EXAM MASTER Corporation – Retired questions – NOT for resale

#1
The acrosome (acrosomal cap), a cap like organelle of the sperm, contains:
A. Hyaluronidase.
B. Acrosin.
C. Mitochondria.
D. Nucleus.
E. A + B are correct.
F. All of the above.

#2
Which of the following tissue is derived from the ectoderm?
A. Meninges of the brain and spinal cord
B. Mammary glands
C. Pigment cells of the dermis
D. Parenchyma of the tonsils
E. All of the above
F. Only A + B + C are correct

#3
Pulmonary venules are constricted by:
A. Serotonin.
B. Histamine.
C. E- Coli endotoxin.
D. All of the above.
E. None of the above.
F. Only A + B are correct.

#4
The part of the neuron where a graded impulse is converted into an all-or-none impulse is:
A. The neurotransmitter receptor
B. The nodes of Ranvier
C. The dendrite
D. The presynaptic bouton
E. None of the above

#5
Which of the following are true with respect to parathyroid hormone?
1. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) primarily regulates calcium and phosphate levels in blood.
2. PTH is regulated by positive feedback mechanism based on serum calcium level.
3. PTH reduces the reabsorption of phosphate in the renal tubules.
4. PTH increase intestinal absorption of calcium through activation of vitamin D.
5. PTH acts on the distal tubule in the kidney to decrease tubular reabsorption of calcium.
A. 1, 2, and 3
B. 1, 2, 3, and 4
C. 1, 3, and 5
D. 1, 3, and 4

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#6
Which of the following are true in respect to the thymus?
1. The thymus is differentiated sufficiently to participate in immune response by the 12th week
of gestation.
2. In the fetus, the thymus is the major source of lymphocytes.
3. Removal of the thymus may result in decrease in lymphocytes.
4. Precursor pro-thymocyte migrate from the bone marrow where it differentiates into T cells.
5. Each T cell is programmed in the thymus as to which antigens it will react.
A. 1,2,and 3
B. 1, 3, and 4
C. 2, 4, and 5
D. 2, 3, 4, and 5
E. All of the items listed are true

#7
The basic unit of structure in the human is the cell. Which of the following cell organelles is
responsible for synthesis of proteins.
1. Ribosomes
2. Endoplasmic reticulum
3. Golgi complex
4. Mitochondria
5. Lysosomes
A. 1, 2, and 3
B. 1, 3, and 4
C. 1 and 2
D. 2, 3, and 4

#8
Changes in membrane potential are necessary for nerve and muscle conduction. Which of the
following items are characteristic of the action potential?
1. Action potential is elicited with a sudden change in membrane permeability to sodium ions.
2. During the resting phase, the membrane has a large negative electrical potential.
3. During the repolarization phase, sodium channels close and potassium permeability
increases.
4. During the repolarization phase, there is a significant flow of potassium ions into the cell.
5. During the relative refractory period, the membrane cannot be re-excited.
A. 1 and 2
B. 1 and 3
C. 1, 2, and 3
D. 1, 3, and 4

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#9
The process of aging has been a scientific mystery for generations. Which of the following
theories accounts for the aging process?
1. Involution of thymus gland, which negatively impacts the immune system.
2. Cellular damage due to the presence of free radicals in the body.
3. Accumulated damage to vital control mechanisms.
4. Programmed changes within the genetic mechanism.
A. 1, 3, and 4
B. 2, 3, and 4
C. 3, and 4
D. 1 and 4

#10
Which of the following are true in regard to precocious puberty?
1. Adrenal tumors may cause precocious sexual development.
2. Sexual development is considered precocious when it occurs before the age of 8 years old
in females and 9 years old in males.
3. Tumors of the CNS can cause precocious puberty.
4. Individuals with precocious puberty are usually short as adults.
A. 1 and 3
B. 1, 2, and 3
C. 2 and 3
D. 2, 3, and 4
E. All of the items are true.

#11
Synaptic transmission involves which of the following functions?
1. Average conduction time across a chemical synapse requires approximately 0.3
milliseconds.
2. Hypopolarization increases the excitability of the neuron.
3. Calcium ions are released at the presynaptic surface.
4. Neurotransmitters act at the receptor sites to continue impulse conduction.
5. The action of the neurotransmitter is dependent upon to which receptor it binds.
A. 1, 3, 4, and 5
B. 2, 4, and 5
C. 3, 4, and 5
D. 3, 4 and 5
E. All of the items listed are true.

#12
Which of the following is true in respect to the optics of the eye?
1. Greatest refractive power occurs in the cornea.
2. Greatest refractive power is in the lens.
3. Accommodation occurs by relaxation of the ciliary muscles.
4. Accommodation brings near objects into focus.
5. The fovea is the central focus point when eyes are directed in a fixed gaze.

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A. 1, 2, and 3
B. 2, 3, and 4
C. 1, 4, and 5
D. 2, 4, and 5
E. 1, 3, and 4

#13
Endogenous opioids secreted by the body activate opioid receptors. Which of the following
substances act in this capacity?
1. Enkephalin
2. Dynorphin
3. Beta-endorphin
4. Substance-P
5. Naloxone
A. 1, 3, and 4
B. 1, 2, and 3
C. 1, 2, and 4
D. 2, 3, and 4

#14
If present on the microscopic slide, an excellent diagnostic clue for the identification of the
duodenum is the presence of:
A. The choledochoduodenal junction.
B. Sphincter of Oddi.
C. Peyer’s patches.
D. Both A and B.
E. Both A and C.

#15
Which of the following pertain(s) to elasticity in the lung?
1. In conditions that decrease the distensibility of the lung, the elastic recoil exceeds that of the
normal lung.
2. Collagen fibers in the lung parenchyma limit over-expansion .
3. Elastin fibers in the lung parenchyma permit the lung to expand.
4. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease such as emphysema reduces the distensibility of the
lung.
A. 1, 2, and 3
B. 1 and 3
C. 2 and 4
D. 4 only
E. 1, 2, 3, and 4

#16
The accompanying graphs show expiratory flow-volume loops of a normal subject and three
patients with different pulmonary dysfunctions. (Assume all data was obtained through
identical test methods.) Patient A exhibits a low flow rate relative to lung volume. What

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factor(s) could account for this anomaly?

1. Lung static recoil pressures are high
2. Hypertrophy of airway walls
3. Lung compliance is reduced
4. Accumulation of material in the airway lumen
5. Parenchymal destruction allows airways to collapse

A. 1 and 3
B. 2 and 3
C. 3, 4, and 5
D. 2, 3, and 4
E. 2, 4, and 5

#17
Which of the following are true of the oculomotor nerve?
1. Emerges from the brain stem medial to the cerebral peduncle.
2. Divides into superior and inferior division.
3. Supplies all of the muscles of the globe.
4. Inferior division supplies the medial rectus, inferior rectus, and inferior oblique.
5. Superior division supplies the superior rectus, superior oblique, and lateral rectus.
A. 1, 2, and 3
B. 2, 3, and 5
C. 1, 3, and 5
D. 1, 2, and 4
E. 2, 4, and 5

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#18
Which of the following are true regarding the vestibulocochlear nerve?
1. The origin of cochlear fibers are in the spiral ganglion.
2. The vestibular part is concerned with equilibrium.
3. After passing through the internal acoustic meatus it divides into superior and inferior
divisions.
4. The superior division consists of cochlear fibers.
5. The inferior division supplies the maculae of the utricle.
A. 1, 2, and 3
B. 2, 3, and 4
C. 1, 3, and 5
D. 2 and 4
E. 3 and 5

#19
Which of the following are true regarding cell senescence?
1. The primary difference between normal cell and senescent cell is the ability to reproduce.
2. Senescence is a reversible stage in the life of a cell.
3. Senescent cells produce an enzyme, beta galactosidase, which is not present in normal
cells.
4. Cells immune to senescence exist as recessive phenotype.

A. 1 and 2
B. 1 and 3
C. 2 and 4
D. 1, 3, and 4
E. All of the items listed are true.

#20
Which of the following are true of the thymus?
1. Virtually all of the T-cells are produced by the thymus.
2. It produces thymosin, a hormone which facilitates learning and maturation of lymphocytes.
3. The thymus is differentiated sufficiently to participate in immune response by the 12th week
of gestation.
4. The thymus is critical for the development of immune competence because of its primary
role in the differentiation of T lymphocytes.

A. 1 and 2
B. 2 and 4
C. 1, 2, and 3
D. 2, 3, and 4
E. All of the items listed are true.

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#21
Which of the following pituitary gonadotropins shows a significant response to stress?
A. Adrenocorticotropic hormone
B. Thyrotropic hormone
C. Gonadotropic hormone
D. Somatotropic hormone
E. All of the above

#22
The part of the uterus in the attached photomicroscopic image that is lost (sloughed off) during
the menses is:

A. A
B. B
C. Both A & B
D. Neither A nor B is lost during menstruation.

#23
The cell layer in the attached photomicroscopic image which becomes discontinuous in the
mature placenta is best identified with the:
A. Letter e
B. Letter d
C. Unlabeled arrowheads

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