalled at
e$er2 le$el. T?o or more ro?s o& spr%n>lers ?%ll be re5u%red per s)el&
<depend%n1 on dept) o& s)el& and spac%n1 o& spr%n>lers %n t)e trans$erse
a*%s, see re5u%red spr%n>ler )ead spac%n1s %n t)e 41ure=
2. Re5u%red Dues bul>)eads s)all be ma%nta%ned t)rou1)out t)e )e%1)t o&
t)e rac>:
a. Trans$erse Dues <V15( mm= or 4re res%st%n1 bul>)eads re5u%red
e$er2 3.2 m or less. 3pr%n>lers s)all be al%1ned ?%t) trans$erse
Dues, ?)ere t)e2 e*%st. 3pr%n>lers s)all be oEset &rom trans$erse
bul>)eads as s)o?n.
@a1e 49
241842526.doc
SP?&I/, H/L/(%S4 &/(P?T ST7(/G?
b. Jon1%tud%nal Dues <V15( mm= or 4re res%st%n1 bul>)eads are
re5u%red ?)ere bac> to bac> <double ro?= rac>s are used. L)ere
lon1%tud%nal Dues e*%st, spr%n>lers s)all be located ?%t)%n t)e Due
and coC%nc%dent ?%t) an2 trans$erse Due %ntersect%ons
3. 9arpet stored abo$e )%1)est le$el o& %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers
s)all not e*ceed t)e appl%cable )e%1)t 1%$en %n Table 12 or one roll )%1),
4. .ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers s)all be %nstalled abo$e t)e
uppermost le$el o& carpet unless t)e top o& t)e rac>%n1 %s &ull2 open <&ree
&rom s)el$es, slats or ot)er obstruct%ons= and ce%l%n1 clearance U 4.( m
5. T)e con41urat%on ma2 be repeated to ac)%e$e unl%m%ted stora1e )e%1)t
H'drau"ics
c= All %nCrac> or s)el& spr%n>lers assumed to be %n operat%on. Assume t)at
number )eads [ 3 * l * n <see 9R on =.
?)ere n %s t)e number o& ro?s o& spr%n>ler )eads per s)el&.
%n a s%n1le ro? rac>, orR
%n a double ro? rac>, ?)ere rac>s are bac> to bac>
and, l %s t)e number o& le$els assumed to be operat%n1 up to a ma*%mum o& 3
spr%n>lers and %ntermed%ate le$el %nCrac> spr%n>lers an )2draul%c anal2s%s o& t)e
@a1e -:
241842526.doc
SP?&I/, H/L/(%S4 &/(P?T ST7(/G?
c= All %nCrac> or s)el& spr%n>lers assumed to be %n operat%on. #umber )eads [
3 * l * n <see 9R on =.
?)ere n %s t)e number o& ro?s o& spr%n>ler )eads per s)el&:
%n a s%n1le ro? rac>, orR
%n a double ro? rac>, ?)ere rac>s are bac> to bac>
and, l %s t)e number o& le$els assumed to be operat%n1 up to a ma*%mum o& 3
cons%dered.
ma*
#umber )eads [ 3 * l * n %s der%$ed &rom t)e &ollo?%n1 assumpt%ons:
l [ t)e number o& le$els up to a ma*%mum o& 3 le$els <l= operat%n1
3 )eads per le$el operat%n1
n %s t)e number o& ro?s o& spr%n>ler )eads per s)el&:
T %n a s%n1le ro? rac>, orR
T %n a double ro? rac>, ?)ere rac>s are bac> to bac>
A%sles WW2.4 m are e*pected to &ac%l%tate )andl%n1 o& 1oods stored %n t)e carpet
stora1e con41urat%on.
#o ma*%mum number o& )eads %s set as t)e number o& )eads %s determ%ned b2
t)e $alue o& AnB.
@a1e -1
241842526.doc
Fon$wo1en s'nthetic fa0ric ((e!"aces BS ?F /nne@ G.5)
Fon$wo1en s'nthetic fa0ric $ #ree Standing Storage
T)e l%m%ts &or stora1e )e%1)t, des%1n dens%t2 and area o& operat%ons are
1%$en %n Table 13, andR
2
separated b2 cont%nuous clear space o& no less t)an 2.4 m ?%de around t)e
per%meter t)e bloc>, andR
normall2 stored 1oods e*ceeds 4m one o& t)e &ollo?%n1 m%t%1at%n1 &eatures
s)all be pro$%ded:
3u%table stora1e rac>%n1 s)all be %nstalled, ?%t) t)e add%t%on o& %ntermed%ate le$el
%nCrac> spr%n>ler protect%on. 3ee .
Ta0"e 13 $ Fon$wo1en s'nthetic fa0ric> %esign criteria for roof or cei"ing
!rotection on"'
Storage
configuration
Maximum permitted storage
height
(Note 1)
(m)
Design
density
(mm / min)
Area of
operation
(wet or pre-
action
system)
Note 2
(m
2
)
S#1 1%' 1)%)
2')
2%) 12%$
2%! 1$%)
2%( 1(%$
!%) 2)%)
!%! 22%$
!))
!%' 2$%)
!%* 2(%$
"%1 !)%)
Note 1 #he +ertica, distance from the f,oor to the sprin-,er def,ectors.
minus 1m. or the highest app,ica/,e +a,ue shown in the ta/,e.
whiche+er is the ,ower%
Note 2 See #02!"%"%"%% 1f despite this it is nonethe,ess /e necessary
to insta,, a dry system. the area of operation shou,d /e
increased /y 2$2%
Note ! ei,ing s,opes sha,, not exceed 1)3 (1(%'2) gradient 4 see
#02!"%"%&%%
@a1e -2
241842526.doc
Fon$wo1en s'nthetic fa0ric $ (ac+ storage
-or pallet%sed rolls stored %n s%n1le or double ro? rac>s, treat as 9ate1or2 .H
1oods and re&er to sect%on &or re5u%rements.
-or nonCpallet%sed rolls or ot)er stora1e con41urat%ons o& &abr%c, no re5u%rements
are spec%4ed %n t)%s document. T)e %nsurer <and aut)or%t2, %& appl%cable= s)all be
consulted upon t)e acceptab%l%t2 o& t)e proposed des%1n solut%on on a caseCb2C
case bas%s.
TB234.2. (eferenced docuents
J@9 Rules &or Automat%c 3pr%n>ler 32stems 2((! %ncorporat%n1 B3 0# 12845
J@9 Rules &or Automat%c 3pr%n>ler 32stems %ncorporat%n1 B3 53(6C2
-: ,3 8C!
-: ,3 8C1
-: ,3 2C(
@a1e -3
,RA-T T096#.9AJ BPJJ0T.# 2(" : 2(13 <1=
#he se,ection of sprin-,er
heads
Replaces BS EN Clauses 14.2 and 14.5
#02)(%1 1N#67D8#17N
#his #echnica, 0u,,etin gi+es re9uirements re,ating to the performance. se,ection and
specification of sprin-,er heads: in particu,ar it pro+ides a scheme for the rating and
use of sprin-,er head therma, sensiti+ity%
#02)(%2 S7;<
#his #echnica, 0u,,etin is intended for use in con=unction with 0S <N ,ause 1"%
New re9uirements or changed re9uirements are identified in the text% ;arts of
0S <N ,ause 1" not dea,t with in this #echnica, 0u,,etin remain una,tered%
#02)(%! D<51N1#17NS
#02)(%!%1 <;< pattern sprin-,er
Sprin-,er that gi+es a downward para/o,oid pattern of water discharge with high
discharge density direct,y /e,ow and ad=acent to the sprin-,er and a diminishing
density with increasing distance from the sprin-,er%
#02)(%!%2 <S56 pattern sprin-,er
Sprin-,er that gi+es a downward para/o,oid pattern of water discharge with high
momentum and mass f,ow direct,y /e,ow and ad=acent to the sprin-,er and a
diminishing density with increasing distance from the sprin-,er%
#02)(%" S;61N>?<6 #@;<S AND #A<16 A;;?1A#17N
(6<;?A<S 0S <N ?A8S< 1"%2)
#02)(%"%1 Sprin-,ers sha,, /e used for the +arious haBard c,asses in accordance with #a/,e
#02)(%#1 (o+er,eaf) and as specified in #02)(%"%2 and #02)(%"%!%
@a1e 1 o& 11
,RA-T T096#.9AJ BPJJ0T.# 2(" : 2(13 <1=
#a/,e #02)(%#1 Sprin-,er types and - factors for +arious haBard c,asses (rep,aces 0S <N #a/,e !()
AaBard c,ass
Design density
mm/min
Sprin-,er type Nomina, - factor
?ight AaBard (?A) 2.2$
on+entiona,. spray. cei,ing. f,ush. f,at
spray. recessed. concea,ed
($)
and
sidewa,,
$(
7rdinary AaBard (7A)
$.)
on+entiona,. spray. cei,ing. f,ush. f,at
spray. recessed. concea,ed
($)
and
sidewa,,
*)
<;<
(2)
11$
7A cei,ing +oids
(#022! on,y)
(!)
$.) on+entiona,. cei,ing +oid
(")
. roof +oid
(")
*)
(or 11$)
Aigh AaBard. ;rocess (AA;)
cei,ing or roof sprin-,ers
C

1) on+entiona, D spray *) or 11$
E1). C 12%$ on+entiona, D spray 11$
E12.$ >1') 1')
Aigh AaBard. Storage (AAS)
cei,ing or roof sprin-,ers
C 1) Spray
11$
E1). C 12%$ Spray
1')
E12.$ Spray
F1')
4 <S56
(1)
F

2))
Aigh AaBard. Storage (AAS)
intermediate ,e+e, in-rac-
sprin-,ers in high rac-ed
storage
Note ' Spray 11$
Note 1G See #02)&%
Note 2G See #0222G Ordinary Hazard Group 3 protection usin En!anced "er#or$ance E%tended Co&erae
'E"EC( sprin)ler protection. and #022!G Sprin)ler protection o# concealed spaces in OH3 E"EC sprin)lered
*uildins%
Note !G #022! 7A cei,ing +oid protection in com/ination with <;< sprin-,er protection%
Note "G ;urpose-/ui,t sprin-,ers appro+ed for use in cei,ing +oids or roof +oids%
@a1e 2 o& 11
,RA-T T096#.9AJ BPJJ0T.# 2(" : 2(13 <1=
#a/,e #02)(%#1 Sprin-,er types and - factors for +arious haBard c,asses (rep,aces 0S <N #a/,e !()
AaBard c,ass
Design density
mm/min
Sprin-,er type Nomina, - factor
Note $G oncea,ed or recessed sprin-,ers shou,d not /e used in positi+e,y pressurised p,enums or cei,ing spaces%
Note 'G >11$ intermediate ,e+e, in-rac- sprin-,ers sha,, /e supp,ied with at ,east 1%) /ar pressure
#02)(%"%2 Sidewa,, pattern (rep,aces 0S <N ,ause 1"%2%!)
Sidewa,, sprin-,ers may /e used to protect the fo,,owing o/=ects and ,ocationsG
(a) corridors in Aigh AaBard (AA):
(/) ca/,e ducts:
(c) co,umns and structura, mem/ers in 7rdinary AaBard (7A) and AA storage
faci,ities:
and for genera, protection purposes in the fo,,owing haBardsG
(a) ?ight AaBard (?A). 7A1. 7A2 and 7A! without storage%
Hhere sidewa,, sprin-,ers are used for genera, protection purposes they may on,y /e
insta,,ed under f,at cei,ings and in accordance with the manufacturersI data sheet%
NoteG Sidewa,, sprin-,ers sha,, not /e insta,,ed in AA insta,,ations or 7A storage areas
or a/o+e suspended cei,ings for genera, protection purposes%
#02)(%"%! <xtended-co+erage horiBonta, sidewa,, sprin-,ers
<xtended-co+erage horiBonta, sidewa,, sprin-,ers may /e used in ?A and 7A
app,ications. exc,uding storage areas% <xtended-co+erage horiBonta, sidewa,,
sprin-,ers sha,, /e insta,,ed in accordance with the manufacturersI data sheet%
NoteG #he re9uirements and recommendations of #02)(%!%2 app,y to the extended
co+erage horiBonta, sidewa,, pattern sprin-,er% #heir use shou,d /e restricted to rooms
with ,ow fire ,oadings such as hote, /edrooms and indi+idua, offices%
#02)(%"%" Shan- thread and orifice siBe re,ationship
#he shan- thread nomina, siBe sha,, /e re,ated to the nomina, orifice siBe as gi+en in
#a/,e #02)(%#2%
NoteG #he re,ationship /etween shan- thread and orifice siBe was intended to pre+ent
inad+ertent interchange of orifice siBes when rep,acing sprin-,ers in an insta,,ation%
A num/er of sprin-,ers are now in common use that do not conform to the origina,
orifice siBe/thread siBe re,ationship%
@a1e 3 o& 11
,RA-T T096#.9AJ BPJJ0T.# 2(" : 2(13 <1=
#a/,e #02)(%#2 Sprin-,er nomina, orifice and thread siBes and - factors
Sprin-,er
nomina, orifice
siBe
(mm or --
factor)
Sprin-,er shan-
nomina, thread
siBe
mm
Mean +a,ue of -
factor
?imiting +a,ues of - factor
Dry sprin-,ers Sprin-,ers other than dry
minimum maximum minimum maximum
1) 1) $( $2 '2 $" ')
1$ 1$ *) (" *' (' *"
2)
(1)
2) 11$ 1)' 12" 1)& 121
2) 1$
(2)
11$ 1)' 12" 1)& 121
-1') 2) 1') 1$2 1'* 1$2 1'*
-2))
(!)
2) 2))
(") (")
1&" 21)
-2"2
(!)
2)
($) (") (") ($) ($)
-!2)
(!)
2$
($) (") (") ($) ($)
-!')
(!)
2$
($) (") (") ($) ($)
Note 1G 1nc,uding <;< pattern sprin-,ers%
Note 2G See #02)(%"%$%
Note !G <S56 pattern sprin-,er%
Note "G 5or use in wet-pipe sprin-,er insta,,ations on,y%
Note $G 6efer to supp,ier%
#02)(%"%$ Sprin-,ers with 1$mm shan- threads and a - factor of 11$
(no e9ui+a,ent 0S <N ,ause)
Sprin-,ers with 1$mm shan- threads and a - factor of 11$ sha,, on,y /e used in refit
app,ications. rep,acing 1$mm sprin-,ers (- factor *)). in insta,,ations where the
suita/i,ity of the water supp,ies. pipewor- and en,arged sprin-,er head orifice has /een
pro+en /y fu,, hydrau,ic ca,cu,ation%
NoteG 1n some instances users may wish to ta-e ad+antage of the enhanced
performance of sprin-,ers with a - factor of 11$ in existing insta,,ations% Sprin-,ers are
a+ai,a/,e with a 1$mm shan- thread and - factor of 11$. to ena/,e users to refit
insta,,ations with ,arger orifice sprin-,ers without a,tering the pipewor-%
@a1e 4 o& 11
,RA-T T096#.9AJ BPJJ0T.# 2(" : 2(13 <1=
#02)(%"%' Sprin-,er therma, sensiti+ity
(rep,aces 0S <N ,ause 1"%$ and 0S <N #a/,e !*)
Sprin-,ers of different sensiti+ities sha,, /e used in accordance with ta/,es #02)(%#!
and #02)(%#"%
@a1e - o& 11
,RA-T T096#.9AJ BPJJ0T.# 2(" : 2(13 <1=
#a/,e #02)(%#! Sprin-,er sensiti+ity ratings
Sprin-,er pattern Sensiti+ity ratings
on+entiona,
Spray
-1')

Standard A
or
Specia,
or
Juic-
ei,ing or f,ush
Sidewa,, (upright or pendent)
Specia,
or
Juic-
<S56
<;<
Juic-
6ecessed
oncea,ed
Sidewa,, (horiBonta,)
8nrated
(1)
Note 1G 6ecessed. horiBonta, sidewa,, and concea,ed heads are not designated a therma, sensiti+ity rating% #he
standard therma, sensiti+ity test is not appropriate due to at ,east one of the fo,,owing reasonsG
K the nature of the sprin-,er assem/,y:
K orientation of the sprin-,er frame when insta,,ed: or
K ,ocation of the temperature-sensiti+e e,ement in re,ation to the roof or cei,ing ,ine%
#he temperature-sensiti+e e,ements and their supporting components used in the construction of these sprin-,ers
shou,d operate in accordance with the specia, or 9uic- response re9uirements. when tested in a con+entiona,.
spray or sidewa,, pattern sprin-,er frame or suita/,e mounting assem/,y%
@a1e 2 o& 11
9/::0#TAR] A#, R09/::0#,AT./#3 /# TB2(".4.6
Response t%me %nde* <RT.= %s a measure o& spr%n>ler t)ermal sens%t%$%t2
and %s e*pressed as
RT. [
?)ere
%s t)e t%me constant o& t)e )eat respons%$e element <measured

%n seconds= and
%s t)e 1as $eloc%t2 <measured %n metresOsecond=.

RT. )as un%ts o& <metres . seconds=
1O2
.
9onduct%on &actor <9= %s a measure o& conduct%on )eat trans&er &rom t)e
spr%n>lerBs )eatCsens%t%$e element to t)e spr%n>ler bod2 and t)e 4tt%n1
%nto ?)%c) t)e spr%n>ler %s %nstalled. 9onduct%on &actor <9= )as un%ts o&
<metresOsecond=
1O2
.
RT. can be used %n comb%nat%on ?%t) conduct%on &actor <9= to pred%ct t)e
t%me to operat%on o& a spr%n>ler ?)en subKected to 4re cond%t%ons.
T)e l%m%ts &or respect%$e spr%n>ler t)ermal sens%t%$%t2 rat%n1s are as
s)o?n %n -%1ure TB2(".-1.
T)e t)ermal sens%t%$%t2 test%n1 met)od %s cons%dered unsu%table &or
rat%n1 t)e &ollo?%n1 spr%n>ler t2pes and arran1ements:
T recessed patternR
T concealed patternR
T spr%n>ler )eads ?%t) protect%$e coat%n1s o$er t)e )eat sens%t%$e
element.
T)ese spr%n>ler t2pes and arran1ements o& spr%n>ler are class%4ed as
,RA-T T096#.9AJ BPJJ0T.# 2(" : 2(13 <1=

#a/,e #02)(%#" Sprin-,er therma, sensiti+ity se,ection
Sensiti+ity
rating
(1)

1n-rac- protection ei,ing protection
a/o+e in-rac-
Dry systems and
;re-action #ype A
<S56 and <;< A,, other
Standard LAI No @es
(2)
@es No @es
Specia, No @es
(2)
@es No @es
(!)
Juic- @es @es No
(")
@es @es
(!)
Note 1G Hhen new sprin-,ers are added to an existing sprin-,er insta,,ation. it may /e necessary to ta-e into
account the effect of different sensiti+ities in order to pre+ent excessi+e acti+ations%
Note 2G Hhere in-rac- sprin-,ers are omitted from the top of the rac- and greater re,iance is p,aced on the cei,ing
protection. cei,ing or roof sprin-,ers with a L9uic-I rating shou,d /e used%
Note !G Specia, and 9uic- response sprin-,ers shou,d not /e used to protect cei,ing p,enums where sprin-,er
protection is emp,oyed. see #022!%'%
Note "G Juic- response <;< sprin-,ers may /e used in accordance with #0222 pro+iding a,, of the re9uirements
of dry-pipe systems are met%
#02)(%"%( Se,ection of sprin-,er heads for ,ife safety sprin-,er systems
(see a,so 0S <N Annex 5)
Juic- response sprin-,ers sha,, /e used. except that standard LAI and specia,
response may /e used in rooms no ,ess than $))m
2
in area or no ,ess than $m in
height%
@a1e 5 o& 11
,RA-T T096#.9AJ BPJJ0T.# 2(" : 2(13 <1=
NoteG See 0S <N Annex 5. LSpecia, re9uirements for ,ife safety systemsI. for comprehensi+e ,ife safety
re9uirements%
5igure #02)(%51 Sprin-,er therma, sensiti+ity ratings. 6esponse #ime 1ndex (6#1) and conduction factor ()
@a1e 6 o& 11
,RA-T T096#.9AJ BPJJ0T.# 2(" : 2(13 <1=
#02)(%$ 6eferenced documents
B3. 2((". -%re class%4cat%on o& construct%on products and bu%ld%n1 elements.
9lass%4cat%on us%n1 test data &rom react%on to 4re tests. Jondon, P': B3..
T60 J/33 @R0H0#T./# 9/P#9.J 2((1. 7ecommendations 8or 8ire Safety n
,arehouses0 Bore)am?ood, P', T)e Joss @re$ent%on 9ounc%l <no? T)e -@A=.
P3 #P9J0AR R030AR96 9/P#9.J 2((2. @otent%al @roblems ?%t) 6eat 9ollectors on
-%re @rotect%on 3pr%n>lers. Las)%n1ton, P3.
@a1e 9 o& 11

Draft Technical Bulletin 234-2013-Draft v1 - 00

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241842526.

%s t)e t%me constant o& t)e )eat respons%$e element <measured

%s t)e 1as $eloc%t2 <measured %n metresOsecond=.

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