Open vs Cased Hole Sandface

Technique Selection
Cased Hole Open Hole
Perforations
Cased Vs Open Hole
Liner/Casing
Gravel Pack
Cased Hole (50 to 250 ft screen per well)
Frac-pack
Sand Control Completion Types
Gravel Pack
Frac-pack
Open Hole (1000 to 3000+ ft screen per well)
ESS
Gravel Pack
(Alpha Beta and APS)
Stand Alone Screen
(Including ICD)
Completion Selection Drivers
Efficiency lowering cost
Reliability
Longevity
Risk mitigation
Completion performance
BG
Completion performance
REVENUE REVENUE RISKEX RISKEX OPEX OPEX CAPEX CAPEX
+ +
?
PROFIT PROFIT
Technical Considerations
Production rate/kh
Zonal isolation
Wellbore stability
Stresses can I fracture
BG
Depth
Interval length
Open Hole when
When
High rate/kh wells
Longer interval length
Limitations/Risks
Wellbore stability
Multizone wells
Zonal isolation
BG
Benefits
Higher productivity low skin
Lower well cost
Zonal isolation
Cased Hole When
When
Multizone wells
Deeper wells
Full zonal isolation
Limitations/Risks
Perforations are choke for high
rate wells (especially gas)
Interval length limited to < +/-
400ft (TVD), unless stacked
BG
Wellbore stability
Benefits
Reliable
400ft (TVD), unless stacked
Productivity Driver for Open Holes
Oilfield Review
Summer 2001
BG
Transmissibility, 1000 md-ft/cp
Welling Criteria SPE 39475
For oil wells:
Fracpack if Kres < 900 mD
OHGP if Kres > 900 mD
For gas wells:
Q < 200 Mscf/d
Fracpack if Kres < 300 mD
Based on modeling
BG
Fracpack if Kres < 300 mD
HRWP if Kres > 300 mD
Q > 200 Mscf/d
F&P if Kres < 200 mD
HRWP if Kres > 200 mD
Q > 500 Mscf/d
F&P if Kres < 150 mD
HRWP if Kres > 150 mD
OHGP if Kres > 600 mD
Horizontal Open Hole
Increase reservoir contact
Avoid coning
Reduce flux rates for thin pays
Minimize compaction issues
Improve sweep
BG
Improve sweep
Stitch compartmentalized reservoirs
Reduce risk of sand production
* Open hole completions increase operational complexity and
pose more completion risk
Open Hole Completion Type Selection - Key
Parameters
Rock strength properties UCS, in-situ stresses
Formation Particle Size Distribution (PSD)
Drilling mud environment
Is the formation homogenous or heterogeneous
Are there reactive shales
BG
Are there reactive shales
Reservoir fracture pressure window
Zonal isolation
Sand production at the onset of depletion
Is it a high risk environment subsea
Particle Size Distribution (PSD)
40/60 20/40
Cumulative Log Diagram
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
C
u
m
.

%

b
y

W
e
i
g
h
t
Saucier Sizing
Sample B
Well Sorted
D
50
BG
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
0.0001 0.0010 0.0100 0.1000
Grain Diameter (inches)
C
u
m
.

%

b
y

W
e
i
g
h
t
0.00021
0.006
0.017
0.003
Sample A
Poorly Sorted
D
D
40
90
0 003
0 001
3 = =
.
.
Sample B
D
D
40
90
0 006
0 00021
29 = =
.
.
Sample A
Water Packing or Shunt Packing (SPE 85504)
High Risk Environments
Deepwater
Low Net to Gross w/Reactive Shales
Wells drilled with S/OB-RDFs thin filtercake
Out of gauge hole sections
Subsea wells (rathole size and length below last casing point)
BG
Subsea wells (rathole size and length below last casing point)
Low or unknown Frac gradient
Inflatable packers required for compartmentalisation/zonal
isolation
Simultaneous GP and Cleanup preferred (particularly Injectors)
OH Fracing (injectors)
Based On Field Experience (Bennett et al., BP)
BG
Fracpack vs HRWP
HRWP when
Marginal economics
Pressure limitations in the near
wellbore area
Probability of parting casing/liner top
BG
Probability of parting casing/liner top
Close proximity to water
HHP limitations
Sand Control
Borehole Stability
Sustained Production
Poor 1
O
H

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Completion Options
Best Completions
Based On
Production
BG
Sustained Production
Zonal Isolation
Rig Time Savings
Execution Logistics
10 9 11 11 13 12
Fair 2
Good 3
Sand Control
Geographic Distribution - Completion Type
Sand Prone Reservoirs Sand Prone Reservoirs Sand Prone Reservoirs Sand Prone Reservoirs
GoM
Baku
Saudi Arabia
North Sea
Egypt
Italy
Eastern
Canada
Alaska
CH Fracpack
OH Water Pack
SAS
OH Water Pack
SAS
OH Gravel Pack
BG
Brazil
Nigeria
Angola
Saudi Arabia
Venezuela and Trinidad
India
Australia
South China Sea
OH Gravel Pack
APS
Water Pack
OH Water Pack
CH Fracpack
CH FP
OH GP
APS
Water Pack
Questions?
BG
Questions?