ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY

once a day / week ... una vez al da / a la semana ...

twice a day / week ... dos veces al da / a la semana ...
three times a day / week ... tres veces al da / a la semana ...
daily diariamente
weekly semanalmente
monthly mensualmente
yearly, annually anualmente
every day todos los das
every week todas las semanas
every month todos los meses
every year todos los aos
every other day da por medio
on Mondays los lunes
on weekdays los das de semana
on weekends los fines de semana
always siempre
almost always casi siempre
usually, regularly normalmente
often, frequently frecuentemente
sometimes a veces
almost never, hardly ever casi nunca
seldom, rarely raras veces
never nunca
constantly constantemente
continuously continuamente
again and again una y otra vez
every now and then de vez en cuando
from time to time de tanto en tanto

DAILY ACTIVITIES
to wake up despertarse
to get up Levantarse
to go to the bathroom ir al bao
to have a shower Ducharse
to have a bath baarse
to wash one's face lavarse la cara
to brush one's teeth cepillarse los dientes
to brush one's hair cepillarse el cabello
to comb one's hair peinarse
to have breakfast desayunar
to read the paper leer el peridico
to listen to the radio escuchar la radio
to watch TV mirar televisin
to go to work ir a trabajar
to go to school ir a la escuela
to study estudiar
to read a book leer un libro
to use the computer usar la computadora
to play with the computer jugar con la computadora
to chat charlar
to send an email enviar un email
to phone a friend llamar a un amigo por telfono
to cook cocinar
to make dinner preparar la cena
to have dinner cenar
to set/lay the table poner la mesa
to clear the table levantar la mesa
to do the dishes lavar los platos
to go to bed ir a la cama
to sleep dormir
to dream soar

FREE TIME ACTIVITIES
to dance bailar
to draw dibujar
to chat charlar
to cook cocinar
to drive conducir
to hike dar una caminata
to listen to music escuchar msica
to phone a friend llamar a un amigo por telfono
to play basketball jugar al basketball
to play billiards jugar al billar
to play bowling jugar a los bolos
to play chess jugar al ajedrez
to play football jugar al ftbol
to play hockey jugar al hockey
to play the drums tocar la batera
to play the guitar tocar la guitarra
to play the piano tocar el piano
to play tennis jugar al tenis
to play with the computer jugar con la computadora
to read leer
to relax relajarse
to rent a video alquilar un vdeo
to ride a horse andar a caballo, cabalgar
to ride a bike andar en bicicleta
to ride a motorbike andar en motocicleta
to sing cantar
to skate patinar
to ski esquiar
to sleep dormir
to watch a film mirar una pelcula
to watch TV mirar televisin
to go camping ir de campamento
to go climbing ir a escalar
to go dancing ir a bailar
to go fishing ir de pesca
to go hunting ir de caza
to go on a picnic ir de picnic
to go to a disco ir a una disco
to go ice skating ir a patinar sobre hielo
to go shopping ir de compras
to go skating ir a patinar
to go swimming ir a nadar
to go walking ir a caminar


ADVERBS OF TIME
yesterday ayer
yesterday morning ayer a la maana
yesterday at noon ayer al medioda
yesterday afternoon ayer a la tarde
yesterday evening ayer a la noche
last night anoche
today hoy
this morning esta maana
at noon al medioda
this afternoon esta tarde
this evening esta noche
tonight esta noche
tomorrow maana
tomorrow morning maana a la maana
tomorrow at noon maana al medioda
tomorrow afternoon maana a la tarde
tomorrow evening maana a la noche
tomorrow night maana a la noche
the day before yesterday anteayer
the day after tomorrow pasado maana
last Sunday el domingo pasado
this Sunday este domingo
next Sunday el domingo prximo
last week la semana pasada
this week esta semana
next week la semana prxima
last month el mes pasado
this month este mes
next month el mes prximo
last year el ao pasado
this year este ao
next year el ao prximo
in two week's time dentro de dos semanas
in two month's time dentro de dos meses
in two year's time dentro de dos aos
on Monday / Tuesday... el lunes / martes ...
in January / February ... en enero / febrero ...
every day / month / year todos los das / meses / aos
the other day el otro da
all day long todo el da
now ahora
early temprano
late tarde
later / afterwards ms tarde
recently recientemente
soon pronto
suddenly de pronto

LIST OF VERBS (Basic)

Infinitive Simple Past Past Participle Spanish
answer answered answered responder
arrive arrived arrived llegar
ask asked asked preguntar
be i was / were been ser
borrow borrowed borrowed tomar prestado
break i broke broken romper
buy i bought bought comprar
catch i caught caught atrapar
clean cleaned cleaned limpiar
climb climbed climbed escalar
collect collected collected colleccionar
come i came come venir
compose composed composed componer
cook cooked cooked cocinar
cut i cut cut cortar
dance danced danced bailar
describe described described describir
discover discovered discovered descubrir
do i did done hacer
drink i drank drunk beber
drive i drove driven conducir
eat i ate eaten comer
enjoy enjoyed enjoyed disfrutar
fall i fell fallen caer
feel i felt felt sentir
find i found found encontrar
fly i flew flown volar
forget i forgot forgotten olvidar
give i gave given dar
go i went gone ir
happen happened happened suceder
have i had had tener
help helped helped ayudar
hurt i hurt hurt herir, doler
invent invented invented inventar
invite invited invited invitar
kill killed killed matar
know i knew known saber
lend i lent lent prestar
leave i left left dejar
lie i lay lain yacer
like liked liked gustar
live lived lived vivir
look looked looked mirar
love loved loved amar
make i made made hacer
meet i met met conocer, encontrar
miss missed missed perder, extraar
open opened opened abrir
pack packed packed empacar
pay i paid paid pagar
phone phoned phoned llamar por telfono
play played played jugar
prefer preferred preferred preferir
prepare prepared prepared preparar
push pushed pushed empujar
put i put put poner
rain rained rained llover
read i read read leer
remember remembered remembered recordar
rent rented rented alquilar
rescue rescued rescued rescatar
return returned returned volver, devolver
ring i rang rung llamar por telfono
save saved saved ahorrar
say i said said decir
search searched searched buscar
see i saw seen ver
sell i sold sold vender
sit i sat sat sentarse
skate skated skated patinar
ski skied skied esquiar
sleep i slept slept dormir
smell smelled smelled oler
speak i spoke spoken hablar
spend i spent spent gastar
start started started comenzar
stay stayed stayed quedarse
stop stopped stopped detener
study studied studied estudiar
survive survived survived sobrevivir
swim i swam swum nadar
take i took taken tomar
talk talked talked hablar
teach i taught taught ensear
tell i told told decir
think i thought thought pensar
throw i threw thrown lanzar
touch touched touched tocar
try tried tried intentar
understand i understood understood entender
use used used usar
visit visited visited visitar
wait waited waited esperar
walk walked walked caminar
want wanted wanted querer
wash washed washed lavar
watch watched watched mirar
wear i wore worn llevar puesto
work worked worked trabajar
write i wrote written escribir


LIST OF VERBS (Advanced)
Infinitive Simple Past Past Participle Spanish
add added added agregar
answer answered answered responder
apologize apologized apologized disculparse
arrest arrested arrested arrestar
arrive arrived arrived llegar
ask asked asked preguntar
attack attacked attacked atacar
be i was / were been ser
become i became become convertirse
begin i began begun comenzar
believe believed believed creer
boil boiled boiled hervir
book booked booked reservar
borrow borrowed borrowed tomar prestado
break i broke broken romper
bring i brought brought traer
build i built built construir
buy i bought bought comprar
catch i caught caught atrapar
carry carried carried llevar
change changed changed cambiar
chop chopped chopped picar
clean cleaned cleaned limpiar
climb climbed climbed escalar
collect collected collected colleccionar
come i came come venir
compose composed composed componer
cook cooked cooked cocinar
copy copied copied copiar
cut i cut cut cortar
dance danced danced bailar
describe described described describir
destroy destroyed destroyed destruir
die died died morir
discover discovered discovered descubrir
discuss discussed discussed discutir
do i did done hacer
draw i drew drawn dibujar
dream i dreamt/dreamed dreamt/dreamed soar
drink i drank drunk beber
drive i drove driven conducir
dye dyed dyed teir
eat i ate eaten comer
enjoy enjoyed enjoyed disfrutar
explode exploded exploded explotar
extinguish extinguished extinguished extinguirse
fall i fell fallen caer
feed i fed fed alimentar
feel i felt felt sentir
fight i fought fought pelear
find i found found encontrar
fly i flew flown volar
forget i forgot forgotten olvidar
freeze i froze frozen congelar
fry fried fried frer
give i gave given dar
go i went gone ir
grow i grew grown crecer
happen happened happened suceder
hate hated hated odiar
have i had had tener
hear i heard heard or
help helped helped ayudar
hire hired hired alquilar
hope hoped hoped esperar
hunt hunted hunted cazar
hurt i hurt hurt herir, doler
imagine imagined imagined imaginar
invent invented invented inventar
invite invited invited invitar
jump jumped jumped saltar
keep i kept kept guardar
kill killed killed matar
know i knew known saber
leave i left left dejar
lend i lent lent prestar
lie i lay lain yacer
lie lied lied mentir
lift lifted lifted levantar
like liked liked gustar
listen listened listened escuchar
live lived lived vivir
look looked looked mirar
lose i lost lost perder
love loved loved amar
make i made made hacer
meet i met met conocer, encontrar
miss missed missed perder, extraar
offer offered offered ofrecer
open opened opened abrir
pack packed packed empacar
pass passed passed pasar, aprobar
pay i paid paid pagar
peel peeled peeled pelar
phone phoned phoned llamar por telfono
plan planned planned planificar
play played played jugar
pour poured poured verter
prefer preferred preferred preferir
prepare prepared prepared preparar
push pushed pushed empujar
put i put put poner
rain rained rained llover
read i read read leer
reduce reduced reduced reducir
remember remembered remembered recordar
rent rented rented alquilar
rescue rescued rescued rescatar
return returned returned volver, devolver
ring i rang rung llamar por telfono
run i ran run correr
save saved saved ahorrar
say i said said decir
search searched searched buscar
send i sent sent enviar
scream screamed screamed gritar
see i saw seen ver
sell i sold sold vender
shine i shone shone brillar
shoot i shot shot disparar
shut i shut shut cerrar
sing i sang sung cantar
sit i sat sat sentarse
skate skated skated patinar
ski skied skied esquiar
sleep i slept slept dormir
smell smelled smelled oler
snore snored snored roncar
speak i spoke spoken hablar
spend i spent spent gastar
start started started comenzar
stay stayed stayed quedarse
steal i stole stolen robar
stop stopped stopped detener
study studied studied estudiar
survive survived survived sobrevivir
swim i swam swum nadar
take i took taken tomar
talk talked talked hablar
teach i taught taught ensear
tell i told told decir
thank thanked thanked agradecer
think i thought thought pensar
throw i threw thrown lanzar
touch touched touched tocar
try tried tried intentar
use used used usar
understand i understood understood entender
visit visited visited visitar
wait waited waited esperar
walk walked walked caminar
want wanted wanted querer
warn warned warned advertir
wash washed washed lavar
watch watched watched mirar
wear i wore worn llevar puesto
win i won won ganar
work worked worked trabajar
write i wrote written escribir


Lista de gerundios
INFINITIVO GERUNDIO
PASADO
SIMPLE
PARTICIPIO
PASADO
ESPAOL
amaze amazing amazed amazed asombrar
answer answering answered answered contestar
appear appearing appeared appeared aparecer
arrive arriving arrived arrived llegar (usar con at, in)
ask asking asked asked preguntar, pedir
be being was/were been ser, estar
become becoming became become llegar a ser, convertirse en
begin beginning began begun empezar
believe believing believed believed creer
break breaking broke broken romper
buy buying bought bought comprar
call calling called called llamar
can --- could --- poder, verbo auxiliar
check checking checked checked verificar
choose choosing chose chosen elegir
circle circling circled circled rodear, circular
clean cleaning cleaned cleaned limpiar
climb climbing climbed climbed subir, escalar
come coming came come venir
complete completing completed completed completar
cook cooking cooked cooked cocinar
copy copying copied copied copiar
correct correcting corrected corrected corregir
dance dancing danced danced bailar
decide deciding decided decided decidir
dive diving dove, dived dived zambullirse, bucear
do doing did done hacer, verbo auxiliar
donate donating donated donated donar
draw drawing drew drawn dibujar
dress dressing dressed dressed vestir
drive driving drove driven conducir, guiar
eat eating ate eaten comer
express expressing expressed expressed expresar
fall falling fell fallen caer
feel feeling felt felt sentir
find finding found found encontrar
finish finishing finished finished terminar
follow following followed followed seguir
forget forgetting forgot forgotten olvidar
get getting got gotten conseguir, obtener
get ready getting ready got ready gotten ready prepararse
get tired getting tired got tired gotten tired cansarse
get up getting up got up gotten up levantarse
give giving gave given dar
go going went gone ir
guess guessing guessed guessed conjeturar, adivinar, suponer
happen happening happened happened suceder
hate hating hated hated odiar
have having had had haber, tener
have fun having fun had fun had fun divertirse
hear hearing heard heard or
help helping helped helped ayudar
imagine imagining imagined imagined imaginar
introduce introducing introduced introduced introducir, presentar
jump jumping jumped jumped saltar
know knowing knew known saber, conocer
laugh laughing laughed laughed rer
learn learning learned learned aprender
learn by
heart
learning by
heart
learned by
heart
learned by heart aprender de memoria
leave leaving left left
salir de, olvidar, dejar,
abandonar
let letting let let permitir, dejar
like liking liked liked gustar, desear, querer
link linking linked linked unir, conectar
listen listening listened listened escuchar
live living lived lived vivir
look looking looked looked mirar, buscar
look back looking back looked back looked back recordar el pasado
loose loosing loosed loosed aflojar, soltar
lose losing lost lost perder
love loving loved loved amar
make making made made hacer
match matching matched matched
corresponder a, hacer juego
con
may --- might ---
Poder (pedir permiso,
posibilidad), verbo aux.
meet meeting met met conocer, citar
need needing needed needed necesitar
notice noticing noticed noticed darse cuenta de
organize organizing organized organized organizar
own owning owned owned tener, poseer
perform performing performed performed ejecutar, funcionar, actuar
plan planning planned planned planear, proyectar
play playing played played
jugar, tocar (un instrumento
musical)
practice practicing practiced practiced practicar, ejercitarse en
prepare preparing prepared prepared preparar (se)
prove proving proved proved demostrar
put putting put put poner, meter
quit quitting quit quit abandonar, dejar, salir de
read reading read read leer
relax relaxing relaxed relaxed relajar(se)
remember remembering remembered remembered recordar, acordarse de
repeat repeating repeated repeated repetir
ride riding rode ridden montar
run running ran run correr
save saving saved saved salvar, ahorrar
say saying said said decir
scream screaming screamed screamed gritar
search searching searched searched buscar
see seeing saw seen ver
sell selling sold sold vender
share sharing shared shared compartir
show showing showed showed, shown mostrar, demostrar, exponer
sit sitting sat sat sentarse
ski skiing skied skied esquiar
smile smiling smiled smiled sonrer
speak speaking spoke spoken hablar
spend spending spent spent gastar
stand standing stood stood estar o ponerse de pie
start starting started started comenzar
stay staying stayed stayed
quedarse, alojarse, detenerse,
esperar, durar
study studying studied studied estudiar
surf surfing surfed surfed hacer surfing
surprise surprising surprised surprised sorprender
swim swimming swam swum nadar
talk talking talked talked platicar, hablar
tell telling told told relatar, comunicar, revelar
think thinking thought thought pensar
tire tiring tired tired cansar(se), aburrir(se)
to be born am/is/are born was/were born been born nacer
travel travelling travelled travelled viajar
try trying tried tried intentar
underline underlining underlined underlined subrayar
understand understanding understood understood entender
use using used used usar, utilizar
visit visiting visited visited visitar
walk walking walked walked caminar, andar
want wanting wanted wanted querer, desear
watch watching watched watched observar
wear wearing wore worn vestir, deteriorar
win winning won won ganar, triunfar
work working worked worked trabajar
worry worrying worried worried preocuparse
write writing wrote written escribir


Para la formacin de oraciones en Presente Progresivo, se debe utilizar el verbo To be de cada uno
de los pronombres personales, seguido por el verbo o accin en gerundio. Recordemos que en la
lengua inglesa, para que un verbo est en su forma gerundia, se debe agregar al final de cada verbo
la terminacin -ing, que en el espaol, se traduce como las terminaciones -ando,-iendo o -
yendo.
Existen algunas reglas para convertir un verbo en su forma simple a gerundio, de acuerdo a su
terminacin.

o Si el verbo tiene una sola slaba y termina en una consonante precedida de una nica vocal (siguiendo la
estructura Consonante-vocal-consonante), dicha consonante se debe duplicar y posteriormente
agregamos la terminacin -ing.

Cut-cutting (cortar cortando) Sit-sitting (sentar sentando)

o Si el verbo termina en -e y sta es precedida por una consonante, la e se elimina y en su lugar se
agrega -ing.

Come coming ( venir viniendo) Write writing (escribir escribiendo)

o Si el verbo tiene ms de una slaba y el acento recae sobre la ltima, tenemos que doblar la ltima
consonante cuando tengamos una sola vocal y nica consonante en la ltima slaba.

Admit Admitting (aceptar aceptando) Begin Beginning (empezar empezando)

o Cuando una verbo termina en l, y sta es precedida por una vocal, dicha l, debe duplicarse y
entonces, se agregar -ing.

Cancel Cancelling (cancelar cancelando) Impel Impelling (impulsar
impulsando)
o En los verbos que terminan en -ie, esta partcula debe ser sustituida por una y para entonces
agregar el -ing.
Lie Lying (mentir mintiendo)

Finalmente, como en todos los tiempos verbales, se debe hacer uso de las expresiones de tiempo
para indicar que la accin en la que recae la oracin se est realizando en el momento en que se
habla o para indicar que estamos describiendo planes futuros.

La regla general para construir el gerundio es aadir el sufijo -ing al verbo.
Pero esta regla tiene 3 excepciones:

Doblado de Consonante en el Gerundio
Algunos verbos doblan su consonante final en la formacin el gerundio. Esto
sucede cuando se cumplen las siguientes condiciones:
El verbo es monoslabo o recae el acento en la ltima slaba o bien que
termina en "L".
El verbo termina en una sola consonante (sin ser r, w, x y).
Que la ltima consonante sea precedida de una nica vocal.
Verbo Gerundio Significado
to swim swimming nadar
to run running correr
to win winning ganar
Verbos terminados en "-ie"
Para estos verbos, la "i latina" pasa a ser "y griega". Se ve ms fcil con unos
ejemplos
Verbo Gerundio Significado
die dying morir
lie lying mentir
tie tying atar

Verbos terminados en "-e"
Los verbos terminados en "-e", pierden esta letra al formar el gerundio. Solo el
verbo to be, la conserva.
Verbo Gerundio Significado
to make making hacer
to cause causing causar
to be being ser

Gerundio Completando la Informacin de otro verbo
Hay numerosos verbos que tpicamente son seguidos de otros verbos para
completar su significado. Existen 2 posibilidades que el segundo verbo est en
infinitivo o en gerundio. En este artculo nos vamos a centrar en el caso de verbos
seguidos de gerundio:
I enjoy playing guitar
me divierto tocando la guitarra
I avoid driving when I'm tired
evito conducir cuando estoy cansado

Verbos Seguidos de Gerundio
La regla es si el primer verbo se encuentra en la siguiente lista, el segundo
verbo lo tendremos que poner en gerundio:
Verbo Significado
to admit admitir
to anticipate anticipar
to appreciate apreciar
to avoid evitar
to complete completar
to consider considerar
to delay retrasar
to deny denegar
to discuss discutir, debatir
to dislike no gustar
to enjoy disfrutar
to excuse disculpar
to finish acabar
to imagine imaginar
to keep mantener, seguir
to mention mencionar
to mind preocuparse
to miss echar de menos
to postpone posponer
to practice practicar
to quit abandonar
to recall recordar
to recollect recordar
to recommend recomendar
to report informar
to resist resistir
to resume reanudar
to risk arriesgar
to stop parar
to suggest sugerir
to tolerate tolerar
to understand entender