The Ultimate

Computer
Acronyms Archive

www.acronyms.ch

Last updated: May 29, 2000

 «I'm sitting in a coffee shop in Milford, NH. In the booth next to me are
two men, a father and a son. Over coffee, the father is asking his son
about modems, and the son is holding forth pretty well on the subject
of fax compatibility, UART requirements, and so on. But he's little out
of date: The father asks, "So should I get one with a DSP?"

"A what?" says the son.

You just can't get far if you're not up on the lingo. You might squeak
by in your company of technological nonexperts, but even some of
them will surprise you. These days, technical acronyms quickly
insinuate themselves into the vernacular.»

Raphael Needleman

THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY.

The information contained in this document represents the current view of the authors on this subject as of the date of
publication. Because this kind of information changes very quickly, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on
the part of the authors and the authors cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information presented herein.
INFORMATION PROVIDED IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND FREEDOM FROM INFRINGEMENT. The user assumes the entire risk as to the
accuracy and the use of this document.
This document may be copied and distributed subject to the following conditions:
1. This document must not be altered.
2. This document may not be distributed for profit.
 0-9 0-9
µ (mu): Micro
Prefix for 10 power -6
1GL: First Generation Language
Machine language (Software)
2D: 2Dimensional

2D: Double Density

(Hardware)
2GL: Second Generation Language
Assembler and other low-level languages (Software)
2S: 2 Sides
(Hardware)
3D: 3Dimensional

3GL: 3rd Generation Language

High level programming languages (Software)
4GL: 4th Generation Language
Database access languages (Software)
4GT: 4 Gigabyte memory Tuning

5GL: Fifth Generation Language

Artificial intelligence languages (Software)
6DOF: Six Degrees Of Freedom

Page 3 of 161
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Page 4 of 161
 A
A: Ampere ABRS: Automated Book Request System A
Current measurement unit
ABS: Address Book Synchronization
A/D: Analog/Digital (IBM)
(Hardware)
ABS: ABSolute
A/P: Accounts Payable
ABS: Automatic Backup System
A/PC: Auto Personal Computer
(Hardware) ABT: ABorT
A/R: Accounts Receivable ABTS: Ascii Block Terminal Services
A/UX: Apple UniX AC: Audio Codec
(Operating systems) (Apple) (Hardware)
AA: Auto Answer AC: Alternate Current
AAB: All-to-All Broadcast AC: AutoCheck
AAC: Advanced Audio Coding AC: Automatic Computer
AAF: Advancced Authoring Format ACAP: Application Configuration Access
Protocol
AAL: Atm Adaption Layer
ACC: ACCumulator
AAP: Applications Access Point
(DEC) ACD: Automatic Call Distribution
AARP: Appletalk Address Resolution ACDI: Asynchronous Communications
Protocol Device Interface
(Network) (Apple)
ACE: Access Control Encryption
AAS: Auto Area Segmentation
Scanner technology which detects and optimizes text and ACE: Access Control Entry
graphics on the same page (Hardware) (Epson) (Operating systems)
AAS: All-to-All Scatter ACE: Advanced Computing Environment

AASP: Ascii Asynchronous Support Package ACE: Automatic Computing Engine

AAT: Average Access Time ACE: Adverse Channel Enhancements

AATP: Authorized Academic Training ACE: Adobe Certified Expert

Program (Adobe)
(Microsoft)
ACF: Access Control Field
ABA: Address Book Archive
Filename extension ACF: Advanced Communications Function

ABC: Atanasoff-Berry Computer ACH: Automated Clearing House

First digital calculating machine that used vacuum tubes
ACIA: Asynchronous Communication
ABEL: Advanced Boolean Expression Interface Adapter
Language
ACIAS: Automated Calibration Interval
ABEND: ABnormal END Analysis System
(Software)
ACID: Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation and
ABI: Application Binary Interface Durability
Defines the binary system interface between compiled
applications and the operating system on which they run. ACIS: American Committee for
Interoperable Systems
ABIOS: Advanced Basic Input Output
System ACK: ACKnowledge
A transmission control character transmitted by a station as an
ABIST: Automatic Built-In Self-Test affirmative response to the station with which the connection
(IBM) has been set up. (Communication)
ABLE: Adaptive Battery Life Extender ACL: Advanced Cmos Logic

ABR: Available Bit Rate ACL: Access Control List

For granting or denying access to computer resources
(security) (Operating systems)

Page 5 of 161
 ACM: Association for Computing Machinery ADC: Application Delete Certificate
(Organizations)
ADC: Advanced Data Connector
ACM: Audio Compression Manager (Databases) (Microsoft)
(Microsoft)
ADC: Analog to Digital Converter
A ACMS: Application Control Management A device that translates analog signals to digital signals.
System Contrast with digital-to-analog converter (DAC). (Hardware)
ACP: Auxiliary Control Process ADC: ADd with Carry
ACP: Ancillary Control Program ADCCP: Advanced Data Communication
Control Procedures
ACPI: Advanced Configuration and Power
(Communication)
Interface
(Hardware) ADD: Adapter Device Driver
ACR: Allowed Cell Rate ADD: Automatic Document Detection
ACROSS: Automated Cargo Release and ADF: Automatically Defined Function
Operations Service System
ADF: Automatic Document Feeder
ACS: Automatic Contrast Selection
Scanner device (Hardware)
ACS: Advanced Computer System ADF: Adapter Description File
(IBM) File name extension
ACS: Asynchronous Communication Server ADI: AutoCad Device Interface
Driver
ACS: Anti Curl System
ADK: Appliance Development Kit
ACS: Access Control System (Software)

ACS: Access Control Set ADL: Address Data Latch

ACS: Automatic Class Selection ADLAT: ADaptive LATtice filter

ACSE: Association Control Service Element
The method used in International Organization for
Standardization's open systems interconnection (OSI) for
establishing a call between two applications.
ACSS: Audio Cascading Style Sheet
ADLC: Asynchronous Data Link Control
ADMACS: Apple Document Management
And Control System
ADMD: ADministrative Management Domain

ACTS: Advanced Communication ADML: Application Description Markup

Technology Satellite Language
(Communication) (NASA) (Software)

ACTS: Automated Computer Time Server ADMS: Adstar Distributed Management

System
ACTT: Advanced Communication and
Timekeeping Technology ADO: Activex Data Object
(Databases) (Microsoft)
ACU: Automatic Calling Unit
ADODB: Activex Data Object DataBase
ACVC: Ada Compiler Validation Capacity (Databases) (Microsoft)

AD: Active Directory ADP: Automatic Data Processing

(Operating systems) ADP: Access Database Project
ADA: ADA Filename extension (Software) (Microsoft)
Programming language named after Augusta Ada Lovelace ADPCM: Adaptive Differential Pulse Code
ADA: Automatic Data Acquisitions Modulation
Communication protocol (Communication)
ADA: Adobe Developers Association
(Organizations)
ADR: Advanced Digital Recording
(Hardware)
ADAPT: Architecture, Design, Analysis and
Planning Tool ADR: ADdRess

ADB: Apple Desktop Bus ADS: Advanced Digital System

Bus architecture (Hardware) (Apple)
ADS: Application Development Solutions
ADBS: Advanced Data Broadcast System (AT&T)
(Communication)
ADS: Automatic Distribution System
ADC: Adaptive Data Compression
(Hayes) ADS: Application Development System

Page 6 of 161
ADS/O: Application Development System / AFDW: Active Framework for Data
Online Warehousing
(Microsoft)
ADSC: Adobe Document Structuring
Conventions AFFS: Amiga Fast File System
ADSI: Active Directory Service Interface (Operating systems)
(Network) AFI: Authority and Format Identifier
A
ADSI: Analog Display Services Interface AFII: Association for Font Information
ADSL: Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line Interchange
Communication infrastructure (Communication) AFIRM: Automated Fingerprint Image
Reporting and Match
ADSM: Advanced Data Storage Management
(IBM) AFIS: Automated Fingerprint Identification
System
ADSM: Adstar Distributed Storage Manager
(Databases) (IBM) AFLCD: AntiFerroelectric Liquid Cristal
Display
ADSP: Appletalk DataStream Protocol
(Hardware)
(Apple)
AFM: Adobe Font Metrics
ADSR: Attack, Decay, Sustain, Release
File name extension (Adobe)
ADT: Application Data Type AFM: Atomic Force Microscope
(Hardware)
ADT: Abstract Data Type
(Microsoft) AFM: Atomic Force Microscope
(Hardware)
ADT: Access Developer Toolkit
(Software) (Microsoft) AFP: Advanced Function Presentation
(IBM)
ADT: Atlantic Daylight Time
Timezone: GMT -4:00 AFP: Appletalk Filing Protocol
(Communication) (Apple)
ADU: Automatic Dialing Unit
AFP: Advanced Function Printing
AE: Above or Equal
AFR: Annualized Failure Rate
AEB: Analog Expansion Bus (Hardware)
(Dialogic)
AFR: Alternate Frame Rendering
AEC: Architecture, Engineering, (Hardware)
Construction
A computer graphics market requiring specialized applications AFS: Andrew File System
that facilitate efficient planning, design, drafting, and analysis.
AFT: Adapter Fault Tolerance
AEGIS: Advanced Electronic Guidance and (Intel)
Instrumentation System
AFTP: Anonymous File Transfer Protocol
AEI: Application Enabling Interface
AGA: Advanced Graphics Adapter
AES: Advanced Encryption Standard
AGARAS: AntiGlare AntiReflective AntiStatic
AESA: Atm End System Address
(Communication) AGC: Automatic Gain Control
AF: Assured Forwarding AGE: Amorphium Graphics Engine
Using AF, a provider may offer different levels of service for IP
packets received from a customer domain. Each AF class is AGP: Accelerated Graphic Port
allocated a specified amount of buffer space and bandwidth (Hardware)
(Network)
AGU: Address Generation Unit
AFA: Accelerated File Access
AH: Authentication Header
AFAIK: As Far As I Know (Network)
(Messages)
AHA: Adaptec Host Adapter
AFC: Automatic Font Change (Hardware) (Adaptec)
AFC: Application Foundation Classes AHDL: Analog Hardware Description
(Software) (Microsoft) Language
AFC: Automatic Frequency Control AHDT: Alaska-Hawaii Daylight Time
Timezone: GMT -10:00
AFD: Automatic File Distribution
AHS: Automated Highway Systems

Page 7 of 161
 AHST: Alaska-Hawaii Standard Time
Timezone: GMT -10:00
AI: Artificial Intelligence
AI: Analog Input
A AIA: Applications Integration Architecture
(DEC)
AIC: Aixwindows Interface Composer
(IBM)
AIF: Audio Interchange Format
AIFF: Audio Interchange File Format
(Apple)
AIIM: Association for Information and
Image Management
AIM: Aol Instant Messenger
AIM: Application Integration Module
AIN: Advanced Intelligent Network
AIR: Architecture Implementation Review
AIS: Automated Information System
AISB: Association of Imaging Service
Bureaus
AISP: Association of Information Systems
Professionals
AIT: Advanced Intelligent Tape
(Hardware)
AIX: Advanced Interactive eXecutive
IBM's Unix (Operating systems) (IBM)
aka: Also Known As
(Messages)
ALB: Advanced Load Balancing
ALC: Application Load Certificate
ALC: Airline Link Control
Service protocol (Network)
ALC: Automatic Level Control
ALC: Arithmetic and Logic Circuits
ALDC: Adaptive Lossless Data Compression
(IBM)
ALE: Application Linking Enabling
ALE: Application Launch and Embedding
(Software)
ALE: Address Latch Enable
ALEC: Alternative Long Exchange Carrier
(Communication)
ALEP: Advanced Language Engineering
Platform
ALGOL: ALGOrithmic Language
Programming language (Software)
ALIBI: Adaptive Location of
Internetworked Bases of Information
ALINK: Active LINK
Page 8 of 161
ALIWEB: Archie Like Indexing in the WEB
ALM: Asynchronous Line Multiplexer
A device that connects multiple terminals or other serial
interface devices to Sun network file servers or workstations.
Also known as "multiple terminal interface."
ALN: Asynchronous Learning Network
ALR: Advanced Logic Research
ALT: ALTernate
ALU: Arithmetic Logic Unit
Device in a CPU performing arithmetic operations (Hardware)
AM: Amplitude Modulation
AMA: Automatic Message Accounting
AMASS: Archival Management And Storage
System
Manufacturer
AMD: Advanced Micro Devices
CPU Manufacturer (AMD)
AMD: Active Matrix Display
AME: Advanced Metal Evaporation
Recording media technology (Hardware)
AMHA: Advanced Macro Heuristic Analysis
(Dr. Solomon)
AMI: American Megatrends, Inc.
AMI: Alternate Mark Inversion
AMLCD: Active-Matrix Liquid Crystal Display
(Hardware)
AMMA: Advanced Memory Management
Architecture
AMP: Attached Media Processor
(Hardware)
AMPS: Advanced Mobile Phone System
(Communication)
AMS: Advanced Microcomputer System
(Hardware) (Siemens-Nixdorf)
ANDF: Architecture-Neutral Distribution
Format
ANI: ANImated cursor
File name extension (Microsoft)
ANI: Automatic Number Identification
ANN: ANNotations
File name extension (IBM)
ANN: Artificial Neural Network
ANS: American National Standard
ANSI: American National Standard Institute
An organization that reviews and approves product standards in
the United States. (Organizations)
ANX: Automotive Network eXchange
AO: Analog Output
AO/DI: Always On/Dynamic Isdn
AOCE: Apple Open Collaborative APPC: Advanced Program to Program
Environment Communication
(Apple)
APPCM: Access Protection and Priority
AOE: Application Operating Environment Control Mechanism
(AT&T) APPI: Advanced Peer-to-Peer
AOL: America OnLine Internetworking
A
(Network) (Network)
AOS: Add Or Subtract APPN: Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking
(Network) (IBM)
AOW: Asia and Oceania Workshop
One of the three regional OSI implementors workshops. APRP: Adaptive Pattern Recognition
Processing
AP: Application Processor
APS: Analog Protection System
AP: Access Point
(Hardware)
APS: Advanced Printing Service
(IBM)
APA: Adaptive Packet Assembly
APS: Advanced Photo System
APA: All Points Addressable
APS: Asynchronous Protocol Specification
APA: Arithmetic Processing Accelerator
APSE: Ada Programming Support
APAR: Authorized Program Analysis Report Environment
(IBM) (Software)

APC: American Power Conversion APSO: Audio Precision System One

(Hardware)
APCUG: Association of PC User Groups
APT: Automatically Programmed Tools
APCVG: Association of Personal Computer
Users Group APT: Address Pass Through
(Organizations) APT: Advanced Parallel Technology
APDU: Application Protocol Data Units
APTC: Authorized Prometric Testing Center
APF: Apple Filing Protocol Sylvan Prometric is a division of Sylvan Learning Systems. It is
(Apple) the global leader in computer-based testing for academic
assessment, professional licensure, and certification.
API: Application Programming Interface
A set of calling conventions defining how a service is invoked APTM: Application Program to Transaction
through a software package. (Software) Manager
APIC: Advanced Programmable Interrupt AR: Application Requester
Controller (IBM)
(Intel) ARA: Appletalk Remote Access
APIPA: Automatic Private Internet Protocol (Communication) (Apple)
Addressing ARAG: AntiReflective, AntiGlare
(Network)
ARAS: AntiReflective, AntiStatic
APIS: Advanced Passenger Information
System ARB: Architecture Review Board
APL: A Programming Language
ARC: ARChive
(Software)
File name extension
APL: Applied Physics Laboratory,
ARCA: Advanced Risc Computing
Skaggsville, MD. Advanced research
Architecture
facility.
ARCnet: Attached Resource Computer
APL: Average Picture Level
NETwork
Monitor quality parameter (Hardware)
ARIN: American Registry for Internet
APLSF: A Programming Language with
Numbers
Shared Files
(Organizations)
APM: Advanced Power Management
ARL: Access Rights List
APNIC: Asia-Pacific Network Information
ARL: Adjusted Ring Length
Center
APOP: Authenticated Post Office Protocol ARLL: Advanced Run Length Limited

APP: APPlication ARM: Advanced Risc Machine

File name extension
ARM: Asynchronous Response Mode

Page 9 of 161
 ARM: Annotated Reference Manual ASAP: Automatic Switching And Processing

ARMA: Association of Records Managers ASB: Advanced System Buffering

and Administrators (Hardware) (Intel)
ARMS: Architecture for Reliable Managed ASC: Accredited Standards Committee
A Storage
ASC: ASCii text
ARO: Adaptec Raidport Option File name extension
(Hardware) (Adaptec)
ASC: Authorized Support Centers
AROM: Alterable Read Only Memory
ASCC: Automatic Sequence Controlled
ARP: Address Resolution Protocol Calculator
The Internet protocol used to dynamically map Internet (IBM)
addresses to physical (hardware) addresses on local area
networks. Limited to networks that support hardware broadcast. ASCI: Accelerated Strategic Computing
(Network) Initiative
ARPA: Advanced Research Projects Agency ASCII: American Standard Code for
Now called Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Information Interchange
(DARPA), the U.S. government agency that funded the The standard binary encoding of alphabetical characters,
ARPANET. (Organizations) numbers, and other keyboard symbols (7 bit character code.)
ARPANET: Advanced Research Projects ASD: Automatic Skip Driver
Agency NETwork (Operating systems) (Microsoft)
A packet switched network developed in the early 1970s. The
"grandfather" of today's Internet. ARPANET was ASDSP: Application-Specific Digital Signal
decommissioned in June 1990. Processor
ARPL: Adjust Requested Privilege Level ASE: Active Storage Element

ARQ: Automatic Repeat reQuest ASE: Alladin Smartcard Environment

(Communication)
ASE: Adaptive Server Enterprise
ARTA: Apple Real Time Architecture (Databases) (Sybase)
ARTIC: A Real-Time Interface Coprocessor ASET: Automated Security Enhancement
(IBM) Tool
A tool that allows a user to specify an overall system security
ARTS: Asynchronous Remote Takeover
level (low, medium, or high) and automatically maintain
Server systems at those levels.
ARTT: Asynchronous Remote Takeover ASF: Applied Science Fiction
Terminal Manufacturer (ASF)
ARU: Audio Response Unit ASF: Active Streaming Format
ARX: Autocad Runtime eXtensions ASF: Advanced Streaming Format
(Software) (Autodesk)
AS: Advanced Server ASF: Apache Software Foundation
(Organizations)
AS: Authentication Service ASI: Asynchronous SCSI Interface
AS: Autonomous System ASI: Automatic System Installation
A self-connected set of networks that are generally operated
within the same administrative domain (Network) ASIC: Application-Specific Integrated
AS: Application Server Circuit
(IBM) A gate array or other non-standard chip design for proprietary
use. (Hardware)
AS/400: Application System/400
(IBM)
ASID: Address Space IDentifier

AS/U: Advanced Server for Unix ASIT: Advanced Security and Identification
Technology
AS3AP: Ansi Sql Standard Scalable And
Portable ASK: Amplitude Shift Keying

ASA: American Standards Association ASL: Adaptive Speed Leveling

ASA: Active Server Application ASLB: Accelerated Server Load Balancing

(Network) (Microsoft)
ASLM: Apple Shared Library Manager
ASAI: Adjunct Switch Application Interface (Apple)
(AT&T)
ASLT: Advanced Solid Logic Technology
ASAP: As Soon As Possible
(Messages)

Page 10 of 161
ASM: Advanced Server Manager AT&T: American Telephone and Telegraph
(Operating systems) (Acer)
ATA: Advanced Technology Attachment
ASM: Advanced System Management Peripheral bus architecture (Hardware)
(IBM)
ATAPI: Advanced Technology Attachment
ASM: ASseMbler Packet Interface A
File name extension (Hardware)
ASMP: ASymmetric MultiProcessing ATC: Advanced Transfer Cache
System architecture (Hardware) (Hardware)
ASN: Abstract Syntax Notation ATC: Address Translation Controller
The International Organization for Standardization's open
systems interconnection (OSI) language for describing abstract ATDM: Asynchronous Time Division
syntax. Multiplexer
ASN: Autonomous System Number ATDNet: Advanced Technology
Demonstration NETwork
ASO: Automated Systems Operations
(Network)
ASP: Appletalk Session Protocol ATE: Asynchronous Terminal Emulation
ASP: Association of Shareware ATE: Atm Terminating Equipment
Professionals
(Organizations) ATE: Automatic Test Equipment
ASP: Active Server Pages ATEC: Authorized Technical Education
Dynamic Web pages engine (Network) (Microsoft) Center
ASP: Advanced Signal Processing (Microsoft)
ATF: Automated Test Facility
ASP: Authorized Service Provider
ATG: Advanced Technology Group
ASP: Application Service Provider
(Software) ATI: Allied Telesyn International
ASPEN: Automatic System for Performance Networking hardware manufacturer (Hardware)
Evaluation of the Network ATIP: Absolute Time In Pregroove
ASPI: Advanced Scsi Programming
ATL: Adaptive Threshold Learning
Interface
ASPS: Advanced Signal Processing System ATL: Active Template Library
(Microsoft)
ASR: Automatic Server Recovery
ATM: Asynchronous Transfer Mode
(Operating systems)
A standard for switching and routing all types of digital
ASR: Automatic Send-Receive information, including video, voice, and data. With ATM, digital
information is broken up into standard-sized packets, each with
ASR: Automatic Speech Recognition the "address" of its final destination. (Communication)

ASR: Automatic Send Receive ATM: Automatic Teller Machine

(Communication)
ATM: Adobe Type Manager
ASR: Address Space Register (Software) (Adobe)

AST: AST research, inc. ATM: Air Traffic Management

Company named from first initials of the founders: Albert Wong,
ATMS: Assumption based Truth
Safi Qureshey, Thomas Yuen
Maintenance System
AST: Atlantic Standard Time
ATOB: Ascii TO Binary
Timezone: GMT -4:00
ASTRAL: Alliance for Strategic Token Ring ATOMM: Advanced super Thinlayer and
Advancement and Leadership high-Output Metal Media
ASVD: Analog Simultaneous Voice & Data ATP: Application Transaction Program
(Communication)
ATP: Appletalk Transaction Protocol
ASYNC: ASYNchronous Communication (Communication) (Apple)
Communication protocol (Communication)
ATP2: AppleTalk Phase 2
AT: Advanced Technology
(IBM) ATPS: AppleTalk Printing Services
(Apple)
AT: ATtention
Modem command prefix (Communication) ATR: Answer To Reset
AT: Azores Time
Timezone: GMT -2:00

Page 11 of 161
 ATR: Advanced Telecommunication AVTK: Anti Virus ToolKit
Research (Software)
(Organizations)
AWAC: Audio Waveform Amplifier and
ATR: Automatic Terminal Recognition Converter

A ATS: Administrative Terminal System AWC: Advanced Web Creations

ATS: Apple Terminal Services AWDE: Artus Wireless Data Enhancer

ATTN: ATTeNtion
ATVEF: Advanced TeleVision Enhancement
Forum
(Organizations)
ATX: Advanced Technology eXtended
(Intel)
AU: AUdio
File name extension
AUC: AUthentication Center
AUDIT: AUtomated Data Input Terminal
AUI: Audible User Interface
AUI: Attachment Unit Interface
(Communication) (Nokia)
AWE: Advanced Wave Effects
(Creative Labs)
AWG: American Wire Gauge
AWK: Aho, Weinberger and Kernighan
Unix language named after its authors: Al Aho, Peter
Weinberger and Brian Kernighan
AWS: Advanced Workstations and Systems
(IBM)
AWT: Abstract Windows Toolkit
(Software)
AX: Architecture eXtended
AXI: American eXpress Interactive

AUP: Acceptable User Policy

AUT: Application Under Test

AUTODIN: AUTOmatic DIgital Network

AUTOVON: AUTOmatic VOice Network

AUX: Apple UniX

AUX: AUXiliary

AV: Access Violation

(Software)
AV: Anti Virus

AV: Audio Video

AV: Authenticity Verification

AVA: Audio Visual Authoring

(IBM)
AVATAR: Advanced Video Attribute
Terminal Assembler and Recreator
AVC: Audio Visual Connection
(IBM)
AVC: Advanced Visual Computing
(SGI)
AVD: Alternating Voice and Data

AVE: Autocad Visualization Extension

AVG: AVeraGe

AVI: Audio Video Interleaved

File Format
AVR: Automatic Voice Recognition

AVR: Automatic Voltage Regulation

(Hardware)
AVT: Applied Voice Technology

Page 12 of 161
 B
b: Bit BBR: Back Bone Ring

B: Byte BBS: Bulletin Board System

(Communication) B
B&W: Black & White
BC: Business Component
B/F: Background/Foreground (Software)

B2B: Business to Business BCC: Block Check Character

In longitudinal redundancy checking and cyclic redundancy
B2C: Business To Customer checking, a character transmitted by the sender after each
message block and compared with a block-check character
B2X: Binary To heXadecimal computed by the receiver to determine if the transmission was
successful.
(IBM)
BCC: Blind Carbon Copy
BACP: Bandwidth Allocation Control
Protocol BCD: Binary-Coded Decimal
(Communication) Character encoding scheme
BAD: Broken As Designed BCDBS: Broadband Connectionless Data
Bearer Service
BAK: Binary Adaptation Kit
(Microsoft) BCDIC: Binary Coded Decimal Interchange
Code
BAK: BAcKup
File name extension BCF: Base station Control Function
BAL: Basic Assembly Language BCL: Batch Command Language
BALUN: BALanced UNbalanced BCN: Backbone Concentrator Node
BAM: Bidirectional Associative Memory BCNF: Boyce/Codd Normal Form
BAM: Boyan Action Module BCP: Basic Call Process
BAPI: Business Application Programming BCP: Binary Communications Protocol
Interface
(Software) BCP: Bridging Control Protocol
BARB: Board ARBiter BCP: Byte Control Protocol
Part of the bus arbitration system (Hardware) (Sun) (Communication)
BARRNET: Bay Area Regional Research BCP: Best Current Practice
NETwork
BCP: Bulk Copy Program
BART: Basic Application RunTime
BCPL: Basic Computer Programming
BARTS: Bell Atlantic Regional TimeSharing
Language
BAS: BASic BCR: Best Cost Routing
File name extension (Communication)
BASH: Bourne Again SHell BCR: Byte Count Register
BASIC: Beginners All-purpose Symbolic BCRC: Business Component Request Center
Instruction Code (Software)
Programming language (Software)
BCS: Banking Communication Standard
BASM: Built-in ASseMbler
BCS: Binary Compatibility Standard
BAT: BATch
File name extension BCS: British Computer Society
BAT: Block Address Translation BCS: Bar Code Sorter
BB: BridgeBoard BCSM: Basic Call Sate Model
BBB: Bit By Bit BCU: Bus Controller Unit
BBL: Be Back Later BCU: Bios Configuration Utility
BBLT: Bus BLock Transfer BDA: Bios Data Area

Page 13 of 161
 BDC: Backup Domain Controller BGP: Border Gateway Protocol
(Network) (Microsoft) An Internet routing protocol used to pass routing information
between different administrative routing domains or
BDE: Borland Database Engine Autonomous Systems. BGP does not pass explicit topology
(Databases) (Inprise) information and is often used between Internet service
providers (Network)
BDF: Bitmap Description Format
BGT: Branch if Greater Than
BDK: Bean Development Kit
B (Software) (Sun) BHI: Branch if HIgher
BDLC: Burroughs Data Link Control BHIS: Branch if HIgher or Same
BDLS: BiDirectional Loop Switching BHLI: Broadband High Layer Information
BDOS: Basic Disk Operating System BHO: Browser Helper Object
(Operating systems) (Software) (Microsoft)
BDR: Bus Device Request BI: Business Intelligence
BDSL: Broadband Digital Subscriber Line BI: Binary Input
BE: Below or Equal BIAB: Band-In-A-Box
BECN: Backward Explicit Congestion BIB: BIBliography
Notification File name extension
BEDO: Burst Data Extended Output BICI: Broadband InterCarrier Interface
(Hardware)
BiDi: BIDIrectional
BEL: BELl
Control character BIDS: Borland International Data Structures
BELLCORE: BELL COmmunications REsearch
BIF: Benchmark Interchange Format
BER: Bit Error Rate In computer graphics, a standardized file structure for
(Communication) specifying the geometry of a particular data set from a particular
application as well as the user interactions to be performed.
BER: Basic Encoding Rules
BIFET: BIpolar Field Effect Transistor
Standard rules for encoding data units described in ASN.1.
Sometimes incorrectly lumped under the term ASN.1, which BIFF: Binary Interchange File Format
properly refers only to the abstract syntax description language,
not the encoding technique.
BIM: Broadband Interface Module
BERT: Bit Error Rate Test
(Communication) BIM: Beginning of Information Marker

BEST: Borland Enhanced Support and BIN: BINary

Training File name extension
BET: Bit Enhancement Technology BINAC: BINary Automatic Computer
(Hardware)
BIND: Berkeley Internet Name Daemon
BF: Bad Flag (Network)
BFC: BrieFCase BINHEX: BINary HEXadecimal
Filename extension (Software) (Microsoft)
BIOS: Basic Input/Output System
BFF: Binary File Format
(IBM) BIP: Bit Interleaved Parity
BFS: Business Forecasting Software BIPM: Bureau International des Poids et
des Mesures
BFT: Binary File Transfer
(Organizations)
BFTP: Batch File Transfer Protocol BIPV: Bit Interleaved Parity Violation
BGA: Ball-Grid Array BIS: Business Information System
(Hardware)
BISDN: Broadband Integrated Services
BGE: Branch if Greater or Equal
Digital Network
BGI: Borland Graphics Interface (Communication)
File name extension BISP: Business Information System
Program
BISSI: Broadband Inter-Switching System
Interface
BIST: Built-In Self Test

Page 14 of 161
BISYNC: BInary SYNchronous BMS: Basic Mapping Support
Communications
BMUG: Berkeley Macintosh User Group
BIT: Binary digIT
BNC: Bayonet Neill-Concelman
BitBLT: BIT BLock Transfer Connector (Hardware)
A raster operation that moves a block of bits representing some
portion of an image or scene from one location in the frame BNE: Branch if Not Equal
buffer to another.
BNF: Backus Naur Form B
BITNET: Because It's Time NETwork Syntax description for programming languages
Academic computer network based originally on IBM
mainframe systems interconnected via leased 9600 bps lines. BNP: Broadband Network Premises
BITNIC: BITnet Network Information Center BNS: Backbone Network Service
(Network)
BIU: Bus Interface Unit
(Hardware) BNU: Basic Networking Utilities
BIW: Business Intelligence Warehouse BO: Business Object
(Software)
BIX: Byte Information eXchange
Byte's bulletin board system BO: Binary Output
BJ: Bubble Jet BOA: Basic Object Adapter
(Hardware) (Canon)
BoB: Break-Out Box
BJC: Bubble Jet Color
(Hardware) (Canon) BOC: Bell Operating Company
BKSP: BacKSPace More commonly referred to as RBOC for "regional Bell
operating company." The local telephone company in each of
BL: BackLit the seven U.S. regions.
BOC: Basic Operator Console
BL: Bit Line
BOCA: Borland Object Component
BLAST: BLocked ASynchronous
Architecture
Transmission
Protocol BOCS: Business Object Component Set
(Software)
BLD: Basic Bload Graphics
File name extension BOD: Bandwidth On Demand
(Network)
BLE: Branch if Less or Equal
BOF: Beginning Of File
BLER: BLock ERror
BOF: Bird Of a Feather
BLK: BLocK Small conference

BLL: Business Logic Layer BOI: Business Object Interface

(Software)
BLLI: Broadband Low Layer Information
BOM: Basic Online Memory
BLMC: Buried Logic MacroCell (IBM)
BOM: Beginning Of Message
BLOB: Binary Large OBject

BLOS: Branch if LOwer Or Same BOND: Bandwidth ON Demand

BLT: Baghdad Local Time BOOTP: BOOTstrap Protocol

(Network)
Timezone: GMT +3:00
BLT: BLock Transfer BOP: Bit-Oriented Protocol
(Communication)
BMI: Branch if MInus BOPS: Billions of Processes Per Second
BMIC: BusMaster Interface Controller Processing speed (Hardware)
(Intel) BOPS: Billion Operations Per Second
BML: Business Management Layer BOS: Basic Operating System
BMOS: Bipolar Metal Oxyde Semiconductor BOT: Build, Operate and Transfer
BMP: BitMaP BOT: roBOT
File Format for bitmapped images
BMP: Batch Message Processing BOT: Beginning Of Table

BMS: Broadcast Message Server BOT: Beginning Of Tape

(Hardware)

Page 15 of 161
 BP: Base Pointer BSD: Berkeley Software Distribution
Processor register (Hardware) (Intel) UNIX versions developed at the University of California at
Berkeley.
BPB: Bios Parameter Block
BSF: Bit Scan Forward
BPDU: Bridge Protocol Data Unit
BSI: Bentley Systems, Incorporated
bpi: Bits Per Inch
Recording Density BSI: BiSynchronous Interface
B (Network)
Bpl: Bytes Per Line
BSI: British Standards Institute
BPL: Branch if Plus
BSM: Basic Storage Module
bpp: Bits Per Pixel (IBM)

BPR: Business-Process Reengineering BSOD: Blue Screen Of Death

(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
Bps: Bytes Per Second
BSP: Binary Space Partitioning
Transfer speed (Communication)
bps: Bits Per Second BSP: Bulk Synchronous Parallelism
Transfer speed (Communication)
BSR: Bit Scan Reverse
BPSK: Binary Phase-Shift Keying
BSRAM: Burst Static Random Access
BPU: Branch Processing Unit Memory
(Hardware)
BR: Bad Register
BSS: Broadband Switching System
BRB: Be Right Back
(Messages) BSS: Block Started by Symbol
BRF: Benchmark Report Format BSSMAP: Base Station System Management
In computer graphics, a standard format for reporting Application Part
benchmark results. This format provides the purchaser with a
consistent data-tracking system for comparing hardware BST: British Summer Time
platforms. Timezone: GMT +0:00
BRGC: Binary Reflected Gray Code BSV: Boot Sector Virus

BRI: Basic Rate Interface BSY: BuSY

One of the standard ISDN interfaces defined by the CCITT
protocols. BRI consists of two B channels (64 kbps) and one D BSYNC: Binary SYNchronous
channel (16 kbps). (Communication) Communications
BRI: Brain Response Interface BT: Bus Terminator

BRIEF: Basic Reconfigurable Interactive BT: Bit Test

Editing Facility
BTA: But Then Again
BRS: Big Red Switch (Messages)
BS: Banded Signaling BTAM: Basic Tape Access Method

BS: Base Station BTAM: Basic Telecommunication Access

Method
BS: BackSpace (IBM)
BSA: Business Software Alliance BTB: Branch Target Buffer
(Hardware)
BSAM: Basic Sequential Access Method
BTC: Bit Test and Complement
BSC: Base Station Controller
BTL: Bell Telephone Laboratories
BSC: Bus State Controller
(Hardware) BTLB: Block Translation Look-aside Buffer

BSC: Binary Synchronous Communication BTM: Benchmark Timing Methodology

Communication protocol (Communication) In computer graphics, a method of measuring how long it takes
to run the purchaser's benchmark interchange format program.
BSC: Boyan SCript
File name extension BTO: Built To Order
BSCM: Binary Synchronous BTOA: Binary TO Ascii
Communications Module
BTP: Batch Transfer Program
BSCS: Bachelor of Science in Computer
Science BTR: "Bet The Ranch"

Page 16 of 161
BTR: Bit Test and Reset

BTS: Base Tranceiver Station

BTS: Bit Test and Set

BTU: Basic Transmission Unit

BTU: British Thermal Unit

A unit of thermal energy B
BTW: By The Way
(Messages)
BTX: BildschirmTeXt

BU: Branch Unit

BUBL: BUlletin Board for Libraries

BUF: BUFfer

BUI: BUs Interface

BUS: Broadcast and Unknown Server

(Network)
BVCP: Banyan Vines Control Protocol

BVH: Base Video Handler

BVT: Build Verification Test

BVT: Behavioral Verification Technology

(IBM)
BW: Bus Watcher
Mechanism that converts XDBus signals to XBus signals and
passes them to the Module XBus Cache Controller (Sun)
BWBM: BandWidth Balancing Mechanism

BWM: Block-Write Mode

BWoD: BandWidth On Demand

(Network)
BZR: Bit Zone Recording

Page 17 of 161
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Page 18 of 161
 C
C: C CAIRN: Collaborative Advanced
Programming language Interagency Research Network
C&T: Chips And Technologies CAIS: Common Apse Interface Specification

C-LCD: Cholesteric Liquid Cristal Display CAL: Computer Aided Logistics

(Hardware)
C
CAL: CALendar
C-SET: Chip-secured Secure Electronic
Transaction CAL: Client Access License
C/D: Control Data CAL: Computer-Assisted Learning
C/S: Client/Server CALL: Computer-Aided Language Learning
C2D: Character To Decimal CALS: Computer-aided Acquisition in
(IBM) Logistic Support
C2X: Character To heXadecimal CAM: Computer-Aided Manufacturing
(IBM)
CAM: Common Access Method
CA: Certification Authority (Communication)
CA: Collision Avoidance CAM: Contents Addressable Memory
CAAD: Computer Aided Architectural Design CAMAC: Computer Automated
Measurement And Control
CAB: CABinet
File name extension (Microsoft) CAMM: Computer Assisted Material
Management
CABS: Carrier Access Billing System
CAMMU: CAche/Memory Management Unit
CAC: Connection Admission Control (Hardware)

CACP: Central Arbitration Control Point CAN: Controller Area Network

CAD: Custom Application Developer CAN: CANcel

CAD: Computer-Aided Design CANBUS: Conroller Area Network BUS

Use of computer graphics technology to design electronic and (Network)
mechanical parts and machinery. CAO: Computer Aided Office
CADD: Computer-Aided Design and Drafting
CAP: Computer-Aided Planning
CADE: Computer-Aided Document
Engineering CAP: Carrierless Amplitude and Phase
modulation
CADE: Client/server Application (Communication)
Development Environment
CAP: Computer-Aided Publishing
CAE: Computer Aided Education
CAP: Competitive Access Provider
CAE: Computer-Aided Engineering
CAP: Communication Application Platform
CAE: Common Application Environment
CAP: Central Arbitration Point
CAE: Client Application Enabler
CAP: CAPture
CAEN: Chemically-Assembled Electronic File name extension
Nanocomputer
(Hardware) CAPD: Computing to Assist Persons with
Disabilities
CAEX: Computer Aided EXploration
CAPE: Concurrent Art-to-Product
CAG: Column Address Generator Environment

CAGR: Compound Annual Growth Rate CAPI: Common Application Programming

Interface
CAI: Computer Associates International (Communication)
(CAI) CAPP: Computer Aided Process Planning
CAI: Computer-Aided Instruction

Page 19 of 161
 CAPS: CAPitalS CAU: Cable Access Unit
Uppercase letters (Hardware)
CAPS: CAssette Programming System CAU: Controlled Access Unit

CAQ: Computer Aided Quality CAV: Constant Angular Velocity

(Hardware)
CAR: Courtesy Amount Recognition
CAVE: Computer-Assisted Virtual
CARB: Central ARBiter Environment
On Sun servers, a system of central arbiters (one CARB on the
CAVERN: Computer-Assisted Virtual
control board) and a board arbiter (BARB) (one on every
C system board) determine which processor on which system Environment Research Network
board controls the system bus at any given time. (Hardware) CAWE: Computer-Aided Web Engineering
(Sun)
CARCAS: Computer Aided aRchiving and CBC: Cipher Block Chaining
Change Accounting System
CBCR: Channel Byte Count Register
CARL: Colorado Alliance of Research
Libraries CBCS: Computer Based Conversation
System
CARP: Cache Array Routing Protocol
(Microsoft) CBDO: Chief Business Development Officer

CAS: Column Address Select CBDS: Connectionless Broadband Data

Service
CAS: Computerized Autodial System
CBEMA: Computer and Business Equipment
CAS: Computer Algebra System Manufacturers Association

CAS: Communication Applications CBGA: Ceramic Ball Grid Array

Specification CBI: Computer Based Instruction
CAS: Column-Address Strobe
CBIOS: Compatibility Basic Input Output
CAS: Computer-Aided Styling System

CASE: Computer-Aided Software CBL: Computer Based Learning

Engineering CBL: CoBoL
CASL: Crosstalk Application Scripting File name extension
Language
CBLT: Character BLock Transfer
CASS: Computer Assisted Search Service
CBM: Commodore Business Machines
CASSIS: Classified and Search Support Company; among the first home computer manufacturers (PET,
Information System VIC20, C64, C128, Amiga)

CAT: Computer-Aided Telephony CBMS: Computer-Based Mail System

CAT: Common Authentication Technology CBQ: Class-Based Queuing

A public domain QoS methodology for classifying packets and
CAT: Computer Aided Tomography queuing them according to criteria defined by an administrator
to provide differential forwarding behavior for each traffic class
CAT: Computer-Aided Testing (Network)

CAT: Computer Aided Transcription CBR: Constant Bit Rate

A class of service defined by ATM. Multimedia streams—audio
CAT: Computer-Assisted Training and video—are examples of CBR applications, since they send
at a relatively steady data rate with constant bandwidth
CAT: Computer Adaptive Test allocations (Network)

CAT: CATalog CBR: Case Based Reasoning

File name extension CBT: Canon Buffer Transmission
CAT: Central Alaska Time
CBT: Computer Based Training
Timezone: GMT -10:00
CAT: Central Alaska Time CBW: Convert Byte to Word
Timezone: GMT -10:00
CBX: Computer-controlled Branch Exchange
CATS: Computer Assisted Training System
CC: Credit Card
CATV: Community Antenna TeleVision
(Hardware) CC: Cross Connector
CATV: CAble TeleVision CC: Cluster Controller
(Hardware)
CC:: Carbon Copy

Page 20 of 161
CCA: Cardholder Certification Authority CCS: Common Command Set
SCSI command set
CCAF: Call Control Agent Function
CCS: Common Communications Support
CCC: Computer Control Center (IBM)

CCC: Chaos Computer Club CCS: Continuous Composite Servo

CCC: Cordless Computer Connection CCS: Color Calibration System

(Hardware) (IBM)
CCS7: Common Channel signaling System 7
CCD: Charge Coupled Device
(Hardware) CCSD: Cellular Circuit-Switched Data C
CCF: Connection Control Function CCSID: Coded Character Set IDentification

CCF: Cold-Cathode Fluorescent CCT: Compuserve Communication Toolbox

(Hardware) (CompuServe)
CCFT: Cold Cathode Fluorescent Tube CCT: China Coast Time
Timezone: GMT +8:00
CCI: Common Client Interface
ccTLD: Country Code Top Level Domain
CCIC: Committee on Computing, (Network)
Information and Communications
CCU: Cache Control Unit
(Organizations)
CCIE: Cisco Certified Internet Expert CD: Carrier Detect
(Cisco) Serial port signal (Communication)

CCIN: Coordinating Committee of CD: Collision Detect

International Networks (Communication)

CCIR: Comité Consultatif International de CD: Compact Disk

la Radio (Hardware)
A treaty organization, part of the International CD: Change Directory
Telecommunications Union (ITU), responsible for obtaining
international agreement on standards for radio and television CD: Color Display
transmission and the international exchange of programs.
CCIS: Common Channel Interoffice CD+G: Compact Disk Plus Graphics
Signaling CD+MIDI: Compact Disk Plus Musical
CCITT: Comité Consultatif International de Instruments Digital Interface
Télégraphique et Téléphonique CD-DA: Compact Disk Digital Audio
Now it's called ITU (Organizations)
CCL: Console Command Language CD-E: Compact Disc Erasable
(Hardware)
CCL: Common Command Language CD-I: Compact Disk Interactive
CCL: Connection Control Language (Hardware)
CD-MO: Compact Disk Magneto Optical
CCM: Change Configuration Management
CD-PROM: Compact Disk Programmable
CCM: Comprehensive Client Manager Read Only Memory
CCNC: Common Channel Network Controller (Hardware) (Kodak)
CD-R: Compact Disk Recordable
CCNC: Computer/Communications Network (Hardware)
Center
CD-RDx: Compact Disk - Rom Data
CCP: Command Console Processor eXchange
CCP: Console Command Processor CD-ROM: Compact Disk Read Only Memory
A form of storage characterized by high capacity (roughly 600
CCP: Certified Computing Professional megabytes) and the use of laser optics rather than magnetic
means for reading data. (Hardware)
CCR: Commitment, Concurrency and
Recovery CD-RTOS: Compact Disk - Real Time
An International Organization for Standardization's open Operating System
systems interconnection (OSI) application service element used CD-RW: Compact Disk ReWriteable
to create atomic operations across distributed systems.
(Software) (Hardware)

CCRMA: Center for Computer Research in CD-V: Compact Disk - Video

Music and Acoustics CD-WO: Compact Disk - Write Once

Page 21 of 161
 CD-XA: Compact Disk - eXtended CDS: Correlated Double Sampling
Architecture Technology to clean the image signal during scanning
(Hardware)
CDA: Communications Decency Act
CDS: Cell Directory Service
CDA: Compound Document Architecture
(DEC) CDS: Current Directory Structure
CDA: Compact Disk Audio CDSA: Common Data Security Architecture
Filename extension for CD audio tracks
CDSL: Consumer Digital Subscriber Line
CDBS: Connectionless Data Bearer Service
(Communication)
C
CDBT: Compact Disk-Based Training CDT: Cambridge Display Technology
CDC: Control Data Corporation CDT: Center for Democracy and Technology
(Organizations)
CDDI: Copper Distributed Data Interface
CDT: Corel Draw Template
CDE: Cooperative Development File name extension
Environment
CDT: Central Daylight Time
CDE: Common Desktop Environment Timezone: GMT -6:00
A graphical user interface running on UNIX. (Operating
systems) CDV: Cell Delay Variation
In an ATM network, the variation in cell delay through the
CDE: Complex Data Entry network (Network)

CDF: Channel Definition Format CDW: Computer Discount Warehouse

Computer store
CDF: Comma Delimited Format
File name extension
CDX: CompounD indeX
File name extension (Microsoft)
CDFS: Compact Disk File System
(Operating systems)
CE: Compact Edition

CDIA: Certified Document Imaging Architect CE: Collision Elimination

CDID: Compact Disk Image Designer CE: Chip Enable

CDIF: Case Data Interchange Format CE: Cache Enable

CDK: Control Development Kit CE: Convert Enable

(Software) (Microsoft)
CEA: Cisco Enterprise Accounting
CDL: Computer Design Language (Cisco)

CDMA: Code Division Multiple Access CEBIT: CEntrum Büro Information

Telekommunikation
CDMF: Commercial Data Masking Facility
(IBM)
CEBUS: Consumer Electronics BUS
(Hardware)
CDML: Claris Dynamic Markup Language
(Claris)
CEG: Continuous Edge Graphics

CDO: Collaboration Data Objects CEI: Connection Endpoint Identifier

CDOS: Concurrent Disk Operating System CEI: Conducted Electromagnetic

Interference
CDP: Certificate in Data Processing
CELP: Code Excited Linear Prediction
One of the first certifications for computer professionals
CDPD: Cellular Digital Packed Data CELP: Card Edge Low Profile
(Communication) (Intel)

CDR: Common Data Representation CEMA: Consumer Electroinics

Manufacturers Association
CDR: Call Detail Record (Organizations)

CDRA: Character Data Representation CEMM: Compaq Expanded Memory Manager

Architecture (Operating systems) (Compaq)
(IBM) CEMS: Constituent Electronic Mail System
CDRAM: Cache Dynamic Random Access
Memory CENELEC: Comité Européen de
Normalisation ELECtrotechnique
(Hardware)
CENTR: Council of European National Top
CDRL: Contract Data Requirements List
level domain Registries
(Organizations)

Page 22 of 161
CEO: Chief Executive Officer CGE: Common Graphics Environment

CEOP: Conditional End Of Page CGI: Common Gateway Interface

A common method for transferring information between a web
CEPT: Conference of European Postal and server and a back-end application (Network)
Telecommunications
CGI: Computer Generated Images
(Organizations)
CER: Canonical Encoding Rules CGI: Computer Graphics Interface

CER: Cell Error Ratio CGM: Computer Graphics Metafile

File name extension
In an ATM network, ratio of errored cells to transmitted cells.
Measures the accuracy of cell transmission (Network)
C
CGMS: Copy Generation Management
CERFNET: California Educational and System
Research Federation NETwork
CGS: Continuous-Grain Silicon
CERN: Centre Européen pour la Recherche (Hardware)
Nucleaire
CHAP: Challenge Handshake Authentication
CERT: Computer Emergency Response Team Protocol
(Organizations) A security tool offered in point-to-point protocol (PPP) based on
encrypted password exchange. (Network)
CES: Circuit Emulation Service
CHAR: Character
CES: Consumer Electronic Show
CHAT: Conversational Hypertext Access
CET: Central European Time Technology
Timezone: GMT +1:00
CHCK: CHannel ChecK
CF: Compact Flash
Add-in expansion cards (Hardware) CHCP: CHange Code Page
CFB: Cipher FeedBack CHDIR: CHange DIRectory
CFB: Configurable Function Block CHFN: CHange FiNger
CFB: Call Forward Busy CHGRP: CHange GRouP
CFD: Computational Fluid Dynamics CHILL: Ccitt HIgh Level Language
CFD: Call For Discussion CHIPS: Clearinghouse Interbank Payments
System
CFG: ConFiGuration
File name extension CHKDSK: CHecK DiSK
CFM: ConFiguration Management CHMOD: CHange MODe
CFM: Code Fragment Manager CHOWN: CHange OWNer
(Apple)
CHP: CHaPter
CFM: Cubic Feet Per Minute
CHR: CHaRacter
CFML: ColdFusion Markup Language
(Allaire) CHRP: Common Hardware Reference
CFO: Chief Financial Officer Platform
CHS: Cylinder, Head, Sector
CFQ: Class-based Fair Queuing
(Network) CHTML: Compressed HyperText Markup
CFR: Computerized Facial Recognition Language
CI: Coded Information
CFS: Common File System
CI: Congestion Indication
CFS: Caching File System
CI: Component Interface
CFV: Call For Votes
CI/O: Comprehensive Input/ Output
CG: Computer Generated Refers to Adaptec's RAID management software. (Hardware)
(Adaptec)
CG: Control Gate
CIA: Current Instruction Address
CG: Computer Graphics
CIAC: Computer Incident Advisory
CGA: Color Graphics Adapter Capability
Video specification for a resolution of 320x200 pixels in 16
colors (Hardware) CIB: Computer Integrated Business

Page 23 of 161
 CIC: Carrier Identification Code CIS: Card Information Structure

CIC: Coordination and Information Center CIS: Compressed Image Sequence

The XIL library's compressors store (generally related)
CICA: Center of Innovative Computer compressed video frames in structures called CIS buffers. The
Applications images may represent frames in a movie, pages in a
document, and so on.
CICS: Customer Information Control System
(IBM) CIS: Customer Information System
CICS/VS: Customer Information Control CIS: Client Information System
System / Virtual Storage
C CIS: Computer Information Systems
CID: Charge-Injection Device
CISC: Complex Instruction Set Computer
CID: Configuration, Installation,
CPU architecture (Hardware)
Distribution
CIT: Court of International Trade
CIDR: Classless Inter-Domain Routing
(Organizations)
(Network)
CIT: Computer-Integrated Telephony
CIE: Commission Internationale de
l'Eclairage CIVIC: Cyclone Integrated Video Interfaces
A standard means for specifying the color of an object or light Controller
source in terms of (x,y) coordinates.
CIVR: Computer and Interactive Voice
CIF: Common Interchange Format Response
CIF: Crystallographic Information File CIX: Commercial Internet eXchange
File name extension
CIX: Compulink Information eXchange
CIF: Customer Information Feed
CJK: Chinese, Japanese and Korean
CIF: Common source Intermediate Format (Software)
A video format in which frames are 360 pixels wide and 288
pixels high (one half of the CCIR 601 frame size). Each pixel CJLI: Command Job Language Interpreter
has its own luminance value.
CKD: Count Key Data
CIFF: Camera Image FIle Format
CKE: Commercial Key Escrow
CIFS: Common Internet File System (Software)
(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
CKO: Chief Knowledge Officer
CIL: Computer Integration Laboratories
CL: ConnectionLess
CIM: Cox Interactive Media (Communication)
CIM: Common Information Model CLAR: Channel Local Address Register

CIM: Computer Integrated Manufacturing CLASS: Centralized Local Area Selective

Signaling
CIM: Compuserve Information Manager
CLASS: CLient Access to Systems and
CIO: Chief Information Officer Services

CIOCS: Communication Input/Output CLASS: Cooperative Library Agency for

Control System Systems and Services

CIP: Computer Integrated Processing CLASS: Custom Local Area Signaling

Services
CIP: Commerce Interchange Pipeline CLC: CLear Carry flag
(Microsoft)
CIP: Common Indexing Protocol CLC: Color Laser Copier
(Hardware) (Canon)
CIP: Command Interface Port CLD: Clear Direction Flag
CIR: Committed Information Rate CLEC: Competitive Long Exchange Carrier
A minimum access rate the service provider commits to
A telephone company that competes with other local phone
providing the customer (Network)
companies within an exchange, or calling area, to provide local
CIRC: Cross-Interleaved Reed-solomon telephone service (Communication)
Code CLEI: Common Language Equipment
CIS: Contact Image Sensor Identification
Scanner device (Hardware) CLF: Common Log File
CIS: Compuserve Information Service (Network)
(CompuServe)

Page 24 of 161
CLGA: Ceramic Land Grid Array CLTP: ConnectionLess Transport Protocol
(Hardware) Provides for end-to-end Transport data addressing (via
Transport selector) and error control (via checksum), but cannot
CLI: Command Line Interface guarantee delivery or provide flow control.
CLI: Call Level Interface CLTS: Clear Task Switch Flag

CLI: Command Line Interpreter CLTV: Constant Linear Time Velocity

CLI: Clear Interrupt Flag CLUI: Command Line User Interface

CLI: Client Library Interface CLUT: Color LookUp Table

The color options in a graphics system, arranged by index C
CLIB: C LIBrary number. Typically, the system has a default color map. The
index of colors in the color map can be reallocated, however,
CLID: Calling Line IDentification depending on the application.

CLIM: Common Lisp Interface Manager CLV: Constant Linear Velocity

(Hardware)
CLIPS: C Language Integrated Production
CM: Communication Manager
System
(Communication)
CLIST: Command LIST
CM: Control Mark
CLK: CLocK
CM: Corrective Maintenance
(Hardware)
CLL: ConnectionLess Layer CM2: Communication Manager/2

CLLI: Common Language Location CMA: Concert Multi-thread Architecture

Identification
CMAK: Connection Manager Administration
(Communication)
Kit
CLNAP: ConnectionLess Network Access (Microsoft)
Protocol
CMC: Common Messaging Call
CLNP: ConnectionLess Network Protocol
The International Organization for Standardization's open CMC: Common Mail Calls
systems interconnection (OSI) protocol for providing the OSI
Connectionless Network Service (datagram service). CLNP is CMC: Calypso Message Center
the OSI equivalent to Internet IP, and is sometimes called ISO
IP. CMC: Complement Carry Flag
CLNS: ConnectionLess Network Service CMC: Communication Management
Configuration
CLO: Chief Learning Officer
CMC: Computer-Mediated Communication
CLOB: Character Large OBject
(Databases) CMD: CoMmanD
File name extension
CLOS: Common Lisp Object System
CMD: Circuit Mode Data
CLP: Constraint Logic Programming
CMF: Creative Music Format
CLP: Cell Loss Priority
In ATM cells, a bit that specifies whether a cell can be CMI: Connection Manager Interface
discarded, if necessary; for example, if network congestion or
policing occurs (Network) CMIP: Common Management Information
Protocol
CLP: CLiPboard
The International Organization for Standardization's open
File name extension systems interconnection (OSI) network management protocol.
CLR: Cell Loss Ratio (Communication)
In an ATM network, the ratio of lost ATM Cells to transmitted CMIS: Common Management Information
cells; measures the percentage of cells lost between two points System
in the network. Cell loss is typically caused by severe network
congestion; it can also result from bit errors in the cell header CMISE: Common Management Information
(Network) Service Element
CLS: CLear Screen CML: Current Mode Logic
CLSID: CLaSs IDentifier CML: Chemical Markup Language
CLT: Cairo Local Time CML: Computer Managed Learning
Timezone: GMT +2:00
CML: Conceptual Modelling Language

CMM: Capability Maturity Model

Page 25 of 161
 CMMS: Computerized Maintenance CNE: Certified Netware Engineer
Management Software
CNF: CoNFiguration
CMMU: Cache/Memory Management Unit File name extension
CMOL: CMip Over Llc CNG: CalliNG

CMOS: Complementary Metal Oxide CNI: Common Network Interface

Semiconductor
Semiconductor manufacturing technology (Hardware) CNI: Certified Novell Instructor
(Novell)
CMOT: CMip Over Tcp
C An effort to use the International Organization for CNIDIR: Coalition for Networked
Standardization's open systems interconnection (OSI) network Information DIRectories
management protocol to manage TCP/IP networks. (Network)
CNIDR: Clearinghouse for Network
CMOV: Conditional MOVe Information and Discovery and Retrieval

CMP: Cooperative Marketing Partner CNM: Customer Network Management

CMP: Chip MultiProcessor CNM: Communications Network

(Hardware) Management

CMP: CoMPare CNMA: Communications Network for

Manufacturing Applications
CMPS: CoMPare word String CNMS: Cylink Network Management System
CMR: Common Mode Rejection CNMS: Compaq Netelligent Management
CMR: Cell Mis-insertion Rate Software
In an ATM network, the total number of misinserted cells (Compaq)
observed during a specified time interval divided by the time CNN: Composite Network Node
interval duration (Network)
CMRR: Common Mode Rejection Ratio CNR: Carrier to Noise Ratio

CMS: Color Matching System CNS: Complimentary Network Service

CMS: Code Management System CNSS: Core Nodal Switching Subsystem

CMS: Compiler Monitor System CNT: CoNTents

File name extension
CMS: Conversational Monitor System CNV: CoNVentional
CMT: Connection ManagemenT CNVT: CoNVerT
CMU: Carnegie Mellon University CNX: Certified Network eXpert
(Organizations)
CMVC: Configuration Management Version CO: Connection Oriented
Control (Communication)
(IBM) CO: Central Office
CMW: Compartmented Mode Workstation CO: Command Output
CMY: Cyan, Magenta, Yellow CO: Convert Out
The CMY color model subtracts percentages of cyan, magenta,
and yellow to yield the desired colors. Subtracting 0 percent of COAST: Card On A STick
all three colors results in white; subtracting 100 percent of all
three colors results in black. (Hardware) COB: Connected Online Backup
CMYK: Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, blacK (Software)
Color encoding scheme. The black provides deeper colors, COB: Chip-On-Board
expecially full black, compared with the CMY color model.
CNA: Communications Network Application COBOL: COmmon Business-Oriented
Language
CNA: Certified Netware Administrator Programming language (Software)
(Novell)
COCOT: Customer Owned Coin Operated
CNAPS: Co-processing Node Architecture Telephone
for Parallel Systems COD: Cash On Delivery
CNB: Connected Network Backup
On-line storage service CODASYL: Conference On DAta SYstem
Languages
CNC: Computerized Numerical Control (Organizations)
CND: Caller Number Delivery

Page 26 of 161
CODCF: Central Office Data Connecting
Facility
CODE: Client/server Open Development
Environment
CODEC: COder/DECoder
COE: Central Office Equipment
COE: Common Operating Environment
COEES: Central Office Equipment
Engineering System
COEM: Commercial Original Equipment
Manufacturer
COFDM: Coded Orthogonal Frequency
Division Multiplexing
(Communication)
COFF: Common Object File Format
COG: Chip On Glass
(Hardware)
COGO: COordinate GeOmetry
Programming Language
COL: Computer Oriented Language
COL: COLlision
COLD: Computer Output to Laser Disk
COLT: Connection Optimized Link
Technology
(Communication)
COM: COMmunication port
Serial port (Communication)
COM: Component Object Model
COM: Computer Output Microfilm
COM: COMmand
File name extension
COMDEX: COMputer Dealers EXposition
COMP: Compare
COMSAT: COMmunications SATellite
corporation
COMTI: Component Object Model
Transaction Integrator
(Microsoft)
CON: Console
Usually include keyboard and screen
CONCERT: COmmunications for North
Carolina Education, Research and
Technology
CONS: Connection-Oriented Network
Service
CONTAC: Central Office NeTwork ACcess
COO: Chief Operating Officer
COO: Cost Of Ownership
COOL: Cobol Object Orientated Language
COP: Character-Oriented Protocol
COPA: Children Online Protection Act
COPICS: Communications Oriented
Production Information and Control System
(IBM)
COPS: Common Open Policy Service
An IETF proposed standard defining a simple protocol for
provisioning QoS by outsourcing policy-based admission
control over requests for network resources (Network) C
COR: Common Object Runtime
(Operating systems)
CORBA: Common Object Request Broker
Architecture
CoREN: COrporation for Research and
Enterprise Network
COS: Card Operating System
(Operating systems)
CoS: Class Of Service
A category based on type of user, type of application, or some
other criteria that QoS systems can use to provide differentiated
classes of service (Network)
COS: Camera Operating System
(Operating systems)
COS: Compatible Operating System
COS: Corporation for Open Systems
A vendor and user group for conformance testing, certification,
and promotion of International Organization for
Standardization's open systems interconnection (OSI) products.
COSE: Common Open Software Environment
COSE: Combined Office Standard
Environment
COSINE: Cooperation for Open Systems
Interconnection Networking in Europe
A program sponsored by the European Commission, aimed at
using open systems interconnection (OSI) to tie together
European research networks.
COSMIC: COmputer Software Management
and Information Center
(NASA)
COSMOS: COmputer System for Mainframe
OperationS
COSS: Common Object Services
Specification
COT: Central Office Terminal
COTS: Connection-Oriented Transport
Service
COTS: Commercial Off-The-Shelf
COW: Computer On Wheels
CP: Control Point
CP: Connection Processor
(Hardware)
CP: Copy Protected
CP/M: Control Program for Microprocessors
(Operating systems)
Page 27 of 161
 CPA: Crown Print Auditor
(Hardware) (QMS)
CPA: Certified Public Accountant
CPAN: Comprehensive Perl Archive Network
CPC: Constant Point Calculation
CPCS: Common Part Convergence Sublayer
CPCS: Check Processing Control System
C (IBM)
CPD: Conseal Provate Desktop
Personal firewall (Network)
CPE: Customer Premises Equipment
(Hardware)
CPE: Customer Provided Equipment
CPE: Cover Page Editor
File name extension
CPE: Central Processing Element
CPEX: Customer Profile EXchange
CPG: Clock Pulse Generator
CPH: Cost Per Hour
CPI: Computer Private branch exchange
Interface
CPI: Common Part Indicator
CPI: Code Page Information
File name extension (Microsoft)
cpi: Characters Per Inch
CPI: Common Programming Interface
(IBM)
CPI: Clock Per Instruction
CPI-C: Common Programming Interface for
Communications
(IBM)
CPIC: Common Programming Interface for
Communications
(IBM)
CPIO: CoPy In/Out
CPL: Conversational Programming
Language
CPL: Combined Programming Language
CPL: Control PaneL
Control panel extension (Microsoft)
CPL: Current Privilege Level
CPLD: Complex Programmable Logic Device
CPM: Cost Per Minute
CPM: Critical Path Method
CPML: Call Policy Markup Language
(Network)
CPN: Compuserve Packet Network
Page 28 of 161
CPP: C Plus Plus (C++)
Object-oriented programming language based on C. Also,
filename extension. (Software)
CPP: Corporate Preview Program
(Microsoft)
cps: Characters Per Second
Printing engine speed
CPS: Cycles Per Second
CPS: Certification Practice Statement
(Verisign)
CPSI: Configurable PostScript Interpreter
CPSR: Computer Professionals for Social
Responsibility
CPT: Command Pass Through
CPTWG: Copyright Protection Technical
Working Group
(Organizations)
CPU: Central Processing Unit
The part of the computer in which calculations and
manipulations take place. (Hardware)
CPW: Commercial Processing Workload
(IBM)
CR: Carriage Return
Usually used as a control code or a terminator
CR: Card Reader
(Hardware)
CR: Command Register
(Hardware)
CR/LF: Carriage Return/Line Feed
CRAM: Computerized Reliability Analysis
Method
(Software)
CRAM: Challenge-Response Authentication
Mechanism
(Operating systems)
CRAM: Card Random Access Memory
(Hardware)
CRAM: Cyberspatial Reality Advancement
Movement
CRAS: Cable Repair Administrative System
CRAYON: CReAte Your Own Newspaper
CRC: Cyclic Redundancy Check
An error check in which the check key is generated by a cyclic
algorithm. (Communication)
CRCG: Center for Research in Computer
Graphics
CRD: CaRDfile
File name extension
CREN: Computer Research Education
Network
CREN: Corporation for Research and
Education Networking
CRF: Cross Reference File
CRF: Cable Retransmission Facility CSDC: Circuit Switched Digital Capability

CRFVC: Connection Related Function Virtual CSDL: Consumer Digital Subscriber Line
Channel (Communication)
CRFVP: Connection Related Function Virtual CSDS: Circuit Switched Data Service
Path
CSE: Certified System Engineer
CRI: Cray Research, Inc.
CSFI: Communication Subsystem For
CRI: Color Reproduction Indices Interconnection
CRIN: Centre de Recherche en CSG: Consulting Services Group C
Informatique de Nancy (Lotus)
CRISC: Complex-Reduced Instruction Set CSG: Constructive Solid Geometry
Computer
CSH: Complementary Software House
CRISP: Complex-Reduced Instruction Set
Processor CSH: C SHell
CRL: Certificate Revocation List Unix shell
CSI: Command Sequence Introducer
CRM: Customer Relationship Management
CSI: CompuServe Incorporated
CROM: Control Read-Only Memory
(Hardware) CSID: Calling Subscriber IDentification
CRP: Common Reference Platform CSIRO: Commonwealth Scientific and
CRS: Cell Relay Service Industrial Research Organization
CSL: Computer Sensitive Language
CRS: Content Replication Service
(Microsoft) CSLIP: Compressed Serial Line Interface
CRT: Cathode Ray Tube Protocol
The CRT operates by firing an electron beam that strikes the CSM: Communications Services Manager
inside of the monitor's display surface, which is coated with
phosphor. The phosphor glows briefly when excited by the CSM: Code Set Map
beam. (Hardware)
CSMA: Carrier Sense Multiple Access
CRTC: Cathode Ray Tube Controller
(Communication)
(Hardware)
CSMA/CA: Carrier Sense Multiple
CRUD: Create, Retrieve, Update, Delete
Access/Collision Avoidance
CS: Chip Select (Communication)
(Hardware) CSMA/CD: Carrier Sense Multiple
CS: Code Segment Access/Collision Detect
CPU register (Hardware) (Intel) The access method used by local area networking technologies
such as Ethernet. (Network)
CS/SS: Card Service/Socket Service
CSMS: Customer Support Management
CS1: Capability Set 1 System
CSN: Card-Select Number
CSA: Calendaring and Scheduling Api
(IBM) CSNET: Computer Science NETwork
CSAPI: Common Speller Application Computer+Science Network. A large computer network, mostly
Program Interface in the U.S. but with international connections. CSNET sites
include universities, research labs, and some commercial
CSAR: Channel System Address Register companies. Now merged with BITNET to form CREN.

CSC: Computer Sciences Corporation CSNW: Client Services for NetWare

Company Name (Operating systems) (Microsoft)

CSCC: Concurrent SuperComputing CSO: Central Services Organization

Consortium
CSP: Cross System Product
CSCW: Computer Supported Cooperative (IBM)
Work
CSP: Chip-Scale Packaging
CSD: Corrective Service Diskette
(IBM) CSP: Cryptographic Service Provider

CSD: Circuit-Switched Data CSP: Commercial Service Provider

CSD: Computer Services Department CSP: Certified Systems Professional

Page 29 of 161
 CSP: Compucom Speed Protocol CTBS: Computer Telephony Business
Solution
CSP: Communicating Sequential Processes (Hardware) (IBM)
CSP: Commercial Subroutine Package CTC: Channel To Channel

CSPDK: Cryptographic Service Provider CTC: Certified Testing Center

Developer's Kit
(Software) (Microsoft) CTCA: Channel To Channel Adapter

CSPDN: Circuit Switched Public Data CTCP: Client-To-Client Protocol

C Network
CTD: Cell Transfer Delay
CSPDU: Convergence Sublayer Protocol In an ATM network, measures the peak and mean delay that
Data Unit cells experience while traveling from one point in the network to
another (Network)
CSR: Certificate Signing Request
CTERM: Command TERMinal
CSRAM: Custom Static Random Access
Memory CTFT: Color Thin Film Transistor
(Hardware) LCD manufacturing technology (Hardware)
CSS: Continuous System Simulator CTI: Computer Telephony Integration
(Microsoft)
CSS: Computer Sub System
CTL: Certificate Trust List
CSS: Customizable Starter Site
(Microsoft) CTO: Chief Technical Officer

CSS: Cybermedia Support Server CTOS: Computerized Tomography

Operating System
CSS: Content Scrambling System
Copy protection scheme used for example with DVDs (Digital CTOS: Convergent Technologies Operating
Video Discs) System
CSS: Cascading Style Sheet CTPA: Coax-to-Twisted-Pair Adapter

CSS: Contact Start-Stop CTR: Common Technical Regulations

CSS: Central Structure Store CTRCO: Calculating, Tabulating, Recording

The CSS is an editable hierarchy of structures composed of COmpany
elements, attributes, and transformations. CSS elements are The name of this company was changed to "International
drawing primitives such as lines and polygons and CSS Business Machines" by Thomas J. Watson, Sr.
attributes are qualities such as color and style.
CTRL: ConTRoL
CSS2: Cascading Style Sheet 2
CTS: Clear To Send
CSSM: Client-Server Systems Management RS-232 signal (Communication)
(IBM)
CTS: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
CST: Central Standard Time
Timezone: GMT -6:00 CTS: Computer Telephony Solution
CSTA: Computer-Supported Telephony CTS: Component Transaction Server
Applications
CTS: Customer Telephone System
CSTN: Color SuperTwist Nematic
LCD display technology (Hardware) CTSS: Cray Time Sharing System
CSTS: Computer Supported
CTSS: Compatible Time Sharing System
Telecommunications Standard
CSU: Channel Service Unit CTT: Cartridge Tape Transport

CSUNET: California State University CTTC: Cartridge Tape Transport Controller

NETwork
CTW: Catch The Werb
CSV: Comma-Separated Value Web organizer (Software)

CSV: Common Services Verbs CTY: Console teleTYpe

(Microsoft)
CU: Control Unit
CSV: Circuit-Switched Voice (Hardware)

CT: Computer Telephony CUA: Common User Application

(Hardware)
CUA: Common Used Acronym
CTB: Communication ToolBox
CUA: Common User Access
CTB: Cipher Type Byte

Page 30 of 161
CUB: CUrsor Backward

CUD: CUrsor Down

CUE: Custom Updates and Extras

CUF: CUrsor Forward

CUG: Closed User Group

(Network)
CUI: Common User Interface
(IBM) C
CUI: Character-oriented User Interface

CUP: CUrsor Position

CUPID: Completely Universal Processor I/o

Design
(AST)
CUR: CURsor
File name extension
CUSI: Configurable Unified Search Interface

CUSIP: Committee for Uniform Security

Identification Procedures
CUSP: Commonly Used System Program

CUT: Control Unit Terminal

CUTE: Clarkston University Terminal

Emulator
CUTS: Cassette User Tape System
(Hardware)
CUU: CUrsor Up

CVF: Compressed Volume File

CVGA: Color Video Graphics Array

CVIA: Computer Virus Industry Association

CVP: Content Vectoring Protocol

CVS: Computer Vision Syndrome

CVS: Concurrent Version System

Tool for keeping programs sources under control (Software)
CVT: ConVerT

CVW: CodeView for Windows

CW: Control Word

CWD: Convert Word to Double word

CWD: Change Working Directory

CWIS: Campus Wide Information System

CWIS: Community Wide Information

System
CXI: Common X-windows Interface

cXML: Commerce eXtensible Markup

Language
CYL: CYLinder

CYMK: Cyan-Yellow-Magenta-Black
Color model

Page 31 of 161
 This page was intentionally left blank

Page 32 of 161
 D
D&D: Drag & Drop DAI: Distributed Artificial Intelligence

D&M: Design & Modeling DAL: Data Access Language

D-VHS: Digital Video Home System DAL: Data Abstraction Layer

D/A: Digital/Analog DAL: Data Access Layer

(Hardware)
DAL: Disk Access Lockout D
D/L: DownLoad
DAM: Distributed Abstract Machine
D/R: Direct/Reverse
DAM: Direct Access Mode
D/S: Dhrystone per Second
DAM: Deferred Action Message
D2C: Decimal To Character (Software) (Microsoft)
(IBM)
DAM: Distributed Associative Memory
D2T2: Dye Diffusion Thermal Transfer (Hardware)
Printing technology
DAM: Data Acquisition and Monitoring
D2X: Decimal To heXadecimal
(IBM) DAMPS: Digital Advanced Mobile Phone
System
D3D: Direct 3D
(Microsoft) DAMQAM: Dynamically Adaptive
Multicarrier Quadrature Amplitude
DA: Destination Address Modulation
DA: Desk Accessory DAO: Disk-At-Once
(Software) (Apple) CD recording technology (Hardware)
DA: Data Administrator DAO: Data Access Object
(Software) (Microsoft)
DA: Differential Analyzer
A computer that uses interconnected integrators to solve DAP: Directory Access Protocol
differential equations. (Network)
DAA: Digest Access Authentication DAP: Developer Assistance Program

DAA: Data Access Arrangement DAPIE: Developers Application

Programming Interface Extensions
DAA: Decimal Adjust for Addition
DAQ: Data AcQuisition
DAB: Digital Audio Broadcasting (Hardware)
(Communication) DARI: Database Application Remote
DAC: Discretionary Access Control Interface
(IBM)
DAC: Digital to Analog Converter
An electronic device used to convert discrete digital numbers to DARMS: Digital Alternate Realization of
continuous analog signals. In contrast with Analog-to-Digital Musical Symbols
Converter (ADC). (Hardware) DARPA: Defense Advanced Research
DAC: Dual Attachment Concentrator Projects Agency
The U.S. government agency that funded the ARPANET.
DAC: Data Acquisition and Control (Organizations)

DACL: Discretionary Access Control List DART: Digital Audio Reconstruction

(Operating systems) Technology
DACS: Digital Access Control System DAS: Directory Assistance Service

DAD: Desktop Application Director DAS: Dynamic Allocation Scheme

(Inprise)
DAS: Data Acquisition System
DAE: Digital Audio Extraction (Hardware)

daemon: Disk And Execution MONitor DAS: Decimal Adjust for Subtraction
(Operating systems)
DAS: Dual-Attached Station
DAF: Dynamic Authentication Filter
DASD: Direct Access Storage Device

Page 33 of 161
 DASP: Drive Active, Slave Present
DASS: Distributed Authentication Security
Service
DAT: Digital Audio Tape
(Hardware)
DBLIB: DataBase LIBrary
(Databases) (Microsoft)
DBM: DataBase Manager
(Databases)
DBME: DataBase Managment Environment

DAT: Disk Array Technology DBMS: DataBase Management System

A software system facilitating the creation and maintenance of a
DAT: DATa data base and the execution of programs using the data base.
File name extension
DBNL: Dial Backup Network Link
DATEX: DATa EXchange (Network)
D DAV: Distributed Authoring and Versioning DBO: DataBase Owner
(Software) (Microsoft) (Databases)

DAV: Data AVailable DBP: DataBase Publishing

(Hardware)
dBr: DeciBel Relative
DAV: Digital Audio-Video Audio intensity measurement unit

DAVIC: Digital Audio/VIdeo Council DBR: Dos Boot Record

(Organizations)
DBRAD: Data Base Relational Application
DAVID: Digital Audio Video Interactive Directory
Decoder
DBRM: Data Base Request Module
DAX: Developper Api eXtension
DBS: Duplex Bus Selector
dB: DeciBel
Measurement unit DBS: Direct Broadcast Satellite
(Communication)
DB: DataBase
(Databases) DBS: DataBase System
(Databases)
DB: Device Bay
DBTG: DataBase Task Group
DB: Data Buffer Subcommittee of CODASYL (Organizations)

DB2: DataBase 2 DBV: Digital Broadcast Video

(Databases) (IBM)
DC: Data Collection
DBA: DataBase Administrator
(Databases) DC: Device Control
dBA: DeciBel Adjusted DC: Data Communication
(Communication)
DBAC: DataBase Administration Center
DC: Direct Current
DBAS: DataBase Administration System
DC: Data Compression
DBB: Dynamic Bass Boost
DC: Data Control
DBC: Device Bay Controller
DC: Device Context
DBCC: DataBase Consistency Checks (Operating systems)
(Databases)
DC: Data Cartridge
DBCLOB: Double-Byte Character Large (Hardware)
OBject
DC: Domain Controller
(Databases)
(Network)
DBCS: Double-Byte Character Set
DCA: Dynamic Cache Architecture
DBCS: Delivery Bar Code Sorter
DCA: Distributed Communication
DBD: DataBase Driver Architecture
(Databases) DCA: Document Content Architecture
DBF: DataBase File Describes how a document is organized (tabulator, headers,
File name extension footers, ...) so it appears the same on different systems

DBI: DataBase Interface DCA: Defense Communications Agency

(Databases) The government agency responsible for the defense data
network (DDN). (Organizations)
DBIS: Dun & Bradstreet Information
DCA: Digital Communications Associates
Services

Page 34 of 161
DCAF: Distributed Console Access Facility DCNA: Data Communication Network
(IBM) Architecture
DCAM: Digital CAMera DCO: Digitally Controlled Oscillator
(Hardware) (Hardware)
DCAM: Direct Chip Attach Module DCOM: Distributed Component Object Model
(Microsoft)
DCB: Disk Coprocessor Board
(Novell) DCS: Digital Cellular System

DCB: Device Control Block DCS: Desktop Color Separation

(Software)
DCC: Direct Client Connection
DCS: Distributed Control System
DCC: Direct Cable Connection D
(Hardware) DCS: Data Control System

DCC: Digital Compact Cassette DCT: Display Compression Technology

(Hardware) (Phillips)
DCT: DiCTionary
DCC: Data Country Code File name extension
DCC: Digital Command Control DCT: Discrete Cosine Transform
Mathematical function used by video encoders to achieve a
DCC: Display Combination Code high compression ratio. (Software)

DCCS: DisContiguous Shared Segments DCU: Data Cache Unit

DCD: Database Connector Descriptor DD: Data Dictionary

(Databases) (Oracle)
DD: Double Density
DCD: Data Carrier Detect
DD: Digital Display
DCE: Distributed Computing Environment
DDA: Distributed Data Access
DCE: Data Circuit-terminating Equipment
DDA: Domain-Defined Attribute
DCE: Data Communication Equipment
A type of hardware, such as a modem, that is responsible for DDA: Digital Differential Analyzer
encoding a digital signal for delivery to a compatible DCE A differential analyzer (DA) that uses digital representations for
connected by a data link. In contrast with Data Terminal analog quantities.
Equipment (DTE) (Communication)
DDB: Device Dependent Bitmap
DCED: Distributed Computing Environment
Daemon DDB: Device Descriptor Block
DCF: Data Communication Facility DDBMS: Distributed DataBase Management
(IBM) System
DCF: Data Count Field (Databases)
(IBM) DDC: Digital Data Channel
DCF: Driver Configuration File DDC: Display Data Channel
(Lotus)
DCF: Data Compression Facility DDCMP: Digital Data Communications
Message Protocol
DCI: Data Capture Interface (DEC)

DCI: Display Control Interface DDCS: Distributed Data Connection Services

(IBM)
DCL: DeCLaration DDD: Direct Distance Dialing
DCL: Digital Control Logic DDE: Dynamic Data Exchange
DCL: Digital Command Language Interprocess communication mechanism (Software) (Microsoft)
(DEC) DDE: Direct Data Entry
DCL: Data Control Language DDEML: Dynamic Data Exchange Manager
DCL: Device CLear Library
(Microsoft)
DCLU: Digital Carrier Line Unit DDF: Dynamic Data Formatting
DCLZ: Data Compression Lempel-Ziv (IBM)

DCM: Digital Carrier Module

Page 35 of 161
 DDI: Device Driver Interface DEC: DECrement
An interface that facilitates driver portability across different
UNIX system versions on SPARC hardware. (Operating DECNET: Digital Equipment Corporation
systems) (Sun) NETworking
Network protocol
DDI: Digital Document Interchange
DECT: Digital European Cordless
DDI: Direct Dial In Telecommunication
(Communication)
DDK: Driver Development Kit
(Software) DECUS: Digital Equipment Corporation
Users Society
DDL: Document Description Language
DEF: Desktop Functional Equivalent
DDL: Data Definition Language
D DEK: Data Encryption Key
DDM: Distributed Data Management
(IBM) DEL: DELete
DDMA: Distributed Direct Access Memory DELNI: Digital Ethernet Local Network
Interconnect
DDN: Defense Data Network
Comprises the MILNET and several other Department of DELQA: Digital Ethernet Lowpower Q-bus
Defense networks. (Network) network Adapter
DDNS: Dynamic Domain Name System DELSTR: DELete STRing
(Network) (IBM)
DDoS: Distributed Denial Of Service DELTA: Developing European Learning
(Network) through Technology Advance
DDP: Distributed Data Processing DELUA: Digital Ethernet Lowpower Unibus
network Adapter
DDP: Datagram Delivery Protocol
DELUG: DEutsche Linux User Group
DDR: Dynamic Desktop Router
DEMARC: Distributed Enterprise
DDR: Dynamic Document Review Managemant ARChitecture
(Software) (Symantec)
DEMPR: Digital Ethernet Multi-Port Repeater
DDR: Double Data Rate
(Hardware) DEN: Document Enabled Networking
(Novell)
DDS: Distributed Directory Service
DEN: Directory Enabled Networking
DDS: Digital Dataphone Service The DEN Initiative (see www.dtmf.org) is an effort to build
(AT&T) intelligent networks and networked applications that can
associate users and applications to services available from the
DDS: Digital Data Storage network according to a consistent and rational set of policies
(Network)
DDS: Distributed Database Services
DENIM: Directory Enabled Net
DDS: Design Data Sheet Infrastructure Model
(Network) (Novell)
DDS: Data Description Specification
DEPCA: Digital Ethernet Personal Computer-
DDSA: Digital Data Service Adapter bus Adapter

DDT: Dynamic Debugging Tool DEQNA: Digital Ethernet Q-bus Network

Adapter
DDWG: Digital Display Working Group DER: Distinguished Encoding Rules
(Organizations)
DDX: Digital Data eXchange DEREP: Digital Ethernet REPeater

DE: Device End DES: Data Encryption Standard

A commonly used algorithm developed by the U.S. National
DEA: Data Encryption Algorithm Bureau of Standards for encrypting and decrypting data.
DES: Data Entry Sheet
DEB: Digital European Backbone
(Network) DES: DEScription
DEBI: Dma Extended Bus Interface Ffile name extension
(Hardware) DES: Domino Extended Search
DEC: DEvice Clear (IBM)
DESC: Defense Electronics Supply Center
DEC: Digital Equipment Corporation

Page 36 of 161
DESPR: Digital Ethernet Single Port
Repeater
DESTA: Digital Ethernet thin-wire STation
Adapter
DET: Device Execute Trigger
DEUNA: Digital Ethernet Unibus Network
Adapter
DEV: DEVice
DF: Double Flag
DF: Device Flag
DF: Destination Field
DF: Data Field
DFC: Data Flow Control
DFD: Data Flow Diagram
DFDR: Digital Flight Data Recorder
(Hardware)
DFDSM: Data Facility Distributed Storage
Management
DFE: Desktop Functional Equivalent
(Compaq)
DfE: Designed For Environment
DFI: Digital Facility Interface
DFM: Design For Manufacturability
(IBM)
DFN: Deutsches ForschungsNetz
DFP: Data Facility Product
DFP: Distributed Functional Plane
DFP: Digital Flat Panel
(Hardware)
DFPI: Digital Flat Panel Initiative
DFR: Double Frequency Recording
(Hardware)
DFS: Direct File System
DFS: Distributed File System
(Operating systems)
DFS: Domino Fax Server
(Software) (Lotus)
DFSMS: Data Facility Storage Management
System
(IBM)
DFT: Design For Testability
DFT: Distributed Function Terminal
DFT: Discrete Fourier Transform
DFT: Diagnostic Function Test
DFU: Data File Utility
DGA: Direct Graphics Access
A method of arbitrating access to the display between XGL and
X11/NeWS server. This allows XGL to talk directly to the frame
buffer, which results in maximum performance.
DGC: Distributed Garbage Collection
(Software)
DGIS: Direct Graphics Interface Standard
DGP: Dissimilar Gateway Protocol
DGR: Dynamic Growth and Reconfiguration
(Artecon)
DGUX: Data General UniX D
DH: Diffie-Hellman
SSL key exchange method
DHCF: Distributed Host Command Facility
DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
A system that assigns different IP addresses to devices each
time they connect to the network. DHCP can support a mix of
static and dynamic IP addresses (Network)
DHL: Dynamic Head Loading
DHP: Dr. Halo Picture
File name extension
DHTML: Dynamic HyperText Markup
Language
DI: Destination Index
Processor register (Hardware) (Intel)
DI: Data In
DIA: Document Interchange Architecture
DIANE: DIrect Access Network for Europe
DIB: Dual Independent Bus
(Hardware)
DIB: Device Independent Bitmap
File format for raster bitmaps (Microsoft)
DIB: Directory Information Base
DIBOL: DIgital Business Oriented Language
DIC: Digital Interface Controller
DIC: DICtionary
File name extension
DICE: Dynamic Internet Configuration
Environment
DID: Direct Inward Dialing
DIDS: Distributed Intrusion Detection
System
DIF: Data Interchange Format
DIFMOS: Double Injection Floating gate
Metal Oxyde Semiconductor
DIG: Disney's Internet Guide
(Network)
DII: Dynamic Invocation Interface
DIIP: Direct Interrupt Identification Port
Page 37 of 161
 DIL: Dual In Line DL: DownLoad
Pin organization in ICs (Hardware)
DL/1: Data Language/1
DIME: Desktop Integrated Media
Environment DL/1: Data Language 1
(IBM)
DIME: Dual Independent Map Encoding
DLC: Data Link Control
DIME: DIrect Memory Execute
(Hardware) DLC: Digital Loop Carrier
(Hardware)
DIMM: Dual In line Memory Module
(Hardware) DLCI: Data Link Connection Identifier
DIN: Deutsche Industrie Norm DLD: Display List Driver
D German standards organization (Organizations)
DLE: Data Link Escape
DIO: Data Input-Output

DIP: Dual In line Pin DLL: Dynamic Link Loader

Refers to the physical geometry of an integrated circuit or other DLL: Dynamic Link Library
electronic package; rectangular, with pins on the two longer
(Software) (Microsoft)
sides. (Hardware)
DIP: Dialup Internet Protocol DLM: Distributed Lock Manager

DIP: Digital Imaging Processing DLM: Dynamic Link Module

DIR: DIRectory DLP: Discrete Logarithmic Problem

DIS: Draft International Standard DLP: Digital Light Processing

DIS: Dynamic Impedance Stabilization DLPI: Data Link Provider Interface

(Network)
DISA: Data Interchange Standards DLPI: Data Link Provider Interface
Association The SVR4 STREAMS-based kernel-level interface that
DISA: Direct Inward System Access supports the services of the Data Link Layer for both
connection-mode and connectionless-mode services. (Network)
DISM: Digital Interface Standards for DLR: Dynamic Link Routine
Monitors (Software)
(Hardware)
DLR: Dos Lan Requester
DISOSS: DIStributed Office Support System
(IBM) DLS: DownLoadable Sample
DISP: Dutch Independent Shareware DLS: Data Link Switching
Programmer (IBM)
DISP: DISPlacement DLSW: Data Link SWitching
DISP: Domino Internet Starter Pack DLT: Digital Linear Tape
(IBM) (Hardware)
DIT: Directory Information Tree DLZ: Digital Lempel-Ziv
DIU: Digital Interface Unit Compression algorithm
DM: Delta Modulation
DIV: DIVide
DM: Disconnect Mode
DIVE: Direct Interface Video Extension
(IBM) DM: Desktop Management
Divx: DIgital Video eXpress DM: Document Management
(Hardware)
DIW: D-Inside Wire DM: Distributed Memory
(AT&T) DMA: Direct Memory Access
DIX: Dec, Intel, Xerox The transfer of data directly into memory without supervision of
the processor. The data is passed on the bus directly between
DIZ: Description In Zip the memory and another device. In contrast with Direct Virtual
File name extension Memory Access (DVMA). (Hardware)

DKI: Driver Kernel Interface DMA: Document Management Alliance

An interface between the UNIX system kernel and different
types of drivers. DKI consists of a set of driver-defined functions
DMA: Dimensional Media Associates
that are called by the kernel. These functions are entry points
into a driver. (Operating systems)
DMAC: Direct Memory Access Controller
(Hardware)

Page 38 of 161
DMACS: Distributed Manufacturing DMSCMS: Display Management System
Automation & Control Software
DMSD: Digital MultiStandard Decoding
DMAPI: Dictation Macro Application
Programming Interface DMSS: Distributed Mass Storage System
(Software)
DMT: Discrete MultiTone
DMC: Desktop Multimedia Conferencing
DMTF: Desktop Management Task Force
DMD: Device Manager Driver (Organizations)
DMD: Directory Management Domain DMU: Data Manipulation Unit

DMD: Digital Micromirror Device DMVT: Dynamic Video Memory Technology

(Hardware) (TI) (Hardware) (Intel) D
DMDF: Distributed Management Data DMY: Day Month Year
Facility
DMZ: De-Militarized Zone
DME: Direct Memory Execution LAN segment between two firewalls (Network)
DME: Distributed Management Environment DN: DowN

DME: Dictionary Module Editor DN: Distinguished Name

(CAI) (Operating systems)
DMF: Digest Message Format DNA: Digital Network Architecture
(DEC)
DMF: Distribution Media Format
(Microsoft) DNA: Distributed interNet Application
(Microsoft)
DMI: Definition of Management Information
DNAfs: Distributed interNet Application for
DMI: Digital Multiplexed Interface Financial Services
(Microsoft)
DMI: Desktop Management Interface
DNC: Dynamic Network Controller
DMK: Dynamic Management Kit
(Sun) DNC: Direct Numerical Control

DML: Data Manipulation Language DNCP: DecNet Control Protocol

(Databases)
DNCRI: Division of Networking and
DMM: Digital MultiMeter Communication Research and
(Hardware) Infrastructure
DMMS: Dynamic Memory Management DNHR: Dynamic Non Hierarchical Routing
System
DMO: Distributed Management Object DNI: Decnet Network Interface
This OLE server exposes representations of SQL Server DNIC: Data Network Identification Code
database objects (tables, stored procedures, server properties,
and so on), many of which are usually modified through DNIS: Dialed Number Identification Service
Transact-SQL (Databases) (Microsoft)
DMOS: Double-diffused Metal Oxide DNJ: Developer Network Journal
Semiconductor (Microsoft)
(Hardware) DNS: Domain Name System
DMP: Dot Matrix Printer The process that translates Internet domain names (such as
www.acronyms.ch) into IP addresses (Network)
DMPC: Distributed Memory Parallel DNS: Digital Nervous System
Computer (Microsoft)
DMPP: Distributed Memory Parallel DO: Distributed Objects
Processor (Operating systems)
DMQS: Display Mode Query and Set DO: Data Out
(IBM)
DMS: Digital Multiplexed System DO-IT: Disabilities, Opportunities,
Internetworking and Technology
DMS: Distributed Media Services DOC: Declaration Of Conformity
DMS: Document Management System DOC: DOCument
DMS: Desktop Management Suite File name extensions
(Seagate) DOCSIS: Data Over Cable Service Internet
DMS: Data Management Software Specification

Page 39 of 161
 DOCSV: Data Over Circuit-Switched Voice
DOD: Direct Outward Dialing
(Communication)
DOD: Department Of Defense
(Organizations)
DOE: Department Of Energy
(Organizations)
DOE: Distributed Objects Everywhere
(Operating systems) (Sun)
DOIP: Dial Other Internet Providers
D (IBM)
DOIT: Disabilities, Opportunities,
Internetworking and Technology
DOJ: Department Of Justice
(Organizations)
DOLAP: Desktop OnLine Analytical
Processing
DOM: Document Object Model
DOMAIN: Distributed Operating Multi
Access Interactive Network
DOMF: Distributed Object Management
Facility
(HP)
DOOM: Decentralised Object Orientated
Machine
DOS: Disk Operating System
DoS: Denial Of Service
(Network)
DOSEM: Disk Operating System EMulation
DOV: Data Over Voice
(Communication)
DOW: Direct OverWrite
DOW: Day Of Week
DP: Detection Point
DP: Data Processing
DPA: Demand Protocol Architecture
(3Com)
DPA: Document Printing Architecture
DPAM: Demand Priority Access Method
DPAREN: Data PARity ENable
DPB: Drive Parameter Block
DPC: Direct Program Control
DPDT: Double Pole Double Throw
DPE: Distributed Processing Environment
DPI: Digital Phone Interface
dpi: Dots Per Inch
Resolution Measurement
DPI: Distributed Protocol Interface
Page 40 of 161
DPKT: Dynamic Public Key Technology
DPL: Distributed Program Link
(IBM)
DPL: Descriptor Privilege Level
DPM: Defects Per Million
DPM: Demand Planning Module
(Software)
DPM: Digital Panel Meter
(Hardware)
DPMA: Data Processing Management
Association
(Organizations)
DPMI: Dos Protected Mode Interface
(Operating systems)
DPMS: Dos Protected Mode Services
DPMS: Display Power Management
Signaling
(Hardware)
DPNPH: Data Packet Network-Packet
Handler
DPO: Data Phase Optimization
DPOF: Digital Print Order Format
DPP: Distributed Parallel Processing
DPROP: Data PROPagator
(IBM)
DPS: Display PostScript
DPS: Document Processing System
DPSK: Differential Phase Shift Keying
(Communication)
DPST: Double Pole Single Throw
DPT: Distributed Processing Technology
(DPT)
DPtoTP: Display Coordinates TO Tablet
Coordinates
Coordinates conversion
DQDB: Distributed Queue Dual Bus
DQL: Data Query Language
DR: Data Received
DR-DOS: Digital Research Disk Operating
System
DR.BOND: Dial-up Router Bandwidth ON
Demand
(NEC)
DRAC: Dell Remote Assistant Card
(Hardware) (Dell)
DRAM: Dynamic Random Access Memory
A type of semiconductor random-access memory that stores
information in integrated circuits that contain capacitors.
Because capacitors lose their charge over time, the dynamic
RAM must be periodically "refreshed" or recharged. (Hardware)
DRAW: Direct Read After Write
DRB: Dram Row Boundary
DRC: Design Rule Checks
DRD: Data Reading Device
DRD: Digital Ruggedized Display
(Hardware)
DRDA: Distributed Relational Database
Architecture
(Databases) (IBM)
DRDAAS: Distributed Relational Database
Architecture Application Server
DRDRAM: Direct Rambus Dynamic Random
Access Memory
(Hardware)
DRDW: Direct Read During Write
DREN: Defense Research and Engineering
Network
(Network)
DRI: Defense Research Internet
DRI: Declarative Referential Integrity
(Databases)
DRI: Digital Research Incorporated
DRM: Destination Release Mechanism
DRM: Digital Rights Management
Copy-protection scheme
DRM: Distributed Resource Management
DRMU: Digital Remote Measurement Unit
DRO: Data Request Output
DRO: Destructive Read-Out
DRP: Decnet Routing Protocol
DRS: Driver ReSource
File name extension
DRS: Document Registration System
DRV: device DRiVer
File name extension
DRV: DRiVe
DRW: Drawing
File name extensions
DS: Digital Services
DS: Distribution Services
DS: Digital Signal
DS: Data Send
DS: Digital Studio
(Sony)
DS: Database Server
(Databases)
DS: Data Segment
CPU register (Hardware) (Intel)
DS: Data Strobe
(Hardware)
DS: Data Server
DS: Directory Service
(Network)
DS: Digital Science
(Hardware) (Kodak)
DS: Double-Sided
(Hardware)
DS: Differentiated Service
D
A IETF standard for a small, well-defined set of per-packet
building blocks from which a variety of services may be built,
thereby providing a framework for delivering quality of service
(QoS) in networks (Network)
DS: Direct-Sequence
IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN access method (Communication)
DS/PPM: Direct Sequence/Pulse Position
Modulation
(Hardware)
DS3D: DirectSound 3D
(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
DSA: Digital Storage Architecture
DSA: Dynamic Scalable Architecture
DSA: Distributed Systems Architecture
DSA: Directory System Agent
The software that provides the X.500 directory service for a
portion of the directory information base. Generally, each DSA
is responsible for the directory information for a single
organization or organizational unit.
DSA: Digital Signature Algorithm
DSAP: Destination Service Access Point
DSAV: Dr. Solomon's Anti Virus
(Software)
DSBAM: Double-SideBand Amplitude Module
DSBM: Designated Subnet Bandwidth
Manager
A device on a managed subnetwork that acts as the Subnet
Bandwidth Manager for the subnetwork to which it is attached
(Network)
DSC: Document Structuring Convention
DSC: Digital Still Camera
(Hardware)
DSC: Document Structuring Conventions
DSD: Data Structure Diagram
DSD: Data Stream Direct
DSDD: Double Sided, Double Density
DSDM: Drop Site Database Manager
A process (not the sending client) responsible for maintaining a
registry or database of potential drop sites for drag and drop
operations.
DSE: Data Storage Equipment
DSEA: Display Station Emulation Adapter
Page 41 of 161
 DSHD: Double Sided, High Density DSS: Distributed Security Service

DSI: Defense Simulation Internet DSS: Digital Signature Standard

DSIMM: Dual Single Inline Memory Module DSS: Decision Support System

DSIS: Distributed Support Information DSS: Direct Station Selector

Standard (Hardware)
DSL: Distributed Service Logic DSSI: Digital Standard Systems
Interconnect
DSL: Dialogue Scripting Language (DEC)
DSL: Digital Subscriber Line DSSLL: Differentiated Services over
D (Communication) Specific Link Layers
A system for mapping between Differentiated Services and
DSL: Dynamic Simulation Language
other bandwidth-management protocols such as 802.1p and
ATM (Network)
DSL2: Downloadable Sounds Level 2
(Hardware) DSSS: Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum
(Communication)
DSLAM: Digital Subscriber Line Access
Multiplexer DSSSL: Document Style Semantic and
(Hardware) Specification Language
DSM: Directory Service Migration DST: Daylight Saving Time

DSM: Distributed Shared Memory DSTN: Double-layer SuperTwist Nematic

LCD display technology (Hardware)
DSM: Discrete Sequence Modulation
DSU: Digital Service Unit
DSM-CC: Digital Storage Media - Command
and Control DSU: Data Service Unit

DSMA: Digital Sense Multiple Access DSVD: Digital Simultaneous Voice and Data
(Communication)
DSN: Developer Support News
DSW: Device Status Word
DSN: Distributed Systems Network
DSW: Data Status Word
DSN: Delivery Service Notification
DSX: Digital Signals Cross-connect
DSN: Data Source Name
(Databases) DTA: Direct Tape Access
(Seagate)
DSO: Data Source Object
(Databases) DTA: Disk Transfer Area

DSO: Dynamic Shared Object DTAP: Direct Transfer Application Part

(Software)
DTB: Data Transfer Bus
DSOM: Distributed System Object Model Part of the VMEbus specification that contains data and
(Operating systems) (IBM) address pathways and associated control signals. Functional
modules called DTB masters and DTB slaves use the DTB to
DSP: Document Services for Printing transfer data between each other. (Hardware)
DSP: Digital Signal Processor DTC: Distributed Transactions Coordinator
A computer oriented toward math-intensive applications, often a (Databases) (Microsoft)
single chip or small chip set. (Hardware)
DTC: Design-Time Control (or Component)
DSP: Domain-Specific Part (Software)
(Network)
DTC: DeskTop Conferencing
DSP: Directory Synchronization Protocol
(Lotus) DTCP: Digital Transmission Content
Protection
DSPT: Display Station Pass-Thru
(IBM) DTD: Document Type Definition
DSQD: Double Sided, Quad Density DTE: Data Terminal Equipment
That part of a data station that serves as a data source, data
DSR: Data Set Ready sink, or both, and provides for the data communication control
Serial port signal (Communication) function according to protocols. In contrast with Data
DSR: Device Status Register Communication Equipment (DCE). (Communication)
DTE: Dumb Terminal Emulator
DSR: Device Status Report
DTF: Distributed Test Facility
DSRI: Digital Standard Relational Interface

Page 42 of 161
DTL: Diode Transistor Logic DVC: Desktop Video Conferencing
Semiconductor manufacturing technology (Hardware)
DVD: Deutsche Vereinigung für Datenschutz
DTL: Dialogue Tag Language
(IBM) DVD: Digital Video (or Versatile) Disk
(Hardware)
DTLB: Dual Translation Lookaside Buffer
DVD+RW: Digital VIdeo (or Versatile) Disk
DTM: Distributed Transaction Monitor Read Write
A DVD unofficial specification competing with DVD RAM
DTM: Digital Terrain Mapping
(Hardware)
DTMF: Dual Tone MultiFrequency DVD-MMVFF: Digital Versatile Disc
MultiMedia Video File Format
DTMS: Data Transformation Management
System DVD-R: Digital Video Disk-Recordable D
DTO: Day-Time Organizer DVD-RAM: Digital Versatile Disk - Random
(Software) Access Memory
DTP: Distributed Transaction Processing A read-write DVD (Hardware)
DVD-ROM: Digital Versatile Disk - Read
DTP: DeskTop Publishing Only Memory
DTR: Dedicated Token Ring A read only DVD (Hardware)
(Network) DVE: Digital Video Effect
DTR: DeskTop Reproduction DVI: Diagonal Viewable Image
DTR: Data Transfer Rate (Hardware)
DVI: Digital Video Interface
DTR: Data Terminal Ready
Specification to interface digital flat panels with host PCs
Serial port signal (Communication)
DVI: Digital Video Interactive
DTS: Digital Theater Surround
DVI: DeVice Independent
DTS: Distributed Time Service
File name extension
DTS: Data Transformation Service DVI-I: Digital Video Interface-Integrated
(Databases) (Hardware)
DTSS: Dartmouth Time Sharing System DVI-V: Digital Video Interface-Vga
(Hardware)
DTU: Demand Transmission Unit
DVL: Digital Video Link
DTV: Digital TeleVision
(Hardware) DVM: Digital Volt Meter
(Hardware)
DTV: DeskTop Video
DVMA: Direct Virtual Memory Access
DTVC: DeskTop Video Conferencing A mechanism to enable a device on the SBus to initiate data
transfers between it and other SBus
DU: Disk Usage devices, such as system memory. Contrast with Direct Memory
Access (DMA). (Hardware)
DUA: Directory User Agent
The software that accesses the X.500 directory service on DVMRP: Distance Vector Multicast Routing
behalf of the directory user. The directory user may be a person Protocol
or another software element. (Communication)
DUAT: Direct User Access Terminal DVR: Digital Video Recorder
(Hardware)
DUN: Dial-Up Networking
(Network) DVR: device DriVeR
File name extension
DUNCE: Dial Up Network Connection
Enhancement DVX: Digital Voice eXchange
(Network)
DW: Data Warehouse
DUT: Device Under Test (Databases)

DUW: Distributed Unit of Work DW: Display Write

(IBM) Word Processor (Software) (IBM)

DV: Digital Video DWDM: Dense Wavelength Division

Multiplexer
DVB: Digital Video Broadcasting DWG: DraWinG
(Communication)
File name extension
DVC: Digital Video Camera DWM: Diskless Workstation Management
(Hardware)

Page 43 of 161
 DWMT: Discrete Wavelet MultiTone

DX: DirectX
(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
DXB: Drawing eXchange Binary
File name extension (Autodesk)
DXC: Data eXchange Control

DXF: Drawing Exchange Format

File name extension
DXI: Data Exchange Interface
D Dxr: Dynamic eXtended Resolution
(Hardware) (Creative Labs)
DXTC: DirectX Texture COmpression
(Microsoft)

Page 44 of 161
 E
E-ADT: Extended Abstract Data Type EASI: Enhanced Asynchronous Scsi
(Software) Interface
E-FORM: Electronic FORM EAST: East Australian Standard Time
Timezone: GMT +10:00
E-MAIL: Electronic MAIL
EATA: Enhanced Advanced Technology bus
E-ZINE: Electronic magaZINE Attachment
EAX: Environmental Audio eXtensions
E2E: End-To-End
(Hardware) (Creative Labs)
The ability of a network to deliver service needed by a specific
network application from end-to-end, with the ability to provide EB: ExaByte E
both class of service and reserved bandwidth for different types 2 power 18 bytes
of network traffic (Network)
EBC: Eisa Bus Controller
EA: Escrowed Authenticator
EBCDIC: Extended Binary Coded Decimal
EA: Extended Attribute
Interchange Code
(IBM)
Charachter encoding scheme (IBM)
EA: Effective Address
EBCT: Electron Beam Computed
EAB: Enterprise Application Builder Tomography
(Software) EBI: External Bus Interface
EADAS: Engineering and Administrative (Hardware)
Data Acquisition System EBI: Extended Background Investigation
EADASNM: Engineering and Administrative
EBI: Equivalent Background Input
Data Acquisition System Network
Management EBNF: Extended Backus-Naur Form
EADT: East Australian Daylight Time
EBROM: Electronic Book Read Only Memory
Timezone: GMT +10:00
EAGLES: Expert Advisory Group on EBT: Electronic Benefits Transfer
Language Engineering Standards
EC: European Community
EAI: Enterprise Application Integration
EC: Electronic Commerce
EAM: Evanescent Access Method
EC: Error Control
EAN: European Article Number
Bar code standards family ECAF: European Certification Authority
Forum
EAP: Early Adopter Program
ECAL: Enjoy Computing And Learn
EAPI: Extended Application Programming
Interface ECAT: Electronic Card Assembly and Test
(Software) (IBM)

EAR: External Access Register ECB: Event Control Block

A data structure used to control sending and receiving of
EARN: European Academic Research packets in a Novell Network (Operating systems) (Novell)
Network ECB: Electronic CodeBook
A network using BITNET technology connecting universities
and research labs in Europe. (Network) ECC: Electrical Connectivity Checks
EAROM: Electrically Alterable Read Only
ECC: Error Correction Code
Memory
(Hardware) ECC: Error Checking and Correction
EARS: Electronic Authoring and Routing The detection, in the processing unit, and correction of all single-
bit errors, plus the detection of double-bit and some multiple-bit
System
errors.
(DEC)
ECC: Elliptic Curve Cryptography
EARS: Electronic Access to Reference
Services ECD: Enhanced Color Display
EARS: Explicit Archive and Retrieval System
ECD: Enhanced Compact Disk
EAS: Enterprise Access Server
ECF: Enhanced Connectivity Facilities

Page 45 of 161
 ECHO: European Commission Host
Organization
ECHT: European Conference on Hypermedia
Technology
ECI: External Call Interface
(IBM)
ECL: EClectic Language
ECL: Emitter Coupled Logic
Semiconductor manufacturing technology (Hardware)
ECM: Entity Coordination Management
ECM: Error-Correction Mode
E ECM: Electronic Control Module
ECM: Electronic Counter Measures
(Hardware)
ECMA: European Computer Manufacturing
Association
(Organizations)
ECML: Electronic Commerce Modeling
Language
ECMP: Equal Cost Multipath Protocol
(Network)
ECN: European Counter Network
ECN: Explicit Congestion Notification
(Network)
ECNE: Enterprise Certified Netware
Engineer
(Novell)
ECOM: Electronic Computer Originated Mail
ECOOP: European Conference on Object
Orientated Programming
ECP: Enhanced Communication Protocol
ECP: Extended Capabilities Port
(Hardware)
ECPA: Electronic Communication Privacy Act
ECR: Enterprise Customer Resource
ECS: Enterprise Control Station
ECS: Event Communication Service
ECS: Enhanced Chip Set
ECSA: Exchange Carriers Standards
Association
ECTL: Electronic Communal Temporal Lobe
ECU: Eisa Configuration Utility
ED: End Delimiter
ED: Enhanced Density
ED: Extra-high Density
2.88 MB floppy disk (Hardware)
ED: Erase Display
EDA: Embedded Document Architecture
Page 46 of 161
EDA: Electronic Design Automation
EDAC: Electromechanical Digital Adapter
Circuit
EDB: Embedded DataBase
EDC: Error Detection Code
EDC: Easy Data Communication
(Communication)
EDC: Error Detection and Correction
EDC: Electronic Digital Computer
EDC: Enhanced Data Correction
EDDC: Extended Distance Data Cable
EDE: Encrypt-Decrypt-Encrypt
EDGAR: Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis
and Retrieval
EDI: Electronic Data Interchange
EDI: Electronic Document Interchange
(DEC)
EDID: Extended Display Identification Data
(Hardware)
EDIF: Electronic Design Interchange Format
A standard file format for exchanging CAD data.
EDIFACT: Electronic Data Interchange For
Administration Commerce and Transport
EDIT: Emulsion Direct Imaging Technology
(Hardware)
EDL: Edit Decision List
EDLC: Ethernet Data Link Control
EDM: Electronic Document Management
EDM: Engineering Data Management
EDMS: Electronic Document Management
System
EDO: Extended Data Output
Mmeory Manufacturing technology (Hardware)
EDOS: Enhanced Disk Operating System
EDP: Electronic Data Processing
EDP: Extended Dos Partition
(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
EDPM: Electronic Data Processing Machine
EDPS: Electronic Data Processing System
EDR: External Developer Release
EDRAM: Extended Dynamic Random Access
Memory
EDS: Electronic Data Systems
EDSAC: Electronic Delay Storage Automatic
Computer
EDSI: Enhanced Small Device Interface
EDSRA: Earth Data System Reference EFT: Euro FileTransfer
Application
EFT: Electronic Funds Transfer
EDT: Eastern Daylight Time
Timezone: GMT -5:00 EFTPoS: Point Of SaleElectronic Funds
EDVAC: Electronic Discrete Variable Transfer at Point Of Sale
Automatic Computer EFTS: Electronic Funds Transfer System
First stored-program digital computer
EGA: Enhanced Graphics Adapter
EDW: Enterprise Data Warehouse Video specification for a resolution of 640x350 pixels in 16
colors (Hardware)
EE: Extended Edition
(IBM) EGP: Exterior Gateway Protocol
A reachability routing protocol used by gateways in a two-level
EEC: Extended Error Correction internet. EGP is used in the Internet core system. (Network)
EEG: ElectroEncephaloGram EGREP: Extended Global Regular
Expression Print
E
EEI: Equipment to Equipment Interface
EGS: Enhanced Graphics System
EEL: Epsilon Extension Language
EGSM: Extended Global System for Mobile
EEM: External Expansion Module communications
(Communication)
EEMA: European Electronic Messaging
Association EHF: Encoding Header Field
(Organizations)
EHF: Extreme High Frequency
EEMAC: Electrical & Electronic
MAnufacturers of Canada EHLLAPI: Emulator High-Level Language
Application Programming Interface
EEMS: Enhanced Expanded Memory
Specification EIA: Electronics Industries Association
(Operating systems) (Organizations)

EEP: Entry Exit Procedure EICAVR: European Institute for Computer

Anti-Virus Research
EEPRO: Ethernet Express PRO EIDE: Enhanced Integrated Drive
Network interface card (Hardware) (Intel)
Electronics
EEPROM: Electrically Erasable Bus architecture (Hardware)
Programmable Read Only Memory EIGRP: Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing
A non-volatile PROM that may be written to as well as read Protocol
from. (Hardware)
(Network) (Cisco)
EES: Escrow Encryption Standard
EIO: Enhanced Input/Output
EET: Eastern European Time
EIP: Enterprise Information Portal
Timezone: GMT +1:00
(IBM)
EF: Expedited Forwarding
EIS: European Information System
A Per-Hop Behavior in the Differentiated Service standard,
used to create a virtual leased line service (Network) EIS: Executive Information System
EFA: Extended File Attribute
EISA: Extended Industry Standard
EFCI: Explicit Forward Congestion Architecture
Indication PC bus architecture (Hardware)
EFF: Electronic Frontier Foundation EISS: Europaeisches Institut für
SystemSicherheit
EFI: Electromechanical Frequency
Interference EITAAC: Electronic and Information
Technology Access Advisory Committee
EFI: Electronics For Imaging (Organizations)
EFIGS: English, French, Italian, German, EJB: Enterprise Java Bean
Spanish (Software) (Sun)
EFL: Emitter Follower Logic EJC: Electronic Journal of Communication
(Hardware)
EKP: Enterprise Knowledge Portal
EFM: Eight to Fourteen Modulation (IBM)
EFS: Encrypting File System EL: ElectroLuminescent
(Operating systems) (Hardware)
EFSP: Enhanced Fax Service Provider EL: Erase Line

Page 47 of 161
 EL1: Extensible Language One
ELAN: Emulated Local Area Network
ELC: Embedded Linking and Control
ELF: Extremely Low Frequency
(Hardware)
ELF: Electronic Location Finder
ELF: Executable and Linking Format
(Software)
ELH: Entity Life History
ELI: Embedded Lisp Interpreter
E EMM: Extended Memory Management
ELIC: Electronic Library Information Center
ELINT: ELectronic INTelligence
ELK: Extension Language Kit
ELLIS: EuLisp LInda System
ELM: ELectronic Mail
(Network)
ELOD: Erasable Laser Optical Disk
ELP: Equational Logic Programming
ELS: Entry Level System
ELSNET: European Language and Speech
NETwork
EM: End of Medium
EM: Extensions Manager
EM: Electronic Mail
EM: EMphasized
EM: ElectroMagnetic
EM: Expanded Memory
EMA: Enterprise Management Architecture
EMA: Enterprise Memory Architecture
(Operating systems)
EMA: Electronic Mail Association
EMACS: Editing MACroS
EMB: Enhanced Master Burst
EMB: Extended Memory Block
EMBARC: Electronic Mail Broadcast to A
Roaming Computer
EMBM: Environment-Mapped Bump Mapping
EMC: Emergency Management Card
(Hardware) (Intel)
EMC: E-Mail Connection
EMC: Enhanced Memory Chip
EMC: ElectroMagnetic Compatibility
EMC: Extended Math Coprocessor
Page 48 of 161
EMEA: Europe, Middle East and Africa
EMF: Enhanced MetaFile
File format for graphics (Microsoft)
EMF: ElectroMagnetic Field
EMI: ElectroMagnetic Interference
EML: Element Management Layer
EML: EMaiL
Filename extension used by MS Outlook Express (Software)
(Microsoft)
EMM: Expanded Memory Manager
EMMA: European MultiMedia Award
EMR: ElectroMagnetic Radiation
EMR: Enhanced Metafile Record
EMS: Expanded Memory Specification
(Software)
EMS: Electronic Mail System
EMS: Electronic Messaging Service
EMSAPI: Extended Messaging Services
Application Programming Interface
EMSC: Electronic Mail Standards Committee
EMT: Eastern Mediterranean Time
Timezone: GMT +2:00
EMV: Europay, Mastercard and Visa
EMWAC: European Microsoft Windows nt
Academic Centre
EMX: Enterprise Messaging eXchange
(Lotus)
EN: Europa Norm
ENA: Electronic Networking Association
ENA: Extended Network Addressing
ENC: ENCoded
File name extension
ENDC: European Network Design Center
ENDEC: ENcoder/DECoder
ENDS: END of Segment
ENIAC: Electronic Numerical Integrator
Analyzer and Computer
First fully electronic digital computer
ENQ: ENQuiry
ENS: Enterprise Network Services
ENSS: Exterior Nodal Switching Subsystem
EO: Europe Online
EOA: End Of Address
(Communication)
EOB: End Of Block EPIC: Explicitly Parallel Instruction
(Communication) Computing
EOC: End Of Character EPL: Electronic switching system
Programming Language
EOC: End Of Conversion
EPL: Effective Privilege Level
EOD: Erasable Optical Disk
EPLD: Electrically Programmable Logic
EOD: End Of Data Device
(Hardware)
EOF: End Of File
A particular character, usually a Control-D, that tells the system EPM: Enterprise Process Management
it has reached the end of the file. (IBM)

EOF: Enterprise Object Framework EPM: Enhanced editor for Presentation

(Software) (Apple) Manager
EOI: End Of Input
(IBM) E
EPP: Enhanced Parallel Port
EOI: End Of Interrupt (Hardware)

EOI: End Or Identify EPROM: Erasable Programmable Read Only

Memory
EOJ: End Of Job A non-volatile memory chip that is programmed
after they it is manufactured. EPROMs differ from PROMs in
EOL: End Of Line that they can be erased (generally by exposing the
semiconductor material to the ultraviolet light) and can be
EOL: End Of List reprogrammed after having been erased. (Hardware)

EOM: End Of Message EPRPI: Enhanced Primary Rate Peripheral

(Communication) Interface
EON: Extranet Object Network EPS: Encapsulated PostScript
(Network) A file format for graphics and text supported by several
graphics drawing applications. (Adobe)
EON: Edge Of Network
(Network) (IBM)
EPSF: Encapsulated PostScript Files

EOP: End Of Procedure EPSI: Encapsulated PostScript Interchange

A version of the encapsulated PostScript format that describes
EOR: Electro-Optical Reconnaissance an image using a standard text file. (Adobe)

EOR: Exclusive OR EQD: English Query Domain

Also XOR Filename extension (Databases) (Microsoft)

EOS: Extended Operating System EQP: EQuiPment

EOS: Earth Observing System ER: Entity Relationship

(NASA)
ER: Explicit cell Rate
EOS: End Of String
ER/RC: Extended Result/Response Code
EOSDIS: Earth Observing System Data and
Information System ERA: Extended Registry Attributes
(NASA)
ERAS: Electronic Routing and Approval
EOT: End Of Text System

EOT: End Of Tape ERD: Entity-Relationship Diagram

(Hardware)
ERD: Emergency Repair Disk
EOT: End Of Transmission
(Communication) ERIC: Educational Resources Information
Center
EOT: End Of Table
ERIN: Environmental Resources
EOUG: European Oracle User Group Information Network

EP: Electrophotographic Engine ERLL: Enhanced Run Length Limited

EPA: Enhanced Performance Architecture ERM: Entity-Relationship Model

EPA: Environmental Protection Agency ERMA: Electronic Recording Method,

(Organizations) Accounting

EPAC: Enhanced Perceptual Audio Coder EROM: Erasable Read Only Memory

EROS: Earth Resources Observation System

Page 49 of 161
 ERP: Enterprise Resource Planning ESMA: Extended Server Memory
Architecture
ERR: ERRor (Operating systems)
ERU: Emergency Recovery Utility ESMD: Embedded Storage Module Disk
(Microsoft)
ESMD: Enhanced Storage Module Device
ES: Extended Services
ESMR: Enhanced Specialized Mobile Radio
ES: Extra Segment
CPU register (Hardware) (Intel) ESMTP: Extended Simple Mail Transfer
Protocol
ES-IS: End System to Intermediate System
The International Organization for Standardization's Open ESN: Electronic Switched Network
Systems Interconnection (OSI) protocol by which end systems
announce themselves to intermediate systems. ESN: Electronic Security Number
ESA: Enterprise Systems Architecture ESNET: Energy Sciences NETwork
E (IBM)
ESP: Ethernet Serial Port
ESA: European Space Agency
(Organizations) ESP: Enhanced Service Provider
ESC: ESCape
ESP: Encapsulated Security Payload
ESC: Eisa System Component (Network)
ESP: Enhanced Serial Port
ESC/P: Epson Standard Code for Printers
(Hardware)
(Epson)
ESP: Estimated Street Price
ESCD: Extended System Configuration Data
ESP: Emulation Sensing Processor
ESCM: Extended Services Communications
Manager ESPRIT: European Strategic Program of
(IBM) Research and development in Information
ESCON: Enterprise System CONnection Technology
Architecture (IBM) ESR: Event Service Routine
ESCSI: Embedded Small Computers System
ESRB: Entertaining Software Rating Board
Interface
(Organizations)
Bus architecture (Hardware)
ESS: Enterprise Storage Server
ESD: Electronic Software Distribution
ESS: Electronic Switching System
ESD: ElectroStatic Discharge
EST: Eastern Standard Time
ESD: Emergency Startup Disk
Timezone: GMT -5:00
(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
ESTT: E-mail Server Test Tool
ESDI: Enhanced Small Device Interface
Ziff-Davis labs test suite for email servers
ESDRAM: Enhanced Synchronous Dynamic ESU: ElectroStatic Unit
Random Access Memory
(Hardware) ET: Enhancement Technology
ESDS: Entry Sequenced Data Set ETACS: Extended Total Access
Communication System
ESE: Exchange Server Enterprise
(IBM)
(Microsoft)
ETANN: Electrically Trainable Analog Neural
ESF: Extended SuperFrame
Network
ESI: End System Identifier Chip (Intel)
ETB: End of Transmission Block
ESI: Enhanced Serial Interface
Communication specification (Hayes) ETC: Enhanced Throughput Cellular
ESIS: End System to Intermediate System Cellular modem protocol (AT&T)
ETC: Electronic Toll Collection
ESM: European Satellite Multimedia
ETF: Enriched Text Format
ESM: Enterprise System Management
ETIS: European Telecommunications
ESM: External Storage Module
Information Service
A Sun external unit that contains disk or tape drives and that
can be connected to a desktop SPARCstation system. ETL: Extract, Transformation and Load
(Hardware) (Sun) (Databases)

Page 50 of 161
ETLA: Extended Three Letter Acronym EXT: EXTernal

ETOM: Electron-Trapping Optical Memory EXTRA: EXecutionTRace Analyzer

ETPL: Endorsed Tempest Products List EXTRN: EXTernal RefereNce

ETR: Early Token Release EXUG: European X Users Group

ETS: Ethernet Terminal Servers

(Hardware)
ETS: Econometric Time Series

ETSI: European Telecommunication

Standards Institute
(Organizations)
ETX: End of TeXt E
(Communication)
EU: Execution Unit

EUC: Extended Unix Code

An encoding scheme that allows up to four codesets to coexist
in one data stream. EUC supports one primary character set
and three supplementary character sets. (Operating systems)
EUC: End User Computing

EUI: End-User Interface

EULA: End User License Agreement

EUNET: European Unix NETwork

Euro CASE: EUROpean Council of Applied

Sciences and Engineering
(Organizations)
EUUG: European Unix Users Group
(Organizations)
EUV: Extreme Ultra Violet

EVE: Extensible Vax Editor

EVGA: Extended Video Graphics Array

EVGA: Extended Video Graphics Adapter

EVLIW: Encapsulated Very Long Instruction

Word
(Hardware)
EW: Electronic Warfare

EWAN: Emulator Without A Name

EWOS: European Workshop for Open

Systems
The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Implementors
workshop for Europe.
EWS: Employee Written Software
(IBM)
EWS: Early Warning Status
System that alerts the host system if drive performance
approaches unacceptable reliability levels (Hardware)
ExCA: EXchangeable Card Architecture
(Intel)
EXE: Executable
File name extension
EXE2BIN: EXEcutable To BINary

EXP: EXPonent

Page 51 of 161
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Page 52 of 161
 F
F/T: Full Time FBRAM: Frame Buffer Random Access
Memory
F/V: Frequency to Voltage converter A special type of Dynamic RAM (DRAM) used in high-speed
(Hardware) frame buffers. Similar to Video RAM (VRAM), FBRAM is
specifically designed for use in high-speed frame buffers and
FAB: FABrication plant graphics accelerators. (Hardware)
Usually referred to chip fabrication plants
FC: Frame Control
FAC: File Access Code
FC: Functional Component
FACE: Framed Access Command (Software)
Environment
FC: Fiber Channel
FACS: Facility fir Access Control and (Hardware)
Security F
FC-AL: Fiber Channel - Arbitrated Loop
FAIL: Fast Artificial Intelligence Language (Hardware)
FAMOS: Floating gate Avalanche Metal FC-EL: Fiber Channel - Enhanced Loop
Oxide Semiconductor (Hardware)
(Hardware)
FC/AL: Fiber Channel/Arbitrated Loop
FANS: Future Air Navigation System
FC/EL: Fiber Channel/Enhanced Loop
FAP: Format And Protocol
FCA: Flow Control Acknowledge
FAP: File Access Protocol
FCB: File Control Block
FAPI: Family Application Programming
Interface FCBS: File Control BlockS
FAQ: Frequently Asked Question FCC: Federal Communications Commission
(Organizations)
FAR: Fixed Alternative Routing
FCC: File Carbon Copy
FARNET: Federation of American Research
NETworks FCCSET: Federal Coordinating Council for
(Organizations) Science, Engineering and Technology

FASIC: Function and Algorithm-Specific FCFS: First Come, First Served

Integrated Circuit
FCI: Fibre Channel Interface
FASMI: False Analysis of Shared
Multidimensional Information FCI: Flow Control Indicator
FAST: First Application System Test FCI: Flux Changes per Inch
FAT: File Allocation Table FCIF: Full Common Intermediate Format
(Operating systems) (Microsoft) Video Teleconferencing standard
FAT12: File Allocation Table 12 bits FCL: Fibre Channel Loop
Every entry in the table is 12 bits wide (Operating systems)
(Microsoft) FCO: Flow Control Operator bits
FAT16: File Allocation Table 16 bits FCP: Fibre Channel Protocol
Every entry in the table is 16 bits wide (Operating systems)
(Microsoft) FCPH: Fibre Channel PHysical and signaling
FAT32: File Allocation Table 32 bits interface
Every entry in the table is 32 bits wide (Operating systems) FCR: FIFO Control Register
(Microsoft)
FCS: Fiber Channel Standard
FAX: FACSimile
Also a file name extension FCS: First Customer Ship
FAZAM: Full Armor Zero AdMinistration
FCS: Frame Check Sequence
FB: Fiber optic Backbone
FD: Floppy Disk

FD: Flat Display

(Hardware) (Sony)
FD: Full Duplex

Page 53 of 161
 FDBMS: Federated Database Management FeRAM: FErroelectric Random Access
System Memory
(Databases) (Hardware)
FDC: Floppy Disk Controller FESDK: Far East Software Development Kit
(Hardware) (Microsoft)
FDCN: Financial Data Cast Network FET: Field-Effect Transistor
A type of transistor in which the flow of current between the
FDCT: Forward Discrete Cosine Transform source and the drain is modulated by application of a
(Software) transverse electric field between two gate electrodes.
(Hardware)
FDD: Floppy Disk Drive
(Hardware) FF: Flip-Flop
(Hardware)
FDDI: Fiber Digital Device Interface
(Hardware) FF: Form Feed
A printer command that tells a printer to move to the top of the
FDDI: Fiber Distributed Data Interface next page. In the ASCII character set, the form-feed character
An emerging high-speed networking standard. The underlying has the decimal value 12. Also known as the page eject
F medium is fiber optics, and the topology is a dual-attached, character.
counter-rotating token ring (Hardware)
FFDC: First Failure Data Capture
FDDITPPMD: Fiber Distributed Data (IBM)
Interface Twisted Pair-Physical layer,
Medium Dependent FFOL: Fddi Follow-On-LAN

FDE: Full Duplex Ethernet FFS: Fast Filing System

FDFS: File Descriptor File System FFS: Fast FileSystem

A pseudo file system that provides explicit names for opening
files using file descriptors. (Operating systems) FFST: First Failure Support Technology
(IBM)
FDL: File Definition Language
FFT: Fast Fourier Transform
FDM: Frequency-Division Multiplexing
FFT: Final Form Text
FDMA: Frequency-Division Multiple Access (IBM)

FDOCA: Formatted Data Object Content FG: Floating Gate

Architecture
(IBM)
FGREP: Fixed Global Regular Expression
Print
FDx: Full DupleX
FH: Frequency Hopping
(Communication)
(Communication)
FE: Functional Entity
FHS: File Hierarchy Standard
FEA: Functional Entity Action (Operating systems)
FHS: Fan Heat-Sink
FEBE: Far End Block Error
FHSS: Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum
FEC: Fast EtherChannel
(Communication)
(Hardware) (Cisco)
FIF: Fractal Image Format
FEC: Forward Error Correction
Sending redundant data so that if data loss occurs, data FIFO: First In First Out
recovery is possible without retransmission (Communication)
(Hardware)
FECN: Forward Explicit Congestion
FIFOFS: First In First Out File System
Notification
Named pipe files that give processes common access to data.
FED: Field Emitting Display (Operating systems)
(Hardware) FILO: First In Last Out
FEFO: First-Ended, First-Out
FIN: Functional Identification Number
FEM: Finite Elemente Methode
FIOC: Frame Input/Output Controller
FEP: Front End Processor
FIP: Facility Interface Processor
FEPI: Front End Programming Interface
FIP: File Processor Buffering
FEPROM: Flash EPROM
FIPS: Federal Information Processing
FER: Forward Error Correction Standard
The FIPS PUB is the National Bureau of Standards’ guide to the
standards it issues.
FIR: Finite Impulse Response

Page 54 of 161
FIR: Fast Infrared FON: Fiber Optics Network

FIRST: ForschungsInstitut fër FON: FONt

Rechnerarchitektur und SoftwareTechnik File name extension
FIRST: Forum of Incident Response and FOOBAR: Ftp Operation Over Big Address
Security Teams Records
FIST: First In Still There FOOT: Forum for Object Oriented
Technology
FIU: Fingerprint Identification Unit
(Hardware) FOR: FORtran
File name extension
FIX: Federal Internet eXchange
FORTRAN: FORmula TRANsactor
FK: Foreign Key Programming language
(Databases)
FOSE: Federal Office Systems Exposition
FL: Fiberoptic Link
FOSI: Format Option Specification Instance
FLA: Four Letter Acronym F
FOSSIL: Fido/Opus/Seadog Standard
FLACC: Full Level Algol Checkout Compiler Interface Layer

FLAG: Fiber-optic Link Around the Globe FOT: Fiber Optic Transceiver
(Network)
FOX: Field Operational X.500
FLC: Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal
FP: Frame Pointer
FLD: FieLD Processor register (Hardware)

FLEA: Four Letter Extended Acronym FP: Floating Point

FLL: Foxpro Link Library FPA: Floating Point Accelerator

(Microsoft) A device (board or integrated circuit - IC) that speeds up
floating-point calculations. (Hardware)
FLOPS: FLoating-point Operations Per
FPC: Floating Point Coprocessor
Second
A measure of the speed at which a computer can operate. FPC: Floating Point Calculation
(Hardware)
FMA: Fused Multiply-Add FPCE: Floating-Point C Extension
CPU instruction type Specification

FMH: Function Management Header FPD: Flat Panel Display

(Hardware)
FMS: File Management System
FPD: Full Page Display
FMT: ForMaT (Hardware)
FPDU: Ftam Protocol Data Unit
FMV: Full Motion Video
FPE: Floating Point Engine
FNC: Federal Networking Council
The body responsible for coordinating networking needs among FPGA: Field Programmable Gate Array
U.S. federal agencies. (Organizations) An integrated circuit containing an array of logic circuits in
FNT: FoNT which the connections between the individual circuits can be
programmed after manufacture, typically at the time of
File name extension
installation (in the field). (Hardware)
FO: Fiber Optic FPI: Floating-Point Interface
FOC: Fiber Optic Cable FPLA: Field Programmable Logic Array
FOCUS: FOrum of Control data USers An array of logic elements. Its interconnections are
programmable after manufacture (Hardware)
FOD: Flexible Optical Disk FPLMTS: Future Public Land Mobile
Telecommunications System
FOD: Fax On Demand
FPLS: Field Programmable Logic Sequencer
FOG: First Osborne Group (Hardware)
FOIP: Fax Over Internet Protocol FPM: Fast Page Mode
(Hardware)
FOIRL: Fiber Optic Inter Repeater Link
FPP: Floating Point Processor
FOLDOC: Free On-Line Dictionary Of
Computing FPP: Fixed Path Protocol

FOMAU: Fiber Optic Media Access Unit FPR: Floating-Point Register

Page 55 of 161
 FPS: Fast Packet Switching FSF: Free Software Foundation
(Organizations)
fps: Frames Per Second
Motion images reproduction speed FSK: Frequency-Shift Keying
(Communication)
FPS: Favorite Picture Selection
FSM: Finite-State Machine
FPT: Forced Perfect Termination
FSN: Full Service Network
FPU: Floating-Point Unit
(Hardware) FSP: Fax Service Provider

FQDN: Fully Qualified Domain Name FSP: File Service Protocol

(Network)
FSR: Full Scale Range
FRAD: Frame Relay
Assembler/Disassembler FSR: Free System Resources
FRAD: Frame Relay Access Device FSS: Fast System Switch

F FRAG: FRAGment FSS: Field Support Service

A group of technical engineers providing short-term assistance
FRAM: Ferroelectric Random-Access
and product knowledge to customers that are deploying,
Memory developing, and maintaining Lotus environments (Lotus)
FRC: Functional Redundancy Checking FST: Flat Square Tube
(Hardware)
FRED: FRame EDitor
FST: Finite State Technology
FRED: FRont-End to Dish (Software)
FRF: Floating point Register File FST: French Summer Time
Timezone: GMT +1:00
FRICC: Federal Research Internet
Coordinating Committee FSTN: Film SuperTwisted Nematic
Now replaced by the Federal Networking Council (FNC).
(Organizations)
FT: Fault Tolerant

FRL: Frame Representation Language FT: Field Test

FRM: Forward Resource Management FTA: Floptical Technology Association

FRPI: Flux Reversals Per Inch FTAM: File Transfer and Access Method

FRR: Functional Recovery Routine FTAM: File Transfer Access and Management
The International Organization for Standardization's Open
FRS: Flexible Route Selection Systems Interconnection (OSI) remote file service and protocol.
(Network)
FRS: File Replication Service
(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
FTC: Federal Trade Commission
(Organizations)
FRS: Family Radio Service
Wireless communication and networking service
FTL: Flash Transition Layer
(Communication) (Intel)

FRU: Field-Replaceable Unit FTM: Flat Tension Mask

An assembly replaced in its entirety when any one of its
components fails. (Hardware)
FTOS: File Transfer Osi Support

FS: Frame Status FTP: Foiled Twisted Pair

FS: File System FTP: File Transfer Protocol

The Internet protocol (and program) used to transfer files
FS: File Separator between hosts. (Network)

FSA: Fluidic Self-Assembly FTPD: File Transfer Protocol Daemon

LCD manufacturing technology (Hardware)
FTR: Full Text Retrieval
FSAG: Free Software Association of
Germany FTS: Fidonet Technical Standard

FSB: Front Side Bus FTS: Full Text Search

(Hardware)
FTS: Federal Telecommunication System
FSCK: File System Consistency checK
FTSC: Fidonet Technical Standard
FSD: File System Driver Conference
(IBM)
FTTC: Fiber To The Curb
FSE: Full Screen Editor

Page 56 of 161
FTX: Fault Tolerant uniX

FUD: Fear, Uncertainty, Doubt

FUI: File Update Information

FVT: Full Video Translation

FW: FirmWare

FWH: Firmware Hub

(Hardware) (Intel)
FWIW: For What It's Worth
(Messages)
FWT: French Winter Time
Timezone: GMT +1:00
FXU: FiXed point Unit

FY: Fiscal Year

F
FY: Financial Year

FYI: For Your Information

(Messages)

Page 57 of 161
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Page 58 of 161
 G
G: Giga GCS: Group Control System
Prefix for 1000 (or 1024) power 3
GDA: Global Directory Agent
G/L: General Ledger
GDA: Global Data Area
G2G: Got To Go
(Messages) GDAP: Government Document Application
Profile
GA: General Availability
GDB: Gnu DeBugger
GAAP: Generally Accepted Accounting
Principles GDBM: Gnu DataBase Manager
GAIA: Gui Application Interoperability GDD: Gesellschaft für Datenschutz und
Architecture Datensicherung
GAIN: German Advanced Integrated GDDM: Graphical Data Display Manager
Network (Software) G
GAL: Generic Array Logic GDG: Generation Data Group
(Hardware) (IBM)
GALPAT: GALlopping PATtern GDI: Graphics Device Interface
Memory test technique (Operating systems) (Microsoft)
GAN: Global Area Network GDLC: Generic Data Link Control
(IBM)
GAP: Generic Access Profile
GDMO: Guidelines for the Definition of
GAPI: Gateway Application Programming Managed Objects
Interface
GDOS: Graphics Device Operating System
GART: Graphic Address Remapping Table
(Hardware) GDP: Graphic Draw Primitive
GATT: Graphics Address Translation Table GDS: General Data Stream
Gb: GigaBit GDS: Global Directory Service
GB: GigaByte GDT: Global Descriptor Table
(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
GBIC: GigaBit Interface Connector
(Network) GDT: Graphics Development Toolkit
Gbps: Giga Bits Per Second GDT: Geometric Dimensioning and
Transfer Speed (Communication) Tolerancing
GBps: Giga Bytes Per Second GE: Greater than or Equal
Transfer Speed (Communication) (Software)
GC: Global Catalog GECOS: General Electric Comprehensive
Active directory's caching system (Operating systems) Operating System
GC: Graphics Context GEIS: General Electric Information Service
The storage of various information for graphics output, such as
foreground pixel, background pixel, line width, clipping region, GEM: Graphics Environment Manager
and so on. (Operating systems) (Software) (Digital Research)
GCA: General Communications Architecture GEM: Global Enterprise Manager
GCC: Gnu C Compiler GENIE: General Electric Network for
(Software) Information Exchange
GCCD: Glass-passivated Ceramic Chip Diode GEO: Geosynchronous Earth Orbit
GCL: Graphics Command Language GEOS: Graphic Environment Operating
System
GCOS: General Comprehensive Operating
System GET: Get Execute Trigger
GCR: Group Coded Recording GFC: Generic Flow Control
(Hardware)
GFI: General Format Identifier
GCRA: Generic Cell Rate Algorithm

Page 59 of 161
 GFI: Ground-Fault Interceptor GMCH: Graphics Memory Controller Hub
(Hardware) (Intel)
GFLOPS: Giga FLoating point Operations
per Second GMI: Generic Management Information
Processing speed
GML: Generalized Markup Language
GFP: Global Functional Plane
GMP: Global Mobile Professional
GFS: Grandfather, Father, Son
Backup methodology GMR: Giant Magneto-Resistive
Hard disk head technology (Hardware)
GFSK: Gaussian Frequency-Shift Keying
GMRAE: Geometric Mean Relative Absolute
GGP: Gateway to Gateway Protocol Error

GHTSTN: Guest Host Technique GMS: Global Messaging Service

SuperTwisted Nematic (Novell)

GHz: GigaHertZ GMS: Global Management System

GI: Gesellschaft für Informatik GMT: Greenwich Mean Time

Also callet UTC
GID: Group IDentifier
G GMTA: Great Minds Think Alike
The number used by the system to control access to accounts
(Messages)
owned by other users. (Operating systems)
GIF: Graphical Interchange Format GNA: Global Network Academy
File format for bitmapped images (CompuServe) GND: GrouND
GIGO: Garbage In, Garbage Out (Hardware)

GII: Global Information Infrastructure GNN: Global Network Navigator

(Network)
GILS: Government Information Locator GNOME: Gnu Network Object Model
Service Environment
GIMP: Gnu Image Manipulation Program GNU: Gnu's Not Unix
Freely distributed piece of software suitable for such tasks as
photo retouching, image composition and image authoring. See GOCA: Graphic Object Content Architecture
www.gimp.org (Software)
GIMPS: Great Internet Mersenne Prime GOD: Global OutDial
Search GOSIP: Government Open Systems
GINA: Graphical Identification aNd Interconnection Profile
Authentication GP: General Purpose
GIOP: General Inter-Orb Protocol
GP: Gas Plasma
Gips: Giga Instructions Per Second
GPC: General-Purpose Computation
GIS: Global Information Solutions
(AT&T)
GPC: Graphics Performance
Characterization
GIS: Geographic Information System
A graphic application using a database of specialized
GPCI: Graphics Processor Command
information, such as geographical and demographic data. Interface
(Software) GPE: Graphics Picture Enhancement
GIX: Global Internet eXchange (Hardware) (Sony)

GKS: Graphical Kernel System GPF: General Protection Fault

Common error in 16-bits Windows (Software) (Microsoft)
An international standard 2-D graphics library consisting of a
set of defined graphic primitives and a tool set for application GPI: Graphics Programming Interface
developers. (Software)
GL: Graphics Language GPIB: General Purpose Interface Bus
(Software) Bus architecture (Hardware)
GLIS: Global Land Information System GPIO: General Purpose Input Output
GLM: General Linear Models GPL: Graphics Programming Language
GLOBE: Global Learning by Observations to GPL: General Public License
Benefit the Environment
GLY: GLossarY GPM: Group Policy Manager
File name extension (Microsoft) (Operating systems)

GM: General Midi GPO: Group Policy Object

(Operating systems)

Page 60 of 161
GPP: Generic Packetized Protocol GT: Greater Than
(Software)
GPR: General-Purpose Register
(Hardware) GTDM: Group Time Division Multiplexing

GPRC: Glass Passivated Rectifier Chip GTE: General Telephone Electronics

GPRS: General Packet Radio Service GTF: Generalized Timing Format

(Communication)
GTG: Got To Go
GPS: Global Positioning System (Messages)
GPS: Global Product Specification GTL: Gunning Transceiver Logic

GPSI: Graphics Processor Software gTLD: Generic Top Level Domain

Interface (Network)
GPSS: General Purpose Simulation System GTO: Guide To Operations
(IBM)
GPU: Graphics Processing Unit
(Hardware) GTP: Geometry Theorem Prover

GPV: General Public Virus GUI: Graphical User Interface

GQL: Graphical Query Language
GRADD: GRaphics Adapter Device Driver
(IBM)
The pictorial point of interaction between you and the computer G
and its special applications, usually with a mouse or other
selection device. (Operating systems)
GUID: Globally Unique IDentifier

GRE: Generic Routing Encapsulation GUIDE: Graphical User Interface Design

(Network) Editor
GRE: GRaphics Engine GUUG: German Unix User Group

GREP: Global Regular Expression Print GVPN: Global Virtual Private Network
(Network)
GRIC: Global Reach Internet Connection
(Communication) GVT: Global Virtual Time

GRINS: GRaphical INterface to Smil GW-BASIC: Gee Whiz Beginners All-

purpose Symbolic Instruction Code
GRP: Group
File name extension GWAPI: Go Webserver Application
Programming Interface
GRUB: GRand Unified Bootloader (Software) (Lotus)
(Operating systems)
GWES: Graphics, Windowing and Events
GS: General Synthesis Subsystem
(Hardware) (Roland) (Operating systems) (Microsoft)
GS: Group Separator GWIA: GroupWare Internet Agent
(Novell)
GSDS: Genealogy Software Distribution
System
GSI: General Server Interface

GSM: Global System for Mobile

communications
(Communication)
GSM: Global Shared Memory

GSNW: Gateway Service for NetWare

(Microsoft)
GSP: Generic Server Passer

GSP: Global Service Provider

GSS: Generic Security Service

GSSAPI: Generic Security Services

Application Programming Interface
(Software)
GSTN: General Switched Telephone Network

GSTS: Ground-based Surveillance and

Tracking System

Page 61 of 161
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Page 62 of 161
 H
H: Header HCU: Home Computer User
File name extension
HD: Hard Disk
H&J: Hyphenation And Justification (Hardware)
(Software)
HD: High Density
H-MUX: Hybrid MUltipleXer
HD-CD: High Definition Compact Disk
H/PC: Hand-held Personal Computer
(Hardware) HD-DVD: High Definition Digital Video (or
Versatile) Disk
H/V: Horizontal/Vertical
(Hardware)
H/W: HardWare HD-ROM: High Density Read Only Memory
(Hardware)
HA: Header Authentication
HDA: Head Disk Assembly
HA: High Availability
HDC: Hard Disk Controller
HACMP: High Availability Cluster Multi-
Processing HDD: Hard Disk Drive
H
(IBM) (Hardware)

HAI: Hardware Accelerator Interface HDF: Hierarchical Data Format

(Hardware)
HDH: Hdlc Distant Host
HAL: Home Automated Living
HDI: Hoops Device Interface
HAL: Hardware Abstraction Layer
HDI: Head to Disk Interference
HAL: Heuristically Programmed Algorithmic
Computer HDL: Hardware Description Language
HAL: Hard Array Logic HDLC: High-level Data-Link Control
(Communication)
HAL: House-programmed Array Logic
HDLP: High-Level Data Link Protocol
HALO: High Altitude Long Operation
Communication aircraft (Communication) HDM: Hardware Device Module
(Hardware)
HAP: Host Access Protocol
HDML: Handheld Device Markup Language
HAS: Home Automation System
HDMOS: High Density Metal Oxide
HASP: Houston Automatic Spooling Priority Semiconductor
HAT: Hashed Address Table HDR: High Dynamic Range

HBA: Host Bus Adapter HDR: HeaDeR

A controller board connecting the I/O expansion bus to the
SCSI subsystem. (Hardware) HDSC: High Density Signal Carrier
(DEC)
HBCI: Home Banking Computer Interface
HDSL: High bit rate Digital Subscriber Line
HBI: Horizontal Blanking Interval (Communication)
(Hardware)
HDSS: Holographic Data Storage System
HCA: Hich-Contrast Addressing
(Hardware) (Sharp) HDT: Hawaii Daylight Time
Timezone: GMT -10:00
HCG: Hardware Compatibility Guide
HDT: Host Digital Terminal
HCL: Host Control Links
HDTV: High-Definition TeleVision
HCL: Hardware Compatibility List (Hardware)

HCSDS: High-Capacity Satellite Digital HDVD: High Definition Volumetric Display

Service
HDW: HarDWare
HCSS: High Capacity Storage System
HDx: Half DupleX
HCTDS: High-Capacity Terrestrial Digital (Communication)
Service

Page 63 of 161
 HEC: Header Error Control HKDD: HKey_Dyn_Data
Windows NT Registry key (Operating systems) (Microsoft)
HEL: Hardware Emulation Layer
HKLM: HKey_Local_Machine
HEPNET: High Energy Physics NETwork Windows NT Registry key (Operating systems) (Microsoft)

HES: Home Entertainment System HKU: HKey_Users

(Hardware) Windows NT Registry key (Operating systems) (Microsoft)

HEX: HEXadecimal HLCO: High Low Close Open

HF: High Frequency HLD: Height, Length, Depth

HFC: Hybrid Fiber-Coaxial HLHSR: Hidden-Line, Hidden-Surface

(Hardware) Removal

HFS: Hierarchical File System HLL: High-Level Language

(Operating systems) (Apple) (Software)

HFT: High Function Terminal HLLAPI: High-Level Language Application

(IBM) Programming Interface
(Software)
HFT: Host Function Table
(Software) HLP: HeLP
File name extension
HGA: Hercules Graphics Adapter
H HLQ: High Level Qualifier
HGC: Hercules Graphics Card
(Hardware) HLR: Home Location Register

HGCP: Hercules Graphics Card Plus HLS: Hue, Luminance, Saturation

Color model
HGML: Hypertext General Markup Language
HLT: HaLT
HIC: Hybrid Integrated Circuit
HMA: High Memory Area
HID: Human Interface Device Method to access the first 64kB segment above the 1MB
(Hardware) boundary in DOS/Windows 16-bits (Microsoft)

HID: High-Intensity Discharge HMA: Hub Management Architecture

Light bulb technology used mainly in projectors (Hardware)
HMC: Highspeed Memory Controller
HIF: Hyper-g Interchange Format
File name extension HMD: Head Mounted Display
HiFD: HIgh-capacity Floppy Disk HMI: Html Mail Interface
(Hardware) (Sony) (Microsoft)
HIFI: Hypertext Interface For Information HMI: Host Micro Interface
(CompuServe)
HIL: Human Interface Link
(HP) HMM: Hidden Markov Model
HIMEM: HIgh MEMory HMMP: HyperMedia Management Protocol
HIP: Hardware Instrumentation Package HMMU: Hardware Memory Management Unit
(Hardware) (Hardware)
HIPERLAN: HIgh-PErformance Radio Local HMOS: High performance Metal Oxide
Area Network Semiconductor
(Network)
HMP: Host Monitoring Protocol
HIPPI: HIgh Performance Parallel Interface
(Hardware) HNET: Holographic NEural Technology
HIRD: Hurd of Interfaces Representing HO-DSP: Higher Order Domain-Specific Part
Depth (Network)
(Operating systems) (GNU)
HOB: High-Order Byte
HJB: HotJava Browser
(Sun) HOL: High Order Language
HKCC: HKey_Current_Config HOLAP: Hybrid On-Line OnLine Analytical
Windows NT Registry key (Operating systems) (Microsoft) Processing
HKCR: HKey_Classes_Root HOOPS: Hierachical Object Orientated
Windows NT Registry key (Operating systems) (Microsoft) Picture System
HKCU: HKey_Current_User HOPS: HOst Proximity Service
Windows NT Registry key (Operating systems) (Microsoft)

Page 64 of 161
HOTT: Hot Off The Tree HPW: High Performance Workstation
Electronic newsletter (Sun)
HOTW: Hot Off The Web HQ: HeadQuarter
Web organizer (Software)
HR: Human Resource
HOV: High Occupancy Vehicle
HR: High-Rate
HP: Hewlett-Packard IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN access method (Communication)
HP-IB: Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus HRC: Hybrid Ring Control
(Hardware) (HP)
HRG: High Resolution Graphics
HP-VUE: Hewlett-Packard Visual User
Environment HRIS: Human Resource Information System
HP/UX: Hewlett-Packard UniX HRMS: Human Resource Management
(Operating systems) (HP) System
HPA: High Performance Addressing HRTF: Head-Related Transfer Function
HPAS: Hypermedia Presentation and HS: High Speed
Authoring System
HSB: Hue, Saturation, Brightness
HPB: High Ping Bastard
Color model
Network multiplayer games attribute (Software)
HPC: High-Performance Computing
HSC: High Speed Channel H
HSC: Hierarchical Storage Controller
HPCC: High-Performance Computing and
Communications HSCSD: High-Speed Circuit-Switched Data
HPDJ: Hewlett-Packard Desk Jet of the Global System for Mobile (GSM) (Communication)

HPF: High Performance Fortran HSFS: High Sierra File System

(Operating systems)
HPFS: High Performance File System HSI: High Speed Interface
(Operating systems) (IBM)
HPG: Hewlett-Packard Graphics HSI: Hue, Saturation, Intensity
Color model
HPGL: Hewlett-Packard Graphics Language HSL: Hue, Saturation, Luminance
Language to describe vector graphics (usually for plotters) Color model (Hardware)
(Software) (HP)
HSLAN: High Speed Local Area Network
HPLJ: Hewlett-Packard Laser Jet
HSLN: High Speed Local Network
HPLT: High Productivity Languages/Tools
HSM: Hierarchical Storage Management
HPNA: Home Phoneline Networking Alliance
(Organizations) HSM: Hitachi System Manager
HPOFS: High Performance Optical File
HSMOS: High Speed Metal Oxide
System
Semiconductor
HPOM: Home Page Object Model
HSP: High Speed Printer
(Microsoft)
HPPA: Hewlett-Packard Precision HSR: Horizontal Scan Rate
Architecture (Hardware)

HPPCL: Hewlett-Packard Printer Control HSSDS: High Speed Switched Digital Service
Language
HSSI: High Speed Serial Interface
HPPE: High Performance Processing
Element HST: High Speed Technology
(Hardware) (3Com)

HPPI: High-Performance Peripheral HST: HoST

Interface
HST: Hawaii Standard Time
HPR: High Performance Routing Timezone: GMT -10:00
(IBM)
HST: Hawaii Standard Time
HPSA: High Parallel System Architecture Timezone: GMT -10:00
(Hardware)
HST: HiSTory
HPSB: High-Performance Serial Bus
Also known as FireWire (Hardware) HSV: Hue, Saturation, Value
HPUX: Hewlett-Packard UniX

Page 65 of 161
 HSYNC: Horizontal SYNChronization
(Hardware)
HT: Horizontal Tab

HTA: HyperText Application

(Network)
HTDM: Hybrid Time Division Multiplexing

HTL: High Threshold Logic

(Hardware)
HTML: HyperText Markup Language
A file format, based on SGML, for hypertext documents on the
Internet. It is simple and enables the embedding of images,
sounds, video streams, form fields, and basic text formatting.
HTTP: HyperText Transport (or Transfer)
Protocol
The Internet protocol that fetches hypertext objects from remote
hosts. It is based on TCP/IP. (Communication)
HTTP-NG: HyperText Transfer Protocol Next
Generation
H HTTPD: HyperText Transfer Protocol
Daemon
HTTPNG: HyperText Transfer Protocol Next
Generation
HUD: Heads Up Display

HURD: Hird of Unix-Replacing Daemons

(Operating systems) (GNU)
HUT: Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope

HVC: Hue, Value, Chroma

HVP: Horizontal and Vertical Position

HVS: Human Visual System

HW: HardWare

HWCP: HardWare Code Page

HWD: Height, Width, Depth

HWIH: Here's What I Have

(Messages)
HYTEA: HYperText Environment for
Authoring
Hz: HertZ
Frequency measurement unit

Page 66 of 161
 I
i-FED: Intelligent Field Emitting Display IASS: Internet Alphaserver System
(Hardware) Software
(DEC)
I-WAY: Information highWAY
IAT: Information Access Technology
I/F: InterFace
IAT: Internet Appliance Toolkit
I/O: Input/Output (Network) (QNX)
The equipment used to communicate with a computer, the data
involved in that communication, the media carrying the data, IAT: Import Address Table
and the process of communicating that information (Operating systems) (Microsoft)

I2-DSI: Internet2 Distributed Storage IAUG: International Aix User Group

Infrastructure
IAUP: Internet User Account Provider
I2O: Intelligent Input Output
IAYF: Information At Your Fingertips
I4DL: Interface, Inheritance,
Implementation, Installation Definition IB: Interface Builder
Language (Software) (Apple)

IA: Intel Architecture IBC: Instrument Bus Computer

(Hardware) (Intel)
iBCS: Intel Binary Compatibility
I
IA: Information Appliance Specification
(Hardware)
IBIP: Information Based Indicia Program
IA: Illustrated Audio Bar code postage system
Sound file format
IBM: International Business Machines
IAB: Internet Activities Board
The group that administrates the development of the Internet IBM-GL: International Business Machines
suite of protocols (TCP/IP). The IAB has two investigative task Graphics Language
forces, the IRTF and the IETF. (Organizations)
IBN: Integrated Business Network
IAC: Internet Application Component
(Software) IBOC: In-Band, On-Channel
IAC: InterApplication Communication IC: Integrated Circuit
(Apple) (Hardware)
IAG: Instruction Address Generation IC: Interrupt Controller
IAHC: Internet Ad Hoc Committee IC: Input Circuit
(Organizations)
IC: Internet Connector
IAK: Internet Access Kit
(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
(IBM)
IC: Input Context
IAL: Intel Architecture Lab
An abstraction for representing the state of a particular input
(Intel) thread for use with an input method. Multiple ICs can be
IAL: International Algebraic Language associated with an input method.
ALGOL was first called IAL ICA: Intelligent Communication Adapter
IAM: Internet Answering Machine ICA: Independent Computing Architecture
(Software)
IANA: Internet Assigned Numbers Authority ICA: Intelligent Console Architecture

IANW: International Academic ICA: Intra-application Communications Area

NetWorkshops ICALP: International Conference on
IAP: Internet Access Provider Automata, Languages and Programming

IAS: Interactive Application System ICAN: Individual Customer Access Network

IAS: Internet Authentication Service ICANN: Internet Corporation for Assigned

Names and Numbers
IAS: Information Access Service (Organizations)

IAS: Internet Access Server ICAP: Internet Calendar Access Protocol

(Network) (Lotus)

Page 67 of 161
 ICAPI: Internet Connection server ICO: ICOn
Application Programming Interface File name extension
(Software) (IBM)
iCOMP: Intel COmparative Microprocessor
ICAS: Intel Communicating Applications Performance
Specifications (Intel)
ICB: Internet Citizen's Band ICP: Independent Content Provider
(Network)
ICC: Intelligent Communications Control
ICP: Internet Control Pack
ICC: International Color Consortium (Network) (Microsoft)
(Organizations)
ICP: Internet Caching Protocol
ICCC: InterClient Communication (Network)
Convention
ICP: Image CoProcessor
ICCCM: Inter-Client Communication (Hardware)
Conventions Manual
ICP: Integrated Channel Processor
The document that describes the conventions for the
communication between X clients. This includes such ICQ: I Seek You
conventions as client-to-client, client-to-window manager, client-
to-session manager, and color characterization communication. Communication program (Software)
(Operating systems) ICR: Intelligent Character Recognition
ICCP: Institute for the Certification of
iCRT: Intelligent Content Recognition
Computing Professionals
Technology
ICCS: Integrated Communications Cabling
I ICS: Ibm Cabling System
System
ICD: International Code Designator ICS: Integrated Client Setup

ICD: Installable Client Driver ICS: Iris Certificate Security

ICDA: Integrated Cached Disk Array ICS: Internet Conferencing System

(Network)
ICE: Information and Content Exchange
ICS: Internet Caching System
ICE: In-Circuit Emulation (Network)
(Hardware) ICS: Intuitive Command Structure
ICE: Integrated Computing Environment
ICS: Internet Connection Sharing
ICES: Interference-Causing Equipment (Network) (Microsoft)
Standard ICSA: Internet Cellular Smart Access
ICF: Interactive Communication Facility
ICSA: International Computer Security
(IBM)
Association
ICH: I/o Controller Hub (Organizations)
(Hardware) (Intel)
ICSAPI: Internet Connection Services
ICI: Image Component Information Application Programming Interface
ICL: Industrial Code and Logic ICSC: Intelligent Channel/Storage Control
Manufacturer
ICSW: Internet Connection Sharing Wizard
ICL: Interface Clear (Network) (Microsoft)

ICLID: Incoming Call Line IDentification ICU: Interactive Chart Utility

ICM: Image Color Matching ICU: Internet Communication Utilities

(Kodak) (Communication)

ICM: Image Color Management ICU: Intel Configuration Utility

(Software) (Microsoft)

ICM: InComing Message ICU: Isa Configuration Utility

ICM: Internet Call Manager ICU: Instruction-Cache Unit

ICMC: International Computer Music ICW: Internet Connection Wizard

Conference (Software) (Microsoft)

ICMP: Internet Control Message Protocol ID: IDentifier

The protocol used that handles errors and control messages at
the Internet Protocol layer. For example, the ping command is IDA: Intelligent Drive Array
an implementation of the ICMP. ICMP occurs on the IP (Hardware)
(network) level of the TCP/IP protocol suite. (Communication)

Page 68 of 161
IDA: Inernational Database Association
(Organizations)
IDA: Integrated Digital Access
IDAPI: Independent Database Application
Programming Interface
(Software) (Inprise)
IDAS: Interchange DAta Structure
IDBMS: Integrated DataBase Management
System
(Databases)
IDC: Inter-Device Communication
IDC: Internet Database Connector
(Network) (Microsoft)
IDC: International Data Corporation
IDC: Integrated Desktop Connector
iDCT: Inverse Discrete Cosine Transform
IDDD: International Distance Direct Dialing
(Communication)
IDDE: Integrated Development &
Debugging Environment
(Symantec)
IDE: Integrated Drive Electronics
Bus architecture (Hardware)
IDE: Integrated Development Environment
(Software)
IDE: Interface Design Enhancement
IDE: Interactive Design and Engineering
IDEA: Internet Design, Engineering, and
Analysis notes
IDEA: International Data Encryption
Algorithm
IDF: Intermediate Distribution Frame
IDI: Initial Domain Identifier
(Network)
IDIV: Integer DIVide
IDL: Interactive Data Language
IDL: Interface Definition Language
IDLE: International Date Line East
Timezone: GMT +12:00
IDLW: International Date Line West
Timezone: GMT -12:00
IDM: Integrated Document Management
IDMS: Integrated Database Management
System
IDNX: Integrated Digital Network eXchange
(IBM)
IDP: Internet Datagram Protocol
IDP: Integrated Data Processing
IDR: Intelligent Document Recognition
IDR: Intelligent Disaster Recovery
(Seagate)
IDRAM: Integrated Dynamic Random
Access Memory
(Hardware)
IDRC: Improved Data Recording Capacity
(Hardware)
IDS: Internal Directory System
IDS: Information Delivery System
IDSL: Isdn Digital Subscriber Line
(Communication)
IDT: Integrated Device Technologies
(IDT)
IDT: Interface Design Tool
IDT: Interrupt Descriptor Table
IDU: Interface Data Unit
IDUG: International Db2 Users Group
(Databases) (IBM)
IDUP-GSS-API: Independent Data Unit I
Protection Generic Security Service
Application Programming Interface
IDVC: Integrated Data/Voice Channel
IDX: InDeX
File name extension
IE: Information Engineering
IE: Information Element
IE: Internet Explorer
(Software) (Microsoft)
IEAK: Internet Explorer Administrator Kit
(Software) (Microsoft)
IEC: International Electrotechnical
Commission
(Organizations)
IEC: InterExchange Carrier
IEE: Institute of Electrical Engineers
IEEE: Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers
(Organizations)
IEF: Information Engineering Facility
IEMSI: Interactive Electronic Mail Standard
Identification
IEN: Internet Experiment Notebook
IEN: Internet Engineering Notes
IESG: Internet Engineering Steering Group
The executive committee of the IETF (Organizations)
IETF: Internet Engineering Task Force
An engineering and protocol standards body that develops and
specifies protocols and Internet standards, generally in the
network layer and above. See www.ietf.org (Organizations)
IETFWG: Internet Engineering Task Force
Working Group
Page 69 of 161
 IEW: Information Engineering Workbench IGS: Internet Go Server

IF: Information Flow IHD: Integrated Help Desk

(IBM)
IFC: Internet Foundation Classes
(Software) IHV: Independent Hardware Vendor
A third-party hardware manufacturer (Hardware)
IFCM: Independent Flow Control Messages
IIF: Immediate InterFace
IFD: Information Flow Diagram
III: Interstate Identification Index
IFD: Image File Directory
IIIR: Integration of Internet Information
IFF: Interchange File Format Resources

IFG: Incoming Fax Gateway IIL: Integrated Injection Logic

IFIP: International Federation of IIN: Integrated Information Network

Information Processing societies
IIOP: Internet Interoperable Orb Protocol
IFMP: Ipsilon Flow Management Protocol (Communication)

IFNA: International FidoNet Association IIR: Immediate Impulse Response

IFP: Instruction Fetch Pipeline IIS: Internet Information Server

(Network) (Microsoft)
IFPI: International Federation of
IISP: Interim Inter-switch Signaling
Phonographic Industry
Protocol
I (Organizations)
IITF: Information Infrastructure Task Force
IFR: Interleaved Frame Recording
IJCAI: International Joint Conference on
IFS: Internal Field Seperator
Artificial Intelligence
IFS: Intelligent Fax System IK: Inverse Kinematics
IFS: Internet File System IKBS: Intelligent Knowledge Based System
(Operating systems)
IKE: Internet Key Exchange
IFS: Installable File System
(Operating systems) IKMP: Internet Key Management Protocol
IFSM: InFormation Systems Management (Network)
IKP: Internet Keyed Payment
IFSMgr: Installable File System ManaGeR
(Operating systems) ILA: Image Light Amplifier
IFT: Inverse fast Fourier Transform ILE: Integrated Language Environment
IGA: Integrated Graphics Array (Software) (IBM)
ILEC: Incumbent Long Exchange Carrier
IGC: Institute for Global Communications
Also known as primary long exchange carrier (Communication)
IGC: Integrated Graphics Controller ILLINET: ILlinois LIbrary NETwork
IGES: Initial Graphics Exchange ILMI: Interim Local Management Interface
Specification
File format for graphics interchange ILP: Instruction-Level Parallelism
CPU architecture
IGFET: Insulated-Gate Field Effect
Transistor ILS: Instrument Landing System
IGFOS: International Government Forum ILS: Internet Locator Service
for Open Systems
(Organizations) ILS: International Language Support
IGMP: Internet Group Management Protocol IM: Interface Module
IGN: Ibm Global Network IM: Instant Messaging
IGP: Interior Gateway Protocol IM: Input Method
The protocol that enables the exchange or routing information The algorithm by which users enter the text of a language. Input
between collaborating routers on the Internet. Examples of methods differ for each language, depending on that
IGPs include Routing Information Protocol (RIP) and Open language’s structure and conventions
Shortest Path First (OSPF)
IMA: Interactive Multimedia Association
IGRP: Interior Gateway Routing Protocol
(Cisco) IMA: International Midi Association

Page 70 of 161
IMAC: Isochronous Media Access Control IN: Individual Network

IMACS: Image Management and IN: INput

Communication System
INA: Intelligent Network Architecture
IMAP: Internet Message Access Protocol
(Network) INAP: Intelligent Network Application
Protocol
IMC: Internet Mail Connector
(Software) (Microsoft) INC: INCrement
IMC: Internet Message Center INCM: Intelligent Network Conceptual
(Network) Model
IMDS: IMage Data Stream IND: INDex
(IBM) File name extension
IME: Input Method Editor INET: International NETworking conference
IMF: International Monetary Fund INF: INFormation
(Organizations) File name extension
IMG: IMaGe INFS: Internet Network File System
File name extension
INGRES: INteractive Graphic REtrieval
IMHO: In My Humble Opinion
System
(Messages)
INI: INItialization
IML: Initial Microcode Load
File name extension
(IBM) I
INIT: INITialize
IMM: Intel Mobile Module
(Hardware) (Intel) INL: Inter Node Link
IMM: Input Method Manager
INM: International Neural Machines
IMO: Intenet Mail Only
INM: Integrated Network Management
Microsoft Outlook version (Software) (Microsoft)
IMP: Interface Message Processor INN: Inter Node Network
(Hardware)
INN: InterNet News
IMP: Input Method Profiler (Network)

IMPA: Intelligent Multi-Port Adapter INND: InterNet News Daemon

(Network)
IMPP: Instant Messaging and Presence
INOC: Internet Network Operations Center
Protocol
IMR: Internet Monthly Report INP: Instant Network Presence
(Network)
IMS: Internet Mail Server
INRIA: Institut National de Recherche en
(Sun)
Informatique et Automatique
IMS: Information Management System
INS: INput String
(IBM)
IMS: Intermediate Maintenance Standard INS: Integrated Network Server

IMS: Instructional Management System INT: INTeger

IMS: Image Management Services INT: INTernal

IMSO: Integrated Micro Systems Operation INT: INTerrupt

IMSP: Internet Message Support Protocol
(Network)
IMSVS: Information Management
System/Virtual Storage
IMTC: International Multimedia
Teleconferencing Consortium
IMTV: Interactive Multimedia TeleVision
IMUL: Integer MULtiply
IMUX: Inverse MUltipleXer
(Software) (Intel)
INT: INTernational
organization Domain name
INTA: INTerrupt Acknowledge
INTAP: Interoperability Technology
Association for Information Processing
The technical organization that officially develops Japanese OSI
profiles and conformance tests (Organizations)
INTEL: INTegrated ELectronics
(Intel)
InterNIC: INTERnet Network Information
Center

Page 71 of 161
 INTO: INTerrupt if Overflow occurs IPCS: Interactive Problem Control System

IO: Input/Output IPCS: Integrated Personal Computer Server

(Hardware)
IO: Internal Objects
(Software) (Microsoft) IPD: Intelligent Printer Data

IOC: Input/Output Controller IPDS: Ibm Personal Dictation System

(IBM)
IOC: Inter-Office Channel
IPDS: Intelligent Printer Data Stream
IOCC: Input/Output Controller Chip (IBM)

IOCC: Input/Output Channel Converter IPDU: Internet Protocol Data Unit

IOCCC: International Obfuscated C Code IPDVMRP: Internet Protocol Distance

Contest Vector Multicast Routing Protocol

IOCP: Inter-Orb Communication Protocol IPE: Integrated Programming Environment

(Communication)
IPF: Information Presentation Facility
IOCS: Input/Output Control System
IPFC: Information Presentation Facility
IOCtl: Input/Output ConTroL Compiler
(IBM)
IONL: Internal Organization of the Network
Layer IPI: Internet Policy Institute
The ISO/OSI standard for the architecture of the network layer. (Organizations)
I The IONL divides the network layer into subnetworks IPI: Intelligent Peripheral Interface
interconnected by convergence protocols (internetworking
A device-generic interface used for large-capacity, high-
protocols), resulting in a catenet or internet (Organizations)
performance disks. The IPI supports disk transfer rates at
IOP: Input/Output Processor 3Mbyte/sec and above (Hardware)
(Hardware) IPL: Initial Program Load
IOPL: Input/Output Privilege Level Boot program (Software)

IOR: Interoperable Object Reference IPL: Information Programming Language

IOS: InterOrganizational System IPL: Ion Projection Lithography

IOS: Input/Output System ipm: Interruptions Per Minute

IOS: Internet Operating System ipm: Instructions Per Minute

(Operating systems) IPM: InterPersonal Message
IOSGA: Input/Output Support Gate Array
IPM: Internet Protection Module
IOUG: International Oracle Users Group (Network)

IP: Intelligent Peripheral IPM: Intelligent Power Module

(Hardware)
IP: Information Provider IPM: Images Per Minute
IP: Internet Protocol IPMI: Intelligent Platform Management
The major network layer protocol in the Internet Protocol suite. Interface
IP describes the routing of packets, among its many tasks
(Hardware)
(Network)
IP: Instruction Pointer IPMI: Internet Protocol Multicast Initiative
(Network)
CPU register (Hardware) (Intel)
IP: Intellectual Property IPNG: Internet Protocol Next Generation
(Network)
IPBF: Installed Peripheral Base Flexibility IPO: International Purchasing Office
IPC: InterProcess Communication IPO: Initial Public Offering
The process of sharing data between processes and, when
necessary, coordinating access to the shared data (Operating IPO: Input, Processing and Output
systems)
IPC: Instructions Per Clock IPP: Internet Printing Protocol
(Network)
IPCE: InterProcess Communication IPS: Information Processing Standards
Environment
IPCP: Internet Protocol Control Protocol IPS: In-Plane Switching
(Network) (Hardware)

Page 72 of 161
ips: Inches Per Second IRS: Internal Revenue Service
(Hardware)
IRSG: Internet Research Steering Group
IPSE: Integrated Project Support
Environment IRTF: Internet Research Task Force
The task force of the Internet Activities Board that addresses
IPSec: Internet Protocol SECurity
research and development of the Internet Protocol suite
A set of protocols that give greater IP-level security to data (Organizations)
packets transmitted over Virtual Private Networks
IRTOS: I2o Real Time Operating System
IPTC: International Press
(Operating systems)
Telecommunications Council
IRTP: Internet Reliable Transaction Protocol
IPv: Internet Protocol, Version
(Communication) IRX: Information Retrieval eXperiment
IPX: Internetwork Packet eXchange
IS: Information System
(Network) (Novell)
IPX/SPX: Internet Packet IS: Interrupt Status
eXchange/Sequenced Packet eXchange
IS-IS: Intermediate-System to
IPXODI: Internet Packet eXchange Open Intermediate-System
Datalink Interface The ISO/OSI protocol by which intermediate systems exchange
routing information
IQL: Interactive Query Language
ISA: Interactive Services Association
IR: Interface Repository
ISA: Industry Standard Architecture
IR: Instruction Register PC bus architecture (Hardware) I
(Hardware)
ISA: Internet Server Application
IR: InfraRed (Software)

IRAM: Intelligent Random Access Memory ISA: Instruction-Set Architecture

(Hardware)
ISAKMP: Internet Security Association Key
IRC: Interrupt Request Controller Management Protocol
(Hardware) (Network)
IRC: Internet Relay Chat ISAM: Indexed Sequential Access Method
(Network)
ISAPI: Internet Server Application
IRD: Integrated Receiver/Descrambler
Programming Interface
IrDA: InfraRed Data Association (Software) (Microsoft)
(Organizations) ISBN: International Standard Book Number
IRDS: Information Resource Dictionary
ISC: Internet Service Center
System
IRET: Interrupt RETurn ISC: Inter-System Communication
(IBM)
IRF: Interger Register File
ISC: Instruction Set Computer
IRF: Inheritance Rights Filter
ISCA: International Computing Security
(Novell)
Association
IRF: Intermediate Routing Function (Organizations)

IRL: Inter-Repeater Link ISD: Instructional Systems Design

IRL: Interactive Reader Language ISD: Image Section Descriptor

IrLAN: InfraRed Local Area Network
IrLAP: InfraRed Link Access Protocol
(Communication)
IRLED: InfraRed Light Emitting Diode
IrLMP: InfraRed Link Management Protocol
(Communication)
IRM: Information Resource Management
IRM: Inherent Rights Mask
IRQ: Interrupt ReQuest
A signal that a device requires CPU attention (Hardware)
ISDN: Integrated Services Digital Network
A communications technology offered by telephone carriers
worldwide. ISDN combines voice anddigital network services in
a single medium, offering customers digital data services and
voice connections through a single wire (Communication)
ISDN-UP: Integrated Services Digital
Network User Part
ISE: Integrated Software Engineering
(ISE)
ISFUG: Integrated Software Federal User
Group
ISH: Information Super Highway

Page 73 of 161
 ISI: Information Sciences Institute ISQL: Interactive Structured Query
Language
ISI: Internally Specified Index
ISR: Interrupt Status Register
ISIS: Image and Scanner Interface
Standard ISR: Interrupt Service Routine
(Operating systems)
ISIS: Integrated Systems and Information
Services ISR: Information Storage and Retrieval

ISKM: Internet Starter Kit for the Macintosh ISS: Internet Security System
(Network)
ISL: Interactive System Language
ISSCC: International Solid State Circuits
ISLM: Integrated Services Line Module Conference

ISLN: Integrated Services Local Network ISSN: Integrated Special Services Network

ISLU: Integrated Services Line Unit ISSN: International Standard Serial Number

ISM: Industrial, Scientific, Medical IST: Immerse System Technology

Radio frequency band (Communication)
IST: Initial System Test
ISM: Integrated Switch Module
(Hardware) IST: Intelligent Scanning Technology

ISM: Integrated Service Module ISUP: Integrated Services User Part

(Hardware)
ISV: Independent Software Vendor
I ISM: Internet Service Manager A third-party software developer (Software)
(Microsoft)
IT: Information Technology
ISMF: Interactive Storage Management
Facility ITA: Interim Type Approval
ISN: Internet Shopping Network ITAA: Information Technology Association
of America
ISN: Information Systems Network
(Organizations)
ISN: Internet Services Network ITB: Information Technology Branch
ISN-LAN: Information System Network- ITB: Intermediate Text Block
Local Area Network
ISO: Independent System Operator ITC: International Typeface Corporation

ISO: International Standards Organization ITDI: Information Technology Pioneer

An international standards body that reviews and approves
independently designed products for use within specific
industries. ISO also develops standards for information
exchange, such as the ISO/OSI model for computer networks
(Organizations)
ISO/OSI: International Standardization
Organization/Open Systems
Interconnection
ISOC: the Internet SOCiety
ISOC: Internet SOCiety
ISODE: International Standardization
Organization Development Environment
ISP: Integrated System Peripheral control
ISP: Interactive String Processor
ISP: Interrupt Status Port
ISP: Interrupt Stack Pointer
ISP: Internet Service Provider
Communications service company that provides Internet
access and services to its customers. ISPs range in size from
small independents serving a local calling area to large,
established telecommunications companies (Network)
ISPF: Interactive System Programming
Facility
International
ITE: Information Technology Equipment
ITF: Interactive Test Facility
ITLB: Instruction Tanslation Look-aside
Buffer
ITM: Information Technology Management
ITMS: Immediate check Truth Maintenance
System
ITN: Internet Travel Network
ITN: Identification Tasking and Networking
ITP: Information Technology Project
ITR: Internet Talk Radio
ITS: Incompatible Time-sharing System
ITS: Intelligent Transportation System
ITSEC: Information Technology Security
Evaluation Criteria
ITSO: International Technical Support
Organization
(IBM)

Page 74 of 161
ITU: International Telecommunications IXC: IntereXchange Carrier
Union (Communication)
International organization under the auspices of the United
Nations that develops radio (ITU-R) and telecommunications
IXF: Integration eXchange Format
(ITU-T) standards. Prior to 1993, the ITU-T Standardization (IBM)
Sector was known as the CCITT (Organizations)
ITU-T: International Telecommunications
Union Technical standards group
ITU-TIES: International
Telecommunications Union -Telecom
Information Exchange Services
ITU-TSS: International
Telecommunications Union -
Telecommunication Standards Section
ITUG: International Telecommunications
User Group
ITUSA: Information Technology Users
Standards Association
ITV: Interactive TeleVision

ITX: Intermediate Text Block

IU: Integer Unit

I
IUAP: Internet User Account Provider

IUAP: Internet User Account Provider

IUMA: Internet Underground Music Archive

IUS/ITB: Interchange Unit

Separator/Intermediate Transmission Block
IV: Initialisation Vector

IV&V: Independent Verification & Validation

IVC: Integrated Visual Computing

(SGI)
IVDS: Integrated Voice and Data Systems

IVDT: Integrated Voice/Data Terminal

IVIS: Interactive Video Information System

IVIT: Intelligent Voice Interactive

Technology
IVL: Independent Vendor League

IVL: Intel Verification Lab

IVR: Interactive Voice Response

IVS: Interactive Videodisk System

IVT: InfoViewer Titles

(Microsoft)
IVT: Interrupt Vector Table

IVTS: International Video Teleconferencing

Service
IW: Information Warehouse

IWC: Inside Wire Cable

IWF: InterWorking Function

IWS: Intelligent WorkStation

Page 75 of 161
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Page 76 of 161
 J
J/K: Just Kidding JE: Jump if Equal
(Messages)
JEDEC: Joint Electronic Devices Engineering
J2EE: Java 2 platform, Enterprise Edition Council
(Software) (Sun)
JEIDA: Japanese Electronics Industry
J2ME: Java 2 platform, Micro Edition Development Association
(Software) (Sun)
JEPI: Joint Electronic Payment Initiative
J2SE: Java 2 platform, Standard Edition
(Software) (Sun) JES: Job Entry System
JA: Jump Address JET: Joint Engine Technology
(Databases) (Microsoft)
JA: Jump if Above
JFC: Java Foundation Classes
JAAS: Java Authentication and (Software)
Authorization Service
JFET: Junction Field Effect Transistor
(Software) (Sun)
JAD: Joint Application Development JFIF: Jpeg File Interchange Format

JADE: Jasmine Application Development JFS: Journalized File System

Environment
(Databases) (CAI)
JAE: Jump if Above or Equal
JAF: Javabeans Activation Framework
(Sun)
JANET: Joint Academic NETwork
A U.K. university network (Network)
JAR: Java Archive
JAWS: Jamming And Warning System
(Hardware)
JBCL: Java Beans Component Library
(Software)
JBE: Jump if Below or Equal
JBOD: Just a Bunch Of Disks
(Hardware)
JBPC: Java-Based Pipeline Configurator
JC: Jump if Carry set
JCE: Java Cryptography Extension
(Software) (Sun)
JCL: Job Control Language
(Software)
JCP: Java Community Process
JCT: Joint Technical Committee
(Organizations)
JDBC: Java DataBase Connectivity
(Databases)
JDC: Java Developer Connection
(Sun)
JDI: Java Driver Interface
JDJ: Java Developer's Journal
JDK: Java Development Kit
(Software) (Sun)
(Operating systems)
JG: Jump if Greater
J
JGE: Jump if Greater or Equal
JGF: Java Graphics Format
JIPS: Janet Internet Protocol Service
JIS: Japan Industrial Standard
JISC: Japanese Industrial Standards
Committee
JIT: Just In Time
JITC: Just In Time Compiler
JL: Jump if Less
JLE: Japanese Language Environment
JLE: Jump if Less than or Equal to
JLIP: Joint Level Interface Protocol
JMAPI: Java Management Application
Programming Interface
(Sun)
JMF: Java Media Framework
(Software) (Sun)
JMP: JuMP
JMS: Java Message Service
JMSC: Japanese Midi Standard Committee
JMX: Java Management eXtension
Formerly known as LMAPI (Sun)
JNA: Jump if Not Above
JNAE: Jump if Not Above or Equal
JNB: Jump if Not Below
JNBE: Jump if Not Below or Equal

Page 77 of 161
 JNDI: Java Naming and Directory Interface JSP: Java Service Pages
(Sun) (Software)
JNG: Jump if Not Greater JSS: Javascript Style Sheet

JNGE: Jump if Not Greater or Equal JSSE: Java Secure Socket Extension
(Software) (Sun)
JNI: Java Native Interface
(Sun) JST: Japan Standard Time
Timezone: GMT +9:00
JNLE: Jump if Not Less or Equal
JSWDK: JavaServer Web Development Kit
JNO: Jump if No Overflow (Software) (Sun)

JNP: Jump if No Parity JTA: Java Transaction Api

(Sun)
JNS: Jump if No Sign
JTAPI: Java Telephony Application
JNZ: Jump if Not Zero Programming Interface
(Sun)
JOE: Java Objects Everywhere
JTB: Jump Trace Buffer
JOHNNIAC: JOHn Neumann Integrator and
JTC: Joint Technical Committee
Automatic Computer
JOOP: Journal of Object Orientated JTM: Job Transfer and Manipulation
Programming
JTMS: Justification based Truth
JOSS: Joint Object Services Submission Maintenance System

JOSS: Johnniac Open Shop System JTS: Java Transaction Service

J JOVE: Jonathan's Own Version of Emacs JUGHEAD: Jonzy's Universal Gopher
Hierarchy Excavation And Display
JOVIAL: Jules Own Version of the
JUNET: Japan Unix NETwork
International Algorithmic Language
JPE: Jump if Parity Even JVM: Java Virtual Machine

JPEG: Joint Photographic Experts Group JVMDI: Java Virtual Machine Debugger
A joint venture of the CCITT and ISO that developed a standard Interface
for compressing gray-scale or color still images JVMPI: Java Virtual Machine Profiler
JPL: Jet Propulsion Laboratory Interface
JVS: Java Validation Suite
JPLDIS: Jet Propulsion Laboratory Display
(Software)
Information System
JPO: Jump if Parity Odd JWS: Java Web Server
(Sun)
JRB: Java Relational Binding JZ: Jump if Zero
(Software)
JRE: Java Runtime Environment
(Software)
JRI: Java Runtime Interface
Native interface proposed by Netscape (Software) (Netscape)
JRMP: Java Remote Method Protocol
(Software)
JRP: Joint Requirement Planning

JS: Jump if Sign

JS: JavaScript
(Software) (Netscape)
JSA: Japanese Standards Association

JSC: Java Swing Connection

(Sun)
JSCP: Java Software CoProcessor

JSDK: Java Servlet Development Kit

(Software)

Page 78 of 161
 K
k: Kilo KJS: Kiva Java Server
Prefix for 1000 or 1024 (Software) (Netscape)

KAM: Keep Alive Memory KNI: Katmai New Instruction

(Intel)
KAS: Kiva Administrative Server
(Software) (Netscape)
KPCMS: Kodak Precision Color Management
System
kb: KiloBit (Software) (Kodak)

KB: Knowledge Base KPDL: Kyocera Page Description Language

(Hardware)
kB: KiloByte
KPI: Kernel Programming Interface
KB: KeyBoard
KQML: Knowledge Query and Manipulation
(Hardware)
Language
KBD: KeyBoarD
KRS: Knowledge Retrieval System
KBE: Knowledge Based Engineering
KSDS: Key Sequenced Data Set
kbps: KiloBits Per Second
KSH: Korn SHell
Transfer Speed (Communication)
kBps: KiloBytes Per Second KSPH: KeyStrokes Per Hour
Transfer Speed (Communication)
KSR: Keyboard Send Receive
KBS: Knowledge-Based System (Hardware)
K
KCS: Kiva C++ Server KVM: Keyboard, Video, Mouse
(Software) (Netscape) (Hardware)

KCS: Kansas City Standard KVM: K Virtual Machine

Recording standard (Hardware)
KDC: Key Distribution Center
KDE: K Desktop Environment
KWIC: Key Word In Context
A permuted index offering lists of titles, with each of the major
words as the first word, and the remaining words using key
words or phrases

KDT: Key Definition Table KXS: Kiva eXecutive Server

(Software) (Netscape)
KEFIR: KEy FIndings Reporter

KERMIT: Kl-10 Error-free Reciprocal Micro

Interconnect over Tty lines
KES: Key Escrow System

KFM: K FIle Manager

KFX: KoFaX
File Format for fax transmission
KHG: Kernel Hacking Guide

KHz: KiloHertZ

KIF: Knowledge Interchange Format

KIPS: Kilo Instruction Per Second

Processing speed
KIR: Kyocera Image Refinement
(Hardware)
KIS: Knowbot Information Service

KISS: Keep It Simple, Stupid

KIT: Kernel software for Intelligent

Terminals

Page 79 of 161
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Page 80 of 161
 L
L&F: Look & Feel LATA: Local Access and Transport Area

L&H: Lernout And Hauspie LATM: Local Asynchronous Transfer Mode

L1: Level 1 LAVC: Local Area Vax Cluster

(Hardware)
LAWN: Local Area Wireless Network
L2: Level 2
(Hardware) LB: Local bus
Bus architecture (Hardware)
L2F: Layer 2 Forwarding
LBA: Logical Block Addressing
L2TP: Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol
(Network) LBL: LaBeL
LA: Limited Availability LBM: Local Bus Master
LADDR: LAyered Device DRiver LBOT: Logical Beginning of Tape
(Microsoft) (Hardware)
LADT: Local Access Data Transport LBR: LiBraRian
LALL: Longest Allowed Lobe Length LBT: Local Bus Targets
LAM: Local Area Multicomputer LBT: Listen Before Talk
LAN: Local Area Network LBX: Low-Band with X
Data communications network connecting computers and
related equipment, usually over an area not greater than 10 km LBX: Local Bus Accelerator
(Network)
LC: Liquid Crystal L
LAN: Local Access Network
(Hardware)
LANACS: Local Area Network Asynchronous LCA: Logic Cell Array
Connection Server
LCA: Life-Cycle Assessment
LANCE: Local Area Network Controller
Ethernet LCA: Lotus Communications Architecture
LANDP: Local Area Network Distributed (Lotus)
Platform LCC: Leadless Chip Carrier
LANE: Local Area Network Emulation (Hardware)
A set of services and protocols that provide for the emulation of LCCM: LanClient Control Manager
LANs, using ATM as a backbone to allow connectivity among (IBM)
LAN and ATM attached end stations (Network)
LCD: Loss of Cell Delineation
LAP: Link Access Procedure
Communication protocol (CCITT X.25) (Communication) LCD: Lowest Common Denominator
LAP-B: Link Access Procedure-Balanced
LCD: Liquid Crystal Display
LAPD: Link Access Procedure-D channel (Hardware)
Communication protocol (Communication) LCF: Lightweight Client Framework
LAPM: Link Access Procedure for Modems
LCF: Low Cost Fiber
LAPS: Lan Adapter and Protocol Support
Lch: Luminance Chrominance Hue
LAR: Load Access Rights Color model (Hardware)
LCID: Language Code IDentifier
LASER: Light Amplification by the
Stimulated Emission of Radiation LCID: LoCale IDentifier
LASS: Local Area Signaling Service
LCK: Library Construction Kit
LASTport: Local Area Storage TransPORT (Microsoft)
Protocol (DEC) LCM: Leaf Creation Method
LAT: Local Access Terminal
LCM: Landesk Configuration Manager
LAT: Local Area Transport (Operating systems) (Intel)
(Network)

Page 81 of 161
 LCN: Logical Cluster Number LEC: Layered Error Correction
(Operating systems)
LEC: Lan Emulation Client
LCOS: Liquid Crystal On Silicon (Network)
(Hardware)
LEC: Local Exchange Carrier
LCP: Link Control Protocol
Part of the point-to-point protocol (PPP) to establish, configure, LED: Light Emitting Diode
and test data link connections (Network) (Hardware)
LCR: Least Cost Routing LEL: Link, Embed and Launch-to-edit
(Network) (Lotus)
LCR: Line Control Register LEM: Language Extension Module
LCS: Lotus Communication Server LEN: Low Entry Networking
LCS: Laboratory for Computer Science LEO: Low Earth Orbit
MIT's department
LEOT: Logical End Of Tape
LCSD: Laminate Chip Signal Diode
(Hardware)
LCT: Last Compliance Time LEP: Light Emitting Polymer
(Hardware)
LCU: Last Cluster Used
LES: Language Engineering Services
LD: Laser Disc
(Hardware) LES: Lan Emulation Server
(Network)
LDA: Logical Device Address
LEX: LEXicon
LDAP: Lightweight Directory Access
Protocol LF: Login Facility
A standardized TCP/IP protocol for access to a central X.500-
based directory that is shared by many different services. Many LF: Line Feed
vendors plan to use LDAP to access policy information stored An instruction to a certain computer or printer to move down
on third-party directories (Network) one line, without moving the cursor or print head. Also used as
L a terminator
LDC: Lotus Development Corporation
LFAP: Lightweight Flow Admission Protocol
LDCM: LanDesk Client Manager
LFH: Low Force Helix
LDDS: Long Distance Discount Services Connector pin type (Hardware)

LDGW: Lotus Domino Go Webserver LFI: Last File Indicator

(Software) (IBM)
LFN: Long FileName
LDI: Lvds Digital Interface
(Hardware) LFR: Logical Forms Recognition
(Software)
LDIF: Ldap Data Interchange Format
LFS: Loopback File System
LDM: Long Distance Modem
LFT: Low Function Terminal
LDMS: LanDesk Management Suite (IBM)

LDP: Loader Debugger Protocol LFU: Least Frequently Used

LDP: Linux Document Project LGA: Leadless Grid Array

LDP: Label Distribution Protocol LGDT: Load Global Descriptor Table

A fundamental concept in Multi Protocol Label Switching is that
two Label Switching Routers must agree on the meaning of the
LGPL: Library General Public License
labels used to forward traffic between and through them
(Network)
LGX: Linux/Gnu/X

LDT: Local Descriptor Table LIAS: Library Information Access System

LE: Less than or Equal LIB: LIBrary

(Software) File name extension

LE: Limited Edition LIC: Licensed Internal Code

(Software)
LIC: Line Interface Coupler
LEA: Load Effective Address (IBM)

LEAF: Law Enforcement Access Field LICS: Lotus International Character Set

LEAS: Lata Equal Access System

Page 82 of 161
LIDE: Light emitting diode In-Direct LLN: Line Link Network
Exposure
Scanner technology (Hardware) (Canon) LLNL: Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory
LIDT: Load Interrupt Descriptor Table (IBM)
LIEP: Large Internet Exchange Packet LM: License Manager
(Novell)
LM: Lan Manager
LIF: Low Insertion Force (Network) (IBM)
LIF: Low Insertion Force LM/X: Lan Manager for uniX

LIFE: Logistics Interface For manufacturing LMB: Left Mouse Button

Environment
LMBCS: Lotus Multi-Byte Character Set
LIFO: Last In First Out (Lotus)
(Hardware)
LMD: Last Modification Date
LILO: LInux LOader
LMDS: Local Multipoint Distribution System
LILO: Last In Last Out (Communication)
(Hardware)
LME: Layer Management Entity
LIM: Lotus/Intel/Microsoft
LMI: Local Management Interface
LIMA: Lotus/Intel/Microsoft/Ast
LMI: Link Management Interface
LIMDO: Light Intensity Modulation Direct
Overwrite LMM: Logical Memory Manager
(Databases) (Sybase)
LIMM: Light Intensity Modulation Method
LMS: Library Maintenance System
LIMOS: Laser Intensity MOdulation System
LMS: Lotus Messaging Switch
LIMS: Library Information Management (Lotus)
System
LMS: Lick My S**k L
LIP: Large Internet Packet (Messages)
LIPS: Logical Instruction Per Second LMSW: Load Machine Status Word
Processing Speed
LMU: Lan Management Utilities
LIPS: Logical Inferences Per Second (IBM)
LIPS: Lightweight Internet Person Schema LMU: Lan Manager for Unix
LIR: Local Internet Registry LN: Load Number
(Network)
LN: Logarithm Natural
LIS: Logical Ip Subnet Base e
LIS: Library Information System LN:DI: Lotus Notes:Document Imaging
LISP: LISt Processor LNBF: Low-Noise Block receiving horns
Programming language (Software) with integrated Feeds
LITHP: LInk Type description language for (Communication)
HyperText Processing LNK: LiNK
LIU: Lan Interface Unit File name extension
LOB: Low-Order Byte
LIW: Long Instruction Word
(Hardware) LOB: Line-Of-Business
LKG: Last Known Good LOB: Large OBject
(Operating systems) (Microsoft) (Databases)
LLB: Local Location Broker LOC: Lines Of Code
LLC: Logical Link Control LOC: Loop Online Control
Token Ring link protocol (IEEE 802.2) (Network)
LLDT: Load Local Descriptor Table LOCIS: Library Of Congress Information
System
LLF: Low Level Format LOD: Level Of Detail
LLL: Low-Level Language LODSB: LOaD String Byte
(Software)

Page 83 of 161
 LOF: Loss of Frame LPP: Licensed Program Product

LOFS: LOopback File System LPP: Land Pre-Pits

A file system type that lets the user create a new virtual file Addressing aid in writing DVD-R (Hardware)
system. The user can access files using an alternative path
name (Operating systems) LPR: Line Printer Remote

LOG: LOGarithm LPS: Low Power Schottky

Base 10 (Hardware)
LOL: Laugh Out Loud lps: Lines Per Second
(Messages) Printing speed (Hardware)
LON: Local Operating Network LPT: Line PrinTer
(Hardware)
LOOPE: LOOP while Equal
LPWA: Lucent Personalized Web Assistant
LOOPNE: LOOP while Not Equal Anonymous web browsing service

LOOPNZ: LOOP while Not Zero LQ: Letter Quality

LOOPS: Lisp Object Oriented Programming LQM: Link Quality Monitoring

System
LR: Logical Record
LOOPZ: LOOP while Zero
LR: Link Register
LOP: Loss of Pointer
LRC: Longitudinal Redundancy Check
LORE: Line Oriented Editor
LRC: Local Register Cache
LOS: Loss of Signal
LRL: Least Recently Loaded
LOTOS: Language Of Temporal Order
Specification LRM: Least Recently used Master
LOV: List Of Values LRM: Language Reference Manual

L LP: Logical Partition LRPC: Lightweight Remote Procedure Call

(Software)
LP: Linear Programming
LRS: Line Repeater Station
LPAR: Logical Partition
(Operating systems) (IBM) LRS: Language ReSource
File name extension
LPAR: Logic Programming and Automated
Reasoning LRU: Least Recently Used
LPB: Local Peripheral Bus LS: Laser Servo
(Hardware) (Compaq)
LPB: Low Ping Bastard
Network multiplayer games attribute (Software) LSA: Lan and Scsi Adapter
(IBM)
LPC: Linear Predictive Coding
LSA: Local Security Authority
LPC: Lightweight Procedure Call (Microsoft)
(Software)
LSA: Line Sharing Adapter
LPC: Local Procedure Call
LSAPI: License Services Application
LPCM: Linear Pulse Code Modulation Programming Interface
(Communication)
LSB: Least Significant Bit (or Byte)
LPD: Line Printer Daemon
LSC: Least Significant Character
LPDP: Line Printer Daemon Protocol
LSD: Least Significant Digit
LPF: League for Programming Freedom
LSE: Language Sensitive Editor
LPI: Lines Per Inch
LSI: Large Scale of Integration
LPL: Lotus Programming Language IC manufacturing integration level: it's the process of placing
(Lotus) from 3,000 to 100,000 transistors on one chip (Hardware)

LPM: Logical Process Manager LSL: Link Support Layer

(Databases) (Sybase)
LSL: Load Segment Limit
lpm: Lines Per Minute
Printing speed (Hardware) LSMS: Lucent Security Management Server
(Lucent)
LPN: Logical Page Number

Page 84 of 161
LSN: Logical Sector Number LYLAS: Love You Like A Sister
(Messages)
LSN: Log Sequence Number
LZ: Lempel-Ziv
LST: Linux Support Team
LZ: Landing Zone
LST: LiST (Hardware)
File name extension
LZS: Lempel-Ziv-Stac
LT: Less Than Compression algorithm
(Software)
LZW: Lempel-Ziv-Welch
LTC: Longitudinal Time Code Compression algorithm

LTE: Line Terminating Equipment

LTO: Linear Tape Open

(Hardware)
LTPS: Low-Temperature PolySilicon
(Hardware)
LTR: Load Task Register

LTR: LeTteR

LTR: Left-To-Right

LTS: Leaning Toothpick Syndrome

Expresses readability in PERL regular expressions (Software)
LTSS: Long Term Station Statistics

LU: Logical Unit

LU6.2: Logical Unit 6.2

LUA: Logical Unit Application L

LUG: Local Users Group

LUI: Local User Input

LUIS: Library User Information Service

LUN: Logical Unit Number

SCSI subaddressing (Hardware)
LUNI: Lane User Network Interface

LUT: LookUp Table

LUW: Logical Unit of Work

LV: Logical Volume

(IBM)
LVCS: Logility Value Chain Solution
(Software)
LVD: Low Voltage Differential
(Hardware)
LVDS: Low Voltage Differential Signalling
(Hardware)
LVM: Logical Volume Management
(IBM)
LW: Lazy Write

LW: Length Width

LWP: Lotus WordPro

File format for documents
LWP: LightWeight Process
A class of processes that share resources with each other and
therefore use fewer resources than ordinary processes
(Operating systems)

Page 85 of 161
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Page 86 of 161
 M
m: Milli MAOS: Multiple Application Operating
Prefix for 10 power -3 System
(Operating systems)
M: Mega
Prefix for 1000 (or 1024) power 2 MAP: Mobile Application Part
mA: Milliampere MAP: Migration Assistance Program
MAB: Multi-Architecture Binary MAP: Manufacturing Automation Protocol
(Software)
MAP: Maintenance Analysis Procedures
MABO: Multiplier-Arithmetic BOlton
MAP: Memory Allocation Map
MAC: Multiplexed Analog Component
A color standard that transmits three color components in time- MAP/TOP: Manufacturing Automation
compressed serial analog form (Hardware) Protocol Technical Office Protocol
MAC: Media Access Control MAPE: Mean Absolute Percentage Error
(Network)
MAPI: Messaging Application Programming
MAC: Multiply ACcumulate
Interface
CPU instruction type
(Microsoft)
MAC: Multiple Access Computers
MAPICS: Manufacturing, Accounting and
MAC: Message Authentication Code Production Information Control System
(IBM)
MAC: MACro
MAPS: Mcis Administration and
File name extension
Provisioning Service
MACH: Multilayer ACtuator Head (Microsoft)
(Epson)
MAPS: Mail Abuse Prevention System
MACS: Modem Access Control System
MAR: Memory Address Register M
MADD: Multiply-ADD (Hardware)
CPU instruction type
MARC: Multitechnology Automated Reader
MADE: Manufacturing and Automated Card
Design Engineering
MARC: MAchine Readable Cataloging
MADYMO: MAthematical DYnamic MOdeling
MARS: Multicast Address Resolution Server
MAE: Macintosh Application Environment (Network)

MAE: Merit Access Exchange MARVEL: Machine-Assisted Realization of

the Virtual Electronic Library
MAE: Metropolitan Area Ethernet
MAS: Microsoft Authorized Support
MAGIC: Multi-dimensional Applications (Microsoft)
Gigabit Internetworking Consortium MASM: Macro ASseMbler
(Organizations) (Software) (Microsoft)
MAGMA: Minimal Architecture for MASS: Maximum Availability and Support
Generalized Markup Applications Subsystem
mAh: MilliAmpere per Hour MAT: Maintenance Access Terminal
MAI: Multiple Applications Interface MathML: MATHematical Markup Language
MAJC: Microprocessor Architecture for Java MAU: Medium Attachment Unit
Computing
(Sun) MAU: Multistation Access Unit
MAN: Metropolitan Area Network MAU: Media Access Unit
Between a LAN and WAN in size and scope (Network)
MAVDM: Multiple Application Virtual Dos
MAN: MANual
Machine
File name extension
MAW: Microsoft At Work
MANIAC: Mathematical Analyzer Numerical
Integrator And Computer MAX: MAXimum

Page 87 of 161
 MAX: MAssively parallel uniX MCIS: Microsoft Commercial Internet
System
MB: MotherBoard (Network) (Microsoft)
(Hardware)
MCL: Microsoft Compatibility Labs
Mb: MegaBit (Microsoft)
MB: MegaByte MCM: MultiChip Module

MBASIC: Microsoft Beginners All-purpose MCN: Metropolitan Campus Network

Symbolic Instruction Code
(Microsoft) MCNE: Master Certified Novell Engineer
(Novell)
MBCS: Multi-Byte Character Set
MCP: Multiport Communication Processor
MBONE: Multicast backBONE
(Network) MCP: Microsoft Certified Professional
(Microsoft)
Mbps: MegaBits Per Second
Transfer speed (Communication) MCP: Master Control Program

MBps: MegaBytes Per Second MCP: Myrinet Control Program

Transfer Speed (Communication) (Network)
MBQ: Message-Based Queueing MCP/AS: Master Control
Program/Advanced System
MBR: Master Boot Record
MCPC: Multi Channel Per Carrier
MBS: Maximum Burst Size
MCPS: Microsoft Certified Product Specialist
MBX: MailBoX (Microsoft)

MC: Model Coordinates MCR: Maximum Cell Rate

The coordinate system used for describing a single object (a
MCR: Modem Control Register
graphics entity). When each object is described in its own
model coordinate space, all are mapped to one world
MCS: Multichannel Communications System
coordinate space
MC-PGA: Metallized Ceramic - Pin Grid Array MCS: Material Control System
M MC-QFP: Metallized Ceramic - Quad Flat MCSD: Microsoft Certified Solution
Pack Developer
(Microsoft)
MCA: Merchant Certification Authority
erchant Certification Authority MCSE: Microsoft Certified System Engineer
(Microsoft)
MCA: Micro Channel Architecture
Bus architecture (Hardware) (IBM) MCSP: Microsoft Certified Solution Provider
(Microsoft)
MCAD: Mechanical Computer Aided Design
A specialized computer graphics market for the design of MCT: Microsoft Certified Trainer
mechanical structures, such as automobiles, airplanes, and (Microsoft)
their parts (Software)
MCU: Multi-Chip Unit
MCAV: Modified Constant Angular Velocity (DEC)

MCB: Memory Control Block MCU: Multipoint Control Unit

MCBF: Mean Cycle Between Failure MCU: MicroController Unit

MCC: Manchester Computing Centre MCVA: Modified Constant Angular Velocity

MCC: Manchester Code Converter MD: Message Digest

(Network)
MCDBA: Microsoft Certified Database
Administrator MD: Mini Disk
(Microsoft) (Sony)

MCF: Meta-Content Framework MD: Make Directory

(Netscape) MD: Monochrome Display
MCGA: MultiColor Graphic Adapter
(Hardware) MDA: Medicated Digest Authentication

MCI: Media Control Interface MDA: Monochrome Display Adapter

(Hardware)
MCI: Microwave Communications, Inc.
Now MCI Communications corporation
MDA: Market Development Agreement

MDA: MultiDimensional Analysis

Page 88 of 161
MDAC: Microsoft Data Access Component MDT: Mechanical DeskTop
(Databases) (Microsoft)
MDT: Mountain Daylight Time
MDB: Microsoft DataBase Timezone: GMT -7:00
File format (Databases) (Microsoft)
MDX: MultiDimensional eXpression
MDB: Multiple-Device Boot
A diskette used to boot from a CD-ROM or from a network MDY: Month Day Year
(Operating systems)
ME: Motion Estimation
MDBE: Microsoft DataBase Engine
(Databases) (Microsoft) MEB: Memory Expansion Board
MDBMS: Multidimensional DataBase MEDAPE: MEDium Absolute Percentage
Management System Error
(Databases)
MEL: Michigan Electronic Library
MDD: Multidimensional Discrete Data
(Databases) MEL: Multos Executable Language
MDDBMS: MultiDimensional DataBase MEM: MEMory
Management System
MDF: Menu Definition File MEMO: Multimedia Environment for MObiles
File name extension
MEMS: Micro ElectroMechanical System
MDFE: Multilevel Decision Feedback (Hardware) (TI)
Equalization MEO: Medium Earth Orbit
(Hardware)
MDI: Multiplex Device Interface MERCI: Multimedia European Research
Conferencing Integration
MDI: Multiple Document Interface MERS: Most Economic Route Selection
(Microsoft)
MDI: Medium Dependent Interface MES: Manufacturing Execution System

MDI: Memory Display Interface MESI: Modified, Exclusive, Shared and

Invalid
MDIC: Manchester Decoder and Interface MEST: Middle European Summer Time
Chip Timezone: GMT +1:00 M
(AT&T)
MET: Middle European Time
MDIS: MetaData Interchange Specification Timezone: GMT +1:00
MDK: Multimedia Developers Kit MET: Memory Enhancement Technology
(Microsoft) (HP)
MDL: Microstation Development Language MEWT: Middle European Winter Time
Timezone: GMT +1:00
MDL: Method Definition Language
MF: Multi Frequency
MDLP: Mobile Data Link Protocol
MFC: Microsoft Foundation Classes
MDLS: Member Digital Library Subscription (Software) (Microsoft)

MDM: Membership DIrectory Manager MFC: MultiFunction Center

(Microsoft) (Hardware)

MDR: Memory Data Register MFC&T: Microsoft Foundation Classes &

(Hardware) Templates
(Software) (Microsoft)
MDR: MicroDesign Resources
MFENET: Magnetic Fusion Energy NETwork
MDR: Minimum Design Requirement
MFFS: Microsoft Flash File System
MDRAM: Multi-bank Dynamic Random (Microsoft)
Access Memory
MFI: MainFrame Interactive
(Hardware)
MDRC: Manufacturing Design Rule Checker MFI: Multifunction Interpreter

MDS: Manufacturing Design System MFIOP: MultiFunction Input/Output

Processor
MDS: Macintosh Development System (Hardware)
(Software) (Apple)
MFLOPS: Million Floating point Operation
MDS: Microprocessor Development System Per Second
(Software) A unit of measure of execution speed that rates the oating-point
performance of a computer

Page 89 of 161
 MFM: Modified Frequency Modulation MIC: Media Interface Connector
Magnetic support read-write technology (Hardware)
MIC: Macro Interpretative Command
MFP: MultiFunctional Peripheral
(Hardware) MIC: Message Integrity Check
MFPI: MultiFunction Peripheral Interface MIC: Market Intelligence Center
MFS: Magnetic tape Field Search MICE: Modular Integrated Communications
Environment
MFS: Macintosh File System
(Operating systems) (Apple) MICR: Magnetic Ink Character Recognition
MFS: Modified Filing System MICS: Macro Interpretive Commands
(Operating systems)
MID: Message IDentifier
MFS: Message Format Service
MIDAS: Multi-tIer Distributed Application
MFS: Memory File System
Service
MFT: Master File Table (Inprise)
Table containing NT's file system structure (Operating systems) MIDI: Musical Instrument Digital Interface
(Microsoft)
A note-oriented control language for specifying music. MIDI
MFT: Multiprogramming with a Fixed data consists of codes specifying notes and timing. These
number of Tasks codes can be generated by or output to MIDI-compatible
devices, such as keyboards or synthesizers (Hardware)
MFTP: Multicast File Transfer Protocol
MIDL: Microsoft Interface Definition
MFU: Most Frequently Used Language
(Microsoft)
MGA: Matrox Graphics Adapter
MIF: Module Interconnection Facility
MGA: Monochrome Graphics Adapter
MIF: Management Information File
(Hardware)
MGCP: Media Gateway Control Protocol MIF: Minimum Internetworking
(Communication) Functionality
MGDI: Multiplatform Graphics Device MIF: Management Information Format
M Interface
MIFST: Microsoft Internet Finance Server
(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
Toolkit
MGE: Modular Gis Environment (Network) (Microsoft)

MGET: Multiple GET MIG: Metal In Gap

MGML: Minimal Generalized Markup MII: Media-Independent Interface

Language A 40-pin miniature-D connector that provides the electrical
interface between some Sun systems and 10BASE-T or
MGR: ManaGeR 100BASE-T Ethernet network transceivers (Hardware) (Sun)

MH: Modified Huffman MII: Microsoft/IBM/Intel

MHDL: Mimic Hardware Description MIL: Machine Interface Layer

Language
MILNET: MILitary NETwork
MHEG: Multimedia and Hypermedia Originally part of the ARPANET, MILNET was partitioned in
information coding Expert Group 1984 to provide military installations with reliable network
service, while the ARPANET continued to be used for research
MHPCC: Maui High Performance Computing (Network)
Center
MIM: Metal-Insulator-Metal
MHS: Message Handling System (Hardware)
MHz: MegaHertZ MIM: Map Image Metafile

MI: Multiple Inheritance MIMD: Multiple Instruction Multiple Data

(Software)
MIME: Multipurpose Internet Mail
MI: Management Interface Extensions
(Network)
MI/MIC: Mode Indicate/Mode Indicate
Common MIN: MINimum
MIB: Management Information Base MIN: Mobile Identification Number
MIB: Multimedia Integration Box MIND: Microsoft INteractive Developer
(Siemens-Nixdorf) Microsoft magazine for Web developers (Microsoft)

Page 90 of 161
MINT: Mint Is Not Tos MMA: Microcomputer Managers Association

MINUET: Minnesota INternet Users MMC: Midi Machine Control

Essential Tools
MMC: MultiMedia Comands
MINX: Multimedia Information Network
eXchange MMC: Microcomputer Marketing Council
MIO: Memory Input/Output MMC: Microsoft Management Console
(Microsoft)
MIP: Mixed Integer Programming
MMC: Microsoft Media Console
MIPS: Microprocessor without Interlocked (Microsoft)
Piped Stages
MMC: Matched Memory Cycle
MIPS: Million Instructions Per Second
A unit of measure of execution speed that rates the MMCD: MultiMedia Compact Disk
performance of a computer CPU (Hardware)
MIR: Micro-Instruction Register MMCD-E: MultiMedia Compact Disk-Erasable
MIS: Management Information System MMCX: MultiMedia Communication Exchange
MIS: Multimedia Information Sources MMDS: Multichannel Multipoint Distribution
Service
MISC: MISCellaneous
(Communication)
MISF: Microsoft Information Security MMI: Man-Machine Interface
Framework
(Microsoft) MMIS: Materials Manager Information
System
MIT: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
MML: Maker Macro Language
MIX: Member Information eXchange
MMM: Mobile Media Mode
MJ: Modular Jack
MMO: Mobile MOdule
MJD: Modified Julian Date (Hardware) (Intel)

MKDIR: MaKe DIRectory MMPM: MultiMedia Presentation Manager

M
MKS: Mortice Kern Systems MMPM/2: MultiMedia Presentation Manager
2
ML: Machine Language
MMR: Modified Modified Read
ML: Meta Language
MMS: Maximum Message Size
MLAPI: MultiLingual Application
Programming Interface MMS: Merchant Management System

MLC: MultiLayer Ceramic MMU: Memory Management Unit

(Hardware)
MLC: MultiLevel Cell
MMVF: MultiMedia Video FIle
MLE: Multi Language Environment (NEC)

MLE: MultiLine Entry field MMX: Matrix Manipulation eXtensions

(Intel)
MLE: MultiLine Editor MMX: MultiMedia eXtensions
MLI: Multiple Link Interface (Intel)
MNN: My Netscape Network
MLID: MultiLink Interface Driver
MNOS: Metal Nitride Oxide Semiconductor
MLM: Mailing List Manager
MNP: Microcom Networking Protocol
MLPPP: MultiLink Point-to-Point Protocol (Network)
(Communication)
MO: Managment Object
MLS: MultiLevel Secure
MO: Magneto-Optical
MM: Mobile Management
MO-WORM: Magneto-Optical Write Once
MM: MultiMedia Read Many
MM: Management Module MO:DCA: Mixed Object Document Content
Architecture
MMA: Midi Manufacturer Association
MOB: Memory-Order Buffer

Page 91 of 161
 MOC: Microsoft Official Curriculum MOVS: Microsoft Office/Vba Solution
(Microsoft) (Microsoft)
MOD: Magneto-Optical Disk MOVS: MOVe String

MOD: MODulus MP: Master Plan

Reminder of the integer division
MOD: Microsoft Office 2000 Developer
(Software) (Microsoft)
MODEM: MOdulator/DEModulator
MOHLL: Machine Oriented High Level
Language
MOLAP: Multidimensional On-Line
Analytical Processing
MOM: Message-Oriented Middleware
MOM: Microsoft Office Manager
(Microsoft)
MOM: Manufacturing Operations
Management
MOMA: Message-Oriented Middleware
Association
(Organizations)
MONET: Multiwavelength Optical NETwork
(Network)
MOO: Mud, Object Oriented
A client used to connect to a MUD
MOP: Maintenance Operations Protocol
(Network)
MOPA: MultiProtocol Over Atm
M (Communication)
MOPS: Million Operations Per Second
MOS: Metal-Oxide Semiconductor
Semiconductor manufacturing technology (Hardware)
MOS: Mean Opinion Score
MOS: Magneto-Optic Storage
MOSES: Massive Open Systems
Environment Standard
MOSFET: Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Field-
Effect Transistor
(Hardware)
MOSPF: Multicast Open Shortest Path First
(Communication)
MOSS: Mime Objects Security Services
MOT: Multimedia Object Transfer
MOTD: Message Of The Day
MOTIS: Message-Oriented Text
Interchange Systems
MOUS: Micorsoft Office User Specialist
(Microsoft)
MOV: MOVe
MOV: MOVie
Fileformat for movies (Apple)
MOV: Metal Oxide Varistor
MP: Massively Parallel
MP: MultiProtocol
MP: Multilink Ppp
(Communication)
MP: MicroProcessor
MP: Multi Processor
A computer using two or more nearly equal processing units
under integrated control (Hardware)
MP+: Multichannel Protocol Plus
(Network) (Ascend)
MP3: MPeg layer 3
Sound encoding format (Software)
MPA: Memo Pad Archive
Filename extension
MPC: Multimedia Personal Computer
Multimedia specifications
MPC: MultiPath Channel
MPC+: MultiPath Channel Plus
(IBM)
MPCC: MultiProtocol Communication
Controller
(Hardware)
MPCS: Mission Planning and Control Station
MPDU: Message Protocol Data Unit
MPE: Multi-Programming Executive
(HP)
MPEG: Motion Pictures Expert Group
A group that has developed standards for compressing moving
pictures and audio data and for synchronizing video and audio
datastreams. Also, a file format
MPI: Multiprocessor Interconnect Bus
MPI: MultiPrecision Integer
MPI: Message Passing Interface
MPIF: Message Passing Interface Forum
MPK: MultiProcessing Kernel
(Operating systems)
MPL: Message Passing Library
(IBM)
MPLS: MultiProtocol Label Switching
An architecture on the IETF standards track for integrating a
mechanism for label-swapping with Layer 3 routing to
accelerate packet forwarding (Network)
MPMD: Multiple Processor/Multiple Data
MPOA: Multi-Protocol Over Atm
An ATM Forum standard for the routing of multiple protocols
across an ATM substrate. It enables ATM services to be
integrated with existing local-area networks that use Ethernet,
token-ring or TCP/IP protocols (Network)

Page 92 of 161
MPOW: Multiple Purpose Operator MRCI: Microsoft Real-time Compression
Workstation Interface
(Microsoft)
MPP: Massively Parallel Processing
MRI: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MPP: Message Processing Program A medical imaging technique used for image capture. Tissue
area is simultaneously subjected to electromagnetic radiation
MPP: Message Posting Protocol and a magnetic field
MPPC: Microsoft Point-to-Point Compression MRM: Most Recently used Master
(Network) (Microsoft)
MRNET: Minnesota Regional NETwork
MPPD: Multi Purpose Peripheral Device
MRO: Multi-Region Operation
MPQP: Multi-Protocol Quad Port (IBM)
(IBM)
MROC: Miniature Ruggedized Optical
MPR: Multi-Protocol Routing Correlator
(Network) (Hardware)
MPR: MultiPart Repeater MRP: Manufacturing Resource Planning
MPS: MultiPage Signal MRP: Material Requirement Planning
MPS: Multiple Priority System MRPL: Main Ring Path Length
(Network)
MRS: Message Routing System
MPS: MultiProcessor Specification
(Communication)
MPSX: Mathematical Programming System MRS: Media Recognition System
eXtended
MPT: MultiPort Transceiver MRS: Monitoring and Recovery Subsystem

MPTA: Multi Protocol Transport Architecture MRS: Micro Reflective Structure

(Hardware) (Sharp)
MPTN: Multi-Protocol Transport Network MRT: Mean Repair Time
MPTS: Multi-Protocol Transport Services MRU: Most Recently Used
MPTS/2: Multi Protocol Transport Services 2 MRU: Maximum Receive Unit M
MPU: MicroProcessor Unit MS: Mobile Station
(Hardware)
MS: MicroSoft
MPW: Macintosh Programmer's Workshop
(Software) (Apple) ms: MilliSecond
MQ: Message Queuing Time measurement unit
(Software) MS: Memory System
MQH: Memory Queue Handler
MS: Message Store
On Sun server systems, the device on the system board that
provides the interface between the system board SIMMs and
MS-ISDN: Mobile Station Integrated
the backplane XDBus (Hardware) (Sun)
Services Digital Network number
MQI: Message Queuing Interface
MSA: Management Services Architecture
(IBM)
(IBM)
MR: Modified Read
MSACM: MicroSoft Audio Compression
MR: Magneto-Resistive Manager
Hard disk head technology (Hardware) (Microsoft)

MR: Memory Read MSAU: Multi-Station Access Unit

(Hardware)
MSAV: MicroSoft Anti Virus
MR: Modem Ready (Microsoft)

MR-X: Magneto Resistive - eXtended MSB: Most Significant Bit (or Byte)
(Hardware)
MSBF: Mean Swaps Between Failures
MRB: Method Request Broker
MSC: MicroSoft C
MRC: Mesh Router Chip
(Network) MSC: Mobile Switching Center
MRCF: Microsoft Realtime Compression MSCDEX: MicroSoft CD-rom EXtensions
Format (Operating systems) (Microsoft)

Page 93 of 161
 MSCE: MicroSoft Certified Engineer MSK: Minimum-Shift Keying
(Microsoft)
MSKB: MicroSoft Knowledge Base
MSCHAP: MicroSoft Challenge Handshake (Microsoft)
Authentication Protocol
(Microsoft) MSL: Microsoft Software Library

MSCM: Multiple Slots on Continuation MSL: Map Specification Library

Mechanism
MSL: Mirrored Server Link
MSCP: Mass Storage Control Protocol
MSMQ: MicroSoft Message Queue
MSCS: MicroSoft Cluster Server (Network) (Microsoft)
MSCT: MicroSoft Certified Trainer MSN: Multiple Subscriber Number
(Microsoft)
MSN: MicroSoft Network
MSCTEC: MicroSoft Certified Technical (Network) (Microsoft)
Education Center
(Microsoft) MSNF: Multiple Systems Networking Facility

MSD: Microsoft System Diagnostics MSO: Multiple-Systems Operator

(Microsoft)
MSP: Managed Service Provider
MSD: Most Significant Digit
MSP: MicroSoft Paint
MSD: Mass Storage Device File name extension (Microsoft)
MSDA: MicroSoft Direct Access MSP: Message Security Protocol
(Microsoft) (Network)
MSDE: MicroSoft Databse Engine MSP: Messaging Service Provider
(Software) (Microsoft)
MSR: MicroSoft Research
MSDK: Microsoft Solutions Development Kit (Microsoft)
(Microsoft)
MSRN: Mobile Station Roaming Number
MSDN: Macintosh Software Distribution
Network MSRP: Manufacturer Suggested Retail Price
M MSDN: MicroSoft Developer Network MSS: Managed Security Service
(Microsoft)
MSDOS: MicroSoft Disk Operating System MSS: Multiprotocol Switched Server
(Hardware) (IBM)
MSDR: Multiplexed Streaming Data Request MSS: Mass Storage Subsystem
An early version of the Sun pedestal disk storage system
MSDS: MicroSoft Developer Support
(Hardware) (Sun)
(Microsoft)
MST: Mountain Standard Time
MSEQ: MicroSoft English Query
Timezone: GMT -7:00
(Databases) (Microsoft)
MSTS: MicroSoft Terminal Server
MSF: Microsoft Solutions Framework
(Operating systems)
(Microsoft)
MSU: Millions of Service Units
MSFC: Multilayer Switch Feature Card
(Network) MSU: Modem Sharing Unit
MSFP: Management Service Focal Point (Hardware)
MSU: Media Server Unit
MSFR: Minimum Security Function
Requirements MSU: Mass Storage Unit
(IBM) (Hardware)
MSG: MeSsaGe MSVC: MicroSoft Visual C
File name extension
MSW: Machine Status Word
MSI: Medium-Scale Integration
The process of placing from 100 to 3,000 transistors on a chip MT: Machine Translation
(Hardware)
MSI: MicroSoft Installer MTA: Message Transfer Architecture
(Software)
(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
MSIE: MicroSoft Internet Explorer MTA: Message Transfer Agent
An ISO/OSI application process that stores and forwards
(Software) (Microsoft)
messages in the X.400 message handling system. Compare
MSJ: Microsoft Systems Journal with Internet mail agent
Microsoft magazine (Microsoft) MTA: Multiple Terminal Access

Page 94 of 161
MTBB: Mean Time Between Breakdowns MTTR: Mean Time To Repair
The average time required to bring an array storage subsystem
MTBCF: Mean Time Between Critical Failures back to full fault tolerance. (Hardware)

MTBF: Mean Time Between Failures MTU: Maximum Transmission Unit

The average time a component can operate without a failure.
The MTBF is the number of failures divided by the number of MUA: Mail User Agent
hours the component has operated (Hardware)
MUD: Multi-User Dialogue
MTBJ: Mean Time Between Jams
MUD: Multi-User Dungeon
MTBRP: Mean Time Between Parts Multi-user interactive role-playing games on the Internet
Replacement
MUD: Multi-User Dimensions
MTC: Midi Time Code Formerly, Multi-User Dungeon

MTD: Memory Technology Drivers MUI: Multimedia User Interface

MTD: Month To Date MUL: MULtiply

Time series function
MULDEM: MULtiplexer-DEMultiplexer
MTDA: Mean Time between Data Access
The average time before non-redundant components fail, MULTICS: MULTiplexed Information and
causing data inaccessibility without loss or corruption. Computing Service
(Hardware)
MULTOS: MULTiapplication-card Operating
MTDL: Mean time to Data Loss System
The average time before the failure of an array component (Operating systems)
causes data to be lost or corrupted. (Hardware)
MUMBLE: Multi User Multicast Basic
MTDT: Moscow Time Daylight Time Language Exchange
Timezone: GMT +3:00
MUP: Multiple Unc Provider
MTE: MuTating Engine (Network)
MTF: Microsoft Tape Format MUSE: Multi-User Simulated Environment
(Hardware) (Microsoft)
MUT: Monitor Under Test
MTF: Modulation Transfer Function
(Hardware) MUX: MUltipleXer
MTFTP: Multicast Trivial File Transfer
M
MUX: Multi-User eXperience
Protocol
(Network) mV: MilliVolt
MTH: Memory Translator Hub MVA: Multi-domain Vertical Alignment
(Hardware) (Hardware) (Fujitsu)
MTI: Mips Technologies Inc. MVB: Multimedia Viewer Book
MTN: Mobile Telephone Network MVC: Model View Controller
MTP: Message Transfer Part MVC: Multimedia Viewer Compiler
MTRP: Maximum Transfer Rate Performance MVDM: Multiple Virtual DOS Machines
MTS: Message Telephone Service MVGA: Monochrome Video Graphics Array
MTS: Microsoft Transaction Server MVIF: Multi-Vendor Interacting Forum
(Microsoft)
MVIP: MultiVendor Integration Protocol
MTS: Message Transfer System
(Software) MVP: Multimedia Video Processor
MTS: Multichannel Television Sound
MVR: Multimedia Vehicle and Repository
MTST: Moscow Time Standard Time (Software) (IBM)
Timezone: GMT +3:00 MVS: Multiple Virtual Storage
MTST: Magnetic Tape Selectric Typewriter IBM Mainframe operating system (IBM)
(Hardware) (IBM) MVS/SP: Multiple Virtual Storage/System
MTT: Multi-Transaction Timer Product
MVS/XA: Multiple Virtual
MTTD: Mean Time To Diagnose
Storage/eXtended Architecture
MTTF: Mean Time To Failure MVT: Multiprogramming with a Variable
(Hardware) number of Tasks
MTTFF: Mean Time To First Failure

Page 95 of 161
 MW: Memory Write
(Hardware)
MW: MiddleWare

MWM: Motif Window Manager

(Operating systems)
MWS: Matsushita White Skipping

MX: Mail eXchanger

MXCC: Module Xbus Cache Controller

On Sun server systems, a device located on the processor
module that controls the ow of data between the XBus and the
module cache RAM and processor chip (Hardware) (Sun)
MXS: Microsoft eXchange Server
(Microsoft)
MZ: Mark Zbikowski
DOS executable file header identifier
MZR: Multiple Zone Recording

Page 96 of 161
 N
n: Nano NAS: Network Application Support
Prefix for 10 power -9 (DEC)

N-ISDN: National Integrated Services NAS: Network Access Server

Digital Network (Network)

N-ISDN: Narrowband Integrated Services NAS: Network Attached Storage

Digital Network (Hardware)

N/I: Non-Interlaced NASA: National Aeronautics and Space

Administration
NAB: National Association of Broadcasters (Organizations)

NAB: Netscape Application Builder NASDAQ: National Association of Securities

(Software) (Netscape) Dealers Automatic Quotation
NAC: Network Administration Center NASI: Netware Asynchronous Services
Interface
NAC: Network Adapter Card (Novell)

NACD: National Association of Computer NASIRC: Nasa Automated Systems Internet

Dealers Response Capability
NACS: Netware Asynchronous NASKER: Nasa AmeS KERnel
Communication Server
NAT: Network Address Translation
NACS: Network Access Control System A technology that enables a network to use one set of IP
addresses for internal traffic and a second for external traffic
NACS: National Advisory Committee on (Network)
Semiconductors
NATOA: National Association of
NAD: Network Access Device Telecommunications Officers & Advisors
NAD: Network Activity Display NAU: Network Access Unit
(Network) (Network)

NAE: Not Above or Equal NAU: Network Addressable Unit

(Network) N
NAG: National Algorithms Group
NAUN: Nearest Active Upstream Neighbour
NAG: Network Architecture Group
NAV: Norton Anti Virus
NAK: Not AcKnowledged (Symantec)
A control code returned by a receiving station indicating that a NAWS: Negotiate About Window Size
station with an established connection has sent incorrect
information NBE: Not Below or Equal
NAL: Novell Application Launcher
(Software) (Novell)
NBI: Nothing But Initials

NAM: Number Assignment Module NBMA: Non-Broadcast Multi Access

NAMI: Network Adaptive Multimedia Image NBO: Networked Business Object

(Software)
NAMPS: Narrow-band Analog Mobile Phone
Service NBP: Name Binding Protocol

NAMS: National Association of Multimedia NBS: National Bureau of Standards

Shareware (Organizations)
NaN: Not A Number NBS: Numeric BackSpace
A symbolic entry that is encoded in oating-point format
(Software) NBS: Narrowband Socket
NAP: Network Access Point NBT: NetBios on Tcp/ip
(Network)
NC: Network Control
NAPLPS: North American Presentation-
Level Protocol Syntax NC: Network Coordinator
(Communication)
NC: Norton Commander
NAS: Netscape Application Server
(Operating systems) (Netscape) NC: Network Computer
(Network)

Page 97 of 161
 NC: No Carry NCSA: National Center for Supercomputing
Applications
NC: No Connection The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign developers of
(Hardware) the original NCSA Mosaic browser (Organizations)
NC: Numerical Control NCSC: National Computer Security Center
(Organizations)
NCA: Network Communications Adapter
NCSI: Network Communications Services
NCA: Network Computing Architecture Interface
(Oracle)
NCSL: National Computer Systems
NCAPI: Netscape Client Application Laboratory
Programming Interface
NCTE: Network Channel-Terminating
(Software) (Netscape)
Equipment
NCC: Network Control Center
NCTL: National Computer and
(Network)
Telecommunications Laboratory
NCC: Norton Control Center
NDA: Non Disclosure Agreement
Norton Utilities' program (Software) (Symantec)
NCC: National Computer Conference NDAC: No Data ACcepted

NCC: Novell Customer Connection NDB: Non-Directional Beacon

(Novell)
NDC: Normalized Device Coordinates
NCC: National Computing Center The coordinate system between the user’s world coordinates
(WC) and the graphics system’s physical device coordinates in
NCCF: Network Communications Control the viewing pipeline
Facility
NDCC: Network Data Collection Center
NCD: Network Computing Device
NDDK: Network Device Development Kit
NCF: Netware Command File
(Novell) NDDL: Neutral Data Definition Language
NCF: Network Computing Framework NDE: News Development Environment
(Network) (IBM)
NDEF: Not DEFined
NCGA: National Computer Graphics
Association NDIS: Network Driver Interface
NCI: Non Coded Information Specification
N (Network)
NCI: Network Computer, Inc. NDL: Network Database Language
Manufacturer (Databases)
NCIA: Native Client Interface Architecture NDM: Network Data Manager
NCIC: National Crime Information Center On-line storage service
NDMP: Network Data Management Protocol
NCMOS: N-channel Complementary Metal (Network)
Oxyde Semiconductor
NDMS: Netware Distributed Management
NCMT: Numerical Control for Machine Tools Services
NCN: Nixdorf Communications Network NDN: Non-Delivery Notice
NCOS: Network Computer Operating System NDP: Numeric Data Processor
NCP: Non-Carbon Paper NDPS: Novell Distributed Print Services
(Network) (Novell)
NCP: Network Control Program
Communication management in IBM networks (Network) (IBM) NDR: Network Data Representation
(Network)
NCP: Network Control Protocol
(Network) NDR: Non-Delivery Report
NCP: Not Copy Protected NDRO: Non Destructive ReadOut

NCP: Netware Core Protocol NDS: Netware Directory Service

(Network) (Novell)
NCR: National Cash Registers
NE: Not Equal
NCS: Network Computing System (Software)
(HP)
NEARNET: New England Academic and
Research NETwork

Page 98 of 161
NEAT: Novell Easy Administration Tool NGIO: Next Generation Input Output
(Novell) (Hardware) (Intel)
NEB: Netscape Extension Builder NGWS: Next Generation Windows Services
(Software) (Netscape) (Operating systems) (Microsoft)
NEC: Nippon Electric Corporation NHC: National Hurricane Center
(NEC)
NHR: National Handwriting Recognition
NED: Nasa Extragalactic Database
(NASA) NHRP: Next Hop Resolution Protocol
(Network)
NEFS: Network Extensible File System
NHSE: National Hpcc Software Exchange
NEG: NEGative
NI: Non Interlaced
NEMA: National Electrical Manufacturers (Hardware)
Association
NI: No Increase
NEP: Network Entry Point
NI: New Instructions
NES: National Education Supercomputer (Hardware) (Intel)
NES: Netscape Enterprise Server NIA: Next Instruction Address
(Software) (Netscape)
NIAM: Natural language Information
NEST: Novell Embedded Systems Analysis Method
Technology
(Novell) NIC: Network Interface Card
(Hardware)
NetBEUI: NETwork Bios Extended User
Interface NIC: Numeric Intensive Computing
(Network)
NIC: Network Information Center
NetBIOS: NETwork Basic Input Output Originally, a single NIC at SRI International served the
System ARPANET (and later the defense data network [DDN]
(Network) community) (Network)

NETBLT: NETwork BLock Transfer NiCd: NIckel-CaDmium

Rechargable battery technology
NETCDF: NETwork Common Data Format
NICE: Network Information and Control
NETMON: NETwork MONitor Exchange
NICE: Narrative, Immersive, Collaborative
N
NEWS: Netware Early Warning System Environment
NEWS: Network Extensible Window System NICE: Novell Internet Connection Expert
A window system based on PostScript that Sun developed and (Network) (Novell)
licenses (Operating systems) (Sun)
NICOLAS: Network Information Center
NEWT: NEWs Terminal OnLine Aid System
(NASA)
NeXT: NEw eXtended Technology
NID: Next IDentifier
NEXT: Near-End CrossTalk
NID: New Interactive Display
NF: Naturally Flat (NEC)
Crt technology (Hardware) (Mitsubishi)
NID: Network Interface Device
NFF: No Fault Found (Hardware)
NFR: Near Field Recording NIDL: Network Interface Definition
(Hardware) Language
(Network)
NFS: Network File System
A Sun distributed file system that provides transparent access NIFC: Netscape Internet Foundation Classes
to remote file systems on heterogeneous networks (Operating (Software) (Netscape)
systems) (Sun)
NIH: Not Invented Here
NFSNET: National Science Foundation
NETwork NIHCL: National Institute of Health Class
NFT: Network File Transfer Library
NII: National Information Infrastructure
NG: NewsGroup
Discussion forum NIIT: National Information Infrastructure
Testbed
NGE: Not Greater or Equal
NIM: Network Installation Management
NGI: Next Generation Internet (IBM)

Page 99 of 161
 NiMH: NIckel-Metal Hydride NMA: Network Management Architecture
Rechargable battery technology
NMC: Network Management Center
NIO: Native Input/Output
NME: Norton Mobile Essentials
NIPS: Network I/os Per Second (Software) (Symantec)
NIR: Network Information Retrieval NMF: Network Management Forum

NIS: Network Information Service NMI: Non-Maskable Interrupt

A distributed network database containing key information (Hardware)
about the systems and the users on the network. The NIS
database is stored on the master server and all the slave NMI: Native Method Invocation
servers (Network) (Sun) (Software)

NIS: Norton Internet Security NML: Network Management Layer

(Software) (Symantec)
NMM: Netware Management Map
NIS/YP: Network Information (Novell)
System/Yellow Pages
NMM: Network Management Module
NISO: National Information Standards (Network)
Organization
NMOS: Negative Channel Metal-Oxide
NISP: Networked Information Services Semiconductor
Project
NMP: Network Management Protocol
NIST: National Institute of Standards and (AT&T)
Technology
(Organizations)
NMPF: Network Management Productivity
Facility
NITC: National Information Technology
Center NMR: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

NITOL: Norway-net with IT for Open NMS: Netelligent Management Software

Learning (Network)
NIU: Network Interface Unit NMS: Network Management System

NJE: Network Job Entry NMU: Network Management Unit

(IBM) (Hardware)
NL: New Line NN: No News
N NN: Network Node
NLANR: National Laboratory for Applied
Network Research
NNI: Network to Network Interface
NLB: Network Load Balancing
(Operating systems) (Microsoft) NNM: Network Node Manager
(Network)
NLDM: Network Logical Data Manager
NNSC: Nsf Network Service Center
NLE: Not Less or Equal
NNTP: Network News Transport Protocol
NLM: Netware Loadable Module (Communication)
(Operating systems) (Novell)
NOC: Network Operation Center
NLP: Natural Language Processing A center that operates a production network. Tasks include
monitoring and control, troubleshooting, and user assistance
NLPID: Network Layer Protocol IDentifier (Network)
NLQ: Near Letter Quality NOP: No OPeration
(Hardware)
NLS: Network License Server
NOPAC: Network On-line Public Access
NLS: National Language Support Catalog
(Operating systems) NORMA: NO Remote Memory Access
NLSFUNC: National Language Support
FUNCtion NOS: Network Operating System

NLSP: Netware Link Services Protocol NOYB: None Of Your Business

Link-state routing protocol based on IS-IS. See also IS-IS (Messages)
NLT: Natural Language Technology NPA: Numbering Plan Address
(Software)
NPA: Network Printer Alliance
NLV: National Language Version
(IBM) NPDA: Network Problem Determination Aid

Page 100 of 161

NPH: No Parse Headers
NPI: Network Printer Interface
NPL: Non-Procedural Language
(Software)
NPM: Network Printer Manager
(Software)
NPMS: Named Pipes/Mail Slots
NPS: Novell Productivity Specialist
(Novell)
NPSI: Network Protocol Service Interface
NPT: Non-Programmable Terminal
(Hardware)
NPTN: National Public Telecomputing
Network
NPU: Natural Processing Unit
NPX: Numeric Processor eXtension
NQS: Network Queing System
NRC: National Research Council
NREN: National Research and Education
Network
NRFD: Not Ready For Data
(Communication)
NRM: Network Resource Manager
NROFF: New Run-OFF
NRZ: NonReturn to Zero
NRZI: NonReturn to Zero Inverted
NRZL: NonReturn to Zero Level
NS: Name Server
NS: Non Stop
NS: Network Supervisor
NS: Network Series
(Hardware)
ns: NanoSecond
Time measurement unit
NS: National Semiconductor
NSA: National Security Agency
(Organizations)
NSA POLY: National Security Agency
POLYgraph
NSAP: Network Services Access Point
(Network)
NSAPI: Netscape Server Application
Programming Interface
(Software) (Netscape)
NSB: Netware for Small Business
(Operating systems) (Novell)
NSC: Network Service Center
NSC: Norton System Center
(Software) (Symantec)
NSERC: National Sciences and Engineering
Research Council
NSF: National Science Foundation
(Organizations)
NSfIP: NextStep For Intel Processors
NSFNET: National Science Foundation
NETwork
NSI: Network Solutions, Inc
Manages .com, .net, .org, .edu top level domains
(Organizations)
NSI: Nasa Science Internet
NSIS: National Schengen Information
System
NSM: Netscape Server Manager
(Netscape)
NSN: Nasa Science Network
NSP: Network Services Protocol
NSP: Native Signal Processing
NSP: Network Service Provider
NSS: Nodal Switching Subsystem
NSS: Novell Storage Services
(Novell)
NSS: Network Storage Solutions
Company
NSSC: Nasa Standard Spacecraft Computer
N
NSTC: National Science and Technology
Council
NSTL: National Software Testing Labs
NT: Network Terminator
NT: New Technology
(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
NT: Nome Time
Timezone: GMT -11:00
NT-1: Network Terminator type 1
NTAS: New Technology Advanced Server
(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
NTCR: New Technology Challenge/Response
(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
NTDS: New Technology Directory Service
(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
NTE: New Technology Embedded
(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
NTF: No Trouble Found
NTFS: New Technology File System
(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
NTHQ: New Technology Hardware Qualifier
Hardware troubleshooting program (Operating systems)
(Microsoft)
Page 101 of 161
 NTIA: National Telecommunications and NURBS: Non Uniform Rational B-Spline
Information Administration A curve definition method based on the B-spline curve, which
(Organizations) offers additional exibility through knots along the spline. Some
knots can have more weight added (like a magnet) to pull the
NTIS: National Technical Information curve toward those knots
Service
NV: No oVerflow
NTK: Newton ToolKit
NVDM/2: NetView Distribution Manager 2
NTLM: New Technology Lan Manager
(Operating systems) (Microsoft) NVM: Non Volatile Memory
(Hardware)
NTLN: New Technology Lan Manager
(Microsoft) NVOD: Near-Video On Demand
NTO: Network Terminal Operator NVP: Network Voice Protocol
(Network)
NVP: Nominal Velocity of Propagation
NTONC: National Transparent Optical
Network Consortium NVRAM: Non-Volatile Random Access
(Organizations) Memory
NTOP: New Technology Option Pack A type of RAM that retains information when power is removed
from the system (Hardware)
(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
NVSIMM: Non-Volatile Single In line
NTP: Network Time Protocol
Memory Module
(Communication)
A nonvolatile single inline memory module (SIMM) that
NTRAS: New Technology Remote Access incorporates a battery on the device to prevent data loss in a
Services power failure. Battery current is shared among a group of
NVSIMMs. This feature prevents memory failure if one battery
NTS/2: Network Transport Services 2 fails (Hardware)

NTSA: Netware Telephony Services NVT: Novell Virtual Terminal

Architecture (Novell)
(Novell) NVT: Network Virtual Terminal
NTSC: National Television Standard
NWFS: NetWare File System
Committee
(Operating systems) (Novell)
The group that proposed a method of composite color encoding
based on quadrature modulation of I and Q color difference NWNet: NorthWestern states NETwork
components onto a color subcarrier and adding the resulting
N chroma signal to luminance (Organizations) NWS: Netware Web Server
NTSL: National Software Testing (Novell)
Laboratories NYSERNet: New York State Education and
(Organizations) Research NETwork
NTT: Nippon Telephone & Telegraph NZT: New Zealand Time
Timezone: GMT +12:00
NTU: Network Termination Unit
NZUSUGI: New Zealand Unix System User
NTWS: New Technology WorkStation Group, Inc.
(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
NUA: Network User Address

NUB: Network Utility Box

(Hardware)
NUI: Notebook User Interface

NUI: Network User Identification

(Network)
NUI: Network User Interface
(Operating systems)
NUL: NULl
An invisible character with an internal code of 0 that occupies
no space if printed. Not to be confused with a blank, which is
invisible but occupies a space
NUMA: NonUniform Memory Access

NURB: Non Uniform Rational B-spline

Page 102 of 161

 O
O-LTM: Optical Line Terminating Multiplexer OCF: Object Component Framework
(Software) (Inprise)
O-ROM: Optical Read Only Memory
OCI: Oracle Call Interface
O-WORM: Optical Write Once Read Many (Databases) (Oracle)

O/R: Originator/Recipient OCL: Os/2 Class Library

OA: Office Automation OCL: Operator Control Language

OAB: One-to-All Broadcast OCLC: Online Computer Library Center

OAD: Open Architecture Driver OCR: Optical Character Recognition

OAG: Online Air Guide OCS: Object Compatibility Standard

OAG: Official Airline Guide OCS: On-Card Sequencer

OAI: Open Applications Interface OCX: Ole Control eXtension

(Software) (Microsoft)
OAM: Operations And Management OD: Optical Disk
OARNet: Ohio Academic Resources NETwork ODA: Open Document Architecture
OAS: Oracle Application Server ODAPI: Open DataBase Application
(Software) (Oracle) Programming Interface
OAS: One-to-All Scatter (Software)

OASLM: Optically Addressed Spatial Light ODBC: Open DataBase Connectivity

(Microsoft)
Modulator
(Hardware) ODBMS: Object DataBase Management
OASYS: Office Automation SYStem System
(Databases)
OAW: Optically Assisted Winchester ODE: Object Database and Environment
(Hardware)
OBD: Online Bugs Database ODE: Office 97 Developer Edition
(Software) (Microsoft) O
OBD: On Board Diagnostics ODI: Open Device Interconnect
(Novell)
OBE: Out-of-Box Experience
ODI: Open Data-link Interface
OBEX: OBject EXchange (Network)
(Inprise)
ODIF: Open Document Interchange Format
OBI: Open Buying on the Internet
(Organizations) ODISS: Optical Digital Image Storage
OBJ: OBJect System
File name extension ODL: Object Definition Language
OBV: Object By Value ODM: Object Data Manager
(Software) (IBM)
OBVI: Object-Based Video Interface ODM: Optimized Distribution Model
(Compaq)
OBZ: One Big Zip
(Messages) ODM: Original Design Manufacturing
OC: Optical Carrier ODMA: Open Document Management Api
(Organizations)
OC-3: Optical Carrier level 3
ODMG: Object Database Management Group
OCD: Out-of-Cell Delineation
ODP: OverDrive Processor
OCE: Open Collaborative Environment
(Apple) ODP: Open Distributed Processing
OCF: OpenCard Framework ODP: On-Demand Producer
Multimedia authoring program (Software)

Page 103 of 161

 ODQL: Object Database Query Language OLED: Organic Light Emitting Diode
(Databases) (Hardware)
ODR: Optimized Dynamic Routing OLGA: OnLine Guitar Archive

ODS: Overhead Data Stream OLI: Optical Line Interface

(AT&T)
ODS: Operational Data Store
OLIT: Open Look Intrinsics Toolkit
ODS: Open Data Services An X Window system-based widget set and library used to
(Microsoft) create applications using the OPEN LOOK graphical user
interface (Operating systems)
ODSI: Open Directory Services Interface
OLMC: Output Logic MacroCell
ODT: Open DeskTop
OLSP: On-Line Service Provider
OE: Output Enable
(Hardware) OLTP: OnLine Transaction Processing

OE: Outlook Express OM: Object Manager

(Software) (Microsoft)
OM: Object Model
OE: Operating Environment (Software)
OECD: Organization for Economic OMA: Object Management Architecture
Cooperation and Development (Microsoft)
(Organizations)
OME: Open Messaging Environment
OEM: Original Equipment Manufacturer Protocol
A manufacturer that sells equipment for resale under an end-
OMF: Object Management Framework
equipment manufacturer’s trademark or name (Hardware)
OEP: Operand Execution Pipeline OMF: Object Module Format
(Microsoft)
OF: Overflow Flag
OMF: Open Message Format
OFA: Optimal Flexible Architecture
OMF: Open Media Framework
OFB: Output FeedBack
OMFI: Open Media Framework Interchange
OFC: Open Financial Connectivity
OMG: Object Management Group
OFDM: Orthogonal Frequency Division (Organizations)
Multiplexing OMI: Open Microprocessor Initiative
O OFMT: Output ForMaT
OMI: Open Messaging Interface
OFS: Object File System
(Operating systems)
OMI-STN: Optical Mode Interface-
SuperTwisted Nematic
OFS: Output Field Separator
OML: Object Manipulation Language
OFX: Open Financial eXchange (Software)

OHCI: Open Host Controller Interface OMR: Optical Mark Recognition

OIA: Operator Information Area OMS: Object Management System

OID: Object IDentifier OMT: Object Modeling Technique

(Software)
OIDL: Object Interface Definition Language ONA: Open Network Architecture
OIL: Operator Identification Language ONAC: Operations Network Administration
OIS: Office Information System Center
ONAL: Off Network Access Line
OIW: Osi Implementors Workshop
ONC: Open Network Computing
OJI: Open Java vm Interface (Network) (Sun)
(Netscape)
ONDS: Open Network Distribution Services
OLAP: On-Line Analytical Processing (IBM)
OLCP: On-Line Complex Processing ONE: Open Network Environment
(Sun)
OLE: Object Linking and Embedding
(Software) (Microsoft) ONI: Operator Number Identification

ONMS: Open Network Management System

Page 104 of 161

ONS: Open Networking System
ONU: Optical Network Unit
OO: Object Oriented
OOA: Object-Oriented Analysis
OOAD: Object Orientated Analysis and
Design
OOB: Out Of Band
(Communication)
OOBE: Object-Oriented Business
Engineering
OOCASE: Object Oriented Computer Aided
Software Engineering
OOCTG: Object Orientated Cobol Task Group
OOD: Object-Oriented Design
OODB: Object-Oriented DataBase
OODBMS: Object-Oriented DataBase
Management System
OODL: Object-Orientated Dynamic
Language
OOFS: Object-Oriented File System
(Operating systems)
OOL: Object-Oriented Language
OOOS: Object-Oriented Operating System
OOP: Object-Oriented Programming
(Software)
OOPL: Object-Oriented Programming
Language
(Software)
OOPS: Object-Oriented Programming
System
OOPSLA: Object-Oriented Programming
Systems and Language Architecture
OOPSTAD: Object-Orientated Programming
for SmallTalk Application Development
association
OOS: Off-line Operating Simulator
OOS: Object-Oriented Systems
OOSA: Object-Oriented System Analysis
OOSH: Object-Oriented SHell
OOT: Object-Oriented Technology
OOUI: Object-Oriented User Interface
OP: OPeration
OPA: Open Publishing Architecture
OPAC: On-line Public Access Catalog
OPC: Optical PhotoConductor
OPC: Organic Photoconducting Cartridge
(Hardware)
OPC: Ole for Process Control
OPCODE: OPerational CODE
OPD: OPeranD
OPI: Open Press Interface
(Software)
OPL: Opaque Device Library
OPM: Operations Per Minute
OPOS: Ole for Point Of Sale
OPP: Order Processing Pipeline
(Network) (Microsoft)
OPROM: Optical Programmable Read Only
Memory
(Hardware)
ops: Operations Per Second
OPS: Open Profiling Standard
(Netscape)
OPT: OPTions
File name extension
OPT: Open Protocol Technology
OPUS: Octal Program Updating System
OQL: Object Query Language
OQS: Object Query Service
(Software)
OR: OverRun
(Hardware)
ORB: Object Request Broker
ORBS: Open Relay Behaviour-modification
System O
ORDBMS: Object Relational DataBase
Management System
(Databases)
ORDVAC: ORDnance Variable Automatic
Computer
ORI: Online Retrieval Interface
ORK: Office Resource Kit
(Software) (Microsoft)
ORM: Optical Remote Module
ORMS: Operating Resource Management
System
(Software)
OROM: Optical Read Only Memory
(Hardware)
ORPC: Object Remote Procedure Call
(Software)
ORS: Output Record Separator
ORSS: Optical Recognition System
Simulator
OS: Operating System
A collection of programs that monitor the use of the system and
supervise the other programs executed by it (Operating
systems)
Page 105 of 161
 OS-9: Operating System-9 OSR: Oem Service Release

OS/2: Operating System 2 OSS: Operating System-Specific

(Operating systems) (IBM)
OSS: Open Source Software
OS/360: Operating System/360 (Software)
OS/400: Operating System/400 OST: Offline STorage

OS/E: Operating System/Environment OSTA: Optical Storage Technology

Association
OSA: Open Scripting Architecture (Organizations)
OSA: Open System Architecture OSW/L2: Operating System-9
Windows/Level 2
OSCE: OfficeScan Corporate Edition
OT: Object Technology
OSCRL: Operating System Command
Response Language OTA: Office of Technology Assessment

OSD: Open Software Description OTA: Operation-Triggered Architecture

OSD: On-Screen Display OTDR: Optical Time Domain Reflectometer

(Hardware)
OTF: Open Token Foundation
OSDS: Operating System for Distributed
Switching OTN: Oracle Technology Network
(Oracle)
OSE: Open Systems Environment
OTOH: On The Other Hand
OSE: Office Server Extension (Messages)
(Software) (Microsoft)
OTP: One-Time Password
OSF: Operation System Function
OTP: One-Time Programmable
OSF: Open Software Foundation
(Organizations) OTPROM: One-Time Programmable Read
Only Memory
OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health
Administration OTS: Object Transaction Service
(Organizations)
OU: Organizational Unit
OSI: Open Systems Interconnection
(Communication) OUCL: Oxford University Computing
Laboratory
OSI/RM: Open Systems
O Interconnection/Reference Model OUG: Occam User Group
OSIG: Online Special Interest Group OUI: Organizationally Unique Identifier
OSM: Optical Storage Manager OURS: Open User Recommended Solutions
group
OSM: Operating system-Specific Module
OUTS: OUTput String
OSM: On-Screen Manager
(Hardware) (NEC) OV: OVerflow
OSM: On-Screen Menu OVAL: Object-based Virtual Application
Language
OSME: Open Systems Message Exchange
OVL: OVerLay
OSN: Office System Node File name extension
OSN: Open Systems Network OVR: OVeRlay
File name extension
OSP: Ole db Simple Provider
(Databases) (Microsoft) OWA: Outlook Web Access
(Network) (Microsoft)
OSP: Optical Signal Processing
(Hardware) OWG: Optical WaveGuide

OSP: Optical Storage Processor OWL: Object Windows Library

(Software) (Inprise)
OSP: On-Screen Programming

OSPF: Open Shortest Path First

An Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) specified by the Internet
Engineering Task Force (IETF) (Network)
OSQL: Object Structured Query Language

Page 106 of 161

 P
p: Pico PAF: Postal Address File
Prefix for 10 power -12
PAIH: Public-Access Internet Host
P&D: Plug & Display
PAIS: Public-Access Internet Site
P&M: Personalization & Membership
(Microsoft) PAK: PAcKed
File name extension
P&S: Publish & Subscribe
PAL: Privileged Architecture Library
P-JPEG: Progressive Joint Photographic
Experts Group PAL: Programmable Assembly Language
Compressed images file format
PAL: Programmable Array Logic
P-POP: Plain-Paper Optimized Printing (Hardware)
(Hardware) (Canon)
PAL: Paradox Application Language
P-RAM: Parameter Random Access Memory (Databases) (Inprise)

P-SRAM: Pseudo-Static Random Access PAL: Phase Alternate Line

Memory European TV standard. A composite color standard similar to
NTSC, except that the v-axis subcarrier reference signal inverts
P/N: Part Number in phase at the horizontal line rate

P/PC: Palm Personal Computer PAL: PALette

(Hardware) File name extension

P/T: Part Time PAL-SLM: Parallel-Aligned Liquid crystal

Spa tial Light Modulator
P2C2: Pantone Personal Color Calibrator (Hardware)
(Pantone)
PALC: Plasma-Addressed Liquid Crystal
P2P: Peer To Peer Display technology

P2P: Point To Point PALS: Principles of the Alphabet Literacy

P2SC: Power 2 Super Chip
IBM's Deep Blue processor (Hardware) (IBM)
P3P: Platform for Privacy Preferencies
Project
PA: Precision Architecture
(Hardware) (HP)
PA-RISC: Precision Architecture Reduced
Instruction Set Computer
(HP)
PAB: Personal Address Book
PABX: Private Automatic Branch eXchange
(Hardware)
PAC: Privilege Attribute Certificate
System
PAM: Primary Access Method
PAM: Programmable Attribute Map
PAM: Paging Area Memory
P
PAM: Pulse-Amplitude Modulation
(Communication)
PAM: Plug-in Authentication Module
PAN: Personal Account Number
PAN: Personal Area Network
(Network)
PAP: Password Authentication Protocol
A security provision in point-to-point protocol (PPP) (Network)

PAC: Platform Adaptor Component PAP: Printer Access Protocol

PAC: Perceptual Audio Coder PAP: PAcket-level Procedure

(Hardware)
PAR: Parallel
PACE: Priority Access Control Enabled
(3Com) PAR: Project Authorization Request
PACS: Picture Archiving and PAR: Personal Animation Recorder
Communication System
PARC: Palo Alto Research Center
PACS-L: Public Access Computer Systems
List PAS: Publicly Available Specification
PAD: Packet Assembler/Disassembler
PAS: PAScal
(Software)
File name extension
PADS: Pen Application Development System

Page 107 of 161

 PAS/2: Personal Application System/2 PCDA: Program Controlled Data Acquisition

PAT: Port Address Translator PCEB: PCi to Eisa Bridge

(Communication) (Intel)
PAT: PATtern PCFS: Personal Computer FIle System
File name extensions A file system specification that provides the capability to read
and write files in DOS format on the SPARC (Operating
PATN: Port Access Telephone Number systems) (Sun)
PAV: Parallel Access Volumes PCI: Protocol Control Information
The protocol information added by an OSI entity to the service
PAX: Portable Archive eXchange data unit passed down from the layer above, which together
form a protocol data unit (PDU)
PB: Pipeline Burst
Cache memory architecture (Hardware) PCI: Peripheral Component Interconnect
A 32-bit bus providing a maximum 132 Mbyte/sec data transfer
PBA: Printed Board Assembly rate. PCI devices have autoconfiguration capabilities and do not
have to be configured by users (Hardware)
PBD: PowerBuilder Dynamic library
(Databases) (Sybase) PCIC: Pc-Card Interrupt Controller

PBE: Prompt By Example PCL: Portable Common Loops

PBGA: Plastic Ball Grid Array PCL: Programmable Command Language

(Hardware)
PCL: Process Control Language
PBI: Phone Based Interface
PCL: Printer Control Language
PBM: Play By Mail (HP)
PBOT: Physical Beginning of Tape PCM: Physical Connection Management
(Hardware)
PCM: Printer Cartridge Metric
PBX: Private Branch eXchange (HP)
(Communication)
PCM: Pulse Code Modulation
PC: Program Counter (Communication)
A CPU register that contains the address (location) of the
instruction to be executed next in the program sequence PCM: Personal Computer Manufacturer
PC: Personal Computer PCMA: Paired Carrier Multiple Access
PC: Printed Circuit PCMC: Pci, Cache and Memory Controller
(Intel)
PC-DOS: Personal Computer - Disk
Operating System PCMCIA: Personal Computer Memory Card
(IBM) International Association
P PC-I/O: Program Controlled Input/Output
An organization that supports several standards for a compact
hardware interface that accepts a variety of devices
(Organizations)
PC/IXF: Personal Computer Intergrated
eXchange Format PCMIM: Personal Computer Media Interface
Module
PC/TCP: Personal Computer/Transmission
Control Protocol PCMS: Project and Configuration
Management System
PCA: Power Calibration Area
PCN: Public Communications Network
PCA: Payment gateway Certification
Authority PCN: Personal Computer Network
PCACIAS: Personal Computer Automated PCNFS: Personal Computer Network File
Calibration Interval Analysis System System
PCAV: Partial Constant Angular Velocity PCO: Point of Control and Observation
(Hardware)
PCR: Processor Configuration Register
PCB: Printed Circuit Board
(Hardware) PCR: Packet Cell Rate
PCB: Program Control Block PCS: Personal Computing System
PCBC: Plain Cipher Block Chaining (Hardware)
PCS: Personal Communication Service
PCBO: Personal Computer Branch Office
(IBM) PCS: Personal Conferencing Specification
PCD: Photo Compact Disc PCS: Project Control System
File format for digitized photos (Kodak)

Page 108 of 161

PCS: Program Counter Store
PCS: Process Control Systems
PCS: Patchable Control Store
PCS: Planning Control Sheet
PCS: Print Contrast Signal
PCSA: Personal Computing Systems
Architecture
PCT: Private Communication Technology
(Communication)
PCT: PiCTure
File name extension
PCTE: Portable Common Tool Environment
PCX: PiCture eXchange
File name extension
PD: Phase change Dual
Optical recording system (Hardware) (Matsushita)
PD: Personal Display
(Hardware)
PD: Public Domain
PDA: Personal Digital Assistant
PDB: Pilot Database
File name extension (3Com)
PDC: Primary Domain Controller
(Network) (Microsoft)
PDC: Professional Developer Conference
(Microsoft)
PDC: Personal Digital Cellular
(Hardware)
PDD: Physical Device Driver
PDD: Portable Digital Document
PDES: Product Data Exchange Specification
PDF: Portable Document Format
File format for document interchange (Adobe)
PDF: Printer Description File
File name extension (Inprise)
PDF: Program Development Facility
PDF: Package Definition File
PDF: Processor Defined Function
PDH: Plesiosynchronous Digital Hierarchy
PDI: Power and Data Interface
PDIAL: Public Dialup Internet Access List
PDK: Product Development Kit
(Network) (Intel)
PDL: Program Design Language
PDL: Page Description Language
PDL: Program Description Language
PDM: Program Development Manager
PDM: Product Data Management
PDN: Public Data Network
(Network)
PDO: Portable Distributed Objects
(Operating systems)
PDP: Plasma Display Panel
(Hardware)
PDP: Parallel Data Processing
PDP: Programmable Data Processor
PDP: Policy Decision Point
The point where policy decisions are made, responsible for
handling policy decisions on behalf of PEPs (Network)
PDP: Primary Dos Partition
(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
PDQ: Parallel Data Queries
PDQ: Pretty Darn Quick
(Messages)
PDS: Partitioned Data Set
(Databases) (IBM)
PDS: Processor Direct Slot
(Apple)
PDS: Professional Developer's Summit
(Microsoft)
PDS: Planetary Data System
PDS: Packet Driver Specification
PDS: Portable Document Software
PDSP: Peripheral Data Storage Processor
PDSS: Post Development and Software
Support
PDT: Performance Diagnostic Tool
(IBM)
P
PDT: Pacific Daylight Time
Timezone: GMT -8:00
PDT: Programmable Drive Table
PDT: Programmable Drive Table
PDU: Protocol Data Unit
The ISO/OSI term for packet. A PDU is a data object
exchanged by protocol machines (entities) within a given layer.
PDUs consist of both protocol control information (PCI) and
user data
PDU: Plug Distribution Unit
PDW: Package and Deployment Wizard
(Microsoft)
PDX: ParaDoX
File name extension (Inprise)
PDX: Phone Data eXchange
(Hardware)
PDX: Printer Description eXtension
PE: Phase Encoding
PE: Parity Error
(Hardware)
Page 109 of 161
 PE: Processing Element PET: Personal Electronic Transactor
(Hardware) Commodore's first personal computer (Hardware)
PE: Portable Executable PEX: Phigs Extension to X
File format for Win32 programs (Software) (Microsoft) A protocol for 3-D graphics in a network window system that
supports both PHIGS and PHIGS PLUS features
PE: Protect Enable
PFA: Predictive Failure Analysis
PE: Parity Even
PFB: Printer Font Binary
PEA: Pocket Ethernet Adapter File name extension

PEARL: Process and Experiment PFE: Programmer's File Editor

Automation Realtime Language
PFM: Printer Font Metrics
PEC: Program Execution Control File name extension

PEEK: Partners Early Experience Kit PFN: Page Frame Number

PEEL: Programmable Electrically Erasable PFPU: Processor Frame Power Unit

Logic
PFR: Power Fail Restart
(Hardware)
PEL: Picture ELement PFS: Parallel File System
(IBM) (Operating systems)

PEM: Privacy Enhanced Mail PFX: Personal inFormation eXchange

(Network) (Microsoft)

PEM: Port Expander Module PGA: Programmable Gate Array

IC pins organization (Hardware)
PEOT: Physical End Of Tape
PGA: Pin Grid Array
(Hardware)
Pin organization (Hardware)
PEP: Point-Edge-Polygon
Type of graphics editor (Software)
PGA: Professional Graphics Adapter
(IBM)
PEP: Policy Enforcement Point
A port on a network device where the policy decisions are
PGC: Program Group Control
actually enforced (Network) (Microsoft)

PEP: Packetized Ensemble Protocol PGD: Planar Gas Discharge

Display technology (Hardware)
PEP: Packet Exchange Protocol
PGDN: PaGe DowN
PERC: PowerEdge Raid Controller
PGL: Professional Graphics Language
(Hardware) (Dell)
PERC: Portable Environment for Real-time PGM: ProGraM
P Control
PGML: Precision Graphics Markup Language
(Operating systems)
(Adobe)
PERL: Practical Extraction Report Language
PGP: Pretty Good Privacy
A flexible programming language especially designed for
Encryption program (Software)
processing text (Software)
PERM: Pre-Embossed Rigid Magnetic PGP: ProGram Parameter
(Hardware) File name extension (Autodesk)

PEROM: Programmable Erasable Read Only PGUP: PaGe UP

Memory PHB: Per-Hop-Behavior
PERT: Program Evaluation and Review The forwarding treatment given to a specific class of traffic,
Technique based on criteria defined in the Differentiated Service field.
Routers and switches use PHBs to determine priorities for
PES: Proposed Encryption Standard servicing various traffic flows (Network)

PES: Packetized Elementary Stream PHIGS: Programmer's Hierarchical

(Communication) Interactive Graphics Standard
An international standard 3-D graphics library consisting of a
PES: Positioning Error Signal graphical tool set for application developers. PHIGS uses
hierarchical data structures. You can create, alter, manipulate,
PES: Processor Enhancement Socket and store objects dynamically

PET: Progressive Educational Technology PHIGS PLUS: Programmer's Hierarchical

Interactive Graphics Standard Plus Lumiere
PET: Print Enhancement Technology Und Surfaces
(Compaq) An extension to PHIGS that includes additional capabilities,
such as lighting from single and multiple sources, depth-cueing,
NURBS, and complex geometric primitives

Page 110 of 161

PHS: Personal Handphone System PIN: Positive Intrinsic Negative

PHY: PHisical laYer PINE: Pine Is Not Elm

PI: Program Interruption PING: Packet INternet Groper

(Network)
PIA: Peripheral Interface Adapter
(Hardware) PIO: Programmable Input/Output
(Hardware)
PIC: Point In Call
PIO: Processor Input/Output
PIC: Programmable Interrupt Controller
PIO: Parallel Input/Output
PIC: Priority Interrupt Controller
(Hardware) PIP: Packet Interface Port

PIC: Personal Information Carrier PIP: Periphal Interchange Program

PIC: Personal Intelligent Communicator PIP: Personal Information Processor

PICS: Protocol Implementation PIP: Picture In Picture

Conformance Statement (Hardware)
PICS: Plug-in Inventory Control System PIP: Programmable Interconnect Point

PICS: Platform for Internet Content PIP: Problem Isolation Procedure

Selection
PIP: Pattern and Information Processing
PICS/DCPR: Protocol Implementation
Conformance Statement/Detailed PIPO: Parallel In, Parallel Out
Continuing Property Record
PIR: Protocol Independent Routing
PICT: PICTure
PIT: Programmable Interval Timer
PID: Proportional, Integral, Derivative (Hardware)
PID: Product IDentifier PIU: Path Information Unit
PID: Personal IDentifier PJL: Printer Job Language
(Software) (Hardware) (HP)
PID: Process IDentifier PJPEG: Progressive Joint Photographic
A unique, system-wide, identification number assigned to a Experts Group
process. Also called process ID, process number (Operating Compressed images file format
systems)
PK: Primary Key
PIER: Procedures for Internet/Enterprise (Databases)
Renumbering
PIF: Program Information File
PKC: Public Key Cryptography P
File name extension (Microsoft) PKCS: Public Key Cryptography Standard
PIF: Picture Interchange Format PKE: Private Key Encryption
File name extension
PII: Pentium 2 PKI: Public Key Infrastructure
(Hardware) (Intel) PL: Perl Language
PII: Program Integrated Information File name extension

PIII: Pentium 3 PL-LCD: PhotoLuminescent Liquid Cristal

(Hardware) (Intel) Display
(Hardware)
PIIX: Pci Ide/Isa Accelerator
PL-OU: Physical Layer Overhead Unit
PILOT: Programmed Inquiry Learning Or
Teaching PL/1: Programming Language/1
Programming language (Software)
PIM: Protocol Independent Multicast
PL/IP: Parallel Line Internet Protocol
PIM: Personal Information Manager
PL/M: Programming Language for
PIM: Primary Interface Module Microcomputers
(Microsoft)
PIN: Processor Independent Netware
PL/SQL: Procedural Language/Structured
PIN: Process Identification Number Query Language
(Databases) (Oracle)
PIN: Personal Identification Number

Page 111 of 161

 PLA: Programmable Logic Array
An array of logic elements. Its interconnections are
programmable after manufacture (Hardware)
PLATO: Programmed Logic for Automatic
Teaching Operations
PLB: Picture Level Benchmark
In computer graphics, an industry-standard benchmark method
used to measure graphics performance
PLBSI: Picture Level Benchmark Sample
Implementation
PLC: Programmable Logic Controller
(Hardware)
PLCC: Plastic Leadless Chip Carrier
PMAC: Peripheral Module Access Controller
PMD: Physical layer, Medium Dependent
PMD: Packet Mode Data
PMI: Protected Mode Interface
PMMU: Paged Memory Management Unit
(Hardware)
PMOS: Positive Channel Metal Oxide
Semiconductor
PMP: Point to MultiPoint
PMP: Preventive Maintenance Package

PLCP: Physical Layer Convergence PMP: Portable Music Player

(Hardware)
Procedure
PLD: Programmable Logic Device PMR: Problem Management Report
(IBM)
(Hardware)
PLDI: Programming Language Design and PMS: Policy Management System
Implementation PMT: PhotoMultiuplier Tube
PLDS: Pilot Land Data System Scanning sensor (Hardware)
(NASA) PMU: PowerMeter Unit
PLE: Programmable Logic Element
(Hardware)
PN: Processing Node

PLIP: Parallel Line Internet Protocol PNA: Phoneline Networking Alliance

(Communication) (Organizations)

PLL: Phase-Locked Loop PNA: Programmable Network Access

PLL: PreLinked Library PnD: Plug aNd Display

File name extension (Hardware)

PLMN: Public Land Mobile Network PNG: Portable Network Graphics

File format for graphics network transmission
PLO: Phase Locked Oscillator
(Hardware)
PNNI: Public Network Node Interface

PLS: PhysicaL Signaling PNNI: Private Network to Network Interface

P PLS: Primary Link Station PnP: Plug aNd Play

PLU: Primary Logical Unit PNS: PeaceNet Sweden

PLV: Production Level Video PNW: Personal NetWare

PM: Peripheral Module PO: Parity Odd

PM: Phase Modulation POA: PostOfiice Agent

(Novell)
PM: Programming Model
(Software) (Microsoft)
POC: Point Of Contact

PM: Presentation Manager POD: Proof of Deposit

Software system used by financial institutions to verify teller
PM: Power Management transactions. Usually consists of reader/sorter control software,
(Hardware) reject-reentry system, and reporting systems (Software)

PM: Preventative Maintenance POD: Power On Display

PM: Process Manager POD: Publishing On Demand

PM/X: Presentation Manager for X POD: Plain Old Dos

PMA: Program Memory Area POE: Power Open Environment

PMA: Physical Medium Attachment POEP: Primary Operand Execution Pipeline

PMA: Photo Marketing Association POF: Plastic Optic Fiber

(Organizations)
POH: Path OverHead

Page 112 of 161

POH: Power-On Hours POV: Point Of View
(Messages)
POI: Path Overhead Indicator
POWER: Performance Optimization With
POI: Point Of Interaction Enhanced Risc
(IBM)
POI: Point Of Information
PowerPC: Performance Optimization With
POI: Point Of Interest Enhanced Risc Performance Computing

POL: Problem Oriented Language PP: Physical Plane

POOL: Parallel Object Oriented Language PP: Physical Partition

POP: Package for Online Programming PP: Parallel Port

POP: PostOffice Protocol PPA: Pixel Processing Accelerator

A standard protocol used for retrieving e-mail from a mail (Hardware)
server (Network) PPC: PowerPC
POP: Point Of Presence
PPC: Program to Program Communication
(Network)
POP3: PostOffice Protocol 3 PPD: PostScript Printer Description
File name extension
POPA: POP All registers
PPDS: Personal Printer Data Stream
POPF: POP Flags (IBM)
PPGA: Plastic Pin Grid Array
POPL: Principles of Programming
Languages PPI: Programmable Peripheral Interface
POR: Point Of Return
PPI: Precise Pixel Interpolation
POR: Plan Of Record
ppi: Pixels Per Inch
POR: Power-On-Reset
PPID: Parent Process IDentifier
POS: POSitive
PPL: Pcboard Programming Language
POS: Point Of Sale
(Hardware)
PPL: Polymorphic Programming Language

POS: Programmable Option Select PPM: Pulse Position Modulation

POS: Packet Over Sonet ppm: Pages Per Minute

(Network) Printing engine speed (Hardware)

POS: Persistent Object Server PPN: Project Programmer Number P

POS: Parent Over Shoulder PPP: Point to Point Protocol
(Network)
POSE: Picture-Oriented Software
Engineering PPPoE: Point to Point Protocol Over
Ethernet
POSI: Promoting conference for Open (Network)
System Interconnect
PPPoI: Point to Point Protocol Over Isdn
POSIX: Portable Operating System for unIX (Network)
A set of standards that define the applications interface to basic
system services for input/output, file system access, and PPS: Public Packet Switching
process management. It uses the C programming language,
which establishes standard semantics and syntax (Operating PPS: Power Personal Systems
systems) (IBM)
POST: Power On Self Test PPS: Packets Per Second
Personal computer boot test (Network)
POSTNET: POSTal Numeric Encoding PPT: PowerPoinT
Technique File format for slide presentations (Microsoft)
Bar code
PPTP: Point to Point Tunneling Protocol
POSYBL: PrOgramming SYstem for A system designed to help create Virtual Private Networks over
distriButed appLications the Internet and protect the data sent over public wires
(Network)
POTS: Plain Old Telephone Service
PQ: PowerQuest
POTS: Plain Old Time Sharing Manufacturer
(Operating systems) PQFP: Plastic Quad Flat Package

Page 113 of 161

 PR: Packet Radio PROM: Programmable Read Only Memory
A permanent memory chip programmed by the user rather than
PR: Public Relations at the chip manufacturer, as is true with a ROM. You need a
PROM programmer or burner to write data onto a PROM
PR: Performance Rating (Hardware)
(Hardware)
PROMATS: PROgrammable MAgnetic Tape
PRACSA: Public Remote Access Computer System
Standards Association
PROTEL: Procedure Oriented Type
PRAM: Parallel Random-Access Machine Enforcing Language
PRAM: Parameter Random Access Memory PRTSC: PRinT SCreen

PRC: Pilot Resource PS: Privilege Service

File name extension (3Com)
PS: PostScript
PRD: PRinter Driver File format for graphic printers
File name extension
PS: Personal Services
PReP: Powerpc REference Platform Office automation integrated programs (Software)

PREPNet: Pennsylvania Research and PS: Presentation Services

Economic Partnership NETwork
PS: Power Supply
PRF: Problem Report Form (Hardware)

PRF: PReFerences PS: Proportional Spacing

File name extension
PS/2: Personal System 2
PRF: Pulse Repetition Frequency IBM personal computer family (Hardware) (IBM)

PRI: Primary Rate Interface PSAPI: Presentation Space Application

An ISDN standard, similar to basic rate interface (BRI), defined Programming Interface
by CCITT protocol, but providing multiple B channels (23 or 30)
PSC: Print Server Command
supported by a single D channel (Communication)
PRIDE: PRofitable Information by DEsign PSC: Product Service Center

PRISM: Parallel Reduced Instruction Set PSC: Personal Super Computer

Multiprocessing
PSC: Primary Site Controller
PRISM: PhotoRefractive Information (Operating systems) (Microsoft)
Storage Materials
PSCNet: Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center
(Hardware)
NETwork
PRJ: PRoJect
PSD: Programmer's Supplementary
File name extension (Inprise)
Documents
P PRMD: PRivate Management Domain
PSD: Postal Security Device
PRML: Partial-Response Maximum- (Hardware)
Likelihood PSDC: Public Switched Digital Capability
PRN: Printer
PSDN: Packet-Switched Data Network
PRNG: Pseudo-Random Number Generator (Network)
PSDS: Packet-Switched Data Service
PRO: PROfile
(Communication)
File name extension
PSE: Packet Switch Exchange
PROC: PROCedure
PSE: Port Switched Ethernet
PROCFS: PROCess FIle System
A type of file system that resides in memory. The PROCFS PSE: Persistent Storage Engine
contains a list of active processes, by process number, in the
(Databases)
/proc directory. Information in the /proc directory is used by
commands such as ps (Operating systems) PSF: Print Services Facility
PROFS: PRofessional OFfice System
PSF: Permanent Swap File
(IBM)
PROG: PROGram PSID: PostScript Image Data

PROGID: PROGrammatic IDentifier PSIU: Packet Switch Interface Unit

(Software)
PSK: Phase-Shift Keying
PROLOG: PROgramming in LOGic (Communication)
Programming language (Software)
PSL: Problem Statement Language

Page 114 of 161

PSL: Public Software Library
PSM: Personal Software Marketing
PSM: Persistent Storage Module
(Databases)
PTT: Postal Telegraph and Telephone
(Organizations)
PTW: Primary Translation Word
PTY: Pseudo-Terminal driver

PSM: Printing Systems Manager PU: Physical Unit

(Hardware)
PSN: Processor Serial Number
(Hardware) PUB: PUBlic

PSN: Packet Switching Network PUC: Peripheral Unit Controller

A node in the ARPANET and MILNET, formerly called an
interface message processor (IMP) (Network) PUC: Public Utilities Commission
PSP: Personal Software Product PUCP: Physical Unit Control Point
(IBM)
PUN: Physical Unit Number
PSP: Program Segment Prefix
PUP: Parc Universal Packet
PSPDN: Packet-Switched Public Data
Protocol
Network
PURL: Persistent Uniform Resource Locator
PSR: PowerSoft Report
Instead of pointing directly to the location of an Internet
(Databases) (Sybase) resource, a PURL points to an intermediate resolution service.
PSRAM: PseudoStatic Random Access The PURL resolution service associates the PURL with the
actual URL and returns that URL to the client.
Memory
(Hardware) PUS: Processor Upgrade Socket
PSRG: Privacy and Security Research Group PUSHA: PUSH All registers
PSRT: PostScript Round Table PUSHF: PUSH Flags
PSS: Packet Switch Services PV: Physical Volume
PSS: Product Support Service PVC: Permanent Virtual Circuit
Dedicated end-to-end virtual circuit that is set up permanently in
PST: Pacific Standard Time
an ATM network (Network)
Timezone: GMT -8:00
PVC: PolyVinyl Chloride
PST: Pakistan Standard Time
Timezone: GMT +5:00 PVM: Perc Virtual Machine
PSTN: Public Switched Telephone Network (Operating systems)
PVM: Pass-through Virtual Machine
PSU: Program Storage Unit
(IBM)
PSU: Power Supply Unit PVM: Parallel Virtual Machine
P
PSW: Program Status Word PVP: Packet Video Protocol
PT: Payload Type PVP: Parallel Vector Processing
PT: Page Table PVS: Parallel Visualization Server
PTD: Parallel Transfer Disk PW: PassWord
PTE: Path Terminating Equipment PWB: Programmer's WorkBench
(Microsoft)
PTE: Page Table Entry
PWB: Printed Wire Board
PTF: Problem Temporary Fix
(IBM) PWD: Print Working Directory
PTF: Print To Fax PWM: Pulse-Width Modulation
Fax driver for Lotus Domino Fax Server (Software) (Communication)
PTI: Packet Type Identifier PWP: Personal Web Pages
(Microsoft)
PTML: Proxicom Template Markup Language
PWPN: PowWow for Private Networks
PTOCA: Presentation Text Object Content Instant messaging program (Software)
Architecture
PWR: PoWeR
PTR: Point-in-Time Repair
Backup disaster recovery procedure (Software) PWS: Programmable WorkStation
(Hardware)

Page 115 of 161

 PWS: Personal Web Server
(Network)
PWS: Peer Web Services
(Network) (Microsoft)
PWSCS: Programmable WorkStation
Communication Services
(IBM)
PX: Primary indeX
(Inprise)
PXE: Preboot eXecution Environment

Page 116 of 161

 Q
Q&A: Questions & Answers QLI: Query Language Interpreter

QA: Quality Assurance QLLC: Qualified Logical Link Control

QAM: Quadrature Amplitude Modulation QMF: Query Management Facility

(Communication) (IBM)

QAS: Quasi-Associated Signaling QMT: Quicken Memorized lisT

File name extension (Intuit)
QBE: Query By Example
QNX: Quicken iNdeXes
(Databases)
File name extension (Intuit)
QBF: Query by Form
QoS: Quality Of Service
QBIC: Query By Image Content QoS can be characterized by several basic performance
(Databases) criteria, including availability, response time and throughput,
lost calls or transmissions due to network congestion,
QC: Quantum Coprocessor connection set-up time, and speed of fault detection and
(Hardware) correction (Network)

QC: Quality Control QoSR: Qualiy Of Service Raouting

A dynamic routing protocol that has expanded its path-selection
QCDP: Quality Color Dithering Modus criteria to include QoS parameters such as available bandwidth,
link and end-to-end path utilization, node resources
QCIF: Quarter Common source consumption, delay and latency, and induced jitter (Network)
Intermediate Format QPA: Quad Port Acceleration
A video format in which frames are 180 pixels wide and 144
(Hardware) (Intel)
pixels high (1/4 the size of the CIF format). Each pixel has its
own luminance value; however, blocks of 4 pixels share QPG: Quantum Phase Gate
chrominance values
QPL: Qualified Product List
QD: Querty/Dvorak
Keyboard layout QPSK: Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying
QDA: Qualitative Data Analysis (Communication)
QSAM: Queued Sequential Access Method
QDI: Quicken DIctionary
File name extension (Intuit) QT: QuickTime
QDL: Quadri Data Layer File Format for movies (Apple)
QTAM: Queued Teleprocessing Access
QDOS: Quick and Dirty Operating System
Method
MS-DOS ancestor (Operating systems)
(IBM)
QDT: Quicken DaTa
QTC: QuickTime Conferencing Q
File name extension (Intuit)
(Apple)
QEA: Queued Event Architecture
QTD: Quarter To Date
QEMM: Quarterdeck Expanded Memory Time series function
Manager QUARC: QUarterdeck's Antivirus Research
(Operating systems) (Quarterdeck) Center
QFA: Quick File Access (Quarterdeck)
QUEL: QUEry Language
QFE: Quick Fix Engineering
(Software) QXGA: Quad eXtended Graphics Array
QFP: Quicken Financial Planner Video specification for a resolution of 2048 X 1536 pixels
(Software) (Intuit) (Hardware)

QFP: Quad Flat Pack

QIC: Quality Information using Cycle time

QIC: Quarter-Inch Cartridge

An industry-standard 1/4-inch magnetic tape cartridge used for
data backup or storage (Hardware)
QIF: Quicken Interchange Format
File format for financial data (Software)
QKD: Quantum Key Distribution

Page 117 of 161

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Page 118 of 161

 R
R&D: Research & Development RAND: Rural Area Network Design

R/O: Read Only RAND: RANDom

R/T: Receive/Transmit RAP: Rapid Application Prototyping

R/W: Read/Write RAPI: Remote access Application

Programming Interface
RA: Return Authorization (Software) (Microsoft)

RA: Real Audio RAPI: Rsvp Application Programming

File name extension
RAB: Raid Advisory Board
Industry organization of manufacturers and users of disk
systems and related products whose mission is to educate
users regarding all aspects of storage technology, and in
particular, RAID technology. (Organizations)
RACF: Resource Access Control Facility
RACMan: Remote Automation Connection
MANager
(Network)
RAD: Rapid Access Disk
Interface
An RSVP-specific API that enables applications to interface
explicitly with an RSVP process (Network)
RAPS: Real Application on Parallel Systems
RARE: Reseaux Associés pour la Recherche
Européenne
The European Association of Research Networks. Now called
TERENA (Network)
RARP: Reverse Address Resolution Protocol
(Network)
RAS: Row-Address Strobe

RAD: Rapid Application Development RAS: Remote Access Service

(Network)
RADAR: RAdio Detection And Ranging
RAS: Reliability, Availability, Serviceability
RADAR: Rights, Availabilities, Distribution
Analysis and Reporting RAS: Random Access Storage

RADB: Routing Arbiter Data Base RAS: Reader Admission System

RADIUS: Remote Authentication Dial-In RASAPI: Remote Access Service Application

User Service Programming Interface
RADSL: Rate Adaptive Digital Subscriber (Microsoft)
Line RATP: Reliable Asynchronous Transfer
(Communication) Protocol
RAG: Row Address Generator RAVE: Rendering Acceleration Virtual
Engine
RAID: Redundant Array of Inexpensive (Apple)
Disks
(Hardware) RB: Right Button R
RAIS: Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive RBA: Relative Byte Address
Systems
RBBS: Remote Bulletin Board System
RALU: Register-equipped Arithmetic Logic
Unit RBCS: Remote Bar Code System
(Hardware)
RBF: Random Block Filemanager
RAM: Random Access Memory
(Hardware) RBH: Remote Bridge Hub
RAM: Real Audio Metafile RBL: Realtime Black List
File name extension Antispam tool
RAMDAC: Random Access Memory Digital to RBOC: Regional Bell Operating Company
Analog Converter The local telephone company in each of the seven U.S. regions.
Chip on a video board that generates the analog video signals (Communication)
(Hardware)
RC: Release Candidate
RAMP: Remote Access Maintenance Protocol Pre-release version of a program (Software)
(Network)
RC: Resource Compiler
RAMP: Risk Analysis and Management (Software)
Program

Page 119 of 161

 RCA: Radio Corporation of America
(Organizations)
RCC: Remote Cluster Controller
RCF: Reader's Comment Form
RCL: Rotate Carry Left
RCP: Restore Cursor Position
RCP: Remote CoPy
RCP: Remote Control Panel
RCR: Rotate Carry Right
RCS: Records Communications System
RCS: Revision Control System
RCSS: Records Communications Switching
System
RCTC: Rewritable Consumer Time Code
RD: Recursive Design
RD: Receive Data
(Hardware)
RD: Remove Directory
RD-LAP: Radio Data Link Access Protocol
RDA: Remote Data Access
RDAO: Remote Data Access Object
(Software) (Microsoft)
RDB: Rigid Disk Block
RDB: Relational DataBase
(Databases)
RDB: Receive Data Buffer
RDBMS: Relational DataBase Management
System
(Software)
RDBMS-MIB: Relational DataBase
Management System - Management
R Information Base
RDC: Remote Data Control
(Microsoft)
RDC: Ricoh Digital Camera
(Hardware) (Ricoh)
RDD: Replicable Database Driver
RDE: Receive Data Enable
(Hardware)
RDES: Remote Data Entry System
RDF: Resource Description Framework
(Netscape)
RDF: Resource Definition Format
(Software)
RDI: Remote Defect Indicator
RDL: Remote Digital Loopback
RDM: Reliably Delivered Message
Page 120 of 161
RDM: Remote Diagnostic Manager
(Operating systems) (Acer)
RDM: Remote Data Module
RDN: Relative Distinguished Name
(Operating systems)
RDO: Remote Data Object
RDOS: Real-time Disk Operating System
(Operating systems)
RDP: Remote Display (or Desktop) Protocol
(Network) (Microsoft)
RDP: Reliable Datagram Protocol
RDRAM: Rambus Dynamic Random Access
Memory
(Hardware)
RDS: Radio Digital System
RDS: Remote Data Service
(Databases)
RDSR: Receiver Data Service Request
RDT: Radio Digital Terminal
RDTO: Receive Data Transfer Offset
(IBM)
RDX: Realistic Display miXer
RE/TM: Rare Earth/Transition Metal
REC: RECorder
File name extension
RED: Random Early Detection
A congestion-avoidance algorithm developed in the early 1990s
built on the base-level TCP behavior of automatically slowing
transmissions when packet loss is detected (Network)
REF: REFerence
REG: REGister
REGAL: Rigid Epoxy Glass Acrylic Laminate
REGEX: REGular EXpression
REGIS: REmote Graphics Instruction Set
ReLaTe: REmote LAnguage TEaching
RELSECT: RELative SECTor
REM: Remote Equipment Module
REM: REMote
REM: REMark
REM: Ring Error Monitor
REN: Ringer Equivalence Number
REN: REName
REP: REPeat
REPE: REPeat while Equal
REPNE: REPeat while Not Equal
REPNZ: REPeat while Not Zero
REPZ: REPeat while Zero RIAA: Recording Industry Association of
America
REQ: REQuest (Organizations)
RES: Remote Execution Service RID: Record IDentifier

RES: RESet RIDE: Rapid Integrated Drive Electronics

(Hardware)
RES: RESolution
RIFF: Resource Interchange File Format
RES: RESource File name extension (Microsoft)
File name extension
RIG: Related Interest Group
RET: Resolution Enhancement Technology
(HP) RIM: Remote Installation and Maintenance
(Microsoft)
RET: RETurn
RIME: Relaynet International Message
RETR: RETRieve Exchange

REX: Relocatable EXecutable RIMM: Rambus In line Memory Module

(Hardware)
REXEC: Remote EXECution
RIP: Raster-Image Processor
REXX: Restructured EXtended eXecutor
RIP: Remote Imaging Protocol
Programming language (IBM)
RF: Radio Frequency RIP: Routing Information Protocol
(Communication) An Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) with Berkeley UNIX
(Network)
RFC: Remote Function Call
RIPE: Reseaux Internet Protocol Européens
(Software)
The European continental TCP/IP network operated by EUnet
RFC: Request For Comments (Network)

RFD: Request for Discussion RIPEM: Riordan's Internet Privacy

Enhanced Mail
RFE: Request for Enhancement RIPES: Reconnaissance Imagery
RFI: Request For Information Processing & Exploitation System
RIPL: Remote Initial Program Load
RFI: Radio Frequency Interference
RIPS: Raster Image Processing System
RFID: Radio Frequency IDentification
RIR: Regional Internet Registry
RFP: Request For Proposal (Network)
RFQ: Request For Quotation RIS: Remote Intallation Service
(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
RFQ: Request For Quote
RISC: Reduced Instruction Set Computer
RFS: Remote File System A computer architecture that uses fewer and less complex
(Operating systems) instructions than complex instruction set computing (CISC).
RFS: Remote File Sharing
Some complex instructions performed by hardware in CISC
computers are done by software in RISC computers (Hardware)
R
RFT: Revisable Form Text RISLU: Remote Integrated Services Line
Unit
RFU: Reserved for Future Use
RIT: Raw Input Thread
RGB: Red Green Blue (Microsoft)
The color systems obtain their colors through a direct RJE: Remote Job Entry
combination of red, green, and blue components. The range of
colors that can be displayed depends on the number of bits that RKRM: Rom Kernel Reference Manual
have been assigned to each pixel (Hardware)
RH: Request (or Response) Header RLD: Received Line Detect

RHCE: Red Hat Certified Engineer RLE: Run Length Encoding

RHD: Removable Hard Drive RLL: Run Length Limited

(Hardware) Magnetic supports read/write technology (Hardware)

RI: Referential Integrity RLN: Remote Lan Node

(Databases)
RLP: Radio Link Protocol
RI: Ring Indicate
RLP: Resource Location Protocol

Page 121 of 161

 RLSD: Received Line Signal Detected ROI: Return On Investment

RLT: Remote Line Test ROL: ROtate Left

RM: Resource Management ROLAP: Relational OnLine Analytical

Processing
RM: Reset Mode
ROM: Read Only Memory
RM: Relay Module (Hardware)
(Hardware)
ROOM: Real-time Object-Oriented Modeling
RMA: Return Material Authorization
ROP: Remote OPeration
RMB: Right Mouse Button
ROP: Risc OPeration
RMD: Required Markup Declaration
ROP: Raster OPeration
RMDIR: ReMove DIRectory The logical operations (called ANDs, ORs, NORs, and so on)
performed on portions of the bit planes—called bitmaps or
RMI: Remote Method Invocation pixmaps—in the frame buffer. These operations perform
(Software) fundamental movements and transfers of pixel data

RMI: Remote Messaging Interface ROR: ROtate Right

RMID: Resource Manager IDentifier ROS: Read-Only Storage

(IBM)
RMM: Ring Management Module
ROSCOE: Remote Operating System
RMON: Resident MONitor Conversational Online Environment
ROSE: Remote Operations Service Element
RMON: Remote MONitoring
A lightweight RPC protocol used in ISO/OSI message handling,
RMP: Remote Maintenance Processor directory, and network management application protocols
(IBM) ROT: Running Object Table
RMS: Reason Maintenance System (Software)
ROT: Rule Of Thumb
RMS: Record Management System
(Operating systems) (DEC) ROTFL: Rolling On The Floor Laughing
RMS: Root Mean Square (Messages)
RP: Relay Party
RMSE: Root Mean Square Error
RPC: Remote Procedure Call
RMT: Raw Magnetic Tape Interprocess communication mechanism (Software)
RMT: Ring ManagemenT RPCL: Remote Procedure Call Language
RMTP: Reliable Message Transport Protocol RPG: Report Program Generator
Programming language (Software)
RMW: Read, Modify, Write
RPL: Remote Program Load
RN: Read News
R RPL: Remote Program Link
RNA: Remote Network Access
(Microsoft) RPL: Resident Programming Language
RND: RaNDom RPL: Requested Privilege Level
RNG: Random Number Generator RPM: Radio Packet Modem
RNI: Raw Native Interface RPM: Red-hat Package Manager
Native interface proposed by Microsoft (Software) (Microsoft) (Operating systems)
RNOC: Regional Network Operations Center rpm: Rounds Per Minute
RNP: Regional Network Provider RPN: Real Page Number
RNR: Receive Not Ready RPN: Reverse Polish Notation
RNS: Run from Network Server RPPROM: ReProgrammable Programmable
(Software) Read Only Memory
RNUI: Remote Network User Identification RPQ: Request for Price Quotation
ROB: ReOrder Buffer RPR: Relative Performance Rating
(Intel)
RPT: RePeaT
ROD: Rewritable Optical Disk

Page 122 of 161

RQBE: Relational Query By Example RSS: Rdf Site Summary
(Microsoft) A universal way for developers to describe their sites
RQN: Real-Quick Newsletter RST: ReSeT
FreeBSD newsletter (Operating systems)
RST: ReSTart
RR: Radio Resource
RSTS: Resource Sharing Time Sharing
RR: Real Reality (DEC)
RRAS: Routing Remote Access Service RSTS/E: Resource System Time
(Network) Sharing/Enhanced
RRCM: Reservation Request Control RSVP: Resource reSerVation Protocol
Mechanism An IETF standard which allows an end device and a network to
negotiate specific QoS characteristics (Network)
RRDS: Relative Record Data Set
RSX: Realistic Sound eXperience
RRIP: Rock Ridge Interchange Protocol
RSX: Realtime resource Sharing eXecutive
RRN: Relative Record Number
RT: Real-Time
RRP: Recommended Retail Price
RT: Risc Technology
RRVP: Resource ReserVation Protocol
(Network) RT: Run Time
RS: Registry Service RT/DSS: Real Time/Decision Support
Service
RS: Recommended Standard
RTAM: Remote Terminal Access Method
RS: Register Select
(Hardware) RTC: Real-Time Clock
(Hardware)
RS: Record Separator
RTDM: Real-Time Data Migration
RS: Radio Shack
RTEL: Reverse TELnet
RS-PC: Reed Solomon Product Code
RTF: Rich Text Format
RSA: Random Scheduling Algorithm File format for documents

RSA: Rivest-Shamir-Adleman RTFM: Read The F***ing Manual

FAQ by beginner (Messages)
RSAC: Recreational Software Advisory
RTG: Real Time Geometry
Council
(Organizations) RTI: ReTurn from Interrupt
RSACI: Recreational Software Advisory
RTL: Resistor Transistor Logic
Council on the Internet
(Organizations) RTL: Run Time Library
RSCS: Remote Spooling Communications
RTL: Right-To-Left
System R
RSD: Route Server Daemon RTL: Register Transfer Language

RSH: Remote SHell RTM: RunTime Manager

(Inprise)
RSI: Repetitive Stress Injury
RTM: Response Time Monitor
RSL: Resilient Server Link
RTMP: Routing Table Maintenance Protocol
RSL: Request-and-Status Link
RTN: Recursive Transition Network
RSM: Route Switch Module (Network)
Basically a router on a card in the switch for routing between RTN: Reuters Transaction Network
Virtual Local Area Networks (Network)
RSM: Remote Storage Management RTOS: Real Time Operating System
(Operating systems) (Microsoft) (Operating systems)

RSP: Required Space Character RTP: Real-time Transport Protocol

(Communication)
RSPX: Remote Sequenced Packet eXchange
RTP: Rapid Transport Protocol
RSS: Relay Spam Stopper
RTR: Real Time Replicator
(Network)

Page 123 of 161

 RTS: Request To Send
Serial port signal (Communication)
RTS: Remote Takeover System

RTSE: Reliable Transfer Service Element

A lightweight ISO/OSI application service used above X.25
networks to handshake application PDUs across the session
service and TP0 (Network)
RTSP: Real Time Streaming Protocol
(Communication)
RTTI: Run-Time Type Information
(Software)
RTTY: Radio TeleTYpewriter

RTU: Right To Use

The Sun software licensing, usually included in the price of the
software (Sun)
RTU: Real Time Unix

RTV: Real-Time Video

RTX: Run Time eXtension

RU: Request (or Response) Unit

RUN: Rewind/UNload
(IBM)
RUW: Remote Unit of Work
(IBM)
RVA: Relative Virtual Address

RVI: ReVerse Interrupt

RW: Read Write

Device capability to read and write its media (Hardware)
RWM: Read-Write Memory

RWU: Remote Wake Up

(Network)
RX: Receive

RXD: Receive Data

RZ: Return to Zero

Return to Zero
R

Page 124 of 161

 S
S-DSMA: Slotted Digital Sense Multiple SAIL: Stanford Artificial Intelligence
Access Laboratory
S-HTTP: Secure HyperText Transport SAINT: Symbolic Automatic INTegrator
Protocol
(Network)
SAL: Shift Arithmetic Left

S-VHS: Super Video Home System SAM: Scsi-3 Architecture Model

S.u.S.E.: Software Und SystemEntwicklung SAM: Single Application Mode

(Microsoft)
S/H: Sample/Hold
SAM: System Administration Module
S/MIME: Secure Multipurpose Internet Mail (Operating systems)
Extensions SAM: Security Accounts Manager
(Network) (Operating systems)
S/N: Signal to Noise SAM: Sequential Access Method
S/PDIF: Sony/Phillips Digital Interface SAM: Serial Access Memory
Format
S/STP: Screened Shielded Twisted Pair SAN: Storage Area Network

S/TK: Sectors per TracK SAN: System Area Network

(Network)
S/UTP: Screened Unshielded Twisted Pair SANE: Standard Apple Numeric Environment
SA: Structered Analysis (Apple)
SAP: Service Advertising Protocol
SA: Source Adress (Network)
SA: Security Association SAP: Service Access Point
The point at which the services of an OSI layer are made
SA: Selective Availability available to the next higher layer. The SAP is named according
to the layer providing the services
SAA: Systems Application Architecture
SAP: Systeme, Anwendungen, Produkte in
SAAL: Signalling Atm Adaptation Layer der datenverarbeitung
A german company that produces the leading suite of client-
SABM: Set Asynchronous Balanced Mode server business software ("Systems, Applications and Products
in data processing").
SABRE: Semi-Automatic Business Research
Environment SAP: Symbolic Assembly Program
SAC: Service Access Control SAP: Second Audio Program
The Service Access Facility (SAF) master program (Operating
systems) (Sun) SAPI: Speech Application Programming
Interface
SAC: Single Attachment Concentrator
(Software) (Microsoft) S
SACL: System Access Control List SAR: Store Address Register
(Operating systems)
SAR: Shift Arithmetic Right
SAD: Streams Administrative Driver
A driver that provides an interface to the autopush mechanism SAR: Segmentation And Reassembly
SADL: Synchronous Data Link Control
SAR: Successive Approximation Register
SADT: Structured Analysis and Design
SAR: Synthetic Aperature Radar
Techniques
SAF: Service Access Facility SARC: Symantec's Antivirus Research
A tool provided with the SunOS 5.3 operating system that Center
controls access to local and network system services, such as (Symantec)
printers, modems, and terminals (Operating systems) (Sun)
SAS: Single Audio System
SAF: Security Authentication Facility
SAS: Single Attached Station
SAFE: Security And Freedom through
Encryption SAS: Statistical Analysis System
SAG: Sql Access Group SAS: Sales Accounting System

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 SASI: Sughart Associates System Interface SCADA: Supervisory Control And Data
Old hard disk bus (Hardware) Acquisition
SASL: Simple Authentication and Security SCAF: Service Control Agent Function
Layer
SCAM: Scsi Configuration AutoMatically
SATAN: System Administration Tool for
Analyzing Networks SCAS: SCAn String
(Network)
SCB: Subsystem Control Block
SATF: Shared Access Transport Facility (IBM)
SAVDM: Single Application Virtual Dos SCC: Scsi Controller Commands
Machine
SCC: Synchronous Channel Check
SB: Sound Blaster (IBM)
(Creative Labs)
SCC: Standards Council of Canada
SB: Sound Board (Organizations)
SBA: Scene Balance Algorithms SCC: SuperComputer Center
(Kodak)
SCC: Serial Controller Chip
SBB: Subtract With Borrow
SCC: Serial Communications Controllers
SBC: Scsi Block Commands
SCCP: Signaling Connection Control Part
SBC: Single-Board Computer
(Hardware) SCCS: Source Code Control System
A software development tool for tracking file versions during a
SBCCS: Single Byte Command Code Set
long, involved software development or documentation project
(Software)
SBCM: Small Business Customer Manager
(Microsoft) SCD: Sparc Compliance Definition
A formal specification of the system hardware and software to
SBCR: Smart Business Card Reader
be met by manufacturers of SPARC systems to ensure that
(Hardware) those systems run compliant applications (Sun)
SBCS: Single-Byte Character Set SCD: Standard Color Display
SBF: Sequential Block Filemanager SCDMA: Synchronous Code-Division
Multiple Access
SBI: Speaker Box Interface
An interface that integrates audio capability with ISDN on the SCE: Structure Chart Editor
Sun workstation (Hardware) (Sun)
SCE: Security Configuration Editor
SBI: Sound Blaster Instrument (Operating systems) (Microsoft)
SBL: Softbridge Basic Language SCEF: Service Creation Environment
(Software) Function
SBM: Subnet Bandwidth Manager SCF: Service Control Function
An IETF proposed standard for handling resource reservations
on shared and switched IEEE 802-style local-area media SCF: Sequential Character Filemanager
(Network)
SCF: System Control Facility
SBN: Site Builder Network
S (Microsoft) SCI: Serial Communication Interface
SBP: Serial Bus Protocol (Hardware)
(Hardware) SCI: Scalable Coherent Interface
SBR: Source BRowser SCIL: Serial Control Interface Logic
File name extension (Inprise)
(Hardware)
SBS: Small Business Server SCLM: Software Configuration and Library
(Operating systems) (Microsoft) Management
SBS: Smart Battery Specification (IBM)
(Hardware) SCM: Service Control Manager
SBS: Small Buisness Suite (Microsoft)
(Software) (Novell) SCM: Software Configuration Management
SC: Smart Card
(Hardware) SCM: Station Class Mark

SCA: Simple Connector Attachment SCO: Santa Cruz Operation

(Hardware)
SCOOPS: SCheme Object Oriented
Programming System

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SCOPE: Simple COmmunications SDA: Screen Design Aid
Programming Environment
(Hayes) SDA: System Display Architecture
(DEC)
SCOS: Single Object Copy Store
(Software) (Lotus) SDA: Source Data Automation

SCP: Sunlink Communications Processor SDA: Software Disk Array

A printed circuit board that enables multi-vendor connection
with either synchronous or asynchronous operation. The SCP SDA: Self-Decrypting Archive
works with SNA 3270 and X.25 SunLink software products (Security)
(Hardware) (Sun)
SDAI: Standard Data Access Interface
SCP: Session Control Properties
(Network) SDAM: Single Dos Application Mode
SCP: Save Cursor Position SDB: Symbolic DeBugger
SCP: System Control Program SDD: Super Density Disk
SCP: Subsystem Control Port SDD: Subscriber Data Document
SCPC: Single Channel Per Carrier SDD: System Distribution Directory
SCQL: Structured Card Query Language SDD: Software Description Database
(Databases)
SDDI: Shielded Distributed Data Interface
SCR: Standard Context Routing
SDDS: Sony Dynamic Digital Sound
SCR: Sustainable Cell Rate
Multi-channel (5.1 or 7.1) digital audio format, compressed from
PCM at 48 kHz. The data rate can go up to 1280 kbps
SCR: Silicon Controlled Rectifier
SDE: Spatial Database Engine
SCR: SCRipt (Databases)
File name extension
SDF: System Dialog Facility
SCRN: SCReeN
SDF: Space Delimited Format
SCRS: Scalable Cluster of Risc Systems File name extension
SCS: Sna Character String SDF: Standard Data Format
File name extension
SCSA: Sun Common Scsi Architecture
SDH: Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
SCSA: Signal Computing System
Architecture SDI: Storage Device Interface
(Dialogic)
SDI: Storage Device Interconnect
SCSI: Small Computers System Interface
An industry standard for connecting etherogeneous devices SDI: Standard Disk Interface
(disks, tapes, CD-ROMs, ...) to a workstation (Hardware)
SDI: Single Document Interface
SCSIHQ: Small Computers System (Software) (Microsoft)
Interface Hardware Qualifier
Hardware troubleshooting program (Operating systems)
SDI: Selective Dissemination of Information
(Microsoft)
SDI: Software Development Interface S
SCU: System Control Unit
SDIS: Switched Digital Integrated Service
SCW: Setup Computer Wizard
(Microsoft) SDK: Software Development Kit
(Software)
SCX: Specialized Communications eXchange
SDKJ: Software Development Kit for Java
SD: Structured Design
SDL: System Design Language
SD: Serial Digital
(Communication) SDL: Specification and Description
Language
SD: Super Density
(Hardware) SDL/GR: Specification and Description
Language/Graphical Representation,
SD: Single Density
(Hardware) SDLC: Synchronous Data Link Control
(Communication)
SD: Send Data
SDLP: Standard Device Level Protocol
SD-ROM: Super Density Read Only Memory
SDM: Semantic Data Model

Page 127 of 161

 SDM: System Development Multitasking
SDMI: Secure Digital Music Initiative
SDMS: Scsi Device Management System
(NCR)
SDN: Software Defined Network
(AT&T)
SDNS: Secure Data Network Service
SDOC: Selective Dynamic Overload Controls
SDP: Specialized Data Point
SDR: Store Data Register
SDR: Streaming Data Request
SDRAM: Synchronous Dynamic Random
Access Memory
(Hardware)
SDS: Synchronous Data Set
SDS: Switched Data Service
SDS: Sun Directory Services
(Operating systems) (Sun)
SDS: Sysops Distribution System
SDSC: Synchronous Data Set Controller
SDSCnet: San Diego Supercomputer Center
NETwork
SDSL: Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line
(Communication)
SDTV: StanDard Definition Television
SDU: Service Data Unit
SDU: Software Distribution Utilities
SDV: Switched Digital Video
(AT&T)
SDX: Storage Data Acceleration
SE: Special Edition
SE: Sign Extension
S SE: Second Edition
(Software)
SEA: Self Extracting Archive
(Apple)
SEA: Standard Extended Attribute
(IBM)
SEAC: Standards Eastern Automatic
Calculator
SEAL: Simple and Efficient Adaptation Layer
SEAL: Screening External Access Link
(DEC)
SEAS: Solaris Easy Access Server
(Network) (Sun)
SEC: Single Edge Contact
(Hardware) (Intel)
SEC: Single Error Correction
Page 128 of 161
SECAM: SEquentiel Couleur Avec Mémoire
A composite color standard based on line-alternate U and V
color difference signals that are frequency-modulated onto a
color subcarrier
SECB: Severely Errored Cell Block
SECC: Single Edge Contact Cartridge
(Hardware)
SED: Stream EDitor
SED: Stream-Oriented Editor
SEG: SEGment
SEH: Structured Exception Handling
SEL: SELector byte
SEL: SELect
SEM: Sql Enterprise Manager
(Databases) (Microsoft)
SEM: Strategic Enterprise Management
SEM: Standard Electronic Module
SEM: Scanning Electron Microscope
SEP: Scalable Encryption Module
SEPP: Single-Edge Processor Package
(Hardware)
SEPP: Secure Encryption Payment Protocol
SEQUEL: Structured English QUEry
Language
SER: SERial
SERCOS: SErial Realtime COmmunications
System
SERDES: SERializer/DESerializer
(Hardware)
SERK: Server Extensions Resource Kit
Microsoft Frontpage server extensions additional
documentation and software (Software) (Microsoft)
SERM: Structured Entity Relationship Model
SET: Secure Electronic Transaction
SET: Softwave Engineering Technology
SETL: SEt Theory Language
SEU: Source Entry Utility
SEU: Smallest Executable Unit
SF: Service Feature
SF: Sign Flag
SFBI: Shared Frame Buffer Interconnect
SFC: System File Checker
(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
SFD: Start Frame Delimiter
SFDR: Spurious-Free Dynamic Range
SFF: Small Form Factor SHR: Shift Logical Right
(Hardware)
SHV: Standard High Volume
SFN: Short FileName
SI: Source Index
SFPS: Secure Fast Packet Switching Processor register (Hardware) (IBM)
SFQ: Stochastic Fair Queuing SI: System Integrator

SI: Serial Input

A hash function used to map flow to (Hardware)
one of set of queues (Network)
SI: Shift-In
SFQL: Structured Full-text Query Language
SI: System Information
SFS: System File Server
SI/SO: Serial In/Serial Out
SFT: System Fault Tolerant
SI/SO: Shift In/Shift Out
SFTP: Simple File Transfer Protocol
SIA: Semiconductor Industry Association
SFX: SelF eXtracting (Organizations)
Archive with self extracting capabilities
SIB: Service Independent building Block
SFX: Sound eFfectS
File name extension SIC: Silicon Integrated Circuit
SG: Signal Ground SIC: Standard Industrial Code
SGA: Shared Global Area SID: Sccs delta ID
The number used to represent a specific SCCS delta (Software)
SGC: Scsi Graphic Command
SID: System IDentification
SGC: Server Gated Criptography
(Microsoft) SID: Security IDentifier
SGDT: Store Global Descriptor Table SID: Station IDentification
(AT&T)
SGEN: System GENerator
SID: Serial Input Data
SGEN: Signal GENerator
SID: Symbolic Interactive Debugger
SGI: Silicon Graphics, Inc
Constructor (SGI) SID: Sound Interface Device
(Hardware)
SGM: Shaded Graphics Modeling
SIDF: System Independent Data Format
SGML: Standard Generalized Markup
Language SIDH: System Identification for Home
A method of tagging a document to apply to many format Systems
elements. This language has become popular with the
SIDT: Store Interrupt Descriptor Table
increased use of the Internet
SGMP: Simple Gateway Management SIFT: Stanford Information Filtering Tool
Protocol
The predecessor to Simple Network Management Protocol
SIG: Special Interest Group
(SNMP) (Network) (Organizations) S
SGR: Set Graphics Rendition SIG: SIGnature

SGRAM: Synchronous Graphics Random SIGBIT: Special Interest Group on Business

Access Memory Information Technology
(Hardware) SIGCAT: Special Interest Group on Cd-rom
SHA: Secure Hash Algorithm Applications and Technology
(Network) SIGGRAPH: Special Interest Group for
SHAR: SHell ARchive GRAPHics
A group sponsored by the Association for Computing
SHD: Self-Healing Driver Machinery. SIGGRAPH holds an annual conference on
(Operating systems) graphics that includes vendor product displays, lectures, and
graphics technology courses (Organizations)
SHED: Segmented Hypergraphics EDitor
SIGPLAN: Special Interest Group on
SHF: Super High Frequency Programming LANguages
SII: Static Invocation Interface
SHG: Segmented HyperGraphics
SIL: Solid Immersion Lens
SHL: Shift Logical Left
Compact disk head technology (Hardware)

Page 129 of 161

 SIM: SIMulator SLAN: Secure Local Area Network

SIM: Subscriber Identity Module SLC: Subscriber Line Concentrator

(Communication)
SIMD: Single Instruction, Multiple Data
SLD: Second Level Domain
SIMM: Single In line Memory Module (Network)
A circuit board that holds surface-mount memory chips. A
SLDRAM: Synchronous Link Dynamic
SIMM is compact and efficient (Hardware)
Random Access Memory
SIMTEL: SIMulation and TELeprocessing (Hardware)

SIMULA: SIMULAtion SLDT: Store Local Descriptor Table

Programming language
SLED: Single Large Expensive Disk
SIO: Serial Input/Output Refers to older mainframe hard disks that were used as a basis
Communications driver for comparison during the initial UC Berkeley RAID studies.
(Hardware)
SIP: Scsi-3 Interlocked Protocol
SLI: Scan Line Interlacing
SIP: Smds Interface Protocol (Hardware)

SIP: Single In-line Package SLIC: Serial Link and Interrupt Controller
The packaging of an electronic component with all leads
protruding from one side only (Hardware) SLIC: System Licensed Internal Code
(IBM)
SIP: Session Initiation Protocol
SLIC: System Level Integration Circuit
SIPC: Simply Interactive Personal Computer
(Hardware) (Microsoft) SLIM: Structured Language for Internet
Markup
SIPO: Serial In, Parallel Out
SLIP: Serial Line Internet Protocol
SIPP: SImple Polygone Processor An Internet protocol used to run IP over serial lines such as
telephone circuits or RS-232 cables interconnecting two
SIPP: Simple Internet Protocol Plus systems. SLIP is now being replaced by PPP (Communication)

SIPP: Single In line Pin Package SLM: Service Level Management

(Hardware)
SLM: Spatial Light Modulator
SIR: Substained Information Rate (Hardware)

SIR: Save Instruction Recognition SLMR: Silly Little Mail Reader

SIR: Serial InfraRed SLOSH: Sea, Lake and Overland Surge from
(Communication) Hurricane

SIRDS: Single-Image Random Dot SLP: Service Logic Program

Stereogram SLP: Service Location Protocol
SIRENE: Supplementary Information (Network)
REquest at the National Entry SLR: Simple Lens Reflex
SIS: Strategic Information System (Hardware)

SISAL: Streams and Iteration in a Single SLS: Softlanding Linux System

Assignment Language
S SLSI: Super Large Scale of Integration
SIT: Stuff-IT The process of placing from 50,000 to 100,000 circuit
File name extension (Apple) components. Also, the quality of their connections (Hardware)

SIT: Special Information Tones SLSS: Systems Library Subscription Service

(IBM)
SIU: System Interface Unit
SLU: Secondary Logical Unit
SIVIT: SIemens VIrtual Touchscreen
SLU: Spoken Language Understanding
(Hardware) (Siemens-Nixdorf)
SKIP: Simple Key management for Internet SM: System Management
Protocol
SM: Smart Media
(Network)
(Hardware)
SKU: StockKeeping Unit
SM: Set Mode
SLA: Service Level Agreement
SM: Shared Memory
A contract between a service provider and customer defining
provider responsibilities in terms of network levels, times of
availability, method of measurement, consequences if service
SMAE: System Management Application
levels aren't met, and all costs involved (Network) Entity

Page 130 of 161

SMAF: Service Management Agent Function SMK: Software Migration Kit
(Microsoft)
SMAP: System Management Application
Process SML: Service Management Layer

SMAPI: Speech Manager Application SML: Siemens Modular Link

Programming Interface
(Software) SML: Standard Machine Language

SMART: Self-Monitoring Analysis and SML: Shared Memory Link

Reporting Technology
Drives equipped with this feature report predicted failures SML: Standard Meta Language
based on threshold values determined by the manufacturer.
This allows the network manager to replace a drive before it SML/NJ: Standard Meta Language/New
fails. (Hardware) Jersey
SMASE: System Management Application SMLI: Stateful Multi-Layer Inspection
Service Element
SMM: System Manager's Manual
SMASH: Simple, Many And Self-Healing
Supercomputing architecture (Hardware) (IBM) SMM: System Management Mode
(Intel)
SMB: Server Message Block
A common format for sharing files, directories and devices in SMOBC: Solder Mask Over Bare Copper
Microsoft's operating systems (Operating systems)
SMOR: Storage Manager On Rom
SMBIIOS: System Management Basic Input (Hardware) (DPT)
Output System
SMP: Software Motion Picture
SMBus: System Management BUS
SMP: Symmetric MultiProcessing
SMC: Scsi-3 Medium changer Command A form of multiprocessing in which more than one processor
can run kernel-level code simultaneously (Hardware)
SMD: Storage Module Device
An industry-standard interface used for large-capacity, high- SMP: Symbolic Manipulation Program
performance disks (Hardware)
SMP: Simple Management Protocol
SMD: Surface-Mount Device
(Hardware) SMPC: Shared Memory Parallel Computer
SMDR: Storage Management Data Requester SMPS: Switching Mode Power Supply
SMDR: Station Message Detail Recording SMPTE: Society of Motion Picture &
SMDS: Switched Multimegabit Data Service Television Engineers
(Organizations)
An emerging high-speed networking technology to be offered
by the telephone companies in the U.S. SMRAM: System Management Random
SMF: Service Management Function Access Memory
SMS: System Management Server
SMF: System Manager Facility
(Compaq) SMS: Short Message Service
SMF: Single Mode Fiber
SMS: System Managed Storage
SMFA: Special Management Functional (Hardware) (IBM)
Element SMSW: Store Machine Status Word
S
SMG: Special Mobile Group
SMT: Surface-Mount Technology
SMI: Sun Microsystems Inc. (Hardware)
SMT: Station ManagemenT
SMI: Structure of Management Information
The rules that define the objects that can be accessed through SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
a network management protocol (Network) The Internet email protocol. Defined in RFC 821, with
SMI: System Management Interrupt associated message format descriptions in RFC 822
(Intel) SMU: System Management Utility
SMI: Static Memory Interface
SMX: Server Macro eXpansion
(Hardware)
SMIF: Standard Mechanical InterFace SN: Serial Number

SMIL: Synchronized Multimedia Integration SNA: System Network Architecture

Language The proprietary network architecture of IBM (Network) (IBM)

SMIT: System Management Interface Tool SNADS: System Network Architecture

(IBM) Distribution Service
(Network) (IBM)

Page 131 of 161

 SNAFU: Situation Normal All Fouled Up SOG: Service Order Gateway
(Messages)
SOH: Start Of Header
SNAM: Server Net Access Manager (Communication)
(Network)
SOHO: Small Office/Home Office
SNAP: System and Network Administration
Program SOL: Simulation Oriented Language
SNAP: SubNetwork Attachment Point SOM: Structered Object Method
SNAP: Sub-Network Access Protocol SOM: Scripting Object Model
(Software)
SNCA: Solaris Network Cache and
Accelerator SOM: Start Of Message
(Sun) (Communication)
SNCP: Single Node Control Point SOM: System Object Model
(Operating systems) (IBM)
SND: SouND
File Format for music SONAR: SOund Navigation And Ranging

SNEWS: Secure NEWs Server SONDS: Small Office Network Data System

SNF: Server Natural Format SONET: Synchronous Optical NETwork

North American transport standard for optical networks with
SNI: Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme speeds from approximately 52 Mb/s (OC-1) to 10 Gb/s (OC-
192) (Network)
SNI: Sna Network Interconnection
SOP: Standard Operating Procedure
SNI: Subscriber Network Interface
SOP: Small Outline Package
SNMP: Simple Network Management
Protocol SOS: Silicon On Sapphire
The protocol that manages networks. SNMP-enabled devices (Hardware)
can communicate with each other (Network) SOS: Sophisticated Operating System
SNOBOL: StriNg Oriented symBOlic
Language SOS: Standard and Open System
Programming Language (Software) SOTA: State Of The Art
SNP: Serial Number/Password
SOX: SOund eXchange
SNPP: Simple Network Paging Protocol
(Network)
SP: Signal Processor

SNR: Signal to Noise Ratio SP: Stack Pointer

CPU register (Hardware) (Intel)
SNS: Subject Name Server
SP: Sequence Processor
SNTP: Simple Network Time Protocol (Hardware)

SO: Serial Output SP: Service Pack

(Hardware) SP: System Product
SO-DIMM: Small Outline Dual In line
Memory Module SPA: Software Publishers Association
S (Organizations)
SOA: Start Of Authority
SPA: Secure Password Authentication
SOAP: Simple Object Access Protocol (Microsoft)
(Software) SPAG: Standards Promotion and
SOB: Start Of Block Application Group
(Communication) SPAN: Space Physics Analysis Network
SOC: System On a Chip
SPARC: Scalable Processor ARChitecture
SOCKS: SOCKet Secure Architecture based on a reduced instruction set computer
(RISC) concept. Sun and its suppliers designed the architecture
SODIMM: Small Outline Dual In-line to significantly improve price and performance (Hardware)
Memory Module (Sun)
(Hardware) SPC: Scsi-3 Primary Command
SOE: Standard Operating Environment
SPC: Stored Program Control
SOEP: Secondary Operand Execution
SPC: Software Publishing Corp..
Pipeline

Page 132 of 161

SPC: Small Peripheral Controller SPM: System Performance Monitor
(IBM)
SPC: Statistical Process Control
SPM/2: System Performance Monitor/2
SPCF: Service Point Command Facility
SPOF: Single Point Of Failure
SPCS: Stored Program Controlled Switch
SPOOL: Simultaneous Peripheral
SPD: Software Product Description Operations On Line
(Software)
SPOT: Shared Product Object Tree
SPD: Serial Presence Detect (IBM)

SPDL: Standard Page Description Language SPP: Scalable Parallel Processing

SPDU: Session Protocol Data Unit SPP: Standard Printer Port

SPEC: Standard Performance Evaluation SPP: Sequenced Packet Protocol

Corporation
SPPS: Scalable Power Parallel System
A group of participating computer system manufacturers that
(IBM)
develops a series of accepted test programs to measure
system computing performance SPR: Symmetrical Phase Recording
SPECFS: SPECial File System (Hardware)
A pseudo file system that provides access to character special SPR: Software Problem Report
and block devices (Operating systems) A bug report. (Software)
SPF: Shortest Path First SPR: Special Purpose Register
(Network)
SPF: System Programming Facility SPR: Statistical Pattern Recognition

SPGA: Staggered Pin Grid Array SPREAD: Systems Programming, Research,

Engineering And Development
IC pins organization (Hardware)
(IBM)
SPI: Serial Peripheral Interface
SPS: Structured PostScript
SPI: Stream Programming Interface That PostScript code which has been commented and
(Software) structured in a strict way to enable filters and print spoolers to
manipulate it without actually processing any of the PostScript
SPI: System Programming Interface code

SPI: Service Provider Interface SPS: Secure Packet Shield

SPI: Security Parameters Index SPS: Shock Protection System

SPI: Scsi Parallel Interface SPS: Standby Power System

SPID: Service Profile IDentifier SPSS: Statistical Package for the Social
(Network) Sciences

SPIKE: Science Planning Intelligent SPT: Sectors Per Track

Knowledge-based Environment SPU: System Processing Unit
SPIRE: Spatial Paradigm for Information
Retrieval and Exploration SPUC/DL: Serial Peripheral Unit
Controller/Data Link, "SPUC/DL"
SPIRES: Stanford Public Information S
REtrieval System SPUD: Storage Pedestal Upgrade Disk

SPKM: Simple Public-Key Mechanism SPX: Sequenced Packet Exchange

(Network) (Novell)
SPL: SPooLer
SQ: SQueezed
SPL: Set Priority Level
SQE: Signal Quality Error
SPL: System Programming Language
(HP) SQFP: Small Quad Flat Package
IC package
SPL: Schedule Plus type Library
(Software) (Microsoft) SQL: Structured Query Language
The international standard language for defining and accessing
SPL: Stored Procedure Language relational databases (Databases)
(Databases)
SQL/CLI: Structured Query Language/Call
SPL: SPelL checker Level Interface
File name extension
SQL/DS: Structured Query Language/Data
SPLD: Simple Programmable Logic Device System
(IBM)

Page 133 of 161

 SQLJ: Structured Query Language for Java
(Databases)
SQoS: Secure Quality Of Service
SQRT: SQuare RooT
SR: Status Register
(Hardware)
SR: Service Release
SR: Shift Register
SRAM: Static Random Access Memory
(Hardware)
SRAM: Shadow Random Access Memory
SRAPI: Speech Recognition Application
Programming Interface
SRB: Source-Route Bridge
SRC: System Resource Controller
SRC: SouRCe
File name extension
SRD: Screen Reader System
SRDRAM: Self-Refreshed Dynamic Random
Access Memory
SRE: Self Routing switch Element
SRF: Service Resource Function
sRGB: Standard Red Green Blue
(Hardware)
SRL: Segmentation and Reassembly Layer
SRM: Storage Resource Manager
(Software)
SRM: Security Reference Monitor
SRN: Source/Recipient Node
SRO: Sharable and Read Only
SRP: Secure Remote Password
authentication
(Security)
SRP: Source Routing Protocol
S Also known as SmartMedia (Hardware)
SRP: Suggested Retail Price
SRPI: Server-Requester Programming
Interface
(IBM)
SRQ: Service ReQuest
SRR: Serially Reusable Resource
SRS: Screen Reader System
SRS: Sound Retrieval System
SRS: Shared Registration System
(Network)
SRVIFS: SeRVer Installable File System
SS: Stack Segment
CPU register (Hardware) (Intel)
Page 134 of 161
SS: Single-Sided
(Hardware)
SS: Solid State
(Hardware)
SS/SNA: Server to Server System Network
Architecture
SS7: Signaling System 7
SSA: Serial Storage Architecture
(Hardware)
SSADM: Structured System Analysis and
Design Method
SSAP: Session Service Access Point
SSAP: Source Service Access Point
SSB: Single SideBand
SSBAM: Single SideBand Amplitude
Modulation
SSC: Scsi Stream Command
SSCF: Service Specific Coordination
Function
SSCOP: Service Specific Connection
Orientated Protocol
SSCP: Service Switching Control Point
SSCP: System Services Control Point
SSCS: Service Specific Convergence
Sublayer
SSD: Solid State Disk
SSDU: Session Service Data Unit
SSE: Software Support Engineer
SSE: Streaming Simd Extensions
Xeon CPU extension to the instruction set (Hardware) (Intel)
SSEC: Selective Sequence Electronic
Calculator
(IBM)
SSF: Service Switching Function
SSFDC: Solid State Floppy Disc Card
SSGA: System Support Gate Array
SSH: Secure SHell
SSI: Small-Scale Integration
The process of placing fewer than 10 components on one chip
(Hardware)
SSI: Server-Side Include
SSI: Single System Image
SSJS: Server-Side JavaScript
(Software)
SSL: Synthesizer Specification Language
SSL: Secure Sockets Layer
(Network)
SSP: Silicon Switch Processor
SSP: System Stack Pointer
SSP: Service Switching Point
SSP: Switch to Switch Protocol
SSP: System Support Program
IBM s/36 operating system (Operating systems) (IBM)
STF: STructured File
File name extension (Lotus)
STI: SeT Interrupt flag
STING: Software Technology INterest Group
STIX: SmallTalk Interface to X

SSPI: Security Support Provider Interface STL: Standard Template Library

(Software)
SSRP: Simple Server Redundancy Protocol
(Cisco) STM: Synchronous Transfer Mode

SSS: System Support Station STM: Scanning Tunneling Microscope

(Hardware) (Hardware)
SST: Systems Services and Technology STN: Super-Twist Nematic

SST: Simple Sipp Transition STN-LCD: SuperTwist Nematic Lyquid

Crystal Display
SST: Shiva Smart Tunneling
STONE: STructured and OpeN Environment
SST: Sustained Stewardship Teraflop
(IBM) STOS: STOre String

SST: Spread-Spectrum Technology STP: Spanning Tree Protocol

SST: Swedish Summer Time STP: Service Transaction Program

Timezone: GMT +1:00
StP: Software Through Pictures
SSU: System Setup Utility
STP: Shielded Twisted Pair
SSX: Small Services eXecutive (Hardware)
Operating system (Operating systems)
STP: Secure Transfer Protocol
STA: Spanning Tree Algorithm
STP: Signal Transfer Point
STAR: Shareware Trade Association and
Resources STP: Synchronized Transaction Processing
STAR: Self-defining Text ARchival STR: Synchronous Transmitter Receiver
STB: Software Technical Bulletin STR: Store Task Register
STB: Set-Top Box STRESS: STRuctural Engineering System
(Hardware) Solver
STB: STroBe Programming language
STRUDL: STRUctural Design Language
STC: SeT Carry flag
Programming language
STD: State Transition Diagram STScI: Space Telescope SCience Institute
STD: SeT Direction flag STT: Secure Transaction Technology
(Microsoft)
STD: STanDard
STTL: Standard Transistor Transistor Logic
S
STDA: StreetTalk Directory Assistance (Hardware)
(Banyan)
STX: Start of TeXt
STDAUX: STanDard AUXiliary (Communication)
STDERR: STanDard ERRor STY: STYle
File name extension
STDIN: STanDard INput
SU: Scalable Unit
STDM: Statistical Time Division Multiplexer (Hardware)

STDOUT: STanDard OUTput SUA: Single User Account

STDPRN: STanDard PRiNter SUB: SUBstitute

STE: Section Terminating Equipment SUB: SUBroutine

STEP: Standard for The Exchange of SUB: SUBtract

Product data
SUG: Sun User's Group

Page 135 of 161

 SUMA: Software Upgrade and Maintenance SWIG: Simplified Wrapper and Interface
Agreement Generator
(Software)
SWISH: Simple Web Indexing System for
SUNET: Swedish University NETwork Humans

SUNVIEW: SUN's Visual Integrated SWP: SWaP

Environment for Workstations File name extension

SUR: Shell Update Release SWP: Simple Web Printing

(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
SWS: Sun Web Server
SURAnet: Southeastern Universities (Sun)
Research Association NETwork
SWT: Swedish Winter Time
SUSP: System Use Sharing Protocol Timezone: GMT +1:00

SUT: Socket Under Test SXGA: Super eXtended Graphics Array

Video specification for a resolution of 1280 X 1024 pixel
SUTT: Single User Test Tools (Hardware)

SVC: Switched Virtual Circuit SXGA+: Super eXtended Graphics Array

Plus
Virtual connection set up only for the duration of a single
communications session. In contrast, a permanent virtual circuit Video specification for a resolution of 1400 X 1050 pixels
remains available at all times (Network) (Hardware)

SVF: Simple Vector Format SYLK: SYmbolic LinK

SVG: Scalable Vector Graphics SYM: SYMbols

File name extension
SVGA: Super Video Graphics Array
SYMPL: SYsteM Programming Language
Video specification for a resolution of 800 X 600 pixels in 256
colors (Hardware) SYN: SYNonym
SVID: System V Interface Definition File name extension
Applies to the Unix OS (Operating systems) SYNC: SYNChronous
SVM: System Virtual Machine
SYS: SYStem device driver
(Microsoft)
File name extension
SVN: Switched Virtual Network
(IBM)
SYS: SYStem

SVR: SerVeR SYS: SYStem configuration

File name extension
SVR4: System V Release 4
SYSAD: SYStem ADministrator
SVRn: System V Release n
SYSADMIN: SYStem ADMINistrator
Applies to the Unix OS (Operating systems)
SVRn: System V Release N SYSGEN: SYStem GENerator
(AT&T)
SYSLOG: SYStem LOG
SVS: Symmetric Virtual Servers
SYSMOD: SYStem MODification
SW: SoftWare
SYSOP: SYStem OPerator
S SW: Status Word
SYSREQ: SYStem REQuest
SWAC: Standards Western Automatic
Calculator SZ: Send Zmodem
SWAIS: Simple Wide Area Information
Server
SWAK: Sealed With A Kiss
Saying goodbye (Messages)
SWAN: Sun Wide Area Network

SWAP: Stewart Warner Array Program

SWAP: Shared Wireless Access Protocol

(Communication)
SWI: SoftWare Interrupts

SWIFT: Society for Worldwide Interbank

Financial Telecommunication

Page 136 of 161

 T
T: Tera TB: TeraByte
Prefix for 1000 (or 1024) power 4
TBAV: ThunderByte Anti Virus
T&E: Travel And Entertainement (Software)
(Software)
TBBS: The Bread Board System
T&L: Transform And Lighting
Graphics function TBC: Time Base Corrector
T/B: Top/Bottom TBGA: Tape Ball Grid Array
T/R: Transmit/Receive TBK: ToolBooK
File name extension
TA: Terminal Adapter
An ISDN-compatible device that converts non-ISDN TBMT: Transmitter Buffer eMpTy
transmission to ISDN transmission (Hardware) (Hardware)
TAB: Tape Automated Bonding TBO: Total Benefit of Ownership
(Hardware)
TBT: Technology Based Training
TAC: Terminal Access Controller
TBU: Tape Backup Unit
TACACS: Terminal Access Controller Access-
Control System TC: Transmission Convergence
(Network)
TC: Transmission Control
TACS: Total Access Communication System (Communication)
TAD: Telephone Answering Device TC: Technical Committee

TalAE: TALigent Application Environment TC: Test Control

(Software)
TCAM: TeleCommunication Access Method
TalDE: TALigent Development Environment (IBM)
TalOS: TALigent Object Services TCAP: Transaction Capabilities Application
Part
TAN: Table Area Network
TCAV: Trend Chip Away Virus
TAN: TransAction Number Antivirus hardware for motherboards that blocks boot-time
viruses (Hardware)
TAO: Track-At-Once
TCL: Tool Control Language
CD recording technology (Hardware)
TAP: Terminal Access Point TCL/TK: Tool Control Language ToolKit

TAP: Telelocator Alphanumeric Protocol TCM: Thermal Conduction Module

TAPCIS: The Access Program for the TCM: Time Compression Multiplexer
Compuserve Information Service
TCM: Trellis-Coded Modulation
TAPI: Telephony Application Programming
Interface TCO: Total Cost of Ownership
(Software) (Microsoft) T
TCO: Tjänstemännens Central Organization
TAR: Tape ARchive Swedish organization establishing norms for monitor
electromagnetic emissions (Organizations)
TAS: Totalnet Advanced Server
(Hardware) (Sun) TCP: Transmission Control Protocol
A communications protocol that ensures data is sent between
TAS: Telcom Analysis System computers on the Internet (Network)
(Hardware)
TCP: Tape-Carrier Package
TAS: Telephone Access Server (Hardware)

TASM: Turbo ASseMbler TCP-ACO: Transmission Control Protocol

(Software) (Inprise) Alternate Checksum Option
TAT: Theoretical Arrival Time TCP/IP: Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol
TAXI: Transparent Asynchronous The protocol suite originally developed for the Internet. SunOS
Transceiver Interface networks run on TCP/IP by default. Also called Internet Protocol
suite (Network)

Page 137 of 161

 TCPBEUI: Transmission Control Protocol TE/2: Terminal Emulator/2
Bios Extended User Interface
TEAMA: Taiwanese Electric Appliance
TCPC: The Clean Personal Computer group Manufacturer's Association
TCPLDP: Transmission Control Protocol TEB: Thread Environment Block
extensions for Long Delay Paths
TEC: Tokyo Electronics Corporation
TCQ: Tagged Command Queuing
SCSI feature to allow multiple I/O requests TECO: Text Editor and COrrector
TCSEC: Trusted Computer Systems TED: Tiny EDitor
Evaluation Criteria
TCSH: Trusted C SHell TEDIS: Trade Electronic Data Interchange
Systems
TD: Transmit Data TEI: Terminal Endpoint Identifier
(Hardware)
TEL: Tivoli Enterprise Console
TD-CDMA: Time Division Code Division
Multiple Access TELCO: TELephone Central Office
(Communication) (Communication)
TDC: Terrestrial Data Circuit TeleVAS: TELEphony Value Added Service
TDC: Tape Data Controller TELNET: TELephone NETwork
TDC: Tabular Data Control TEML: Turbo Editor Macro Language
(Inprise)
TDCC: Transportation Data Coordinating
Comittee TEMP: TEMPorary
TDD: Telecommunications Device for the TEMS: Tornado Electronic Messaging Service
Deaf (Software)
TDE: Terminal Display Editor TEN: TransEuropean Network
TDES: Triple Data Encryption Standard TER: Thermal Eclipse Reading
TDF: Trace Definition File (Sony)
File name extension (IBM) TERMCAP: TERMinal CAPability
TDF: Typeface Definition File TERMINFO: TERMinal INFOrmation
File name extension
TDI: Transport Data Interface TERMPWR: TERMinator PoWeR

TDL: Test Description Language TFDD: Text File Device Driver

TDM: Telecom Designed Network TFEL: Thin-Film ELectroluminescent

TDM: Time-Division Multiplexing TFI: Terminal Facility Identifier

(Communication) TFM: Tagged Font Metric
TDM: Technical Document Management File name extension

TDMA: Time Division Multiple Access TFP: Tops Filing Protocol

TDMS: Terminal Display Management TFS: Translucent File Service

System A copy-on-write file system that enables users to share file
T hierarchies while providing each user with a private hierarchy
TDP: Triton Data Path for saving files as they are modified

TDP: Tag Distribution Protocol TFT: Task File Table

TDP: Telelocator Data Protocol TFT: Thin Film Transistor

LCD monitors manufacturing technology (Hardware)
TDR: Time Domain Reflectometry TFTP: Trivial File Transfer Protocol
TDS: Tabular DataStream (Network)
Database client to server communication protocol (Databases) TGA: TarGA
TDSR: Transmitter Data Service Request File format for images
TGC: Terminal Group Controller
TDtoDP: Tablet Coordinates TO Display
Coordinates TGT: Ticket Granting Ticket
TE: Terminal Equipment (Security)
An ISDN-compatible terminal device that is attached to the TH: Transmission Header
ISDN at the user interface (Communication)

Page 138 of 161

THD: Total Harmonic Distortion TIS: Transaction Information System
A sound quality parameter (lower is better) (Hardware)
TITOFET: Tunneling-In, Tunneling-Out
THEnet: Texas Higher Education NETwork Field Effect Transistor
THOMAS: The House of representatives TK/TK: TracK to TracK
Open Multimedia Access System
TLA: Three Letters Acronym
THOR: Tandy High-performance Optical
Recording TLB: Translation Look-aside Buffer
(Hardware)
THR: Transmit Holding Register
TLD: Top Level Domain
THS: THeSaurus (Network)
File name extension
TLE: Template Language Extensions
THT: Token Holding Timer (Software)
THX: Tomlinson Holman eXperiment TLI: Transport Layer Interface
Certification and quality control program that applies to sound An interface that is to supersede the socket-based interprocess
systems and acoustics in theaters, home equipment, and digital communications mechanisms as the way to access transport
mastering processes services. Modeled after the industry standard ISO Transport
Service Definition (Communication)
TI: Texas Instruments
TLN: Trunk Line Network
TI: Transport Independent
TLP: Transmission Level Point
TIA: Thank you In Advance
(Messages) TLS: Transport Layer Security
(Security)
TIA: Telecommunications Industry
Association TLS: Thread Local Storage
(Software)
TIA: The Internet Adapter
TLSWG: Transport Layer Security Working
TID: Target IDentifier Group
(Organizations)
TIES: Time Independent Escape Sequence
TLU: Table LookUp
TIF: Tagged Image File
Filename extension TLX: TeLeX
TIFF: Tagged Image File Format TM: Transaction Monitor
File format for images
TM: Transaction Manager
TIGA: Texas Instruments Graphics
Architecture TM: TradeMark
(Hardware) (TI)
TMA: Transparent Media Adapter
TIGER: Topologically Integrated
Scanner add-on to acquire material on transparent media
Geographic Encoding and Referencing (Hardware)
TIIAP: Telecommunications and TMDB: Tivoli Management DataBase
Information Infrastructure Assistance
Program TMDS: Transition-Minimized Differential
TIM: Technical Information Memo Signalling
(Hardware)
(Compaq)
TIMI: Technology Independent Machine TME: Tivoli Management Environment
Interface (Tivoli) T
(IBM) TMF: Tivoli Management Framework
TIMS: Text Information Management TMF: Transaction Monitoring Facility
Systems
TINA: Telecommunication Information TML: TeMpLate
Networking Architecture File name extension

TINA-C: Telecommunication Information TMN: Telecommunication Management

Networking Architecture Consortium Network
(Network)
TIP: Transputer Image Processing
TMP: TeMPorary
TIP: Terminal Interface Processor File name extension

TIP: Transaction Internet Protocol TMPFS: TeMPorary File System

A file system type that uses local memory for disk reads and
TIS: Tools Interface Standard writes (Operating systems)

Page 139 of 161

 TMR: Transient Memory Record TPC: Transaction Processing Council
(Organizations)
TMR: Triple Modular Redundancy
TPCP: Two Phase Commit Protocol
TMS: Time Multiplexed Switch (Communication)

TMS: Truth Maintenance System TPD: Technical Product Documentation

TMSC: Tape Mass Storage Control TPDU: Transport Protocol Data Unit

TN: Twisted Nematic TPE: Twisted Pair Ethernet

(Hardware)
TPF: Transaction Processing Facility
TN-LCD: Twisted Nematic Liquid Crystal (IBM)
Display
TPI: Transport Provider Interface
TNC: Threaded Neill Concelman The kernel components of the Transport Layer Interface (TLI)

TNC: Terminal Node Controller tpi: Tracks Per Inch

Recording density (Hardware)
TNG: The New Generation
TPL: Table Producing Language
(CAI)
TNO: The Netherlands Organization TPL: Transaction Processing Language

TNPC: Taiwanese New Pc Consortium tpm: Transactions Per Minute

Processing speed
TNS: Trivial Name Server
TPM: Transaction Processing Manager
TNT: The News Toolkit
TPORT: Twisted pair PORT transceiver
See also NeWS (Sun)
(AT&T)
Tnx: ThanKS
TPOS: Transaction Processing Operating
(Messages)
System
TOC: Table Of Contents
TPPC: Transaction Processing Performance
TOD: Time Of Day Council
(Organizations)
TODC: Time-Of-Day Clock
TPS: Transactions Per Second
A clock module that contains the system date and time (year-
month-day-hour-minutes). (Hardware) TPS: Transaction Processing System
TODS: Transactions On Database Systems
TPT: Twisted Pair Transceiver
TOEFL: Test Of English as a Foreign
Language TPW: Turbo Pascal for Windows

TOMS: Transactions On Mathematical TPx: Transport Protocol class x

Software
TQFP: Thin Quad Flat Pack
TOOIS: Transactions On Office Information (Hardware)
Systems
TQM: Total Quality Management
TOP: Technical Office Protocol
TR: TRavan
TOPICS: Total Online Program and Tape medium type (TR-3, TR-4) (Hardware)
Information Control System
TR: Terminal Ready
TOPLAS: Transactions On Programming
T Languages And Systems TRADIC: TRansistorized Airborne DIgital
Computer
TOPS: Timesharing OPerating System
Name of first computer to be entirely transistorized
TOS: The Operating System TRAM: TRAnsputer Module
(Hardware)
ToS: Type Of Service
A field within an IP header which can be used by the device TRIB: Transfer Rate of Information Bits
originating the packet, or by an intermediate networking device,
to signal a request for a specific QoS level (Network) TRIPS: Trade Related aspects of
Intellectual Property rightS
TP: Twisted Pair
TRM: TeRMinal
TP: Turbo Pascal File name extension
TP: Transaction Processing TRN: Token Ring Network
(Network)
TP-PMD: Twisted Pair Physical layer
Medium Dependent TRN: Threaded Read News

Page 140 of 161

TRO: Total Return on Ownership
TROLI: Token Ring Optimized Link Interface
TRON: The Realtime Operating system
Nucleus
TSO/CMS: Time Sharing
Option/Conversational Monitor System
TSP: Time Synchronization Protocol
TSP: Telephony Service Provider

TROSN: The Real-time Operating System TSPI: Telephony Service Provider Interface
Nucleus (Operating systems) (Microsoft)
TRP: Token Ring Port TSR: Terminate and Stay Resident

TRPC: Transactional Remote Procedure Call TSS: Time Sharing System

(Operating systems)
TRR: Token Ring Repeater
TSS: Task State Segment
TRT: Token Rotation Timer
TST: TeST
TS: Transaction Server File name extension
(Software) (Microsoft)
TSTN: Triple SuperTwisted Nematic
TS: Top Secret
TSV: Tab Separated Values
TS/SI: Top Secret/Sensitive Information
TSW: TeleSoftWare
TSA: Target Service Agent
(Operating systems) (Novell) TT: Typewriter Text

TSA: Telephony Services Architecture TTA: Transport-Triggered Architecture

TSA: Technical Support Alliance TTCN: Tree and Tabular Combined Notation

TSAP: Transport Service Access Point TTF: TrueType Font

File format for fonts
TSAPI: Telephony Server Application
Programming Interface TTFN: Ta Ta For Now
(Novell) That's all for now (Messages)

TSB: Termination Status Block TTL: Transistor-Transistor Logic

Semiconductor manufacturing technology (Hardware)
TSC: Triton System Controller
TTL: Time To Live
TSD: Type-Specific Driver (Network)
TTP: Trusted Third Parties
TSDU: Transport Service Data Unit
The amount of user data whose identity is preserved from one TTP: Thermal-Transfer Printing
end of a transport connection to the other
TSE: Technical Support Engineer TTRP: Time Token Rotation Protocol

TSE: Terminal Server Edition TTRT: Target Token Rotation Time

(Operating systems) (Microsoft) TTS: Trouble Ticketing System
TSE: The Semware Editor
TTS: Text-To-Speech
TSI: Transmission Subscriber Identification
TTS: Transaction Tracking System
TSI: Time Slot Interchanger (Novell)
TTY: TeleTYpewriter
TSID: Transmitting Subscriber IDentifier
Historically, a Teletypewriter equipment. Today, any dumb
T
(Communication)
terminal that can access a computer or workstation (Hardware)
TSLM: Terminal Services License Manager
TUC: Total User Cell
(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
TSM: Topology Specific Module TUCD: Total User Cell Difference
(Novell)
TUCOWS: The Ultimate Collection Of
TSM: Transaction Services Manager Winsock Software

TSMP: True Symmetric MultiProcessor TUG: Tex User's Group

TSN: Task Sequence Number TUI: Text-based User Interface

TSO: Time Sharing Option TUMS: Table Update and Management

Multitasking system for IBM MVS operating system (Operating System
systems) (IBM) TUP: Telephone User Path

Page 141 of 161

 TUT: Transistor Under Test
(Hardware)
TUT: TUTorial
File name extension
TUV: Technische Überwachungs-Verein
(Organizations)
TV: TeleVision
(Hardware)
TVD: Total Virus Defence

TVF: Table of contents Verbosely from File

TVFS: Toronto Virtual File System

(IBM)
TVI: TeleVision Interference

TVO: Total Value of Ownership

TVOL: TeleVision On-Line

TVT: TeleVision Terminal

(Hardware)
TWAIN: Toolkit Without An Important Name

TWIP: TWentIeth of a Point

Equal to 1/1440th of an inch.
TWT: Travelling Wave Tube
(Hardware)
TWX: TeletypeWriter eXchange service

TX: Transmit
(Communication)
TXD: Transmit Data

TXF: Tax eXchange Format

File name extension
TXT: TeXT
File name extension
TXT2STF: TeXT To Structured Text File
(Lotus)
TYS: Told You So
(Messages)
TZ: Time Zone

Page 142 of 161

 U
U2W: Ultra-2-Wide UDA: Universal Data Access
(Hardware) (Databases)

UA: Unnumbered Acknowledgement UDB: Universal DataBase

(Databases) (IBM)
UA: User Agent
An ISO/OSI application process that acts on behalf of a user or
UDBC: Universal DataBase Connectivity
organization in the X.400 message handling system. The UA (Databases)
creates, submits, and receives messages for you UDC: User Defined Commands
UA: User Area
UDC: Universal Decimal Classification
UAB: Unix Appletalk Bridge
UDD: User Data Document
UAC: Universal Access Control
UDE: Universal Data Exchange
UAE: Unrecoverable Application Error
UDEC: Universal Digital Electronic Computer
UAF: User Authorization File
UDF: Universal Disk Format
UAM: User Authentication Method (Hardware)

UAPDU: User Agent Protocol Data Unit UDF: User-Defined Function

UAProf: User Agent PROFile UDG: User Defined Gateway

UART: Universal Asynchronous UDMA: Ultra Direct Memory Access

Receiver/Transmitter (Hardware)
(Hardware) UDO: User-Defined Object
UAWG: Universal Asdl Working Group (Software)
(Organizations) UDP: User Datagram Protocol
(Communication)
UBA: UniBus Adapter
UDP/IP: User Datagram Protocol/Internet
UBE: Unsolicited Bulk E-mail Protocol
UBNI: Ungermann-Bass Network Interface UDT: User Defined Type

UBR: Unspecified Bit Rate UDT: Uniform Data Transfer

UCAA: Ultimate Computer Acronyms Archive UFS: Unix File System

(Remedios) The default disk-based file system under the Unix operating
system (Operating systems)
UCAID: University Corporation for
Advanced Internet Development UFST: Universal Font Scaling Technology
(Organizations)
UG: User Group
UCB: Unit Control Block
UHCI: Universal Host Controller Interface
UCE: Unsolicited Commercial Email
UHE: Ultra High Efficiency
UCF: Universal Communications Facility (Hardware)
(CAI)
UHF: Ultra-High Frequency
UCL: Universal Communications Language U
UHL: Universal Hypertext Link
UCR: Under Color Removal
UHP: Ultra-High Performance
UCS: User Coordinate System (Hardware)

UCS: Unicode Conversion Support UI: User Interface

(Operating systems)
UCS: Universal Character Set
UI: Unix International
UCSD: University of California at San Diego A consortium consisting of Sun, AT&T, and others that formed
to advance a UNIX System V-based environment, including the
UCT: Universal Coordinated Time Open Look GUI (Organizations)

UD-DVD: Ultra Definition Digital Video (or UIC: User Identification Code
Versatile) Disk UID: Unit IDentifier
(Hardware)

Page 143 of 161

 UID: User IDentifier UNC: Universal Naming Convention
In the Unix operating system, the number assigned to each
login name. The system uses UID numbers to identify, by UNC: Uuencoded Netnews Collator
number, the owners of files and directories (Operating systems)
UNCOL: UNiversal Computed Oriented
UIL: User Interface Language Language
UIMS: User Interface Management System UNI: Universal Network Interface

UIN: Universal Internet Number UNI: User-Network Interface

UL: Underwriters Laboratories UNICOM: UNiversal Integrated

(Organizations) COMmunication
UL: Unordered List UNII: Unlicensed National Information
Infrastructure
UL: UpLoad
UNIVAC: UNIVersal Automatic Computer
ULA: Uncommitted Logic Array
UNIX: UNiversal Interactive eXecutive
ULANA: Unified Local Area Network (Operating systems)
Architecture UNMA: Unified Network Management
ULN: Universal Link Negotiation Architecture

ulp: Unit in Last Place UOW: Unit Of Work

In binary formats, the least-significant bit of the significand, bit
UP: UniProcessor
0, is the unit in the last place
ULP: Upper Layer Protocol UPC: Universal Product Code
(Hardware)
ULSI: Ultra Large Scale Integration
UPC: User Parameter Control
The process of placing more than 100,000 components on a
chip (Hardware)
UPG: UPGrade
UM: Unified Messaging
UPI: Universal Peripheral Interface
UMA: Universal Measurement Architecture (Hardware)

UMA: Upper Memory Area UPL: User Program Language

UMA: Unified Memory Architecture UPM: User Profile Management

(IBM)
UMA: Universal Management Agent UPM: Unix Programmer's Manual
UMADS: Universal Measurement UPN: User Principal Name
Architecture Data Storage
UMB: Upper Memory Block UPS: United Parcel Service

UMC: United Microelectronics Corporation UPS: Uninterruptible Power Supply

(Hardware)
UME: Uni Management Entity
UR: Uncommitted Read
UML: Unified Modeling Language (Databases)
URC: Uniform Resource Characteristics
UMS: Unified Messaging Server
URC: Uniform Resource Citation
UMS: Universal Management Service
A set of attribute/value pairs describing a resource. Some of the
(IBM) values may be URIs of various kinds. Others may include, for
UMTS: Universal Mobile Telecommunication example, authorship, publisher, datatype, date, copyright status
U System and shoe size.
(Hardware) UREP: Unix Rscs Emulation Protocol
Protocol
UMTS: Universal Mobile Telephony Standard
(Communication) URI: Uniform Resource Identifier
The generic set of all names/addresses that are short strings
UMTS: Universal Mobile
that refer to resources (specified 1994; ratified as Internet Draft
Telecommunications System Standard 1998). (Network)
(Hardware)
URL: Uniform Resource Locator
UN/EDIFACT: United Nations Electronic The set of URI schemes that have explicit instructions on how
Data Interchange For Administration to access the resource on the internet. (Network)
Commerce and Transport
UN/GTDI: United Nations Guidelines for
Trade Data Interchange

Page 144 of 161

URN: Uniform Resource Name UUE: Unix-To-Unix Encoding
A particular scheme which is currently under development in Obtained with UUEncode, a Unix utility that encodes data into 7-
the IETF, which should provide for the resolution using internet bit ASCII
protocols of names which have a greater persistence than that
currently assiated with internet host names or organizations. UUI: User-To-User Information
(Network) (AT&T)

US: Unit Separator UUID: Universal Unique IDentifier

USART: Universal UUT: Unit Under Test

Synchronous/Asynchronous (Hardware)
Receiver/Transmitter UV: UltraViolet
(Hardware)
USB: Universal Serial Bus UW: Uncommitted Write
(Databases)
(Hardware)
USBIF: Universal Serial Bus Implementers UXGA: Ultra eXtended Graphics Array
Forum Display adapter capable of a resolution of 1600 X 1200 pixel
(Hardware)
(Organizations)
USENET: USEr's NETwork

USGS: United States Geological Survey

USN: Update Sequence Number

(Operating systems)
USNO: United States Naval Observatory
(Organizations)
USOC: Universal Service Ordering Code

USPS: United States Postal Service

(Organizations)
USQ: UnSQueezed

USR: US Robotics
Company
USRT: Universal Synchronous
Receiver/Transmitter
(Hardware)
USSA: User Supported Software Association

UT: Universal Time

UT: User Terminal

UTC: Coordinated Universal Time

UTF: Ucs Transformation Format

UTI: Universal Text Interchange

uTOK: User's Tree Of Knowledge

UTP: Unshielded Twisted Pair

(Hardware)
UTRA: Universal Terrestrial Radio Air U
interface
(Communication)
UUCP: Unix to Unix Copy Program
A program that uses the UNIX-to-UNIX Copy Protocol
UUCP: Unix to Unix Copy Protocol
A protocol for communication between consenting UNIX
systems (Network)
UUD: Unix-To-Unix Decoding
Obtained with UUDecode, a Unix utility that decodes data from
7-bit ASCII

Page 145 of 161

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Page 146 of 161

 V
V: Volt VAST: Variable Array Storage Technology
Voltage measurement unit
VAT: Value Added Tax
V&V: Verification And Validation
VAX: Virtual Address eXtension
V.FC: Version First Class (Hardware) (DEC)
Communications standard
VB: Visual Basic
V/F: Voltage to Frequency converter Programming language (Software) (Microsoft)
(Hardware)
VB: Variable Block
V/IP: Voice over Internet Protocol
(Communication) VBA: Visual Basic for Applications
(Software) (Microsoft)
VA: Visual Age
(IBM) VBE/AI: Vesa Bios Extension/Audio
Interface
VA: Volt-Ampere
Power measurement unit VBI: Vertical Blanking Interval
(Hardware)
VA: Virtual Address
VBIDE: Visual Basic Integrated
VAC: Volts Alternating Current Development Environment
(Software) (Microsoft)
VAD: Value Added Dealer
VBITS: Visual Basic Insiders' Technical
VADD: VisualAge Developer Domain Summit
(Software) (IBM) (Microsoft)
VADD: Value Added Disk Driver VBL: Vertical Blanking Interrupt
VADSL: Very-high rate Asymmetric Digital VBNS: Very high Bandwidth Network
Subscriber Line Service
VAIO: Video Audio Integrated Operation (Network)
(Sony) VBNS: Very high speed Backbone Network
VAJ: Visual Age for Java Service
(Software) (IBM) (Network)

VAL: VALue VBR: Variable Bit Rate

VAL: Voice Application Language VBRUN: Visual Basic RUNtime

VAM: Virtual Access Method VBS: Visual Basic Script

VAN: Value-Added Network VBX: Visual Basic eXtension

(Network) (Software) (Microsoft)

VAN: Virtual Access Network VC: Virtual Circuit

(Network) A logical connection between two network nodes that acts as
though it is a direct physical connection even though it may
VANDL: VANcouver Data Language physically be packet based (Network)

VAP: Value Added Provider VC: Venture Capital

VAP: Value-Added Process VC++: Visual C++

Development platform (Software) (Microsoft)
VAR: VARiable VCC: Virtual Channel Connection
V
VAR: Value Added Reseller (Network)
VCD: Video Compact Disc
VAR: Value-Added Reseller
(Hardware)
A company that buys hardware and software, adds more
features or services to it, then resells the upgraded product VCD: Virtual Communications Driver
VaR: Value At Risk VCI: Virtual Circuit Identifier
(Software)
VCL: Visual Component Library
VAR: Value Added Retailer
(Software) (Inprise)
VAROS: VAriable Refraction Optical System VCM: Version Conflict Manager
Scanner technology (Hardware) (Canon) (Operating systems) (Microsoft)

Page 147 of 161

 VCM: Virtual Channel Memory VEMM: Virtual Expanded Memory Manager
(Hardware)
VEMMI: VErsatile MultiMedia Interface
VCN: Virtual Cluster Number
(Operating systems) VER: VERsion
VCOS: Visual Caching Operating System VER: VERify
VCOS: Virtual Computer Operating System VERONICA: Very Easy Rodent-Oriented
(Operating systems) Netwide Index to Computerized Archives
VCPI: Virtual Control Program Interface VERR: VERify Read access
VCQ: Vibrant Color Quality VERW: VERify Write access
(Hardware) (Matrox)
VES: Video Encoding Standard
VCR: Video Cassette Recorder
(Oracle)
(Hardware)
VESA: Video Electronics Standard
VCR: Voluntary Content Rating
Association
VCS: Version Control System (Organizations)
VF: Voice Frequency
VCS: Virus Control System
VF: Virtual Floppy
VDB: Virtual DataBase
(Databases) VFAT: Virtual File Allocation Table
VDC: Virtual Device Coordinates (Microsoft)
In computer graphics, a device-independent coordinate system VFC: Virtual FIle Cabinet
that isolates the specification of view boundaries from device
(Software)
coordinates
VFD: Vacuum Fluorescent Display
VDC: Volts Direct Current
(Hardware)
VDD: Virtual Device Driver VFS: Virtual File System
(Operating systems)
VDDM: Virtual Device Driver Manager
VFW: Video For Windows
VDE: Video Display Editor (Microsoft)
VDE: Visual Development Environment VGA: Video Graphic Array
Video specification for a resolution of 640 X 480 pixels in 256
VDE: Virtual Domain Environment colors (Hardware)
(Network)
VGC: Video Graphics Controller
VDI: Video Display Input
(Hardware) VGI: Visual Gateway Interface
(Software)
VDISK: Virtual DISK
VHDL: Vhsic Hardware Description
VDM: Virtual Dos Machine Language
VDMAD: Virtual Direct Memory Access VHF: Very High Frequency
Device
VHS: Video Home System
(Microsoft)
VDS: Variable Drop Size VHS: Very High Speed
Printing technology (Hardware) (NEC)
VHS: Virtual Host Storage
VDS: Virtual Dma Services
VHSIC: Very High Speed Integrated Circuit
VDSL: Very high bit rate Digital Subscriber
Line VI: Visual Interactive
(Communication)
V VI: Vertical Interval
VDT: Video Dial Tone The raster lines that are precluded by a video signal standard
from containing a picture
VDT: Video Display Terminal
(Hardware) VI: Virtual Interface
(Hardware)
VDU: Video Display Unit
VI: Video Input
VDWQT: Vertical Deferred Write Queue (Hardware)
Treshold VIA: Virtual Interface Architecture
(Databases)
(Network)
VEGA: Video7 Enhanced Graphics Adapter VIA: Vendors Isdn Association
(Organizations)

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VIC: Very Inexpensive Computer VLM: Very Large Memory
(Hardware) (Operating systems)
VIC: Video Interface Chip VLM: Virtual Loadable Module
(Hardware) (Operating systems)
VID: Visual InterDev VLSI: Very Large Scale of Integration
(Software) (Microsoft) The process of placing more than 100,000 transistors on one
chip (Hardware)
VIDC: VIDeo Controller
(Hardware) VLSIPS: Very Large Scale Immobilized
Polymer Synthesis
VIE: Virtual Information Environment
VLT: Variable List Table
VIF: Virtual Interrupt Flag
VM: Virtual Memory
VIF: Virtual InterFace
VM: Virtual Machine
VIM: Vendor-Independent Mail (Operating systems)
Messaging protocol (Communication)
VMA: Virtual Memory Address
VIM: Video Interface Module
VMB: Virtual Machine Boot
VINES: VIrtual NEtworking System
(Network) VMBOX: Virtual MailBOX
VIO: Video Input/Output VME: Virtual Memory Environment
VIO: Virtual Input/Output VME: Virtual Machine Environment
VIP: Video Interface Port VME: Versa Module Eurocard
(Hardware)
VMEBus: Versatile Modular E-BUS
ViP: VIsual Programming Bus architecture (Hardware)
(Lotus)
VML: Vector Markup Language
VIP: Virtual Interrupt Pending
VMM: Virtual Memory Manager
VIP: Variable Information Processing
VMM: Virtual Machine Manager
VIP: Video Information Provider (Operating systems)
VIPER: Verifiable Integrated Processor for VMOS: Vertical Metal Oxide Semiconductor
Enhanced Reliability (Hardware)
VIRS: Vertical Interval Reference Signal VMP: Virtual Modem Protocol
VIS: Video Information System VMS: Virtual Memory System
(Operating systems) (DEC)
VIS: Viewable Image Size
(Hardware) VMS: Virtual Machine Storage
VIS: Visual Instruction Set VMS: Voice Message System
VIS: Voice Information System VMT: Virtual Memory Technique
VITC: Vertical Interval TimeCode VNA: Virtual Network Architecture
VITS: Vertical Interval Test Signal VNC: Virtual Network Computing
A remote display system which allows you to view a computing
VJ++: Visual J++ 'desktop' environment not only on the machine where it is
Java development platform (Software) (Microsoft) running, but from anywhere on the Internet and from a wide
variety of machine architectures (AT&T)
VL-BUS: Vesa Local BUS
VO: Video Output
VLAN: Virtual Local Area Network (Hardware) V
A networking architecture that allows end-systems on
topologically disconnected subnetworks to appear to be VO: Virtual Office
connected on the same LAN. Predominately used in reference
to ATM networking. Similar in functionality to bridging (Network) VOC: VOiCe
File name extension (Creative Labs)
VLB: Vesa Local Bus
Bus architecture (Hardware) VOC: VOiCe
File format for audio
VLD: Variable Length Decoder
VOD: Video On Demand
VLF: Very Low Frequency
VoDSL: Voice Over Digital Subscriber Line
VLIW: Very Long Instruction Word (Communication)

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 VOIP: Voice Over Internet Protocol VRML: Virtual Reality Modeling Language
An emerging technology for transporting integrated digital
voice, video, and data over IP networks (Network) VROOMM: Virtual Real-time Object Oriented
Memory Manager
VOL: VOLume
(Inprise)
VOM: Volt Ohm Milliampere VRT: Voltage Regulation Technology
(Hardware) (Intel)
VOR: Visions Of Reality VRU: Voice Response Unit
VOS: Voice Operating System VS: Virtual Storage
(IBM)
VoxML: Voice Markup Language
VS: Virtual Storage
VP: Vice President
VSA: Virtual System Architecture
VP: Virtual Path
VSA: Visual Studio Analyzer
VPA: Volume Purchase Agreement (Software) (Microsoft)

VPBX: Virtual Private Branch eXchange VSAM: Virtual Storage Access Method
(Hardware) (Operating systems) (IBM)

VPD: Vital Product Data VSAT: Very Small Aperture Terminal

(IBM) (Communication)

VPD: Virtual Printer Device VSB: Vestigial Sideband Modulation

(Communication)
VPDN: Virtual Private Data Network
VSDT: Variable-Size Droplet Technology
VPDS: Virtual Private Data Service Print technology (Hardware)

VPE: Video Port Extension VSE: Virtual Storage Extended

(Hardware) VSF: Vertical Scanning Frequency
VPE: Visual Programming Environment
VSI: Virtual Socket Interface
VPIM: Virtual Profile for Internet Mail
VSIA: Virtual Socket Interface Alliance
VPL: Virtual Programming Language (Organizations)

VPM: Virtual Parallel Machine VSIMM: Video Single In line Memory Module
A small printed circuit card that contains memory chips for
VPM: Video Port Manager storing video images (Hardware)
VSIO: Virtual Serial Input Output
VPN: Virtual Private Network
A network that functions as if it were private, though it exists on VSM: Visual System Management
public wires. Data is protected through encryption and other (IBM)
security mechanisms (Network)
VSM: Virtual Shared Memory
VPN: Virtual Page Number
VSM: Virtual Storage Management
VPS: Voice Processing System
VSN: Volume Serial Number
VPSC: Vault, Process, Structure,
Configuration VSOS: Virtual Storage Operating System
VPT: Virtual Print Technology
VSS: Visual Source Safe
VR: Voltage Regulator (Software) (Microsoft)
VSYNC: Vertical SYNChronization
VR: Virtual Reality
(Hardware)
VRAM: Video Random Access Memory VT: Video Terminal
V A type of dynamic RAM (DRAM) used in high-speed graphics (Hardware) (DEC)
frame buffers, providing separate buses for the CPU and the
frame buffer logic (Hardware) VT: Vertical Tab
VRC: Vertical Redundancy Check VTAM: Virtual Table Access Method
IBM operating system module (Operating systems)
VRD: Virtual Retinal Display
(Hardware) VTAS: Voice Traffic Analysis System
(HP)
VRE: Voltage Regulated Extended
VTNS: Virtual Telecommunications Network
VRM: Voltage Regulation Module Service
(Hardware)

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VTR: Video Tape Recorder
(Hardware)
VTS: Virtual Tape System
(Hardware)
VTS: Volume Tracking Driver

VTX: VideoTeX
(Communication)
VUI: Visual User Interface
(Operating systems)
VUP: Vax Unit of Performance

VWB: Visual WorkBench

(Microsoft)
VWM: Virtual Window Manager

VXA: Variable Speed Architecture

(Hardware)
VxD: Virtual device Driver
(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
VxD: Virtual eXtended Driver
(Microsoft)
VxFS: Veritas File System
(Operating systems)
VXML: Voice eXtensible Markup Language

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 W
W: Watt WATS: Wide Area Telephone Service
Power measurement unit
WAV: WAVeform
W-CDMA: Wide-band Code Division Multiple File format for audio streams
Access
WBEM: Web-Based Enterprise Management
(Communication)
W/: With WBI: Web Browsing Intelligence

W/O: WithOut WBMP: Wireless BitMaP

File Format for bitmapped images suitable for WAP devices
W2K: Windows 2000
WBS: Work Breakdown Structure
(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
W3: World Wide Web WBTS: Windows-Based Terminal Server

W3A: World Wide Web Applets WC: World Coordinates

The coordinate system that is scaled so that user-defined
W3C: World Wide Web Consortium objects can be represented in units appropriate to the
(Organizations) application, such as inches, meters, and miles

W4: What-Works-With-What WC: Word Count

WAAS: Wide Area Augmentation System WCCP: Web Cache Communications Protocol
(Network) (Cisco)
WAB: Windows Address Book
WCS: World Coordinate System
Filename extension (Software) (Microsoft)
WABI: Windows Application Binary WCTL: Web Crossing Template Language
Interface
WD: Western Digital
WADT: West Australian Daylight Time (Hardware)
Timezone: GMT +7:00
WDJ: Web Developer's Journal
WAE: Wireless Application Environment
WDL: Windows Driver Library
WAG: Wireless Applications Group (Operating systems) (Microsoft)
(Organizations)
WDM: Windows Driver Model
WAI: Web Application Interface (Operating systems) (Microsoft)
(Netscape)
WDM: Wavelength-Division Multiplexing
WAI: Web Accessibility Initiative A mechanism to allow multiple signals to be encoded into
multiple wavelengths (Communication)
WAIS: Wide Area Information Server (or
Service) WDP: Wireless Datagram Protocol
(Network)
WDRAM: Windows Dynamic Random Access
WAITI: WAIT for Interrupt Memory

WAITS: Wide Area Information Transfer WDU: Windows Desktop Update

System (Operating systems) (Microsoft)

WAL: Write Ahead Log WE: Write Enable

(Hardware)
WAN: Wide Area Network
WebNFS: WEB Network File System
A T1, T3, broadband, or other network covering an area
(Sun)
generally larger than a city or metropolitan area network
(Network) WECA: Wireless Ethernet Compatible
WAP: Wireless Application Protocol Alliance
(Organizations)
WAR: Web ARchive W
WEDT: Western Europe Daylight Time
WAS: Web Application Server Timezone: GMT +0:00
(Network) (Oracle) WELL: Whole Earth eLectronic Link
WAST: West Australian Standard Time
WEMA: Western Electronics Manufacturers
Timezone: GMT +7:00
Association
WAT: West Africa Time (Organizations)
Timezone: GMT -1:00
WEO: World Economic Outlook

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 WEP: Watchguard Event Processor WISE: Web-Integrated Software metrics
Environment
WEP: Windows Entertainement Pack (Network)
(Software) (Microsoft)
WISE: Wordperfect Information System
WEP: Windows Entry Point Environment
(Software)
WIT: Web Interactive Talk
WEST: Western Europe Standard Time
Timezone: GMT +0:00 WKB: WorKBook
File name extension
WFC: Windows Foundation Classes
(Software) WKS: WorKSheet
File name extension (Lotus)
WfM: Wired For Management
WL: Word Line
WFP: Windows File Protection
(Operating systems) (Microsoft) WLG: dr. Watson LoG
Filename extension (Microsoft)
WFQ: Weighted Fair Queuing
Per-flow packet scheduling in network elements that WLL: Wireless Local Loop
automatically categorizes traffic flows into high and low priority, (Communication)
based on volume of packets seen by a router or switch
(Network) WLM: Work Load Manager
WfW: Windows For Workgroups WM: Workstation Manager
(Microsoft) (Novell)
WG: Working Group WMA: Windows Media Author
(Microsoft)
WGPO: WorkGroup PostOffice
WMC: Workflow Management Coalition
WGS: WorkGroup System
WME: Windows Media Encoder
WHAM: Waveform Hold And Modify (Microsoft)
(Microsoft)
WMF: Windows Metafile Format
WHC: Workstation Host Connection File format for graphics (Microsoft)

WHISPER: Whindows Highly Intelligent WMI: Windows Management

SPEech Recognition Instrumentation
(Microsoft) (Microsoft)

WHQL: Windows Hardware Quality Labs WML: Wireless Markup Language

WIC: Whole Internet Catalogue WMLS: Wireless Markup Language Script

WIF: Wavelet Image File WMRM: Write Many, Read Many

File format for images (Hardware)

WIMP: Windows, Icons, Menus and WMT: Windows Media Technology

Pointing devices (Operating systems) (Microsoft)

WINA: Wap Interim Naming Authority WNIC: Wide-area Network Interface

Coprocessor
WINE: Wine Is Not an Emulator
WNIM: Wide-area Network Interface Module
Windows Emulator for Unix paltforms (Operating systems)
WINForum: Wireless Information Networks WOF: Web Objects Framework
FORUM (Network)

WinHEC: WINdows Hardware Engineering WOL: Wake On Lan

Conference (Hardware)

WINS: Windows Internet Name Service WOM: Write-Only Memory

(Operating systems) (Microsoft) (Hardware)

WINSOCK: WINdows SOCKets WORM: Write Once Read Many

(Hardware)
W Wintel: WINdows/inTEL
System based on Intel Processors and Microsoft Windows
WOS: Workstation Operating System
operating system
WOSA: Windows Open Systems
WIS: Windows Installer Service Architecture
(Operating systems) (Microsoft) (Operating systems) (Microsoft)
WISC: Writable Instruction Set Computer WOW: WithOut Worry
(Hardware) (Hardware) (Xerox)

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WOW: Windows on Win32 WTLS: Wireless Transport Layer Security
(Operating systems) (Microsoft)
WTO: World Trade Organization
WP: Word Processor (Organizations)
WP: WordPerfect WTP: Wireless Transaction Protocol
(Software) (Corel)
WTS: Windows Terminal Server
WP: Write Protected (Microsoft)
WPD: WordPerfect Document WUI: Web User Interface
File format for documents (Corel) (Network)
WPD: Windows Printer Description WV: Working Voltage
File name extension (Hardware)
WPG: WordPerfect Graphics WWIS: World Wide Information System
File name extension
WWW: World Wide Web
WPHD: Write-Protect Hard Disk The web of systems and the data in them that is the Internet
(Network)
wpm: Words Per Minute
Speech recognition processing power (Software) WYSBYGI: What You See Before You Get It
WPM: WordPerfect Macro WYSIWYG: What You See Is What You Get
File name extension
WPOS: WorkPlace Operating System

WPS: Windows Printing System

(Microsoft)
WPS: WorkPlace Shell
(IBM)
WPVM: Windows Parallel Virtual Machine

WPW: WordPerfect for Windows

(Software)
WRAM: Window Random Access Memory
(Hardware)
WRDS: Wharton Research Data Service

WRED: Weighted Random Early Detection

Combines IP precedence and Random Early Detection
capabilities to provide differentiated performance
characteristics for different classes of service (Network)
WRI: WRIte
File name extension
WRK: Windows Resource Kit
(Microsoft)
WS: WorkSpace

WS: WorkStation

WS: WordStar

WSAPI: Web Site Application Programming

Interface
(O'Reilly & Associates)
WSH: Windows Scripting Host

WSP: Wireless Session Protocol

W
WT: Write Through

WTA: Wireless Telephony Application

WTD: Week To Date

Time series function
WTF: What The F**k
(Messages)

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 X
X: X windows XLK: eXceL Backup
A windowing system developed by MIT (Operating systems) File name extension (Microsoft)

X2B: heXadecimal To Binary XLL: eXtensible Link Language

(IBM)
XLM: eXceL Macro
X2C: heXadecimal To Character File name extension (Microsoft)
(IBM)
XLT: eXceL Template
X2D: heXadecimal To Decimal File name extension (Microsoft)
(IBM)
XMA: eXtended Middleware Architecture
XA: eXtended Architecture (Software)

XA: eXtended Attribute XMIT: TransMIT

XAPIA: X.400 Application Programming XML: eXtensible Markup Language

Interface Association
XMM: eXtended Memory Manager
(Organizations)
XBM: X BitMap XMS: eXtended Memory Specification
File format for bitmapped images (Operating systems) (Microsoft)

XCHG: ExCHanGe XNS: Xerox Network Services

(Network)
XCMD: eXternal CoMmanD
XOFF: Transmitter OFF
(Software) (Apple)
XDF: Extended Density Format XON: Transmitter ON
(IBM)
XOR: eXclusive OR
XDM: X Display Manager
A program supplied with the OpenWindows interface that XP: eXtreme Performance
manages X displays (Hardware) (Compaq)
XDR: eXternal Data Representation XP: eXtreme Programming
A standard for machine-independent data structures developed (Software)
by Sun (Sun)
XPG: X/open Portability Guide
XFCN: eXternal FunCtioN (Operating systems)

XGA: eXtended Graphics Array XPM: X PixMap

Video specification for a resolution of 1024 X 768 pixels in 256 File format for bitmapped images
colors (Hardware)
XPRM: Xerox Print Resources Manager
XHTML: eXtensible HyperText Markup (Xerox)
Language
XQL: eXtensible Query Language
(Software)
XID: eXchange IDentifier XR: eXternal Reset
(Hardware)
XIF: eXternal Interface File
XRF: eXtended Recovery Facility
XIFF: eXtended Image File Format (IBM)
File format for images XRT: eXtensions for Real-Time
XIL: X Imaging Library
XSL: eXtensible Style Language
The XIL is a platform programming interface for imaging and
video support (Operating systems) XSMD: eXtended Storage Module Drive
XIOS: eXtended Input/Output System
XSSI: eXtended Server Side Includes
XIP: eXecute-In-Place
XT: eXtended Technology
XL: eXtended Length (IBM)
(Hardware)
X
XTAL: CrysTAL
XLA: eXceL Add-In
File name extension (Microsoft)
XTCLK: eXternal Transmit CLocK

XLAT: TransLATe XVGA: eXtended Video Graphics Array

Dispaly standard (Hardware)
XLF: Exceptional Fortran
(IBM)
XWD: X Window Dump

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 Y
Y2K: Year 2000

YACC: Yet Another Compiler Compiler

Unix program (Operating systems)
YAHOO: Yet Another Hierarchically
Officious Oracle
YAHU: Yet Another Header Utility
Utilities for peeking into executables headers (Software)
YAI: Yet Another Isp

YAM: Yet Another Modem

YAST: Yet Another Setup Tool

YATE: Yet Another Terminal Emulator

(Software)
YDT: Yukon Daylight Time
Timezone: GMT -9:00
YST: Yukon Standard Time
Timezone: GMT -9:00
YTD: Year To Date
Time series function

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 Z
Z-CAV: Zoned Constant Angular Velocity

ZAC: Zero Administration Client

ZAI: Zero Administration Initiative

ZAK: Zero Administration Kit

(Microsoft)
ZAW: Zero Administration for Windows
(Microsoft)
ZBR: Zero Bug Release
Pint in the software development at which all features are
correctly implemented and have no bugs logged against them
(Software)
ZBR: Zone-Bit Recording

ZCAV: Zone Constant Angular Velocity

(Hardware)
ZD: Ziff-Davis

ZDBOp: Ziff-Davis Benchmark OPeration

ZDL: Zero Delay Lockout

ZDMI: Ziff-Davis Market Intelligence

ZDS: Zenith Data Systems

ZDTV: Ziff-Davis TeleVision

ZEN: Zero Effort Networking

(Novell)
ZIF: Zero Insertion Force
(Hardware)
ZIP: Zigzag In-line Package
(Hardware)
ZIP: Zone Improvement Plan
Postal code
ZPV: Zoomed Port Video

ZSL: Zero Slot Lan

ZV: Zoomed Video

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