Originating Call Flow

1. Before a mobile station originates a call, user must input the called persons
number and presses the SEND button.
Before the called persons number is sent out and the call is established, some
additional information must be transferred between MS and the network without
interference of the user.
. Now, as call related information are to be transferred from MS to MS!, MS sends
!"#NNE$%&E'(ES) message to B)S on &#!"*&andom #ccess !hannel+
and it also sends cause for the current access i.e. ES)#B$,S"MEN) !#(SE
* Such as $ocation updating, &esponse to a paging call, !all origination or
Sending one short message + and &#ND-M &E.E&EN!E N-.
/. #fter B)S recei0ing the message, B)S notifies BS! b1 sending
!"#NNE$%&E'(,&ED message and MS waits for the repl1 on #2!". ,t tunes
to #2!" and tries to decode all the #2!" information and waits for the
,MMED,#)E #SS,2NMEN) targeted to itself. ,t is identified 3 decoded from
the ES)#B$,S"MEN) !#(SE and &#ND-M &E.E&EN!E N-.
4. BS! sends !"#NNE$%#!),5#),-N message to B)S to acti0ate SD!!"
according to the access cause and current information.
6. B)S completes the channel acti0ation part and sends !"#NNE$%#!),5#),-N
#!7N-8$ED2EMEN) to BS!.
9. BS! sends ,MMED,#)E #SS,2NMEN) !-MM#ND to B)S and
,MMED,#)E #SS,2NMEN) message is sent to MS 0ia B)S on #2!". )he
message contains )#, Establishment !ause, #ccess &andom No., #&.!N, )S.
)he MS detunes from #2!" and tunes to its specified #&.!N.
:. #fter tuning to the channel, the MS sends the first message, S#BM *Set
#s1nchronous Balanced Mode+ along with the !M%SE&5,!E &E'(ES) *i.e.
the #ccess !ause which is meant for the MS!+ to B)S to initiate a $#;m
connection with the BS!.
<. B)S sends (# *(NN(ME&ED #!7N-8$ED2EMEN)+ to MS to complete
$#;m connection setup.
=. #fter BSS recei0es the !M% SE&5,!E &E'(ES) message from the MS, it
pigg1 backs the $a1er / information to MS!. MS! completes la1er /
information.
10. After completion of the above messages, SDCCH has been seized.
11. MS! checks whether the subscriber is alread1 authenticated or not.
,f >No?,
MS! sends #()"EN),!#),-N%&E'(ES) to MS 0ia BSS,
MS sends #()"EN),!#),-N%&ES;-NSE to MS! 0ia BSS
3 #()"EN),!#),-N procedure is completed.
Else
,t skips the authentication procedure.
1. #fter authentication is completed, MS! sends !,;"E&,N2 M-DE !-MM#ND
to MS 0ia BSS. MS sends !,;"E&,N2 M-DE !-M;$E)E 0ia BSS to MS!
indicating that ciphering mode has been successfull1 enabled.
The above picture describes both Authentication & Ciphering procedure.
1/. Now, the MS sends the !#$$ SE)(; MESS#2E to MS! along with Bs
number 3 other information needed for a call setup.
MS is informed that call setup is in progress.
14. MS! allocates a 0oice circuit and informs BS! about the allocated channel b1
sending #SS,2NMEN) &E'(ES) message.
16. BS! sends ;"@S,!#$ !-N)EA) &E'(ES) to B)S and B)S acknowledges
b1 sending ;"@S,!#$ !-N)EA) !-N.,&M.
19. BS! sends )!" !"#NNE$ #!),5#),-N message to B)S and it acknowledges
b1 sending !"#NNE$ #!),5#),-N #!7N-8$D2EMEN).
1:. BS! sends MS the #SS,2NMEN) !-MM#ND. )his message includes which
)&A 3 which )S to use.
)he same message flow occurs before the )!" is seiBed in the same manner as
the SD!!" seiBure.
MS is allocated a )!" channel and it sends #SS,2NMEN) !-M;$E)E
message to MS! 0ia BS! on .#!!" * as .#!!" is nothing but a stolen )S of
assigned )!" for signaling purpose+.
Now, MS! routes the call and sends the call towards the called number.
1<. 8hen the called subscriber is rung, MS is informed b1 MS! about the alerting 0ia
a ring *#$E&)+.
1=. )he called subscriber answers the call, MS! informs that the B number has
answered the call *!-NNE!)+. MS acknowledges b1 !-NNE!)
#!7N-8$ED2EMEN). Now, it is displa1ed that the call is connected.
No, the call enters into a conversation phase.
C. 8hen the subscriber initiates a !#$$ &E$E#SE b1 pressing END B())-N, the
MS sends D,S!-NNE!) message to MS! on .#!!".
1. MS! disconnects the 0oice path and releases 0oice circuit between BSS and
MS!.
. MS! sends &E$E#SE message to MS and MS send &E$E#SE !-M;$E)E to
MS! after MS! is informed about the release on the other side too.
/. #fter call release, &adio &esource connections are also to be released.
MS
BTS
BSC

MSC
1.Dials the no. and presses SEND
Button
2.CANNE!"#E$%ES
T on
#AC&ESTAB!'SME
NT CA%SE(#AND)M
#E*E#ENCE N).+
,.CANN
E!"#E$%
'#ED
-.CANNE!"A
CT'.AT')N
AC/N)0!ED
1EMENT
2.'M
MED
A'TE
ASS'
1NM
ENT
C)M
MAN
D
3. 'MMED'ATE
ASS'1NMENT
on A1C
4. SABM
5ith
CM"SE#.
#E$
6. %A
7.
SDCC
CANN
E!
ACT'.A
T')N
18.A%TEN
T'CAT')N"
#E$%EST
via BSS
11.A%TEN
T'CAT')N
#ES9)NSE
via BSS
12.C'9E#'N1
M)DE
C)MMAND via
BSS
1,.
C'9E#'N1
M)DE
C)M9!ETE
via BSS
NoteD
#fter step :, $a1er / information is completed
3 SD!!" has been seiBed.
#fter step 1, )!" has been seiBed
17.1.
CA!!
SET%9
17.2
CA!!
SET%9
'S 'N
9#)1#
ESS
1-. ASS'1NMENT
#E$%EST
12.
9:S'C
A!
C)NTE
;T
#E$%E
ST
13.
9:S'C
A!
C)NTE
;T
C)N*'
#M
14.
TC

C
AN
NE
!
AC
T'
.A
T'
)N
16.
CA
NNE
!
ACT'
.AT'
)N
AC/
28.ASS'
1NME
NT
CMD
21.AS
S'1N
MEN
T
CM9
!T

MS
22.
ALERT 23.CO
NNE
CT
24.
CONNECT
ACK
C)N.E#S
AT')N
9ASE
Message *lo5 in case o< originating call
%SE
#
Terminating Call Flow
1. # ;S)N subscriber calls a MS b1 dialing the MS,SDN no. )he ;S)N will use the
MS,SDN no. to locate the 2MS! to find the ser0ing MS! of the called subscriber
no.
. )he 2MS! reEuests MS! address from the "$& using the MS,SDN no.
/. "$& uses the MS,SDN no to find ,MS, 3 gets the SS: address for the MS!F5$&
ser0ing the called number from the record stored in "$&.
4. "$& tells 5$& to assign MS&N no. to the ,MS, no 3 it is notified b1 the 5$& to
"$&.
6. "$& gi0es the MS&N no. to 2MS!.
2MS! uses this MS&N number to route the call to that 0er1 MS!.
9. 8hen the called numbers MS! recei0es the call it releases the MS&N number
and it ma1 be used for future calls.
:. Now the MS! pages to the cells within the $ocation #rea. ;#2,N2 message is
sent to all BS!s that handle the particular $# using )MS,.
<. BS! uses the )MS, 0alue recei0ed in paging message and sends the
;#2,N2%!-MM#ND message to the B)S.
=. #ll !ells in the $ocation #rea broadcast the ;#2,N2%&E'(ES) on paging
channel *;!"+. #ll MSs listen to the paging channel e0er1 few seconds 3 when it
finds its )MS, in the specified paging message, it matches its own and responds
to the paging message.
1C. Now the MS follows the steps from *+ to *9+ in case of Message flow in
-riginating !all.
11. #fter tuning to the channel, the MS sends the first message, S#BM *Set
#s1nchronous Balanced Mode+ along with the ;#2,N2 &ES;-NSE to MS!
through BSS.
1. BS! sends (# *(NN(ME&ED #!7N-8$ED2EMEN)+ to MS to establish
radio connection.
1/. Now the steps described at *11+ 3 *1+ will take place as described in case of
>-riginating !all?.
14. #fter MS! recei0es the paging response, it sends a !#$$ SE)(; message to
MS.
16. )he MS acknowledges the receipt of the message b1 sending the !#$$
!-N.,&MED message.
19. Now the steps from *14+ to *1=+ as described in case of >-riginating !all? are
eGecuted.
1:. #fter the con0ersation is o0er, same steps from *C+ to */+ are followed to
release the call.
9STN
1MSC MSC=.!#
!#
MS
1 2
7
,
2
-
1. MS'SDN 2. MS'SDN ,. 'MS' 7. MS#N -. MS#N 2. MS#N
'nco>ing Call <lo5 to MSC o< dialed no.
MS
BTS
BSC

MSC
7..CANNE!"#E$%E
ST on
#AC&ESTAB!'SME
NT CA%SE(#AND)M
#E*E#ENCE N).+
7..CANN
E!"#E$%
'#ED
2.CANNE!"A
CT'.AT')N
AC/N)0!ED
1EMENT
3.'M
MED
A'TE
ASS'
1NM
ENT
C)M
MAN
D
4. 'MMED'ATE
ASS'1NMENT
on A1C
6. SABM
5ith
9A1'N1
#ES9)NS
E
18. %A
-.
SDCC
CANN
E!
ACT'.A
T')N
11.A%TEN
T'CAT')N"
#E$%EST
via BSS
12.A%TEN
T'CAT')N
#ES9)NSE
via BSS
1,.C'9E#'N1
M)DE
C)MMAND via
BSS
17.
C'9E#'N1
M)DE
C)M9!ETE
via BSS
NoteD
#fter step <, $a1er / information is completed
3 SD!!" has been seiBed.
#fter step , )!" has been seiBed
1-.1.CA!!
SET%9
1-.2
CA!!
C)N*'
#MED
12. ASS'1NMENT
#E$%EST
13.
9:S'C
A!
C)NTE
;T
#E$%E
ST
14.
9:S'C
A!
C)NTE
;T
C)N*'
#M
16.
TC

C
AN
NE
!
AC
T'
.A
T'
)N
28.
CA
NNE
!
ACT'
.AT'
)N
AC/
21.ASS'
1NME
NT
CMD
22.AS
S'1N
MEN
T
CM9
!T

MS
23.
ALERT 24.
CON
NECT
25.
CONNECT
ACK
C)N.E#S
AT')N
9ASE
Message *lo5 in case o< Ter>inating call
1.9A1'N1
2. 9A1'N1
CMD
,. 9A1'N1
#E$%EST
22. %ser receives the call &
enters into conversation
phase
%SE#