Coverage Capability

Comparison and Coverage

Solution
R2.0
Coverage Capability Comparison and Coverage Solution Internal Use Only
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Appli&able to, 5S, net6or7 optimi8ation engineers
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About "*is (o&ument
Summary
C*apter (es&ription
1 'ppli-ation S-enarios :es-ription o! appli-ation s-enarios
$ ,aterial Colle-tion :es-ription o! material -olle-tion
9 Coverage Capability Comparison :etails o! -overage -apability -omparison
% Solution !or Coverage Capability
:i!!eren-e
Solution !or -overage -apability di!!eren-e
5 Coverage Capability valuation
Cases
Cases about -overage -apability evaluation
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T'<4 O+ CO(T(TS
3 Appli&ation S&enarios..................................................................................... 3
2 !aterial Colle&tion........................................................................................... 2
4 Coverage Capability Comparison...................................................................4
9)1 ZT =uipment Te-*ni-al Indi-ators))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))9
9)$ Combiner>:ivider Units and Combination ,odes)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))5
9)$)1 Types and 4osses o! Combiner>:ivider Units)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))5
9)$)$ Combination ,odes o! Combiner>:ivider Units))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))5
5 Solution )or Coverage Capability (i))eren&e.................................................6
%)1 TOC ?ZT@ A TOC ?Bisting@))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))7
%)1)1 Stati- "o6er 4evel 'dCustment ?(ot !or S:&@))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))7
%)1)$ T&1 Output "o6er 'dCustment ?+or S:&@)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))7
%)1)9 Using 4o605ain 'ntennas))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))8
%)1)% &edu-ing t*e 'ntenna Deig*t))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))8
%)1)5 &edu-ing t*e 'ntenna :o6ntilt))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))/
%)$ TOC ?ZT@ E TOC ?Bisting@))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))/
%)$)1 'dopting :ual 'ntenna0+eeder Systems ?(ot !or S:&@)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))/
%)$)$ 'dopting :ual 'ntenna0+eeder Systems ?+or S:&@))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))10
%)$)9 'dopting t*e :"CT Te-*nology ?(ot !or S:&@)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))10
%)$)% 'dCusting t*e Stati- "o6er 4evel ?(ot !or S:&@))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))11
%)$)5 'dopting t*e CO0<CCD Te-*nology)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))11
%)$). Installing &&Us>&Us on t*e To6er)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))1$
%)$)7 Using 4o604oss +eeders)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))1$
%)$)8 Using Dig*05ain 'ntennas)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))1$
%)$)/ In-reasing t*e 'ntenna :o6ntilt)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))19
%)$)10 In-reasing t*e 'ntenna Deig*t)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))19
7 Coverage Capability Evaluation Cases........................................................35
5)1 Case 1F &+ output po6er valuation <e!ore t*e S6ap in One S:& S6ap "roCe-t
))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 1%
5)$ Case $F Coverage S*rin7age Caused by Combiner Sele-tion :uring <TS 8000
S6ap))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 15
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3 Appli&ation S&enarios
Git* t*e !ast development o! mobile -ommuni-ationH t*e adCustment and optimi8ation o!
t*e net6or7ing stru-ture is be-oming one o! t*e important business strategies o!
operators gradually) 'nd t*enH t*e number o! net6or7 s6ap proCe-tsH *ome and abroadH
is in-reasing greatlyH and t*e range o! net6or7 s6ap is enlargedH in-luding not only t*e
edge net6or7sH but also large0s-ale metro area net6or7s ?,'(s@) T*e s6ap proCe-t is
one o! t*e 7ey 6or7s o! ZT) G*et*er t*e rules and regulations o! s6ap are per!e-t
in!luen-es t*e s6ap progress and t*e usersI satis!a-tory level dire-tly) In order to ensure
t*e *ig* e!!i-ien-y and smoot* pro-ess o! t*e s6ap proCe-tH its !lo6 and -ontent s*ould
be regulated) In t*is do-umentH -overage -apability evaluation !or t*e eBisting net6or7
be!ore t*e s6ap is des-ribed)
T*is guide is !or regulating and en*an-ing -overage -apability evaluation !or t*e eBisting
net6or7 e=uipment in t*e primary stage o! t*e s6ap proCe-tH and is =uite *elp!ul !or t*e
s6ap 6or7)
T*is do-ument mainly introdu-es t*e di!!eren-es o! t*e te-*ni-al indi-ators o! t*e
e=uipment and pur-*ased parts o! di!!erent vendors and t*e ne-essity o! eBisting
net6or7 evaluation be!ore t*e s6ap and o! -omparison a!ter s6ap) T*e des-ription *as
t6o partsF TOC ?ZT@ A TOC ?eBisting@ and TOC ?ZT@ E TOC ?eBisting@) 'nd ZT S:&
e=uipment and 8000 series e=uipment are des-ribed respe-tively in every part)
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2 !aterial Colle&tion
ObCe-tiveF
To -ommuni-ate 6it* t*e -ustomerH -olle-t t*e e=uipment in!ormationH engineering
parameters o! t*e original net6or7H and radio parameters be!ore t*e s6apH and -*e-7
and analy8e t*e original data)
Gor7 ContentsF
'-=uiring data materials in-luding t*e engineering parameters o! original net6or7H
e=uipment in!ormationH -ombiner lossH to6er ampli!ier lossH and ele-tri-al map
'-=uiring t*e radio parameters o! t*e original net6or7 and :T0log be!ore s6ap
Combing t*e engineering parameters and radio parametersH and preparing data !or
-overage -apability -omparison
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Coverage Capability Comparison and Coverage Solution Internal Use Only
4 Coverage Capability Comparison
ObCe-tiveF
To -ompare and analy8e &+ output po6er be!ore and a!ter t*e s6ap a--ording to t*e
e=uipment indi-ators o! t*e eBisting net6or7 and t*at o! ZT to avoid -overage
s*rin7age a!ter s6ap)
Gor7 ContentsF
5etting t*e t*eoreti-al &+ output po6er o! t*e eBisting net6or7 a--ording to t*e
T&1 output po6erH -ombination modes and lossH to6er ampli!ier types and lossH
and <TS sensitivity o! t*e eBisting e=uipment and stati- output po6er level o! radio
parameters
5etting t*e t*eoreti-al &+ output po6er a!ter t*e s6ap a--ording to t*e T&1 po6erH
-ombination modes and lossH to6er ampli!ier types and lossH and <TS sensitivity o!
ZT e=uipment
Comparing t*e &+ output po6er o! t*e eBisting net6or7 measured by a po6er
meter and t*at -al-ulated t*eoreti-ally in t*e engineering survey be!ore t*e s6ap
Comparing t*e results o! t*e a-tual test and t*eoreti-al -al-ulation o! t*e &+ output
po6er !or ZT test <TSH and veri!ying t*e e!!e-tiveness o! t*e stati- po6er level
value
Note,
1 I! t*e eBternal -ombiner is e=uipped a!ter t*e s6apH t*e eBternal -ombiner loss
s*ould be -onsidered in t*e &+ output po6er -al-ulation)
$ I! t*e to6er ampli!ier is e=uippedH in!ormation about its types and loss s*ould be
a-=uiredH and t*e to6er ampli!ier loss s*ould be -onsidered in t*e &+ output po6er)
4.3 #"E E8uipment "e&*ni&al Indi&ators
<TS transmitting po6er J S:&
E8uipment
"ype
"9 $:ER
Remar/s
5,SK ?;oi-eH
CS1LCS%H
,CS1L,CS%@
80"SK
?,CS5L,CS/@
&U0$ %5 G $8 G T*is e=uipment is appli-able
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Coverage Capability Comparison and Coverage Solution Internal Use Only
E8uipment
"ype
"9 $:ER
Remar/s
5,SK ?;oi-eH
CS1LCS%H
,CS1L,CS%@
80"SK
?,CS5L,CS/@
6*en t*e number o! T&1s in
ea-* -ell is less t*an %)G*en
t*ere are more t*an t6o
T&1sH signals *ave to go
t*roug* a -ombinerH 6*i-*
-auses a loss o! 9 d<)
:"CT>::T>+G:&>I&C is
supported) :ual0density T&1
is used)
&U.0 .0 G %0 G
T*e &+ po6er is related to
t*e number o! logi-al T&1s
-on!igured on ea-* &&U)
T*is e=uipment supports
::T>+G:&>I&CH but does
not support :"CT) ,ultiple0
density T&1 is used)
&88.0 .0 G %0 G
T*e &+ po6er is related to
t*e number o! logi-al T&1s
-on!igured on ea-* &&U)
One opti-al !iber supports
t*e -as-ading -onne-tion o!
up to 5 &&UsH and t*e
-apa-ity o! $% T&1s) T*is
e=uipment supports
::T>+G:&>I&CH but does
not support :"CT) ,ultiple0
density T&1 is used)
<TS transmitting po6er J 8000 series
E8uipment
"ype
"9 $:ER
Remar/s
5,SK ?;oi-eH
CS1LCS%H
,CS1L,CS%@
80"SK
?,CS5L,CS/@
<8018 .0 G %0 G
T*e &+ po6er is related to
t*e T&1 -on!iguration o! t*e
-ellH -ombiner sele-tionH and
ne6 antennas)
:"CT>::T>+G:&>I&C is
supported) :ual0density T&1
is used)
<811$ .0 G %0 G
T*e &+ po6er is related to
t*e T&1 -on!iguration o! t*e
-ellH -ombiner sele-tionH and
ne6 antennas)
:"CT>::T>+G:&>I&C is
supported) :ual0density T&1
is used)
,8$0$ 90 G ?ra-70top@ 1/ G ?ra-70 T*ere is no -ombiner ?neit*er
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Coverage Capability Comparison and Coverage Solution Internal Use Only
E8uipment
"ype
"9 $:ER
Remar/s
5,SK ?;oi-eH
CS1LCS%H
,CS1L,CS%@
80"SK
?,CS5L,CS/@
top@
built0in nor eBternal@ in
,8$0$H and t*e &+ output
po6er 7eeps being 90G
?5,SK@>1/6 ?"SK@) ,8$0$
does not support :"CTH but
supports ::T>+G:&>I&C)
:ual0density T&1 is used)
,8$0. 90 G ?ra-70top@
18 G ?ra-70
top@
,8$0. *as eBternal
-ombiner CUH and CU
loss s*ould be -onsidered
6*en -ombination is
ne-essary) :uring :"CTH t*e
obCe-tive o! introdu-ing CU
is !or po6er -ombination in
CU and p*ase -*e-7 in
C,< inside t*e T&1) 't t*is
timeH CU loss s*ould not be
-al-ulated) ,8$0. supports
:"CT>::T>I&C>+G:&)
:ual0density T&1 is used)
4.2 Combiner;(ivider <nits and Combination !odes
4.2.3 "ypes and Losses o) Combiner;(ivider <nits
Combiner
=GS!>00?
Loss =d-?
Combiner
=GS!3@00?
Loss =d-?
C:U5 %)% C:U: %).
CU5 9)5 CU: 9).
C(5 5)9 C(: 5)5
,C:U5 %)% ,C:U: %).
C:U5 1 C:U: 1
CU 9)5 CU 9)5
4.2.2 Combination !odes o) Combiner;(ivider <nits
C:U ?<y pass@
C:U M C(U
C:U
C:U M CU
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C:U ?<y pass@ M C(U
CU:
,C:U
C:U M CU M C(U
CU
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Coverage Capability Comparison and Coverage Solution Internal Use Only
5 Solution )or Coverage Capability
(i))eren&e
5.3 "C =#"E? A "C =EBisting?
5.3.3 Stati& $o+er Level AdCustment =Not )or S(R?
T*e engineer s*ould ma7e t*e &+ output po6er o! ZT e=ual to or be -lose to t*at o!
t*e eBisting net6or7 t*roug* adCusting t*e stati- po6er level) <e-ause t*e minimal step
lengt* o! t*e stati- po6er level o! some vendors is 0)$ d<H but t*at o! ZT is $ d<H t*e
TOC o! ZT -annot be eBa-tly e=ual to t*e TOC o! ot*er vendors t*roug* parameter
adCustment) I! t*e t6o values are -lose to ea-* ot*erH t*e engineer -an use a po6er
meter to measure t*e a-tual po6er and ma7e some analysis and evaluation in :T or
engineering survey be!ore t*e s6ap) UsuallyH 6e ensure t*at t*e &+ output po6er o!
ZT net6or7 is not 6ea7er t*an t*at o! t*e eBisting net6or7) '!ter t*e s6apH t*e engineer
-an ma7e mi-ro adCustment a!ter <TS -ongestion analysis) Do6everH !or t*e dense
urban areasH &+ output po6er o! ZT net6or7 -an be a little bit 6ea7er t*an t*at o!
eBisting net6or7H and t*e engineer -an ma7e mi-ro adCustment on t*e basis o! :T
analysis a!ter s6ap)
'dvantagesF
T*roug* parameter adCustmentH t*e &+ output po6er a!ter s6ap -an be -onsistent
to t*at be!ore s6ap)
:isadvantagesF
T*e intensity o! in0dept* -overage 6ill be 6ea7enedH 6*i-* 6ill in!luen-e t*e
usersI per-eption)
G*en t*e value o! t*e parameter is largeH t*e a-tual value 6ill be smaller t*an
t*e t*eoreti-al one)
5.3.2 "R9 utput $o+er AdCustment =For S(R?
+or S:&0&U.0H t*e a-tual T&1 output po6er -an be adCusted ?10H 1$H 15H $0H 90H .0@
6it*in t*e maBimum T&1 output po6er ?.0 G@) I! t*e &+ output po6er a!ter t*e s6ap is
not -onsistent to t*at be!ore t*e s6ap t*roug* stati- po6er level adCustmentH t*e
engineer -an try to adCust T&1 output po6er)
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5.3.4 <sing Lo+2Gain Antennas
Using lo60gain antenna -an ensure t*e -overage range -onsisten-y be!ore and a!ter t*e
s6ap) '-tuallyH !rom t*e primary stage to t*e mature stageH -ell splitting 7eeps
*appening in t*e net6or7H and t*e site spa-ing be-omes narro6er) In order to avoid t*e
internal inter!eren-e and overs*ootingH lo60gain antenna -an be used as an e!!e-tive
met*od)
'dvantagesF
Coverage range -an be -ontrolled e!!e-tivelyH and in0dept* -overage -an be
ensured)
"roblems li7e t*e internal inter!eren-e and overs*ooting -aused by -ell
splitting -an be solved)
:isadvantagesF
T*e !easibility is still to be evaluatedH 6*i-* is related to t*e delivery -y-le and
-ost o! antenna)
:uring lo60gain antenna repla-ingH t*e engineer s*ould a-=uire t*e operatorIs
approval !irstlyH and <TS po6er 6ill be o!! and t*e <TS 6ill be out o! servi-e)
T*e engineering 6or7load is *eavy and t*e operation period is longH so t*is
operation eBerts -ertain in!luen-es on t*e net6or7)
5.3.5 Redu&ing t*e Antenna %eig*t
T*e engineer -an ensure t*e -overage -onsisten-y be!ore and a!ter t*e s6ap by
redu-ing t*e antenna *eig*t) T*e to6er0top lo-ation s*ould be !iBed a--ording to t*e
engineering survey on site)
'dvantagesF
Coverage range -an be -ontrolled e!!e-tivelyH and in0dept* -overage -an be
ensured)
T*e pro-ess !rom t*e primary stage o! net6or7 building to t*e mature stage o!
net6or7H 6it* t*e !ast development o! t*e -ityH is t*e evolution o! &U0AU)
&edu-ing antenna *eig*t -an -ontrol t*e inter!eren-e in t*e net6or7 and
en*an-e t*e net6or7 =uality)
:isadvantagesF
T*e !easibility is still to be evaluated) T*e problem o! to6er spa-e in-reases
t*e di!!i-ulty level o! t*e engineering implementation)
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5.3.7 Redu&ing t*e Antenna (o+ntilt
In order to ensure t*e net6or7 -overage a!ter t*e s6apH t*e &+ output po6er s*ould be
stronger t*an t*at o! t*e eBisting net6or7) 'nd t*en t*e best met*od is to redu-e t*e
antenna do6ntilt and ensure in0dept* -overage) '--ording to t*e a-tual :T test and
analysis a!ter t*e s6apH t*e engineer -an use Kat*rein antenna do6ntilt -al-ulation tool
to adCust Cluster area -overage to ensure t*at t*ere is no overs*ooting 6*en t*e
-onse-utive -overage is guaranteed) T*is met*od -an redu-e t*e net6or7 inter!eren-e
greatly)
'dvantagesF
T*is operation -an guarantee t*e -overage as 6ell as in0dept* -overage)
T*is met*od is t*e best substitute !or stati- po6er level adCustment in t*e
s6ap proCe-t)
Capa-ity eBpansion is al6ays ne-essary a!ter t*e s6ap ?T*e eBpansion
in-luding ne6 sites building@H and antenna do6ntilt minimi8ing is one e!!e-tive
met*od to suppress overs*ooting and inter!eren-e)
:isadvantagesF
It is ne-essary to ma7e adCustmentH re!erential per!orman-e statisti-s and :T
analysis in t*e engineering optimi8ation a!ter t*e s6ap) T*e engineering
6or7load is *eavy and t*e operation period is longH 6*i-* eBerts -ertain
in!luen-es on t*e net6or7)
5.2 "C =#"E? D "C =EBisting?
5.2.3 Adopting (ual Antenna2Feeder Systems =Not )or S(R?
I! t*e -apa-ity s*ould be -*anged !rom %T&1s to 5N8 T&1sH it is ne-essary to add
level 1 -ombiner unit) <asi-allyH all t*e vendors 6ill *ave t*e problem o! -overage
s*rin7age -aused by t*e &+ output po6er redu-tion) T*is problem -an be avoided i! dual
antenna !eeder systems are used and t*e -ombiner unit is not added)
'dvantagesF
ven i! a single -ell is eBpanded by % T&1sH t*e -overage -an still be
guaranteed)
's t*e in-rease o! t*e user numberH t*e dual antenna0!eeder system
eBpansion be-omes -onvenientH and -overage s*rin7age 6ill not *appen)
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:isadvantagesF
It is ne-essary to add one antenna !eeder system and t*e spa-e !or
installationH pole number and relative -omponents o! t*e to6er s*ould be
-onsidered)
5.2.2 Adopting (ual Antenna2Feeder Systems =For S(R?
I! t*e -apa-ity s*ould be eBpanded to more t*an $ &&UsH it is ne-essary to add t*e
eBternal -ombiner unit) <asi-allyH all t*e vendors 6ill *ave t*e problem o! -overage
s*rin7age -aused by &+ output po6er redu-tion) T*is problem -an be avoided i! dual
antenna !eeder systems are used and t*e eBternal -ombiner unit is not added)
'dvantagesF
's t*e in-rease o! t*e user numberH t*e dual antenna !eeder system
eBpansion be-omes -onvenientH and t*e -overage s*rin7age 6ill not *appen)
:4 dual0antenna transmission brings $)5 d< spa-e diversity gainsH and t*e :4
transmission po6er -an be in-reased by $)5 d< on t*e basis o! po6er
mat-*ing)
:isadvantagesF
It is ne-essary to add one antenna !eeder systemH and t*e spa-e !or
installation pole number and relative -omponents o! t*e to6er s*ould be
-onsidered)
Note,
+or s6ap and eBpansion proCe-tsH t*e engineering re-onstru-tion 6ill be made a--ording
to t*e !inal -on!iguration a!ter eBpansion in t*e s6ap stage) Do6everH be-ause o! agile
on0site operationH maybe t*e s6ap is -ondu-ted in t*e ratio o! 1F1H and t*enH t*e
eBpansion is -ondu-ted) I! S:& dual antenna !eeder systems are ne-essary a!ter t*e
!inal eBpansionH and one antenna is used a!ter t*e s6ap on t*e ratio o! 1F1H t*e se-ond
used antenna a!ter eBpansion 6ill bring $)5 d< spa-e diversity gainsH and po6er
remat-*ing is ne-essary) &edu-ing t*e po6er 6ill bring about :4 gain)
5.2.4 Adopting t*e ($C" "e&*nology =Not )or S(R?
In order to meet t*e -ustomerIs re=uirement o! 6ide -overageH :"CT te-*nology is
adopted in $T&1>1-ell !or =uali!ied -overage)
'dvantagesF
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Coverage Capability Comparison and Coverage Solution Internal Use Only
Git* $)5 d< :4 gain broug*t by internal -ombination dedu-tedH t*e dual0T&1
Coint transmission -an satis!y t*e -ustomerIs re=uirement o! 6ide -overage)
:isadvantagesF
T*e p*ysi-al -on!iguration is $ times o! t*e a-tual -apa-ityH and t*e -apa-ity is
sa-ri!i-ed !or -overage)
+or t*e -ells 6it* less t*an t6o T&1s and t*e -ells 6it* less t*an . T&1sH
:"CT is re-ommendedO !or -ells 6it* more t*an $ T&1sH :"CT is not
re-ommended)
5.2.5 AdCusting t*e Stati& $o+er Level =Not )or S(R?
I! t*e &+ output po6er o! eBisting net6or7 is stronger t*en t*at a!ter t*e s6ap ?6it*in M
1)5 d<@H t*e engineer -an adCust t*e stati- po6er level to improve t*e &+ output po6er
a!ter t*e s6ap)
'dvantagesF
T*e engineer -an adopt some temporary and eBtreme met*ods to improve t*e
&+ output po6er to guarantee t*e -overage)
:isadvantagesF
T*e po6er -onsumption 6ill be in-reasedH and t*e e=uipment li!e time 6ill be
impa-ted)
5.2.7 Adopting t*e C2-CC% "e&*nology
In some spe-ial s-enarios su-* as dense urban areasH t*ere are big tra!!i- groups near
t*e <TSH and site -on!iguration is large) +or <TS ;9 6it* 5L. T&1sH t*e met*od o! %
T&1s -onne-ting to CU M C:UH and 1L$ T&1s -onne-ting to C:U -an be adopted ?I!
t*e -ell *as 1 T&1H t*e signal 6ill go t*roug* bypass -ombiner@) +or S:& <TSH t*e
met*od o! T&1 po6er setting -an be adopted) G*at is moreH t*e a-tual -overage o!
eBisting net6or7 and di!!eren-e value o! po6ers o! inner and outer -ir-les s*ould be
evaluatedH and t*e <CCD T&1 &+ output po6er o! -o0<CCD s*ould be -onsistent to
t*at o! t*e eBisting net6or7)
'dvantagesF
T*e ,S *andover -an be -ondu-ted bet6een sub-ellsH and t*e tra!!i- in t*e
*ot areas near t*e <TS -an be absorbed greatly) I! t*e tra!!i- is -entrali8ed
near t*e <TSH t*e -apa-ity -an be improved obviously)
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T*e !re=uen-y multipleBing rate o! (o)$ sub-ell is in-reasedH and t*e
!re=uen-ies used in t*is -ell -an also be used in adCa-ent -ells)
It is unne-essary to -*ange t*e net6or7 stru-tureH and t*ere is no spe-ial
re=uirement on t*e *ard6are o! t*e system)
:isadvantagesF
T*e evaluation !or s-enarios s*ould be meti-ulousH and outer -ir-le
-ongestion may *appen)
+or t*e net6or7 6it* good tra!!i- balan-eH t*e -apa-ity may be in-reased a
little or even redu-ed)
5.2.E Installing RR<s;R<s on t*e "o+er
Installing &&U>&U on t*e to6er -an avoid !eeder loss and -overage s*rin7age a!ter
s6ap and eBpansion)
'dvantagesF
T*e !eeder loss -an be redu-ed and -overage -an be improved e!!e-tively)
:isadvantagesF
Installing &&Us>&Us on t*e to6er adds t*e di!!i-ulty and -ost to t*e
engineering maintenan-e)
:uring t*e pro-ess o! installing &&Us>&Us on t*e to6erH t*e engineer s*ould
a-=uire t*e operatorIs approval !irstlyH and <TS po6er 6ill be o!! and t*e <TS
6ill be out o! servi-e) T*e engineering 6or7load is *eavy and t*e operation
period is longH so t*is operation eBerts -ertain in!luen-es on t*e net6or7)
5.2.6 <sing Lo+2Loss Feeders
Using lo60loss !eeders -an redu-e t*e !eeder loss and avoid t*e -overage s*rin7age
be!ore and a!ter s6ap)
'dvantagesF
T*e !eeder loss -an be redu-ed and -overage -an be improved e!!e-tively)
:isadvantagesF
T*e !eeder 6it* lo6 loss -osts mu-*)
ZT Con!idential "roprietary # $01% ZT CO&"O&'TIO() 'll rig*ts reserved) 1$
Coverage Capability Comparison and Coverage Solution Internal Use Only
:uring t*e operationH t*e engineer s*ould a-=uire t*e operatorIs approval
!irstlyH and <TS po6er 6ill be do6n and t*e <TS 6ill be out o! servi-e) T*e
engineering 6or7load is *eavy and t*e operation period is longH so t*is
operation eBerts -ertain in!luen-es on t*e net6or7)
5.2.@ <sing %ig*2Gain Antennas
Using *ig*0gain antennas -an guarantee t*e -overage a!ter t*e s6ap)
'dvantagesF
T*e <TS -overage -apability -an be en*an-edH and t*e -overage s*rin7age
-an be avoided be!ore and a!ter t*e s6ap)
:isadvantagesF
T*e !easibility is still to be evaluatedH 6*i-* is related to t*e delivery -y-le and
-ost o! antennas)
:uring t*e operationH t*e engineer s*ould a-=uire t*e operatorIs approval
!irstlyH and <TS po6er 6ill be o!! and t*e <TS 6ill be out o! servi-e) T*e
engineering 6or7load is *eavy and t*e operation period is longH so t*is
operation eBerts -ertain in!luen-es on t*e net6or7)
5.2.> In&reasing t*e Antenna (o+ntilt
+or antennas 6it* t*e ele-tri-al do6ntiltH t*e engineer -an in-rease t*e do6ntilt properly
i! ne-essary to improve t*e distan-e and -apability o! -overage)
'dvantagesF
T*e -overage radius o! t*e -ell s*ould be -onsistent to t*at be!ore t*e s6ap)
:isadvantagesF
It is ne-essary to ma7e adCustment a--ording to t*e per!orman-e statisti-s
and :T analysis in engineering optimi8ation a!ter t*e s6ap) T*e engineering
6or7load is *eavy and t*e operation period is longH 6*i-* eBerts -ertain
in!luen-es on t*e net6or7)
5.2.30 In&reasing t*e Antenna %eig*t
I! t*e -overage o! t*e eBisting net6or7 be!ore t*e s6ap -annot be a-*ieved a!ter all t*e
met*ods *ave been triedH t*e engineer -an try to in-rease t*e antenna *eig*t) T*e
prere=uisite is t*at t*e antenna o! t*e eBisting net6or7 is not at t*e maBimum *eig*t)
ZT Con!idential "roprietary # $01% ZT CO&"O&'TIO() 'll rig*ts reserved) 19
Coverage Capability Comparison and Coverage Solution Internal Use Only
'dvantagesF
T*e engineer -an improve t*e -overage -apability 6it* eBtreme met*ods)
:isadvantagesF
T*e !easibility is still to be evaluated) T*e problem o! to6er spa-e in-reases
t*e di!!i-ulty level o! t*e engineering implementation)
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Coverage Capability Comparison and Coverage Solution Internal Use Only
7 Coverage Capability Evaluation Cases
7.3 Case 3, RF output po+er Evaluation -e)ore t*e
S+ap in ne S(R S+ap $roCe&t
"roCe-t <a-7groundF
One transnational operator pur-*ased t*e $5 net6or7 o! anot*er -ountryH and t*e
bidding !or t*e s6ap and eBpansion o! t*e $5 net6or7 started) T*e pre0sale bidding time
6as longH and t*e bidding and implementation 6ere in di!!erent -ountries) T*e S:&
?&U0$P&U.0@ e=uipment 6as adopted in t*is proCe-tH and t*e e=uipment model
sele-tion 6as planned by t*e operator)
ImplementationF
'!ter learning t*e proCe-t -ondition on site and evaluating t*e &+ output po6er o! t*e
e=uipment o! t*e eBisting net6or7 and ZT e=uipmentH t*e a!ter0sales net6or7 planning
and optimi8ation group !ound t*at most <TSs -annot a-*ieve t*e &+ output po6er o!
eBisting net6or7 a!ter t*e s6ap) 'nd t*ey learned t*at most o! operatorIs <TSs did not
ma7e transmission 6it* !ull po6erH and set t*e stati- po6er level at ba-7ground) '!ter
a-=uiring t*e relevant data !rom t*e operator and ma7ing t*e evaluation againH t*ey -an
ma7e t*e &+ output po6er a!ter t*e s6ap -onsistent to t*at o! t*e eBisting net6or7 and
guarantee t*e -overage)
'!ter t*e s6ap parameter planning is -ompletedH ZT engineer !ound t*at t*e &+ output
po6er a!ter t*e s6ap 6as not -onsistent to t*at o! eBisting net6or7) T*e step lengt* o!
stati- po6er level o! eBisting net6or7 e=uipment 6as 0)$ d<H but t*at o! ZT e=uipment
6as $ d<H and t*e a-tual test result o! t*e &+ output po6er o! t*e eBisting net6or7 and
ZT net6or7 6ere nearly t*e same 6it* t*e t*eoreti-al -al-ulation result) ZT engineer
analy8ed t*e :T04O5 againH and de-ided to ma7e t*e &+ output po6er o! t*e <TSs in
rural area une=ual to t*at o! eBisting net6or7 being a little bit stronger t*an t*at o! t*e
eBisting net6or7H and t*e &+ output po6er o! t*e <TSs in urban area being a little bit
6ea7er t*an t*at o! t*e eBisting net6or7) '!ter t*e s6apH ZT engineer -ondu-ted
engineering optimi8ationH and improve t*e po6er o! some <TSs by redu-ing t*e antenna
do6ntiltH and ensure t*e in0dept* -overage in t*e -ondition o! -onse-utive -overage
guaranteedH and overs*ooting avoided)
SummaryF
In t*e initial stage o! t*e proCe-tH t*e -ustomerIs real demands and t*eir reasons s*ould
be -learly learned) :uring implementationH data -olle-tion s*ould be -ompleteH data
-on!iguration be!ore t*e s6ap s*ould be prepared) T*e data -on!iguration related to
net6or7 -overage must be -ompre*ensive and a--urate)
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7.2 Case 2, Coverage S*rin/age Caused by
Combiner Sele&tion (uring -"S @000 S+ap
"roCe-t <a-7groundF
In t*e eBisting net6or7H (S(Is 5S,/00 <TSs and 5S,1800 <TSs 6ere usedH t*e T&1
output po6er o! t*e 5S,/00 net6or7 6as %0 GH and 5S,1800 <TSs 6it* 7 or 8 T&1s
in one -ell used dual antennas and level 1 %0in01 -ombiner) In e=uipment type sele-tion
planH 5S,/00 s6ap used .0 G T&1 output po6erH and 5S,1800 <TS 6it* 7 or 8 T&1s
in one -ell -ombiner used (C:U M (CU level $ -ombination mode in t*e s6ap)
ImplementationF
T*e ZT a!ter0sales net6or7 planning and optimi8ation group did not evaluate t*e &+
output po6er a!ter arriving at t*e site) +or a 5S,/00 <TSH be-ause t*e &+ output po6er
a!ter s6ap 6as stronger t*an t*at o! t*e eBisting net6or7H t*e -ongestion and
overs*ooting 6ere =uite serious) +or a 5S,1800 <TS 6it* large -on!igurationH be-ause
o! level $ -ombinationH t*e &+ output po6er a!ter t*e s6ap is 6ea7er t*an t*at o!
eBisting net6or7H and number o! idle -ells in-reased) T*ere 6ere $ antennas !or ea-*
-ell in t*e eBisting net6or7H so one antenna 6as idle) :uring engineering optimi8ationH it
6as *ard to distinguis* 6*i-* antenna !eeder system 6as at 6or7 in antenna !eeder
system adCustment)
T*e net6or7 planning engineers !ound t*e &+ output po6er stronger t*an t*at o! t*e
eBisting net6or7 on timeH and redu-ed t*e antenna do6ntilt a--ording to t*e evaluation
and :T result) +or t*e 5S,1800 <TSs 6it* 7 or 8 T&1s in one -ellH it 6as suggested to
-on!igure (C:U to ma7e t*e signal pass t*e level 1 -ombiner) '--ording to t*e
mar7eting solutionH t*e &+ output po6er s*ould be 8)1 d<H and a--ording to net6or7
planning solutionH it s*ould be %). d<) T*e spe-i!i- plan is s*o6n as !ollo6s)
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In t*is solutionH t*e signal 6ill pass t*e level $ -ombinerH and (C:U M (CU Q %). M 9)5
Q 8)1 d<)
,ar7eting solutionF
In t*is solutionH t*e signal 6ill pass t*e level 1 -ombinerH and (C:U Q %). d<)
(et6or7 planning solution
SummaryF
T*e produ-t sele-tion 6as not -onsidered meti-ulouslyH and t*en t*ere 6as no ba-7up
(C:U) T*ere!ore t*e net6or7 planning solution -ould not be implementedH 6*i-* led to
-ongestion in 5S,/00 <TS and idle status in 5S,1800 <TS)
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