Project Synopsis

Name of Student: Navneet Kaur

Registration No: 11308962
Roll No: RD1208B44
Phone No: 9876616112
Email: dhillon.navneet91@gmail.com
Project Undertaken: Number System and Storage of
Numbers
Scope of Project : The use of various number systems
and their storage representation in computer memory.



Date: Signature
INTRODUCTION TO NUMBER SYSTEM

A number system is a mathematical notation for representing numbers of a
given set, using digits or other symbols. Numbering systems are based on the
maximum value of a single digit. In day to day life we use the decimal system 0
to 9 but the computer uses binary numbers 0 and 1.

Radix: The radix is the number of unique digits, including zero, which a
positional numeral system uses to represent numbers.

Types of Numbers System :
There are different types of number systems. The mainly used number systems
are as follows:
1. Binary Number System
2. Decimal Number System
3. Octal Number System
4. Hexadecimal Number System

A. Binary Number System: It is the number system that have base 2.
The two digits used in binary representation are 0 and 1. The numbers
are represented in form of 0s and 1s. Each binary digit is a power of
two. The binary system is used internally by almost all modern
computers and computer-based devices such as mobile phones.
Example: 001111000, 11100011 etc.
1001 is equal to 2
3
(1)x2
2
(0)x2
1
(0)x2
0
(1)=9 in decimal
B. Decimal Number System: It is the number system having base 10.
The digits used in this representation are from 0 to 9. This number
system is used in day-to-day life.
Example: 97, 275, 38 etc.
A decimal number 1139=(1x10
3
)+ (1x10
2
)+ (3x10
1
)+ (9xl0
0
)
C. Octal Number System: It is the number system with base 8. The digits
used in octal representation are from 0 to 7.Octal numerals can be
made from binary numerals by grouping consecutive binary digits into
groups of three starting from the right. Each octal digit is power of eight.
Example: 434, 6754, 2 etc.
D. Hexadecimal Number System: It is the number system with base
16.The digits used in such representation are from 0 to 9 and letters
from A to F. A group of four binary digits gives a hexadecimal value.
Each hexadecimal digit is a power of 16.
Example: 2F45, D5A, B, 6 etc.

STORAGE OF NUMBERS IN MEMORY
Numbers are of two basic types: fixed point and floating point and are stored
using the binary number system with a fixed size.
Fixed point are those numbers which have no decimal point.
Floating point numbers are those which have a decimal point.
Memory Storage of Fixed Point Number: The MSB of the number is used to
represent the sign of the number. If the number is positive then the MSB is 0 and
if the number is negative then MSB is 1. The remaining bits are used to store the
binary representation of the number.
Storage of Real (Floating Point) Numbers: Floating point numbers are stored
in exponent notion. For example the number 214.7 in exponent notation is
0.2147x10
3
. The 0.2147 is called the significant (or fractional part) and the 3 is
the exponent. The number 12.75 in decimal converts to binary as 1100.11 so in
exponent notation it would be 0.110011 x 2
4
, with significant of 110011 and
exponent of 4 (100 in binary).










Faculty Advisor: ________________________________

Comments / Observation by Faculty advisor:
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Date: (Signature of Faculty
advisor)