Carbon and Alloy Steel Properties Guide

Carbon and Alloy Steels
Quality Descriptors . . . . . . . . . .
. 279
Composition Ranges and Tolerances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 280
Alloy steel heat composition ranges and limits-bars, blooms, billets. and slabs . . .
Carbon steel heat composition ranges and limits-semi finished products for forging,
hot rolled and cold finished bars, wire rod, and seamless tubing . . . . . . . .
......
Carbon steel heat composition ranges and limits-structural shapes, plate, strip,
sheet and welded tubing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steel processing flow lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Alloy steel heat composition ranges and limits-plate
Carbon steel product composition tolerances . . . . .
Alloy steel product composition tolerances- bars, billets. blooms. and slabs
Alloy steel product composition tolerances- plate .
. 280
- . 281
. 282
. 282
. 283
. 283
. 284
. 285
AISI-SAE Designations . . . . . . .
. 286
AISI-SAE system of designations .

Standard carbo n steels . . . . . . .
. 286
. 287
. 287
. 288
. 288
. 288
Standard carbon steels containing less than 1.00% manganese .

Standard resulfurized carbon steels
Merchant-quality steels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Standard carbon H-steels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Standard resulfurized and rephosphorized carbon steels
Standard carbon steels with a maximum manganese content exceeding 1.10%
Standard alloy steels- bars, billets, blooms, and slabs
Standard alloy steels-plate . . . .
AISI-SAE standard alloy H-steels .
SAE HSLA Steels .
ASTM Specifications
ASTM specifications that incorporate AISI-SAE designations .
Generic ASTM specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sheet and strip, plain carbon and HSLA grades (ASTM specifications)
.
.
.
.
288
289
289
291
. 291
. 292
. 293
. 293
. 293
. 293
. 294
Carbon steel structural shapes and plate (ASTM specifications)

HSLA and alloy steel plate (ASTM specifications) .. ..
Alloy steel pressure-vessel plate (ASTM specifications) .
. 294
. 295
Carbon steel pressure-vessel plate (ASTM specifications)
. 296
AMS Designations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 297
Product descriptions and carbon contents for wrought carbon steels

Product descriptions and nominal compositions for wrought alloy steels
. 297
. 297
278
Physical Properties . . . . .
300
Densities of steels . . . .
Specific damping capacity
300
300
301
Specific heat of steels . .

Coefficients of linear thermal expansion .
Electrical resistivities of steels .
Thermal conductivities of steels
302
304
305
Mechanical Properties . . . . . .
306
Selected carbon and alloy steels in the hot rolled, normalized, and annealed condition
Selected carbon and alloy steels in the quenched and tempered condition .
Monotonic and cyclic stress-strain properties of selected steels . . . . . .
Low-temperature impact properties of quenched and tempered alloy steels
Normalized alloy steel sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
Approximate upper limit of strength at which selected steels are currently used
Heat Treating . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
306
308
31 1
312
3 13
3 13
3 14
Effect of mass on hardness of normalized carbon and alloy steels . . .
314
Typical normalizing temperatures for standard carbon and alloy steels
3 15
3 16
316
3 17
Approximate critical temperatures for selected carbon and low-alloy steels

Recommended temperatures and cooling cycles for full annealing of small carbon steel forgings
Recommended annealing temperatures for alloy steels (furnace cooling) . . . .
Recommended temperatures and time cycles for annealing of alloy steels . . . . . . . . . . . .
Austenilizing temperatures for direct-hardening carbon and alloy steels (SAE) . . . . . . . . .
Reheating (austenitizing) temperatures for hardening of carburized carbon and alloy steels (SAE)
318
319
320
Typical hardnesses of various carbon and alloy steels after tempering
321
Machining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... .
322
Ratings of plain carbon steels, percent of cutting speed for B 1112/1 2 12

Ratings and recommended feeds and speeds for cold-drawn carbon steel bars
Ratings for alloy steels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ratings for cold-drawn alloy steel bars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
322
322
324
324
Conditions recommended for various machining operations on wrought steels of different

hardness levels
325
Forming . . . . . . .
326
Typical mechanical properties of steel sheet .
326
M inimum bend radii for selected plain carbon and low-alloy steel sheet materials
Suggested minimum inside bend radii for SAE J410c steels of various strengths and thicknesses
326
327
Specified bend test radii for inclusion shape-controlled ASTM A715 steel sheet . . . . . . . . .
327
279
Quality Descriptors
The need for communication among producers and between producers and users has resulted in the development of a
group of terms known as "fundamental quality descriptors". These are names applied to various steel products to imply that
t~e particular products possess certain characteristics that make them especially well suited for specific applications or fabrication processes. Some of the fundamental quality descriptors in common use are listed below.
Carbon steels
electric welded chain

Drawing quality
Rods for heading, forging, and
Long temc sheets
Semifinished for forging
roll threading wire
Commercial quality
Rods for lock washer wire
Drawing quality
Forging quality
Drawing quality special killed
Rods for scrap less nut wire
Special hardenability
Special internal soundness
Rods for upholstery spring wire
Structural quality
Nonmetallic inclusion requirement
Rods for welding wire
Galvan.izcd sheets
Special surface
Commercial quality
Carbon steel structural sections
Drawing quality
Alloy steels
Structural quality
Carbon steel plates
Structural quality
Alloy steel plates
Regular quality
Regular quality or structural quality
Lock forming quality
Electrolytic zinc-coated sheets
Structural quality
Drawing quality
Commercial quality
Cold drawing quality
Pressure vessel quality
Drawing quality
Structural quality
Cold pressing quality
Cold nanging quality
Aircraft quality
Aircraft physical quality
Forging quality
Structural quality
Pressure vessel quality
Hot rolled alloy steel bars
Hot rolled strip
Marine quality
Commercial quality
Regular quality
Hot rolled carbon steel bars
Drawing quality
Aircraft structural or steel subject to
Merchant quality
magnetic particle inspection
Special quality
Axle shaft quality
Structural quality
Bearing quality
Cold rolled strip
Specific quality descriptors arc not provided in
Cold heading quality
Nonmetallic inclusion requirement
Special cold heading quality
cold rolled strip, since this product is largely
Special surface
Rifle barrel quality, gun quality, shell
produced for specific end usc
Scraplcss nut quality
Tin mill products
or AP shot quality
Axle shaft quality
Alloy steel wire
Specific quality descriptors are not
Aircraft quality
Cold extrusion quality
applicable to tin mill products
Bearing quality
Carbon steel wire
Cold heading and cold forging quality
Special surface quality
Cold finished carbon steel bars
Industrial quality wire
Cold finished alloy steel bars
Cold extrusion wires
Standard quality
Heading, forging and roll threading wires
Regular quality
Mechanical spring wires
Aircraft quality or steel subject to magNonmeta.llic inclusion requirement
Upholstery spring construction wires
netic particle inspection
Special surface
Welding wire
Ax le shafl quality
Cold heading and cold forging quality
Bearing shaft quality
Carbon steel nat wire
Cold extrusion quality
Cold heading quality
Stitching wire
Special cold heading quality
Hot rolled sheets
Stapling wire
Commercial quality
Rifle barrel quality, gun quality. shell
Carbon steel pipe
or AP shot quality
Drawing quality
Structural tubing
Unepipe
Line pipe
Structural quality
Oil country tubular goods
Oil country tubular goods
Steel specialty tubular products
Steel specialty tubular goods
Cold rolled sheets
Pressure tubing
Commercial quality
Pressure tubing
Mechanical tubing
Drawing quality
Mechanical tubing
Stainless and heat resisting pipe. pressure
Aircraft tubing
tubing and mechanical tubing
Structural quality
Hot rolled carbon steel wire rods
Porcelain enameling sheets
Aircraft tubing
Industrial quality
Commercial quali ty
Pipe
Rods for manufacture of wire for
Nore: Detailed descriptions of many of the categories listed in !his table appear in an awopriatesectiOn oft he AlSI Steel Products Manual
280
Composition Ranges and Tolerances
Alloy steel heat composition ranges and limits-bars, blooms, billets, and slabs
Element
Carbon
Limit or max of
specified range,%
Range,%
Open hearth Electric
or basic
furnace
oxygen steel
steel
To0.55ind
Over 0.55 to 0.70 inc!
Over0.70to0.80 inc!
Over0.80 to0.95 inc!
Over0.95 to 1.35 incl
0.05
0.08
0.10
0.12
0.13
0.05
0,07
0.009
0.11
0.12
To0.60incl
Over 0.60 to 0.90 incl
0.20
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.40
0. 15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
Sulfur( a)
To0.050incl
Over 0.050 to 0.07 inc!
Over0.07 toO.JO incl
Over0.10to0.14 incl
0.015
0.02
0.04
0.05
0.015
0.02
0.04
0.05
Silicon
To0.15 inc!
Over0.15 to0.20 incl
Over0.20to0.40 inc I
Over 0.40 to 0.60 inc I
0.08
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.08
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.30
0.35
To0.40incl
Over0.40 to0.90 iocl
Over 1.6010 1.75 incl
Over 1.75to2.10incl
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
(b)
(b)
(b)
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.50
To0.50incl
Over0.50to 1.50incl
0.20
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.50
1.00
0.20
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.50
1.00
Manganese
Chromium
Nickel
Element
Limit or max of
specified range, %
Range,%
Open hearth Electric
or basic
furnace
oxygen steel
steel
Molybdenum
ToO. IO incl
0.10to0.20incl
0.05
0,07
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.05
0,07
0.10
0.15
0.20
Tungsten
To0.50incl
Over2.00 t04.00incl
0.20
0.30
0.50
0.60
0.20
0.30
0.50
0.60
Copper
To0.60incl
0.20
0.30
0.35
0.20
0.30
0.35
Vanadium
To0.25 inc!
0.05
0.10
0.05
0.10
Aluminum
UptoO.IO incl
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.25
0.35
0.45
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.25
0.35
0.45
Steelmaking proc:ess
Phosphorus
Basic open heanh, basic oxygen
or basic electric furnace steels
Basic electric furnace "E" steels
Acid open hearth or electric
furnace steel
Basic open hearth. basic oxygen
Sulfur
or basic electric furnace steels
Basic electric furnace "E" steels
Acid open hearth or electric
furnace steel
Lowest max, 'k (e)
0.035(d)
0.025
0.050
0.040(d)
0.025
0.050
(a) A range of sulfur content normally indicates a resulfurized steel. (b)Not normally produced by open hearth process. (c) Not applicable to rephosphorized or resulfurized steels.
(d) Lower maximum limits on phosphorus and sulfur are required by cenain quality descriptors
281
Carbon steel heat composition ranges and llmlts-semifinlshed products for forging, hot rolled and cold finished bars,
wire rod, and seamless tubing
Element
Limit or max of
specified range,%
Range,%
Element
Carbon
(a)
To0.25 incl
Over0.40to0.55 incl
Over0.80
0.05
0.06
om
To0.40incl
Over O.SO to 1.65 incI
0.15
0.20
0.30
0.040 (c) to 0.08 incl
0.03
Range,%
Over0.08 ro0.13 iocl
o.os
O.OSO (c) to0.09 incl

Over0.09ro0.15
Over0.23 ro0.35 inc!
0.03
0.05
0.07
To O. IS inc!
OverO.IS to0.20 iocl
Over 0.20 to0.30 incl
Over 0.30 ro 0.60 incl
0.08
0.10
0.15
0.20
Sulfur
(b)
0.10
0.13
Manganese
Limit or max of
specified range,%
O.Q?
Silicon
(d)
Phosphorus
(b)
(a) Add O.Oito specified carbon ranges for steels wirh manganese coments exceeding I. 10%. (b) Lower maximum limirs on phosphorus and sulfur are required by certain quality descriptors. (c) Lowest permissible maximum for this element. (d) Silicon contenr not normally specified for acid bessemer steels
Continuous casting
Steel, 99% Fe
Blast
furnace
Steel scrap,
440 kN (50 ton)
Iron ore, 30 kN (3 ton)
Limestone,
SOkN (6 ton)
Hot forging
282
Carbon steel heat composition ranges and limits-structural shapes, plate, strip, sheet, and welded tubing
Element
Limit or max of
specified range, %
Range,%
Cuboo
(a)
Element
Limit or max of
specified range, %
Range,%
Phosphorus
0.08 (b)(c) to0.15 incl
Over0. 15to030incl
0.05
(d)
0.06
0.03
0.05
0.05 to 0.08 incl

Over0.08to0.15 inc)
Over0.23 to 0.33 incI
0.03
0.05
O. IOtoO. IS incl
0.08
0.15
0.30
0.07
0.08
Sulfur
0.11
0.14
(d)
Manganese
0.40 (b) to 0.50 incl
0.04 (b) to 0.08 inc I

Over 0.08 to 0.15 inc)
0.20
0.30
0.35
Silicon
Over0.15to0.30 inel
Over 0.30 to 0.60 incI
O.Q7
0. 10
(a) Add 0.01 to specified carbon range for steels with manganese contenrs exceeding 1.00%. (b) Lowest permissible maximum limit for this clement. (c) 0.12% for structural shapes
and plate. (d) Lower max.imum limits on phosphorus and sulfur are required by certain quality dcscriplors
Flat rolled products
Grooved rolls
Piercing
Sets of grooved rolls
Steel processing now lines

Flat rolled products are usually rolled from slabs by mills using sets of cylindrical rolls. Grooved rolls squeeze billets into different cross-sections
(round, angles, etc.) in a sequence of operations. Piercing is the process used to make seamless pipe and tubing from a semifinished product called
rube rounds. Sets of grooved rolls are used to roll blooms into heavy beams for construction or for rails. A small but significant percentage of
heated ingot steel is squeezed in forging presses to make large shafts for power plants, nuclear plant components, and other products.
Source: Steel Processing Flow Lines, American Iron and Steel Institute
283
Alloy steel heat composition ranges and limits-plate
Element
Carbon
Limit or max of
specHied range, %
Range,%
Open hearth
or basic
Electric
oxygen
furnace
steels
steels
To0.25 inc!
Over0.25to0.40 inc!
Over0.55to0.70 incl
Over0.70
0.06
O.o7
0.08
0. 11
0.14
0.05
0.06
O.o7
0.10
0.13
To0.45 incl
Over0.80 to 1.15 inc!
Over 1.15to 1.70 inc!
Over 1.70to 2.10 incl
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
Sulfur(a)
To 0.060 incl
Over0.060 toO.IOO incl
Over 0.100 to 0.140 inc!
0.02
0.04
0.05
Silicon
To0.15 incl
Over 0.15to 0.20 inc I
Over 0.60 to 1.00 iocl
Over 1.00 to 2.20 iocl
Manganese
Chromium
Nickel
Element
Limit or max of
specified range,%
Range 1 %
Open hearth
or basic
Electric
oxygen
furnace
steels
steels

ToO.IOincl
Over0.50to0.80 inc!
1.00
0.05
0.07
0.10
0.15
0.20
1.00
0.05
O.o7
0.10
0.15
0.20
Tungsten
To0.50incl
0.20
0.30
0.50
0.60
0.20
0.30
0.50
0.60
0.02
0.04
0.05
Copper
To 0.60 incl
0.20
0.30
0.35
0.20
0.30
0.35
0.08
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.08
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.30
0.35
Vanadium
To0.25 incl
0.05
0.10
0.05
0.10
Aluminum
To0.40incl
Over0.40 to 0.80 inc!
Over0.80to 1.05 incl
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.50
0.60
0. 15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.40
0.50
UptoO.JOincl
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.25
0.35
0.45
0.05
0. 10
0. 15
0.25
0.35
0.45
To0.50 inc!
Over0.50to 1.50incl
0.20
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.50
0.20
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.50
Molybdenum
Lowest max, ~(b)
Steelmaking process
Phosphorus
Basic open hearth or
basic oxygen
Basic electric furnace
Sulfur
0.035(c)
0.025
Basic open hearth or

basic oxygen
Basic electric furnace
0.040(c)
0.025
(a) A range of sulfur content normally indicates a resulfurized steel. (b) Not applicabletoresulfurired orrephosphorized steels. (c) Lower maximum limits on phosphorus and sulfur are
required by certain quality descriptors.
Carbon steel product composition tolerances
Element
Limit or max of specified range, %
to100 in.2
Tolerance over max or under min limlts1 %

Cross-sectional area of product:
100 to 200 ln.2
200 to 400 ln.2
400 to 800 in.2
Carbon
To0.25incl
0\oer 0.25to 0.55 incl
Over0.55
O.Q2
O.o3
0.04
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.05
0.06
0.07
Manganese
To0.90incl
O.o3
0.06
0.04
0.06
0.06
O.o7
O.o7
0.08
Phosphorus
Over maximum only, to 0.040 inc!
0.008
0.008
0.010
0.015
Sulfur
Over maximum only, to0.050 inc!
0.008
0.010
0.010
O.QI5
Silicon
To0.35 incl
0.02
0.05
0.02
0.03
0.04
Copper
Under minimum only
O.Q2
0.03
Lead
0.15to0.35 inc!
0.03
O.Q3
Note: Product composition requirements are not applicable to rimmed or capped steels. boron content of boron steels, or phosphorus and sulfur contents of rephosphorized and resulfurized steels
284
Alloy steel product composition tolerances-bars, billets, blooms, and slabs
Element
Llmltormax
of specified range, %
Tolerance over max or under min limits, %(a)

Cross-sectional area of product:
to1001n.2
100to2001n.2
200to4001n.2
400 to 800 ln.2
Carbon
To0.30incl
Over0.30to0.75 incl
Over0.75
0.01
0.02
0.03
0,02
O.D3
0.04
O.o3
0.04
0.05
0.04
0.05
0.06
Manganese
To0.90incl
Over 0.90 to 2. 10 incl
0,03
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.06
0.07
Phosphorus
Over max only
0.005
0.010
0.010
0.010
Sulfur
Over max only
0.005
0.010
0.010
0.010
Silicon
To0.40incl
0.02
0.05
O.o2
0.06
0.03
0.06
O.D7
To0.90incl
Over2.10to3.99 incl
0,03
0.05
0.04
0.06
0.10
0.04
0.06
0.12
0.05
To I.OO incl
Over 5.30to 10.00 incl
O.oJ
O.o3
0.05
0.07
0. 10
O.o3
0.05
0.07
0.10
0,03
To0.20incl
0.01
0.01
O.o3
0.04
O.o2
0.03
0.05
O.oJ
To l.OOincl
0.04
0.05
0.09
0.05
0.10
0.06
0. 12
Copper(b)
To I.OOincl
Over J.OOto 2.00 incl
0,03
0.05
Vanadium
ToO.IOincl
Over0.10to0.25 incl
Over0.25toO.SO incl
Min value specifted.
check under min
limit(b)
0.01
O.o2
Chromium
Nickel
Molybdenum
Tungsten
0.10
0.05
0,07
0.10
0.02
0.03
0.08
O.QI
O.oJ
0.01
0.00
0.02
0.03
0.02
0.03
O.QI
0.01
Niobium(b)
ToO.IOincl
O.OI(c)
Titnnium(b)
ToO.IOincl
O.O I(cl
Zirconium (b)
ToO.ISincl
0 .03
Aluminum(b)
UptoO.IOincl
OverO.IO to0.20 incl
Over030 to 0.80 incl
0vet'0.80 to 1.80 incl
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.03
0.01
0.06
0.04
0 .07
0.14
0.05
0.07
0.10
0.04
0.06
0.00
0.01
0,07
0.10
Lead(b)
0.15 to 0.35 incI
0.03
Nitrogen(b)
To 0.030 incl
0.005
(a) Product composition requirements are not applicable to boron content of boron steels or sulfur content ofresulfurized steels. (b) Tolerances shown apply only to cross-sectional areas
of 100 ln.lorless. (c)Iflhe minimum of the range is0.01%, the lower tolerance is 0.005%
285
Alloy steel product composition tolerances-plate
Element
Limit or max of
specified range,%
Tolerance over
max or under
min limits,%
Element
Limit or max of
specified range, %
Tolerance over
max or under
min limits,%
Carbon
To0.30incl
Over0.7S
0.02
0.03
0.04
Molybdenum
To0.20 incl
0.01
0.03
0.04
Manganese
To0.90incl
Over0.90 to 2.10incl
0.04
0.05
Tungsten
To I.OOincl
Over 1.00to4.00incl
0.05
0.09
Over max only
O.ot
To I.OOincl
0.03
0.05
Vanadium
ToO.IOincl
Over0.10to0.25 incl
Ovcr0.25 to 0.50 incl
Min value specified.
check under min limit
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.01
Aluminum
Up toO. IOincl
Over0.10to0.20 incl
Over0.20to0.30 incl
o,er0.30to0.80 incl
Over0.80to 1.80incl
O.o3
0.04
0.05
0.07
0.10
Phosphorus
(a)
Sulfur
0.01
(a)(b)
Silicon
To0.40incl
0.02
0.06
Ovomium
To0.90incl
Ovcr0.90to 2.10incl
0.04
0.06
0. 10
Nickel
To I.OOincl
Over 2.00 to 5.30 incI
Over5.30
0.03
0.05
0.07
0.10
(a) For pressure-vessel quality pl81c. the specifled composition includes product composition tolerances for phosphorus and suIfur. (b) Product composition requirements not applicable
to sulfur content of resulfurized steel
286
AISI-SAE Designations
AIS'-SAE system of designations

Numerals
and digits
Carbon steels
Hl.u(a)
llxx
12xx
lia
Mancanese steels
13xx
Type of steel and

nominal alloy content
Plain carbon (Mn 1.00% max)
Resulfurized
Resulfurizecl and repbosphorized
Plain carbon {max Mn ran~
l.OOto l.6S%)
Nickekhromium steels
31xx
32xx
33xx
34..u
44..u
C bnJIIIium-molybdenum steels
41xx
Nickel-chromium-molybdenum steels
43.u
43BV.u
47.u
Slxx
86xx
81xx
88.u
Nickekhromlum-molybdenum steels (continued)

Ni 3.25:Cr l.20:Mo0.12
93xx
94xx
Ni0.45:Cr0 .40:Mo0.12
97xx
Ni0.55: Cr0.20: Mo0.20
98.u
Ni l.OO:Cr0.80;Mo0.2S
Mn 1.75
Ni3.50
NiS.OO
50xx
Slxx
Cr 0.27. 0.40. 0.50 and 0.65

Cr0.80.0.87. 0.92. 0.95. 1.00
and 1.05
Ni 1.25; Cr 0.65 and 0 .80

Ni 1.75; Cr 1.07
Ni 3.50; Cr 1.50 and 1.57
Ni3.00;Cr0.77
SO..U.c
5l.ux
Cr 0 .50l
Cr 1.02 C 1.00 min
Cr 1.45
Mo 0.20 and 0.25

Mo 0.40 and 0.52
6Lu
Ni0.8Sand l.82:Mo0.20and0.25
Ni 3 .~; Mo0.25
C hromium steels
52.ux
C hromium-vanadium steels
Molybdenum steels
40xx
Type of steel and

nominal alloy content
Nickel- molybdenum steels

46xx
48.u
Nickel steels
23xx
2Sxx
Numerals
and digits
Cr 0.60. 0 .80 and 0.95; V 0.10

and0.15 min
Tungsten~hromium steels
Cr0.50,0.80and 0.95: Mo0.12,

0 .20. 0.25 and 0.30
12xx
Silicon-manganese steels
92xx
Ni 1.82: Cr 0.50 and 0.80; Mo 0.25

Ni 1.82:CrO.~: Mo0.12and0.25:
V0.03 min
Ni 1.05:Cr0.45: Mo0.20 and0.35
Ni0.30: Cr0.40; Mo0.12
Ni0.55;Cr 0.50: Mo0.20
Ni 0.55; Cr0.50; Mo 0.25
Ni 0.55; Cr 0.50; Mo 0.35
Rich-strength io>4-a1.1oy steels

9.u
W 1.75; Cr0.75
Si 1.40 and 2.00: Mn 0.65. 0.82

and0.85: CrO.OO and0.65
Various SAE grades
Boron steels
xxB.tx
(a).u in the lasttwo digits of these designations indicates that the carbon content (in hundredths of a percent) is to be inserted
B deno tes boron steel
287
Compositions ranges and limits for AISI-SAE standard carbon steels--structural shapes, plate, strip, sheet, and welded
tubing
AISI-SAE
designation
1006
1008
1009
1010
1012
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1025
1026
1030
1033
1035
1037
1038
1039
1040
1042
UNS
designation
Gl0060
GI0080
Gl0090
GIOIOO
GIOI20
0101.50
GIOI60
010170
GIOI80
G!OI90
010200
GI0210
Gt0220
010230
0102.50
010260
010300
G10330
Gt03.50
010370
Gl0380
Gt0390
Gl0400
Gt0420
Heat composlt.lon
ranges
and limits, %(a}
Mn
0.08max
O.IOmax
0.15max
0.8..0.13
0.10-0.15
0.12..0.18
0.12..0.18
0.14..0.20
0.14..().20
0.14..0.20
0.17..0.23
0.17-0.23
0.17-0.23
0.19-0.25
0.22..0.28
0.22..0.28
0.27..0.34
0.29..0.36
0.31..0.38
0.31..0.38
0.34..().42
0.36..0.44
0.36-0.44
0.39-0.47
0.25-0.45
0.25-0.50
0.60max
0.30-0.60
0.30-0.60
0.30..0.60
0.60..0.90
0.30..().60
0.60..().90
0.70-1.00
0.30-0.60
0.60-0.90
0.70-1.00
0.30-0.60
0.30-0.60
0.60..().90
0.60..().90
0.70-1.00
0.60..().90
0.70-1.00
0.60..0.90
0.70-1.00
0.60..0.90
0.60-0.90
AISI-SAE
designation
1043
1045
1046
1049
10.50
1055
1060
1064
1065
1070
1074
1078
1080
1084
1085
1086
1090
1095
1524(b)
1527(b)
1536(b)
1541(b)
1548(b)
1552(b)
UNS
designation
GI0430
GI0450
GI0460
GI0490
010500
G105.50
Gl0600
G!0640
0106.50
GI0700
GI0740
GI0780
G10800
GI0840
GI08.50
010860
010900
0109.50
Gl5240
Gl5270
015360
Gl5410
015480
Gl5520
Heat composition
ranges
and limb, ~a)
Mn
0.39-0.47
0.42..0..50
0.42-0..50
0.45..0.53
0.47..0.55
0.52..0.60
0.55..0.66
0.59..().70
0.59..0.70
0.65..0.76
0.69-0.80
0.72..0.86
0.74-0.88
0.80..0.94
0.80..0.94
0.80..0.94
0.84..().98
0.90-1.04
0.18..0.25
0.22-0.29
0.30-0.38
0.36-0.45
0.43-0.52
0.46..0.55
0.70-1.00
0.60-0.90
0.70-1.00
0.60-0.90
0.60..().90
0.69..0.90
0.60..().90
O.S0..0.80
0.60..().90
0.60-0.90
0.50-0.80
0.30-0.60
0.60-0.90
0.60..0.90
0.70-1.00
0.30..()..50
0.60..().90
0.30..()..50
1.30-1.65
1.20-1.55
1.20-1.55
1.30-1.65
1.05-1.40
1.20-1.55
(a) Typical limits on phosphorus and sulfuroon~ents are 0.040'h maximum phosphorus andO.OSO% maximum sulfur. Steels listed in this table can be produced with additions of lead
or boron. Leaded steels typically contain 0.15 to 0.35%1ead and are identified by inserting the len~ '"L" in the designation-IIL17; boron steels can be expected to cootain 0.0005 to
0.003% boron and are identified by inserting the leu~ "B" in the designalion- 15841. (b) Formerly designated IO.u grade
Composition ranges and limits for AISI-SAE standard carbon steels containing less than 1.00% manganese--semlflnlshed
products for forging, hot rolled and cold finished bars, wire rod, and seamless tubing
AISI-SAE
deJignatlon
1005
1006
1008
1010
IOII(b)
1012
1013(b)
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1025
1026
1029
1030
1035
1037
1038
1039
1040
Heat composition
ranges
and limits, %(a}
Mn
UNS
designation
010050
G!0060
0 10080
GJOIOO
GIOIIO
010120
GI0130
GIOISO
GIOJ60
GIOI70
010180
GI0190
Gl0200
GI0210
GI0220
Gl0230
GI02.50
Gl0260
Gl0290
Gt0300
GI0350
G10370
G!0380
Gl0390
Gl0400
0.06max
0.08max
O.IOmax
0.08-0.13
0.08-0.13
0.10..0. 15
0.11..0.16
0.13..0.18
0. 13..0.18
0. 15..0.20
0.15..0.20
0. 150.20
0. 18..0.23
0.18..0.23
0. 18.0.23
0.20..0.25
0.22.0.28
0.22..0.28
0.25.0.31
0.28-0.34
0.32..0.38
0.32.0.38
0.35.0.42
0.37..0.44
0.37..0.44
0.35max
0.25-0.40
0.30-0.50
0.30-0.60
0.60-0.90
0.30..0.60
0.50..0.80
0.30..0.60
0.60-0.90
0.30-0.60
0.60-0.90
0.70- 1.00
0.300.60
0.60-0.90
0.70-1.00
0.30-0.60
0.30..().60
0.60..().90
0.60..o.90
0.600.90
0.60-0.90
0.70-1.00
0.600.90
0.70-1.00
0.60-0.90
AISI-SAE
designation
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1049
10.50
1053
1055
1059(c)
1060
1064
1065
J069(b)
1070
1074(b)
1075(b)
1078
1080
1084
1085(b)
1086
1090
1095
UNS
designation
010420
Gl0430
Gl0440
GI04.50
Gl0460
GI0490
010.500
Gl0530
Gl05.50
Gl0590
Gl0600
010640
Gl0650
G10690(b)
GI0700
GI0740
Gt07.50
Gl0780
Gt0800
GI0840
Gt0850
GI0860
Gt0900
G!09.50
Heat composition
ranges
and llmb1 %(a}
Mn
0.40..0.47
0.40..().47
0.43..0.50
0.43..0.50
0.43..0.50
0.46..0.53
0,48..0.55
0.48..0.55
O.S0..0.60
0.55..0.65
0.55..0.65
0.60-0.70
0.60..0.70
0.65..0.75
0.65.0.75
0.70..0.80
0.70-0.80
0.72..0.85
0.75-0.88
0.80-0.93
0.80-0.93
0.80.0.93
0.85..0.98
0.90-1.03
0.60..().90
0.70-1.00
0.30..().60
0.60..().90
0.70-1.00
0.60..0.90
0.60..().90
0.70-1.00
0.60..().90
0..50..().80
0.60..().90
O.S0..0.80
0.60..0.90
0.40.0.70
0.60.0.90
0..50..0.80
0.40..().70
0.30..().60
0.60..().90
0.60..().90
0.70-1.00
0.30.0.50
0.60.0.90
0.30-0.SO
(a) Typical limits on phosphorus and sulfurcootents are0.040'h maximum phosphorus and 0.0.50% maximum sulfur. Steels listed in this !able can be produced with additions of lead
or boron. Leaded steels typically contain 0.15 to 0.35%1ead and are identified by insetting the len~ "L" in the designation-It L 17: boron steels can be expected tocootain 0.0005 to
0.003% boron and are identified by inserting the leu~ "B" in tile designarion-15841. (b) SAEstandard grade only. (c) AISistandllr'd grade only
288
Composition ranges and limits for AISI-SAE standard

resulfurized carbon steels
AISI-SAE
designation
1110
1117
1118
1137
1139
1140
1141
1144
1146
1151
UNS
designation
Gl1100
G11170
G11180
G t l370
Gl1390
G11400
Gll410
G11440
Gtt460
G tl 510
Heat composition ranges

and llmlts1 %{a)
Mn
c
s
0.08-0.13
0.14-0.20
0.14-0.20
0.32-0.39
0.35-0.43
0.37-0.44
0.37-0.45
0.40-0.48
0.42-0.49
0.48.()55
0.30-0.60
1.00-1.30
1.30-1.60
1.35- 1.65
1.35-1.65
0.70-1.00
1.35- 1.65
1.35-1.65
0.70-1.00
0.70- 1.00
0.08-0.13
0.08-0.13
0.08-0.13
0.08-0.13
0.13-0.20
0.08-0.13
0.08-0.13
0.24-0.33
0.08-0.13
0.08-0.13
(a) Typical limit on phosphorus content is 0.040% maximum. Because of the adverse effeet of silicon on machinability, steels tisted in this table are generally not deoxidized
with silicon. Steel listed in this table can be produced as leaded steels, typically containiog 0.15 to 0.35% lead and identified by insening the letter "l" in the designation11l17
Composition ranges and limits for AISI-SAE

merchant-quality steels
and limits,% (a)
c
Mn
AISI-SAE
designation
M1008
M1010
Mt012
Mt015
M1017
M I020
M I023
M I025
M1031
MI044
0.10max
0.07-0. 14
0.09-0.16
0.12-0.19
0.14.().21
0.17-0.24
0.19-0.27
0.20-0.30
0.26-0.36
0.40-0.50
0.25-0.60
0.25-0.60
0.25-0.60
0.25-0.60
0.25-0.60
0.25-0.60
0.25-0.60
0.25-0.60
0.250.60
0.25-0.60
(a) Typical limits on phosphorus and sulfur contents arc 0.040% maximum phosphorus
and 0.050% maximum sulfur
Composition ranges and limits for AISISAE standard carbon H-steels

AISI-SAE
designation
1038H
1045H
1522H
1524H
1526H
1541H
15B21H(b)
15B35H(b)
15B37H(b)
15B41H(b. c)
15B48H(b,c)
15B62H(b)
UNS
designation
HJ0380
H10450
Hl5220
Hl5240
H15260
H15410
Hl5211
Hl5351
H15371
Hl5411
Hl5481
H 15621

and limits, %{a)
Mn
0.34-0.43
0.42-0.51
0.17-0.25
0.18-0.26
0.21-0.30
0.35-0.45
0.17-0.24
0.31-0.39
0.30-0.39
0.350.45
0.43-0.53
0.54-0.67
0.50-1.00
0.50-1.00
1.00-1.50
1.25- 1.75
1.00-1.50
1.25- 1.75
0.70-1.20
0.70-1.20
1.00-1.50
1.25-1.75
1.00- 1.50
1.00-1.50
Sl
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0. 15-0.30
0.40-0.60
(a) Typical limits on phosphorus and sulfur contents are0.040% maximumphosphorusand0.050% maximum sulfur. (b) Can be expected tocontain0.0005 to0.003% boron. (c)AISI
grade only
Composition ranges and limits for AISI-SAE standard resulfurized and rephosphorlzed carbon steels
AISJ-SAE
designation
1211
1212
1213
12Ll4(b)
1215
UNS
designation
G12110
Gl2120
G12130
G12144
G12150
C max
0.13
0. 13
0.13
0.15
0.09
Heat composition ranges and limits, %(a)

Mn
P
0.60-0.90
0.70-1.00
0.70-1.00
0.85-1.15
0.75-1.05
0.07-0.12
0.07-0.12
0.07-0.12
0.04-0.09
0.04-0.09
s
0.10-0. 15
0.16-0.23
0.24-0.33
0.26-0.35
0.26-0.35
(a) Because of the adverse effect of silicon on machioabiliry, steels listed in this table are generally not deoxidized with silicon. (b) Contains 0.15 to 0.35% lead: other steels listed in this
table can be produced with the same lead content
289
Composition ranges and llmhs for AISl-SAE standard carbon steels with a maximum manganese content exceeding
1.10%-semifinished products for forging, hot rolled and cold finished bars, wire rod, and seamless tubing
AISI-5AE
designation

and llmlts1 %{a)
Mn
UNS
designation
1513
1518(b)
1522
1524
1525(b)
1526
1527
1536(b)
1541
1547(b)
1548
1551
1552
1561
1566
1572(b)
Former
AISI-SAE
designation
015130
015180
015220
015240
015250
015256
015270
015360
015410
015470
015480
015510
015520
015610
015660
015720
0.100. 16
0.15-0.21
0.18-0.24
0.194l25
1.10-1.40
1.10-1.40
1.10-1.40
1.35-1.65
0.80-1.10
1.10.1.40
1.20-1.50
1.20-1.50
1.35-1.65
1.35-1.65
1.10-1.40
0.85 -1.15
1.20-1.50
0.75 -1.05
0.85- 1.15
1.00-1.30
0.23~.29
0.22~.29
0.22~.29
0.30-0.37
0.~.44
0.43~.51
0.44~.52
0.45~.56
0.47~.55
0.55~.65
0.60-0.71
0.65~.76
1024
1027
1036
1041
1047
1048
1051
1052
1061
1066
1072
(a) Typical limits on phosphorus and sulfur coments are 0.040% maximum phosphorus and 0.050% maximum sulfur. Killed steels commonly contain 0.15 to 0.30% silicon; other
ranges are negotiable. Steels listed in this table can be produced with additions of lead or boron. Leaded steels typically contain 0. 15 to 0.35% lead and are identified by insening the
letter"L" in the designarion-11Ll7: boron steels can beexpec:tedtocomain 0.0005 to0.003% boron and are identified by insening the letter .. B" in tbedesignatioll-15841. (b)SAE
standard grnde only
Composition ranges and limits for AISI-SAE standard alloy steels-bars, billets, blooms, and slabs
AISI-SAE
designation
UNS
designation
1330
1335
1340
1345
4012
4023
4024
01 3300
013350
013400
013450
040120
040230
040240
0.28-0.33
4027
4028
040270
040280
0.25~.30
4032
4037
4042(c)
4047
4118
4130
4135(c)
41 37
4 140
4142
4 145
4 147
4150
4161
4320
4340
040320
040370
040420
040470
041180
041 300
041350
041370
041400
041420
041450
041470
041500
041610
043200
043400
043406
044190
044220
044270
046150
0461 70
046200
0462 10
046260
0.30-0.35
0.35-0.40
0.40-0.45
E4340(d)
4419(c)
4422(c)
4427(c)
461 5
4617(c)
4620
4621(c)
4626
Mn
Heat composition ranges and limits, %

Pmax(a)
Smax(a)
Si
Cr
1.6().1.90
1.60-1.90
1.60-1.90
1.60-1.90
0.75-1.00
0.70.0.90
0.70.0.90
0.035
0.035
O.o35
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.70.0.90
0.70.0.90
0.035
0.035
0.15~.20
0.70.0.90
0.7().0.90
0.70.0.90
0.7().0.90
0.70-0.90
0.40-0.60
0.70-0.90
0.70-0.90
0.75-1.00
0.75-1.00
0.75-1.00
0.75-1.00
0.75-1.00
0.75-1.00
10.45-0.65
0.60-0.80
0.65-0.85
0.45-0.65
0.70.0.90
0.7().0.90
0.45-0.65
0.45-0.65
0.17~.22
0.45~.65
0. 18~.23
0.70.0.90
0.45-0.65
0.035
0.035
0.035
O.o35
0.035
0.035
O.o35
0.035
O.o35
0.()35
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.()35
O.o35
0.035
O.D25
0.035
O.o3S
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.()35
0.035
0.33~.38
0.38~.43
0.43~.48
0.09~. 14
0.~.25
0.~.25
0.25~.30
0.45~.50
0. 18~.23
0.280.33
0.33~.38
0.35~.40
0.38~.43
0.~.45
0.43~.48
0.45~.50
0.48~.53
0.56-0.64
0. 17-0.22
0.380.43
0.38-0.43
0.18-0.23
0.2~0.25
0.24-0.29
0. 13~. 18
0.24~.29
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
O.o35
0.050(b)
0.040
0.03.50.050(b)
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.025
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
Ni
Mo
0.15-0.30
0. 1 5~.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15~.30
0. 15~.25
0. 15~.30
0.~.30
0.1~.30
0.~.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.20.0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0. 15-0.30
0.20~.30
0.20~.30
0.20~.30
0. 15~.30
0.~.30
0.15~.30
0.40-0.60
0.80-1.10
0.30-1.10
0.80-1.10
0.15-0.30
0~-1.10
0. 15~.30
0.8().1.10
0.8(). 1.10
0.80-1.10
0.80-1.10
0.70.0.90
0.4().0.60
0.70.0.90
0.70.0.90
0. 1 5~.30
0.15~.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.150.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.150.30
0. 15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15~.30
0.15-0.30
0.15~.30
0.15~.30
0.20~.30
0.08~.15
0. 1 5~.25
0. 1 5~.25
0. 15~.25
0.15~.25
0. 15~.25
0. 1 5~.25
0. 15~.25
0. 15~.25
0.25~.35
1.65-2.00
1.65-2.00
1.65-2.00
0.20.0.30
0.20.0.30
0.~.30
0.45~.60
0.35~.45
0.35~.45
1.65-2.00
1.65-2.00
1.65-2.00
1.65-2.00
0.70.1.00
0.20.0.30
0.20~.30
0.20~.30
0.20~.30
0.15~.25
(a) Limits for phosphorus and sulfur are for steel made by open hearth orbasicoxygeo processes. (b) A range ofsulfur content normally indicates aresulfurized steel. (c)SAE stnndllnl
grade only. (d) PrefiX "E.. indicates lhntthesteel is made by electric furnace process. Ce)Can be expected to contain 0.0005 to0.003% boron. (I) AlSI standard grndeonly. (g)Cootains
O.JO to0.1 5% vanadium. (h) Cont3ins 0.15% min vanadium
(continued)
290
Composition ranges and limits for AISI-5AE standard alloy steels-bars, billets, blooms, and slabs (continued)
AISISAE
designation
4718(c)
4720
4815
4817
4820
5015(e)
50B40(c,e)
50844(e)
5046(c)
50846(e)
50850(e)
5060(c)
50B60(e)
5 115(c)
5117(0
5120
5130
5132
5135
5140
5145(c)
5147(c)
5150
5155
5160
51B60(e)
50100
51100
52100
6118(g)
6150(h)
8115(c)
81B45(e)
8615
8617
8620
8622
8625
8627
8630
8637
8640
8642
8645
86845(c,e)
8650(c)
8655
8660(c)
8720
8740
8822
9254(c)
9255(c)
9260
9310(c)
948 15(c,e)
94Bl7(c)
94830(e)
UNS
designation
Mn
047180
G47200
G48150
048170
G48200
050150
050401
050441
050460
050461
050501
050600
0.16-0.21
0.17-0.22
0.13-0.18
0.15-0.20
0. 18-0.23
0.12-0.17
0.38-0.43
0.43-0.48
0.43-0.48
0.44-0.49
0.48-0.53
0.56-0.64
0.56-0.64
0.13-0.18
0.15-0.20
0.17-0.22
0.28-0.33
0.30-0.35
0.33-0.38
0.38-0.43
0.43-0.48
0.46-0.51
0.48-0.53
0.5 1-0.59
0.560.64
0.56-0.64
0.98-1.10
0.98-1.1 0
0.98-1.10
0.16-0.21
0.48-0.53
0.130.18
0.430.48
0.13-0.18
0.15-0.20
0.18-0.23
0.20-0.25
0.230.28
0.25-0.30
0.28-0.33
0.35-0.40
0.38-0.43
0.40-0.45
0.43-0.48
0.43-0.48
0.48-0.53
0.51-0.59
0.56-0.64
0.18-0.23
0.38-0.43
0.20-0.25
0.51 -0.59
.0.51-0.59
0.56-0.64
0.08-0.13
0.13-0.18
0.15-0.20
0.28-0.33
0.70-0.90
0.50-0.70
0.40-0.60
0.40-0.60
0.50-0.70
0.30-0.50
0.75-1.00
0.75-1.00
0.75-1.00
0.75-1.00
0.75-1.00
0.75-1.00
0.75-1.00
0.70-0.90
0.70-0.90
0.70-0.90
0.70-0.90
0.60-0.80
0.60-0.80
0.70-0.90
0.70-0.90
0.70-0.95
0.70-0.90
0.70-0.90
0.75-1.00
0.75-1.00
0.25-0.45
0.250.45
0.25-0.45
0.500.70
0.70-0.90
0.70-0.90
0.75-1.00
0.70-0.90
0.70-0.90
0.70-0.90
0.70-0.90
0.70-0.90
0.70-0.90
0.70-0.90
0.75-1.00
0.75-1.00
0.75-1.00
0.75-1.00
0.75-1.00
0.75-1.00
0.75-1.00
0.75-1.00
0.70-0.90
0.75 1.00
0.75-1.00
0.60-0.80
0.70-0.95
0.75-1.00
0.45-0.65
0.75-1.00
0.75-1.00
0.75-1.00
051150
051170
051200
051300
051 320
051 350
051400
051450
051470
051500
051 550
051600
051601
050986
051986
0 52986
061180
061500
081150
08145 1
086150
086170
086200
086220
086250
086270
086300
086370
086400
086420
086450
086451
086500
086550
086600
087200
087400
088220
092540
092550
092600
093106
094151
094171
094301
Heat composition ranges and limits,%

Cr
P max(s)
S max(a)
Si
0.035
0.035
O.Q35
O.Q35
0.035
0.035
O.o35
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
O.o35
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
O.o35
O.Q35
O.o35
0.035
o.m5
O.Q35
0.035
O.o35
0.035
O.Q25
O.Q25
0.025
O.o35
O.Q35
0.035
O.Q35
O.o35
O.Q35
0.035
0.035
0.035
O.Q35
0.035
O.Q35
O.Q35
O.o35
0.035
0.035
O.Q35
0.035
O.Q35
O.Q35
O.o35
0.035
O.Q35
0.035
O.o35
0.025
0.035
O.Q35
0.035
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.025
0.025
O.o25
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.025
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0. 15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.150.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0. 15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.150.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0. 15-0.30
0. 15-0.30
1.20-1.60
1.80-2.20
1.80-2.20
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.35-0.55
0.35-0.55
0.30-0.50
0.40-0.60
0.40-0.60
0.20-0.35
0.20-0.35
0.40-0.60
0.40-0.60
0.40-0.60
0.70-0.90
0.70-0.90
0.70-0.90
0.80-1.10
0.75-1.00
0.80- 1.05
0.70-0.90
0.70-0.90
0.85-1.15
0.70-0.90
0.70-0.90
0.70-0.90
0.70-0.90
0.400.60
0.90-1.1 5
1.30-1.60
0.50-0.70
0.80-1.1 0
0.30-0.50
0.35-0.55
0.40-0.60
0.40-0.60
0.400.60
0.40-0.60
0.40-0.60
0.40-0.60
0.40-0.60
0.40-0.60
0.40-0.60
0.40-0.60
0.40-0.60
0.40-0.60
0.40-0.60
0.40-0.60
0.40-0.60
0.40-0.60
0.40-0.60
0.40-0.60
0.60-0.80
1.00- 1.40
0.30-0.50
0.30-0.50
0.30-0.50
Nl
Mo
0.90-1.20
0.90-1.20
3.25-3.75
3.25-3.75
3.25-3.75
0.30-0.40
0.15-0.25
0.20-0.30
0.20-0.30
0.20-0.30
0.20-0.40
0.20-0.40
0.40-0.70
0.400.70
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.08-0.15
0.08-0. 15
0. 15-0.25
0.1 5-0.25
0. 15-0.25
0. 15-0.25
0.15-0.25
0.15-0.25
0. 15-0.25
0.15-0.25
0.15-0.25
0. 15-0.25
0. 15-0.25
0.15-0.25
0.15-0.25
0. 15-0.25
0.15-0.25
0.20-0.30
0.20-0.30
0.30-0.40
3.00-3.50
0.30-0.60
0.30-0.60
0.30-0.60
0.08-0.15
0.08-0.15
0.08-0.15
0.08-0.15
(a) Limils for phosphorus and sulfur are for steel made by open heanh or basic oxygen processes. (b) A range of sulfur content normally indicates a resulfurized steel. (c) SAE standard
grade only. (d) PrefiX "E'' indicates thatthesteel is made by electric furnace process. (e)Can be expected tocontain0.0005to0.003% boron. (OAISJ standard grade only. (g) Contains
0.10to0.15% vanadium. (h)Contains0.15% min vanadium
291
Composition ranges and limits for AISISAE standard alloy steei..,..:..Piate

AISI SAE
designation
1330
1335
1340
1345
4118
4130
4135
4137
4140
4142
4 145
4340
E4340(b)
4615
4617
4620
5160
6ISO(c)
8615
8617
8620
8622
8625
8627
8630
8637
8640
8655
8742
UNS
designation
013300
013350
013400
0 13450
041180
041300
041350
041370
041400
041420
041450
043400
043406
046150
046170
046200
051600
061500
086150
086170
086200
086220
086250
086270
086300
086370
086400
086550
087420
0.27-0.34
0.32-0.39
0.36-0.44
0.410.49
0. 17-0.23
0.27-0.34
0.32-0.39
0.33-0.40
0.36-0.44
0.38-0.46
0.41-0.49
0.36-0.44
0.37-0.44
0.12-0. 18
0.15-0.21
0.16-0.22
0.54-0.65
0.46-0.54
0.12-0.18
0.15-0.21
0.17-0.23
0.19-0.25
0.22-0.29
0.24-0.31
0.27-0.34
0.33-0.40
0.36-0.44
0.49-0.60
0.38-0.46
Heat composition ranges and llmlta, %(a)

Mn
Cr
Nl
1.50-1.90
1.50-1.90
1.50-1.90
1.50-1.90
0.60-0.90
0.35-0.60
0.65-0.9!1
0.65-0.95
0.70-1.00
0.70-1.00
0.70-1.00
0.55-0.80
0.60-0.85
0.40-0.65
0.40-0.65
0.40-0.65
0.70-1.00
0.60-0.90
0.60-0.90
0.60-0.90
0.60-0.90
0.60-0.90
0.60-0.90
0.60-0.90
0.60-0.90
0.70-1.00
0.70-1.00
0.70-1.00
0.70-1.00
0.40-0.65
0.80-1.15
0.08-1.15
0.80-1.15
0.08-1.15
0.80-1.15
0.80- 1.15
0.60-0.90
0.65-0.90
0.60-0.90
0.80-1.15
0.35-0.60
0.35-0.60
0.35-0.60
0.35-0.60
0.35-0.60
0.35-0.60
0.35-0.60
0.35-0.60
0.35-0.60
0.3S-0.60
0.35-0.60
Mo
1.65-2.00
1.65-2.00
1.65-2.00
1.65-2.00
1.65-2.00
0.08-0.15
O.IS-0.25
0.15-0.25
0.15-0.25
0.15-0.25
0.15-0.25
O.IS-0.25
0.20-0.30
0.20-0.30
0.20-0.30
0.20-0.30
0.20-0.30
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.15-0.25
0.15.().25
O.IS-0.25
O.IS-0.25
0.15-0.25
0.15-0.25
0.15-0.25
0. 15-0.25
0. 15-0.25
0.15-0.25
0.20-0.30
(a) Indicaled ranges and limits apply to steels made by open hearth or basic oxygen processes; maximum content for phosphaus is 0.035~ and for sulfur 0.~. for Sleets made by
electric furnace process. the ranges and limits are reduced as follows: C--0.01~: Mn-0.05~;Cr-0.05~ (under 1.25~). 0. 1 ~ (over 1.25~): maximumcontenl foreicherphosphc>
rusor sulfur is0.025~. Silicon content is0. 1 5to0.30~. Other silicon ranges maybe negotiated. (b) Prefix "E'" indicates that the steel is made by electric furnace process. (c) Contains
0.15~ minimum vanadium
Composition ranges and limits for AJSI-SAE standard alloy H-steels

AISI.SAE
deSignation
I330H
1335H
1340H
1345H
4027H
4028H(b)
4032H
4037H
4042H
4047H
4118H
4130H
4135H
4137H
4140H
4142H
4145H
4147H
4150H
416IH
4320H
4340H
E4340H(b)
4419H(c)
UNS
designation
H l3300
HI3350
HJ3400
H13450
H40270
H40280
H40320
H40370
H40420
H40470
H41180
H41300
H41 350
H41370
H4 1400
H41420
H41450
H41470
H41500
H41610
H43200
H43400
H43406
H44190
c
0.27-0.33
0.32-0.38
0.37-0.44
0.42-0.49
0.24-0.30
0.24-0.30
0.29-0.35
0.34-0.41
0.39-0.46
0.440.51
0. 17-0.23
0.27-0.33
0.32-0.38
0.34-0.41
0.37-0.44
0.39-0.46
0.42-0.49
0.44-0.5 1
0.47-0.54
0.55-0.65
0.17-0.23
0.37-0.44
0.37-0.44
0.17-0.23

Mn
Cr
Nl
1.45-2.05
1.45-2.05
1.45-2.05
1.45-2.05
0.60-1.00
o.60-1.00
0.60-1.00
0.60-1.00
0.60-1.00
0.60-1.00
0.60-1.00
0.30-0.70
0.60-1.00
0.60-1.00
0.65-1.10
0.65- 1.10
0.65-1.10
0.65- 1.10
0.65-1.10
0.65.1.10
0.40-0.70
0.55-0.90
0.60-0.95
0.35-0.75
0.30-0.70
0.75-1.20
0.75-1.20
0.75-1.20
0.75-1.20
0.75-1.20
0.75- 1.20
0.75-1.20
0.75-1.20
0.65-0.95
0.35-0.65
0.65-0.95
0.65-0.95
1.55-2.00
1.55-2.00
1.55-2.00
Mo
0.20-0.30
0.20-0.30
0.20-0.30
0.20-0.30
0.20-0.30
0.20-0.30
0.08-0.15
O.IS-0.25
0.15-0.25
O.IS-0.25
0.1S-0.25
0.15-0.25
0.15-0.25
0.15-0.25
0.15-0.25
0.25-0.35
0.20-0.30
0.20-0.30
0.20-0.30
0.45-0.60
(a) Typical limits on phosphorus and sulfur contents are 0.035~ maximum phospOOrus and 0.~ maximum sulfur. Typical limit on silicon contenl is 0.15 to 0.~ silicon. (b) Electric furnace Sleel. (c) SAE stalldrfll g13de only. (d) AIS1standard g13de only. (e) Can be expected to contain O.OOOSto 0.003~ boron. (f) Contains 0.10 to 0. 1 5~ vanadium.(&) Contains
0.15~ minimum vanadium. (h) 1.70 to 2.20% silicon
(continued)
292
Composition ranges and limits for AISI-SAE standard alloy H-steels (continued)
AISI-SAE
UNS
designation
4620H
4621H{c)
4626H(d)
4718H(c)
4720H
4815H
4817H
4820H
SOB40H(e)
SOB44H(e)
5046H
S0846H(e)
S0850H(e)
SOB60H(e)
5120H
5130H
5132H
5135H
5140H
5 145H(c)
5147H(c)
51 SOH
5155H
5160H
51860H(e)
61 18H(I)
61SOH{g)
81845H{e)
8617H
8620H
8622H
8625H
8627H
8630H
86B30H(e)
8637H
8640H
8642H
8645H
86B45H(e)
8650H
8655H
8660H
8720H
8740H
8822H
9260H(h)
9310H(b)
94BI5H(e)
94B17H(e)
94B30H(e)
designation
H46200
H46210
H46260
H47180
H47200
H48150
H48170
H48200
H50401
H50441
HS0460
H50461
H50501
H50601
H51200
H51300
HSI320
HSI350
H51400
H51450
H51470
HSI500
0.17-0.23
0.17-0.23
HSI550
H51600
H51601
H61180
H61500
H81451
H86170
H86200
H86220
H86250
H86270
H86300
H86301
H86370
H86400
H86420
H86450
H86451
H86500
H86550
H86600
H87200
H87400
H88220
H92600
H93100
H94151
H94171
H94301

Mn
Cr
Ni
0.23~.29
0.35-0.75
0.60-1.00
0.4()..().70
0.15~.21
0.~.95
0.17-0.23
0.12-0.18
0.14-0.20
0.45-0.75
0.30-0.70
0.30-0.70
0.4()..().80
0.65-1.10
0.65-1.10
0.65- 1.10
0.65-1.10
0.65-1.10
0.65-1.10
0-60-1.00
G.60-I.IO
0.50..0.90
0.17~.23
0.37~.44
0.42-0.49
0.43-0.50
0.43~.50
0.47~.54
0.55~.65
0.17~.23
0.27-0.33
0.29-0.35
0.30-0.60
0.30-0.60
1.55-2.00
1.55-2.00
0.65-1.05
0.85-1.25
0.85-1.25
3.20-3.80
3.20-3.80
3.20-3.80
Mo
0.20-0.30
0.20-0.30
0. 15~.25
0.~.40
0. 15-0.25
0.20-0.30
0.~.30
0.~.30
0.~.70
0.30-0.70
0.1 3-0.43
0.13-0.43
0.30~.70
0.~.70
0.60-1.00
0.75-1.20
0.65-1.10
0.70-1.15
0.60-1.00
0.60-1.00
0.80-1.25
0.60-1.00
0.60-1.00
0.60-1.00
0.60-1.00
0.40-0.80
0.75-1.20
0.32~.38
0.~.90
0.37-0.44
0.14-0.20
0.17-0.23
0.19-0.25
0.60-1.00
0.60- 1.00
0.60-1.05
0.60-1.00
0.60-1.00
0.65-1.10
0.65-1.10
0.40-0.80
0.60-1.00
0.70-1.05
0.60-0.95
0.60-0.95
0.60-0.95
0.35-0.65
0.35-0.65
0.35-0.65
0.22~.28
0.~.95
0.35~.65
0.35~.75
0. 15~.25
0.24-{).30
0.~.95
0.35~.65
0.35-0.75
0.35-0.75
0.35-0.75
0.35-0.75
0.35-0.75
0.35-0.75
0.15-0.25
O.IS-0.25
0.42~.49
0.45~.52
0.47~.54
0.50-0.60
0.55-0.65
0.55-0.65
0.15-0.21
0.47~.54
0.42~.49
0.30~.60
0.27~.33
0.~.95
0.35~.65
0.27-0.33
0.34-0.41
0.60-0.95
0.70-1.05
0.70-1.05
0.70-1.05
0.70-1.05
0.70- 1.05
0.70-1.05
0.70-1.05
0.70-1.05
0.60-0.95
0.70-1.05
0.70-1.05
0.65-1.10
0.4()..().70
0.70-1.05
0.70-1.05
0.70-1.05
0.35-0.65
0.35-0.65
0.35-0.65
0.35-0.65
0.35-0.65
0.35-0.65
0.37~.44
0.39-0.46
0.42-0.49
0.42-0.49
0.47~.54
0.50-0.60
0.55-0.65
0.17-0.23
0.37-0.44
0.19-0.25
0.55-0.65
O.o7~.13
0.12-0.18
0.14.0.20
0.27~.33
0.35~.65
0.35~.65
0.35-0.65
0.35-0.65
0.35-0.65
0.35-0.65
0.15-0.45
0.35-0.75
0.35-0.75
0.35-0.75
0.08~. 15
0.15~.25
0. 1 5~.25
0.15.0.25
0.15~.25
0.15~.25
0.15-0.25
0.15~.25
0.35~.75
0.15-0.25
0.35~.75
0.15~.25
0.35-0.70
0.35.0.75
0.35.0.75
0.35-0.75
0.35-0.75
0.35.0.75
0. 15~.25
0. 15~.25
0. 15-0.25
0.20-0.30
0.20-0.30
0.30-0.40
1.00-1.45
0.25 -0.55
0.25-0.55
2.95-3.55
0.08~.15
0.25~.65
0.25~.65
0.08-0. 15
0.08-0. 15
0.25~.55
0.25~.65
0.08~. 15
(a) Typical limits on phosphorus and sulfur contents are 0.035% maximum phosphorus and 0.040% maximum sulfur. Typical limit oo silicon content is 0.15 to O.JO'i> silicon. (b) Electric furnace steel. (c) SAEstandard grndeonly. (d) AlSistaodard grndeonly. (e)Can be expected to contain 0.000:5 to0.003% boron. (f)Contains0. 10to0.15% vanadium. (!)Contains
0.15% minimum vanadium. (h) 1.70 to 2.20% sllloon
Composition ranges and limits for SAE HSLA steels

SAE
designation(a)
942X
945A
945C
945X
950A
9508
950C
Heat composition limits, %(b)

Cmax
Mnmax
Pmax
0.21
0.15
0.23
0.22
0.15
0.22
0.25
1.35
1.00
1.40
1.35
1.30
1.30
1.60
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
SAE
designation(a)
9500
950X
955X
960X
96SX
970X
980X
Heat composition limits, %(b)

Cmax
Mnmax
Pmax
0.15
0.2.1
0.25
0.26
0.26
0.26
0.26
1.00
1.35
1.35
1.45
1.45
1.65
1.65
0.15
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
(a) Second and third digits of designation indicate minimum yield strength in ksi. Suffix "X" indicates that the steel contains niobium, vanadium. nitrogen or Olher alloying elements.
A secoodsuffix "K'" indicates that the steel is produced fully killed using fine gmin practice; otherwise. the steel is produced semi killed. (b) Mnximumcootents of sulfur and silicon for
all grndes: 0.050% S, 0.90% Si
293
ASTM Specifications
ASTM specifications that Incorporate AISI-5AE designations
A29
AI08
A29S
A304
A322
A331
A434
ASO.'i
A506
A507
A510
A534
A535
A544
A545
AS46
Carbon and alloy steel bars. hot rolled and cold finished, generic
Standard.qualil}' cold fmished cart>on steel bars
High carbon-chromium ball and roller bearing steel
Alloy su:el bars having hardenability requirements
Hot-rolled alloy steel bars
Cold-finished alloy steel bars
Hoc-rolled or cold-finished quenched and tempered alloy steel bars
Hoc-rolled and cold-rolled alloy steel sheet and strip, generic
Regular-quality hot-rolled and cold-rolled alloy steel sheet and strip
Drawing-quality hot-rolled and cold-rolled alloy steel sheet and strip
Carbon steel wire rods and coarse round wire, generic
Carburizing steels for antifriction bearings
Special-quality bal.l and roller bearing steel
Scrnpless-nut.quality carbon steel wire
Cold-heading-quality carbon steel wire for machining screws
Cold-heading-quality mediurn-high-<:arbon steel wire for hexagonhead bolts
Cold-heading-quality alloy steel wire for hexagon head bolts

Cold-heading-quality carbon steel wire for tapping or sheet
AS47
A548
metal screws
A549
A515
A576
A634
Cold-heading-quality carbon steel wire for wood screws

Merchant-quality hot-rolled carbon steel bars
Special-quality hot-rolled carbon steel bars
Aircraft-quality hoc-rolled and cold-rolled alloy steel sheet
and strip
Premium-quality alloy steel blooms and billets for aircraft and
aerospace forgings
Commercial-quality hot-rolled carbon steel sheet and strip
Untempered spring-quality cold-rolled hard carbon steel strip
Cold-rolled spring-qualil}' cart>on steel strip, generic
Untempered spring-quality cold-rolled soft catbon steel strip
Carbon and alloy steel bars for springs
Carbon and alloy steel blooms. billets and slabs for forging
High-<:arbon spring steel wire for heat trealed componentS
A646
A659
A680
A682
A684
A689
A711
A713
Generic ASTM specifications

A6
A20
A29
AS05
A510
Rolled steel structural plate, shapes, sheet piling and bars, generic
Steel plate for pressure vessels. generic
Carbon and alloy steel bars, hot rolled and cold finished, generic
Alloy steel sheet and strip, hot rolled and oold rolled, generic
Carbon steel wire rod and coarse round wire. generic
A568
Carbon and HSLA. hoc rolled and cold rolled steel sheet and hot rolled
strip, generic
Premium-quality alloy steel blooms and billets for aircraft and aerospace
forgings
Carbon and alloy steel blooms. billetS and slabs for forging
A646
A711
Composition ranges and limits for sheet and strip, plain carbon and HSLA grades (ASTM specifications)
ASTM
specification
A611
A366
AI09
A619
A620
A570
A569
A621
A622
A414
A606
A607
A715
Description(a)
CRSQ
Grades A, B. C
GrodeE
CRCQ
CRstrip
Tempers I, 2. 3
Tempers4,5
CRDQ
CRDQSK
HR SQ
Grades A, B. C
Grades D,E
HRCQ
HRDQ
HRDQSK
Pressure vessel
Grade A
GradeS
GradeC
GradeD
GradeE
Grodef
GradeG
HSLA
Grade45
Grade SO
Grade 55
Grade60
Grade65
Grade70
Basic composition
Composltlon{bl, %
p
Other
0.04
0.04
0.035
0.04
0.04
0.04
(c)
(C)
(c)
0.04
0.04
O.oJ5
O.oJS
(c)
(c)
o.so
0.035
0.035
O.Q25
0.025
0.25
0.25
0.15
0.10
0.10
0.25-0.60
0.600.90
0.60
0.50
0.50
0.04
0.04
0.035
0.025
0.025
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.035
0.03S
0.15
0.22
0.25
0.25
0.27
0.31
0.31
0.22
0.22
0.23
0.25
0.26
0.26
0.26
0. 15
0.90
0.90
0.90
1.20
1.20
1.20
1.35
1.25
1.35
1.35
1.35
1.50
1.50
1.65
1.65
0.035
0.035
O.Q35
O.Q35
0.035
0.035
O.Q35
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.035
Mn
0.20
0.20
0.15
0.60
0.90
0.60
0.25
0.15
0.10
0.10
0.60
0.60
0.50
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.025
(C)
(d)
(c)
(c)
(c)
(d)
(c)
(C)
(C)
(c)
(c)
(c)
(c)
(e)
(f)
(f)
(f)
(f)
(f)
0.012 max N(f)
0.012maxN
Type I: 0.05 min Ti, 0.10 max Si(g)

Type 2: 0.02 min V, 0.60 max Si(h), 0.005 min N(gXh)
Type 3:0.005 minNb, 0.08 max V(g), 0.60 max Si(h), 0.020 max N(gXh)
Type 4: 0.05 min Zr. 0.90 max Si, 0.80 max Cr(h), 0.10 max Ti(h), 0.0025 max B(h). 0.005-0.06 Nb(g)(j)
Type 5: 0.03 min Nb(k), 0.20 min Mo(k). 0.30 max Si(g)
Type 6: 0.005-0.10 Nb. 0.90 max Si(g)
Type 7:0.005 min Nb or V. or both, 0.60 max Si, 0.020 max N(g)
(a) CR. cold rolled; SQ, strucrural quality; DQ, drawing quality; DQSK. drawing quality special killed. (b) Maximum. (c) Cu when specified as Cu-bearing steel; 0.20% min. (d) Aluminum as deoxidizer usuallyexceedsO.OJO% in the product (e) Other elementS may be added if necessary to meet mechanical and corrosion requirement$. (1)0.005 min NborO.OI
min V for all grades. (g) These elements are added to basic composition. (b) Noc added to grades SO and 60. (j) Mlght noc be added to grade SO. (k) Available as grade 80 only
294
Composition ranges and limits for carbon steel structural shapes and plate (ASTM specifications)
Form,
type or
grade
ASTM
specification
A36
UNS
designation
Plate
Shapes
Bars
Plale
Grade A
GradeS
GradeC
GradeD
Plale, bars and shapes
Grnde58
Gmde65
Grnde70
Grade A
GradeS
GradeC
A283
A284
A529
A573
A678
Heat compoeltlon ranges

end limits, %(e)
Mn
Sl
Cmex
K02600
0.29
0.26
0.29
0.80.1.20
(c)
0,6().0.90
K01804
1<02001
K02401
K02702
K02703
K02301
K02404
K02701
KOI600
K02002
K02204
0.24
0.24
0.36
0.35
0.27
0.23
0.26
0.28
0.16
0.20
0.22
0.90max
0 ..90max
0.90max
0.90max
1.20max
0.60-0.90
0.8.5-1.20
0.85-1.20
0.90-1.50
0.70.1.60
1.00.1.60
Cu(b)
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
(d)
0. 10-0.30
0.15-0.30
0. 15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.20
0.10-0.35
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0. 15-0.50
0.15-0.50
0.20-0.50
0.20
0.20
0.20
(a) Typical limits on phosphorus and sulfur contents are 0.040% maximum phosphorus and 0.050% maximum sulfur. (b) Minimum copper contem applicable only if cower-bearing steel
is specified. (c)0.8.5-1.35% manganese required for shapes heavier than 634 kgfm (426 1blft). (d)O.IS-0.30% sUicon required for shapes heavier than 6341cglm(426lblft)
Composition ranges and limits for HSLA and alloy steel plate (ASTM specifications)
ASTM
apec:lfl- Type or
UNS
cation gntde designation
A242
A440
A441
A514
A572
A588
A633
max'
Mn
max
Type I
Type2
Kll510
Kl2010
0.15max
0.20max
I.OOmax
1.35max
0.45
0.04
0.05
0.05
Type A
TypeS
TypeC
TypeD
Kl2810
Kl2211
Kll856
Kl1630
KIISII
Kll662
0.28max
0.22max
0.15-0.21
0.12-0.21
0.10-0.20
0.13-0.20
1.10.1.60
0.85-1.25
0.80-1.10
0.70.1.00
1.10.1.50
0.40-0.70
0.04
0.04
0.035
0.035
O.o35
0.035
0.05
0.05
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.30max
0.30max
0.40.0.80
0.20.0.35
0.15-0.30
0.20.0.35
T)'peE
K21604
0.12-0.20
0.40-0.70
0.035
0.04
0.20.0.35
1.40-2.00
TypeF
TypeG
T)'pe H
TypeJ
TypeK
TypeL
Kll576
Kll872
Kll646
Kll625
Kl 1523
Kll682
0.10.0.20
0.15-0.21
0.12-0.21
0.12-0.21
0.10.0.20
0.13-0.20
0.60-1.00
0.80-1.10
0.95-1.30
0.45-0.70
1.10.1.50
0.40-0.70
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
O.o35
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0. 15-0.35
0.50-0.90
0.20.0.35
0.20.0.35
0.15-0.30
0.20.0.35
0.40-0.65
0.50-0.90
0.40-0.65
TypeM
TypeN
TypeP
Grade42
Grade45
Grnde50
Grade 55
Grade60
Grade6S
Grade A
GradeS
GradeC
GradeD
Kll683
Kll847
K21650
Kll430
Kl2043
Kll538
Kll552
0.12-0.2 1
0.15-0.21
0. 12.0.21
0.21 max
0.22 max
0.23 max
0.25 max
0.26 max
0.26max
0.10.0.19
0.20max
0.15max
0.10.0.20
0.45-0.70
0.80-1.10
0.45-0.70
1.35max
1.35max
1.3Smax
1.35max
1.35max
1.65max
0.90-1.25
0.75-1.25
0.80-1.35
0.7.5-1.25
0.035 0.04
0.035 0.04
0.035 0.04
0.04 0.05
0.04 0.05
0.04 0.05
0.04 0.05
0.04 o.os
0.04 0.05
0.04
0.05
0.04 0.05
0.04 0.05
0.04 0.05
0.20-0.35
0.40-0.90
0.20.0.35
0.30max
0.30max
0.30max
0.30max
0.30max
0.30max
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.50-0.90
Kll567
K11541
Kl2040
Kl2032
K12044
KOI802
KOI803
Kl2000
K02003
Kl2202
Kll804
Kl1503
Kl0614
0.15max
0. 10.0.20
0.20max
0.20max
0.20max
0.18max
0.18max
0.20max
0.20max
0.22 max
0.18max
0.15max
0.06max
1.20ma.x
0.50.1.00
1.20max
1.25max
0.60-1.00
1.00.1.35
1.00.1.35
1.1.5-1.50
0.70.1.60
1.15-1.50
1.60max
0.90max
1.20-2.20
0.04
0.04
0.04
O.o35
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.040
0.040
0.04
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.040
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.05
0.050
0.050
0.025
0.15-0.30
0.30ma.x
0.25-0.70
0.25-0.75
0.30.0.50
0.15..0.50
0.15-0.50
0.15-0.50
0.150.50
0.15-0.50
0.60max
O.IOmax
0.35 max
K20747
K20622
O.o7 max
0.06max
0.40-0.70
0.40-0.65
0.025
O.D25
0.025
0.025
0.35max
0.20-0.35
GradeE
GradeF
GradeG
GradeH
GradeJ
Grade A
GradeS
GradeC
GradeD
GradeE
A6S6
Heat composition range.s and limits, %
Gradel
Grade2
A699
Sl
Cr
Nl
O.S0-0.80
0.40-0.65
0.85 1.20
0.70.1.00
0.30-0.70
1.15-1.65
1.2().1.50
0.50-0.80
Mo
Other
0.20minCu
0.20min OJ ifbotb0.5 Siand
0.5 Cr not present
0.20mioOJ
0.20 min OJ; 0.02 min V
0.05-0.15 Zc; 0.0025 max S
0.18-0.28
0.15-0.25 0,03-0.08 0.01-0.03 Ti; O.OOOS-0.005 S
0.001-0.005 s
0.20.0.30
0.04-0.10 Ti; 0.20-0.40 OJ;
0.15-0.25
0.0015-0.005 B
0.04-0.10 Ti; 0.20-0.40 OJ;
0.40-0.60
0.0015-0.005 s
0.40-0.60 0,03-0.08 0.15-0.50 OJ; 0.0005.().006 s
0.05-0.15 Zc; 0.0025 max 8
0.40-0.60
0.20-0.30 0.03-0.08 O.OOOS-0.005 S
0.001-0.005 s
0.50-0.65
0.45-0.55
0.001-0.005 8
0.04-0.10 Ti; 0.20-0,40 Cu;
0.25-0.40
0.0015-0.005 S
0.45-0.60
0.001-0.0058
0.25 max
0.05-0.15 Zr; 0.0005-0.0025 B
1.20-1.50
0.40-0.65
0.40-0.70
0.30-0.50
0.50-0.90
o.50max
0.25-0.50
0.30max
0.50-1.00
0.10.0.25
0.75-1.25
0.40-1.10
0.80max
0.30-0.60
0.50-0.70
0.25max
0.25max
0.60-0.90
0.7().1.00
1.20-1.50
0.20 min OJ(a)

0.20 min OJ(a)
0.20 min OJ(a)
0.20 min CU(a)
0.20 min CU(a)
0.20 min Cu(a)
0.02-0.10 0.25-0.400J
0.001-0.10 0.20-0.400J
0.001-0.10 0.20-0.500J
0.30 max OJ; 0.05-0.15 Zc;
0.04maxNb
0.10-0.25 O.OS max 0.50-0.80CU
0. 10.0.20 0.01-0.10 0.30-I.OOCU
O.IOmax
0.30.0.50 CU; O.o7 max Ti
0.15max 0.02-0.10 0.20-0.35 Cu; 0.005-0.030 Ti
0.30 min Cu; 0.03-0.05 Ti
0.05maxNb
O.IOmax
O.ot-0.05Nb
0.08max
0.35maxCU
0.04-0.11 O.oJ-0.03 N
0.05-0.15 0.020 min AI; 0.005-0.030 N
O.ot min AI; 0.05-0.50 Ti
0.03-0.09 Nb; 0.20-0.35 cu
0.25-0.35
optional
A710
Grade A
GradeS
(a) These grades may contain niobium, vanadium or nitrogen
0.15-0.25
1.00.1.30 OJ; 0.02 min Nb

1.00.1.30 OJ; 0.02 min Nb
295
Composition ranges and limits for alloy steel pressure-vessel plate (ASTM specifications)
ASTM
specifi- Type or
UNS
cation grade designation
A202
A203
A204
A225
A302
A353
A387
A517
A533
A538
A542
A543
A553
A562
A590
A605
A645
A734
A735
A736
A737
Mn
es and limits, o/o a

Nl
Mo
s
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0,035
0.035
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.60-0.90
0.60-0.90
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0. 15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.13-0.32
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.50-0.80
0.50
0.50
0.50
1.00
1.00
0.40-0.80
0.20-0.65
0.15-0.30
0.20-0.35
0.35-0.60
0.35-0.60
1.60
0.95-1.30
1.15-1.50
1.15-1.50
1.15-1.50
0.90
0.55-0.80
0.40-0.65
0.40-0.65
0.30-0.60
0.30-0.60
0.30-0.60
0.30-0.60
0.30-0.60
0.80-1.10
0.70-1.00
1.10-1.50
0.40-0.70
O.o35
O.o35
0.035
0,035
0.035
O.Q35
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0,035
O.o35
0,035
O.o35
0-035
O.o35
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
O.o35
0.040
0.030
0.030
0.035
O.o35
0.035
O.o35
0.85-1.20
0.45-0.60
0.45-0.60
0.45-0.65
0.90-1.10
0.90-1.10
0.45-0.65
0.45-0.65
0.90-1.10
0.18-0.28
0.15-0.25
0.20-0.30
0.15-0.25
0.40-0.70
0.035
0.04
0.20-0.35
1.40-2.00
0.40-0.60
1<11576
1<11872
1<11646
1<11625
1<11523
1<11682
0.10-0.20 0.60-1.00
0.15-0.21 0.80-1.10
0.12-0.21 0.95-1.30
0.12-0.21 0.45-0.70
0.10-0.20 1.10-1.50
0.13-0.20 0.40-0.70
0-035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0,035
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.15-0.35
0.50-0.90
0.20-0.35
0.20-0.35
0.15-0.30
0.20-0.35
0.40-0.65
0.50-0.90
0.40-0.650
GradeM
GradeP
Type A
TypeB
TypeC
TypeD
Grade A
1<11683
1<21650
1<12521
1<12539
1<12554
1<12529
1<92810
0.12-0.21
0.12-0.21
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0,03
0.45-0.70
0.45-0.70
1.15-1.50
1.15-1.50
1.15-1.50
1.15-1.50
0.10
0.035
0,035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0,035
0.010
0.04
0.04
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.010
0.20-0.35
0.20-0.35
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.10
GradeB
1<92890
0.03
0.10
0.010
0.010
GradeC
K93120
0.03
O.IOx
0.010
K21590
1<42338
K42339
K81340
K71340
Kll224
K91890
1<91401
K41583
Type A
TypeB
0.15
0.23
0.23
0.13
0.13
0.12
0,03
0.13
0.30-0.60
0.17
0.17
0.30-0.60
0.40
0.40
0.90
0.90
1.20
0.10
0.20-0.40
0.30-0.60
0.45-0.75
1.60
Grade A
GradeB
GradeC
0.06
0.07
0.20
0.20
0.20
1.20-2.20
0.40-0.70
1.00-1.35
1.15-1.50
1.15-1.50
Grade A
Grade 8
Grade A
GradeS
GmdeD
GradeE
Grade A
Grade 8
GradeC
Grade A
GradeB
GradeC
Grade A
GradeB
GradeC
GradeD
0.17
0.25
0.23
0.25
0.20
0.23
0.25
0.27
0.28
0.18
0.20
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.13
0.21
0.17
0.17
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15-0.21
0.12-0.21
0.10-0.20
0.13-0.20
1.05-1.40
1.05-1.40
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.90
0.90
0.90
1.45
Grade2
Grade 12
Grade 11
Grade22
Gradc21
GradeS
Grade7
Grade9
Grade A
GradeB
GradeC
GradeD
1<11742
1<12542
1<21703
1<22103
K31718
K32018
1<11820
K12020
1<12320
Kll803
1<12003
K12524
Kl2021
Kl2022
1<12039
Kl2054
1<81340
1<12143
1<11757
K11789
1<21590
K31545
K41545
S50300
S50400
1<11856
1<11630
1<11511
1<11662
GradeE
1<21604
0.12-0.20
GradeF
GradeG
GradeH
GradeJ
GradeK
GradeL
Type A
TypeB
Type I
Type IT
(a) Maximum unless a range is specified
1.45
2.10-2.50
2.10-2.50
3.25-3.75
3.25-3.75
0.45-0.60
0.45-0.60
0.09-0.14
0.09-0.14
0.11-0.20
0.40-0.70
0.70-1.00
8.50-9.50
0.50-0.80
0.80-1.15
1.00-1.50
2.00-2.50
2.75-3.25
4.00-6.00
6.00-8.00
8.00-10.00
0.50-0.80
0.40-0.65
0.70-1.00
0.30-0.70
1.15-1.65
0.45-0.60
0.45-0.60
0.45-0.60
0.45-0.60
0.40-0.60
0.40-0.60
0.20-0.30
0.50-0.65
0.45-0.55
0.25-0.40
0.40-0.70
0.70-1.00
0.20-0.40
17.0-19.0
0.45-0.60
0.45-0.60
0.45-0.60
0.45-0.60
0.45-0.60
0.45-0.60
4.0-4.5
0.10
17.0-19.0
4.6-5.1
0.010
0.10
18.0-19.0
4.6-5.2
0.035
0,035
0.020
0.035
0.035
0.04
O.QIO
0.010
0.025
0,035
O.o35
O.o35
0.040
0.020
0.040
0.040
0.05
0.010
0.010
O.o25
O.QI5
O.oi5
0.15-0.30
0.20-0.35
0.20-0.35
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.30
0.15-0.50
0.10
0.10
0.20-0.35
0.35
0.35
0.04
0.025
0.035
0.035
O.o35
O.o25
0.025
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.35
0.35
0.15-0.50
0.15-0.50
0.15-0.50
2.00-2.50
1.50-2.00
1.50-2.00
4.50-5.50
0.65-0.85
0.90-1.20
0.25
0.60-0.90
Other
0.45-0.60
0.45-0.60
0.45-0.60
0.37-0.73
0.85-1.20
1.20-1.50
1.20-1 .50
2.60-4.00
2.60-4.00
8.50-9.50
7.50-8.50
0.90-1.10
0.45-0.60
0.45 -0.60
11.5-12.5
8.5-9.5
4.75-5.25
0.90-1.20
2.75-3.25
0.90-1.10
0.20-0.35
0.25-0.40
0.70-1.00
0.23-0.47
0.15-0.25
0.05-0.15 Zz; 0.0025 8

0.03-0.08 O.OI-0.03Ti;O.<XX>5-0.005 8
0.001-0.005 B
0.04-0.10 Ti; 0.20-0.40 Cu:
0.0015-0.005 B
0.04-0.10 Ti: 0.20-0.40 Cu;
0.0015-0.005 B
0.03-0.08 0.15-0.50Cu:0.002-0.006B
0.050-0.15 Zz: 0.0025 B
0.03-0.08 0.0005-0.005 8
0.001 -0.005 B
0.001-0.005 B
0.04-0.10 Ti; 0.20-0.40 Cu:
0.0015-0.0058
0.001-0.005 8
0.001 -0.005 B
0.10-0.25 Ti; 7.0-8.5 Co;

0.05-0.15 AI;0.003 B:
0.02 Zz; 0.05 Ca
0.30-0.50Ti: 7.0-8.5 Co:
0.05-0.15 AI
0.55-0.80 Ti: 8.0-9.5 Co:
0.05-0.15 AI
0,03
0.03
(4x%C)Ti;O.J5Cu
0.20-0.35 Ti; 0.40 AI
0.06-0.12 4.25-5.00Co
0.020 N; 0.02-0.12 AI
0.06A1
0.35 Cu: 0.030 N: 0.050
0.11
Nb;0.06AI
0.20-0.35 Cu; 0.03-0.09 Nb
1.00-1.30Cu;0.02 minNb
0.10
0.05Nb
0.04-0.11 0.03N
296
Composition ranges and limits for carbon steel pressure-vessel plate (ASTM specifications)
Specification
A285
Type or
grade
Grade A
GradeS
GradeC
A288
A442
A455
A515
A515
A516
A537
A612(b)
A662
A724(b)
Grade 55
Grade60
Type !
Typen
Grade 55
Grade60
Gradc65
Grade 70
Grade 55
Grade60
Grade65
Grade 70
Grade A
Grado! 8
Grade A
UNS
designation
K01700
K02200
K02801
K02803
K02202
K02402
K03300
K02802
K02001
K02401
K02800
K03101
K01800
K02 100
K02403
K02700
K02400
K02900
K01701
K02203
c
0.17
0.22
0.28
0.30
0.24
0.27
0.33
0.28
0.28
0.31
0.33
0.35
0.26
0.27
0.29
0.3 1
0.24
0.27
0.17
0.19
0.18
Heat composition ranges and limits, ga)

p
Mn
s
0.90
0.90
0.90-1.50
0.60-1.10
0.60-1.10
0.85-1.20
0.85-1.20
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.60-1.20
0.60-1.20
0.85-1.20
0.85-1.20
0.70-1.60
1.00-1.50
0.90-1.35
0.85-1.50
1.00-1.60
O.o35
O.o35
O.Q35
0.035
0.04
0.04
0.040
0.040
O.o35
O.Q35
O.D35
O.D35
0.035
O.D35
O.o35
O.Q35
O.o35
0.035
oms
0.035
0.035
0.045
0.045
0.045
0.040
0.05
0.05
0.050
0.050
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
0.040
(a) Maximum unless a range is specified. (b) Residual alloying clemcms restricted as follows: 0.35 max Cu; 0.25 max Ni; 0.25 max Cr; 0.08 max Mo; 0.08max V
51
0.15..0.30
0.15..0.30
0.15-0.30
0.10
0.15..0.30
0.15..0.30
0.15..0.30
0.15..0.30
0.15..0.30
0.15..0.30
0. 15..0.30
0. 15..0.30
0.15..0.30
0.15..0.30
0.15..0.30
0.15..0.30
0.15..0.30
0.55
297
AMS Designations
Product descriptions and carbon contents for wrought carbon steels
AMS
designation
5010E
S020
S022G
S0240
S032B
5040F
5041
5042F
50440
5045C
5047A
SOSOF
5053C
S060C
5061B
5062B
Product form
Carbon
content
B~w machine stock
Bars. f<lfging,rubing
Ban. f<lfging,tubing
Bars, fetging. rubing
Wire (annealed)
Sheet, strip (deep forming grade)
Sheet. strip (cold rolled. extta deep
drawing)
Sheet. strip (formlng grade)
Sheet, strip (half hard temper)
Sheet. strip (hard temper)
Sheet, strip (aluminum killed)
Tubing. seamless (annealed)
Tubing, welded (none., led)
Ban. f<lfgings. rubing
Bars, wire
Bars, fetgings. tubing. plale, sheet.
strip
0.32.U.39
0.14-0.20(a)
0.32-1).39
0.18-1).23
O.ISmax
0.08max
0.15max
Low
Low
Low
0.15max
0.13max
0.13.U.I8
0.08-0.20
0.25max
Nearest
AISI-SAE
grade
1112
111.37
1117
1137
1020
1010
1006
1010
1010
1020
1010
1010
1010
lOIS
AMS
designation
Product form
Carbon
content
Nearest
AISISAE
grade
0.15-0.20
0.18-1).23
1018
1022
0.22-0.28
1025
0.22-0.28
0.31-0.38
0.31-0.38
1025
1035
1035
0.47-0.55
1050
1080
1090
1070
1074
1095
1095
1095
Bars, f<lfgings, tubing

Bars. f<lfgings (55 lcsi tensile
suength)
Tubing, seamless (55 Jcsi tensile
sttength)
Tubing, welded
Bars, fOfgings. tubing
Tubing, seamless (90 Jcsi tensile
strength)
Plate, sheet, strip (annealed)
Music wir<>-eommercial
Music spring wire-best quality
Wire-spring
Sttip
Strip, spring
Strip (hard temper)
Ban
S069A
S070C
S075B
5077B
50800
5082A
5085A
SIIOB
5112E
5115C
5120F
5121C
5122C
51320
0.600.75
0.69-1).80
0.89-1.04
0.891.04
0.90-1.30
(a) Contains 1.2% manganese
Product descriptions and nominal compositions for wrought alloy steels

AMS
designation
Product form(a)
6242C
62SOF
62600
62630
62640
626SC
6266C
6267A
62700
6272E
6274G
62758
6276C
6277A
6280E
6281C
62820
6290C
6292C
6294C
6299A
6300
6302B
Bars. forgings
Bars, fetgings. tubing
Bars. f<lfgings. rubing
Ban. fetgings. rubing
Bars. f<lfgings. rubing
Bars. f<lfgings. tubing (P. VM)
Bars. forgings. rubing
Bars. f<lfglngs. tubing (P)
Ban. forgings. tubing
Bars. forgings, tubing
Ban. forgings. tubing
Bars, forgings, tubing
Bars. forgings. tubing (P,VM)
Bars. forgings. tubing (P)
Bars, f<lfgings
Tubing
Tubing
Bars. fetgings
Bars. f<lfgings
Bars, f<lfgings
Bars. f<lfgings.tubing
Bars. fetgings
Bars. fetgings
0.15-0.20
0.070.13
0.07.U.I3
O.II.U.17
0.14-0.20
0.070.13
0.08-0.13
0.07-0.13
0.110.17
0.15-0.20
0.18-0.23
0. 15-0.20
0.18-0.23
0.180.23
0.28-0.33
0.28-0.33
0.33-0.38
O.ll.U.17
0.15-0.20
0.17-0.22
0.17-0.23
0.350.40
0.28-0.33
6303A
Bars, f<lfgings
6304C
6312A
63178
Bars, fOfgings, tubing

Bars. f<lfgings
Bars. forgings (heat tteated:
125 ksi tensile suength)
Bars, fetgings
Bars, f<lfgings. rubing
Ban. f<lfgings
Tubing
Bars. f<lfgings
6320F
6321A
6322F
63230
6324C
Cr
Nominal com~osltlon,%
Nl
Mo
1.5
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
5
3.5
3.25
3.25
3.25
3.25
1.85
3.25
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.45
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.25
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.12
0.25
0.1 2
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.12
0.2
0.20
0.20
0.2
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.50
0.25-0.30
1.25
0.5
0.40.0.50
0.38-0.43
0.38-043
0.95
0.33-0.38
0.38-0.43
0.3S.U.43
0.38-0.43
0.38-1).43
0.50
0.43
o.so
1.2
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.40
0.50
0.50
o.so
0.5
o.so
0.50
o.so
o.so
0.65
(a) P, premium quality; VM, vacuum melted: CM. consumable electtOde remclled
(continued)
1.8
1.8
0.55
0.25
0.25
0.55
0.30
0.55
0.55
0.70
0.25
0.12
0.25
0.25
0.25
Other
0.003 B
0.0038
Nearest
AISI-SAE
grade
2517
3310
9310
93 15
931 7
9310
43BVI2
9310
8615
8617
8620
941) 17
8620
8620
8630
8630
8735
4615
4617
4620
4320H
4037
0.65Si
0.25V
0.65Si
0.85V
OJOV
4640
4640
0.003B
8735
81840
8740
8740
8740mod
298
Product descriptions and nominal compositions for wrought alloy steels (continued)
Nearest
AMS
designation
63250
63270
6328E
6330A
63420
63500
6351A
6352B
6354
63SSG
6356A
63570
6358B
6359B
6360F
6361
Product form( a)
Bars, forgings (heat treated:
105 ksi lellSile sttength)
Bars, fotgings (heat treated:
125 ksi tensile strength)
Bars, forgings. tubing
Bars, forgings
Plate. sheel. slrip rannealed)
Plate, shee(, slrip (spheroidiz.ed)
Plate, sheet. slrip (annealed)
Plate. sheet. slrip
Cr
AISI SAE
Other
grade
0.38-0.43
0.50
0.55
0.25
8740
0.38.().43
0.50
0.55
0.25
8740
0.48.().53
0.33-0.38
0.38.().32
0.28.().33
0.28-0.33
0.32.().39
0. 10.0.17
0.50
0.6
0.80
0.95
0.95
0.95
0.6
0.55
1.25
1.0
0.25
8750
3135
9840
4130
4130
4135H
NAX9115-AC
0.28.().33
0.30-0.35
0.330.38
0.38-0.43
0.38.().43
0.28.0.33
0.27-0.33
0.50
0.95
0.50
0.50
0.80
0.95
0.95
0.55
0.27-0.33
0.25
0.20
0.20
0.2
0.2
0.75Si
0.1 Zr
0.20
0.20
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.20
0.2
8630
0.95
0.2
4130
0.33.0.38
0.28.().33
0.28-0.33
0.33-0.38
0.28.0.33
0.38.0.45
0.95
0.95
0.95
0.95
0.95
0.95
0.20
0.2
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.2
4135
4130
41 30
4135
4130
4140
0.40-0.53
0.95
0.2
4140
0.38-0.43
0.38.0.43
0.27.0.33
0.95
0.95
1.25
0.20
0.20
0.50
4140
4140
6390A
6395
6406A
Plate, sheet (heat treated: 90and

100 ksi yield strength)
Tubing (special quality)
Plate. sheet. strip
Plate. sheet, strip
0.38.0.43
0.38-0.43
0.410.46
0.95
0.95
2.1
0.20
0.20
0.58
6407B
6411
6412F
64130
6414A
6415G
6416
B;vs, forgings, tubing

Bars. forgings. tubing (P. CM)
Bars. forgings
Tubing
B;vs, forgings. tubing (P)
Bars, forgings, tubing
Bars. forgings. tubing
0.27.0.33
0.28.0.33
0.35.0.40
0.35-0.40
0.38-0.43
0.38-0.43
0.41.().46
1.2
0.85
0.80
0.8
0.80
0.80
0.8
2.05
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
0.45
0.40
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.4
6417
Bars. forgings. tubing (P, CM)
0.38.0.43
0.82
1.8
0.40
6418C
0.23..0.28
0.30
1.8
0.40
6419
Bars. forgings. tubing (P, CM)
0.41..0.46
0.82
1.8
0.40
6421A
6422C
6423A
6426A
64270
6428A
6429A

Bars. forgings. tubing (VM)
Bars, forgings. tubing (CM or
0.35-0.40
0.38-0.43
0.40-0.46
0.80-0.90
0.28..0.33
0.320.38
0.33-0.38
0.80
0.80
0.92
1.0
0.85
0.80
0.80
0.85
0.85
0.15
1.8
1.8
1.8
0.20
0.20
0.52
0.58
0.40
0.35
0.35
1.6Si
0.00 v
1.6Si
0,07 v
l.3Mn
1.5Si
1.6Si
0.07V
0.003 B
0.003 B
0.003 B
0.75Si
0.07V
0.20V
0.20V
6430A
Bars. forgings. tubing (special
0.33-038
0.80
1.8
0.35
0.20V
4335mod
0.45-0.50
0.430.49
0.33..0.38
0.31.().38
0.33.0.38
1.05
1.05
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.55
0.55
1.8
1.8
1.8
l.O
1.0
0.35
O.JS
0.35
0.11 v
0.11 v
0.20V
0.20V
0.20V
06AC
D6A
6362
6365E
6370F
63710
63720
6373A
6378
6379
6381B
6382G
6385B
6386A
Plate, sheet. strip (annealed)
Nominal composition, %
Nl
Mo
Plate, shee(, strip

Plate, shee(, slrip
Plate. sheet, strip
Plate. sheet. strip
Tubing, seamless
Tubing, sc:unless (125 ksi
tensile strength)
Tubing, seamless (150 ksi
tensile strength)
Tubing. seamless
Bars. forgings. rings
Tubing
Tubing
Tubing, welded
Ban (die drawn and tempered:
B;vs (die drown and tempered:
Tubing
B;vs. forgings
Plate. sheet. slrip
0.55
0.55
1.8
8735
8740
4340
4130
4130
0.65Si
0.25V
4140
4140
1.6Si
0.05V
4337
4337
4340
4340
4340mod
Hy-Tuf
300M
Mod 98B37
Mod 98B40
4335mod
433Smod
VM)
grade)
6431A
6432
6433A
6434A
6435A
Bars. forgings, tubing (P, VM)

Plate, sheel. strip (special grade)
Plate, shee(, slrip
Plate. sheet. strip(P. CM)
(annealed)
(a) P, premium quality; VM. vacuum melted: CM, consumable electrode remelted
(continued)
4335mod
4335mod
299
Product descriptions and nominal compositions for wrought alloy steels (continued)
Nearest
AMS
designation
Product form( a)
Cr
Nominal composition, %
Mo
Nl
other
6436A
Plate, sheet. strip
0.20.0.25
1.25
6437A
6438A
Plate, sheet, strip

Plate. sheet, strip (P. CM)
Bars. wire. forgings
Thbing (bearing quality)
Bars. wire. forgings
Bars. wire. forgings (P. VM)
Bars. wire, forgings.rubing
(P, VM)
Bars. wire, forgings,rubing
(P, VM)
Bars. forgings (P)
Bars, forgings.lllbing (P)
Bars. forgings
Wire (spring-annealed)
Plate, sheet. strip (spring)
Bars. forgings. tubing for
nitriding
nitriding (P)
Bars. forgings for nitriding (heal
treated: 112 ksi tensile
strength)
nitriding
Bars, forgings
Bars, forgings (P. VM)
Bars, forgings (P)
Bars, forgings. tubing (P, VM)
Bars, forgings. tubing. rings
(CM) (annealed)
0.38-0.43
0.4.5-0.50
0.98-1.10
0.98-1.10
0.98-1.10
0.95-1.1
0.95-1.10
5.0
1.0.5
1.45
1.45
0.50
1.05
1.45
0.92-1.02
1.05
0.95-1.10
0.95-1.10
0.48-0.53
0.48-0.53
0.48-0.53
0.38-0.43
1.05
1.45
0.95
0.95
0.95
1.6
0.35
0.22V
0.22 V
0.22V
1.15 AI
0.38-0.43
1.6
0.35
1.15 AI
0.38.0.43
1.6
0.35
1.13AI
0.21-0.26
1.1
0.25
125AI
0.38-0.43
0.38-0.43
0.38-0.43
0.77-0.85
5.0
5.0
5.0
4.0
18
1.3
1.3
1.3
4.25
4.9
0.50V
0.50V
0.50V
l.OV
7.8Co
0.40Ti
O.IOAI
9.0Co
0.65Ti
O.IOAI
7.8Co
0.40Ti
O.IOAl
9.0Co
0.65Ti
O.lOAI
4.5Co
0.09V
6440E
64410
6442C
6443B
6444B
6445A
6446
6447
6448C
6450C
6455C
6470F
6471
64n
647SC
6485B
6487C
6488
6490B
6512
0.5
AISI.SAE
0..55
1.3
1.0
1.1 Mn
3.5
4.9
6520
Plate. sheet, strip (solution heal

treated) (CM)
18
4.9
6521
Plate, sheet. strip (solution heat

tre:lled) (CM)
18.5
4.9
6526
6545A
Bars. forgings, tubing

(annealed) (P, CM)
Tubing. seamless
Tubing, seamless
Bars, forgings. rings, tubing
(annealed)
Bars. forgings, tubing. rings
(annealed) (P. CM)
(annealed) (P. CM)
Plate, sheet. strip (annealed)
6546A
Plate. sheet. strip (annealed)
0.29-0.34
1.0
7.5
1.0
0.28-0.33
0.33-0.38
0.24-0.30
0.50
0.50
0.48
0.55
0.55
8.0
0.20
0.25
0.48
0.24-0.30
0.48
8.0
0.48
0.42-0.48
0.27
7.75
0.27
0.24-0.30
0.48
8.0
0.48
0.24-0.30
0.48
8.0
0.48
0.28-0.33
0.50
0.55
0.20
(P. CM)
6550E
Tubing. welded
(a) P, premium quality: VM. vacuum melted: CM. consumable electrode remelted
D6
.51100mod
52100
18.5
6542A
Hit
51100
Bars. forgings. tubing, rings

(annealed) (CM)
6541A
grade
52100
52100
50100
51100
52100
6514
6530E
65350
6540A
0.65 Si
0.85V
0.5 v
0.11
6 1.50
6150
6 150
Hit
Hll
Hll
MSO
8630
8735
4.0Co
0.09V
4.0Co
0.09V
4.0 Co
0.09V
4.0Co
0.09V
4.0Co
0.09V
8630
300
Physical Properties
Densities of steels
Nearest
AISI.SAE
grade
Chemical com~sltlon, %
Sl
Cr
Mn
0.38
0.64
0.69
0.35
0.74
0.28
0.22
O.ot
0.11
0.20
0.16
(a)
0.06
0.23
0.44
1.22
0.31
0.98
0.51
18Ni2SO(b)
0.026
0.1
0.11
1008
1024
1042
(a)
5130
52100
Nl
1.00
1.68
1.72
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Hardened and wmpered
Annealed
Quenched in brine (BQ)
BQ, tempered 190 c (375 oF)
BQ, tempered 365 c (690 F)
BQ, tempered 6<XJ c (1110 F)
Annealed
3.52
18.5
Denstty
Mgtm3
lb1Jn.3
Treatment
or condition
Other
4.7Mo
7.0Co
0.22Ti
0.0038
7.871
7.859
7.844
7.830
7.84
7.81
7.79
7.80
7.82
7.835
7.835
8.0
0.2844
0.2839
0.2834
0.2829
0.283
0.282
0.281
0.282
0.283
0.2831
0.2831
0.289
(a) No AISI-SAE grade of similar composition. (b) Nominal composition
Specific damping capacity(a)

AISI-SAE
grade
1018
1095
1095
Treatment or
condition
Normalized
Spheroidized
Water quench
fromsoo c
Specific
damping
capacity,%
AISI.SAE
grade
1.5
1095
0.8
0.5
4140
1Ni-0.4C
(a) Swface shear stress, 34.5 MPa (5 ksi); data apply to room temperature
Specific
Treatment or damping
condition
capacity,%
WQ, temper
atlooc
Not known
Not known
0.2
0.15
0.3
AISI-5AE
grade
1Cr-3Ni-O.JC
Gray cast
Iron
Specific
Treatment or damping
condition
capacity,%
Not known
0.8
Not known
7to 20
301
Specific heat of steels

Mean apparent specific heat, J/Kg K, at
temeerature range 1
oc
Nearest
AISI-8AE
grade
50
Treatment
Chemical com~sltlon 1 %
Mn
Cr
Nl
Mo Other or condition
1008
1008
1010
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.38
0.3 1
0.42
1025
1042
1078
(a)
1524
4130(b)
0.23
0.42
0.80
1.22
0.23
0.3
0.64
0.64
0.32
0.35
1.51
o.s
0.95
4140
0.41
0.67
1.01
5132
S l40
0.32
0.39
0.69
0.79
1.09
1.03
0.073
(a)
0.59
0.5S
(a)
0.35
0.33
0.34
0.88
0.17
0.78
0 .26
3.47
3.53
(a)
0.49
0.90
(a)
0.55
0.008P;
0.0285
0.11Cu
0.23
.0 .20
. 0 .39
1.98Si;
0.64Cu
to
150 200 250 300 350 450 550 650 700 750 850
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
100 200 250 300 350 400 500 600 700 750 800 900
Annealed
Annealed
Not known
481
481
450
519
523
500
536
544
520
553
557
535
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Hardened and
tempered
Hardened and
tempered
Annealed
Hardened and
tempered
Annealed
Not known
Hrudened and
tempered
Not known
486
486
490
486
477
477
519
532
SIS
S28
S48
557
S48
565
532
540
511
515
544
528
557
544
544
~74
S95
569
565
595
536
553
7S4
741
730
867
858
825
1105
1139
875
960
749
708
712
699
741
737
846
599
590
595
662
649
670
636
649
657
1432
1583
2081
2089
1449
950
624
615
649
82 1
833
519(c)
...
56 I( c)
595
657
741
561(c)
837
1499
934
574
737
749
1616
no
825
1637
1051
1662
883
603
636
636
749
829
904
1365
590
574
599
569
586
607
586
578
565
473(c)
494
523
452(c) 473(c)
662
662
650
574
519(c)
S9S
S90
477
481
486
Sl5
S23
523
528
536
540
548
557
569
569
582
607
657
662
670
498
523
540
557
578
603
666
544
770
770
816
837
825
955
846
548
536
640
(a) No equivalent grade. (b) Nominal composition. (c) Value presented is mean value for range of temperatures between room tempernture and the higher of the cited temperarun..>s
302
Coefficients of linear thermal expansion

Nearest
AISISAE
grade
1008
1008
1010
1010
lOIS
1020
1022
1022
103S
1035
1040
1040
104S
1045
1052
c
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.10
0.17
0.22
0.22
0.23
0.36
0.33
0.40
0.42
0.44
0.44
0.49
0.56
0.59
0.66
0.80
0.81
0.82
0.80
0.017
0.01
0.029
0.008
0.012
O.ot
0.01
0.034
0.035
0.02
Mn
Chemical com~osltlon, %
51
Cr
Nl
O.o!
0.01
0.08
Mo
Other
0.08 Cu; 0.00 I AI: 0.039 As
0.02Cu
0.002 AI; 0.032 As
0,02
o.ss
O.o3
0.04
O.o7
0.02
1.1
0.38
0.08
0.31
0.42
0.42
0.12
0.90
0.64
0.32
0.12
0.11
0.64
0.69
0.57
1.21
0.19
0.92
0.72
0.32
0.10
1.65
0.32
0.3
1.22
0.42
0.44
0.23
0.82
0.40
2330
3140
4137
4140
0.33
0.40-0.50
0.39
0.41
4340
0.41
1.07
1.43
0.26
(e)
0.32
0.67
2.60
0.51
4615
4617
Sl40
(e)
S2100
0.18
0.35
0.37
0.94
1.65
1.76
0.30
0.20
0.31
0.33
0.34
6150
0.22
0.75
0.019
6150
6150
0.35
0.53
1.42
0.80
0.013
0.015
lOSS
1060
1070
1078
1080
(e)
lOSS
1095
(e)
1145
1145
1524
(e)
(e)
0.01
0.01
0.031
0.037
0.013
0.05
o.os
0.028
0.035
0.03
0.017
0.034
0.024
0.028
0.03
0.03
0.029
0.038
0.033
0.05
0.023
0.033
0.916
Trace
0.025
Trace
Annealed
Not known
Trace
Trace
0.03
0.07
0.13 Cu; O.OIOAI:0.036As

0.03Cu
0.03Cu
0. 12 Cu; 0.006 AI: 0.033 As
0.06 Cu; 0.006 AI: 0.024 As
0.14V
0.06
0.04
0.02Cu
0.009
0.02S
0.3S
0.64
0.69
1.51
1.65
0.67
0.009
0.031
0.037
O.QI S
0.029
0.038
0.16
0.11
0.20
0.1 1
Trace
0.20
O.o3
0.02Cu
0.78
0.014
0.03
0.11
0.13
O.o3
0.13
0.06
0.04
0.07 Cu: 0.004 AI; 0.021 As
0.01
0.077 Cu: 0.006 AI; O.o25 As

0.12 Cu; 0.006 AI; 0.003 As
0.06 Cu: 0.006 AI; 0.024 As
0.80
...
O.ot5
0.035
0.09
0.029
0.19
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annea.led
Annealed
0.008
0.025
0.51
0.67
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Not known
Rolled
O.ol
0.25
0.1 1
0.20
0.03
0.07
0.11
0.20
0.16
0.12
0.04
0.25
0.18
0.025
0.20
0.13
0.2
0.5~.80
Treatment or
condition
0.45-0.15
0.87
1.01
Rolled
Annealed
Annealed
Not known
Annealed
Annealed
Hardened
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
N01known
Not known
Oil hardened, tempered
600 (Ill FJ
Annealed
3.59
1.00-1.50
Hardened and tempered

Rolled
Oil hardened. tempered
6000C (II I0 F)
Oil hardened. tempered
630C(li70F)
Oil hardened, tempered
650 c 0200 FJ
Not known
Cartmrized and hardened
Annealed
0.21
0.23
0.19
0.21
0.27
0.75
1.57
0.95
0.033
0.27
0.96
0.17 V
0.057
0.020
0.20
0.15
1.00
1.02
0.1 1 v
0.17V
Annealed
Annealed
Hardened
Annealed
Hardened. tempered 205 c
(400 F)
Annealed
Annealed
Hardened, tempered 425 c
csooFJ
18Ni250(e)
0.026
0.1
0.11
18.5
4.7
7.0 Co; 0.22 Ti; 0.003 B
Hardened. tempered
650 c <1200 FJ
Not known
(a) To obtain coeff'JCients in).liolio. Fmuhiply values in tableby0.556. (b) Stated value represents avero~gecoefficient betweenO c(32 F) and indicated cemperarure. (c) 10.3J.unlm
K from - IOOOCto 20e, 9.8jlm'm K from - 150to20 OC. (d) Stated value representsaveragecoetr.cient between 25 cos F) and indicated tefl'4lCf'3llJI'e. (e) Nominal composition.
(f) I L2).lrnlm K from-100to2o c : 10.4jlrnfm K front -ISOto 200C.(g) Suued value represents averagecoeff'JCient belween 24and 284 C(74 and 540F)
(continued)
303
Coefficients of linear thennal expansion (continued)

Nearest
AISI.SAE
grade
1008
1008
1010
1010
1015
1020
1022
1022
1035
1035
1040
1045
1052
1055
1060
1070
1078
1080
(e)
1085
1095
(e)
1145
1524
(e)
2330
3140
4137
4140
4340
(e)
200
392
300
572
752
500
932
12.6(b)
13.1(b)
12.5
13.0(b)
12.6
12.5(b)
12.1
12.7
12.7(b)
12.6
11.9
12.0
12. 1(b)
12.3(b)
11.9(d)
II.S(d)
11.8
11.9(d)
12.6(b)
13.5(b)
13.8(b)
14.2(b)
14.6(b)
13.0
13.5(b)
14.2
14.3(b)
14.3
14.2(b)
14.6
14.7(b)
14.7
13.0(b)
13.6
13.9(b)
13.8
13.6(b)
12.8
13.4
13.9
14.4
14.8
13.1(b)
13.3
12.7
12.5
13.0(b)
13. 1(b)
12.7(d)
12.7(d)
12.6
12.9(d)
13.3(b)
13.5(b)
13.8
13.4
13.3
13.6(b)
13.7(b)
13.5(d)
13.7(d)
13.4
13.5(d)
14.0(b)
13.2
13.2
12.3(b)
13.2(b)
13.9(b)
14.3
14.0
13.9
14.0(b)
14.2(b)
14. 1(d)
14.5(d)
14.0
14. 1(d)
14.4(b)
14.8
14.4
14.4
14.6(b)
14.7(b)
14.5(d)
14.7(d)
14.5
14.6(d)
14.9(b)
15.2
14.8
14.8
14.8(b)
15.1(b)
14.8(d)
15.0(d)
14.8
14.9(d)
13.8
13.1(b)
13.6(b)
14.2
14.2
13.6(b)
14.2(b)
14.7
14.2(b)
14.7(b)
13.5(b)
14.0(b)
14.2(b)
12.7
12.9(b)
13.6(b)
13.7(b)
13.9
12.3(b)
13.8
12.9(d)
13.4(b)
13.0(b)
13.7
13.6
13. 1
13.2
13.4
13.4
13.3
12.9
13.3(d)
13.4
13.1
13.4
10.l(g)
11.6
12.2(b)
11.9(c)
11.9(b)
11.7
12.5
12.2(b)
11.1
11.3
11.2(b)
11.6(b)
11.2(d)
I 1.3(d)
11.0
ll.l(d)
11.8(b)
11.1
11.0
8.8(b)
11.1(b)
ll.4(b)
13.0(b)
10.6(b)
11.2(b)
11.6(b)
11.9
8.8(b)
11.9
10.9(d)
11.8(b)
11.2(b)
12.3
(0
11.5
12.5
52100
11.9(b)
12.6(b)
6150
12.2
12.0
12.4(d)
12.4
11.8
12.3
18Ni250(c)
11.7
11.6
9.8(b)
11.7(b)
11.2(b)
12.1(b)
12.3(b)
12.7
9.8(b)
12.6
II .2(d)
12.3(b)
11.8(b)
12.7
12.4
13.3
12.4
11.3(b)
12.5(b)
12. 1(b)
13.0(b)
13.1(b)
11.3(b)
12.1(d)
12.9(b)
12.4(b)
II .6
4615
4617
5140
(e)
6150
6150
Avera9! coefficients of ex~anslon 1 !!mlm K(a}
100
212
12.1
13.1
12.6
12.8
12.7
12.5
12.6{d)
12.8
12.4
12.7
400
13.1(b)
13.4(d)
14.0(b)
13.6(b)
600
1112
14.2(b)
14.6(b)
14.7(b)
14.7
13.6(b)
14.5
13.8(d)
700
1292
800
1472
1000
1832
15.()(b)
14.7
13.8
15.0
15.0(b)
14.9
14.0
14.7(bl
14.8(b)
15. 1(b)
12.6
13.4
11.8
13.6
13.8
15.7
14.3
16.8
12.1
13.8
14.2(b)
14.5
14.3
13.7
13.9
14. 1
13.9
13.8
14.3
14.2
14.6
14.4
13.7
13.0
13.8(d)
13.9
13.6
13.9
14. 1
13.3
14.2(d)
14.2
13.9
14.3
10. 1
14.4
13.7
14.5(d)
14.5
14.1
14.7
15.0
14.6
14.7(d)
(a) Toobcain coellkients in~Jin.lin. fmultiply values in tableby0.556. (b) Slated valuerepresen1s average coefficient betweeno c (32 F) and indicared temperature. (c) 10.31Jmlm
K from-l00Cto20C,9.8 jimlm K from - 150to20"C. (d) Slated value represents average coefficient betwren25 "C(75 F) and indicated tempernrure. (e) Nominal composition.
(f) 11.21Jmlln K from-100to20 C; 10.41Jmlln K from-150to20 C. (g) Staled valuerepresentsaverngecoefflcient between 24 and284 "C(74 and540 f).
304
Electrical resistivities of steels

Nearest
AISISAE
grade
1008
1008
1025
1042
1078
(a)
1524
4130(b)
4140
4340
.5132
5140
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
18Ni2SO(b)
Nearest
AISI.SAE
grade
1008
1008
1025
1042
1078
(a)
1.524
4130(b)
4 140
4340
5132
5140
(I)
(a)
(a)
(a)
18Ni250(b)
c2o
F&a
0.130
0.142
0.169
0.17 1
0.180
0.196
0.208
0.223
0.222
0.248
0.210
0.228
0.223
0.27 1
0.289
0.429
0.6to0.7
0.36to0.6
100
212
200
392
0.178
0.190
0.219
0.22 1
0.232
0.252
0.259
0.271
0.263
0.298
0.259
0.281
0.271
0.320
0.337
0.470
0.252
0.263
0.292
0.296
0.308
0.333
0.333
0.342
0.326
0.367
0.330
0.3.52
0.342
0.390
0.406
0.529
Mn
0.06
0.08
0.23
0.42
0.80
1.22
0.23
0.3
0.41
0.41
0.32
0.39
0.35
0.33
0.34
0.49
0.026
0.38
0.31
0.64
0.64
0.32
0.35
1.51
0.5
0.67
Reslstlvltll:!:n m, at Indicated temperature

1000
600
700
800
900
1292
1472
1652
1832
752
1112
400
0.448
0.458
0.487
0.493
0.505
0.540
0.523
0.529
0.475
0.552
0..517
0.530
0.529
0.567
0.582
0.685
0.55
0.55
0.95
1.01
1.07
1.09
1.03
0.88
0.17
0.78
1.98
0.11
(a) No AISI-SAEstandard grade of similar composition. (b) Nominal composition
1300 c
2372 F
1.241
1.244
1.239
1.073
1.081
1.094
1.111
1.129
1.1.52
1.103
1.103
1.124
1.130
1.136
1. 149
1.164
1.196
1.143
1.160
1.165
1.167
1.179
1.191
1.226
1.174
1.171
1.189
1.193
1.194
1.207
1.2 14
1.249
1.202
1.216
1.220
1.219
1.230
1.231
1.271
1.227
1.222
0.934
1.106
1.14.5
1.177
1.205
1.230
1.251
0.944
0.992
0.994
1.057
1.103
1.122
1.114
1.173
1.138
1.149
1.146
1.197
1.17 1
1.180
1.176
1.223
1.200
1.204
1.199
1.249
1.222
1.228
1.222
1.271
1.242
1.248
1.242
1.289
Mo
Other
0.11 Cu
0.3
1200
2192
0.898
0.905
0.925
0.932
0.935
0.964
0.946
Chemical composition, o/o

Sl
Cr
Nl
0.69
0.79
0.59
0.90
0.1
0.725
0.734
0.758
0.766
0.772
0.802
0.786
0.786
0.646
0.797
0.778
0.785
0.786
0.8 14
0.825
0.911
1100
2012
1.43
0.073
0.26
3.47
3.53
18.5
0.2
0.23
0.26
1.246
1.287
1.250
Treatment
or condition
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
N01koown
Annealed
0.20
0.39
4.7
0.64 Cu
7.0Co;0.22Ti;
0.003B

Annealed
Notlmown
Not blown
Annealed
Aged
305
Thennal conductivities of steels

Nearest
AISI..SAE
grade
1008
1008
1010
1025
1042
1078
(d)
1524
4037
4130(e)
4140
5132
5140
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
18Ni250(e)
Nearest
AISI..SAE
grade
co
"F 32
59.5
65.3(b)
65.2
51.9
51.9
47.8
45.2
46.0
48.6
42.7
36.4
33.1
13.0
19.7(b)
100
212
200
Conductivity, Wlm K(a), at Indicated temperature

300
400
500
600
700
800
392
572
752
932
1112
1292
1472
57.8
60.3
60.2
51. 1
50.7
48.2
44.8
45.8
48.2
42.7
42.7
46.5
44.8
42.7
37.7
33.9
13.8
20.9
53.2
S4.9
55.S
49.0
48.2
45.2
43.5
45.0
45.6
49.4
45 .6
45 .2
46.0
42.7
41.9
38. 1
38.5
40.1
39.4
41.0
36.8
36.4
36.9
35.6
33.9
32.7
33.5
34.4
33.9
33.1
28.5
28.5
28.9
26.0
24.7
24.3
23.9
26.6
50.7
46. 1
45.6
41.4
41.0
42.6
40.6
42.3
44.4
43.5
41.9
38.9
35.2
16.3
Mn
1008
1008
1010
1025
1042
1078
(d)
1524
0.08
0.06
0.10
0.23
0.42
0.80
1.22
0.23
0.31
0.4
0.42
0.64
0.64
0.32
0.35
1.5 1
4037
4 130(e)
4140
5132
5)40
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
18Ni250(e)
0.37
0.3
0.41
0.32
0.39
0.35
0.33
0.34
1.22
0.026
37.3
37.7
38.5
37.7
38.9
36.8
35.6
19.3
42.3
40.6
39.4
35.6
18.0
0.008
0.037
41.5
39.4
38.1
35.2
36.0
37.4
35.6
36.4
35.2
33.5
20.5
Chemical composition, %
Nl
Sl
Cr
0.045
0.07
27.6
27.6
29.7
27.2
26.8
26.8
26.0
27.2
29.7
29.7
30.1
28.1
30.1
0.12
Trace
Trace
0.11
0.11
0.06
0.074
0.063
0.13
0.13
0.04
0.3
0.95
26.0
28.1
30.1
31.0
26.4
28.1
22.6
26.4
25. 1
26.8
23.4
28.1
27.6
28.5
30.1
30.1
30.1
28.1
Other
O.o2
0.038
0.01
O.ot
0.025
0.13Cu
0.12Cu
0.07Cu
0.08Cu
0.105 Cu; 0.033
Co:0.015 AI
0.26
0.59
0.22
0.11
1.01
1.09
1.03
0.88
0.17
0.78
0.03
0.26
3.47
3.53
O.Q7
18.5
0.23
0.012
0.20
0.04
0.39
4.5
25.5
Treatment or
condition
Not known
Annealed
Not known
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
0.5
0.073
"F
28.5
28.9
Mo
(C)
0.028
0.67
0.69
0.79
0.55
0.55
13.0
0.1
30
1200
2192
31.0
33.1
31.8
31.4
33.9
32.7
30.6
21.8
1.56
0.5
32.9
31.8
30.1
30.1
31.0
1000
1832
0.07Cu
0.12Cu
0.09Cu
0.05Cu
0.07Cu
7.0Co;0.22 Ti;
0.003 B
Annealed

Not known
Not known
Not known
Notk.nown
(a) To obtain conductivities in BTU!(I\ h F), multiply values in !able by 0.5778; to obtain conductivities in cal/(em s C). multiply by 0.002388. (b) TbermaJ conduclivily ar21 "C
(70"F). (c)70.4 W/m K M-100 C (-148 F).(d)Noequivalentgrade. (e) Nominal composition
306
Mechanical Properties
This guide shows what to expect
from a given grade of steel in the indicated condition. Data were obtained
from specimens 0.505 in. in diameter
which were machined from l-in.
rounds; gage lengths were 2 in. Average properties of hot rolled, normalized, and annealed material are listed,
while properties of quenched and tempered grades are for single heats.
Sources of the data are Bethlehem Steel
Corp. and Republic Steel Corp.
Because of the many variables that
affect a steel's properties, however,
these listed properties should not be
considered either as average or typical.
Both strengths and ductilities may
range up and down from the values

given, depending on the compositions
of individual heats of the same grade,
section sizes, and internal structures.
Properties of carbon steels and many alloy steels are also affected by residual
e lements (particularly nickel, chromium and molybdenum), even though
their amounts arc limited to maximums
by AISI and SAE specifications.
Fine-grained steels normally have
better impact strength than coarsegrained types, a factor which should be
considered when reviewing the results
of Izod tests. Hardness values are not
always related to corresponding tensile
strengths. In particular, this effect oc-
curs with carbon steels because they are

shallow-hardening. Hardness tests
were made on surfaces, and these hardnesses will not renect the tensile
strengths obtained with specimens representing bar centers. (Center hardnesses are usually lower than surface
hardnesses.)
Hot rolled properties for alloy
steels are not given because these
grades are customarily heat treated. Because the samples were small enough to
ensure full quenching, values indicate
strengths and ductilities which may be
obtained with hardened, fine-grained
steels of a similar section size at room
temperatures.
Mechanical properties of selected carbon and alloy steels in the hot rolled, normalized, and annealed condition
Austenltlzlng
AISI
no.(a)
1015
1020
1022
1030
1040
IOSO
1060
1080
1095
1117
Treatment
As,roUed
Nonnalized
Annealed
As-roUed
Nonnalized
Annealed
As-rolled
Nonnalizcd
Annealed
As-rolled
Nonnalized
Annealed
As, rolled
Nonnalized
Annealed
As-rolled
Nonnalizcd
Annealed
As-roUed
Nonnalizcd
Annealed
As-rolled
Normalized
Annealed
As-rolled
Normalized
Annealed
As-rolled
Nonnalized
Annealed
temperature
c
F
92S
870
870
870
1700
1600
1600
1600
925
870
1700
1600
925
845
1700
15SO
900
790
16SO
14SO
900
790
1650
1450
900
790
1650
14SO
900
790
16SO
14SO
900
790
1650
1450
Tensile
strength
MPa
ksl
420.6
424.0
386.1
448.2
441.3
394.7
503.3
482.6
429.2
55 1.6
520.6
463.7
620.5
589.5
518.8
723.9
748.1
636.0
813.6
775.7
625.7
965.3
1010.1
615.4
965.3
1013.5
656.7
486.8
900
855
1650
1575
467.1
429.5
61.0
61.5
56.0
65.0
64.0
57.3
73.0
70.0
62.3
80.0
75.5
67.3
90.0
85.5
75.3
105.0
108.5
92.3
118.0
112.5
90.8
140.0
146.5
89.3
140.0
147.0
95.3
70.6
67.8
62.3
Yield
strength
MPa
ksl
313.7
324.1
284.4
330.9
346..5
294.8
358.5
358.5
317.2
344.7
344.7
341.3
413.7
374.0
353.4
413.7
427.5
365.4
482.6
420.6
372.3
586.1
524.0
375.8
572.3
499.9
379.2
305.4
303.4
279.2
45.5
47.0
41.3
48.0
S0.3
42.8
52.0
52.0
46.0
so.o
SO.O
49.5
60.0
54.3
51.3
60.0
62.0
53.0
70.0
61.0
54.0
85.0
76.0
545
83.0
72.5
55 .0
44.3
44.0
40.5
Elong- Reduction
atlon,
In area, Hardness,
%
39.0
37.0
37.0
36.0
35.8
36.5
35.0
34.0
35.0
32.0
32.0
31.2
25.0
28.0
30.2
20.0
20.0
23.7
17.0
18.0
22.5
12.0
11.0
24.7
9.0
9.5
13.0
33.0
33.5
32.8
HB
61.0
69.6
69.7
59.0
67.9
126
121
Ill
66.0
Ill
67.0
67.5
63.6
57.0
149
143
137
179
149
126
201
60_8
57.9
so.o
54.9
57.2
40.0
39.4
39.9
34.0
37.2
38.2
17.0
20.6
45.0
18.0
13.5
20.6
63.0
63.8
58.0
143
131
lzodlmpact
strength
J
ft lb
110.5
115.5
115.0
86.8
117.7
123.4
81.3
117.3
120.7
74.6
93.6
69.4
170
149
229
217
187
241
229
179
293
293
174
293
293
192
143
137
121
84.8
64.0
86.8
91.0
60.0
48.8
86.5
89.0
55.0
69.0
51.2
36.0
65.1
44.3
31.2
27. 1
16.9
17.6
13.2
11.3
6.8
6.8
6.1
4.1
5.4
32.7
23.0
20.0
12.5
13.0
9.7
8.3
5.0
5.0
4.5
3.0
4.0
48.0
85.1
2.0
60.0
62.8
93.6
69.0
2.7
81.3
(a) AU gmde$are finegrainedcxoepc for those in the !tOO series which are coarse-grained. Heat treated specimens were oil quenched unlessodlCtWise indicated
(continued)
81.5
85.2
307
Mechanical properties of selec1ed carbon and alloy steels In the hot rolled, nonnallzed, and annealed condltion(contlnued)
AlSI
no.(a)
1118
Treatment
As-rolled
Normalized
Annealed
1137
1141
1144
1340
3140
As-rolled
Normali7.M
Annealed
Asrolled
Normalized
Annealed
As-rolled
Normalized
Annealed
Normalized
Annealed
Normalized
Annealed
4130
4320
Normalized
Annealed
Normalized
Annealed
Normalized
Annealed
Normalized
4340
Normalized
4140
4150
Annealed
Annealed
4620
4820
5140
5150
5160
6150
Normalized
Annealed
Normalized
Annealed
Normalized
Annealed
Normalized
Annealed
Normalized
Annealed
Normalized
Annealed
8620
8630
8650
Normalized
Annealed
Normalized
Annealed
Normalized
Annealed
8740
9255
9310
Normalized
Annealed
Normalized
Annealed
Normalized
Annealed
Austenltlzlng
temperature
f
c
925
790
1700
1450
900
790
1650
1450
900
815
1650
1500
900
790
870
800
870
815
870
865
870
815
870
815
895
8SO
870
810
900
855
860
815
870
830
870
825
855
815
870
815
915
870
870
845
870
795
870
815
900
845
890
845
1650
1450
1600
1475
1600
1500
1600
1585
1600
1500
1600
1500
1640
1560
1600
1490
1650
1575
1580
1500
1600
1525
1600
1520
1575
1495
1600
1500
1675
1600
1600
1550
1600
1465
1600
1500
1650
1550
1630
1550
Tensile
strength
MPa
ksl
521.2
477.8
450.2
627.4
668.8
584.7
675.7
706.7
598.5
703.3
667.4
584.7
836.3
703.3
891.5
689.5
668.8
560.5
1020.4
655.0
1154.9
729.5
792.9
579.2
1279.0
744.6
574.3
512.3
75.0
681.2
792.9
572.3
870.8
675.7
957.0
722.6
939.8
667.4
632.9
536.4
650.2
564.0
1023.9
715.7
929.4
695.0
932.9
774.3
906.7
820.5
75.6
69.3
65.3
91.0
97.0
84.8
98.0
102.5
86.8
102.0
96.8
84.8
121.3
102.0
129.3
100.0
97.0
81.3
148.0
95.0
167.5
105.8
115.0
84.0
185.5
108.0
83.3
74.3
109.5
98.8
115.0
83.0
126.3
98.0
138.8
104.8
136.3
96.8
91.8
77.8
94.3
81.8
148.5
103.8
134.8
100.8
135.3
112.3
131.5
119.0
Yield
strength
ksl
MPa
316.5
319.2
284.8
379.2
396.4
344.7
358.5
405.4
353.0
420.6
399.9
346.8
558.5
436.4
599.8
422.6
436.4
36o.6
655.0
41 7. 1
734.3
379.2
464.0
609.5
861.8
472.3
366.1
372.3
484.7
464.0
472.3
293.0
529.5
357. 1
530.9
275.8
615.7
412.3
357.1
385.4
429.5
372.3
688.1
386.1
606.7
415.8
579.2
486. 1
570.9
439.9
45.9
46.3
41.3
55.0
57.5
50.0
52.0
58.8
51.2
61.0
58.0
50.3
81.0
63.3
87.0
61.3
63.3
52.3
95.0
60.5
106.5
55.0
67.3
61.6
125.0
68.5
53. 1
54.0
70.3
67.3
68.5
42.5
76.8
51.8
77.0
40.0
89.3
59.8
51.8
55.9
62.3
54.0
99.8
56.0
88.0
60.3
84.0
70.5
82.8
63.8
Elong- Reduction
In area, Hardness,
atlon,
%
%
HB
32.0
33.5
34.5
28.0
22.5
26.8
22.0
22.7
25.5
21.0
21.0
24.8
22.0
2.~.5
19.7
24.5
25.5
28.2
17.7
25.7
11.7
20.2
20.8
29.0
12.2
22.0
29.0
31.3
24.0
22.3
22.7
28.6
20.7
22.0
17.5
17.2
21.8
23.0
26.3
31.3
23.5
29.0
14.0
22.5
16.0
22.2
19.7
21.7
18.8
17.3
70.0
65.9
66.8
61.0
48.5
53.9
38.0
55.5
49.3
41.0
40.4
41.3
62.9
57.3
57.3
50.8
59.5
55.6
46.8
56.9
30.8
40.2
50.7
58.4
36.3
49.9
66.7
60.3
59.2
58.8
59.2
57.3
58.7
43.7
44.8
30.6
61.0
48.4
59.7
62.1
53.5
58.9
40.4
46.4
47.9
46.4
43.4
41.1
58.1
42.1
149
143
131
192
197
174
192
201
163
212
197
167
248
207
262
197
197
156
302
197
321
197
235
163
363
217
174
149
229
197
229
167
255
197
269
197
269
197
183
149
187
156
302
212
269
201
269
229
269
241
lzod Impact
strength
J
ft lb
108.5
103.4
106.4
82.7
63.7
49.9
11.1
52.6
34.3
52.9
43.4
65.1
92.5
70.5
53.6
46.4
86.4
61.7
22.6
54.5
11.5
24.7
72.9
109.8
15.9
51.1
132.9
93.6
109.8
92.9
38.0
40.7
31.5
25. 1
10.8
10.0
35.5
27.4
99.7
112.2
94.6
95.2
13.6
29.4
17.6
40.0
13.6
8.8
119.3
78.6
(a) All grades are fine grained excepr for those in the II 00 series wltich are coarse-grafued. Heat treated specimens were oil quenched unless Olhetwise indicated
80.0
76.3
78.5
61.0
47.0
36.8
8.2
38.8
25.3
39.0
32.0
48.0
68.2
52.0
39.5
34.2
63.7
45.5
16.7
40.2
8.5
18.2
53.8
81.0
11.7
37.7
98.0
69.0
81.0
68.5
28.0
30.0
23.2
18.5
8.0
7.4
26.2
20.2
73.5
82.8
69.8
70.2
10.0
21.7
13.0
29.5
10.0
6.5
88.0
58.0
308
Mechanical properties of selected carbon and alloy steels in the quenched and tempered condition
AlSI
no. (a)
1030(b)
1040(b)
1040
1050(b)
1050
1060
Tempering
temperature
F
c
205
315
425
540
650
1080
1095
1137(b)
1141
650
205
315
425
650
205
315
425
540
650
205
315
425
650
205
315
425
540
650
205
315
425
540
650
205
315
425
650
205
315
425
540
1330(b)
800
1000
1200
731
669
586
896
889
841
779
669
779
779
758
717
634
1124
1089
1000
862
717
979
938
876
738
1103
1103
1076
965
400
540
1144
800
600
540
1137
848
205
540
1095(b)
400
600
315
425
540
650
205
315
425
540
650
205
315
425
540
650
315
425
540
650
205
315
425
540
650
205
3 15
Tensile strength
MPa
ksi
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
100
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1310
1303
1289
1131
889
1489
1462
1372
1138
841
1289
1262
1213
1089
896
1082
986
876
758
655
1496
1372
1103
827
648
1634
1462
1165
896
710
876
869
848
807
724
1600
1427
123
116
106
97
85
130
129
122
113
97
113
113
110
104
92
163
158
145
125
104
142
136
127
107
160
160
156
140
116
190
189
187
164
129
216
212
199
165
122
187
183
176
158
130
157
143
127
110
95
2 17
199
160
120
94
237
2 12
169
130
103
127
126
123
117
105
232
207
Yield strength
MPa
ksl
648
621
94
90
519
84
75
64
96
517
441
662
648
634
593
496
593
593
552
490
434
807
793
?58
655
538
724
655
579
469
779
779
765
669
524
979
979
951
807
600
1048
1034
958
758
586
827
813
772
676
552
938
841
731
607
483
1165
1124
986
724
531
1213
1282
1034
765
593
627
621
607
572
503
1455
1282
94
92
86
72
86
86
80
71
63
117
115
110
95
78
105
95
84
68
113
113
Il l
97
76
142
142
138
117
87
152
150
139
110
85
120
118
112
98
80
136
122
106
88
70
169
163
143
105
77
176
186
150
Ill
86
91
90
88
83
73
211
186
Elongation,
%
17
19
23
28
32
16
18
21
23
28
19
20
21
26
29
9
13
19
23
28
14
20
23
29
13
13
14
17
23
12
12
13
16
21
10
II
13
15
20
10
10
12
15
21
5
10
15
24
28
5
9
14
19
25
6
9
12
18
23
17
17
18
20
23
9
9
Reduction
In area,
%
47
53
60
65
70
45
52
57
61
68
48
53
54
57
65
27
36
48
58
65
47
50
53
60
40
40
41
45
54
35
35
36
40
50
31
33
35
40
47
30
30
32
37
47
22
33
48
62
69
17
25
40
60
69
17
32
47
57
62
36
40
42
46
55
39
44
Hardness,
HB
495
401
302
255
207
514
444
352
269
201
262
255
241
2 12
192
514
444
375
293
235
321
277
262
223
321
321
311
277
229
388
388
375
321
255
601
534
388
293
235
401
375
363
321
269
352
285
262
229
197
415
375
311
262
187
461
415
331
262
217
277
262
248
235
2 17
459
402
(a) All grades are fme grained cxcep1 for !hose in !he II 00 series which are coarse-grained. Heal treated specimens were oil quenched unless Olherwise indica!cd. (b) Waler quenched
(continued)
309
Mechanical properties of selected carbon and alloy steels In the quenched and tempered condition (continued)
AISI
no. (a)
1340
4037
4042
4130(b)
4140
4150
4340
5046
50846
50860
5130
5140
5150
Tempering
temperature
425
540
650
205
315
425
540
650
205
315
425
540
650
205
315
425
540
650
205
315
425
540
650
205
315
425
540
650
205
315
425
540
650
205
315
425
540
650
205
315
425
540
650
205
315
425
540
650
205
315
425
540
650
205
315
425
540
650
205
315
425
540
650
205
315
F
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
Yield strength
MPa
ksl
1158
876
731
1806
1586
1262
965
800
1027
951
876
793
696
1800
1613
1289
986
793
1627
1496
1282
1034
814
1772
1551
1248
951
758
1931
1765
1517
1207
958
1875
1724
1469
1172
965
1744
1413
1138
938
786
183
140
116
149
138
127
115
101
261
234
187
143
115
236
2 17
186
!50
118
257
225
181
138
110
280
256
220
175
139
272
250
213
170
140
253
205
165
136
114
1034
772
572
1593
1420
1151
827
621
758
765
731
655
421
1662
1455
1172
883
689
1462
1379
1193
910
703
1641
1434
1138
834
655
1724
1593
1379
1103
841
1675
1586
1365
1076
855
1407
1158
93 1
765
655
167
120
90
110
Ill
106
95
61
241
211
170
128
100
212
200
173
132
102
238
208
165
121
95
250
231
200
160
122
243
230
198
156
124
95
15
18
23
11
12
14
17
22
6
14
20
23
29
12
13
15
20
28
10
II
13
17
22
8
9
13
18
22
10
10
12
15
19
10
10
10
13
19
9
10
13
18
24
1779
1393
1082
883
258
202
157
128
1620
1248
979
793
235
181
142
115
10
13
17
22
37
47
51
60
1882
1510
1124
896
1613
1496
1275
1034
793
1793
1579
13 10
1000
758
1944
1737
273
219
163
130
234
2 17
185
150
115
260
229
190
145
110
282
252
1772
1385
1000
779
1517
1407
1207
938
689
1641
1448
1172
862
662
1731
1586
257
201
145
113
220
204
175
136
100
238
2 10
170
125
96
251
230
8
II
15
19
10
10
12
15
20
9
10
13
17
25
32
34
38
50
40
46
51
56
63
38
43
50
58
37
40
168
127
106
262
230
ISO
112
83
231
206
204
168
135
Ill
Elongation,
%
Reduction
In area,
%
Tensile strength
ksl
MPa
53
60
63
35
43
51
58
66
38
53
60
63
60
37
42
51
59
66
41
43
49
57
64
38
43
49
58
63
39
40
45
52
60
38
40
44
51
60
25
37
so
61
66
Hardness,
HB
335
263
216
505
453
375
295
252
310
295
270
247
220
516
455
380
300
238
467
435
380
315
245
510
445
370
285
230
530
495
440
370
290
520
486
430
360
280
482
401
336
282
235
560
505
405
322
273
600
66
525
435
350
290
475
440
379
305
245
490
450
365
280
235
525
475
(a) All grades are fine grained except for those in the 1100 series which are coarse-grained. Heartrealed specimens were oil quenched unless orherwise indicaled. (b) Warerquenched
(continued)
310
Mechanical properties of selected carbon and alloy steels In the quenched and tempered condition (continued)
Tempering
AISI
no. (a)
5160
51860
6150
tem~rature
"F
42.'i
540
650
20S
315
425
S40
650
800
1000
1200
205
400
315
425
S40
650
205
315
42.'i
S40
650
81845
20.5
315
42.'i
540
650
8630
205
315
42.'i
540
650
8640
205
315
425
S40
650
86845
8650
8660
8740
9255
9260
20.5
315
425
S40
650
205
315
425
S40
650
205
315
42.'i
S40
650
205
315
42.'i
S40
650
205
315
42.'i
S40
650
205
3 15
42.'i
S40
650
94830
205
315
425
S40
650
400
600
800
1000
1200
Tensile streng!h
MPa
ksl
Yield streng!h
MPa
ksl
1448
1124
807
2220
1999
1606
116S
896
210
163
117
322
1310
1034
814
1793
1772
1462
1041
1634
1207
965
1931
1724
1434
1158
945
2034
1765
1407
1103
896
1641
1482
1276
1034
772
1862
1655
1379
1103
896
1979
1696
1379
1103
903
1937
1724
1448
1172
965
237
175
140
280
250
208
168
137
295
256
204
160
130
238
215
185
150
112
270
240
200
160
130
287
246
200
160
131
281
2.'i0
210
170
140
290
233
169
130
800
190
!50
118
260
2S7
212
151
116
Elongation,
%
9
IS
20
4
9
10
12
20
Reduction
In area,
%
47
54
60
10
30
37
47
56
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1489
1103
869
1689
1572
1331
1069
841
1724
1572
1310
1027
793
1503
1392
1172
896
689
1669
1517
1296
1034
800
1641
1551
1317
1034
876
1675
1551
1324
1055
827
216
160
126
245
228
193
155
122
250
228
190
149
115
218
202
170
130
100
242
220
188
150
116
238
22.'i
191
150
127
243
22.'i
192
!53
120
II
15
20
8
8
10
13
17
10
8
II
16
20
9
10
13
17
23
10
10
12
16
20
9
9
11
15
19
10
10
12
IS
20
36
44
47
38
39
43
50
58
33
42
48
53
55
38
42
47
54
63
40
41
45
54
62
31
40
41
49
58
38
40
45
51
58
410
340
270
627
555
461
341
269
600
540
460
355
290
538
483
420
345
282
550
475
405
338
280
465
430
375
310
240
505
460
400
340
280
52.'i
475
39.5
335
280
525
490
420
340
280
580
535
1634
1310
1068
1999
1717
1434
1207
986
2103
1937
1606
12.'i5
993
237
190
ISS
290
249
208
175
143
305
281
233
182
144
1551
1213
951
1655
1551
1358
1138
903
2048
1793
1489
1103
814
22.'i
176
138
240
22.'i
197
165
131
297
260
216
160
118
13
17
20
10
4
8
15
20
1503
1131
814
1551
1420
1207
931
218
164
118
225
206
175
135
105
8
12
20
12
12
13
16
21
II
13
15
20
I
37
46
53
41
46
1758
1324
979
1724
1600
1344
1000
827
255
192
142
250
232
195
145
120
724
460
24
30
43
46
49
57
65
370
315
578
495
415
363
302
601
578
477
352
285
600
540
470
390
295
475
445
382
307
69
250
50
55
60
3
10
22
32
42
400
600
800
1000
1200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Hardness,
HB
(a) All gmdcs are fme grained exccp1 for those in the 1100series which are coorsegrained. Hear treated specimens were oil quenched unless Olherwise indicated. (b) Water quenched
Monotonic and cyclic stres&-straln properties of selected steels
Grade( a)
A538A(e)
A538B(e )
A538C(e)
AM-350(f)
AM-350(f)
Gainex(f)
Gainex(f)
H-11
RQC-100(()
RQC-100(()
10862
1005-1009
1005-1009
1005-1009
1005- 1009
1015
1020
1040
1045
1045
1045
1045
1045
1045
1144
1144
I 54 IF
I 54 IF
4130
4130
4140
4142
4142
4142
4 142
4 142
4142
4142
4142
4142
4340
4340
4340
5160
52100
9262
9262
9262
950C(g)
950C(g)
950X(g)
950X(g)
980X{g)
Orientation(b)
L
L
L
L
L
LT
L
L
LT
L
L
LT
LT
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
LT
L
L
L
L
Description(c)
STA
STA
STA
HR. A
CD
HRsheet
HRsheet
Ausformed
HRplate
HRplate
Q&T
HRsheet
CD sheet
CD sheet
HRsheet
Normalized
HR plate
As f01ged
Q&T
Q&T
Q&T
Q&T
Q&T
Q&T
CDSR
OAT
Q&T forging
Q&Tforging
Q&T
Q&T
Q&T,DAT
OAT
OAT
Q&T
Q&T and deformed
Q&T
Q&T and deformed
Q&T and deformed
Q&T
Q&T
HR,A
Q&T
Q&T
Q&T
SH.Q&T
A
Q&T
Q&T
HRplate
HRbar
Plate channel
HRplate
Plate channel
Hardness,
HB
Tensile
streng!h
MPa
ksl
405
1515
1860
2000
1315
1905
530
510
2585
940
930
1640
360
470
415
345
415
440
620
725
1450
1345
1585
1825
2240
930
1035
950
890
895
1425
1075
1060
1250
1415
1550
1760
2035
1930
1930
2240
825
1470
1240
1670
2015
925
1000
1565
565
565
440
530
695
460
480
496
660
290
290
430
90
125
125
90
80
108
225
225
410
390
450
500
595
265
305
290
260
258
365
310
310
335
380
400
450
475
450
475
560
243
409
350
430
518
260
280
410
159
150
150
156
225
220
270
290
191
276
77
74
375
136
135
238
52
68
60
50
60
64
90
105
210
195
230
265
325
135
150
138
129
130
207
156
154
181
205
225
255
295
280
280
325
120
213
180
242
292
134
145
227
82
82
64
77
101
'Reduction
In area,
"'o
67
56
55
52
20
58
64
33
43
67
38
73
66
64
80
68
62
60
65
51
59
55
51
41
33
25
49
60
67
55
60
29
28
48
47
42
20
37
35
27
43
38
57
42
II
14
33
32
64
69
65
72
68
True
strain
at
fracture
1.10
0.82
0.81
0.74
0 .23
0 .86
1.02
0 .40
0.56
1.02
0.89
1.3
1.09
1.02
1.6
1.14
0.96
0.93
1.04
0.72
0.89
0.81
0.71
0.52
0 .51
029
0 .68
0.93
1.12
0.79
0.69
0.35
0.34
0.66
0.63
0.54
0.22
0.46
0.43
0 .31
0.57
0.48
0.84
0 .87
0.12
0.16
0.41
0.38
1.03
1.19
1.06
1.24
1.15
Modulus of
elasticity
GPa
104 psi
185
185
180
195
180
200
200
205
205
205
195
205
205
200
200
205
205
200
200
200
205
205
205
205
195
200
205
205
220
200
200
200
200
205
200
205
200
200
205
205
195
200
195
195
205
205
195
200
205
205
205
205
195
27
27
26
28
26
29.2
29.2
30
30
30
28
30
30
29
29
30
29.5
29
29
29
30
30
30
30
28.5
28.8
29.9
29.9
32
29
29.2
29
28.9
30
29
30
29
29
30
30
28
29
28
28
30
30
28
29
29.6
30
30
29.5
28.2
Fatigue
Fatigue
Fatigue
strength
Fatigue
ductility
strength
ductility
coefficient, dt {d}
MPa
ksl exponent, b(d) coefficient, '11~ exponent, Sdl
1655
2135
2240
2800
2690
805
805
3170
1240
1240
1780
580
5 15
540
640
825
895
1540
1225
1860
1585
1795
2275
2725
1000
1585
1275
1275
1275
1695
1825
1450
1250
1825
1895
2000
2070
2105
2170
2655
1200
2000
1655
1930
2585
1040
1220
1855
1170
970
625
1005
1055
240
310
325
406
390
117
117
460
180
180
258
84
75
78
93
120
130
223
178
270
230
260
330
395
145
230
185
185
185
246
265
210
181
265
275
290
300
305
315
385
174
290
240
280
375
151
177
269
170
141
91
146
153
-0.065
-0.071
-0.07
-0. 14
-0.102
-0.07
-0.07 1
-0.077
-0.07
-O.Q7
-0.067
-0.09
-0.059
-0.073
-0.109
-0.11
-0.12
-0.14
-0.095
-0.073
-0.074
-0.07
-0.08
-0.081
-0.08
-0.09
-0.076
-0.071
-0.083
-0.081
-0.08
-0.10
-0.08
-0.08
-0.09
-0.08
-0.082
-0.09
-0.081
-0.089
-0.095
-0.091
-0.076
-0.071
-0.09
-0.071
-0.073
-0.057
-0.12
-0.11
-0.075
-0.10
-0.08
0.30
0.80
0.60
0.33
0.10
0.86
0.86
0.08
0.66
0.66
0.32
0 . 15
0 .30
0 . 11
0. 10
0.95
0.41
0.61
1.00
0.60
0.45
0.35
0.25
O.o7
0.32
0.27
0.68
0.93
0.92
0.89
1.2
0.22
0.06
0 .45
0 .50
0.40
0.20
0.60
0.09
O.o7
0.45
0.48
0.73
0.40
0. 18
0.16
0.41
0.38
0.95
0.85
0.35
0.85
0.21
-0.62
-0.71
-0.75
-0.84
-0.42
-0.65
-0.65
-0.74
-0.69
-0.69
-0.56
-0.43
-0.51
-0.41
-0.39
-0.64
-0.51
-0.57
-0.66
-0.70
-0.68
-0.69
-0.68
-0.60
-0.58
-0.53
-0.65
-0.65
-0.63
-0.69
-0.59
-0.51
-0.62
-0.75
-0.75
-0.73
-0.77
-0.76
-0.61
-0.76
-0.54
-0.60
-0.62
-0.57
-0.56
-0.47
-0.60
-0.65
-0.61
-0.59
-0.54
-0.61
-0.53
(a) AISI/SAE grade. unless otherwise indicated. (b) Orientation of axis of specimen, relative to rolling direction: Lis longitudinal (parallel to rolling direction): LT is long transverse (perpendicular to rolling direction). (c) STA. solution treated
and aged; HR. hot rolled: CD. cold drawn: Q&T. quenched and tempered; CDSR, cold drawn strain relieved; OAT, drawn at lemperature; A. annealed. (d) For use in the Manson-Coffin-Basquin strain life relationship:&: = (eVE) (Nrt + e((Nr)<
where&: is strain range, E is modulus of elasticity, and Nr is number of cyc.les ro failure. (e) AS1M designation. (f) Proprietary designation. (g) SAE HSLA grade
w
....
....
312
Low-temperature impact properties of quenched and tempered alloy steels(a)

Heat treatment
Quenching
AlSI
no.
Mn
4320
0.21
0.74
4330
0.30
4340
Com~osltlon 1 %
0.84
0.77
0.38
Nl
Cr
Mo
"F
l.S3
1.09
0.19
900
16SO
1.69
1.65
Tempering
temperature
c
"F
temperatur~b}
0.20
1.10
0.93
8SS
0.21
845
205
4()()
S40
1000
1200
6SO
20S
42S
S40
6SO
205
425
1S75
15SO
4()()
800
1000
1200
4()()
800
S40
4360(c)
0.87
0.57
4380(c)
0.76
8620
1.62
1.67
0.91
0.20
0.89
0.60
1.08
0.22
1.11
800
0.21
0.68
790
0.20
900
1000
1200
6SO
42S
650
425
540
6SO
ISO
425
147S
1450
16SO
800
1200
800
1000
1200
300
800
6SO
8630
0.34
0.77
0.66
0.62
0.22
855
1575
8640
0.45
0.78
0.65
0.61
0.20
845
1550
1200
800
1000
1200
425
S40
6SO
425
800
S40
6SO
8660(c)
0.56
8680(c)
0.70
0.81
0.76
0.67
0.81
0.56
800
0.25
0.60
0.22
790
1475
1000
1200
800
425
540
650
425
l4SO
1000
1200
800
1000
1200
S40
6SO
lm~ct energ~(d}
-1ss c
Hardness,
HRC
43
33
21
so
43
35
27
52
44
38
30
48
30
49
42
31
43
36
21
41
34
27
46
38
30
47
41
30
50
42
32
(-300 "F}
J
tt lb
12
II
26
9
8
19
8
23
23
15
12
20
20
7
16
5
6
17
17
II
9
IS
IS
5
12
4
8
II
7
15
II
14
9
15
24
7
IS
24
5
14
22
4
5
4
II
8
10
7
II
18
II
18
4
10
16
3
4
3
-130 "C
(-200 "F}
J
tt lb
23
22
47
19
14
23
47
20
18
24
38
7
20
7
II
15
17
16
3S
14
10
17
35
15
13
18
28
5
IS
5
8
II
16
13
-75 c
{-100 "F}
J
tt lb
25
37
38
28
54
108
80
16
14
23
45
20
16
122
27
26
41
72
22
19
31
61
27
22
12
20
28
10
IS
30
22
66
8
16
24
5
7
8
6
12
18
4
14
20
34
7
14
IS
18
115
16
27
38
14
20
85
34
38
75
14
34
II
14
26
31
27
145
23
58
100
19
33
22
-20 "C
{0 "F}
28
55
10
25
8
10
19
23
20
107
17
43
74
14
24
49
10
IS
25
5
10
II
28
28
47
75
15
57
12
16
45
47
47
IS6
34
72
108
27
54
8S
18
27
73
12
19
34
tt lb
27
40
90
20
19
30
53
21
21
35
55
II
42
9
12
33
35
35
liS
25
53
80
20
40
63
13
20
54
9
14
25
40 "C
(100 "!:}
J
38
61
122
27
28
46
76
28
34
49
75
19
58
14
20
52
47
61
IS9
42
73
Ill
31
54
89
22
41
81
14
23
54
tt lb
28
45
90
20
21
34
56
21
25
36
55
14
43
10
15
38
35
45
117
31
54
82
23
40
Transition
temperature
{50% brittle}
c
"F
- 55
- 115
-65
- 17S
20
- 80
- 120
70
- 110
- 185
-90
- 120
- 130
- l 8S
- 80
- 110
15
-45
60
-50
-30
- 125
-20
- lOS
- 110
-195
0
- ISS
- 165
...ao
-20
-95
-110
-140
60
-25
-70
-10
-90
10
17
40
-3S
-30
66
16
30
(a) Induction furnace laboralocy beats nonnnlized before hardening and tempering. (b) Specimens 1.14-<:m (0.4Sin.) square ban were quenched in oil. (c) Higher than Slandard carbon
cootent. (d) Owpy V-n(l(Ch values scaled from curves
313
Typical mechanical properties of normalized alloy steel sheet

Tensile
stren9!h
ln.
MPa
ksl
Yield
strength{a}
MPa
ksl
0.193
0.180
0.080
835
1725
1860
121
250
270
585
1240
1345
Thickness
Grade
mm
4130
4335(c)
4340(c)
4.9
4.6
2.0
85
180
195
Elongatlon(b),
%
Hardness,
HAC
14
8
25
48
so
(a) At 0.2% offset. (b) In SO mm or2 in. (c) Modified: 0.40% Mo. 0.20% V
Approximate upper limit of strength at which selected steels are currently used
Tensile
strength
Yield
strength
Applications
Type
MPa
ksl
MPa
ksl
Low-alloy steel
1720
250
2070
300
5Cr-Mo-V
1650
240
2000
90
Stainless steel
Manen.sitic
Age lwdenoble
Manensitic
Exrm-low-carbon, age hardenable manensitic
Cold-rolled austenitic
1100
160
1240
180
Bolts and rivets
1170
170
1310
190
Oamps and btackets
1690
1240
245
180
1770
1380
257
200
Semi-austenitic
1520
220
1620
235
Honeyoomb structures
Highalloy steels
18'1> Ni maragin&
9Ni-4Co
Matrix
1790
259
2070
300
Fasteners and shafts
1650
2000
240
1930
2480
280
360
Axles and shall in&
290
Landing gear components

Airframe strucnues
Missile llllllmge for liquid

propellant
314
Heat Treating
Effect of mass on hardness of normalized carbon and alloy steels

Normalizing
temperature
Grade
Carbon steels, carburlziog grades
lOIS
1020
1022
1117
1118
Carbon steels, direct-hardening grades
1030
1040
1050
1060
1080
1095
1137
1141
1144
.,
Alloy ~1eels, carburizlng grades

3310
4118
4320
4419
4620
4820
8620
93 10
Alloy steels, direct-hardening grades
1340
3140
4027
4063
4130
4140
4150
4340
5140
5150
5160
6150
8630
8650
8740
9255
925
925
925
900
925
1700
1700
1700
1650
1700
126
131
143
143
156
925
1700
1650
1650
1650
1650
1650
1650
1650
1650
900
900
900
900
900
900
900
890
910
895
955
900
860
915
890
870
870
905
870
870
870
870
870
870
870
860
870
870
870
870
900
13(112)
Hardness, HB, for bar

with diameter, mm (ln.), of:
25(1)
50(2)
100(4)
143
137
143
116
126
137
137
137
116
121
131
126
131
156
183
223
229
293
302
201
207
201
149
170
217
229
293
293
197
201
197
137
167
212
223
285
269
197
201
192
137
167
201
223
269
255
192
201
192
1630
1670
1640
1750
1650
1580
1675
1630
269
170
248
149
192
235
197
285
262
156
235
143
174
229
183
269
262
143
212
143
167
223
179
262
248
137
201
143
163
212
163
1600
1600
1660
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1575
1600
1600
1600
1600
1650
269
302
179
285
217
302
375
388
235
262
285
285
201
363
269
277
248
262
179
285
197
302
321
363
229
255
269
269
187
235
235
241
156
277
163
241
293
321
217
241
255
121
131
302
269
269
248
163
285
167
285
311
341
223
248
262
262
187
293
262
269
255
255
187
285
255
269
315
Typical normalizing temperatures for standard carbon and alloy steels

Based on production experience, nonnalizing temperature may vary from as much as 27 oc (50 oF) below to as much as 55 oc (1 00
0
F) above indicated temperature. The steel should be cooled in still air from indicated temperature
Grade
Tem~erature
Plain au"boo steels
1015
1020
1022
1025
1030
1035
1040
1045
1050
1060
1080
1090
1095
111'7
1137
1141
1144
Tem2!rature
Standard alloy steels (eontinued)
915
915
9 15
900
900
885
860
860
860
830
830
830
845
900
885
860
860
1675
1675
1675
1650
1650
1625
1575
1575
1575
1525
1525
1.525
1550
1650
1625
1575
1575
900
870
870
870
870
92.5
900
900
900
870
870
870
870
925
900
870
870
870
870
870
870
870
925
870
870
925
925
92.5
925
925
92.5
1650
1600
1600
1600
1600
1700
1650
1650
1650
1600
1600
1600
1600
1700
1650
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1700
1600
1600
1700
1700
1700
1700
1700
1700
Stand a rd a lloy steels
1330
1335
1340
3135
3140
3310
4027
4028
4032
4037
4042
4047
4063
4118
4130
4135
4137
4140
4142
4145
4147
41 50
4320
4337
4340
4520
4620
4621
4718
4720
4815
Grade
4817
4820
5046
5120
5130
5132
5135
5140
5145
5147
5150
5155
5160
6118
6120
6150
8617
8620
8622
8625
8627
8630
8637
8640
8642
8645
8650
8655
8660
8720
8740
8742
8822
9255
9260
9262
9310
9840
9850
50840
50844
50846
50850
60860
81845
86845
948 15
94017
94830
94040
925
925
870
925
900
900
870
870
870
870
870
870
870
925
925
900
925
925
925
900
900
900
870
870
870
870
870
870
870
925
925
870
925
900
900
900
925
870
870
870
870
870
870
870
870
870
925
925
900
900
1700
1700
1600
1700
1650
1650
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1700
1700
1650
1700
1700
1700
1650
1650
1650
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1700
1700
1600
1700
1650
1650
1650
1700
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1700
1700
1650
1650
316
Approximate critical temperatures for selected carbon and low-alloy steels
Steel
1010
1020
1030
1040
10.50
1060
1070
1080
1340
3140
4027
4042
4 130
4 140
4 1.50
4340
4615
.5046
5120
5140
5160
52100
61.50
8115
8620
8640
9260
724
724
727
727
727
Critical temperatures on
heating at 28 cJh (50 FJh}
Ac
Ac
F
c
1335
1335
1340
1340
1340
1340
1340
1345
1320
13.55
1340
1340
1395
1350
1370
1335
1340
1320
1410
1360
1310
1340
1380
1330
1350
1350
1370
m
727
729
716
73.5
727
727
757
732
743
724
727
716
766
738
710
727
749
721
732
732
743
877
846
813
793
768
746
732
735
777
766
807
793
8 10
804
766
774
810
771
838
788
766
768
788
838
829
779
81 6
1610
1555
1495
1460
1415
1375
1350
1355
1430
1410
1485
1460
1490
1480
14 10
1425
1490
1420
1540
1450
1410
1415
1450
1540
1525
1435
1500
849
8 16
788
7.57
74 1
727
710
699
721
721
760
732
754
743
729
710
760
732
799
727
716
716
743
788
768
727
749
Critical temperatures on
cooling at 28 c Jh (50 FJh)
Ar
Ar
F
c
1560
1500
14.50
1395
1365
1340
1310
1290
1330
1330
1400
1350
1390
1370
1345
1310
1400
13.50
1470
1340
1320
1320
1370
1450
1415
1340
1380
682
682
677
671
682
685
691
693
621
660
671
654
693
679
671
654
649
682
699
693
677
688
693
671
660
666
7 13
F
1260
1260
12.50
1240
1260
126.5
1275
1280
11.50
1220
1240
1210
1280
1255
1240
1210
1200
1260
1290
1280
12.50
1270
1280
1240
1220
1230
13 15
Recommended temperatures and cooling cycles for full annealing of small carbon steel forgings
Data are for forgings up to 75 mm (3 in.) in section thickness. nme at temperature usually is a minimum of 1 h for sections up to 25
mm (1 in.) thick; 112 h isaddedforeach additional25 mm (1 in.) of thickness
Annealing
temperature
Steel
1018
1020
1022
102.5
1030
103.5
1040
1045
10.50
1060
1070
1080
1090
1095
8.55900
855-900
855900
1575 16.50
1575-1650
1575-1650
1575-1650
1550- 162.5
1.5.50-162.5
14.50- 1600
14.50 1600
14.50-1600
14.5015.50
14.5015.50
1450-1.550
14.50..1.525
14501525
855900
845885
845-885
790-870
790-870
790-870
790-845
790-845
790-845
790-830
790830
(a) FurMCe cooling at 28 CJh (50 F/h)
Cooling c~cl~a}
From
To
From
To
Hardness
range,
HB
855
705
700
700
700
650
650
650
650
6.50
6.50
6.50
650
6.50
1575
1575
1575
1575
15.50
15.50
14.50
14.50
14.50
14.50
14.50
14.50
14.50
1450
1300
1290
1290
1290
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
12 15
11 1- 149
11 1-149
111 149
111 187
126- 197
137-207
137207
156-217
15&.211
156-211
167-229
167-229
167229
167-229
c
855
855
855
845
845
790
790
790
790
790
790
790
790
655
317
Recommended annealing temperatures for alloy steels (furnace cooling)

Annealing
temperature
Steel
1330
1335
1340
1345
3140
4037
4042
4047
4063
4130
4135
4137
4140
4145
4147
4150
4161
4337
4340
50840
50844
5046
50846
50850
50860
5130
5132
5135
845-900
845-900
845-900
845-900
815-870
815-855
815-855
790-845
790-845
790-845
790-845
790-845
790-845
790-845
790-845
790-845
790-845
790-845
790-845
815-870
815-870
815-870
815-870
815-870
815-870
790-845
790-845
8 15-870
f
15.50-1650
1550- 1650
1550- 1650
1550- 1650
1500-1600
1500-1575
1500-1575
14.50-1550
14.50-1550
14.50-1550
1450-1550
1450-1550
1450-1550
1450- 1550
1450- 1550
1450- 1550
14.50-1550
14.50-1550
14.50- 1550
1500-1600
1500-1600
1500-600
1500-1600
1500-1600
1500-1600
14.50-1550
14.50-1550
1500-1600
Hardness
(max),
HB
179
187
192
187
183
192
201
223
174
192
197
207
2 12
223
187
197
192
192
201
217
170
170
174
Steel
5140
5145
5147
5150
5155
5160
51860
50100
51100
52100
6150
81845
8627
8630
8637
8640
8642
8645
86845
8650
8655
8660
8740
8742
9260
94830
94840
9840
Annealing
temperature
8 15-870
815-870
815-870
815-870
815-870
815-870
815-870
730-790
730-790
730-790
845-900
845-900
815-870
790-845
815-870
815-870
815-870
815-870
815-870
815-870
815-870
815-870
815-870
815-870
815-870
790-845
790-845
790-845
f
1500-1600
1500-1600
1500-1600
1500-1600
1500-1600
1500- 1600
1500- 1600
1350-1450
1350-1450
1350-1450
1550-1650
1550-1650
1500-1600
1450-1550
1500-1600
1500-1600
1500-1600
1500-1600
1500- 1600
1500-1600
1500- 1600
1500- 1600
1500-1600
1500-1600
1500-1600
1450-1550
14.50-1550
1450-1550
Hardness
(max),
HB
187
197
197
201
2 17
223
223
197
197
2(17
201
192
174
179
192
197
201
207
207
212
223
229
202
229
174
192
201
318
Recommended temperatures and time cycles for annealing of alloy steels

Austenltlzlng
temperature
Steel
c
From
Conventional cooling( a)
Temperature
F
Cooling rate
From
To
cJh
FJh
To
To obtain a prtdominantly pearlilk slructure(c)

1340
830
1525
735
610
1350
2340
800
1475
655
555
1210
800
1475
655
550
2345
1210
3120(d)
885
1625
3140
830
1525
735
650
1350
830
1525
705
645
3150
1300
3310(e)
870
1600
1525
745
640
4042
830
1370
1525
735
630
4047
830
1350
1525
695
630
4062
830
1280
4130
855
1575
765
665
14 10
4140
845
1550
755
665
1390
1370
4150
830
1525
745
670
885
1625
4320(d)
4340
830
1525
705
565
1300
1625
4620(d)
885
4640
830
1525
715
600
1320
4820(d)
5045
830
1525
755
665
1390
1625
5120(d)
885
5132
845
1550
755
670
1390
1525
740
670
5140
830
1360
1525
705
650
5150
830
1300
52100(1)
6150
830
1525
760
675
1400
8620(d)
885
1625
8630
845
1550
735
640
1350
1525
725
640
8640
830
1340
8650
830
1525
710
650
1310
1525
700
655
8660
830
1290
8720(d)
885
1625
645
8740
830
1525
725
1340
8750
830
1525
720
630
1330
9260
860
1575
760
705
1400
9310(e)
870
1600
1280
9840
~30
1525
695
640
9850
830
I525
700
645
1290
To obtain a predominantly ferrilic and spheroidl:ted carbide stru~lure
1320(d)
805
1480
1340
750
1380
735
610
1350
715
1320
655
555
1210
2340
2345
715
1320
655
550
1210
3120(d)
790
1450
745
1370
735
650
1350
3140
645
1300
3150
750
1380
705
745
1370
695
640
nso
9840
9850
745
1370
700
645
1290
Time,
h
Isothermal method(b)
Cool to
Hold,
12
12.7
620
595
595
650
660
660
1150
1100
1100
1200
1225
1225
1100
1225
1225
1225
1250
1250
1250
1225
1200
1200
1150
1125
1225
1275
1250
1250
1250
1130
1030
1020
II
8.3
9.1
20
15
15
1200
1190
II
II
20
20
7.5
5.5
1180
1170
11 70
1230
1230
II
II
1240
8.3
20
14
8.4
20
20
15
35
25
15
9.5
9
7.3
5
6.4
8.6
1050
8.3
15
16.5
1110
7.6
15
15
650
650
620
20
605
660
1.5
6
5
690
675
675
675
II
595
660
660
660
675
675
675
660
1230
1240
1240
1200
II
II
II
II
20
20
20
1250
8.4
15
1180
1180
1200
1210
II
II
8.4
8.4
20
20
15
15
1190
1170
1300
II
8.4
8.4
20
15
15
1.5
10.7
1180
1190
8.4
8.4
15
15
6.6
6.7
1130
1030
1020
5.5
5.5
5.5
10
1200
1190
1180
1190
5.5
5.5
5.S
5.5
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
8.5
8
7.2
~7
22
18
19
15
II
II
11
675
660
660
660
650
650
660
660
660
660
595
650
650
650
640
605
605
650
660
660
650
650
Hard
ness
(approx),
HB
4.5
6
6
4
183
201
201
179
187
201
187
197
207
223
174
197
212
197
223
187
197
192
192
179
183
187
201
6
6
14
4.5
5
6
4
5
6
8
6
8
4
4..5
4
6
6
6
1250
1225
1225
1225
1200
1200
1225
1225
1225
1225
1100
1200
1200
6
4
6
6
8
8
4
7
7
6
14
6
8
201
187
192
197
212
229
187
201
217
229
187
1200
11 80
1125
11 25
1200
1225
1225
1200
1200
8
8
10
10
8
10
10
10
12
170
174
192
192
163
174
187
192
207
223
207
(a) The steel is cooled in the fumacem the indicnled mce through the temperature range shown. (b) Thesreel is coo led rapidly to the rempemrure indicated and is held a1 thatleiDpefliiUre
forthetlmespeci1ed. (c) ln isOiherrnal annealing to obtain pcarlitic structure. steels may be austenitizcdm temperatures up to 70"C (125 "F)higherthan temperatures listed. (d) Seldom
annealed. Structures of better machinability are developed by normaliZing or by transfonning isolhermally after rolling or forging. (e) Annealing is impractical by the convemional
process ofcontinuous slow cooling. The lower transformmion temperature is markedly depressed. and eKoessively long cooling cycles are required to obtai11transformation to pearlite.
(f) Predominantly pearlitic structures are seldom desired in this steel
319
Austenltlzlng temperatures for direct-hardening carbon and alloy steels (SAE)

Steel
Carboa steels
1025
1030
1035
1037
1038(a)
1039(a)
1040(a)
1042
t043(a)
1045(3)
1046{a)
1050(a}
1055
1060
1065
1070
1074
1078
1080
1084
1085
1086
Temperature
1095
855-900
845-870
830-855
830-855
830-855
830-855
830-855
800-845
800-845
800-845
800-845
800-845
800-845
800-845
800-845
800845
800-845
790-815
790-815
790-815
790-815
790-815
790-8 15
790-815(b)
1575- 1650
1550-1600
1525- 1575
1525- 1575
1525- 1575
1525- 1575
1525-1575
1475- 1550
1475-1550
1475- 1550
1475- 1550
1475-1550
1475- 1550
1475-1550
1475- 1550
1475- 1550
1475- 1550
14-50-1500
1450-1500
1450-1500
14501500
1450-1500
1450-1500
14S0.1500(b)
.Free-aalllng carbon steels

1137
1138
1140
1141
1144
1145
1146
1151
1536
1541
1548
1552
1566
830-855
815845
815-845
800-845
800-845
800-845
800-845
800845
815845
815-845
815-845
815845
855-885
1525-1575
1.500-1550
1.500-1550
1475- 1550
1475 -1550
1475 -1550
1475 -1550
1475-1550
1500-1550
1500-1550
1500- 1550
1.500-1550
1575- 1625
830-855
815-845
815-845
8 15-845
815-845
830-855
830-855
815-855
800-845
1525-1575
1500- 1550
1500-1550
1500- 1550
1500-1550
1525- 1575
1525- 1575
1500-1575
1475-1550
1090
Alloy steels
1330
1335
1340
1345
3140
4037
4042
4047
4063
Steel
Alloy steels (continued)
4130
4135
4137
4140
4142
4145
4147
4150
4161
4337
4340
50840
50844
5046
50846
50850
50860
5130
5132
5135
5140
5145
5147
5150
5155
5160
51860
50100
51100
52100
6150
81845
8630
8637
8640
8642
8645
86845
8650
8655
8660
8740
8742
9254
9255
9260
94830
94840
9840
Teme!reture
815-870
845-870
845-870
845-870
845-870
815-845
815-845
815-845
815-845
815-845
815-845
815-845
815-845
815-845
815-845
800-845
800-845
830-855
830-855
815-845
815-845
81.5-845
800-845
800-845
800-845
800-845
800-845
775-SOO(c)
775-SOO(c)
775-800(c)
845-885
815-855
830-870
830-855
830-855
815-855
815-855
815-855
815-855
800-845
800-845
830-855
830-855
815-900
815900
815-900
845-885
845-885
830-855
F
1.500-1600
1550-1600
1550-1600
1550-1600
1550-1600
1.500-1550
1.500-1550
1.500-1550
1.500-1550
1.500-1550
1.500-1550
1500-1550
1500-1550
1.500-1550
1.500-1550
1475-1550
1475- 1550
1525 1575
1525- 1575
1.500-1550
1.500-1550
1500 1.550
1475-1550
1475-1550
1475-1550
1475-1550
1475-1550
1425-1475(c)
1425-1475(c)
1425- 1475(c)
1550-1625
1500- 1575
1525-1600
1525 1575
1525-1575
1.500-1575
1.500-1575
1.500-1575
1.500-1575
1475-1550
1475-1550
1525-1575
1525-1575
1.500-1650
1.500-1650
1.500-1650
1550-1625
1559- 1625
1525-1575
(a)Conunonly used on parts where induction hW"deni ng is employed. All steels rrom SAE 1030 up may have induclion hW"dening applications. (b) This temperature range may
be employed for 1095 steel that is to be quenc.hed in water. brine or oil. For oil quenching, I 095 steel may alternatively be austenilized in the range 815 to 870 c(I SOO to 1600 F).
(c) This range is recommended forstee1that is to be water quenched. For oil quenching, steel should beaustenitized in the range 815 to870 C(lSOOto 1600 "F)
320
Reheating (austenltlzlng) temperatures for hardening of carburlzed carbon and alloy steels (SAE)(a)
Steel
Tem~rature
Carbon Sleds
1010
1012
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1022
1513
1518
1522
1524
1525
1526
1527
Free-cutting carbon steels
1109
IllS
1117
11 18
Steel
Temperature
OF
Alloy steels
760-790
760-790
760-790
760-790
760-790
760-790
760-790
760-790
760-790
760-790
760-790
760-790
760-790
760-790
760-790
760-790
1400-1450
1400-1450
1400-1450
1400- 1450
1400-1450
1400-1450
1400-1450
1400-1450
1400-1450
1600-1650
1600-1650
1600-1650
1600- 1650
1600- 1650
1600-1650
1600-1650
760-790
760-790
760-790
760-790
1400-1450
1400-1450
1400-1450
1400-1450
33 10
4320
4615
4617
4620
4621
4626
4718
4720
4815
4817
4820
8115
8615
8617
8620
8622
8625
8627
8720
8822
93 10
(a) Carburizing is commonly carried out at900 to 925 OC ( 1650 to 1700 F); slow cooled and reheated to given austenitizing temperature
79().830
830-845
8 15-845
815-845
815-845
815-845
815-845
815-845
815-845
800-830
800-830
800-830
845-870
845-870
845-870
845-870
845-870
845-870
845-870
845-870
845-870
790-830
1450-1525
1525-1550
1500-1550
1500-1550
1500-1550
1500-1550
1500-1550
1500-1550
1500-1550
1475-1525
1475-1525
1475-1525
1550-1600
1550-1600
1550-1600
1550-1600
1550-1600
1550-1600
1550-1600
1550-1600
1550-1600
1450-1525
321
Typical hardnesses of various carbon and alloy steels after tempering

Data were obtained on 25-mm {1-in.} bars adequately quenched to develop full hardness
Grade
Carbon
content,
%
c 2os
"F 400
260
500
Hardness, HRC1 after tempering for 2 h at:

370
315
425
480
540 595 sso c
700
600
800
900 1000 1100 1200 f
Heat treatment
Carbon steels, water hardening

1030
50
0.30
1040
0.40
51
1050
0.50
52
45
48
50
43
46
46
39
42
44
31
37
40
28
30
31
25
27
31
22
22
29
95{a)
94(a)
22
Nonnnliz.ed at900 c (1 650 F); water quenched

from 830 to 845 c ( 1525to 1550 " F); average dew
point, 16 cc60 FJ
1060
1080
1095
0 .60
0.80
0.95
56
51
58
55
55
57
50
50
52
42
43
41
38
41
43
37
40
42
35
39
41
33
38
40
26
32
33
Normalized at885 c (1625 F): water quenched

from800to 815 c (1475to I.500 F); average dew
point. 1 c (45 F)
1131
1141
1144
0.40
0.40
0.40
44
49
55
37
41
45
33
38
50
40
43
41
39
30
34
32
21
28
29
21
23
25
9J(a)
94(a)
97(a)
Nom1alizcd at 900 c ( 1650 F): water quenched

from 830 to 855 c (1525 to 1515 F): average dew
point. 13 c (55 F)
Alloy steels, water hardening

41
0.30
2330
0.30
47
3 130
41
0.30
44
44
44
42
42
42
38
38
38
35
35
35
32
32
32
26
26
26
22
22
22
16
16
16
Normalized at900 c ( 1650 F): water quenched

from 800 to 815 c C1415 to 1500 F): average dew
point. J6 Cc60 F>
41
41
41
45
45
45
43
43
43
42
42
42
38
38
38
34
34
34
32
32
32
26
26
26
22
22
22
Normalized at 885 C(I625 F): water quenched

from800 to 855 c (1475to 1515 f): average dew
point. I6 C (60 F)
51
55
51
53
52
53
50
49
50
46
41
47
44
41
45
41
37
41
38
33
36
35
30
33
31
26
29
Normalized at 870 OC ( 1600 F): oil quenched

from 830 to 845 c (1525 to 1550 F): average dew
point. J6 cc60 F)
8740
0.40
0.40
0.40
55
52
51
52
51
53
50
50
50
48
41
41
45
42
44
42
40
41
39
31
38
34
31
35
31
27
22
Nonnali1.ed at 870 C ( I600 F): oil quenched

from 830 to 845 c ( 1525 to 1575 F): average dew
point. 13 c (55 F)
4150
5150
6150
0.50
0.50
0 .50
56
51
58
55
55
57
53
52
53
51
49
50
41
45
46
39
42
43
34
40
39
31
36
35
28
31
Normalized at870 c ( 1600 F): oil quenched

from830to 870 c (1525to 1600 1:-l : average dew
point, 13 c (55 F)
8650
8150
9850
0 .50
0 .50
0.50
55
56
54
54
55
53
52
52
51
49
51
48
41
44
41
31
39
36
32
34
33
28
32
30
Normalized at870 c (1600 F): oil quenched

from 815 to 845 c (1500 to 1550 F); average dew
point. l:l c (55 F)
mo
41 30
5130
8630
0.30
0 .30
0 .30
Alloy steels, oil hardening

1340
0.40
3 140
0.40
4140
0.40
4340
4640
(n) Hardness. HRB
42
46
46
45
46
45
322
Machining
Machinability ratings of plain carbon steels, percent of cutting speed forB 111211212
Grade(a)
1005
1006
1008
1010
lOll
1012
1013
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1025
1026
1029
1030
1035
1037
Machinability
rating,%
HB
Machinability
rating,%
Grade(a)
45
50
55
9.'5
55
105
1038
1039
1040
1042
105
1043
Ill
12 1
116
126
131
121
131
137
121
126
143
1045
95
65
60
60
60
70(b)
60
70(b)
53
55
53
60
70
65
70
70
65
70
70
65
65
75
68
70
65
65
55
65(c)
1046
55
65(c)
45
55(c)
45
55(c)
55
55(c)
52
60(d)
60(d)
60(d)
48
1049
1050
1053
1055
1059
1060
1064
1065
1066
149
163
167
HB
Machinability
rating,%
Grade( a)
163
179
170
179
179
179
179
179
170
187
179
197
187
197
189
1069
1070
1074
1075
1078
1080
1084
1085
1086
1090
1095
1524
1527
1536
1541
197
1547
183
183
187
1548
48
55(d)
55(d)
48
55(d)
4.'5{d)
45(d)
45(d)
45(d)
45(d)
45(d)
60
65
55
45
60(c)
40
45(c)
45
50(c)
50(c)
1552
HB
192
192
192
192
192
192
192
197
197
163
163
187
207
184
207
187
217
192
193
(a) Unless OOierwise indicated, all values are for cold drawn steels. (b) Normalized and cold drawn. (c) Annealed nnd cold drawn. (d) Spheroidized and cold drawn
Machinability ratings and recommended feeds and speeds for cold-drawn carbon steel bars(a)
Steel
grade
Machinability Width of
ratlng(b), %
cut, ln.
Form turning
Speed,
ftlmln.
Feed,
lpr
Single-point turning
Depth of
Speed,
Feed,
cut, in.
ftlmin .
ipr
Size of
hole, in.
Drilling
Speed,
ftlmln.
Feed,
ipr
12LI4
158
0.500
1.000
1.500
2.000
2.500
260
240
240
235
230
0.0033
0.0028
0.0027
0.0020
0.0016
0.12.'5
0.250
0.375
0.500
260
240
235
230
0.0093
0.0088
0.0071
0.0060
0.250
0.500
0.750
1.000
1.250
145
145
160
160
165
0.0060
0.0066
0.0077
0.0088
0.0099
1213
136
0.500
1.000
1.500
2.000
2.500
225
210
210
205
200
0.0030
0.0025
0.0025
0.0018
0.0015
0.125
0.250
0.375
0.500
225
210
205
200
0.0085
0.0080
0.0065
0.0055
0.250
0.500
0.750
1.000
1.2.'50
125
125
140
140
145
0.0054
0.0060
0.0010
0.0080
0.0090
1119. 12 12
100
0.500
1.000
1.500
2.000
2.500
165
160
160
155
150
0.0025
0.0020
0.0018
0.0015
0.0012
0. 125
0.250
0.375
0.500
165
160
155
150
0.0070
0.0065
0.0055
0.0045
0.250
0.500
0.750
1.000
1.250
105
105
11.'5
11.'5
120
0.0045
0.500
1.000
1.500
2.000
2.500
155
150
ISO
146
141
0.0023
0.0019
0.0017
0.0014
0.0011
0. 125
0.250
0.375
0.500
155
150
146
141
0.0066
0.0061
0.0052
0.0042
0.250
0.500
0.750
1.000
1.250
99
99
108
108
113
0.0042
0.0047
0.0056
0.0066
0.0076
1211
94
(a) All cuningspeeds and feeds based on cutting with highspeed steel tools. (b) Based on a m:~ehinabilityrntingof 100% for 1212 steel
(continued)
o:ooso
0.0060
0.0070
0.0080
323
Machinability ratings and recommended feeds and speeds for cold-drawn carbon steel bars(a) (continued)
Steel
grade
1117. 1118
1144. annealed
1141, annealed
1016. 1018. 1022
1144
1035, 1141 . 1050,

annealed
Form turning
Speed,
ft/min.
Feed,
0.500
1.000
1.500
2.000
2.500
150
145
145
141
136
0.0022
0.0018
0.0016
0.0014
0.0011
0.125
0.250
0.375
0.500
0.500
1.000
1.500
2.000
2.500
140
136
132
127
0.0021
0.0017
0.0015
0.0013
0.0010
0.125
0.250
0.375
0.500
0.500
1.000
1.500
2.000
2.500
135
130
130
127
122
0.0020
0.0017
0.0015
0.0012
0.0010
0.1 25
0.250
0.375
0.500
0.500
1.000
1.500
2.000
2.500
130
125
125
121
117
0.0019
0.0016
0.0014
0.0012
0.0009
0.125
0.250
0.375
0.500
0.500
1.000
1.500
2.1)()()
2.500
125
121
121
117
113
0.0019
0.0015
0.0014
0.0011
0.125
0.250
0.375
0.500
0.0009
12.7
585
0.043
3.18
585
0.12
25.4
38.1
50.8
0.036
0.033
0.028
6.35
9.53
12.7
570
550
535
63.5
570
510
550
535
0.020
0.038
0.030
0,028
0.023
0.018
3.18
6.35
953
12.7
Machinability Width of
ratlng(b), %
cut, ln.
91
85
81
78
76
70
136
lpr
1o4o
64
12.7
25.4
38.1
50.8
63.5
535
515
515
500
485
1045
57
12.7
25.4
38.1
50.8
63.5
485
0.036
460
460
0.030
445
430
0.023
0,018
455
440
0.028
1050
54
12.7
25.4
38.1
50.8
63.5
0.025
0.036
440
0.025
425
410
0.020
Single-point turning
Feed,
Depth of Speed,
cut, ln.
ft/mln.
lpr
150
145
141
136
140
136
132
127
135
130
127
122
130
125
121
117
0.0064
0.0059
0.0050
0.0041
0.0059
0.0055
0.0047
0.0040
0.0057
0.0053
0.0045
0.0037
0.0055
0.0051
0.0043
0.0035
Size of
hole, ln.
Drilling
Speed,
ftlmln .
0.250
0.500
0.750
1.000
1.250
95
95
105
105
119
0.250
0.500
0.750
1.000
1.250
89
89
98
98
102
0.0040
0.250
0.500
0.750
1.000
1.250
86
86
0.0040
0.0045
0.0054
0.0063
0.0072
0.250
0.500
0.750
1.000
1.250
82
82
0.250
0.500
0.750
1.000
1.250
94
94
98
Feed,
lpr
0.0041
0.0045
0.0055
0.0064
0.0073
0.0045
0.0055
0.0064
0.0070
0.0038
0.0043
0.0052
90
90
0.0060
94
0.0068
79
87
87
0.0037
0.0042
0.0050
0.0058
91
0.0066
6.35
370
0.086
0. 11
0.097
0.079
12.7
19.05
25.4
31.75
370
405
405
425
0.097
0.11
0.13
0.16
535
515
500
485
0.11
0.10
0.086
0.071
6.35
12.7
19.05
25.4
31.75
340
340
370
370
385
0.081
0.089
0.11
0.12
0. 14
3.18
6.35
9.53
12.7
485
0.066
6.35
12.7
19.05
25.4
31.75
305
305
330
330
345
0.071
0.079
445
430
0. 10
0.094
0.079
0.11
0.13
3.18
6.35
9.53
12.7
455
440
425
410
0097
0.089
0.076
0.061
6.35
12.7
19.05
25.4
31.75
290
290
0.001
0.079
315
315
0.094
125
121
117
113
460
0.0052
0.0049
0.0041
0.0034
0.018
(a} All cutting speeds and feeds based oncuuing with high-speed steel tools. (b) Based on a machinability rating of 100% for 1212 steel
79
330
0.094
0.11
0.13
324
Machinability ratings for alloy steels
Grade
1330
1335
1340
1345
4012
4023
4024
4027
4028
4032
4037
4042
4047
4118
4130
4135
4137
4140
41L40
4142
4145
4147
4150
4161
4320
4340
E4340
4419
4422
4427
4615
Machinability
rating(a)
55 (b)
55 (b)
50 (b)
45 (c)
70(c)
70(c)
75 (c)
70(c)
75 (b)
70(b)
70(b)
65(b)
65(b)
60(c)
70(b)
70(b)
70(b)
65(b)
85(b)
65(b)
60(b)
60(b)
55 (b)
50(d)
60{e)
50{d)
50{d)
65(b)
65(c)
65(b)
65(c)
Typical
hardness
range, HB
179-235
179-235
183-241
183-241
149-196
156-207
156-207
167-212
167-212
174-217
174-217
179-229
179-229
170-207
187-229
187-229
187-229
187-229
187-229
187-229
187-235
187-241
187-241
187-229
187-241
187-241
170-212
170-212
170-212
174-2'23
Grade
Machinability
rating(a)
Typical
hardness
range, HB
65(c)
65(c)
60(c)
70(c)
60(c)
65 (c)
50(e)
50(e)
50(e)
65{c)
65(b)
65(b)
60(b)
60(b)
55(b)
55(d)
55(d)
-6 5{c)
70{c)
70(b)
70(b)
70(b)
65(b)
65 (b)
65 (b)
60(b)
55 (b)
55 (d)
55(d)
40(d)
40(d)
174-223
183-229
183-229
170-212
187-229
187-229
187-229
187-229
187-229
156-196
174-223
174-223
174-223
174-223
183-235
170-212
170-212
163-201
163-201
174-212
174-212
179-217
179-217
179-229
179-229
183-235
183-235
179-217
179-217
183-241
183-241
4617
4620
4621
4626
47 18
4720
4815
4817
4820
5015
50840
50844
5046
50846
50850
5060
50860
5115
5120
5130
5132
5135
5140
5145
5147
5150
5155
5160
51860
50100
51100
Grade
52100
6118
6150
8115
81845
8615
8617
8620
86L20
8622
8625
8627
8630
8637
8640
8642
8645
86845
8650
8655
8660
8720
8740
8822
9254
9255
9260
9310
94815
94817
94830
Machinability
rating(a)
40(d)
60(c)
55 (d)
65 (c)
65 (b)
70{C)
70(c)
65 (c)
85{0
65(c)
60(b)
60(b)
70(b)
65 (b)
65 (b)
65 (b)
65 (b)
65 (b)
60(b)
55 (b)
55 (d)
65(c)
65(b)
55(d)
45 (d)
40(d)
40(d)
50(e)
70(c)
70(c)
70(b)
Typical
hardness
range, HB
11!3-241
179-217
183-241
163-202
179-223
179-235
179-235
179-235
179-235
179-223
170-223
179-229
179-229
184-229
184-229
184-235
184-235
187-248
187-248
179-217
179-235
184-235
179-223
187-241
179-229
184-235
184-229
163-202
163-202
170-223
(a) All ratings apply to cold-finished bars. (b) Microstrucrurecompo5ed primarily of lamellar pearlite and ferrite. (c) Microstructure composed primarily of blocky or acicular pearlite
and bainire, as found in hot rolled sreels. (d) Microstructure compound primarily of spheroid ire. (e) Microstructure resulting from subcritical anneal. {f) Microstructure 001 specified
Machinability ratings for cold-drawn alloy steel bars(a)

Steel
grade
1330
1335
1340
1345
4023
4024
4027
4028
4037
4047
4118
4130
41 37
4140
4142
4145
4147
4150
4 161
4320
4340
4615
Condition
before
drawing
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Hot rolled
Hot rolled
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Hot rolled
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Spheroidized
Annealed
Annealed
Hot rolled
Machinability
ratlng(b), %
Steel
grade
55
55
4620
4626
4720
4815
4817
4820
5015
50844
50846
50850
50860
so
45
70
75
70
15
70
65
60
70
70
65
65
60
5120
60
5130
5 132
5 135
5140
5150
55
SISS
50
60
50
65
5 160
51860
51100
52100
Condition
before
drawing
Hot rolled
Hot rolled
Hot rolled
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Hot rolled
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Spheroidized
Hot rolled
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Spheroidized
Spheroidized
Spheroid!zed
Spheroidized
Machinability
ratlng(b), %
Steel
grade
65
70
65
50
50
50
6118
6150
81845
8615
8617
8620
8622
8625
8627
8630
8637
65
65
60
55
55
70
70
70
70
65
60
55
55
55
40
8640
8642
8645
8655
8720
8740
8822
9260
94817
94830
Condition
before
drawing
Hot rolled
Annealed
Anne.' led
Hot rolled
Hot rolled
Hot rolled
Hot rolled
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Annealed
Hot rolled
Annealed
Hot rolled
Spheroidized
Hot rolled
Annealed
Machinability
ratlng(b), %
60
55
65
70
70
65
65
60
60
70
65
65
65
65
55
65
65
55
40
70
70
40
(a) Soun:e: AJSI Committee of Hot Rolled and Cold Finished Bar Producers. (b) Based on cutting with high-speed tool steels and a machinabiliryrnting of l()()i,l, for 1212 steel
325
Conditions recommended for various machining operations on wrought steels of different hardness levels
Material
Hardness, Type of
Grade( a) condltlon(b)
tool(c)
HB
12L13
HR.N. A. C D
150.200
41L40
HR,N,A.CO
200-260
1030
HR.N.A.CD
175-225
4140R
HR.N. A,CD
200-250
8620
HR, A,CD
175-225
1060
HR.N.A.CD
175-225
4140
HR. A. CD
175-225
4340
HR. A. CD
175-225
HII
225-300
4340
N, Q&T
275-325
375-425
4340
Q&T
Broach
Tap
HSS
Carbide
40(d)
15
HSS
25(d)
65
20(d)
6S
20(d)
55
20(d)
55
20(d)
55
20(d)
45
Carbide
HSS
Carbide
HSS
Carbide
HSS
Carbide
HSS
Carbide
HSS
Carbide
HSS
Carbide
HSS
Carbide
20(d)
45
20(d)
30
HSS
15(d)
25
Carbide
HSS
Carbide
8(d)
12
Deep
drill
I 55(e)
275(d)
I IO(e)
2SO(e)
90(h)
200(d)
95(h)
200(h)
80(h)
200(d)
85(b)
200(d)
SO(h)
200(d)
80(h)
200(d)
65(h)
200(d)
55(1)
ISO(d)
30(d)
IOO(h)
Bore
Fonncut
Drill
Plane
Tum
End mill
165(1)
615(h)
IOO(t)
380(h)
95(1)
3SO(h)
85(1)
345(h)
85(d)
320(h)
85(f)
325(h)
75(f)
295(h)
75(1)
295(h)
55(g)
260(h)
SS(g)
240(f)
30(d)
ISO(g)
165(g)
525(1)
90(d)
3 10(g)
85(d)
275(g)
75(d)
270(g)
75(d)
250(g)
SO(d)
265(g)
65(d)
225(g)
65(d)
225(g)
SO(n)
17.5(d)
50(n)
175(d)
30(n)
IIO(d)
130(h)
95(i)
300(k)
65(i)
290(k)
60(i)
2SO(k)
55(i)
300(k)
55(i)
250(k)
60(m)
250(k)
50(i)
240(k)
SO(i)
240(k)
45(i)
200(k)
35(m)
JSO(i)
195(j)
700(1)
120(j)
4750)
95(j)
400(1)
90(j)
430(1)
I lOG)
440(1)
90(j)
395(h)
90(j)
400(1)
90(j)
400(1)
65(h)
350(1)
60(j)
330(j)
35(h)
225(j)
185(1)
490(h)
140(g)
400(1)
120(g)
375(1)
125(g)
375(1)
90(g)
365(f)
115(g)
375(1)
90(g)
350(f)
90(g)
350(1)
IIS(g)
300(f)
6S(g)
240(g)
45(d)
140(d)
90(1)
75(h)
80(1)
65(h)
70(h)
6S(h)
65(h)
50(1)
45(g)
25(d)
(a) L. lead-bearing grade: R, resulforized steel. (b) HR, hot rolled: N. nonnalized: A, annealed: CD. cold drawn: Q & T. quenched and remperod. (c) Dimensions of cut as follows: tap,
deep drill and drill: 0.5-in. diarn hole; bore and end mill: 0.05-in. deep cut: fonn cut: 0.5-in. wide cut: plane: 0 . JO-in. deep cut: rum: 0.15-in. deep cut. (d) Chip load in broaching or feed
in milling: 0.003 to 0.004 in.ltooth; feed in other operations: 0.003 to 0.004 ioJrev. (e) Feed: 0.0 12 in.trev. (f) Feed: 0.007 10 0.008 in .!rev. (g) Feed: 0.005 to 0 .006 in/rev. (b) Feed:
0.009to0.010 in.lrev. (i) Feed: 0.05 inJstroke. (j) Feed: O.QI5 inJrev. (k) Feed: 0.08 inJstroke. (I) Feed: 0.020 inJrev. (m) Feed: 0.03 inJstroke. (n) Feed: 0.001 100,002 inJrev
326
Forming
Typical mechanical properties of steel sheet
Type or quality
Hot rolled
Coi11JllefCial
Drawing (rimmed)
Drawing (special killed)
Medium strength
High-strength
Cold rolled
Commercial
Orawing (rimmed)
Orawing (special killed)
Interstitial free
Medium strength
High strength
Special feature
Yield
streng!h
MPa
ksl
Tensile
strength
MPa
ksl
60
30
35
40
25
55
50
50
70
620
90
IS
90
317
46
310
296
317
483
724
45
43
35
45
40
45
25
10
45
40
40
4.5
85
25(a)
Srandard properties
Improved propenies
Non-aging
Inclusion shape
control
Inclusion shape
control
262
1AI
241
345
38
35
35
50
359
345
345
414
552
80
Improved finish
Strelehability
Deep drawing
Extra deep drawing
Formable
Moderntcly
fonnable
234
34
30
25
22
60
207
172
152
414
689
tOO
Strain-hardening
Elongation
exponent,
lnSOmm Hardness,
or21n.,%
HRB
n
52
50
50
46
70
105
Plastic
strain
ratio,
rm
0.15
0.18
0.20
0. 15
0.9
1.0
1.0
0.9
0.20
0.24
0.22
0.24
0.20
1.0
1.2
1.6
2.0
1.2
(a) Hanloess. HRC
Minimum bend radii for selected plain carbon and low-alloy steel sheet materials
Product
Production description(a)
Quality temper
or strength level
Cold rolled
100811010
1008/1010
1008/1010
1008/1010
1008/1010
CQ
DQ
No. 3(b)
No.2(c)
No. l(d)
Hot rolled
1008/1010
CQ
100811010
Annealed
102011025
4130.8630
1070. 1095
ASTM A607 (HSLA)
DQ
Thickness
Minimum bend radius

Parallel to rolling
Across rolling
direction
direction
0.25 mm (0.01 in.)
0.25 rnm(O.OI in.)
<2.25 mm (<0.09 in.)

>2.25 mm (>0.09 in.)
<2.25 mm(<0.09 in.)
>2.25 mm (>0.09 in.)
It
0.51
NR
NR
NR
0.751
0.51
It
l.St
It
0.51
0.25/
0.51
0.151
11to2t
1.5tto2t
345 MP:! (50 ksi)

4 15 MP3(60 1:si)
480 MP3 (70 ksi)
211031
1.5t
31
4t
(a) CQ. coi11JllefCinl quality; DQ. drawing quality; t. sheet thiclmess; I'<R. n01 recommended. (b) Quarter hard. (c) Half hard. (d) Full hard
lt
21
3t
327
Suggested minimum Inside bend radii for SAE J410c steels

of various strengths and thicknesses
Grade
942X
945A,945C
945X
950A,950B,
950C,950D
950X
955X
960X
965X
970X
980X(a)
Min bend radius for thickness t of

<4.6 mm
4.6 to 6.4 mm
6.4 to 12.7 mm
(<0.180 ln.) (0.180 to 0.250 ln.) (0.250to 0.500 ln.)
I
2t
21
2.51
2t
31
2.51
31
3.51
41
4.51
4.51
2.51
31
3.51
41
4.51
4.51
1.51
2t
2.51
31
3.51
3.51
2t
(a) Available only in lhicknesses to 9.5 mm (0.375 in.)
Specified bend test radii for inclusion shape-controlled

ASTM A715 steel sheet
Grade
50
60
70
80
Bend test radius for

Transverse
Longitudinal
bends(a)
bends(a)
0.51
0.51
0.751
0.751
(a) For sheetlhickness r up to 5.84 mm (0.2299 in.)
0
0
0.51
0.51

Carbon and Alloy Steel Properties Guide

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Carbon and Alloy Steels

Composition Ranges and Tolerances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AISI-SAE system of designations .

Standard carbon steels containing less than 1.00% manganese .

Carbon steel structural shapes and plate (ASTM specifications)

Carbon steel pressure-vessel plate (ASTM specifications)

Product descriptions and carbon contents for wrought carbon steels

Specific heat of steels . .

Heat Treating . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Effect of mass on hardness of normalized carbon and alloy steels . . .

Typical normalizing temperatures for standard carbon and alloy steels

Approximate critical temperatures for selected carbon and low-alloy steels

Typical hardnesses of various carbon and alloy steels after tempering

Machining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ... .

Ratings of plain carbon steels, percent of cutting speed for B 1112/1 2 12

Conditions recommended for various machining operations on wrought steels of different

Typical mechanical properties of steel sheet .

electric welded chain

Composition Ranges and Tolerances

Lowest max, 'k (e)

0.040 (c) to 0.08 incl

Over0.08 ro0.13 iocl

O.OSO (c) to0.09 incl

Iron ore, 30 kN (3 ton)

0.05 to 0.08 incl

0.04 (b) to 0.08 inc I

Flat rolled products

Sets of grooved rolls

Steel processing now lines

Alloy steel heat composition ranges and limits-plate

Over 5.30 to 10.00 incl

Lowest max, ~(b)

Basic open hearth or

Carbon steel product composition tolerances

Limit or max of specified range, %

Tolerance over max or under min limlts1 %

Over maximum only, to 0.040 inc!

Over maximum only, to0.050 inc!

Under minimum only

Alloy steel product composition tolerances-bars, billets, blooms, and slabs

Tolerance over max or under min limits, %(a)

400 to 800 ln.2

Over max only

Over max only

0.15 to 0.35 incI

Alloy steel product composition tolerances-plate

Over max only

AIS'-SAE system of designations

Type of steel and

Nickekhromlum-molybdenum steels (continued)

Cr 0.27. 0.40. 0.50 and 0.65

Ni 1.25; Cr 0.65 and 0 .80

Mo 0.20 and 0.25

Type of steel and

Nickel- molybdenum steels

Cr 0.60. 0 .80 and 0.95; V 0.10

Cr0.50,0.80and 0.95: Mo0.12,

Ni 1.82: Cr 0.50 and 0.80; Mo 0.25

Rich-strength io>4-a1.1oy steels

Si 1.40 and 2.00: Mn 0.65. 0.82

Various SAE grades

B deno tes boron steel

Composition ranges and limits for AISI-SAE standard