Thanks for downloading this spreadsheet.

I hope it will make learning this long long

list of drugs a bit easier.

If you find any errors or missing drugs, please e-mail me: cr426@cam.ac.uk, so I can
improve the next version.

How to use this spreadsheet:
* The tab "Drug List" contains the full and reduced list of drugs of the academic year
2011/12.
* Each numbered tab contains one lecture series. By default, the drugs are ordered
alphabetically, but you can reorder and filter them by using the autofilter in the most
righthand columns named "tag" (little up and down arrows in each cell of the table
heading).
Alternatively you can use the autofilter on any other columns to filter by anything you
wish.
* Once you have selected your drugs of interest, you can print the table. Always select
the
individual pages you'd like to print, otherwise you'll print tens of useless pages.
* The very final tab lets you print empty lists so you can test yourself, again by being
able to
select the subset of drugs you'd like to study.
* For a movie on how to use this spreadsheet, check here:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TFHI-X0C2ZM

Good luck and a final piece of advice ;-):


QuickTime and a
decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime and a
decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
This is the drug list of the academic year 2011/2012.

Black font indicates the drug is on the full list (~334 drugs).
Blue font indicates the drug is on the reduced list (~224 drugs).
To display the full and reduced lists, use the autofilter on the columns containing
numbers.
For comparison of the full vs reduced lists sort drugs alphabetically using the
autofilter.
drugs (full/reduced)
36/25
drugs (full/reduced)
70/55
drugs (full/reduced)
49/36
drugs (full/reduced)
34/25
drugs
(full/reduced)
6/6
drugs
(full/reduced)
41/27
drugs (full/reduced)
62/50
1
Acetyl-beta-
methylcholine/methacholi
ne
2 7-nitroindazole [7-NI] 1 Abciximab 1 Amyl Nitrite 1 Ether 1 Adalimumab 24 5-Fluorouracil
2 Adenosine 1 alpha-latrotoxin 2 Acetazolamide 35 Amyl Nitrite 7 Ether 2 Alemtuzumab 1 Aciclovir [acyclovir]
37 Adenosine 71 alpha-latrotoxin 50 Acetazolamide 2 Bisoprolol 2 Etomidate 42 Alemtuzumab 63 Aciclovir [acyclovir]
7 alpha-Bungarotoxin 3
alpha-methyl tyrosine
[methyltyrosine]
3 Alteplase 36 Bisoprolol 8 Etomidate 3 Aspirin 2 Amantadine
42 alpha-Bungarotoxin 4 alpha-methyldopa [methyldopa] 51 Alteplase 3 Clofibrate 3 Halothane 43 Aspirin 64 Amantadine
3 Atropine 72 alpha-methyldopa [methyldopa] 33 a-Methylnoradrenaline 37 Clofibrate 9 Halothane 4 Azathioprine 3 Amoxicillin
38 Atropine 5 Amitriptyline 52 a-Methylnoradrenaline 4 Clonidine 4 Nitrous oxide 44 Azathioprine 4 Amphotericin B
4 Bay K 8644 73 Amitriptyline 4 Amiloride 5 Colestyramine 10 Nitrous oxide 5 Chloroquine 65 Amphotericin B
39 Bay K 8644 6 Atenolol 53 Amiloride 38 Colestyramine 5 Propofol 6 Cimetidine 5 Ampicillin
5 Benzilylcholine mustard 74 Atenolol 5 Aminocaproic Acid 6 Doxazosin 11 Propofol 45 Cimetidine 6 Augmentin
40 Benzilylcholine mustard 7 ATP [adenosine triphosphate] 54 Aminocaproic Acid 39 Doxazosin 6 Thiopental 7 Clarithromycin 7 Bacitracin
6 Benzocaine 75 ATP [adenosine triphosphate] 6 Amiodarone 7 Ezetimibe 12 Thiopental 46 Clarithromycin 66 Bacitracin
41 Benzocaine 8 Atracurium 55 Amiodarone 40 Ezetimibe 8
Cromolyn
sodium
8 Bleomycin
8 Cholera toxin 76 Atracurium 7 Amrinone 8 Fibroblast Growth Factor 9 Cyclosporin 67 Bleomycin
43 Cholera toxin 9 Atropine 8 Anistreplase 41 Fibroblast Growth Factor 47 Cyclosporin 9 Cephalosporin
9 Danazol 77 Atropine 56 Anistreplase 9 Flecainide 10 Dexamethasone 68 Cephalosporin
10 Diazoxide 10 Benzilylcholine mustard 9 Aspirin 42 Flecainide 48 Dexamethasone 10 Chloramphenicol
11 Diltiazem 13 beta-Bungarotoxin 10 Atenolol 10 Glyceryl Trinitrate 11 Dimenhydrinate 69 Chloramphenicol
44 Diltiazem 80 beta-Bungarotoxin 11 Bisoprolol 43 Glyceryl Trinitrate 49
Dimenhydrinat
e
11 Chloroquine
12 d-Tubocurarine 11 Bethanechol 57 Bisoprolol 11 Guanfacine 12 Ergotamine 70 Chloroquine
45 d-Tubocurarine 78 Bethanechol 12 Bosentan 12 Hexamethonium 13 Fexofenadine 12 Ciprofloxacin
13 Ethinylestradiol 12 Botulinum toxins 58 Bosentan 13 Hydralazine 14 Infliximab 71 Ciprofloxacin
46 Ethinylestradiol 79 Botulinum toxins 13 Caffeine 44 Hydralazine 50 Infliximab 13 Cisplatin
Professor J. M. Edwardson
Pharmacology of Peripheral Neural
Transmission
Dr C. R. Hiley
Drug Interactions with
Receptors and Ion Channels
Dr R. M. Henderson
Cardiovascular and Renal
Pharmacology
Dr R. M. Henderson
Human Cardiovascular and Renal
Pharmacology
Professor J. M. Edwardson
Chemotherapy
Dr. R. Murrell-
Lagnado
Pharmacokinetics
and General
Anaesthetics
Prof P.A.
McNaughton
Pharmacology of
Inflammation and
Immunosuppressio
Professor J. M. Edwardson
Pharmacology of Peripheral Neural
Transmission
Dr C. R. Hiley
Drug Interactions with
Receptors and Ion Channels
Dr R. M. Henderson
Cardiovascular and Renal
Pharmacology
Dr R. M. Henderson
Human Cardiovascular and Renal
Pharmacology
Professor J. M. Edwardson
Chemotherapy
Dr. R. Murrell-
Lagnado
Pharmacokinetics
and General
Anaesthetics
Prof P.A.
McNaughton
Pharmacology of
Inflammation and
Immunosuppressio
14 Fludrocortisone 14 Butaxamine/Butoxamine 14 Captopril 14
Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1a (HIF-
1a)
15 Ipratropium 72 Cisplatin
15 Glibenclamide 81 Butaxamine/Butoxamine 59 Captopril 45
Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1a
(HIF-1a)
51 Ipratropium 14 Clavulanate
47 Glibenclamide 15 Caffeine 15 Carvedilol 15 Isosorbide Dinitrate 16 Loratidine 73 Clavulanate
16 Isoprenaline 82 Caffeine 16 Clonidine 46 Isosorbide Dinitrate 52 Loratidine 15 Co-trimoxazole
48 Isoprenaline 16 Carbachol 60 Clonidine 16 Ivabradine 17 Mepyramine 74 Co-trimoxazole
17 Lidocaine/lignocaine 17 Carbidopa 17 Clopidogrel 47 Ivabradine 18 Methotrexate 16 Cyclophosphamide
49 Lidocaine/lignocaine 83 Carbidopa 61 Clopidogrel 17 Labetalol 53 Methotrexate 75 Cyclophosphamide
18 Lithium 18 Clonidine 18 Digoxin 48 Labetalol 19 Metoclopramide 17 Daunomycin
19 Mifepristone 84 Clonidine 62 Digoxin 19 Minoxidil 54
Metoclopramid
e
18 D-cycloserine
20 Minoxidil 19 Clorgiline [clorgyline] 19 Diltiazem 20 Moxonidine 20 Metronidazole 76 D-cycloserine
50 Minoxidil 85 Clorgiline [clorgyline] 63 Diltiazem 49 Moxonidine 21 mycophenolate 19 Doxorubicin
21 Muscarine 20 Cocaine 20 Dipyridamole 21 Nicorandil 55 Mycophenolate 77 Doxorubicin
22 Nicorandil 86 Cocaine 21 Dobutamine 22 Nicotinic Acid 22 Omalizumab 20 Erythromycin
51 Nicorandil 21 D-amphetamine [dexamfetamine] 22 Duteplase 50 Nicotinic Acid 56 Omalizumab 78 Erythromycin
23 Nicotine 87 D-amphetamine [dexamfetamine] 23 Enalapril 23 Paclitaxel (Taxol) 23 Omeprazole 21 Etoposide
24 Nifedipine 22 Darifenacin 64 Enalapril 51 Paclitaxel (Taxol) 57 Omeprazole 79 Etoposide
52 Nifedipine 88 Darifenacin 24 Eptifibatide 24 Phentolamine 24 Ondansetron 22 Fansidar
25 Norethisterone 23 Decamethonium 65 Eptifibatide 52 Phentolamine 58 Ondansetron 80 Fansidar
53 Norethisterone 24 Dipyridamole 25 Furosemide 25 Pindolol 25 Paracetamol 23 Fluconazole
26 Pertussis toxin 89 Dipyridamole 66 Furosemide 53 Pindolol 59 Paracetamol 81 Fluconazole
54 Pertussis toxin 25 Disulfiram 26 Heparin 26 Prazosin 26 Penicillamine 25 Flutamide
27 Prednisolone 26 Dobutamine 67 Heparin 27 Quinidine 27 Prednisolone 82 Flutamide
55 Prednisolone 90 Dobutamine 27 Hydrochlorothiazide 28 Rosiglitazone 60 Prednisolone 26 Fosfomycin
28 Procaine 27
D-tubocurarine
[curare/tubocurarine]
68 Hydrochlorothiazide 54 Rosiglitazone 28 Prednisone 83 Fosfomycin
29 Quinidine 91
D-tubocurarine
[curare/tubocurarine]
28
Isobutylmethylxanthine
(IBMX)
29 Simvastatin 61 Prednisone 27 Fusidic acid
56 Quinidine 28
Dyflos [diisopropyl
fluorophosphate/DFP]
29 Levosimendan 55 Simvastatin 29 Promethazine 84 Fusidic acid
30 QX 314 92
Dyflos [diisopropyl
fluorophosphate/DFP]
69 Levosimendan 30 Sirolimus 30 Ranitidine 28 Gentamycin
31 Spironolactone 29 Edrophonium 30 Lignocaine/lidocaine 56 Sirolimus 31 Rofecoxib 29 Gramicidin A
57 Spironolactone 93 Edrophonium 31 Losartan 31 Sodium Nitroprusside 32 Scopolamine 30 Imatinib
Professor J. M. Edwardson
Pharmacology of Peripheral Neural
Transmission
Dr C. R. Hiley
Drug Interactions with
Receptors and Ion Channels
Dr R. M. Henderson
Cardiovascular and Renal
Pharmacology
Dr R. M. Henderson
Human Cardiovascular and Renal
Pharmacology
Professor J. M. Edwardson
Chemotherapy
Dr. R. Murrell-
Lagnado
Pharmacokinetics
and General
Anaesthetics
Prof P.A.
McNaughton
Pharmacology of
Inflammation and
Immunosuppressio
32 Tamoxifen 30 Entacapone 70 Losartan 57 Sodium Nitroprusside 62 Scopolamine 85 Imatinib
58 Tamoxifen 94 Entacapone 32 Mannitol 32 Trimetaphan 33 Sirolimus 31 Isoniazid
33 Tetrodotoxin 31 Ergotamine 71 Mannitol 58 Trimetaphan 63 Sirolimus 86 Isoniazid
59 Tetrodotoxin 32 Guanethidine 34 Milrinone 33
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
(VEGF)
34 Sulfasalazine 32 Leucovorin
34 Tolbutamide 95 Guanethidine 72 Milrinone 59
Vascular Endothelial Growth
Factor
64 Sulfasalazine 87 Leucovorin
35 Tyrphostins 33 Hemicholinium 35 Minoxidil 34 Verapamil 35 Sumatriptan 33 Lomustine
60 Tyrphostins 96 Hemicholinium 73 Minoxidil 18 -Methyldopa 65 Sumatriptan 34 Melarsen
36 Verapamil 34 Hexamethonium 37 Nicotine 36 Tacrolimus 88 Melarsen
61 Verapamil 97 Hexamethonium 74 Nicotine 66 Tacrolimus 35 Melphalan
35 Idazoxan 38 Nifedipine 37 Terfenadine 36 Methicillin
98 Idazoxan 36 Ouabain 39 Theophylline 89 Methicillin
36 Imipramine 75 Ouabain 38 Triamcinolone 37 Methotrexate
99 Imipramine 39 Pimobendan 40 Zafirlukast 90 Methotrexate
37 Isoprenaline 76 Pimobendan 67 Zafirlukast 38 Miconazole
100 Isoprenaline 40 Propranolol 41 Zileuton 91 Miconazole
38 Isosorbide dinitrate 77 Propranolol 68 Zileuton 39 Mitomycin C
39 Labetalol 41 Reserpine 92 Mitomycin C
101 Labetalol 78 Reserpine 40 Mitoxantrone
40 L-NIO [N-iminoethyl-L-ornithine] 42 Saralasin 93 Mitoxantrone
41 L-NMMA 79 Saralasin 41 Nevirapine
102 L-NMMA 43 Sildenafil 94 Nevirapine
42 Malathion 80 Sildenafil 42 Penicillin
103 Malathion 44 Spironolactone 95 Penicillin
43 Mecamylamine 45 Streptokinase 43 Polymixin
104 Mecamylamine 81 Streptokinase 44 Prednisone
44 Methacholine 46 Tirofiban 96 Prednisone
45 Muscarine 82 Tirofiban 45 Pyrimethamine
105 Muscarine 47 Tranexamic Acid 97 Pyrimethamine
46 Neostigmine 83 Tranexamic Acid 46 Rifampin
106 Neostigmine 48 Triamterene 98 Rifampin
47 Nicotine 84 Triamterene 47 Saquinavir
107 Nicotine 49 Warfarin 99 Saquinavir
48 Nitroglycerin [glyceryl trinitrate] 85 Warfarin 48 Streptomycin
108 Nitroglycerin [glyceryl trinitrate] 100 Streptomycin
49 Octopamine 49 Sulfadoxin
50 Pancuronium 101 Sulfadoxin
109 Pancuronium 50 Sulfamethoxazole
Professor J. M. Edwardson
Pharmacology of Peripheral Neural
Transmission
Dr C. R. Hiley
Drug Interactions with
Receptors and Ion Channels
Dr R. M. Henderson
Cardiovascular and Renal
Pharmacology
Dr R. M. Henderson
Human Cardiovascular and Renal
Pharmacology
Professor J. M. Edwardson
Chemotherapy
Dr. R. Murrell-
Lagnado
Pharmacokinetics
and General
Anaesthetics
Prof P.A.
McNaughton
Pharmacology of
Inflammation and
Immunosuppressio
51 Phenoxybenzamine 102 Sulfamethoxazole
52 Phentolamine 51 Suramin
110 Phentolamine 103 Suramin
53 Phenylephrine 52 Tamoxifen
111 Phenylephrine 104 Tamoxifen
54 Pilocarpine 53 Taxol
112 Pilocarpine 105 Taxol
55 Pirenzepine 54 Tetracycline
56 Pralidoxime 106 Tetracycline
113 Pralidoxime 55 Topotecan
57 Prazosin 56 Trifluridine
114 Prazosin 57 Trimethoprim
58 Propranolol 107 Trimethoprim
115 Propranolol 58 Valinomycin
59 Reserpine 108 Valinomycin
116 Reserpine 59 Vancomycin
60 Salbutamol 109 Vancomycin
117 Salbutamol 60 Vinblastine
61 Selegiline 110 Vinblastine
118 Selegiline 61 Zanamivir
62 Sildenafil 111 Zanamivir
119 Sildenafil 62
Zidovudine
(azidothymidine, AZT)
63 Suxamethonium 112
Zidovudine
(azidothymidine,
AZT)
120 Suxamethonium
64 Tetanus toxin
121 Tetanus toxin
65 Tranylcypromine
122 Tranylcypromine
66 Trimetaphan
67 Tyramine
123 Tyramine
68 Vesamicol
124 Vesamicol
69 Xylazine
125 Xylazine
70 Yohimbine
Contents of Hiley Lecture series on Receptors and Ion channels:
(not in exact order)
- ligand-binding (important for the practical exam)
this section contains mainly ACh-R relating drugs, which are mostly repeated again in 2nd
lecture series
- info on ligand receptors in general
- hormone receptor drugs
- tyrosine kinase receptor drugs
- ion channel drugs: Na+, Ca2+, K+
- TOXINS (please see separate tab for a list of all toxins)
Legend
* to do with acetylcholine
* to do with hormone receptors
* to do with Na+ receptors
* to do with K+ receptors
* to do with Ca2+ receptors

Filtering
Hiley:
Drug Interactions with Receptors and Ion Channels
p Drug Class Target
Mechanism of
Action
Points of Interest Application
Indicatio
n
Side-
effects
Metabolism
p.24 Bay K 8644 DHP
Voltage-sensitive
Ca2+ channel
(L-type)
0
* highly lipid soluble
as aromatic
* favours mode 2
(open)
same binding site as
nifedipine
p.24 Amlodipine DHP
Voltage-sensitive
Ca2+ channel
(L-type)
Antagonist
* highly lipid soluble
as aromatic
* favours mode 0
(closed)
* Calcium
antagonist
p.24 Nifedipine DHP
Voltage-sensitive
Ca2+ channel
(L-type)
Antagonist (of
Bay K 8644)
* highly lipid
solumble as aromatic
* favours mode 0
(closed) therefore
more active on
vascular Ca2+
channels where
inactive channels
predominate due to
different resting
potential (less -ve)
* Calcium
antagonist
* more effect on
vascular smooth
muscle
* reflex
tachycardia
p.25
Diltiazem
(IV)
benzo-
thiazepine
Voltage-sensitive
Ca2+ channel
(L-type)
Antagonist
* rate neutral
* more effect on
smooth muscle in
comparison to
Verapamil
* Calcium
antagonist
* rate
neutral
* side-
effects from
vasodilation:
flushing,
headache
* well
absorbed in
GI --> given
by mouth
* extensively
metabolised
p.25
Verapamil
(IV)
phenylalkyla
mine
Voltage-sensitive
Ca2+ channel
(L-type)
blocker
* slows heart rate
* negative inotropic
action
* USE-dependent
block
* Calcium
antagonist
* affects heart
muscle more than
vasculature
* by mouth
*SVT but
Adenosine
used
instead
* AV block
and cardiac
slowing but
reflexes act
against
*
constipation
Ca2+
antagonists:
block entry of Ca2+ from extracellular, rather than ER
Vaughan williams classification of disarrhythmics
**SUR/K+ antagonists:
ATP/ADP
ratio
determines the
KATP channel
activity
normal: K+ out
if glucose up, ATP
up, less K+ out, -->
depolarisation!
depolarisation
causes insulin
release!!!!!!!!
Filtering
To visualise the individual groups of
drugs, click on the arrows in the far
right column named "tag1" and select
the custom filter. Select "contains" and
enter your search term. You can now
reorder the drugs using "tag2". Click on
the arrows and select "sort ascending".
Now you can print your subset of drugs.
Select the desired pages.
Clearance tag1 tag2 tag3
Ca 1
Ca 2
Ca 3
Ca 4
Ca 5
Contents of Edwardson Lecture series on Peripheral Neural Transmission:
This is one of THE MOST IMPORTANT lecture series of the course, it is also very important
for the practical.
- cholinergic transmission

- noradrenergic transmission

- non-cholinergic and non-adrenergic (NANC) transmission

Legend
* to do with ACh transmission
* to do with NA transmission
* to do with NO
* to do with nucleotides

To visualise the individual groups of
drugs, filter by the custom filter of the
"tag1" column on the far right, then sort by
"tag2", etc...
Filtering
To visualise the individual groups of
drugs, click on the arrows in the far
right column named "tag1" and select
the custom filter. Select "contains" and
enter your search term. You can now
reorder the drugs using "tag2". Click on
the arrows and select "sort ascending".
Now you can print your subset of drugs.
Select the desired pages.
Professor
Edwardson:
Pharmacology of Peripheral Neural Transmission
p Drug Class Target
Mechanism of
Action
Points of Interest Application Indication Side-effects
p.2
8
Adrenaline
alpha and beta
adrenoR (non-
selective)
agonist * alpha > beta
* anaphylactic shock,
increase TPR and reduce
bronchospasm
p.2
9
Atenolol
beta1 adrenoR
(little bit beta2)
antagonist * pretty beta1 selective
p.2
6 c
Bisoprolol beta1 adrenoR antagonist * third generation * chronic heart failure
* over-
inhibition
p.2
8
Butaxamine
/Butoxamine
beta1 and beta2
adrenoR
antagonist
* pretty beta2 selective
* beta2 > beta1
p.2
9
Phenoxybenzamine
alpha adrenoR
(non-selective)
irreversible
antagonist
* for preparation of
patients with
phaeochromocytoma for
surgery as tumour may
secrete high amounts of
amines
* alpha1 = alpha2
* postural
hypertension
p.2
8
Noradrenaline
alpha and beta
adrenoR (non-
selective)
agonist
beta2<beta1/alpha2<alph
a1
p.2
9
Phentolamine alpha adrenoR antagonist
* non-selective
* obsolete
* alpha1 = alpha2
* antihypertensive
* learge
increase in
HR (reflex
tachycardia)
* postural
hypertension
p.2
8 /
p.2
5 c
Dobutamine beta1 adrenoR agonist
* use per IV
* inotropic >
chronotropic
* used in acute
cardiogenic shock
* shock
* inc O2
demand
* inc HR ->
arrthythmias
* hypertension
p.2
6 C
Carvedilol
alpha1, beta1
beta2 adrenoR
antagonist * third generation * third generation
* chronic
heart failure
* over-
inhibition
p.2
3
Octopamine
sympathomi
metic amine
alpha and beta
adrenoR (non-
selective)
very weak agonist * metabolyte of tyramine
p.2
8
Labetalol
alpha1, beta1
and beta2
adrenoR
antagonist
* four isomers with
different actions
* does not bind alpha2 R
* treat hypertension in
pregnancy
p.2
8
Methyl NA alpha adrenoR agonist
p.2
6
Isoprenaline
similar to
adrenaline
beta adrenoR
non-selective
agonist
* was used in asthma but
side-effects
* increased
HR from
beta1 stim
p.5
h
Doxazosin
alpha1 and
alpha2 adrenoR
antagonist * alpha1 selective
* hypertension
* causes vasodil in
resistance and
capacitance vessels
* less tachycardia than
non-selectives
* postural
hypertension
* impotence
p.2
9
Ergotamine
alpha adrenoR,
5-HT R
partial agonist * migraine
* St Anthony's
fire = intense
peripheral
vasoconstriction
(when ingested
eating ergo-
infected cereals)
p.2
8
Phenylephrine
alpha1 and
beta1 adrenoR
agonist * alpha1 selective
* raise blood pressure in
acute hypotension
p.2
7
Prazosin
alpha1 and
alpha2 adrenoR
antagonist * alpha1 selective
* hypertension
* causes vasodil
* less tachycardia than
non-selectives
* postural
hypertension
* impotence
p.(3
)2
Caffeine alpha1 adrenoR
antagonist,
potentiates cAMP
signalling
* most efficient after
prolongued wakefulness
* also breaks down
inhibits
phosphodiesterase which
breaks down cyclic
nucleotides
p.2
6,
p.2
8
Clonidine
alpha2 and
alpha1 adrenoR
agonist * alpha2 > alpha 1 * anti-hypertensive agent
* can lead to
rebound
hypertension
if dose
omitted
p.2
8
Idazoxan
synthetic
yohimbine
alpha2 and
alpha1 adrenoR
antagonist
* alpha2 selective
* experimental
* postural
hypertension
p.5
h
Pindolol beta adrenoR
partial agonist /
antagonist
* mild effects on CO * beta blocker
p.2
8
Xylazine alpha2 adrenoR agonist * alpha2 > alpha1
p.2
9
Propranolol beta adrenoR antagonist * beta1 = beta 2 * beta blocker
p.2
8
Salbutamol beta2 adrenoR agonist * beta2 > beta 1
p.6
h
Guanfacine alpha2 adrenoR agonist
* more potent than
clonidine but less
efficacy as hypertensive
agent
* postural
hypertension
p.2
8
Yohimbine
alpha1, alpha2
adrenoR
antagonist * alpha2 > alpha1 * experimental
* postural
hypertension
*sympathetic* side effects: exc. on CNS, urinary retention, sm. muscle relaxation, inh. on GI, dilated pupil, decrease in near vision, dry mouth, tachycardia, BP unaffected
Filtering
To visualise the individual groups of
drugs, click on the arrows in the far
right column named "tag1" and select
the custom filter. Select "contains" and
enter your search term. You can now
reorder the drugs using "tag2". Click on
the arrows and select "sort ascending".
Now you can print your subset of drugs.
Select the desired pages.
Metabolism Clearance tag 1 tag 2 tag 3 tag 4
adreno alpha, beta 1
ag
adreno beta 5
ant
adreno beta 6
ant
adreno beta 7
ant
adreno alpha 1
ant
adreno alpha, beta 2
ag
adreno alpha 2
ant
adreno beta 6
ag
adreno alpha, beta 3
ant
adreno alpha, beta 3
ag
adreno alpha, beta 4
ant
adreno alpha 4
ag
adreno beta 5
ag
adreno alpha 5 ant
adreno alpha 5
ag
adreno alpha 6
ag
adreno alpha 6
ant
misc, adreno 16, alpha 7
ant
adreno alpha 7
ag
adreno alpha 8
ant
adreno beta 2
ag/ant
adreno alpha 8
ag
adreno beta 1
ant
adreno beta 7
ag
adreno alpha 9
ag
adreno alpha 9
ant
exc. on CNS, urinary retention, sm. muscle relaxation, inh. on GI, dilated pupil, decrease in near vision, dry mouth, tachycardia, BP unaffected
Contents of Henderson Lecture series on Cardiovascular and Renal Pharmacology:
This lecture series starts out feeling quite repetitive, but it still contains quite a lot of info to
absorb. My advice would be not to underestimate it! It covers roughly three types of drugs
- drugs to with the heart and circulation

- drugs to do with blood coagulation
(I recommend studying these alongside the cardiovascular handout of the Pathology lecture
series)
- renal drugs

Legend
* heart
* kidney
* blood

To visualise the individual groups of
drugs, sort by the custom filter of the
"tag1" column on the far right, then sort by
"tag2", etc...
Filtering
To visualise the individual groups of
drugs, click on the arrows in the far
right column named "tag1" and select
the custom filter. Select "contains" and
enter your search term. You can now
reorder the drugs using "tag2". Click on
the arrows and select "sort ascending".
Now you can print your subset of drugs.
Select the desired pages.
Henderson:
Cardiovascular and Renal Pharmacology
p Drug Class Target
Mechanism of
Action
Points of Interest Application Indication Side-effects Metabolism Clearance
p.29 Abciximab
receptor that
binds
vitronectin R
on platelets
* integrin
antagonist
* inhibits GpIIb/IIIa
glycoprotein receptors
on platelets that bind
fibrinogen for
subsequent conversion
to fibrin by thrombin!
* prevents fibrinogen
bridging between
platelets and adhesion
* clot lysis
* used with
coronary
angioplasty
p.38 Acetazolamide
inhibits
carbonic
anhydrase
* blocks NaHCO3
reabsorption
* first used as diuretics
now obsolete
* inhibit
production of
acqueous
humour in
glaucoma
* altitude
sickness
p.41 Aliskiren renin inhibitor
Allopurinol -
p.29 Alteplase
plasminogen
activator
* clot lysis
a-methyl-
NA
-
p.36 Amiloride
K+sparin
g
blocks apical
Na+ ch in DCT
* prevent Na+
reabs in DCT
* K+ sparing
diuretic
p.30
Aminocaproic
acid
similar to
lysine
inhibits
plasminogen
activation
REVERSE clot
lysis if bleeding
* inhibit clot lysis
p.22 Amiodarone
* beta-blocker
and K+-ch
blocker-like
actions in nodes
* resembles thyrroid
hormone -> toxicity
* class III anti-
dyshythmic
* thyrroid
problems
Amrinone -
p.29 Anistreplase
combination of
plasminogen
and anisoylated
streptokinase
* more prolonged
activity than
streptokinase
* clot lysis
p.29 Aspirin COX inhibitor * anti platelet
p.36
Bendroflumet
hiazide
thiazide
block Na/Cl
cotransport
* prevent Na+
reabs in DCT
* inhibit formation of
diluated urine
* act in thick
ascending limb or
distal tubule
* bind to Cl- site
* diuretic
* similar to
loop-diuretics
(milder) but
retain Ca2+,
good for
osteoporosis
* erectile
dysfunction!
p.26 Bisoprolol adreno receptor antagonist * third generation
* chronic heart
failure
* over-
inhibition
p.28 Bosentan
endothelin
receptor
antagonist * non-specific
* pulmonary
hypertension
p.35 Bumetanide
sulfon-
amide
NKCl2 co-
transporter in
LOH
* prevent Na+
reabs in LOH
* loop diuretic
p.(3
)2
Caffeine
methyl-
xanthine
alpha1
adrenoR
antagonist,
potentiates cAMP
signalling
* most efficient after
prolongued
wakefulness
* also breaks down
inhibits
phosphodiesterase
which breaks down
cyclic nucleotides
p.27 Caffeine
methyl-
xanthine
non-selective
phosphodiester
ase, adenosine
R
non-selective
inhibitor,
antagonist
* +ve chronotropic and
inotropic effect
* disrhythmias
p.41 Captopril ACE inhibitor
* reduce vascular
resistance
* hypertension
* heart failure
p.26 Carvedilol adreno receptor antagonist * third generation
* chronic heart
failure
* over-
inhibition
p.29 Clopidogrel
inhibitor of
platelet
aggregation
* anti platelet
Dabigatran -
p.24 Digoxin
cardiac
glycoside
Na+/K+
ATPase
inhibitor
* inc IC (Na+) by 1-
1.5mM only but Ca2+
depends on Na+^3!
* produce +ve
inotropic effect
without an inc
requirement for O2
* stimulates vagus by
central action => also
antidysrhythmic
* used to
strengthen the
heart beat
* now more
dysrrhythmia
than heart
failure via
depression of
the vagus
*affects
synaptic neuro-
transmission
* bigeminy
(premature
beat)
* watch when
combined with
diuretics as side-
effects worse
when K+plasma
low!
p.5 Diltiazem
Diltiazem
(IV)
benzo-
thiazepine
Voltage-sensitive
Ca2+ channel
(L-type)
Antagonist
* rate neutral
* more effect
on smooth
muscle in
comparison to
Verapamil
* Calcium
antagonist
* rate neutral
* side-effects
from
vasodilation:
flushing,
headache
* well
absorbed in GI
--> given by
mouth
* extensively
metabolised
p.27 Dipyridamole
phosphodiester
ase type V
inhibit cAMP
breakdown
* also inhibits
adenosine reuptake
p.26 Dobutamine
beta1 adreno
receptor
agonist
b1 agonist
* use per IV
* inotropic >
chronotropic
* shock
* inc O2
demand
* inc HR ->
arrthythmias
* hypertension
p.29 Duteplase
plasminogen
activator
* clot lysis
p.41 Enalapril ACE inhibitor
p.30 Eptifibatide
cyclic
heptapept
ide
inhibitor
cyclic
heptapeptide
inhibitor
* integrin
antagonist
* inhibits GpIIb/IIIa
glycoprotein receptors
on platelets that bind
fibrinogen for
subsequent conversion
to fibrin by thrombin!
* prevents fibrinogen
bridging between
platelets
* clot lysis
p.22 Flecainide
Na+ channel
inhibitor
* class IC
p.35 Furosemide
sulfon-
amide
NKCl2 co-
transporter in
LOH
* prevent Na+
reabs in LOH
* acts in <10 mins
* unexplained vasodil.
Effect
* weak carbonic
anhydrase inhibitors
* bind to Cl-site
* loop diuretic
* heart failure
* pulmon.
Oedema
* cirrhosis +
ascites
* renal failure
* hypokalaemia
* hypovolaemia
* metabolic
alkalosis
* gout
* kidney failure
p.30 Heparin
naturally
occuring,
glycosami
no glycan
= poly-
saccharid
e
activates
antithrombin
III (ATIII)
prevents thrombin
formation
* causes confo change
in ATIII
* inhibition of Xa
* lack of thrombin
activation
* has to be given by
injection
* inhibits blood
clotting cascade
* unstable
angina, after
MI, DVT
p.36
Hydrochloroth
iazide
thiazide
block Na/Cl
cotransport
* prevent Na+
reabs in DCT
* diuretic
[.27
Isobutylmethyl
xanthine
non-selective
phosphodiester
ase inhibitors
* similar to caffeine
p.27 Levosimendan
calcium
sensitiser
troponin
enhances Ca2+
binding
* not licensed in UK
* also cause
vasodilatation
* heart failure
* used in
humans
p.5
Lidocaine/lign
ocaine
Lidocain
e/lignocai
ne (Ib)
Amineester
Voltage-sensitive
Na+ channel
physically blocks
channel:
stabilises inactivated
state
* weak base
(+active,
neutral can
cross
membrane,
active from
inside)
* inhibits C and
Ad fibres best
(=small)
* use-dependent
at high rates of
stimulation
* local
anaestetic
*
antiarrhythmic
* used for
neuropathic
pain
* can give per
IV
* CNS
* cardio-
vascular
* amides
metabolised in
liver
p.41 Losartan
non-
peptide
angiotensin II
antagonist,
angiotensin
receptor
blockers
(ARBs)
* blocks AT1 R * acts on AT1 R * hypertension
Lovastatin -
p.39 Mannitol acts by osmosis
* retains water in
tubule
* osmotic
diuretic
p.27 Milrinone
phosphodiester
ase type III
inhibit cAMP
breakdown
* dysrhythmias
Minoxidil -
p.5 Nifedipine
Nifedipin
e
DHP
Voltage-sensitive
Ca2+ channel
(L-type)
Antagonist (of Bay
K 8644)
* highly lipid
solumble as
aromatic
* favours mode
0 (closed)
* Calcium
antagonist
* more effect
on vascular
smooth muscle
* reflex
tachycardia
p.24 Ouabain
cardiac
glycoside
Na+/K+
ATPase
inhibitor
Phenytoin -
p.
27
Pimobendan
calcium
sensitiser
increase Ca2+
sensitivity,
inhibits
phosphodiester
ase III
* inodilator
* peripheral
vasodilator
* calcium sensitiser of
troponin
* used in
animals
p.36 Probenecid
uric acid
transporter in
distal tubule
inhibits uric acid
reabsorption
* gout
p.17 Propranolol beta adrenoR antagonists
* beta blocker
* beta1 = beta 2
p.
22
Quinidine (Ia) Ester
Voltage-
sensitive Na+
channel
physically blocks
channel
* use-dependent at low
rates of stimulation
* local
anaestetic
*
antiarrhythmic
* CNS
* cardio-
vascular
* esters rapidly
hydrolysed by
esterases
p.43 Reserpine
VMAT-2
(vesicular
monoamine
transporter)
inhibits VMAT,
causes depletion
of NA sture
* acts in periphery
and theb rain
* recovery requires
synthesis of new
vesicles
* profound
psychological
depression
* anti-
hypertensive! misc
Reteplase -
p.41 Saralasin peptide Antiogensin II partial agonist
* not suitable for oral
administration
p.27 Sildenafil
phosphodiester
ase type V
(downstream of
NO)
inhibit cAMP
breakdown
* breaks down
cGMP (downstream
product of NO!)
viagra!
Sotalol -
p.37
Spironolacton
e
K+sparin
g
aldosterone
antagonist
* binds
aldosteroneR
* metabolite canrenone
has activity
* slow onset
* K+ sparing
diuretic
* more
antihypertensiv
e than diuretic
* prevent
hypokalaemia
*
hyperkalaemia
* gynecomastia,
menstrual
disorders,
testicular
atrophy
p.29 Streptokinase
streptococ
cal
protein
binds to
plasminogen
activator
causes plasmin
generation to
degrade fibrin
clots
* clot-lysis
p.27 Theophylline
methylxa
nthine
phosphodiester
ase, adenosine
R
non-selective
inhibitor,
antagonist
* +ve chronotropic and
inotropic effect
* disrhythmias
p.29 Tirofiban
non-
peptide
clotting
cascade
* integrin
antagonist
* inhibits GpIIb/IIIa
glycoprotein receptors
on platelets that bind
fibrinogen for
subsequent conversion
to fibrin by thrombin!
* prevents fibrinogen
bridging between
platelets
* can be used
like heparin
* clot lysis
p.30
Tranexamic
Acid
aminocap
roic acid
analogue
inhibits
plasminogen
activation
REVERSE clot
lysis if bleeding
* analogue of
aminocaproic acid
* inhibit clot
lysis
p.37 Triamterene
K+sparin
g
blocks apical
Na+ ch in DCT
* prevent Na+
reabs in DCT
* K+ sparing
diuretic
p.5 Verapamil
phenylalk
ylamine
Voltage-
sensitive Ca2+
channel
(L-type)
blocker
* slows heart rate
* negative inotropic
action
* Calcium
antagonist
* affects heart
muscle more
than vasculature
* by mouth
*SVT but
Adenosine used
instead
* AV block and
cardiac slowing
but reflexes act
against
* constipation
p.30 Warfarin
inhibits syn of
II, VII, IX and
X
prevents thrombin
formation
vitamin K
antagonist
* can be given orally
* monitor INR
* inhibits blood
clotting cascade
* similar to
heparin
* given with AF
and after
prostetic valve
Xylazine -
Filtering
To visualise the individual groups of
drugs, click on the arrows in the far
right column named "tag1" and select
the custom filter. Select "contains" and
enter your search term. You can now
reorder the drugs using "tag2". Click on
the arrows and select "sort ascending".
Now you can print your subset of drugs.
Select the desired pages.
tag1 tag2 tag3 tag 4 tag 5
blood 5
kidney 8
kidney 13
left out left out
blood 6
left out
kidney 5
blood 12
heart no
left out left out
blood 7
blood 1
kidney 3
heart no
heart single
kidney 1
inodil 1
heart inodil 2
kidney 10
heart
blood 2
left out left out
heart CG
heart no
heart inodil 6
heart no
blood 8
kidney 11
blood 3
kidney 2
blood 10
kidney 4
heart inodil 4
heart inodil 9
heart no
kidney 14
left out left out
kidney 9
heart inodil 5
no
heart no
heart CG
left out
heart inodil 8
kidney 15
heart no
heart no
heart
no
left out
kidney 12
heart inodil 7
left out
kidney 7
blood 9
heart inodil 3
blood 4
blood 13
kidney 6
heart no
blood 11
left out
Contents of Edwardson Lecture series on Human Aspects of Cardiovascular and
Renal Pharmacology:
Again, don't underestimate this lecture series.
This table only contains NON-REDUNDANT drugs. The drugs acting on NO have been
combined with those of lecture series 1 and can be found in the "Drug Receptor Interaction"
tab.

- drugs that lower blood lipids and cholesterol
- angina drugs
Please also download the separate "Cardiovascular and Renal Drug" overview from the
website.
Filtering
To visualise the individual groups of
drugs, click on the arrows in the far
right column named "tag1" and select
the custom filter. Select "contains" and
enter your search term. You can now
reorder the drugs using "tag2". Click on
the arrows and select "sort ascending".
Now you can print your subset of drugs.
Select the desired pages.
Henderson: Human aspects of cardiovascular and renal pharmacology
p Drug Class Target
Mechanism
of Action
Points of
Interest
Application Indication Side-effects Metabolism Clearance
p.12 Clofibrate fibrate
activates
lipoprotein
lipase
lowers VLDL
and LDL
* lower blood
cholesterol
*
hypertension
p.10 Simvastatin statin
inhibits HNG-
CoA
reductase
inhibits
cholesterol
synthesis
* pleiotropic
= many
beneficial
effects
* lower blood
cholesterol
*
hypertension
p.12 Rosiglitazone
activates
PPAR-gamma
promotes
cholesterol-
uptake from
periphery via
LXR and
ABCA1
* lower blood
cholesterol
* used in
T2DM!!!!
*
hypertension
p.13 Colestyramine
anion
exchange
resin
prevents bile
re-uptake
from small
intestine
* lower blood
cholesterol
*
hypertension
p.13 Ezetimibe
intestinal
sterol
transporter
inhibits
cholesterol
absorption
* circulates
entero-
hepatically,
repeated
action
* lower blood
cholesterol
*
hypertension
p.13 Fish oil
reduces
hypertriglycer
inaemia
prevents
platelet
aggregation
* lowers
blood
triglycerides
* contains
unsaturated
FA that affect
eicosanoids
*
hypertension
p.7 Hydralazine unknown
smooth
muscle
relaxant
* only short
term effect
* in 3rd world
as cheep
*
hypertension
p.13
Nicotinic
Acid
inhibits
triglyceride
production
and VLDL
secretion
* lower blood
cholesterol
*
hypertension
p.6 Moxonidine imidazoline imidazolineR
* GPCR
activation
leading to
generation of
diacylglycerol
and
arachidonic
acid
*sympatholyti
c
*
hypertension
* fewer than
alpha2
agonists
Ivabradine HCN channel * slows HR * angina
* much fewer
than beta-
blockers
Fibroblast
Growth Factor
* induce
angiogenesis
* angina
Hypoxia-
inducible
Factor-1a
(HIF-1a)
* induce
angiogenesis
* angina
Vascular
Endothelial
Growth Factor
* induce
angiogenesis
* angina
p.18
Paclitaxel
(Taxol)
* coat stent to
prevent
neointimal
proliferation
* angina
p.18 Sirolimus
* coat stent to
prevent
neointimal
proliferation
* angina
tag 1 tag 2 tag 3
blood
lipids/chol
1
angina, blood
lipids/chol
6 2
blood
lipids/chol
3
blood
lipids/chol
4
blood
lipids/chol
5
blood
lipids/chol
6
blood
lipids/chol
8
blood
lipids/chol
9
blood
lipids/chol?
10
angina 1
angina 2
angina 3
angina 3
angina 5
angina

Contents of Murrell-Lagnado lecture series on Anaesthetics.


Thankfully only 7 drugs to learn here!

Dr M-L
Anaesthetics
p Drug Class
blood/gas
partition
coefficient
oil/gas
partition
coefficien
Points of Interest Application Indication Side-effects Metabolism Clearance
p.2
f
Nitrous oxide volatile 0.47 1.4
* very fast induction and
recovery
* least potent
* requires highes partial
pressure to achieve
anaesthesia
* more suitable
for maintenance
* generally not
much
metabolism
* exhalation
via the lungs
p.2
f
Halothane volatile 2.4 220
* effect blocked by
mutations in the
GABAaR a-subunit
* S270W mutation
abolishes effect
* also enhancement of
Gly receptor currents
* pore-domain
K+channels TREK1
* generally not
much
metabolism
* exhalation
via the lungs
p.2
f
Ether volatile 12 65 * hangover
* generally not
much
metabolism
* exhalation
via the lungs
p.9
Methoxy-
fluorane
volatile 13 950
* slow induction and
recovery
* most potent
* requires lowest partial
pressure for anaesthesia
* severe
hangover
* generally not
much
metabolism
* exhalation
via the lungs
Drug Class Target Mechanism Points of Interest Application Indication Side-effects Metabolism Clearance
p.2
f
Etomidate IV
GABAaR
(amongst
others)
* enhance
inhibitory
GABAa
receptor
currents
* more recent
* prefers b2 and b3
subunit
* more suitable
for induction
* generally by
liver
* more rapidly
than
thiopentone
p.2
f
Propofol IV
GABAaR
(amongst
others)
* enhance
inhibitory
GABAa
receptor
currents
* more recent
* prefers b subunits
* N265M mutation
reduces susceptibility to
anaesthetics and
corresponding loss of
reflexes
* maintenance
as well as
induction, but
IV rate must be
adjusted
frequencly
* generally by
liver
* more rapidly
than
thiopentone
p.2
f
Thiopental/
Thiopentone
IV,
barbiturat
e
* introducted in 1930's
* causes unconsciousness
in 20s for 5-10mins
(rapid onset and short
lived)
* main example to
explain redistribution
phases
* generally by
liver
tag
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Contents
I found it useful to read this lecture series alongside the corresponding Path and Neuro
lectures.
- drugs to do with histamine receptors
- drugs to do with serotonin receptors
- NSAIDs
- corticosteroids
- anti
- anti
- immunosuppressive drugs
p
p.21
p.21
p.10
?
p.23
p.16
p.22
p.18
p.22
p.18
p.7-
9
p.11
p.7-
9
p.22
p.18
p.21
p.18
p.7-
9
p.7-
9
p.22
p.10
p.22
p.21
p.10
p.22
p.10
p.20
p.7-
9
p.23
p.10
p.23
p.20
p.22
p.11
p.22
p.7-
9
p.20
p.20
p.11
p.20
p.20
Contents of McNaughton Lecture series on Inflammation:
I found it useful to read this lecture series alongside the corresponding Path and Neuro
lectures.
- drugs to do with histamine receptors
- drugs to do with serotonin receptors
- NSAIDs
- corticosteroids
- anti-asthma drugs
- anti-rheumatic drugs
- immunosuppressive drugs
Legend
* histamine H1R drugs
* histamine H2R drugs
* migraine drugs
* antiemetics (ae)
* NSAIDS
* steroids and asthma drugs
* antibodies
* rheumatoid arthritis (RA) drugs
* Immunosuppressant (IS) drugs

Filtering
McNaughton
Inflammation
Drug Class Target
Mechanism of
Action
Points of Interest Application Indication Side-effects Metabolism Clearance
Adalimumab AB TNFa opsonises
* "~mab" chimeric
mouse + human AB
* Rheumatoid
arthritis
* Crohn's
disease
Infliximab AB TNFa opsonises
* Rheumatoid
arthritis
* Crohn's
disease
Alosetron 5-HT3R antagonist antiemetic
Anakinra IL-1 R antagonist
Aprepitant NK1 R antagonist
antagonises
substance P
Aspirin COX
irreversible
inhibitor
* in platelets:
TXA2 synthesis
inhibited, causing
decrease in platelet
aggregation -->
antithrombotic effect
(platelets can't make
more COX)
* acetylates serine
* anti-
inflammatory
* anti-clotting
* analgesic
* antipyretic
* salicylate
poisoning
* reye's
syndrome
* hyper-
sensitivity
reactions
Cyclosporine calcineurin inhibitor
* interferes with T-
cell action by
suppressing IL-2
expression
immunosuppr
essant
* nephrotoxic
but no bone
marrow
suppression
Celecoxib
COX2
specific
inhibitor
* too bulky to enter
COX1 active site
Chloroquine
prevents haeme
breakdown,
inhibits
lymphocyte
proliferation,
phospholipase A,
antigen
presentation in
dendritic cells,
release of
enzymes from
lysosomes, release
of reactive oxygen
species from
macrophages, and
production of IL1
* DMARD
* also used as
antimalarial drugX
* only used for RA if
other drugs have failed
rheumatoid
arthritis
Cimetidine H2R antagonist
stomach
ulcers
Clarythromyci
n
kill h.pylori antibiotic
stomach
ulcers
Hydrocortison
e
cortic
oster
oid
GCR-alpha
inhibit enzymes,
transcription
factor, short
acting
* TF = 3 mechanisms
of action:
1. Direct TF
2. Direct activation of
other TF
3. Indirect activation
of other TF
(inhibition of other TF)
* anti-
inflammatory
* asthma
* polyphagia,
diabetes
* osteoporosis
* muscle weakness
* skin thinning
* decreased wound
healing, increased
infection risk
Tacrolimus calcineurin inhibitor
* interferes with T-
cell action by
suppressing IL-2
expression
* also binds
immunophillin
immunosuppr
essant
Prednisone
cortic
oster
oid
GCR-alpha
inhibit enzymes,
transcription
factor, short
acting
* genes upregulated:
- lipocortin-1
- secretory leukocyte
inhibitory protein
- IL1 receptor
antagonist
- IkBa
* anti-
inflammatory
* Cushings:
- moon face
- buffalo
hump
- abdo fat
Dimenhydrinat
e
H1R antagonist
via inhibition of
muscarinic
cholinergic in
periphery?
motion
sickness
motion
sickness
well abs,
metabolised in
liver, excreted
in urine
Ergotamine 5-HT1R
antagonist,
partial agonist
* also alpha2 agonist * therapeutic
Fexofenadine H1R antagonist 3rd generation antihistamine cardiosafe
well abs,
metabolised in
liver, excreted
in urine
Gold
prevents
neutrophil
migration to site
of inflammation
* DMARD
Triamcinolone
cortic
oster
oid
GCR-alpha
inhibit enzymes,
transcription
factor,
intermediate
acting
* genes
downregulated:
- IL1
- TNFalpha
- iNOS
- COX2
* anti-
inflammatory
"
Ibuprofen COX
* mild anti-platelet
effect
* arthritis
* antipyretic
Icatibant
pepti
domi
metic
B2R antagonist
* inhibits
bradykinin!!!
* allergic
disease
* asthma
Omalizumab AB IgE opsonises
* "~zumab" = fully
humanised AB
* IgE
mediated
asthma
Dexamethason
e
cortic
oster
oid
GCR-alpha
inhibit enzymes,
transcription
factor, long
acting
"
* anti-
inflammatory
"
Loratidine H1R antagonist 3rd generation antihistamine cardiosafe
well abs,
metabolised in
liver, excreted
in urine
Mepyramine H1R antagonist 1st generation antihistamine
cross BBB -->
sedate
well abs,
metabolised in
liver, excreted
in urine
Methotrexate
folate
antagonist
inhibits folate
synthesis
* DMARD
* cytotoxic and
immunosuppressant
activity
rheumatoid
arthritis
Metocloprami
de
D2R antagonist
Metronidazole kill h.pylori antibiotic
stomach
ulcers
Misoprostol NSAID
Sirolimus mTOR inhibitor
* major regulator of
cell growth and
proliferation,
upstream of PKB
immunosuppr
essant
Alemtuzumab AB CD52 opsonises * "Campath"
* B-cell
lymphoma
* MS
Omeprazole PPI inhibitor
stomach
ulcers
Ondansetron 5-HT3R antagonist antiemetic
Paracetamol COX
* detail not well
understood, perhaps
via COX3
* CNS effects
* antipyretic and
analgesic but less
anti-inflammatory
* antipyretic
* analgesic
* gastric
ulcers, GI
damage,
bleeding
anaemia
* nephropathy
* prolonged
gestation
Penicillamine
dimet
hyl-
cystei
ne,
chelat
or
reduces T-cell
numbers, inhibits
macrophage
function
* DMARD
* penicillin derivative
without antibiotic
function
* no general anti-
inflammatory action
* slow onset
* monitor blood
rheumatoid
arthritis
* blood
dyscrasia
* liver cirrhosis
* rashes
* stomatitis
* don't
combined with
gold!
Phenothiazine D2R antagonist
Cromolyn
sodium
leukotriene
receptor
antagonist
* interferes with
mediator release
* mast cell stabiliser
Promethazine H1R antagonist 1st generation antihistamine
cross BBB -->
sedate
well abs,
metabolised in
liver, excreted
in urine
Ranitidine H2R antagonist
stomach
ulcers
Rapamycin mTOR inhibitor
* major regulator of
cell growth and
proliferation,
upstream of PKB
immunosuppr
essant
Salbutamol
Scopolamine mAchR antagonist
Azathioprine
purin
e
analo
gue
purine
synthesis
inhibitor
* inhibitor of DNA
synthesis
immunosuppr
essant
* bone
marrow
depression
Sodium
cromoglicate
leukotriene
receptor
antagonist
* interferes with
mediator release
* mast cell stabiliser
Sulfasalazine
sulfon
amide
and
salicyl
ate
unkown, but
interferes with
lymphocyte
function, toxic
oxygen
scavenger?
* DMARD
* induces remission
* monitor blood!
rheumatoid
arthritis
GI disturbance,
headache,
leukopenia,
skin rxns,
reduced sperm
count, bone
marrow
suppression,
anaphylaxia,
.
Sumatriptan
trip-
tans
5-HT1R agonist * therapeutic
Mycophenolat
e sodium
inosine
monophospha
te
dehydrogenas
e, purine
synthesis
inhibitor
* inhibitor of DNA
synthesis
immunosuppr
essant
Terfenadine H1R antagonists 2nd generation antihistamine
cardiac
toxicity with
P450 inhibitor
such as
grapefruit
juice
well abs,
metabolised in
liver, excreted
in urine
Zafirlukast
leukotriene
receptor
antagonist * Asthma
Zileuton
5-
lipoxygenase
inhibitor * Asthma
Valproic acid
histone
deacetylase
inhibitor * preventative
Ipratropium mAChR antagonist
* reduces Ca2+
release -->
relaxation
* COPD!
Theophylline
beta2
adrenoR
agonist
* increases cAmp
mediated relaxation
Filtering
To visualise the individual groups of
drugs, click on the arrows in the far
right column named "tag1" and select
the custom filter. Select "contains" and
enter your search term. You can now
reorder the drugs using "tag2". Click on
the arrows and select "sort ascending".
Now you can print your subset of drugs.
Select the desired pages.
tag1 tag2 tag3 tag 4 tag 5
AB 1
AB 2
ae 1
RA
ae 6
NSAID
IS 1
NSAID
RA
H2 1
H2 4
steroid,
asthma
1
IS 2
steroid,
asthma
2
H1 6
migraine
H1 4
RA
steroid,
asthma
3
NSAID
AB 3
steroid,
asthma
4
H1 5
H1, ae 1
RA
ae 3
H2 5
IS 3
AB 4
H2 3
ae 2
NSAID
RA
ae 4
asthma 5
H1 2
H2 2
IS 4
ae 5
IS 5
asthma 6
RA
migraine
IS 6
H1 3
NSAID,
asthma
7
NSAID,
asthma
8
migraine
asthma 9
asthma 10
Edwardson Chemotherapy
p Drug Class Target
Mechanism
of Action
Points of Interest Application Indication Side-effects Metabolism
p.38 Cyclophosphamide
nitrog
en-
musta
rd
DNA * alkylating
* reactive
* prodrug, converted in liver to
active form
* CC phase unspecific
* cpa in particular:
- pronounced effect on
lymphocytes, immunosuppressant
chemotherapy:
lymphoid,
leukaemia,
breast, lung,
ovary,
endometrium
most
commonly
used
* depress bone
marrow
* GI disturbances
* gametogenesis
depression
* leukaemia
well absorbed
orally, liver
metabolism
activates it
p.38
Melphalan
L-Phe mustard!!!,
derivative of
Mechlorethamine
nitrog
en-
musta
rd
DNA * alkylating
* designed to be tissue
specific
* F = melanin precursor =>
accumulates in melanomas!
chemotherapy for
melanoma,
chronic myeloid
leukaemia
p.38
Mechlorethamine,
nitrogen-mustard
proper
nitrog
enmu
stard
DNA,
guanine
* alkylating
* chlorethyl side-chain can
form cyclic immonium ion
(hetero(N)-cyclo-propyl)
* attacks guanine at 7-
nitrogen
* 2nd R-group can do the
same with the adjacent
strand => intra and inter
xlink!
chemotherapy,
lymphoma, skin
lymphoma,
melanoma,
kidney and lung
tumours, brain
cancers as can
treat BBB
effects:
* xlinks to same
strand or different
one
* if single strand
then introduces
anomalous bp
with T
* GC => AT!
Contents of Edwardson Lecture series on Chemotherapy:
This is another massive handout. Even though the section on drug resistance is relatively short,
make sure you learn it well. A disproportionately large amount on questions deal with drug
resistance.
- antibiotics
- antifungals
- antivirals
- anticancer agents

Legend

NO colour coding here because there is
so much overlap!


Filtering
To visualise the individual groups of
drugs, click on the arrows in the far
right column named "tag1" and select
the custom filter. Select "contains" and
enter your search term. You can now
reorder the drugs using "tag2". Click on
the arrows and select "sort ascending".
Now you can print your subset of drugs.
Select the desired pages.
p Drug Class Target
Mechanism
of Action
Points of Interest Application Indication Side-effects Metabolism
p.38 Lomustine
nitros
o-
ureas
DNA
* alkylating
* carbamoy-
lating
* lipid soluble and crosses
BBB
* interstrand xlinks N7 and
O6
* reactive intermediate:
carbonium ion
chemotherapy,
esp. brain
p.38 Cisplatin
platin
um
comp
ounds
DNA * alkylating
* intrastrand xlink between
two neighbouring
guanidines
* local DNA denaturation
* cis-form = active
chemotherapy,
ovary and testes,
sarcomas,
carcinomas,
lymphomas
* severe
nausea, treat
with
ondansetron
* tinnitus

Clearance tag1 tag2 tag3 tag 4 tag 5
cancer covalent 1
cancer covalent 2
cancer covalent 3
Filtering
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drugs, click on the arrows in the far
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the arrows and select "sort ascending".
Now you can print your subset of drugs.
Select the desired pages.
Clearance tag1 tag2 tag3 tag 4 tag 5
cancer covalent 4
cancer covalent 6
Vaughan Williams Drugs OVERVIEW
GROU
P
Drug Class Target
Mechanism
of Action
Points of
Interest
Application Indication
Side-
effects
Meta-
bolism
Ia
Procaine-
amide
* lengthen AP
Ia Quinidine Ester
Voltage-
sensitive Na+
channel
physically
blocks
channel
* lengthen AP
* use-
dependent at
low rates of
stimulation
* local
anaesthetic
*
antiarrhythmi
* CNS
* cardio-
vascular
Ib
Lidocaine/lig
nocaine
Amineester
Voltage-
sensitive Na+
channel
physically
blocks
channel:
stabilises
inactivated
state
* shorten AP
* weak base
(+active,
neutral can
cross
membrane,
active from
inside)
* inhibits C
and Ad fibres
best (=small)
* use-
dependent at
high rates of
stimulation
* local
anaestetic
*
antiarrhythmi
c
* used for
neuropathic
pain
* can give per
IV
* CNS
* cardio-
vascular
Ic Flecainide
* no effect on
length of AP
GROU
P
Drug Class Target
Mechanism
of Action
Points of
Interest
Application Indication
Side-
effects
Meta-
bolism
II Atenolol
beta1
adrenoR (little
bit beta2)
antagonist
* pretty beta1
selective
II Bisoprolol beta1 adrenoR antagonist
* third
generation
* chronic
heart failure
* over-
inhibition
II
Butaxamine
/Butoxamine
beta1 and
beta2
adrenoR
antagonist
* pretty beta2
selective
* beta2 >
II Carvedilol
alpha1, beta1,
beta2 adrenoR
antagonist
* third
generation
* third
generation
* chronic
heart failure
* over-
inhibition
II Labetalol
alpha1, beta1
and beta2
adrenoR
antagonist
* four isomers
with different
actions
* does not
bind alpha2 R
* treat
hypertension
in pregnancy
II Propranolol beta adrenoR antagonist * beta1=beta2 * beta blocker
III Amiodarone
* beta-blocker
and K+-ch
blocker-like
actions in
nodes
* resembles
thyrroid
hormone ->
toxicity
* class III anti-
dyshythmic
* thyrroid
problems
GROU
P
Drug Class Target
Mechanism
of Action
Points of
Interest
Application Indication
Side-
effects
Meta-
bolism
IV Amlodipine DHP
Voltage-
sensitive
Ca2+ channel
(L-type)
Antagonist
* highly lipid
solumble as
aromatic
* favours
mode 0
(closed)
* Calcium
antagonist
IV Bay K 8644 DHP
Voltage-
sensitive
Ca2+ channel
(L-type)
Agonist (to
Nifedipine)
* highly lipid
solumble as
aromatic
* favours
mode 2 (open)
IV Nifedipine DHP
Voltage-
sensitive
Ca2+ channel
(L-type)
Antagonist
(of Bay K
8644)
* highly lipid
solumble as
aromatic
* favours
mode 0
(closed)
* Calcium
antagonist
* more effect
on vascular
smooth
muscle
* reflex
tachycardia
IV
Diltiazem
(IV)
benzo-
thiazepine
Voltage-
sensitive
Ca2+ channel
(L-type)
Antagonist
* rate neutral
* more effect
on smooth
muscle in
comparison to
Verapamil
* Calcium
antagonist
* rate
neutral
* side-
effects
from
vasodilatio
n: flushing,
headache
* well
absorbed
in GI -->
given by
mouth
* exten-
sively
metabolis
ed
GROU
P
Drug Class Target
Mechanism
of Action
Points of
Interest
Application Indication
Side-
effects
Meta-
bolism
IV
Verapamil
(IV)
phenylalkyla
mine
Voltage-
sensitive
Ca2+ channel
(L-type)
blocker
* slows heart
rate
* negative
inotropic
action
* Calcium
antagonist
* affects heart
muscle more
than
vasculature
* by mouth
*SVT but
Adenosine
used instead
* AV block
and cardiac
slowing but
reflexes act
against
*
constipatio
n
Clearance
* esters
rapidly
hydrolysed by
esterases
* amides
metabolised in
liver
Clearance
Clearance
Clearance
Toxins OVERVIEW
Makes sure you learn your toxins, they LOVE them for the exam!
p Drug Class Target Mechanism of Action Points of Interest Application Indication
Curare nicotinic AchR Antagonist
* south-american arrow
poison
p.4
d-Tubo-
curarine
nicotinic AChR Antagonist
* active substance of
Curare
alpha-
Bungarotoxin
nicotinic AchR at
NMJ and brain
alpha5!
irreversible inhibitor
* snake poison
* works at NMJ but not
on ganglionic receptors or
in the brain
p.10
beta-
Bungarotoxin
localises to
K+channel in the
membrane
blocks ACh release (check
wikipedia, as it says the
opposite!), has phospholipase
A2 activity
* snake poison
p.10
alpha-
latrotoxin
neurexins (TM
proteins on the
nerve membrane)
and latrophillins
* neurexins help glue together
neurons at the synapse
* causes insertion into the
membrane => pore formation
* massive ACh release
* black widow spider
toxin
p.10
Botulinum
toxins
cleaves SNARES,
e.g. synaptobrevin
blocks ACh release in
cholinergic neuron, e.g. aMN
* AB toxin
* causes muscle weakness
p.7 Tetanus toxin
cleaves (?)
SNARES, e.g.
synaptobrevin
blocks Ach release in
inhibitory inter-neuron
* AB toxin
* causes muscle spasm
and suppression of PNS
p.15 Cholera toxin
alpha S subunit of
G-protein
ribosylates GDP to render the
adenylyl cyclase always "on"
p.15 Pertussis toxin
alpha i subunit of
G-protein
ribosylates GDP to render the
adenylyl cyclase always "off"
p.24 Tetrodotoxin guanidinium
Voltage-sensitive
Na+ channel
physically blocks channel * no use-dependence
* from japanese puffer
fish
* works exclusively from
the EC side
Ouabain Na+/K+ ATPase inhibitor
* similar to action of
cardiac glycosides
Makes sure you learn your toxins, they LOVE them for the exam!
Side-effects Metabolism
* paralysis
* respiratory
failure
*resp failure
muscle weakness
muscle spasm
Drug Class Target Mechanism of Action
Drug Class Target Mechanism of Action
Adrenaline
Carvedilol
Clonidine
Doxazosin
Ergotamine
Guanfacine
Idazoxan
Labetalol
Methyl NA
Noradrenaline
Octopamine
Phenoxybenzam
ine
Phentolamine
Phenylephrine
Prazosin
Xylazine
Yohimbine
tag1 tag2 tag3 tag4 tag5 tag6 LECTURER
tag1 tag2 tag3 tag4 tag5 tag6 LECTURER
adreno alpha beta Edwardson1
adreno alpha beta Edwardson1
adreno alpha Edwardson1
adreno alpha Edwardson1
adreno alpha Edwardson1
adreno alpha Edwardson1
adreno alpha Edwardson1
adreno alpha Edwardson1
adreno alpha Edwardson1
adreno alpha beta Edwardson1
adreno alpha beta Edwardson1
adreno alpha Edwardson1
adreno alpha Edwardson1
adreno alpha Edwardson1
adreno alpha Edwardson1
adreno alpha Edwardson1
adreno alpha Edwardson1
SERIES NUMBER
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