INTERIOR LIGHTING 10-47

Milk House
The milk house requires illumination, since considerable work is per-
formed there during the dark hours following the milking of the cows in the
late afternoon and early morning, particularly during the winter months
when the days are short. The various operations such as milk separation,
cooling, bottling, etc., require maintenance of most sanitary and orderly
conditions. Illumination assists in carrying out such a program.
For most rooms, a symmetrical arrangement provides the best light
distribution. (See Fig. 10-32b.) Under some conditions, the arrangement
of milk-handling equipment calls for local or localized-general lighting.
For general lighting, 100- to 150-watt, incandescent-filament lamps should
be specified; for localized-general lighting, 60- or 75-watt, incandescent-
filament lamps and for local lighting, 25- or 40-watt, incandescent-filament
lamps. Direct type, corrosion resistant reflectors or enclosing globes are
preferable for general lighting, while deep bowl reflectors are preferable for
local lighting. Not less than 5 footcandles and preferably 10 should be
provided for general work. Higher levels justified for special operations
are being provided in some places by fluorescent-lamp equipment.
Barns
There are many types of barns; the most common are dairy, horse, cattle,
sheep, hog, and general barns. Typical barn design seldom provides for
much daylight, and much of the regular work in a barn is done during
hours when there is little or no daylight available. Good electrical illumina-
tion is necessary. The care of the stock, especially the sick and the young,
is aided by proper lighting.
The dairy bam should have better lighting than most types because of
the particular need of cleanliness, an important factor in keeping the
bacteria content of milk at a low point. Usually, dairy barns are arranged
in a series of alleys, one set for feeding and the other set for milking and
cleaning. This lends itself readily to the installation of luminaires spaced
10 to 15 feet apart down the center of each alley. (See Fig. 10-33a.)
For the care of young calves box stalls with 4-foot partitions usually are
located at one end of the barn. Unless an alley light comes directly op-
posite, a local light over each stall is desirable. Shallow-dome reflectors
using 60- or 100-watt incandescent lamps and mounted close to the ceiling
are recommended. If the ceiling is open, the bottom of the reflector should
be even with the bottom of the joist. For individual stalls 40- or 60-watt,
incandescent-filament lamps are used.
The cattle barn is a closed area containing feed troughs. In general, a
row of lamps in reflectors over the troughs will provide adequate light at
the troughs and over the rest of the barn floor. In large barns, additional
outlets are necessary, and, therefore, general lighting for the entire area is
recommended. With 12-
to 15-foot spacings, the 60-watt lamp is preferred,