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This document outlines rules and regulations from the National Pollution Control Commission regarding domestic wastewater disposal. It discusses guidelines for sanitary sewer design including:
- Sewers must be designed to accommodate an average daily per capita flow of at least 200 liters.
- Laterals and minor sewers should be designed to accommodate flows equivalent to four times the average daily flow.
- Gravity sewers must be at least 200mm in diameter and sloped to achieve a minimum velocity of 0.6m/s.
- Manholes must be installed at intervals no greater than 120m for sewers 380mm or less, and 150m for sewers 460-760mm.
This document outlines rules and regulations from the National Pollution Control Commission regarding domestic wastewater disposal. It discusses guidelines for sanitary sewer design including:
- Sewers must be designed to accommodate an average daily per capita flow of at least 200 liters.
- Laterals and minor sewers should be designed to accommodate flows equivalent to four times the average daily flow.
- Gravity sewers must be at least 200mm in diameter and sloped to achieve a minimum velocity of 0.6m/s.
- Manholes must be installed at intervals no greater than 120m for sewers 380mm or less, and 150m for sewers 460-760mm.
This document outlines rules and regulations from the National Pollution Control Commission regarding domestic wastewater disposal. It discusses guidelines for sanitary sewer design including:
- Sewers must be designed to accommodate an average daily per capita flow of at least 200 liters.
- Laterals and minor sewers should be designed to accommodate flows equivalent to four times the average daily flow.
- Gravity sewers must be at least 200mm in diameter and sloped to achieve a minimum velocity of 0.6m/s.
- Manholes must be installed at intervals no greater than 120m for sewers 380mm or less, and 150m for sewers 460-760mm.
RULES AND REGULATIONS OF THE NATIONAL POLLUTION CONTROL COMMISSION
FOR DOMESTIC WASTEWATER DISPOSAL
Pursuant to the provisions of Section 6(g) of Presidential Decree No. 984, otherwise known as the " National Pollution Control Decree of 1976", the National Pollution Control Commission hereby adopts and promulgates the following Rules and Regulations governing the disposal of domestic wastewater.
SEC. 22. Capacity of Sanitary Sewers. -
(a) New sewer systems shall be designed on the basis of an average daily per capita flow of sewage of not less than 200 liters per day. This figure is assumed to cover normal infiltration in the system, but an additional allowance should be made where conditions are unfavorable.
(b) The maximum hourly quantity of domestic sewage, commercial and industrial wastes, and groundwater infiltration shall be considered in determining the capacities of sanitary sewers.
(c) Laterals and minor sewers shall be designed, when flowing full, by assuming flows equivalent to four times the average daily flows, unless lesser design flows are justified by studies covered in the engineering report.
SEC. 23. Minimum Size.- No gravity sewer conveying raw sewage shall be less than 200 mm. in diameter. The use of 150 mm. diameter pipe will be given consideration where the design computations justify its use.
SEC. 24. Slope.-All sewers shall be so designed and constructed as to give mean velocities, when flowing full, of not less than 0.6 m/s based on Manning's formula using an "n" value of 0.013. Use of other practice "n" values may be permitted if deemed justifiable on the basis of research or field data presented. The following are the minimum slopes which should be provided; however, slopes greater than these are desirable:
Note: For lines larger than 900 mm (36") in diameter, the slope shall be determined by a standard recognized formula to maintain a minimum velocity of 0.6 m/s ( 2 feet per second).
SEC. 25. High Velocity Protection. - In the case of sewers where the slope and volume are such that a velocity of 4.6 m/s is realized at average flow, special provisions shall be made to protect against erosion and shock.
SEC. 26. Alignment.- Sewers 600 mm. (24" or less in diameter shall be laid in straight alignment with uniform grade between manholes. The alignment shall be checked by lamping.
SEC. 27. Changes in Pipe Size. - When a smaller sewer joins a larger one, the invert of the larger sewer should be lowered sufficiently to maintain the same energy gradient as in the previous pipe.
SEC. 28. Superimposed Loads.- All sewers shall be designed to prevent damage from superimposed loads. Proper allowance for loads on the sewer shall be made because of the width and depth of the trench. Where necessary to withstand extra-ordinary superimposed loading, special bedding, concrete cradle or special construction may be used.
SEC. 29. Trenching.- The width of the trench shall be ample to allow the pipe to be laid and jointed properly and to allow the backfill to be placed and compacted as needed. The trench side shall be kept as nearly vertical as possible. When wider trenches are dug, appropriate bedding class and pipe strength shall be used. Ledge rocks, boulders, and large stones shall be removed to provide a minimum clearance of 10 centimeters below and on each side of all pipes.
SEC. 30. Backfill.-Backfill shall be made of a suitable material removed from excavation except where other material is specified. Debris, large clods or stones, organic matter, or other unstable materials shall not be used for backfill within 0.60 m. of the top of the pipe. Backfill shall be placed in such a manner as not to disturb the alignment of the pipe.
SEC. 31. Joints.- The manner of the installation of joints and the materials used shall be included in the specifications. Sewer joints shall be designed to minimize infiltration and to fully prevent the entrance of roots into the pipe throughout the life of the system.
SEC. 33. Manholes.-
(a) Manholes shall be installed at the end of each line; at all changes in grade, size, or alignment; at all intersections; and at distances not greater than 120 meters for sewers 380 mm in diameter or less and 150 meters for sewers 460 to 760 mm in diameter. Greater spacing may be permitted in larger sewers.
(b) The location of manholes in streams should be avoided.
(c) The flow channel through manholes should be read to conform in shape and slope to that of the sewers.
(d) A drop pipe should be provided for a sewer entering a manhole at an elevation of 0.60 m. or more above the manhole invert. Where the difference between the incoming sewer and the manhole invert is less than o.60 m. the invert should be filleted to prevent solid deposition. In general, drop manholes shall be constructed with an outside drop connection. The entire drop connection shall be encased in concrete material.
(e) The minimum diameter of manholes shall be 900 mm; larger diameters are preferable for large diameter sewers. A minimum access diameter of 560 mm shall be provided.
(f) Manholes shall be of pre-cast concrete, poured-in-place concrete, or other approved water-tight types. Manholes of brick or segmented block shall be waterproofed on the exterior with plastic coatings. In unstable soils, inlet and outlet pipes shall be joined to the manhole with a gasketed flexible watertight connection arrangement that allows differential settlement of the pipe, and watertight manhole covers are to be used wherever the manhole tops may be flooded by street runoff or high water. Locked manhole covers may be desirable in isolated casement locations or where vandalism may be a problem.
SEC. 34. Inverted Siphons.- The use of inverted siphons shall be kept to a minimum; but, where they must be used, they shall consist of at least two lines, one of which is of a size of not less than 200 mm. in diameter. The minimum velocity use, in their design shall be 0.90 m/s considering the average dry weather flow. Under the minimum dry weather flow conditions, the independent operation of one of the lines shall provide the minimum velocity of 0.90 m/s. Where the above conditions cannot be met, some other means shall be provided. The inlet and outlet details shall be so arranged that the normal flow is diverted to one barrel, and that either barrel may be out of service for cleaning.
NATIONAL PLUMBING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES:
Section 1205 The minimum size of any sewer building shall be determined on the basis of the total number of fixture units drained by such sewer, in accordance with table 12-2. No building sewer shall be smaller than 150mm nor less in size than the building drain.