trouble in my airline pathways. As I drive I noticed that there are obstacles on my paths. Volcano on my right side, then a hurricane on my left and then another airplane along my way. Would you like to tell me other paths? I might lost and crash. Please help me before its too late! Indeed, we see the trouble you are going through as seen in our radar. Please double check and listen to our instructions. You are heading on a too dangerous mission! This is the picture of what youre heading. We will give you ideas on how to drive the plane in different direction. SHORTEST DISTANCE SAFE ALTERNATIVE PATH Note: Due to the gravity, volcanoes can pull the airplanes toward to their crater. Note: When there is too much clouds or hurricanes, pilots doesnt have clear paths. Huge air can disrupt airplane banking. Just like highways and street paths, airplanes also have own paths across the sky. They cant just fly in whatever direction they want! Other Plane Volcano Hurricane As you can see, if you will connect the paths, you can form triangles. 46.92 69.81 How sure you are that we have the same path? You travel at 4.45 miles 69.81 East of North then you turn at 46.92 degree. Do we have the same distance from the triangles we formed? 4.45 miles Yes captain. I remember during my Geometry class. My triangle in the screen is just same because we have same angle (69.81 O ) then 4.45 miles as side, then other same angle ( 46.92 O ). It is known as ASA! Angle-Side-Angle. If two angles and the included side of one triangle are congruent to the corresponding two angles and the included side of another triangle, then the two triangles are congruent! SAME Nice job! Now, proceed to your next path from the last point! Im sending you the image. I drove 2.05 miles then turns to my right at 45.59O degrees. Then at 2.84 miles. Im sure, I cannot meet the hurricane. It is because, we have the same triangles? And I know you are familiar with SAS Postulate! It means Side- Angle- Side. If two sides and the included angle of one triangle are congruent to the corresponding two sides and the included angle of another triangle, then the two triangles are congruent. 2.05 miles 2.84 miles 45.59 O SAME Captain! This is my last trial. Before Ill bump with other plane. I just want to make sure that I turn left at 2.84 miles then will drive at 1.92 miles. However captain, I dont know the angles. Will it still be the same if I connect the starting point to the endpoint and it forms 2.08 miles? What do you think? Suppose I will give you this figure. For example, you just drove 1 mile. Will it have the same angle? 1 mile No its not! Ah, I understand! Same sides of a two triangles means same angle to the other triangles. That is SSS or Side-Side-Side! They are just congruent! SAME 1.92
2.84
2.08
? And now Ill be safe to take off my flight! Imagine if I didnt recall my geometry lessons, many people will suffer and die! I feel like Im hero. Good thing that my passengers dont know the dangers ahead. Thanks much Captain. Knowledge in math can save us from unexpected dangers. Side-Angle-Side Postulate (SAS) If two sides and the included angle of one triangle are congruent to the corresponding two sides and the included angle of another triangle, then the two triangles are congruent.
Angle-Side-Angle Postulate (ASA) If two angles and the included side of one triangle are congruent to the corresponding two angles and the included side of another triangle, then the two triangles are congruent.
Side-Side-Side Postulate (SSS) If three sides of one triangle are congruent to the corresponding sides of the other triangle, then the two triangles are congruent REMEMBER THIS!!! a. Materials: Compass, ruler, pencil b. Procedure
Start with three line segments that will be the three sides of the triangle ABC. 1. Mark a point A that will be one vertex of the new triangle. 2. Set the compass width to the length of the segment AB. This will become the base of the new triangle. 3. With the compass point on A, make an arc near the future vertex B of the triangle. 4. Mark a point B on this arc. This will become the next vertex of the new triangle. 7. Use the compass to measure the length of the segment BC, the length of the third side of the triangle. 6. Place the compass point on A and make an arc in the vicinity of where the third vertex of the triangle (C) will be. All points along this arc are the distance AC from A, but we do not yet quite know exactly where the vertex C is. 5. Set the compass width to the length of the line segment AC. 8. From point B, draw an arc crossing the first. Where these intersect is the vertex C of the triangle 9. Finally, draw the three sides AB, AC, and BC of the new triangle. 10. Done. The blue triangle ABC has each side congruent to the corresponding line segment. Given: QR UT, RS TS, QS = 10, US = 10 Prove: QRS UTS Q U R T Statements Reasons________ 1. QR UT, RS TS, 1. _________ QS=10, US=10 2. QS = US 2. Substitution 3. ____________ 3. Def of segs. 4. QRS UTS 4. _________ s II. SAS Postulate Start with two line segments and the included angle. 1. Mark a point A that will be one vertex of the new triangle. 2. Draw a ray from point A. This will become the side AB of the new triangle, so make it longer than AB. a. Materials: Compass, ruler, pencil b. Procedure
3. Set the compass width to the length of the given side AB. 4. Set the compass on A, and mark a point B on the ray just drawn. 5. With the compass set to any convenient width, from the point A on the given angle, draw an arc across both lines.. 6. Without changing the compass width, draw a similar sized arc at point A on the new triangle. 7. Set the compass to the arc width at the given angle A. This the distance between the points where the arc intersects the sides of the angle. 8. Make a similar arc on the new triangle so it crosses the previous arc. 6. Without changing the compass width, draw a similar sized arc at point A on the new triangle. 9. Draw a ray from A, through where the arcs intersect and onwards. This will become side AC of the triangle so make it longer than AC. 9. Draw a ray from A, through where the arcs intersect and onwards. This will become side AC of the triangle so make it longer than AC. 10. Set the compass width to the distance AC. 11. With the compass on A, make an arc across the second ray, creating point C. 12. Draw the line BC, the third side of the triangle Statements 1. DR AG; AR GR 2. ___________ 3.DRG & DRA are rt. s 4.____________ 5. DRG DRA Reasons 1. ____________ 2. Reflexive Property 3. lines form 4 rt. s
4. Right s Theorem 5. __________
D A G R Given: DR AG and AR GR Prove: DRA DRG. Start with the given line segment and two angles. Note: The two given angles are only there to indicate The measure of the two angles. The lines making up the given angles have random lengths that have no significance in the construction. 1. Mark a point A that will be one vertex of the new triangle. 2. Set the compass width to the length of the segment AB. a. Materials: Compass, ruler, pencil b. Procedure
3. With the compass point on A, make an arc near the future vertex B of the triangle. 4. Mark a point B on this arc. Then draw the line AB. This will be one side of the new triangle. 5. With the compass at any convenient width, draw an arc across both lines of the given angle A. 6. Without changing the compass width, draw an arc at point A on the new triangle. The arc must cross AB and also cross the future side of the triangle. 7. Set the compass to the arc width at the given angle A. This the distance between the points where the arc intersects the sides of the angle. 8. Near point A draw an arc in a similar position so it crosses the arc drawn earlier. This, in effect, 'copies' the measure of the angle at P to the angle at A. 9. Draw a line from A through the point where the arcs intersect. This will become the second side of the triangle. Draw it long. 10. Repeat this process at B. Copying the angle measure from the given angle B to the new triangle at B. The point where the lines intersect is C, the third vertex of the triangle. Given: ADEC, BD BC Prove: ABD EBC Plan for proof: Notice that ABD and EBC are congruent. You are given that BD BC. Use the fact that AD EC to identify a pair of congruent angles. Statements: Reasons: 1. Given 2. ___________ 3. If || lines, then alt. int. s are 4. ___________ 5. ASA Congruence Postulate A B C D E 1. BD BC 2. AD EC 3. ___________
4. ABD EBC 5. ___________
What do you call a fruit that doesnt come from a tree or plant? Activity #1 A RIDDLE: Direction: Verify a set of conditions that guarantees triangle congruence by definition of triangle congruence. Write the letter of the correct choice in each box that contains the exercise number.
F E H G 4 3 7 5 I 2 8 6 1 3 4 5 6 7 2 8 4 5 1 HOW MANY CHROMOSOMES DOES A NORMAL HUMAN BEING HAVE? Direction: To answer this questions, follow the instructions. Two congruent triangles are indicated in each exercise. Assuming you know only that the marked parts are congruent, blacken the circle of the theorem that proves that the two triangles are congruent. Write the letter of the correct choice in the box that contains the exercise number. Activity #2 TRIVIA: 1.
5. 2. 6. 3.
7. 4.
8.
SSS SAS ASA SSS SAS ASA ASA SSS SAS SSS SAS ASA SAS ASA SSS ASA SSS SAS SSS ASA SAS ASA SSS SAS 4 7 5 1 3 8 2 6 SELF CHECK:
Put a check mark on the blank corresponding to your answer.
After reading the lesson: __ I now understand the lesson __ I still do not understand
The activities have been: __ easy __ difficult
My score is: __ 18 (very good) __ 12-17 (good) __ below 12 (needs improvement) Enrichment Card Tell whether the following pairs of triangles are congruent. If yes, state the congruence postulate.
Books Geometry by Isidore Dresser pp 110 Geometry by Dilao, Soledad and Julieta Bernabe (Revised Edition) pp. 89 -100 Geometry by Ferdinand Pa
Given: QR UT, RS TS, QS = 10, US = 10 Prove: QRS UTS Q U R T S Statements Reasons________ 1. QR UT, RS TS, 1. Given QS=10, US=10 2. QS = US 2. Substitution 3. QS US 3. Def of segs. 4. QRS UTS 4. SSS Postulate Statements 1. DR AG; AR GR 2. DR DR 3.DRG & DRA are rt. s 4. DRG DRA 5. DRG DRA Reasons 1. Given 2. Reflexive Property 3. lines form 4 rt. s 4. Right s Theorem 5. SAS Postulate D A G R Given: DR AG and AR GR Prove: DRA DRG. Given: ADEC, BD BC Prove: ABD EBC Plan for proof: Notice that ABD and EBC are congruent. You are given that BD BC. Use the fact that AD EC to identify a pair of congruent angles. Statements: Reasons: 1. Given 2. Given 3. If || lines, then alt. int. s are 4. Vertical Angles Theorem 5. ASA Congruence Postulate A B C D E 1. BD BC 2. AD EC 3. D C
4. ABD EBC 5. ABD EBC
3 4 5 6 7 2 8 4 5 1 J U I C Y F R U I T 4 7 5 1 3 8 2 6 F O R T Y S I X SSS Postulate SAS Postulate SAS Postulate Not Possible ASA Postulate Not Possible Not Possible