MCQ RF

1.
The velocity factor of a transmission line depends on

A. temperature
B. skin effect
C. relative permittivity of dielectric
D. none of the above
Answer & Explanation
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
r
of a dielectric changes with humidity.

2. A loss less line of characteristic impedance Z
0
is terminated in pure reactance of -jZ
0
value.
VSWR is
A. 10 B. 2
C. 1 D. infinity
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
A pure reactance does not absorb any power.
Therefore VSWR is infinite because |r
v
| = 1.

3. In a klystron amplifier the input cavity is called
A. buncher
B. catcher
C. Pierce gun
D. collector
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
A Klystron is a vacuum tube used for generation/amplification of microwaves.
An electron beam is produced by oxide coated indirectly heated cathode and is focussed and
accelerated by focussing electrode.
This beam is transmitted through a glass tube. The input cavity where the beam enters the
glass tube is called buncher.
As electrons move ahead they see an accelerating field for half cycle and retarding field for the
other half cycle.
Therefore, some electrons are accelerated and some are retarded. This process is called
velocity modulation.
The velocity modulation causes bunching of electrons. This bunching effect converts velocity
modulation into density modulation of beam.
The input is fed at buncher cavity and output is taken at catcher cavity.
In a two cavity klystron only buncher and catcher cavity are used. In multi cavity klystron one
or more intermediate cavities are also used.
The features of a multicavity klystron are :
1. Frequency range - 0.25 GHz to 100 GHz
2. Power output - 10 kW to several hundred kW
3. Power gain - 60 dB (nominal value)
4. Efficiency - about 40%.
A multicavity klystron is used in UHF TV transmitters, Radar transmitter and satellite
communication.

4. In a circular waveguide the dominant mode is
A. TE
01
B. TE
11

C. TE
20
D. TE
21

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Some applications require dual polarization capability. Circular waveguide has this capability.
These analysis uses cylindrical coordinates.
In circular waveguide TE
11
mode has the lowest cut off frequency and is the dominant mode.
If D is diameter of waveguide
c
= 1.706 D for TE
11
mode
c
= 1.029 D for TE
21
mode
c
= 0.82 D for TE
01
mode
c
= 1.306 D for TM
01
mode.

5. The reflection coefficient on a line is 0.2 45. The SWR is
A. 0.8 B. 1.1
C. 1.2 D. 1.5
Answer: Option D
Explanation:

6. Microwave resonators are used in
A. microwave oscillators
B. microwave narrow band amplifier
C. microwave frequency metres
D. all of the above
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
They are used in all the devices.

7. Assertion (A): TWT uses a focussing mechanism to prevent the electron beam from
spreading.
Reason (R): In a TWT the electron beam has to travel a much longer distance than in
klystron.
A. Both A and R are correct and R is correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are correct but R is not correct explanation of A
C. A is correct but R is wrong
D. A is wrong but R is correct
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
In a klystron the resonant structure limits the bandwidth.
A TWT is a broadband device. Its main components are electron gun (to produce the electron
beam) and a structure supporting the slow electromagnetic wave.
The velocity of wave propagation along the helix structure is less than velocity of light.
The beam and wave travel along the structure at the same speed.
Thus interaction occurs between beam and wave and the beam delivers energy to the RF wave.
Therefore the signal gets strengthened and amplified output is delivered at the other end of
tube.
The main features of TWT are :
2. Power output - 5 mW at low frequencies(less than 20 GHz) 250 kW (continuous wave) at 3
GHz 10 MW (pulsed) at 3 GHz
3. Efficiency - about 5 to 20%
4. Noise - about 5 dB for low power TWT 25 dB for high power TWT
TWT is used as RF amplifier in broadband microwave receivers, repeater amplifier in broad
band communication systems, communication satellites etc.

8. In a TWT the amplitude of resultant wave travelling down the helix
A. increases exponentially
B. increases linearly
C. decreases exponentially
D. is almost constant
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Thus interaction occurs between beam and wave and the beam delivers energy to the RF wave.
tube.
2. Power output - 5 mW at low frequencies(less than 20 GHz) 250 kW (continuous wave) at 3
GHz 10 MW (pulsed) at 3 GHz

9. Which of the following is not a travelling wave?
A. e = E
m
sin (x - t)
B. e = E
m
cos (x - t)
C. e = E
m
sin (t - x)
D. e = E
m
sin (x)
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
In a travelling wave both x and t increase simultaneously so that a constant phase point moves
in the direction of positive (or negative) x.

10. Both Impatt and Trapatt devices use avalanche effect
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
An Impatt diode has n
+
- p - i - p
+
structure and is used with reverse bias.
It exhibits negative resistance and operates on the principle of avalanche breakdown.
Impatt diode circuits are classified as broadly tunable circuit, low Q circuit and high Q
circuit.
The impedance of Impatt diode is a few ohms. The word Impatt stands for Impact Avalanche
Transit Time diode.
The features of Impatt diode oscillator are : frequency 1 to 300 GHz, Power output (0.5 W to
5 W for single diode circuit and upto 40 W for combination of several diodes), efficiency
about 20%.
Its applications include police radar systems, low power microwave transmitter etc.
Avalanche diode can also be operated in large signal high efficiency mode called Trapped
Avalanche Transit Time mode.
The Trapatt oscillations depend on the delay in the current caused by avalanche process.
The avalanche delay makes it possible to increase the diode voltage well above the
breakdown voltage.
Therefore a very rapid multiplication of charge carriers occurs. A Trapatt diode is also a
negative resistance device.
The features of Trapatt diode oscillator are : Frequency 3 to 50 GHz, Power output 1-3 W,
efficiency about 25%.
Its applications are low power doppler radar, microwave beacon landing system etc.
11. In a directional coupler
A.isolation (dB) equals coupling plus directivity
B. coupling (dB) equals isolation plus directivity
C.directivity (dB) equals isolation plus coupling
D.isolation (dB) equals (coupling) (directivity)
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Isolation equals coupling plus directivity.

12. As the frequency is increased, the charging MVAR in a cable
A.decreases
B. increases
C.remain the same
D.decreases or remains the scheme
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Charging current and MVAR are proportional to frequency.

13. Loss angle of a good quality cable is about
A.1 B. 30
C.70 D. 90
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
For ideal dielectric loss angle is zero. For good quality cables, loss angle is very small, about
1 only.

14. In a three cavity klystron amplifier, the oscillations are excited in
A.input cavity
B. output cavity
C.intermediate cavity
D.both (a) and (b)
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
As electrons move ahead they see an accelerating field for half cycle and retarding field for
the other half cycle.
In a two cavity klystron only buncher and catcher cavity are used. In multi cavity klystron
one or more intermediate cavities are also used.
communication.

15. In the given figure reflection coefficient at load is

A.0.6
B. - 0.6
C.0.4
D.- 0.4
Answer: Option B
Explanation:

16. Which of the following lines is non-radiating?
A.Open two wire
B. Coaxial
C.Both
D.None of the above
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Since fields are confirmed within a coaxial cable it is non-radiating.

17. Assertion (A): The impedance of a matched load is equal to characteristic impedance of line.
Reason (R): A matched termination absorbs all the power incident on it.
A.Both A and R are correct and R is correct explanation of A
C.A is correct but R is wrong
D.A is wrong but R is correct
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Matched load means no reflections.

18. Skin effect is more pronounced at high frequencies.
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Skin effect increases as frequency increases.

19. Assertion (A): The phenomenon of differential mobility is called transferred electron effect.
Reason (R): GaAs exhibits transferred electron effect.
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
A Gunn diode uses GaAs which has a negative differential mobility, i.e., a decrease in carrier
velocity with increase in electric field.
This effects is called transferred electron effect. The impedance of a Gunn diode is tens of
ohms.
A Gunn diode oscillator has a resonant cavity, an arrangement to couple Gunn diode to
cavity, biasing arrangement for Gunn diode and arrangement to couple RF power to load.
Applications of Gunn diode oscillator include continuous wave radar, pulsed radar and
microwave receivers.

20. Which of the following devices uses a helix?
A.Klystron amplifier
B. Klystron oscillator
C.TWT
D.Both (a) and (b)
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Thus interaction occurs between beam and wave and the beam delivers energy to the RF
wave.
tube.
2. Power output - 5 mW at low frequencies(less than 20 GHz) 250 kW (continuous wave) at
3 GHz 10 MW (pulsed) at 3 GHz

21. Which of the following parameters is negligible in transmission lines?
A.R B. L
C.C D. G
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Shunt conductance can be neglected in most of calculations.

22. The width of a radio beam from a 1 m diameter parabolic antenna at 10 GHz is about
A.100 B. 50
C.5 D. 1
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

23. The diagram to show distance time history of electrons in klystron amplifier is called
A.apple gate diagram
B. asynchronous diagram
C.bunching diagram
D.velocity modulation diagram
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Applegate diagram is distance time plot.

24. Impedance level of Impatt diodes is generally lower than that of Gunn diodes
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
+
- p - i - p
+
circuit.
Transit Time diode.
about 20%.

25. A quarter wave line open circuited at far end behaves as
A.inductance
B. L and C in parallel
C.capacitance
D.L and C in series
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
A quarter wave line o.c. at far end behaves as a series tuned circuit.
26. A line has Z
0
= 300 0 . If Z
L
= 150 0 , reflection coefficient is
A.0.5 B. 0.3333
C.-0.3333 D. -0.5
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Reflection coefficient

27. Assertion (A): A backward wave oscillator has an internal positive feedback.
Reason (R): A positive feedback is necessary for sustained oscillations.
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
It is somewhat similar to TWT and can deliver microwave power over a wide frequency
band.
It has an electron gun and a helix structure. However the interaction between electron beam
and RF wave is different than in TWT.
The growing RF wave travels in opposite direction to the electron beam.
The frequency of wave can be changed by changing the voltage which controls the beam
velocity.
Moreover the amplitude of oscillations can be decreased continuously to zero by changing
the beam current.
It features are:
1. Frequency range - 1 GHz to 1000 GHz.
2. Power output - 10 mV to 150 mW (continuous wave) 250kW (pulsed).
It is used as signal source in transmitters and instruments.

28. In a microstrip transmission the signal can be easily redirected by changing the centre strip.
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
A Microstrip line has a single dielectric substratc with ground plane on one side and a strip
on the other face.
Its special feature is easy access to top surface so that minor adjustments can be made after
circuit fabrication.
The high dielectric constant of the substrate reduces guide wavelength and circuit
dimensions.
A microstrip line is the most commomly used transmission structure for microwave
integrated circuits.

29. The frequency of oscillation in a backward wave oscillator can be changed by
A.varying the voltage which controls beam velocity
B. varying the beam current
C.
both by varying the beam current and by light varying the voltage which controls beam
velocity
D.changing the rate of thermionic emission
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
band.
velocity.
the beam current.
It features are:

30. A line has a phase constant of 29.8 rad/m. At 1000 MHz the wavelength is
A.29.8 m
B. 2.98 m
C.2.1 m
D.0.21 m
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
.
31. In the given figure the time taken by the wave to make one round trip is

A.10 ns
B. 20 ns
C.30 ns
D.40 ns
Answer: Option D
Explanation:

32. For a 50 resistor for 3 GHz application, the stray capacitance should be less than
A.1 F
B. 1 nF
C.1 pF
D.0.1 pF
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
X
C
should be at least ten times greater than R. Therefore for 50 resistor at 3 GHz, C should
be less than 0.1 pF.

33. In a travelling wave tube distributed interaction between an electron beam and a travelling
wave takes place
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
wave.
tube.

34. The fabrication of microstrip line is done by
A.photo etching
B. printed circuit technique
C.oxidation
D.cladding
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Printed circuit techniques is used for micro strip line.

35. The condition of minimum distortion in a transmission line is
A.RL = 1
B. R = 0
C.

D.

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
The condition for minimum distortion is found by equating The result is .
36. The action of backward wave oscillator is similar to that of
A.klystron amplifier
B. reflex klystron oscillator
C.TWT
D.magnetron
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
band.
velocity.
the beam current.
It features are:

37. In the given figure the reflection coefficient at source end is

A.1 B. -1
C.1/3 D. -1/3
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
.

38. Assertion (A): Artificial transmission lines are frequently used in laboratories.
Reason (R): An artificial transmission line can be used to represent an actual line and can
also be used as a delay circuit, as attenuator, as filter network etc.
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Artificial transmission lines have many applications. One of the applications is to simulate an
actual line in the laboratory.

39. In a backward wave oscillator the wave travelling along the line winds itself back and forth
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
band.
velocity.
the beam current.
It features are:

40. A line is excited by a 100 V dc source. If reflection coefficients at both ends are 1 each then
A.there will be no oscillations on line
B. there will be only 1 or 2 oscillations on line
C.there will be a finite number of oscillations on line
D.the oscillations will continue indefinitely
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Because r
v
= 1 at each end, the line voltage will not reach a steady value and oscillations will
continue indefinitely.
C.TWT
D.magnetron
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
band.
velocity.
the beam current.
It features are:


A.1 B. -1
C.1/3 D. -1/3
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
.

Answer: Option A
Explanation:

A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
band.
velocity.
the beam current.
It features are:

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Because r
v
C.TWT
D.magnetron
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
band.
velocity.
the beam current.
It features are:


A.1 B. -1
C.1/3 D. -1/3
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
.

Answer: Option A
Explanation:

A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
band.
velocity.
the beam current.
It features are:

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Because r
v
41. Assertion (A): A coaxial line is a non-radiating line.
Reason (R): In a coaxial line the electric and magnetic fields are confined to the region
between the concentric conductors.
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Since the fields are confined, there is no radiation.

42. Reflex klystron oscillator is essentially a low power device
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
It uses a single cavity resonator for generating microwave oscillations.
Its parts are electron gun, resonator, repeller and output coupling.
It operates on the principle of positive feed back.
The repeller electrode is at negative potential and sends the partially bunched electron beam
back to resonator cavity.
This positive feedback supports oscillations. Its feature are:
1. Frequency range - 2 to 100 GHz
2. Power output - 10 MW to about 2 W
3. Efficiency - 10 - 20 %
Its applications include radar receivers, local oscillator in microwave devices, oscillator for
microwave measurements in laboratories etc.

43. A 10 km long line has a characteristic impedance of 400 ohms. If line length is 100 km, the
characteristic impedance is
A.4000
B. 400
C.40
D.4
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
and is independent of line length.

44. A matched generator (Z
g
= Z
0
) with 1 available. If all ports are matched, the power
delivered at ports 1, 2, 3 respectively are
A.0.5 W, 0.5 W, 0 W
B. 0 W, 0 W, 1 W
C.0.33 W each
D.0 W, 0.25 W, 0.25 W
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Since all ports matched, input SWR = 1. No power is reflected and P
in
= P
4
= 1 W.
This power splits between ports 1 and 2. Therefore P
1
= P
2
= 0.5 , P
3
= 0.

45. Which TM mode in rectangular waveguide has lowest cutoff frequency?
A.TM
11
B. TM
01

C.TM
10
D. TM
21

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
H
z
= 0

E
x
= Z
TM
H
y

E
y
= Z
TM
H
x

where E
0
is the amplitude of the wave.
The expressions for ,
c
, f
c
,
g
, a are the same as for TE waves.
For TM wave the lowest cut off frequency in rectangular wave guide is for TM
11
mode.
If , the cutoff frequency for TM
11
mode is about 12% more than that for TE
20
mode.
46. A resistive microwave load with Z
L
= 150 is connected to 50 coaxial line. SWR is
A.more than 3
B. less than 3
C.equal to 3
D.either (a) or (c)
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

47. Which of the following devices uses a slow wave structure?
A.Klystron two cavity amplifier
B. Klystron multicavity amplifier
C.Reflex klystron oscillator
D.TWT
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
wave.
tube.

48. In a turnstile antenna two-half wave resonant wire radiators are placed at 90 to each other in
the same plane and are excited
A.in phase
B. in phase opposition
C.90 out of phase with each other
D.45 out of phase with each other
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Since the two wire radiators are at 90 to each other, they have to be excited 90 out of phase
with each other.

49. A waveguide section in a microwave circuit acts as
A.LP filter
B. Bandpass filter
C.HP filter
D.Band stop filter
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
It allows high frequencies.

50. In a klystron amplifier dc electron velocity is v
0
and dc electron charge density is r
0
the dc
beam current is
A.r
0
v
0

B. r
0
/
v
0

C.v
0
/
r
0

D.(v
0
/
r
0
)
2

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
= coulomb |sec|m
2
= current density.
1. The directivity in a receiving antenna
1. increases the intercept area in forward direction
2. reduces the noise picked up from other sources
3. provides a means of discriminating against undesired signals originating in directions
other than in which the desired transmitter lies.
Which of the above statements are correct?
A.1 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C.1, 2 and 3
D.2 and 3 only
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
All the three are correct.

2. Assertion (A): PIN diode can be used as attenuator and limiter.
Reason (R): PIN diode has a thin intrinsic layer.
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
A PIN diode has an intrinsic (i) layer between p and n layers. When reverse bias is applied
depletion layers are formed at p-i and i-n junctions.
The effective/width of depletion layer increases by the width of i layer. It can be used as a
voltage controlled attenuator.
At high frequencies the rectification effect ceases and impedance of diode is effectively that of
i layer.
This impedance varies with the applied bias. It is used in high frequency switching circuits,
limiters, modulators etc.

3. The bunching action which occurs in multicavity klystron amplifier can be represented by
Applegate diagram
A. True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
As electrons move ahead they see an accelerating field for half cycle and retarding field for the
other half cycle.
In a two cavity klystron only buncher and catcher cavity are used. In multi cavity klystron one
or more intermediate cavities are also used.
communication.

4. The cut off wavelength in circular waveguide
A. guide diameter
B. square of guide diameter
C. cube of guide diameter
D. square root of guide diameter
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Some applications require dual polarization capability. Circular waveguide has this capability.
11
c
= 1.706 D for TE
11
mode
c
= 1.029 D for TE
21
mode
c
= 0.82 D for TE
01
mode
c
= 1.306 D for TM
01
mode.

5. In Reflex Klystron oscillator the focussing electrode is at a high potential
A. True B. False
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
6. Consider the following statements
1. Impedance of Gunn diode is about tens of ohms.
2. Impedance of Impatt diode is a few ohms.
3. Impedance of Impatt diode are of the same order.
4. Impedance of Impatt diode is more than that of Gunn diode.
Which of the above statement are correct?
A. all
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 1, 2 and 3
D. 1, 2 and 4
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
ohms.
A Gunn diode oscillator has a resonant cavity, an arrangement to couple Gunn diode to cavity,
biasing arrangement for Gunn diode and arrangement to couple RF power to load.
+
- p - i - p
+
It exhibits negative resistance and operates on the principle of avalanche breakdown. Impatt
diode circuits are classified as broadly tunable circuit, low Q circuit and high Q circuit.
Transit Time diode.
The features of Impatt diode oscillator are : Frequency 1 to 300 GHz, Power output (0.5 W to
about 20%.

7. In high frequency circuits impedance matching can be done by
1. open circuited stubs
2. short circuited stubs
3. transformer
Which of the above correct?
A. 1, 2 and 3
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 2 and 3 only
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
All the three can be used for impedance matching in high frequency circuits.

8. The directive gain of a transmitting antenna is proportional to
A. its cross-sectional area
B. square of cross-sectional area
C. square root of cross-sectional area
D. cube root of cross-sectional area
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
and is thus proportional to cross sectional area.

9. In a loss line R
L
< Z
0
, then
A. Reflection coefficient is zero
B. Reflection coefficient is
C. Reflection coefficient is negative
D. Reflection coefficient is positive
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Since R
L
< Z
0
, r
v
is negative.

10. Assertion (A): A backward wave oscillator can be used as a sweep generator.
Reason (R): The frequency of oscillation of a backward wave oscillator can be changed by
varying the voltage which controls the beam velocity.
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
band.
velocity.
the beam current.
It features are:
11. If a line having Z
0
= 300 0 W is open circuited at far end, VSWR is
A.0 B. 1
C. D. 2
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
If line is o.c. |r
v
| = 1 and VSWR = .

12. If f is the frequency of electromagnetic wave, f
c
is cutoff frequency, then in a rectangular
waveguide
A.attenuation is low when f > f
c

B. attenuation is low when f < f
c

C.attenuation is high when f < f
c

D.either (b) or (c)
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Wavelength should be less than cutoff wavelengths.
Therefore frequency should be higher than cutoff frequency for minimum attenuation.

13. Assertion (A): The condition of minimum distortion in a transmission line is L = RC/G.
Reason (R): Line loading means addition of inductance to satisfy the condition L = RC/G.
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Oscillator circuits using vacuum tubes (triodes, pentodes) have the following limitations at
very high frequencies (microwave region).
The stray capacitances and inductances become important and affect the operation of the
circuit.
At low frequencies the transit time between cathode and anode is a small fraction of period of
oscillation.
However, at microwave frequencies this transit time becomes comparable to time period of
oscillations.

14. A magnetron has a cylindrical cathode surrounded by an anode structure having cavities
opening into interaction space by means of slots
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
band.
velocity.
the beam current.
It features are:

15. The correct sequence of parts in klystron amplifier are
A.anode, catcher cavity, cathode, buncher cavity
B. cathode, buncher cavity, catcher cavity, cavity
C.anode, buncher cavity, catcher cavity, cathode
D.cathode, catcher cavity, anode, buncher cavity
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Cathode is the first part and anode is the last.
16. A transmission line has Z
0
= 300 and Z
L
= (300 - j300) ohm. The transmission coefficient
is
A.1.265 - 18.43
B. 1.01 - 10
C.1.14 66.68
D.1.09 66.68
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Transmission coefficient = 1.265 - 18.43.

17. In a reflex klystron oscillator, repeller electrode is at
A.low positive potential
B. high positive potential
C.negative potential
D.zero potential
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

18. A quarter wave line short circuited at load end behaves as
A.an inductance
B. an inductance and capacitance in series
C.a capacitance
D.an inductance and capacitance in parallel
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
A quarter wave line short-circuited at far end behaves as a parallel tuned circuit.

19. A (75 - J50) ohm load is connected to a coaxial of Z
0
= 75 ohm at 10 GHz. The best method
of matching is to connect
A.an inductance at load
B. a short circuited stub at load
C.a short circuited stub at specific distance from load
D.a capacitance at specific distance from load
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
A short-circuited stub is a suitable method of matching.

20. The width of a radio beam from a 1 m diameter parabolic antenna at 1 GHz is about
A.100 B. 50
C.5 D. 2
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Beam width between nulls of a parabolic antenna
. Therefore 50 is the nearest value.
21. Which one of the following is transferred locking electron device C antenna?
A.BARITT diode
B. IMPATT diode
C.Gunn diode
D.Step recovery diode
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
ohms.

22. A magnetron requires an external magnetic field with flux lines parallel to axis of cathode
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
band.
velocity.
the beam current.
It features are:

23. When a line short circuited at far end, the minimum voltage occurs at
A.far end
B. source end
C.midway between source and far end
D.none of the above
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
When a line is short-circuited at far end, the voltage at far end is zero.

24. In a TWT the axial component of electric field advances along the tube
A.at a velocity that is almost equal to speed of light
B. at a velocity that is a small fraction of speed of light
C.at a velocity that is about 50% of speed of light
D.at a velocity that may be even more than speed of light
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
wave.
tube.

25. If other parameter are constant, transmission loss at 5 GHz as compared to that at 0.5 GHz is
A.20 dB more
B. 20 dB less
C.700 dB more
D.100 dB less
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
As frequency increases, transmission loss increases slightly.
26. For a circular wave guide
A.cutoff frequency for TE
10
and TE
01
modes are same
B. cutoff frequency for TE
10
and TE
01
modes are different
C.cutoff frequency for TE
10
mode = twice the cutoff frequency for TE
20
mode
D.cutoff frequency for TE
10
mode = haf the cutoff frequency for TE
20
mode
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
When a circular waveguide is rotated by 90, the configuration remain the same.

27. In the given figure the reflected voltage wave after first reflection is

A.18 V
B. -18 V
C.30 V
D.-30 V
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
.

28. Assertion (A): A half wavelength line can be used as a 1 : 1 transformer.
Reason (R): The input impedance of a half wavelength line is equal to load impedance.
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Since a half wavelength line has an input impedance equal to load impedance, the impedance
transformation ratio is 1:1.

29. The magnitudes of OC and SC input impedances of a transmission line an 100 and 25 .
The characteristic impedance is
A.25
B. 50
C.75
D.100
Answer: Option B
Explanation:

30. A loss less line is terminated in a circular lines are E lines
A.SWR = 0
B. SWE = 0
C.SWR is finite
D.SWR =
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
= finite number and VSWR = finite number.
31. Which of the following terminations makes the input impedance of a line equal to
characteristic impedance Z
0
?
A.line open circuited at far end
B. line terminated in Z
0

C.line short circuited at far end
D.line terminated in inductance
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
If Z
L
is load impedance and Z
0
is characteristic impedance.
Input impedance = . If Z
L
= Z
0
the input impedance = Z
0
.

32. In microwave system the function of mode filter is
A.to suppress modes with lower cut off frequencies
B. to suppress modes with higher cut off frequencies
C.to change mode of wave transmission
D.both (b) and (c)
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Mode filter suppress modes with lower cutoff frequencies.

33. For the strip line in the given figure the capacitance per unit length =

A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
frads/unit length.

34. The total field developed by an antenna array at a distant point is
A.phasor sum of fields produced by individual antennas of the array
B. algebraic sum of fields produced by individual antennas of the array
C.either (a) or (b) depending on type of array
D.neither (a) nor (b)
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Since field is a phasor quantity we have to take phasor sum.

35. High speed logic circuits use
A.pulses with very small width
B. pulses with very large width
C.pulses whose width is neither small nor large
D.either (b) or (c)
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
High speed means time period is small. Therefore pulses should also have small width.
36. To couple a coaxial line to a parallel wire line it is best to use
A.slotted line
B. balun
C.directional coupler
D./4 transformer
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
A balun gives 4 : 1 impedance transformation.

37. Assertion (A): A quarter wave transformer is used to match a resistive load to a transmission
line.
Reason (R): A quarter wave transformer is a transmission line of quarter wave length.
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
A line of length is called quarter wavelength line. Such a line is used for impedance
matching.
If

A quarter wave line can match a source impedance Z
in
with load impedance Z
L
by selecting a
proper value of Z
0
so as to satisfy equation.
Such a line is also called transformer.

38. Assertion (A): Magnetron is generally used in n mode.
Reason (R): Frequency for p mode can be easily separated from adjacent modes.
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
band.
velocity.
the beam current.
It features are:

39. A balun should have
A.low SWR at both ports
B. high SWR at both ports
C.high SWR at input port and low SWR at output port
D.low SWR at input port and high SWR at output
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Turn ratio is so selected as to give low SWR at both ports.

40. Assertion (A): The velocity factor of a line is the ratio of wave velocity on the line to speed
of light.
Reason (R): If the conductors of a line are immersed in a non magnetic insulating liquid, the
wave velocity increases.
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
R is wrong because wave velocity decreases.
41. In mode filter of the given figure which of the following modes is unaffected

A.TE
01

B. TE
10

C.TE
11

D.all TM
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
TE
01
mode is unaffected because its horizontally oriented electric field is every where
perpendicular to the conducting strips.

42. The directive gain of a transmitting antenna is
A.proportional to wavelength
B. inversely proportional to wavelength
C.proportional to square of wavelength
D.inversely proportional to square of wavelength
Answer: Option D
Explanation:

43. A duplexer is used to
A.couple two antennas to a transmitter
B. isolate the antenna from the local oscillator
C.prevent interference between two antennas connected to receiver
D.use an antenna for reception or transmission without interference
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Same antenna is used for transmission and reception.

44. A branched duplexer requires
A.TR tubes
B. ATR tube
C.both TR and ATR tube
D.none of the above
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
A branched duplexer funds use in narrow bandwidth applications.
TR tube stands for transmit-receive tube and ATR tube stands for antitransmit receive tube.
Both these tubes are used in branched duplexer.

45. In a backward wave oscillator the wave
A.travelling along the line winds itself back and forth
B. progresses only in forward direction
C.progresses only in backward direction
D.either (a) or (c)
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
band.
velocity.
the beam current.
It features are:
46. A coaxial line has L = 500 nH/m and C = 50 pF/m. The characteristic impedance is
A.500
B. 250
C.100
D.50
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
.

47. The main feature of a parametric amplifier is
A.low noise
B. very high gain
C.broad bandwidth
D.both (b) and (c)
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Since reactance does not contribute thermal noise to the circuit, it is a low noise device.

48. Assertion (A): PIN diode is commonly used for microwave control.
Reason (R): A PIN diode uses heavily doped p and n materials.
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
At high frequencies the rectification effect ceases and impedance of diode is effectively that
of i layer.

49. In a vacuum tube, the transit time of electron between cathode and anode is important at
A.low frequencies
B. high frequencies
C.both (a) and (b)
D.frequencies which are neither very low nor very high
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
At high frequencies transit time is large as compared to the period of microwave signal.

50.
Assertion (A): A line of length and short circuited at far end has an input impedance of
infinity.
Reason (R): A line of length and short circuited at far end behaves as a parallel resonant
circuit.
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
A parallel tuned circuit has an infinite impedance if R is zero.

1. A cavity resonator is
A. a hollow metallic enclosure
B. a hollow enclosure having magnetic material as its walls
C. a hollow enclosure having dielectric material as its walls
D. either (b) or (c)

2. If antenna diameter is increased four times, the maximum range is increased by a factor of
A. 2
B. 2
C. 4
D. 0.2
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Range of radar is proportional to antenna diameter.

3. Assertion (A): Gunn diode is a transferred electron device.
Reason (R): A Gunn oscillator uses the phenomenon of transferred electron effect.
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
ohms.
A Gunn diode oscillator has a resonant cavity, an arrangement to couple Gunn diode to cavity,
biasing arrangement for Gunn diode and arrangement to couple RF power to load.

4. Atomic and molecular resonance is observed in many substances
A. at microwave frequencies
B. at low frequencies
C. at frequencies used in AM broadcast
D. at both (b) and (c)
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Atomic and molecular distances are very small. Therefore resonance can occur only at
microwave frequencies.

5. The component in the given figure is

A. attenuator
B. T type low pass filter
C. T type high pass filter
D. phase shifter
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Z
01
provides series inductances and teflon filled low impedance line Z
02
provides shunt
capacitance.
6. The semiconductor diode which can be used in switching circuit in microwave range is
A. PIN diode
B. Varactor diode
C. Tunnel diode
D. Gunn diode
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
At high frequencies the rectification effect ceases and impedance of diode is effectively that of
i layer.

7. In the given figure the reflected current wave after first reflection is

A. 0.18 A
B. -0.18 A
C. 0.3 A
D. -0.3 A
Answer: Option B
Explanation:

8. A line has an attenuation of 0.054 Np/m. The attenuation in decibels is
A. 4.7 dB/m
B. 0.47 dB/m
C. 0.54 dB/m
D. 5.4 dB/m
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
0.054 x 8.68 = 0.47 dB/m.

9. If a line is open circuited Z
in
= Z
0
tanh (gl).
A. True B. False
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
The quantities required to be measured in microwave circuits are frequency, power and
impedance.
Microwave frequency measurement is done by slotted line, resonant cavities and transfer
oscillator.
Microwave power measurement uses bolometers and micromave power meters.
A self balancing bridge working on the principle of power substitution is commomly used.
Microwave impedance measurement is done by measurement of reflection coefficient and
VSWR.
A slotted line and probe is a basic tool for these measurements.' Network analyser enables
rapid impedance measurement over a broad frequency range.

10. A reflex klystron oscillator uses
A.one cavity resonator
B. two cavity resonators
C.three cavity resonators
D.none of the above
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
11. A coaxial RF cable has a characteristic impedance of 50 and C equal to 40 pF/m. The
inductance is
A.1 H/m
B. 10 H/m
C.0.1 H/m
D.0.01 H/m
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
.

12. In a microwave coaxial line, the maximum operating frequency is f
max
and breakdown
strength of dielectric is E
d
' Then maximum power handling capacity is proportional to
A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Power handling capacity (voltage)
2
and is inversely proportional to f
2
max.

13. To couple a coaxial line to a parallel wire line it is best to use
A.slotted line
B. balun
C.directional coupler
D./4 transformer
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
A balun gives 4 : 1 impedance transformation.

14. In a multicavity klystron amplifier the signal to be amplified develops an ac voltage of signal
frequency across the gap in buncher cavity
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
communication.

15. If VSWR is infinite, the transmission line is terminated in
A.short circuit
B. complex impedance
C.open circuit
D.either (a) or (c)
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
and . Since VSWR = , |r
v
| = 1. This can happen if Z
L
= 0 or
Z
L
= , i.e., line is o.c or s.c.

16. In a circular waveguide TE
21
mode has lowest cutoff frequency
A.True B. False
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Some applications require dual polarization capability. Circular waveguide has this
capability.
11
c
= 1.706 D for TE
11
mode
c
= 1.029 D for TE
21
mode
c
= 0.82 D for TE
01
mode
c
= 1.306 D for TM
01
mode.

17. The number of TV channels which can be accommodated in a spectrum of 300 MHz is about
A.5 B. 10
C.50 D. 200
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
A TV channel has a bandwidth about 5 MHz. Hence 300 MHz spectrum can accommodate
about 50 channels.

18. The noise figure of multicavity klystron amplifier is very low
A.True B. False
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
communication.

19. Assertion (A): The velocity of electromagnetic waves on overhead lines and coaxial cables
is the same.
Reason (R): Free space has an intrinsic impedance of 377 ohms.
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Velocity of em waves on caoxial cables is less than that on overhead lines.

20. In the given figure the E and H lines in a coaxial cable

A.The radial lines are E lines and circular lines are H lines
B. Radial lines are H lines and circular lines are E lines
C.The directions of E and H lines are wrong
D.Radial lines may be E and H lines depending an direction of current
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
H lines are concentric circles around conductor and E lines are radial.
21. Roughly the time required for microwave cooking as compared to conventional cooking is
A.about twice
B. about half
C.about 10 times
D.about one-tenth
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Time required for microwave cooking is much less than the time required for conventional
cooking.

22. If the minimum range of a radar is to be doubled, the peak power has to be increased by a
factor of
A.2 B. 4
C.8 D. 16
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Range = (power)
025
.

23. Which mode has the lowest cut off frequency in circular wave guides?
A.TE
01
B. TE
11

C.TE
20
D. TE
21

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
capability.
11
c
= 1.706 D for TE
11
mode
c
= 1.029 D for TE
21
mode
c
= 0.82 D for TE
01
mode
c
= 1.306 D for TM
01
mode.

24. Assertion (A): Klystron amplifiers use one or more intermediate cavities in addition to
buncher and catcher cavity.
Reason (R): When one or more intermediate cavities are used the bandwidth can be
increased.
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
communication.

25. A wave E
m
cos (bx - t) is a backward wave.
A.True B. False
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
It is a forward wave because as t increases, x increases.
26. A reflex klystron oscillator is a
A.low power device
B. high power device
C.high efficiency device
D.both (a) and (b)
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

27. Consider the following applications
1. TV tuning
2. Active filter
3. Microwave frequency multiplication
In which of above can a varactor diode be used?
A.1 2 and 3
B. l and 2 only
C.1 and 3 only
D.2 and 3 only
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Varactor diode is used in all the three applications.

1. Dissipative attenuator has a fixed value of attenuation.
2. Reflective attenuator has a fixed value of attenuation.
3. Both dissipative and reflective attenuators are available only with fixed attenuation.
4. Both dissipative and reflective attenuators are available with either fixed or variable
attenuation.
Which of the above are correct?
A.1 only
B. 1 and 2
C.1, 2 and 3
D.4 only
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Both dissipative and reflective attenuators are available with either fixed or variable
attenuation.

29. Impedance inversion may be obtained with
A.a short circuited stub
B. a quarter wave line
C.an open circuited stub
D.a half wave line
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Impedance inversion occurs when load impedance is not matched with characteristic
impedance of line.

30. Power gain of a multicavity klystron amplifier is
A.more than 30 dB
B. causes retardation of all electrons
C.causes acceleration of some electrons and retardation of others
D.none of the above
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
communication
31. If a short line is terminated in characteristic impedance it behaves as an infinite line.
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
In a line terminated by Z
0
, there are no reflections.

32. Ga As exhibits negative differential mobility
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
ohms.

1. Bunching of electrons occurs in two cavity klystron amplifier.
2. Bunching of electrons occurs in multi cavity klystron amplifier.
3. Bunching of electrons occurs in reflex cavity klystron amplifier.
A.1, 2, and only
B. 1, 2 and 3 only
C.1 and 3 only
D.2 and 3 only
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
communication.

34. Assertion (A): For high frequency lines inductive reactance is very high as compared to ac
resistance.
Reason (R): Due to skin effect ac resistance of line is higher than dc resistance.
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
X
L
= L. As frequency increases line resistance increases slightly but X
L
increases directly
as per frequency.

35. Consider the following applications
1. Switch
2. Attenuator
3. Phase shifter
4. Oscillator
In which of the above can a PIN diode be used?
A.1 2 3 and 4
B. 1 2 and 3 only
C.1 and 2 only
D.2, 3 and 4 only
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
PIN diode is not used in oscillators.
36. Which one of the following is not a negative resistance device?
A.Gunn diode
B. Tunnel diode
C.Impatt diode
D.Varactor diode
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Gunn diode, Tunnel diode and Impatt diodes are negative resistance devices.
The limitation of solid state devices at high frequencies include those associated with transit
time and junction capacitances.
The devices used are : Transferred electron oscillators (Gunn diode), Avalanche diode
oscillators (Impatt diode, Trapatt diode, Masters, Lasers, Tunnel diode, Varactor etc).

37. Microwave links are typically 50 km apart
A.because of atmospheric attenuation
B. because of output tube power limitation
C.because of earth's curvature
D.to ensure that applied dc voltage is not excessive
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Earth's curvature limits the distance between microwave links.

38. For matching over a range of frequencies in a transmission line it is best to use
A.a balun
B. a broad band directional coupler
C.double stub
D.a single stub of adjustable position
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Double stub is useful for matching over a range of frequencies.

39. Assertion (A): In the interaction region of magnetron an electron is subjected to three forces:
force due to electric field, force due to magnetic field and centrifugal force.
Reason (R): The mechanism of generation of microwaves, in a magnetron, involves
interaction of electromagnetic fields with electrons moving in static electric and magnetic
fields oriented at right angles to each other.
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
band.
velocity.
the beam current.
It features are:

40. Which of the following is wrong for a magic used to tee?
A.E and H arms are decoupled
B. coplanar arms are coupled
C.all ports are perfectly matched
D.A signal into coplanar arm splits equally between E and H arms
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Coplanar arms are decoupled.
41. The expression H
Z
= C cos(Bx) cos(Ay)yz is for
A.TE wave
B. TM waves
C.both TE and TM waves
D.some TE and some TM waves
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
In TM mode H
z
= 0.

42. Assertion (A): Impedance matching can be done by using stubs.
Reason (R): A double stub is used for impedance matching when frequency of signal varies.
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Hollow metallic enclosures exhibit resonance behaviour when excited by electromagnetic
field.
These enclosures are called cavity resonators.

43. Read the following statements about TWT
1. It uses thermionic emission.
2. It uses an attenuater.
3. It is inherently a resonant device.
4. It has broad bandwidth.
A.1, 2, 3 and 4
B. 1, 2 and 3
C.1, 3 and 4
D.1, 2 and 4
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
wave.
tube.

44. If a line having Z
0
= 300 0 W is short circuited at far end, VSWR is
A.0 B. 1
C. D. 2
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
If line is s.c |r
v
| = 1 and VSWR = .

45. A klystron amplifier generally uses Pierce gun
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
46. Assertion (A): PIN diode is used as a fast switch.
Reason (R): PIN diode has very high resistance when reverse biased and very low resistance
when forward biased.
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
At high frequencies the rectification effect ceases and impedance of diode is effectively that
of i layer.

47. A pulsed radar produces 1 sec pulses at a rate of 1000 per second. The duty cycle is
A.0.001 B. 0.01
C.0.1 D. 1
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
1 x 10
-6
x 1000 = 0.001.

48. Assertion (A): Impedance measurement at microwave frequencies is done by finding SWR.
Reason (R): SWR and reflection coefficient depend on the characteristic impedance and load
impedance.
Answer: Option B
Explanation:

49. When a line is loaded the characteristic impedance is equal to
A.(R + jL)(G + jC)
B.

C.

D.LC
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
or .

50. Which device has internal positive feedback?
A.Two cavity klystron amplifier
B. Multi-cavity klystron amplifier
C.Reflex klystron amplifier
D.All of the above
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
communication.
1. The domain mode in rectangular waveguide is
A.TE
01
B. TE
02

C.TE
10
D. TM
11

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
No answer description available for this question. Let us discuss.

2. The reverse voltage applied to a varactor diode
A. is less than avalanche breakdown voltage
B. is more than avalanche breakdown voltage
C. may be more or less than a avalanche breakdown voltage
D. is very high as compared to avalanche breakdown voltage
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
The action of varactor diode is due to the capacitance of depletion layer. The thickness of
depletion layer depends on the reverse bias which should not cause breakdown.

3. To ensure that only dominant mode TE
10
is allowed to propagate in an air filled rectangular
waveguide, the lower frequency limit and upper frequency limit are
A. about 25% above f
c
for TE
10
and 5% below f
c
for TE
20
mode respectively
B. about 50% above f
c
for TE
10
and 25% below f
c
for TE
20
mode respectively
C. about 25% above f
c
for TE
10
and 25% below f
c
for TE
20
mode respectively
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

4. The skin depth at 1000 MHz as compared to that at 500 MHz is
A. 2 B. 12
C. 0.707 D. 0.5
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
No answer description available for this question.

5. The transit time (in cycles) for electrons in repeller space of reflex klystron oscillator for
sustaining oscillations is (n is any integer)
A. 2(n - 1)
B. 2n - 1
C.

D.

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
No answer description available for this question
6. In a TWT the amplitude of resultant wave travelling down the helix remains constant
A. True B. False
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
The signal gets strengthened.

7. In the given figure forward current wave has a magnitude of

A. 0.45 A
B. 0.3 A
C. 0.2 A
D. 0.1 A
Answer: Option B
Explanation:

8. In an infinite line the input impedance at every point is equal to characteristic impedance.
A. True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

9. Consider the following time parameters
1. Domain growth time constant.
2. Transit time.
3. Dielectric relaxation time in positive mobility regime.
Which of the above are used in connection width transferred electron device?
A. 1, 2, and 3
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 2 and 3 only
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

10. PIN diode has
A.p
+
and n layers separated by i layer
B. p
+
and n
+
layers separated by i layer
C.p
-
and n
-
layers separated by i layer
D.none of the above
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
11. The two terms used to describe performance of a directional coupler are
A.coupling and directivity
B. gain and coupling
C.gain and directivity
D.gain and isolation
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

12. The number of PM radio channels which can be accommodated in a spectrum of 300 MHz is
about
A.10 B. 100
C.500 D. 1500
Answer: Option D
Explanation:

1. Gunn diode can be used in combinational logic circuits.
2. Gunn diode can be used in sequential logic circuits.
3. Both Gunn diode and GaAs Mesfet can be used in logic circuits.
A.1, 2, and 3
B. 1 and 2 only
C.2 and 3 only
D.1 and 3 only
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

14. In the given figure shows the equivalent circuit of a magic tee. If all ports are matched

A.n
E
= n
H
= 2
B. n
E
= n
H
= 0.707
C.n
E
= 2, n
H
= 0.707
D.n
H
= 0.707, n
H
= 2
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

15. Assertion (A): Microstrip is very commonly used in microwave integrated circuits.
Reason (R): Microstrip has an easy access to the top-surface so that active and passive
discrete components can be easily mounted.
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
A Microstrip line has a single dielectric substratc with ground plane on one side and a strip
on the other face.
Its special feature is easy access to top surface so that minor adjustments can be made after
circuit fabrication.
The high dielectric constant of the substrate reduces guide wavelength and circuit
dimensions.
A microstrip line is the most commomly used transmission structure for microwave
integrated circuits.
16. A 75 ohm line is first short terminated and minima locations are noted. Then the short is
replaced by resistive load and minima location are again noted. If minima location are not
altered and VSWR is 3, the value of resistive load is
A.25
B. 50
C.225
D.250
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
r
v
and VSWR .

17. The word 'LORAN' means
A.long range navigation
B. long range TV transmission
C.long range cable transmission
D.either (b) or (c)
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

18. In the given figure forward voltage wave has a magnitude

A.90 V
B. 60 V
C.30 V
D.10 V
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

19. The duty cycle of a radar transmitter is equal to
A.(PRF) (pulse width)
B. (PRF)/(pulse width)
C.(pulse width)/(PRF)
D.(pulse width) + (PRF)
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

20. In a klystron amplifier the bunching effect
A.converts velocity modulation into current modulation of beam
B. converts current modulation into velocity modulation of beam
C.both (c) and (b)
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
communication.
21. Out of modes TE
20
and TE
30
of propagation of electromagnetic engery
A.both have the same cutoff frequency
B. TE
20
has lower cut off frequency as compared to TE
30

C.TE
30
has lower cutoff frequency as compared to TE
20

D.either (a) or (c)
Answer: Option B
Explanation:

22. A TE
10
rectangular waveguide is to be designed for operation over 25-35 GHz and the band
centre is 1.5 times the cutoff frequency. The dimension of broadside is
A.15 mm
B. 10 mm
C.9 mm
D.7.5 mm
Answer: Option D
Explanation:

23. In a klystron amplifier the force on all electrons
A.causes acceleration of all electrons
B. causes retardation of all electrons
C.causes acceleration of some electrons and retardation of others
D.none of the above
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
communication.

24. If load impedance Z
L
>> Z
0
, then
A.Z
0
= Z
L
(VSWR)
B. Z
L
= Z
0
(VSWR)
C.Z
L
= Z
0
(VSWR - 1)
D.Z
L
= Z
0
VSWR
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
If Z
L
>> Z
0
, |r
v
| and VSWR . Therefore Z
L
= Z
0
(VSWR).

25. The inductance of a twin feeder used to connect antenna to TV receiver is about
A.0.2 H/m
B. 0.6 H/m
C.1.6 H/m
D.10 H/m
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
26. When resonant cavities are coupled together the result is
A.one resonant frequency
B. n resonant frequencies
C.
resonant frequencies
D.either (b) or (c)
Answer: Option B
Explanation:

27. For a rectangular waveguide having width a and height b, the cutoff wavelength for TM
11

mode is equal to
A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option B
Explanation:

28. The path length between ports 1 and 2 for the two waves in a hybrid ring is
A.1
B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
The quantities required to be measured in microwave circuits are frequency, power and
impedance.
Microwave frequency measurement is done by slotted line, resonant cavities and transfer
oscillator.
Microwave power measurement uses bolometers and microwave power meters.
A self balancing bridge working on the principle of power substitution is commonly used.
Microwave impedance measurement is done by measurement of reflection coefficient and
VSWR.
A slotted line and probe is a basic tool for these measurements.' Network analyser enables
rapid impedance measurement over a broad frequency range.

29. The radiation resistance of a circular loop of one turn is 0.01 ohm. For 5 turn loop the
radiation resistance is
A.0.002
B. 0.01
C.0.05
D.0.25
Answer: Option D
Explanation:

30. As wavelength decrease the size of high directivity antenna
A.decreases
B. increases
C.is not affected
D.either (b) or (c)
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
31. Which of the following modes of transmission will not be supported by a rectangular
waveguide?
A.TE
15
B. TE
12

C.TM
11
D. TM
10

Answer: Option D
Explanation:

32. In a circular waveguide with radius r, the dominant mode is
A.TM
01
B. TE
01

C.TM
11
D. TE
11

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
capability.
11
c
= 1.706 D for TE
11
mode
c
= 1.029 D for TE
21
mode
c
= 0.82 D for TE
01
mode
c
= 1.306 D for TM
01
mode.

33. If 'a' is the width of rectangular wave guide and '' is the wave length, then
A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option B
Explanation:

34. A parametric amplifier uses
A.non linear resistance
B. non linear reactance
C.either (a) or (b)
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
In a parametric amplifier the non-linear element is varactor diode or inductor.

35. Assertion (A): Impatt diode can be used in both amplifiers and oscillators.
Reason (R): Impatt diode has a low resistance.
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
+
- p - i - p
+
circuit.
Transit Time diode.
about 20%.
36. Which one of the following can be used for amplification of microwave energy?
A.TWT
B. Magnetron
C.Reflex klystron
D.Gunn diode
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

37. If Z
TE
is wave impedance for TE waves, E
d
is maximum dielectric strength of insulating
material, a and b are the width and height of a rectangular wave guide, the maximum power
handling capability P
max
for TE
10
mode is
A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option B
Explanation:

38. At frequencies of 10 MHz and higher the impedance represented by ground is primarity
A.resistive
B. inductive
C.capacitive
D.partly resistive and partly capacitive
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

39. A disadvantage of microstrip line as the connections of compared to strip line is that former
A.do not lend themselves to printed circuit
B. are more likely to radiate
C.are bulky
D.are more expensive and complex
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
No answer description available for this question..

40. As frequency increases, the transmission efficiency
A.decreases
B. increases
C.is not affected
D.either (a) or (c)
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
41. A circular polarizer converts a linearly polarized wave into a circularly polarised wave.
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

42. If D is diameter of circular waveguide the cutoff wave-length for TE
11
mode is equal to
A.1.706 D
B. 2.11 D
C.0.82 D
D.0.41 D
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
capability.
11
c
= 1.706 D for TE
11
mode
c
= 1.029 D for TE
21
mode
c
= 0.82 D for TE
01
mode
c
= 1.306 D for TM
01
mode.

43. The external magnetic field in a magnetron is such that lines are
A.parallel to the axis of cathode
B. perpendicular to the axis of cathode
C.inclined to the axis of cathode
D.either (b) or (c)
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
The operation of magnetron is based on interaction of electromagnetic fields with electrons
moving in static electric and magnetic fields oriented at 90 with respect to each other.
In a magnetron three forces act on electron viz. force due to electric field (equal to - eE),
force due to magnetic field [equal to - e (v x B)] and centrifugal force (equal to mv
2
/r).
The path of the electron can be found by balancing these three forces. Magnetron can be of
three types i.e., negative resistance device, cyclotron frequency device and travelling wave or
cavity device.
In negative resistance magnetron use is made of the negative resistance between two anode
segments.
It has low efficiency and is used at frequencies less than 0.5 GHz.
In cyclotron magnetron a synchronism exists between ac component of electric field and
periodic oscillation of electrons in a direction parallel to the field.
It is used for frequencies higher than 100 MHz.
A cavity magnetron has a number of cylindrical cavities in the interaction region.
The cavity magnetron is the most common type of magnetron. Its features are :
1. Frequency range - 500 MHz to 10 GHz
2. Power output - 250 kW (pulses)
3. Efficiency - about 50%
It is used in radar systems, industrial heating systems and microwave ovens.

44. Varactor diodes use
A.silicon
B. GaAs
C.either (a) or (b)
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

45. A circular waveguide carries TE
11
mode whole radial electric field is given by
E
r
= E
0
j
1
(r) sin V/m
where r is radial distance in cm from the axis
The cut off wavelength is
A.10 cm
B. 3 p cm
C.2 p cm
D.8 cm
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
46. Assertion (A): Impatt diode is an avalanche diode.
Reason (R): Avalanche breakdown phenomenon occurs when a p-n junction is reverse
biased.
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
+
- p - i - p
+
circuit.
Transit Time diode.
about 20%.

47. A radar has a maximum range of 120 km. The maximum allowable pulse repetition
frequency for unambiguous reception is
A.1250 B. 330
C.2500 D. 8330
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

48. In a line with finite attenuation
A.power transmission is least efficient when there are no standing waves on the line
B. power transmission is most efficient when there are no standing waves on line
C.Load power depends on phase constant
D.standing waves will always exist on the line
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
If standing waves are not there, whole of the power is absorbed by load.

49. In the given figure a short circuited transmission line resonator If n = 1, 2, 3...

A.
For series reasonance l = np and for parallel resonance
B.
For series resonance and for parallel resonance l = np
C.l = np for both series and parallel resonance
D.
for both series and parallel resonance
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

50. The electric field in a TWT due to applied signal
A.is directed along the helix axis
B. is directed radially from helix axis
C.is inclined to the helix axis by about 60
D.is inclined to the helix axis by about 45
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
wave.
tube.

1. In 8 cavity magnetron the p mode corresponds to a total phase shift equal to
A. 8 p radians around the periphery
B. 4 p radians around the periphery
C. 2 p radians around the periphery
D. 16 p radians around the periphery
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

2. Satellite communication systems use the frequency band
A. 10 to 20 MHz
B. 50 to 70 MHz
C. 3 to 6 GHz
D. 100 to 120 GHz
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

3. The characteristic impedance of a cable is about
A. 300
B. 50
C. 5
D. 2
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
No answer description available for this question..

4. The Q factor of a waveguide resonator is given by (
0
is resonant frequency, U is energy
storage and W
L
is the power loss)
A.

B.

C. Q =
0
UW
L

D.

Answer: Option A
Explanation:

5. A TR (transmitter receiver) tube has
A. low loss for low power signals and high
B. high loss for low power signals and low loss for high level signal
C. low loss for both low level and high level signals
D. high loss for both low level and high level signals
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
6. When duct propagation exists
A. the line of sight and diffraction. Zone concepts are payable
B. the line of sight and diffraction zone concepts are not applicable
C. line of sight concept is applicable but diffraction zone concept is applicable
D. diffraction zone concept is not applicable but line of sight concept is not applicable
Answer: Option B
Explanation:

7. For l << , the equivalent circuit of a microwave resistor is
A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option B
Explanation:

8. If
r
is relative permeability,
r
is relative permittivity, c is velocity of light f
c
is cutoff
frequency, phase velocity v
p
(i.e., speed with which a particular phase of the wave travels
down a rectangular waveguide at frequency f) is given by
A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option A
Explanation:

9.
If in line the characteristic impedance becomes real.
A. True B. False
Answer: Option A

10. In a microwave coaxial cable the inner conductor radius is a and inner radius of outside
conductor is b. For TE
11
mode the cut off wavelength is about
A.a + b
B. p(a + b)
C.pa
D.pb
Answer: Option B

11. In a magnetron the magnetic flux density is of the order of
A.1 mWb/s
B. 1 Wb/m
2

C.10
6
m/s
D.10
12
m/s
Answer: Option A

12. For a directional coupler the power is in the ratio of
A.40 dB
B. 30 dB
C.20 dB
D.10 dB
Answer: Option C

13. As regards rectangular and circular waveguides
A.both have infinite set of TE and TM modes
B. rectangular waveguide has infinite TE and TM modes but not the circular waveguide
C.circular waveguide has infinite TE and TM modes but not the rectangular waveguide
D.none of the above
Answer: Option A

14. In a high frequency coaxial line and the length of line characteristic impedance is a function
of
A.properties of insulating material only
B. inner and outer conductor radius only
C.both (a) and (b)
Answer: Option C

15.
Assertion (A): In TE
10
mode the cutoff frequency of rectangular waveguide is where a is
the broad dimension and c is velocity of light.
Reason (R): TE
10
mode is the dominant mode in rectangular waveguide.
Answer: Option B

16. The usable bandwidth of ridge wave guide
A.is lower than that of rectangular waveguide
B. is higher than that of rectangular waveguide
C.is almost same as that of rectangular waveguide
D.is very small as compared to that of rectangular waveguide
Answer: Option B

17. Assertion (A): In TE mode for rectangular waveguide.
Reason (R): In TM mode for rectangular waveguide.
Answer: Option B

18. The attenuation characteristics of a loaded line is similar to that of
A.low pass filter
B. high pass filter
C.band pass filter
D.band stop filter
Answer: Option D

19.
A microstrip line has
r
= 9. The normalised wavelength is about
A.10 B. 2
C.1 D. 0.4
Answer: Option D

20. If the repeller voltage in a klystron oscillator is increased the transit time of electron
A.will be increased
B. will be decreased
C.will remain the same
D.either (a) or (b)
Answer: Option C
21. In which of the following devices can the operation be visualised in terms of a series
feedback loops?
A.TWT
B. Reflex klystron
C.Klystron amplifier
D.Backward wave oscillator
Answer: Option D

22. The first and second subscripts in models of circular waveguides depict
A.
the number of full sine wave variations in circumference in direction and Bessel function
variations in radial direction respectively
B.
the Bessel function variations in radial direction and the number of full sine wave
variations in circumference direction respectively
C.
the Bessel function variations in circumference direction and number of full sine wave
D.none of the above
Answer: Option A

23. In which mode of circular waveguide does the attenuation continuously decrease as
frequency is increased?
A.TE
01
B. TE
11

C.TE
05
D. TE
21

Answer: Option A

24. In which mode of rectangular waveguide are all field components zero?
A.TM
00
B. TM
11

C.TM
01
D. TM
10

Answer: Option A

25. A microstrip line has dielectric having relative permittivity
r
. The effective dielectric
constant is
A.more than
r

B. equal to 1
C.less than
r

D.either a or b
Answer: Option C
21. In which of the following devices can the operation be visualised in terms of a series
feedback loops?
A.TWT
B. Reflex klystron
C.Klystron amplifier
D.Backward wave oscillator
Answer: Option D

22. The first and second subscripts in models of circular waveguides depict
A.
the number of full sine wave variations in circumference in direction and Bessel function
B.
the Bessel function variations in radial direction and the number of full sine wave
variations in circumference direction respectively
C.
the Bessel function variations in circumference direction and number of full sine wave
D.none of the above
Answer: Option A

23. In which mode of circular waveguide does the attenuation continuously decrease as
frequency is increased?
A.TE
01
B. TE
11

C.TE
05
D. TE
21

Answer: Option A
24. In which mode of rectangular waveguide are all field components zero?
A.TM
00
B. TM
11

C.TM
01
D. TM
10

Answer: Option A

25. A microstrip line has dielectric having relative permittivity
r
. The effective dielectric
constant is
A.more than
r

B. equal to 1
C.less than
r

D.either a or b
Answer: Option C
26. The rotation of direction of E field of a linearly polarized wave passing through a magnetised
ferric medium is called
A.Lorentz rotation
B. Faraday rotation
C.Steinmitz rotation
D.Fleming's rotation
Answer: Option B

27. If air pressure in a rectangular waveguide is increased the maximum power handling capacity
A.is decreased
B. is increased
C.remains the same
D.may increase or decrease depending on pressure
Answer: Option B

28. A directional coupler is used to determine
A.r
v

B. r
v
and VSWR
C.L and C
D.wave velocity
Answer: Option B

29. A square waveguide carries TE
11
mode whose axial magnetic field is given by H
z
= H
0

, where the guide dimensions are in cms. The cut off frequency of the mode is
A.5 GHz
B. 7.5 GHz
C.6.5 GHz
D.8 GHz
Answer: Option B

30. For air filled circular waveguides
A.the attenuation due to imperfect conducting walls is negligible
B. the attenuation due to imperfect dielectric is negligible
C.
both the attenuation i.e. due to imperfect conducting walls and due to imperfect dielectric
are significant
D.the total attenuation is almost zero
Answer: Option B
31. A short circuited stub is preferred to an open circuited stub because an open circuited stub
A.is more difficult to fabricate and construct
B. is made of transmission line of different Z
0

C.is liable to radiate
D.is incapable of giving full range of reactance
Answer: Option C

32. If the peak transmitted power in a radar is increased by a factor 81, the maximum range is
increased by a factor of
A.3 B. 9
C.27 D. 81
Answer: Option A

33. Radar is essentially an echo ranging system
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A

34. In Gunn diode electrons are transferred from
A.Ridge guide is essentially a form of capacitively loaded guide
B. low to high mobility energy bands
C.valley to domain formation
D.domain to valley formation
Answer: Option A

35. Consider the following statements about radar Beacon
1. It is also called transponder.
2. It includes pulse transmitter, receiver and antenna.
3. It replies with full power even when the signal receives is weak.
A.All
B. 1 and 2 only
C.2 and 3 only
D.2 only
Answer: Option A
36. Consider the following statements about instrument landing system of aircraft
1. It ensures correct landing under conditions of low visibility.
2. It consists of runaway localizer, glide path equipment and marker beacons.
3. It is basically a blind landing system.
Which of above statements are correct?
A.All
B. 1 and 2 only
C.1 and 3 only
D.2 only
Answer: Option A

37. Effect of loading of line is
A.increase in Z
0
, a and
B. increase in Z
0
and but decrease in a
C.decrease in Z
0
, a and
D.decrease in Z
0
and but increase in a
Answer: Option B

38. Which mode has the minimum cutoff frequency in rectangular wave guides?
A.TE
11
B. TE
10

C.TE
01
D. TE
20

Answer: Option B

39. As compared to dimensions of most feeds, the skin depth at microwave frequencies is
A.of the same magnitude
B. much larger
C.much smaller
D.either (b) or (c)
Answer: Option A

40. In microwave communication links the fading due to rain occurs. The methods to solve this
problem include
A.antenna replacement and feed correction
B. amplitude trimming and phase correction
C.polarization shifting and code diversity
D.path diversity and frequency diversity
Answer: Option D
41. A microwave connector should have high SWR.
A.True B. False
Answer: Option B

42. Assertion (A): A small section of high impedance line is equivalent to a series inductance.
Reason (R): A small section of a low impedance line is equivalent to a series resistance.
Answer: Option C

43. Assertion (A): Bolometer is frequently used in microwave power measurement.
Reason (R): In a bolometer the input microwave power causes a change in resistance.
Answer: Option B

44. The radiation resistance of a doublet antenna of length dl is proportional to
A. l
B. ( l)
2

C.( l)
3

D.( l)
05

Answer: Option B

45. Which of the following statements is not correct regarding modes of electromagnetic energy
transmission?
A.
In TE mode the direction of electric field is always and everywhere transverse to the
direction of propagation
B.
In TM mode the magnetic field pattern is always and everywhere transverse to the
direction of propagation
C.
The subscripts is TE and TM designations denote the number of half sine wave variations
of the field components in x and y directions respectively.
D.TM
11
is called the dominant mode.
Answer: Option D
46. Oscillations are obtained from a reflex klystron only for combinations of anode voltage and
repeller voltage that give a favourable transit time.
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A

47. In the given figure shows a 10dB directional coupler. If power input at port 1 is 100 mW,
power output at port 3 is

A.10 mW
B. 15 mW
C.20 mW
D.25 mW
Answer: Option A

48. The noise figure of klystron amplifier is about
A.25 dB
B. 3 dB
C.zero
D.1 dB
Answer: Option A

49. Which one of the following is true for EM wave propagation through rectangular waveguide
of cross-section 2a x a
A.critical wavelength for TE
10
mode is the same as that for TE
02
mode
B. critical wavelength for TE
10
mode is one half of that for TE
10
mode
C.critical wavelength for TE
10
mode is the same as that for TM
10
mode
D.critical wavelength for TE
10
mode is double that for TE
01
mode
Answer: Option C

50. In the given figure the line voltage after a number of reflections will be

A.30 V
B. -30 V
C.10 V
D.-10 V
Answer: Option C
1. Which one of the following is also called 'rat race'?
A.E plane tee
B. H plane tee
C.Magic tee
D.Hybrid ring
Answer: Option D

2. Radar principle is used in
A. detection of aircraft
B. burglar alarms
C. garage door openers
D. all of the above
Answer: Option D

3. In an optional fiber the refractive index of cladding material should be
A. nearly 1
B. very low
C. less than that of core
D. more than that of core
Answer: Option C

4. In microwave circuits, a mode transducer is used to
A. change mode of wave transmission
B. change direction of wave transmission
C. change polarization of wave transmission
D. change mode, direction or polarization wave transmission
Answer: Option D

5. A waveguide connected to a circularly polarized antenna must be able to efficiently propagate
both vertically and horizontally polarised waves.
A. True B. False
Answer: Option A
6. Which of the following is not used as a microwave mixer or detector?
A. PIN diode
B. Crystal diode
C. Schottky barrier diode
D. Backward diode
Answer: Option A

7. Integrated fin line can be utilized as a medium for constructing millimeter wave circuits.
A. True B. False
Answer: Option A

8. The secondary constants of a line are
A. Z
0

B. Z
0
and
C. Z
0
, and wave velocity
D. Z
0
, and L
Answer: Option B

9. In a loss less line the propagation constant is equal to
A. jLC
B. LC
C. jLC
D. LC
Answer: Option A

10.
A rectangular wave guide has two stubs each of length connected at the source end. The
stubs are circuited. Then the stubs present
A.an infinite impedance in shunt with line
B. an infinite impedance in series with line
C.a zero impedance in shunt with line
D.a finite impedance in shunt with line
Answer: Option A
11. Slotted line can be used for measurement of high frequencies
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A

12. In a waveguide the dielectric region is generally
A.air
B. magnetic material
C.brass
D.mica
Answer: Option A

13. In directional coupler of the given figure, the terms |S
14
| and |S
23
| of scattering matrix are
nearly

A.1 each
B. 0.5 each
C.0.1 each
D.1 and 0.5 respectively
Answer: Option A

14. A line is excited by a 100 V, 200 ohm source and is terminated by 100 resistance. If the
voltage on line reaches steady value in 80 ns, the natural resonant frequency is
A.100 MHz
B. 50 MHz
C.12.5 MHz
D.6.25 MHz
Answer: Option C

15.
A line of length slightly longer than and open circuited at far end behaves as
A.inductance L
B. capacitance C
C.L and C in series
D.L and C in parallel
Answer: Option A
16. The most commonly used magnetron is
A.cylindrical
B. parallel plate
C.inclined plate
D.flat plate
Answer: Option A

17. The effect of earth's magnetic field on radiowaves is minimum when
A.
the electric field lines of radio waves and flux line of earth's magnetic field are in the same
direction
B.
the electric field lines of radio waves and flux lines of earth's magnetic field are at right
angles
C.
the electric field lines of radiowaves and flux lines of earth's magnetic field oppose each
other
D.both (b) and (c)
Answer: Option A

18. A line of characteristic impedance Z
0
branches into two line each with characteristic
impedance Z
0
. The refracted voltage is
A.zero
B. infinite
C.equal to incident voltage
D.two third of incident voltage
Answer: Option D

19. The resistance values of a PIN diode under positive bias and negative bias respectively are
about
A.a few ohms and a kilo ohms
B. about 100 ohms and 1000 ohms
C.about 0.1 ohm and 100 ohms
D.about 1000 ohms and 10000 ohms
Answer: Option A

20. A PIN diode can be used
A.as a shunt mounted switch
B. as a series mounted switch
C.both as series or shunt mounted switch
D.non of the above
Answer: Option C
21. What is the numerical aperture an optical fiber when critical angle is 30?
A.0.5 B. 0.704
C.0.866 D. 0.2
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

22.
A line of length slightly less than and short circuited at far end behaves as
A.inductance L
B. capacitance C
C.L and C in series
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

23. In TE
10
mode of rectangular waveguide
A.there is one half sine wave variation along x direction and one along y direction
B. there is one half sine wave variation along y direction and one along x direction
C.there is one full sine wave variation along x direction and one along y direction
D.none of the above
Answer: Option A

24. Reflection from the object to be measured is significant only when the wavelength is
A.much bigger than the size of object
B. much smaller than the size of object
C.almost of the size of object
D.either (a) or (c)
Answer: Option B

25. The speed at which axial electric field due to signal advances in a TWT is equal to
A.speed of light
B. (speed of light) (helix pitch helix circumference)
C.(speed of light) (helix circumference helix pitch)
D.(speed of light) (helix pitch) (helix circumference)
Answer: Option B
26. To ensure that only dominant TE
10
mode propagates in a rectangular waveguide, the
operating frequency
A.must be more than cutoff frequency of TE
10
mode
B. must be less than cutoff frequency of TE
20
mode
C.
must be more than cutoff frequency of TE
10
mode and less than cutoff frequency of TE
20

mode
D.must be less than cutoff frequency of TE
10
mode
Answer: Option C

27. In a microwave power measurement using bolometer, the principle of working is variation of
A.inductance with absorption of power
B. resistance with absorption of power
C.capacitance with absorption of power
D.cavity dimension with heat generated by power
Answer: Option B

28. Z
0
= (Z
oc
Z
sc
)
0.5

A.True B. False
Answer: Option A

29. A microwave junction is matched at all ports if the S matrix
A.has all diagonal elements zero
B. has all diagonal elements equal but not zero
C.has all diagonal elements complex
D.is Hermitian
Answer: Option A

30.
Assertion (A): A line of length slightly more than and open circuited at far end is
equivalent to an inductive reactance.
Reason (R): A line of length slightly more than and short circuited at far end behaves as
a capacitive reactance.
Answer: Option B

31. TE
01
mode of propagation of electromagnetic energy
A.is merely the TE
10
mode rotated 90
B. is merely the TE
10
mode rotated 180
C.is the same as TE
10
mode
D.either (b) or (c)
Answer: Option A

32. Assertion (A): Slotted line is frequently used for microwave measurements.
Reason (R): The unknown impedance is mounted at the end of slotted line.
Answer: Option B

33. Fibers have numerical aperture (NA) in the range of 0.15 to 0.4 Fibers with higher NA value
would have
A.reduced losses
B. high bandwidth
C.reduced losses and low bandwidth
D.more losses and low bandwidth
Answer: Option D

34. The following components are used to measure power output of a 2 kW TWT amplifier
1. TWT
2. Low pass/High pass filter
3. Low power 20 dB attenuator
4. 40 dB directional coupler with matched load
5. Power meter.
The correct sequence of connections of these components is:
A.1, 4, 2, 3, 5
B. 1, 3, 4, 2, 5
C.1, 2, 4, 3, 5
D.1, 4, 3, 2, 5
Answer: Option B

35. Which part of radio spectrum is more crowded?
A.Lower frequency part
B. Higher frequency part
C.Both (a) and (b)
D.None of these
Answer: Option D
36. As compared to their values in free space
A.velocity of electric wave in dielectric is smaller but wave length of electric wave is more
B. both velocity and wave length of electric wave in dielectric are higher
C.both velocity and wave length of electric wave in dielectric are smaller
D.wave length of electric wave is less but velocity is more in dielectric
Answer: Option C

37. A 3 port circulator is in the given figure. Its scattering matrix is

A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option A

38. Characteristic impedance of a coaxial cable is inversely proportional to
r
.
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A

39. A rectangular waveguide has a discontinuity in the form of reduced narrow dimension. In the
equivalent circuit this discontinuity can be represented by
A.a shunt capacitance at the discontinuity
B. a shunt inductance at the discontinuity
C.a shunt resistance at the discontinuity
D.none of the above
Answer: Option A

40. Depth of penetration does not depend on frequency.
A.True B. False
Answer: Option B
41. Assertion (A): Inter-digitated geometry is widely used for microwave transistors.
Reason (R): Tuning at input and output of transistor uses MOS chip capacitors.
Answer: Option B

42. For a 1 cm x 2 cm air filled rectangular waveguide the maximum frequency should be less
than about
A.1000 MHz
B. 5000 MHz
C.14000 MHz
D.140000 MHz
Answer: Option C

43. Hollow waveguides are used as transmission lines at frequencies
A.above 1 GHz
B. above 5 GHz
C.above 10 MHz
D.above 1 MHz
Answer: Option B

44. If r
v
is reflection coefficient and VSWR is voltage standing wave ratio, then
A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option B

45.
In the given figure the equivalent circuit of a T attenuator. If the
condition for matched attenuator is

A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option A
46. The total power radiated from an antenna system is determined by imagining that the antenna
is at the centre of a very large
A.sphere B. rectangle
C.square D. ellipse
Answer: Option A

47. The AM, PM, and TV broadcast frequencies are
A.of the same order as microwave range
B. much lower than microwave range
C.much higher than microwave range
D.either (a) or (c)
Answer: Option B

48. Assertion (A): For a reciprocal microwave junction the S matrix is symmetrical.
Reason (R): In a symmetrical matrix S
ij
= S
ji
.
Answer: Option B

49. In TE mode of waveguide E
z
= 0
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A

50. The primary constants of a transmission line are
A.R and L
B. R, L and C
C.R and C
D.R, L, G and C
Answer: Option D
1. In terms of R, L, G and C the propagation constant of a transmission line is
A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option B

2. The p mode of operation of magnetron signifies that
A. the phase difference between adjacent anode poles is p radians
B. the phase difference between adjacent anode poles is a multiple of p radians
C. the total phase shift around the periphery is p radians
Answer: Option A

3. Consider the following statements (L is the length of array between centres of end antennas
and A is wave-length)
1. Width of major lobe between nulls of broad side array and end fire array are different.
2. Directive gain of broadside array and end fire array are different.
3. Directive gain of broadside array is 4
A. 1, 2 and 3
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 1 only
D. 1 and 3 only
Answer: Option D

4. The electrical requirement on wall thickness of rectangular wave guide is
A. wall thickness is more than skin depth
B. wall thickness is less than skin depth
C. wall thickness is equal to skin depth
Answer: Option A

5. If a microstrip is enclosed in a metal enclosure
A. the radiation losses are increased
B. the radiation losses are reduced RL
C. the capacitance becomes zero
D. the inductance becomes zero
Answer: Option B
6. In the given figure power meters at A and B indicate 1 mW and 110 W respectively. VSWR
of line is

A. 1.5 B. 2
C. 2.5 D. 3
Answer: Option B

7. As frequency is increased, the skin effect
A. increases
B. decreases
C. remains the same
Answer: Option A

8. In a rectangular waveguide there is one half wave variation of electric field across the narrow
dimension and two half wave variations of electric field across wider dimension. The
dominant mode is
A. TM
12
B. TE
13

C. TE
21
D. TM
25

Answer: Option C

9. VTM stands for voltage tunable magnetron.
A. True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
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10. Which of the following is used in integrated circuits?
A.Microstrip line
B. Coaxial line
C.Twin wire line
D.Shield cable
Answer: Option A
11. Which of the following is a balanced line?
A.Coaxial line
B. Strip line
C.Microstrip line
D.TV twin lead
Answer: Option D
Explanation:

12. A line of characteristic impedance 400 is terminated by a resistance of 400 . The
reflected quantities are
A.zero
B. equal to incident quantities
C.half the incident quantities
D.double the incident quantities
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

13. A magic tee is to be used as CW duplexer. Then port 1, port 2, port 3 (E arm), port 4 (H arm)
respectively should be connected to
A.matched load, antenna, receiver and CW transmitter
B. CW transmitter, antenna, receiver and matched load
C.CW transmitter, receiver, antenna and matched load
D.CW transmitter, matched load, receiver and antenna
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

14. Wave guides are pressurised above normal atmospheric pressure for
A.increasing the power handling capacity
B. improving conductivity of walls
C.preventing higher modes from propagation
D.varying the wave impedance
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

15. Assertion (A): In a power divider S
H
= 0, S
21
= 0.707 = S
3
,
Reason (R): In a power divider the input port (i.e., port 1) is matched and incident power is
equally divided in output ports 2 and 3
Answer: Option A
16. In microwave detector used in laboratory measurements of relative power levels, standing
wave ratio is about
A.0.1 B. 1.25
C.5 D. 10
Answer: Option B
Explanation:

17. Microwaves
A.get reflected by ionosphere
B. are absorbed by ionosphere
C.are neither reflected nor absorbed by ionosphere
D.are both reflected and absorbed by ionosphere
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

18. In microstrip line has dielectric material most commonly used is
A.silicon B. rubber
C.plastic D. bakelite
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

19. In fibre optics the use is made of thin glass fibres for efficient transmission of light.
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

20. Fields are said to be circularly polarized if
A.their magnitudes are equal
B. their magnitudes are equal and they differ in phase by 90
C.their magnitudes are unequal and they differ in phase 90
D.their magnitudes are unequal and they are in phase
Answer: Option B
21. Which mode is called dominant mode in rectangular wave guide?
A.TE
01
B. TE
11

C.TE
10
D. TE
20

Answer: Option C
Explanation:

22. In a TWT the loss in attenuator is
A.almost equal to forward gain of tube
B. much less than forward gain of tube
C.much higher than forward gain of tube
D.almost infinite
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

23. To study electromagnetic radiations from astronomical objects, radio astronomers use
A.low frequencies
B. medium frequencies
C.microwaves
D.either (a) or (b)
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

24. Radar reciever has high sensitivity and low noise figure
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

25. For a waveguide, which of the following statements is wrong?
A.It is usually made of brass or aluminium
B. It is usually rectangular or circular in shape
C.The dielectric region is usually air
D.The wall thickness is very small as compared to skin depth
Answer: Option D
26. A transmission line discontinuity is defined as any interruption in the uniformity of the line.
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

27. Interference generated by electrical equipment and automobile ignition systems when
observed closed to earth is
A.horizontally polarized
B. vertically polarized
C.polarized both horizontally
D.not polarized
Answer: Option B
Explanation:

28. The earliest uses of electromagnetic waves were
A.point to point communication
B. radar
C.both (a) and (b)
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

29. At millimeter wavelength the favoured mode in circular wave guide is
A.TE
01

B. TE
11

C.TE
20

D.TE
21

Answer: Option A
Explanation:

30. In laboratory experiment the output from reflex klystron is moderated by square wave
because
A.it is easy to generate a square wave
B. crystal diode operates in square law region of i-v characteristics
C.it prevents frequency modulation
D.detector circuit is less complicated
Answer: Option B
31. Klystron amplifier is not used to amplifier very weak microwave signals due to
A.low gain for weak signals
B. low noise for weak signals
C.high noise
D.both (a) and (b)
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

32. Which of the following modes in circular waveguides are circularly symmetric?
A.TE
01

B. TE
02

C.both (a) and (b)
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

33. Which of the following lines behaves as infinite line?
A.a line terminated in inductance
B. a line terminated in capacitance
C.a short line
D.a line terminated in z
0

Answer: Option D
Explanation:

34.
A rectangular waveguide has two stubs each length connected at the source end. The
stubs are short circuted. Then
A.the longitudinal current is power current and current in stubs is reactive
B. the longitudinal current is reactive current and current in stubs is power current
C.both power and reactive exists in both longitudinal direction and stubs
D.the current in stubs is zero
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

35. Performance of a PIN diode switch is represented by
A.insertion loss when switch is off
B. insertion loss when switch is on
C.insertion loss when switch is on and isolation loss when switch is off
D.insertion loss when switch is off and isolation loss when switch is on
Answer: Option C
36. A circular waveguide has an infinite set of TE and TM modes.
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

37. In TE and TM modes of rectangular waveguides having propagation in z direction
A.E
z
and H
z
are both zero
B. In TE mode E
z
is zero and in TM mode H
z
is zero
C.In TE mode H
z
is zero and in TM mode E
z
is zero
D.In both TE and TM modes both E
z
and H
z
are non-zero
Answer: Option B
Explanation:

38. Which of the following are true for magic tee in the given figure select the answer as per
given codes

1. S
13
= S
23

2. S
14
= S
24

3. S
12
= 0
4. S
34
= 0
A.1, 2 and 3
B. 1, 2 and 4
C.2, 3 and 4
D.1, 3 and 4
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

39. The manufacturing technique used to manufacture strip type transmission line is
A.photoetching technique
B. oxidation technique
C.cladding
D.epitaxial
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

40. An electromagnetic wave can be completely guided by a dielectric rod or slab.
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
41. Most electromagnetic transmission in rectangular wave-guide uses
A.TE
10
mode
B. TE
01
mode
C.TE
20
mode
D.TE
11
mode
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

42. Loading of a line means
A.increasing inductance of line
B. increasing distributed inductance of line
C.decreasing distributed inductance of line
D.decreasing inductance of line
Answer: Option B
Explanation:

43. The frequency of oscillations obtained from a reflex klystron depends mainly on
A.resonant frequency of cavity
B. repeller voltage
C.voltage of focussing electrode
D.characteristics of cathode
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

44. The main advantage of TWT over klystron is
A.higher bandwidth
B. higher gain
C.higher frequency
D.higher output
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

45. In a TWT the phase velocity of the axial component of the field on the slow wave structure is
kept
A.equal to velocity of electron
B. slightly less than velocity of electron
C.slightly more than velocity of electron
D.equal to velocity of light in free space
Answer: Option A
46. Assertion (A): Two equal and opposite travelling waves result in a standing wave.
Reason (R): The ratio of maximum to minimum value of a standing wave is called SWR.
Answer: Option B
Explanation:

47. When a wave reaches an open circuit
A.the voltage at termination is doubled the incident voltage
B. the current at termination is doubled the incident voltage
C.the voltage at termination is zero
D.both V and I at termination are doubled the incident voltage and current
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

48. Assertion (A): In circular waveguide the attenuation of TE
01
mode decreases as the
operating frequency increases.
Reason (R): The wall currents in a circular waveguide in TE
Q1
mode are completely
circumferential.
Answer: Option B
Explanation:

1. Usable bandwidth of ridge wave guide is more than that of rectangular waveguide.
2. For a given value of TM
10
cutoff frequency the cross section of ridge wave guide is
lesser that that of rect angular waveguide.
3. Ridge wave guide has higher conductor losser than a rectangular waveguide.
4. Ridge guide has higher conductor losser than a rectangular waveguide.
A.1 and 2 only
B. 1, 2 and 3 only
C.2 and 3 only
D.All
Answer: Option B
Explanation:

50. Directive gain of elementary doublet is
A.100 B. 10
C.1.5 D. 0.5
Answer: Option C
1. Consider the following statements, SWR of a transmission line is infinite when the load is
1. a short circuit
2. a complex impedance
3. an open circuit
4. a pure reactance
A.1 and 3 only
B. 1, 2, 3
C.2, 3, 4
D.1, 2, 4
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

2. In a reflex klystron the output frequency is determined primarily by resonant frequency of
cavity.
A. True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

3. The arrangement in the given figure is a hybid T. If 100 mW fed at port 1, the power reflected
back at port 1 is

A. 0
B. 25 mW
C. 50 mW
D. 100 mW
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

4. In TE
10
mode the largest electric field in a rectangular wave guide, occurs
A. along centre line of broad wall (i.e. x = a/2)
B. along the broad wall (i.e. x = 0 and x = a)
C. either (a) or (b)
D. neither (a) nor (b)
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

5. Which modes of circular wave guides have circular symmetry?
A. TE
11

B. TE
11
and TE
21

C. TE
01

D. TE
01
and TM
01

Answer: Option D
6. In rectangular waveguides the ratio of width to height is about
A. 0.5 B. 1
C. 2 D. 4
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

7. If wavelength in free space is
0
wavelength in insulator ,
r
is relative permittivity or
insulator and
r
is relative permittivity or insulator, then
A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option B
Explanation:

8. In the given figure the circuits for input impedance of a microwave device with output ports
match terminated. The device is

A. E plane tee
B. H plane tee
C. magic tee
D. hybrid ring
Answer: Option D
Explanation:

9. Which of these statements is correct?
A. Ridge guide is essentially a form of capacitively loaded guide.
B. Ridge guide is essentially a form of inductively loaded guide.
C. Ridge guide is essentially a form of resistively loaded guide.
D. Ridge guide has higher power handling capacity than rectangular waveguide.
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

10. A rectangular waveguide has width a. Then at the cutoff frequency (with corresponding wave
length
c
)
A.

B. a =
c

C.

D.a = 2
c

Answer: Option A
11. In a rectangular waveguide cutoff wavelength for TE
10
mode is 8 cm. Then cutoff wavelength
for TE
20
mode is
A.8 cm
B. 6 cm
C.4 cm
D.2 cm
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

12. In a coaxial line
A.the characteristic impedance is less than that of two wire line
B. the wave velocity is less than that of two wire line
C.both (a) and (b)
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

13. If a and b are the width and height of rectangular wave-guide the cut off wavelength
c
for
TE
20
mode is equal to
A.a
B. a + b
C.a - b
D.a
2
+ b
2

Answer: Option A
Explanation:

14. A TEM wave is incident normally on a perfect conductor. The E and H fields at boundary
will respectively be
A.minimum and maximum
B. minimum and minimum
C.maximum and minimum
D.maximum and maximum
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

15. The scattering matrix of magic tee is
A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option A
16. Frequency range for satellite communication is
A.1 kHz to 100 kHz
B. 100 kHz to 10 MHz
C.10 MHz to 100 MHz
D.1 GHz to 30 GHz
Answer: Option D
Explanation:

17. For a given operating frequency a waveguide has more power handling capacity than a
coaxial line.
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

18. VSWR = E
max
/E
min
.
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

19. Power monitor and reflectometer use the principle of
A.directional coupler
B. klystron amplifier
C.Gunn diode
D.TWT
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

20.
A line slightly longer than length and short circuited at far end behaves as
A.an inductance
B. a capacitance
C.L and C in series
Answer: Option B
21. Compared to coaxial lines, the advantages of wave guides are
A.higher power handling capacity
B. lower loss per unit length
C.cheaper and simple mechanical structure
D.all of the above
Answer: Option D
Explanation:

22. Standard mismatches are used to calibrate SWR and impedance measuring equipments.
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

23. As compared to LED, LASER has
1. higher emission efficiency
2. no tuning arrangement
3. narrow spectral width
4. provision for confinement
Of these statements
A.1, 2, 3 are correct
B. 1, 2, 4 are correct
C.1 and 3 are correct
D.1, 3, 4 are correct
Answer: Option D
Explanation:

24. Microwaves are used for
A.telephony
B. radio broadcast
C.TV systems
D.all of the above
Answer: Option D
Explanation:

25. In a shield helix
A.the spacing between adjacent turns is very large
B. the spacing between adjacent turns approaches zero
C.the spacing between adjacent turns approaches zero and wire thickness approaches zero
D.the spacing between adjacent turns is very large wire thickness approaches zero
Answer: Option C
26. Consider the following statements about hybrid ring
1. Ports 1 and 2 are decoupled.
2. Port 3 and 4 are coupled.
3. A signal entering either port 1 or 2 splits equally between ports 3 and 4.
4. A signal entering either port 3 or 4 splits equally between ports 1 and 2.
A.1, 2, 3 and 4
B. 1, 3 and 4
C.1 and 2
D.2, 3 and 4
Answer: Option B
Explanation:

27. TM
01
mode in circular waveguide is analogous to
A.TM
10
mode in square waveguide
B. TM
11
C.TM
20
D.TM
02
Answer: Option B
Explanation:

28. In microwave system, waveguide twists
A.change the plane of polarization of a propagating wave
B. change the direction of a propagating wave
C.change the mode of a propagating wave
D.both (b) and (c)
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

29. Guide wavelength (
g
), cutoff wavelength (
c
) and free space wavelength (
0
) of a waveguide
are related as
A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option A
Explanation:

30. A 'rat race' is a
A.hybrid junction for microwaves
B. a microwave oscillator
C.a microwave amplifier
D.a microwave antenna
Answer: Option A
31. A directional coupler is used
A.to transmit microwave signals
B. to generate microwave signals
C.to measure amplitude and phase of a travelling wave
D.both (a) and (b)
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

32. Assertion (A): In rectangular waveguide TE
01
mode is just TE
10
mode rotated by 90.
Reason (R): When a rectangular waveguide is rotated by 90, the broad and narrow
dimensions get interchanged.
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

33. Consider the following statements about a magic tee
1. The collinear arms are isolated from each other.
2. On of the collinear arms is isolated from E arm.
3. On of the collinear arms is isolated from H arm.
4. E and H arms are isolated from each other.
Of the above statements
A.1 and 2 are correct
B. 1 and 3 are correct
C.1 and 4 are correct
D.2 and 3 are correct
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

34. Assertion (A): Hollow waveguides are frequently used as transmission lines at microwave
frequencies.
Reason (R): Waveguide has high power handling capacity, low loss and simple structure.
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

35. In p mode of operation of magnetron the spikes due to phase focussing effect rotate at an
angular velocity corresponding to
A.one pole/cycle
B. two pole/cycle
C.four pole/cycle
D.six pole/cycle
Answer: Option B
36. Dielectric constant and conductivity of rocky soil and flat sandy soil are around
A.10 and 20 mho/cm respectively
B. 20 and 10 mho/cm respectively
C.2 and 5 mho/cm respectively
D.0.5 and 2 mho/cm respectively
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

37. The main advantage of using micro waves for communications is
A.large bandwidth
B. small bandwidth
C.low power
D.high power
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

38.
A line of length less than and open circuited at far end behaves as
A.inductance L
B. capacitance C
C.L and C in series
Answer: Option B
Explanation:

39. The beam of a radar should be
A.very narrow
B. very wide
C.neither too narrow nor very wide
D.either (b) or (c)
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

40. TE
10
mode of propagation of electromagnetic energy in waveguides can be thought of as
A.three TEM waves travelling along length of wave-guide
B.
One TEM wave travelling along length of wave guide and one TEM wave propagation in
the transverse plane
C.One TEM wave travelling along the length of wave guide and two TEM waves
D.none of the above
Answer: Option C
41. Ridge waveguide is essentially a form of capacitively loaded guide.
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

42. In a rectangular waveguide
A.the broad width is generally labelled 'a' and height 'b'
B. the broad width is generally labelled 'b' and height 'a'
C.any one of the dimensions may be labelled 'a' and the other 'b'
D.the length is labelled as 'a'
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

43. Which of the following modes cannot exist in rectangular resonant cavity?
A.TE
110
B. TE
011

C.TM
110
D. TM
111

Answer: Option A
Explanation:

44. In a Gunn diode oscillator drift velocity of electron is 10
7
cm/s and active region length is 10
x 10
-4
cm. The natural frequency of oscillation is
A.1 MHz
B. 10 MHz
C.1 GHz
D.10 GHz
Answer: Option D
Explanation:

45. Assertion (A): An artificial transmission line can be used as a pulse generator.
Reason (R): A pulse function is used very frequently in network analysis.
Answer: Option B
46. A waveguide twist is used to change the plane of polarization.
A.True B. False
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

47. Consider the following statements about directional coupler shown in the figure

1. Ports 1 and 2 are decouple
2. Ports 3 and 4 are decoupled
3. Pots 1 and 3 are decoupled
4. Ports 1 and 4 are decoupled
A.1 and 2 only
B. 3 and 4 only
C.1, 2 and 3
D.2, 3 and 4
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

48. In a multicavity klystron amplifier the electron velocity of the order of
A.10 m/s
B. 10
3
m/s
C.10
6
m/s
D.10
12
m/s
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

49. At a frequency equal to cutoff frequency in a rectangular wave guide
A.the flow of electromagnetic energy is zero
B. the flow of electromagnetic energy is infinite
C.the flow of electromagnetic energy is 50% of maximum
D.the flow of electromagnetic energy is 10% of maximum
Answer: Option B
Explanation:

50. Two identical hybrid tees are joined as shown in the given figure. If 16 mW power is fed into
port 1, the power output at ports 2 , 3, 1', 2', 3' respectively is

A.8, 4, 2, 2, 0 mW
B. 0, 8, 4, 4, 0 mW
C.0, 8, 2, 2, mW
D.8, 2, 4, 2, 0 mW
Answer: Option B
51. In a microwave resistor the wall thickness is made as small as possible to
A.have high value of R
B. have low value of R
C.minimize capacitive effect
D.reduce inductance
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

52. In a klystron amplifier the transit time of electron passing the gap in the cavity should be
A.less than one cycle
B. less than half cycle
C.less than quarter cycle
D.more than quarter cycle
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

53. In a cable with
r
= 4, the wave velocity is
A.3 x 10
8
m/s
B. 0.75 x 10
8
m/s
C.1.5 x 10
8
m/s
D.10
8
m/s
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

54. In a backward wave oscillator the efficiency
A.is much higher than in TWT
B. is much lower than in TWT
C.is almost the same as in TWT
D.either (a) or (b)
Answer: Option C
Explanation:

1. Fading of signals is generally greatest near radio horizon.
2. Fading of signals is generally greatest in shadow zone.
3. Fading is small when a good optical path is present.
A.1, 2 and 3
B. 1 and 2 only
C.1 and 3 only
D.2 and 3 only
Answer: Option A
56. The use of coaxial microwave line should be restricted to frequencies
A.below cut off frequency of TE
11
mode
B. above cut off frequency of TE
11
mode
C.at frequencies much lower than cut off frequency of TE
11
mode
D.at frequencies much higher than cut off frequency of TE
11
mode
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

57. Generally the wall thickness of rectangular waveguide is
A.about 1-5 mils
B. about 40-100 mils
C.about 0.1 to 0.5 mils
D.about 500 mils
Answer: Option B
Explanation:

58. If Q
L
is loaded Q, Q
E
is external Q and Q
U
is unloaded Q of a microwave resonator, then
A.

B.

C.

D.Q
L
= Q
E
+ Q
U

Answer: Option A

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The velocity factor of a transmission line depends on

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