DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IF-364\MS

JAYAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

JAYAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(An ISO 9001:2000 Certified Institution)
DHARMAPURI 636 813
COURSE CODE: IF-364
COURSE NAME: MULTIMEDIA SYSTEM
DEPARTMENT: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
SEMESTER/YEAR: VI / III
ACADEMIC YEAR: 2005 2006
UNIT-1
CONTENTS
v Elements of multimedia system
v Needs of multimedia
v Benefits of multimedia
v Converging technologies
v Multimedia applications
v Multimedia building blocks
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IF-364\MS
JAYAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
v MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS
High-impact multimedia applications, such as
presentations, training, and messaging, require the use of
moving images such as video and image animation, as well
as sound (from the video images as well as overlaid sound
by a narrator) intermixed with document images and
graphical text displays.
Multimedia applications require dynamic handling of data
consisting of a mix of text, voice, audio components, video
components, and image animation, kite-grated multimedia
applications allow the user to cut sections of all or any of
these components and paste them in a new document or
in another application such as an animated sequence of
events, a desktop publishing system, or a spreadsheet
Facsimile:
Facsimile transmissions were the first practical means of
transmitting document images over a telephone line.
The basic technology, now widely used, has evolved to
allow higher scanning density for better-quality fax.
Facsimile transmission was standardized at a very early
stage to CCITl Group 3 compression standards.
Also known as run-length encoding, this is a medium
level of compression that can easily be achieved in
software. Typical pixel densities used for facsimile are in
the 100 to 200 dpi (pixels/inch) range.
Document images:
Document images are used for storing business documents
that must be retained for long periods of time or may need
to be accessed by a large number of people.
Providing multimedia access to such documents removes
the need for making several copies of the original for
storage or distribution.
Photographic images:
Photographic images are used for a wide range of
applications such as employee records for instant
identification at a security desk, real estate systems with
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IF-364\MS
JAYAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
photographs of houses in the database containing the
descriptions of houses, medical case histories, and soon.
Photographic images are used frequently for imaging
systems that are used for identification such as security
badges, fingerprint cards, photo identification systems,
bank signature cards, patient medical histories, and so on.
The requirements of photographic images are much more
intense than those for typed documents. Besides being
gray- scaled or color, photographic images require proper
handling of soft shades and tones.
A resolution of 600 dpi is considered essential for
reproducing a photographic image on a laser printer.
Higher resolutions are preferable. Few displays have this
high a level of resolution; in most systems, a laser printer
is used as a backup when the image quality on a display is
not considered sufficient.
Geographic information system maps:
It is known as GIS systems; maps created in a GIS system
are being used widely for natural resource and wildlife
management as well as urban planning.
These systems store the graphical information of the map
along with a database containing information relating high
lighted map elements with statistical or item information
such as wildlife statistics or details of the floors and rooms
and workers in an office building.
Geographic Information Systems Maps Two kinds of
technologies are used for storage and display of
geographic maps.
Raster storage allows a map to be displayed on a
graphical display system just like any other GUI
application.
These applications consist of road maps used by travel
assistants and area maps used to track natural resources.
Attribute data is assigned and identified, usually by map
coordinates.
Attribute data, describing features in a map, is stored in an
object (or relational) data management system.
Another application combines a raster image that has the
basic color map and a vector overlay showing the railroads
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IF-364\MS
JAYAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
or highways and other human-made structures, and text
display showing attributes of features in the map.
These GIS applications associate attribute data with the
man-made structures and relate them to coordinates in a
map
Voice commands and voice synthesis
Voice commands and voice synthesis are used for hands-
free operation of a computer program.
Voice synthesis is used for presenting the results of an
action to the user in a synthesized voice.
Applications such as a patient monitoring system in a
surgical theatre will be prime beneficiaries of these
capabilities. Voice commands allow the user to direct
computer operation by spoken commands.
Voice Commands Voice commands are primarily an input
voice recognition consideration.
Voice commands allow hands-free usage of computer
applications by allowing command entry via short voice
commands rather than a keyboard or pointing device.
Recognition of the command requires specialized
techniques and powerful processing capabilities to
compensate for differences in pitch, accents, and voice
modulation of users.
Voice Synthesis
Voice synthesis is easier to achieve than voice recognition.
The initial attempts used fully stored messages or actual
voice clips that were strung together.
In either approach, the cadence (the consistency with
which the spoken words are strung together) of the
composite output has to be very good for the message to
be clear.
Another approach is to break down the message
completely to a canonical form based on phonetics.
Digital signal processors designed specifically for such an
application have the processing power to perform the
computations and maintain correct cadence.
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IF-364\MS
JAYAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Audio messages:
Annotated voice mail already uses audio or voice
messages as attachments to memos and documents such
as maintenance manuals.
Audio Messages Audio messages are a substitute for text
messages. Computers equipped with microphones can
record an audio message and embed it in or attach it to
an electronic mail message.
We have seen that images require very large volumes of
storage. Audio messages also require large volumes of
storage.
Compression techniques attempt to manage the storage
more effectively. While in images the speed of
decompression and display is important, speed of
decompression and playback of audio messages with
proper cadence (isochronicity) is crucial for the audio
message playback to be comprehensible.
Video messages:
Video messages are being used in a manner similar to
annotated voice mail.
Video Messages Similar to audio messages, video
messages can be embedded in or attached to electronic
mail messages.
Video messages can range from a single snapshot to full-
motion video clips.
The storage and playback requirements are even more
complex for video messages because of the storage for
each video shot.
Video messages are almost always stored in a shared
video data server and displayed at the receiver workstation
at a later time. Audio and video messages have a temporal
dimension and require isochronous playback.
Isochronous playback is defined as playback at a constant
rate.
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IF-364\MS
JAYAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Full-motion stored and live video
Full-motion video started out as a very useful idea for on-
line training and maintenance manuals.
The capability to use full-motion stored video for electronic
mail or live video for presentations and videoconferencing
are important evolutionary steps.
Three-dimensional video techniques are being adapted to
create the concept of virtual reality.
Full-motion Stored and Live Video CD-ROM technology has
provided the basis for the development of full-motion
video.
The primary application for this technology is in CD-ROM
games, courseware, training manuals, multimedia on-line
manuals and reference material, video conferencing,
multimedia e-mail, video karaoke systems, and so on.
The technology is pervasive and is equally applicable to
the office environment as it is to the play den.
An important consideration for full motion video is the
need for large bandwidths for communications media,
massive storage requirements, and high-density high-
performance compression technologies.
Holographic images:
All of the technologies so far essentially present a flat view
of information.
Holographic images extend the concept of virtual reality by
allowing the user to get inside a part, such as, an engine
and view its operation from the inside.
Holography is defined as the means of creating a unique
photo graphic image with out the use of a lens.
The photographic recording of the image is called a
hologram, which appears to be an unrecognizable pattern
of stripes and whorls but which, when illuminated by
coherent light as by a laser beam, organizes the light into
a three-dimensional representation of the original object.
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IF-364\MS
JAYAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Holography records not only the intensity of light as it is
reflected from an object, but also the phase (that is, the
degree to which the reflected wave fronts are in step with
each other, or coherent).
Note that ordinary light is incoherent. In continuous-wave
laser holography, a beam of coherent laser light is directed
on an object in a darkened room.
The beam is reflected, scattered, and diffracted by the
physical features of the object and arrives on a
photographic plate at the same time that a part of the
original beam also arrives at the photographic plate.
The two beams cause interference, which results in a
complex pattern of stripes and whorls.
The developed plate is called a hologram. When coherent
light passes through the hologram, the hologram acts as a
diffraction grating, bending or diffracting some of the light
beams to exactly reverse the original condition of the light
waves that created the object.
In other words, the light beams create a three-
dimensional rendition of the object that is visible to the
human eye on the light beam side and a similar rendition
on the other side, which can be photographed. Holography
can also be achieved in color.
Fractals:
Fractals started as a technology in the early 1980s but
have received serious attention only recently.
This technology is based on synthesizing and storing
algorithms that describe the information
Fractals are regular objects with a high degree of irregular
shape. Fractals are the decompressed images that result
from a compression format that uses arithmetic algorithms
to define repeated patterns in the image.
In fractal compression, a digitized image is broken into
segments. A segment can be a fern or a leaf.
After breaking up the image into segments, the individual
segments are checked against a library of fractals.
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IF-364\MS
JAYAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
The library contains a com pact set of numbers called
iterated function systems codes, which will reproduce the
corresponding fractal.
The mathematical processing required to convert an image
to a fractal makes compression a very demanding and
time-consuming task.
However, once compressed, even a very complex fractal
can be decompressed very rapidly; the algorithms for
decompression are part of the stored image.
In other words, unlike other compression schemes that
compress data based on the similarity of successive pixels,
fractal compression is based on image content more
precisely, on the similarity of patterns within an image.
v Needs of Multimedia
We need hardware, software and good ideas to make
multimedia. To make good multimedia, we need talent and
skills
We may also need the help of other people.
Multimedia is often a team effort: artwork is performed by
graphics artist, Video shoots by video producers, sound
editing by audio producers, and programming by
programmers
Hardware
The basic principles for creating and editing multimedia
elements are the same for Macintoshes and PCs.
Many software tools readily convert picture, sound, and
other multimedia files from Macintosh to windows format,
and vice versa using known file formats or even binary
compatible files that require no conversion at all
The Macintosh OS from Apple and any Intel-based IBM PC
or PC clone running Microsoft Windows.
These computers, with their graphical user interfaces and
huge installed base of many millions of users throughout
the world, are the most used platforms today for the
development and delivery of multimedia.
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IF-364\MS
JAYAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Certainly, detailed and animated multimedia is also
created on specialized workstations from Silicon Graphics,
Sun Microsystems, and even on main frames, but the
Macintosh and the PC offer a compelling combination of
affordability, software availability, and worldwide
availability.
Regardless of the delivery vehicle for your multimedia
whether it is destined to play on a computer, on a
television set-top box such as Sega, Nintendo, or Sony, or
as bits moving down the data highway most multimedia
will probably be made on a Macintosh or on a PC.
Software
Multimedia software tells that the hardware what to do
The basic software tools used to work with text, images,
sounds, and video; we will also learn about handy tools for
capturing screen images, translating between file formats,
and editing our resources.
We do not have to be a programmer or a computer
scientist to make multimedia work for you, but you do
need some familiarity with terms and building blocks; even
the simplest multimedia tools require a modicum of
knowledge to operate
Creativity
Good ideas to make multimedia
Before beginning a multimedia project, you must first
develop a sense of its scope and content. Let the project
take shape in your head as you think through the various
methods available to get your message across to your
viewers.
The most precious asset you can bring to the multimedia
workshop is your creativity. It what separates run-of-the-
mill and underwhelming multi media from compelling,
engaging, and award-winning products, whether for a
short sales presentation viewed solely by colleagues within
your firm or for a full-blown CD-ROM title.
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IF-364\MS
JAYAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
You have a lot of room for creative risk taking, because the
rules for what works and what doesnt work are still being
empirically discovered; there are few known formulas for
the success of multimedia.
v BENEFITS OF MULTIMEDIA
Multimedia is appropriate whenever a human interface
connects a human user to electronic information of any
kind.
Multimedia enhances minimalist text-only computer
interfaces and yields measurable benefit by gaining and
holding attention and interest;
Multimedia improves information retention. When
properly woven, multimedia can also be profoundly
entertaining.
Multimedia in Business
Business applications for multimedia include
presentations, training, marketing, advertising, product
demos, databases, catalogues, and networked
communications.
Voice mail and video conferencing will soon be provided
on many local and wide area networks (LANs and WANs)
using Internet protocols.
Multimedia around the office has become more
commonplace.
Laptop computers equipped with the fastest processors
come complete with CD-ROM drives and are ready for
multimedia presentations on the road.
As companies and businesses catch on to the power of
multimedia, and the cost of installing multimedia
capability decreases, more applications will be developed
both in-house and by third parties to allow businesses to
run more smoothly and efficiently
Multimedia in Schools
Schools are perhaps the most needy destination for
multimedia.
Many schools in the United States today are chronically
under funded and occasionally slow to adopt new
technologies, but it is here that the power of multimedia
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IF-364\MS
JAYAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
can be maximized for the greatest long-term benefit to
all.
Multimedia in public places
In hotels train stations shopping halls and grocery stores
multimedia will become available at standalone terminals
or kiosks to provide in information and help.
The power of multimedia has been part of human
experience for many thousands of years
Virtual reality
At the convergence technology and creative invention in
multimedia is virtual reality.
VR requires terrific computing horse power to be realistic
CONVERGING TECHNOLOGIES:
Multimedia technology is breaking down the traditional
boundaries between devices for computing, personal
communications and consumer entertainment.
Multimedia devices are expected to replace ubiquitous
such as the telephone and television and change many of
the activities associated with them. The large scale of
these trends and the many participates in these
developments have added to the complexity of the
possibilities.
TECHNOLOGY TRENDS:
Multimedia devices and communications are becoming
practical because of trends is electronics,
telecommunications, displays.. Electronics:
Mr. Moore is 1964 predicted that the number of on a chip
will double every three years. Mr. Moores law has rarely
failed. So, electronics are increasing day by day. While
many semiconductor vendors may disagree with this
convent,
Mr. Rapp ports claims is that technology has progressed
so far that instead of being limited by the technology, we
are limited by our ability to fill all of the available silicon
with good ideas.
COMMUNICATIONS:
Due to the advances is digital signal processing
techniques, it is possible to produce low-cost 9600 - band
V.32 Modes.
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IF-364\MS
JAYAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
What is perhaps silly about this is that modem technology
is trying to cope with phone lines from the 1950s, when is
actually the Bell system has not been standing still all
these years.
One way is with a technology called Data unit developed at
Bell cabs. With a more appropriate modern, it is possible to
get 9600 band full duplex data on the same twisted pair of
phone wire and have this data be completely independent
of the phone noise signal. Its a low-end ISDN.
The lowest cheap forward in communications band width-
though is available with fiber optics, which, while requiring
the replacement of the existing wiring, Will lead to orders
of magnitude more data capacity. A switching fabric for
fiber optic data rates.
Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM), is making gigabit rate
packet switched fiber optic networks feasible.
PRESENTATION TECHNOLOGY
The applications for video will be expanding is the next
decade due to its digital future, and hence will create the
reversely for improved presentation technology, color
LCP displays from postage stamp size to 13 digital
source are available today.
v Multimedia Building Blocks:
The following are the building blocks of multimedia:
Text
Sound
Images
Animation
Video
v Text:
Although it is possible to have multimedia without text,
most multimedia systems use text because it is such an
effective way to communicate ideas and provide
instructions to users.
There are four kinds of text: printed, scanned, electronic
and hyper text.
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IF-364\MS
JAYAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Printed Text:
Printed text, like the words in this paragraph, appears on
paper.
Suppose you want to use printed text as the basis for a
multimedia document, suitable technique must be used.
In order for a multimedia to read printed text, you need to
transform the text into machine - readable form.
The most obvious way to do this is to type the text into a
word processor or text editor, but this is tedious and time
consuming. A alternate way would be to scan the text.
Scanned text:
Low-cost scanners that can read printed text and convert it
into machine- readable form to produce scanned text are
widely available.
There are three basic kinds of scanners; flat bed, hand
held and sheir-fed.
Regard less of the kind of scanner you have, advances in
the optical character recognition (OCR) software that
comes with scanners have increased scanning accuracy.
Example. Consider the newspaper in the figure. The next
figure shows it being scanned by a hand held scanner. The
result of the scan is shown in the figure.
Electronic Text:
A tremendous number of text are available is machine-
readable form, because almost everyone who writes books
or publishes manuscripts today does so with word
processing and electronic publishing equipment.
Because they can be read by a computer and transmitted
electronically over networks, such texts are referred to as
electronic texts.
Electronic text was used extensively for writing many
books. Internet news feeds and other networked resources
provided a rich store of information that would otherwise
have taken years to research.
Hyper text:
The prefix hyper may be the most important word used in
multimedia, because it refers to the process of linking,
which makes multimedia interactive.
The word hypertext was learned by Ted Nelson (1965).
Hypertext refers to text that has been linked. The links
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IF-364\MS
JAYAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
give the text an added diversion, which is why it is called
hyper
v Sound:
There are four types of sound objects that can be used in
multimedia productions, wave form audio, MIDI sound
tracks, compact disc (CD) audio and MP3 files.
Wave form audio:
Just as video digitizers can be used to grab any picture a
camera can see, wave form audio digitizers can record any
sound you can hear.
Every sound has a waveform that describes its frequency,
amplitude and harmonic content.
Wave form audio digitizers capture sound by sampling this
wave form thousands of times per second;
this samples are stored on a computers hard disk in a file
that usually has a wav filename extension, which stands
for wave form.
MIDI
MIDI stands for Musical Instrument Digital Interface. If
provides a very efficient way of recording music.
Instead of recording the wave form of the sand, which
requires a lot of storage, MIDI records the performance
information required for the computers sand ship to play
the music. MIDI files have a Mid extension.
They can be randomly accessed down to an accuracy of
1/128 sound.
Audio CD can hold up to 75 minutes of high quality, high-fidelity
recorded sound.
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IF-364\MS
JAYAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
The sampling rate is 44, 100 samples per second, which is
fast enough to record any sound audible to humans.
The samples are 16 bits, producing a dynamic range of 98
dB, which is discrete enough to record faithfully a quiet
whisper or a loud screen.
The addressing used is CD-ROM drives permits multimedia
computers to randomly access a song on the Cd with split-
sound accuracy down to 1/75 of a sound.
Mp 3
Mp3 stands for MPEG audio layer 3. It is an audio file
format that uses an MPEF audio coder to encode
(compress) and decode (decompress) recorded music.
Mp3 can compress a CD audio trade into a substantially
smaller sized file requiring significantly less band width to
transmit over the internet without degrading the original
sound tracks quality.
Hyper audio
Sound tracks are played over time.
Many multimedia creation tools allow you to time
the occurrence of objects to sync points in the music.
When audio is used to trigger multimedia objects, it is
referred to as hyper audio.
v Graphics or images
Images or graphics are classified as, Bitmaps:
A bitmap is a picture stored as a sit of pixels that
correspond to the grid of dots on a computer screen.
To display the picture, the computer sets each dot on the
screen to the color specified for it in the bitmap.
We can create bitmaps with any graphics editor, such as
the paint program that times with windows or commercial
drawing progress such as Adobe photoshop or Corel draw.
Vector images:
Vector images are stored as a sit of mathematical
equations called a1gorithms that define the curves, lines
and shapes in a picture, for images that do not contain a
lot of Continuous color changes, vectors are a more-
efficient way to store the image than Bitmaps.
Vector images have two advantages over bitmaps
Vector images are scalable, if you can use graphics
programs to enlarge or reduce the size of the image
without any less of quality.
Because Vector images normally have smaller file sizes
than bitmapped graphics, vectors download more quickly
over the internet.
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IF-364\MS
JAYAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Clip Art
Creating graphics by hard is time-consuming. To same
time there are extensive libraries of clip art that you can
use is multimedia productions.
Many have broad, general categories including
photographs, icons, animations, background tables,
buttons and bullets, while other libraries focus on a visual
theme such as nature or scientific images.
Digitized Pictures:
Video capture boards cut you count a video camera, VCR,
video disc player, or live video feed to your computer and
grab granes instantly into bitmaps that can be used in
multimedia applications.
Any photograph, slide, or picture from any book or
magazine can be digitized is full color and linked into the
multimedia application
1. Eckerds e - photo web, which will lead to online photo
source.
2. The previous link also takes us to Kodak photonet
online.
Hyper pictures
Just as words can serve as triggers is a hyper text, so also
can parts of pictures.
When parts of pictures are used to trigger multimedia events,
they are called hyper pictures.
The triggers can be any size or shape, and you can make
them invisible.
There is no limit to the number of triggers you can put on a
hyper picture. When the user mouses over a trigger, the
luxor changes shape to tell the user that spot is a hyperlink.
If the user clicks there, your link will trigger.
v ANIMATION
In multimedia, animations is the use of a computer to create
movement on the screen.
There are four kinds of animations: frame, vector,
computational, and morph.
Frame Animation
Frame Animation makes objects move by displaying a series
ofpredown pictures, called frames, in which the objects
appear in different locations on the screen,
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IF-364\MS
JAYAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
In a movie, a series of frames. Moves through the film
projector at about 24 frames per second.
We see the movement on the screen because each frame
contains a picture of what the screen should lookslike at the
movement that frame appears.
Vector Animation:
A vector is a line that has a beginning a directions, and a
length.
Vector animation makes objects move by varying these three
parameters for the line segments that define the object;
Macromedia is the industry leader is vector-based animation
software.
Macromedias flash software uses vector graphics to create
animations and interactive graphics for use on the web.
Computational Animation
Suppose you want to move a word across the screen. There
are few ways to do that.
You could create a series of frames that show the word
itching its way across the screen, with each frame
representing one movement in time as the word moves.
In computational animation, we have objects across the
screen simply by varying their X and Y coordinates.
The X coordinate specifies the horizontal position by the
object, that is, how far across the screen. The Y coordinate
specifies the vertical position that is, how far down the
screen.
Morphing
Morphing means to transition are shape into another by
displaying a series of frames that creates a smooth
movement as the first shape transforms itself into the other
shape.
Morphing software creates the transitional frames
automatically.
v VIDEO
Video provides a lively resource for multimedia applications.
There are four types of video that you can use as the objects
video feeds, videotape, videodisc, and digital video.
Line video Feeds
Line video feeds provide interesting real-time objects of
multimedia links. Any television channel or line camera feed
can be the object of a link.
Web Cams let us watch line video feeds from all over the
world. From free way traffic to surfIng beaches, day care
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JAYAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
centre to college storm roars, web cams can be found just
about anywhere.
Video tape
The most broad and industries video Medias is videotape. It is
like a cassette in the audio, tape recorder.
Video tapes are now very common. They are used in VCRs.
Videotapes can be the object of multimedia links.
This media is limited by two factors, how ever. First,
videotape is linear.
The information is stored or tape is a serial fashion, and in
order to accuses it, you may have to wait a long time for the
tape to fast-forward or rewind to the spot you want; this can
table as long as three minutes.
Second, most videotape players are not computer
controllable. This means that all the operations are manual.
Video disc
There are two industry guide formats for videodisc: CAV and
CLV.CAV disc can store up to 54000 still frames or 30 minutes
of motion video with a stereo with a sound trank.
The addressed by specifying numbers frames 1 to 54,000.
The CAV format lets you display still frames as well as play
motion sequences.
CLV disc can store up to an hour of video on each disc side,
which is twice as much video as CAV discs hold.
The popularity of video disc has owned, however, due to the
emergence of digital video and DVD, which are discussed
later.
Digital Video
Digital video is the most promising and exiting video storage
medias, like wave form audio, digital video is stored in files
on a hard disc CD-ROM and DVD.
Because the video is digital it can be secured over computer
network, alleviating the need for video taps and videodisc
players.
Digital video can be randomly accessed by frame setting up
play specific chips.
DVD
DVD stands for digital versatile Disc, but when a DVDs
Purpose is to play back a movie, it can properly stand digital
video disc.
DVD uses MPEG-2 to compress a full length feature film upto
a 4.7 inch disc.
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JAYAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
The movie plays back beautifully with surround sound and
540 horizontal lines of full color video.
More over DVD offers the viewer a choice of languages, with
or without subtitles, and sometimes the user can choose to
view alternate endings to a movie.
Just as CD audio provided multi media developers with split
second access to practically all recorded music, so also does
DVD promise to create a digitally accessible store of all
feature movies.
Hyper Video
Like sound tracks, video clips are played over time.
Many multimedia creation tools allow us to time the
occurrences of objects to sync points in the video.
When video is used to trigger other multimedia events, it is
regarded to as hyper video.