Solutions HWT DC 2

Vidyamandir Classes
VMC/Differential Calculus - 2 33 Solutions to HWT-4/Mathematics

Solutions to Home Work Test-4/Mathematics
3.(D)
3
2
10
x
y
x
=

, ) , )
, ) , )
2 3
2 3
2 2
3 10 1
30 2
2
10 10

= =

x x x
dy x x
y
dx
x x
or
, )
, )
2 3
2
15
10
x x
dy
dx
x y
slope of tangent = 2
equation of tangent is , ) , ) 5 2 5 y x = or 2 5 y x =
, )
2
2 2
2 5 4 25 20 y x x x = = +
For co-ordinates of Q
3
2
4 25 20
10
x
x x
x
+ =

2 3 2 3
40 250 200 4 25 20 x x x x x x + + =
3 2
5 60 225 250 0 x x x + =
3 2
12 45 50 0 x x x + = 2 x = and 1 y =
4.(C)
1
2 2
1 1
2 1
4 1
0 1 0 1 1
2
1 4 0 1
1
<
| | | |
< < + +
= + = | |

| |
< < \ . \ .
>
tan x x
x x x
y cos ec sec
x
x tan x x
x
2
2
4
1
1
0 1 0
0
4
0 1
1
0 1

<
< <
' ' = =
< <
>
x
x
x
y y
x
x
x
for , ) , ) 1 0 1 x , , e
5.(BC) For f (x) to be defined
2
2
0
16
x
> or
2
2
16
x

s or
4 4
x ,
1
e
(
]
Now, according to the question
2
2
0
16 4
x ,
1
e
(
]
or
2
2
0 1
16
tan x ,
| |
|
e 1
]
|
\ .
or , ) f x A' e
, ) 1 max f x 1 =
]
maximum value of , )
1
f x

1
]
is not defined.
9.(A) , )
, )
3
4 2
42 80 32 f x x x x = +
, )
, ) , )
2
4 2 3
3 42 80 32 4 84 80 f x x x x x x ' = +
, ) 0 f x ' >
, )
, ) , ) , )
3
4 21 20 0 4 1 4 5 0 x x x x x > + + >
, ) , ) 4 1 5 x , , e
So f (x) is monotonically increasing in , ) , ) 4 1 5 x , , e
Differential Calculus - 2 HWT - 1
Vidyamandir Classes
10.(ABD) The graph of f (x) is
1.(BC) Let , ) f x ax b = + , )
1
x b
f x
a

= , )
1
x b
f x
a

=
Slope of , ) y f x = is a and that of , )
1
= y f x is
1
a
f (x) and , )
1
f x
are orthogonal.
Similarly , ) f x and , )
1
f x
are orthogonal
5.(B) As x = a is a point of inflection, the first non-zero derivative at x = a should be of odd order.
m should be odd.
Also, n should be even, otherwise x = b will be another point of inflection.
7.(A)
2 3
14 10x x x + is a decreasing function as its derivative is always negative
it will have minimum value at x = 1
, ) 1 14 10 1 1 4 f = + =
Now for this value to be minimum
, )
2
10
4 1 log p > (As
, )
2
10
4 log p is an increasing function)
2
4 10 p > or
2
14 p > . For domain
2 2
4 0 4 p p > >
1.(C)
2
3 4 1 3
dy
x x
dx
= =
2
2
3
x ,

=
2.(A) Let line be y = mx.
2 3
dy
x m
dx
= + =
, ) 2 3 y x x = +
2
2 3 y x x = +
Solve two equations to get :
2 2
2 3 3 4 x x x x + = + +
2
4 x = 2 x =
Vidyamandir Classes
3.(A) , ) , ) f x sin cos x sin x ' =
In , ) 0
2
, f x
| |
'
|
\ .
is negative In , ) 0
2
, f x
| |
'
|
\ .
is positive.
In , )
2
, f x
| |
'
|
\ .
is negative. (A) option is not correct.
7.(A) 88 a b + = Area , ) 88 b b =
Will be maximum when 88 b b =
44 44 b a = =
, )
2
44 121 16 1936 A = = =
8.(C) , )
2
2
1
1
x x
f x
x
+
' =
+
2
1 0 x x + > and
2
1 0 x x R + > e
1.(D) For f (x) to have local maxima or local minima, we have to check by nth derivative test.
2.(D) , )
, )
, ) , )
2
6 2 6 2 1 f x x x x x ' = = +
f (x) has local maximum at 1 x =
And f (x) is increasing from 2 to 1 and 2 to 4
f (x) will have maximum at either 4 or 1 . Check f (4) and , ) 1 f to get values.
5.(C) , )
, )
2
ad bc
f x
c sin x d cos x
' =
+
, ) 0 f x ' < for bc ad >
6.(B) , ) , )
2
2 2 4 1 = + + f x n x x x
Domain is : x > 2 (as log takes positive inputs)
, )
, ) , )
, )
3 1
2
2 4 2
2 2
x x
f x x
x x

' = + =

For f (x) to increase , ) 0 f x ' >
, ) , )
, )
2 3 1
0
2
x x
x

>

, ) , )
, )
3 1
0
2
x x
x

<
But x > 2 2 0 x > and 1 0 x >

, ) 3 0 3 x x < < Hence , ) 2 3 x , e
9.(D) , )
1 2 1 0 (decreasing)
1 0 1 (constant)
2 1 1 2 (increasing)
x x
f x x
x x
< <
= < <
< <

Vidyamandir Classes
1.(A) In Module
2.(C)
1
0
2
dy cos x
dx x sin x
+
= =
+
1 cos x = 0 sin x =
2
0 y x y x = + = parabola
7.(B) , )
, ) , )
, )
, )
, )
2
2
2 3 3 3 2 1
3
x x x x
f x
x
+
' =
, )
, )
2
2
6 7
3
x x
f x
x
+
' =
for x > 3
Has local minima at 3 2 x = +
, )
, ) , )
1 2 2 2
2 2 3 2
3 2 2
2 2
f x
+ +
+ +
= = = +
8.(B) , ) , ) 2 2 1 0 f x x nx x x nx ' = + = + =
, ) 0 f x ' = at
1
0 x , x
e
= = but both are < 1
For 1 x , e e 1
]
f (x) is increasing
f
min
at 1 x = and f
max
at x = e f
min
= 0 , )
2 2
1
max
f e e = =
9.(B) See from graph :
1
cos x
1
=
]
1
sin x
1
=
]
1 1 x sin , e 1
]
[As sin 1 > cos 1]
3.(A)
, )
, )
3 3 3 3
1 1 1 1 1
1
2
1 1 1 1 1
dy dy
dx dx
x x x
= = = = =
+ + + +
4.(CD) 0 x = is not in domain .
5.(B) , )
4 3 2
5 20 15 f x x x x ' = +
, )
, ) , )
2 2 2
5 4 3 5 3 1 x x x x x x 1 = + =
]
Maximum at 1 and minimum at 3.
1 3 p , q = =
Vidyamandir Classes
6.(C) By graph 7.(C) , ) , )
1 1
1 1
x x
lim f x lim f x
+

= = discontinuous
8.(D)
3
1
2
x a cos x + =
And derivative also equal.
3
2 3
sin x x

= =
1
2 2 3
a
+ =
1
2 2 3
a

=
10.(C) , )
2 2x
f x x e
=
, ) , )
2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2 1
x x x x
f x xe x e e x x e x x

1
' = = =
]
, ) 0 f x ' = at 0 1 x , x = = f (x) is increasing in 0 1 x < < and decreasing in , ) , ) 0 1 x , , e
Maximum at x = 1
, )
, ) 2 2 1
2
1
1
max
f e
e
= =
1.(C) , ) , ) , ) 4 2 g x f x f x ' ' ' = +
, ) , ) , ) 0 4 2 g x f x f x ' ' ' > + >
4 2 x x + > [As , ) f x ' is increasing x R e as , ) 0 f x x R > e '' ]
1 x > , ) 1 x , e
2.(D) Graph is
6 solutions
3.(B) Do by graph. (Discontinuity at only 1 x = ).
4.(C) f (x) is continuous but not diff. as
, ) , )
0 0 x x
f x f x
+

= ' '
5.(A) 4 2 0 x y xy yy = ' '
, ) 2 4 y x y x y + =

, ) , )
, ) , ) , )
4 1 2 4 6
1 2 2
2 1 2 2 1 4
x y
y x , y
x y

= = = = = = = '
+ +
Vidyamandir Classes
6.(D) Make it , ) 1

form
1 a =
Now check it
2
1
x
x
x
lim
x
| |
=
|
\ .

, )
, ) , )
1
1 1
1 1
1
1
x x
x
x x
x x
lim lim e
x e

| |
= = =
|
\ .
None of these
7.(AC) Let , )
1 1
P x , y be the required point. The given curve is
3 2
2 y x x x = . . . .(i)
, )
1 1
2 2
1 1
3 4 1 3 4 1
x , y
dy dy
x x x x
dx dx
| |
= =
|
\ .
Since the tangent at , )
1 1
x , y is parallel to the line 3 2 y x = .
Slope of the tangent at , )
1 1
x , y = slope of the line 3 2 y x =
, )
1
1 1
2
1
3 3 4 1 3
x , y
dy
x x
dx
| |
= =
|
\ .
. , ) , )
2
1 1 1 1 1
2
3 4 4 0 2 3 2 0 2
3
x x x x x ,

= + = =
Since , )
1 1
x , y lies on (i), therefore
3 2
1 1 1 1
2 y x x x = .
When , )
2
3
1 1
2 2 2 2 2 2 x ; y = = =
When
3 2
1 1
2 2 2 2 14
2
3 3 3 3 27
x , y
| | | |
= = + =
| |
\ . \ .
Thus, the required points are , ) 2 2 , and
2 14
3 27
,
| |
|
\ .
8.(B) Let , )
1 1
x , y be the point of intersection of the curves.
Then
2 2
1 1
1 ax by + = . . . .(iii)
2 2
1 1
1 a x b y ' ' + = . . . .(iv)
Differentiating (i) w.r.t. x, we get :
2 2 0
dy dy ax
ax by
dx dx by
+ = =
, )
1 1
1
1
1 x , y
ax dy
m
dx by
| |
= =
|
\ .
. . . .(v)
Differentiating (ii) w.r.t. x, we obtain
2 2 0
dy dy a x
a x b y
dx dx b y
'
' ' + = =
'
, ) 1 1
1
2
1 x , y
a x dy
m
dx b y
'
| |
= =
|
'
\ .
. . . .(vi)
The two curves will intersect orthogonally, if
1 1
1 2
1 1
1 1
ax a x
m m
by b y
'
= =
'
2 2
1 1
aa x bb y ' ' = . . . .(vii)
Subtracting (iv) from (iii), we obtain
, ) , )
2 2
1 1
a a x b b y = ' ' . . . .(viii)
Dividing (viii) by (vii), we get :
1 1 1 1 a a b b
aa bb a b a b
' '
= =
' ' ' '
Vidyamandir Classes
9.(D)
2 2
4
4 9 36 8 18 0
9
dy dy y
x y x y
dx dx y
= = =
Slope of the tangent
4
9
x
y
=
For this tangent to be perpendicular to the straight line 5 2 10 0 x y + = , we must have
4 5 10
1
9 2 9
x x
y
y
= =
Putting this value of y in
2 2
4 9 36 x y = , we get
2
64 324 x = , which does not have real roots. Hence, at no points on the given
curve can the tangent be perpendicular to the given line.
10.(C) Solving the two equations, we get :
, )
2
1 0 0 0 1 x y xy xy x x , y , x = = = = = .
Since y = 0 does not satisfy the two equations. So, we neglect it. Putting x = 0 in the either equation, we get y = 1.
Now, putting x = 1 in one of the two equations we obtain
1
2
y = .
Thus, the two curves intersect at (0, 1) and
1
1
2
,
| |
|
\ .
Now,
2
1 x y y =
2
2
2
2
1
dy dy dy xy
x xy
dx dx dx
x
+ = =
+

, ) 0 1
0
,
dy
dx
| |
=
|
\ .
and
, ) 1 1 2
1
2
,
dy
dx
| |
=
|
\ .
The equations of the required tangents are
, ) 1 0 0 y x = and , )
1 1
1
2 2
y x
= y = 1 and 2 2 0 x y + =
These two tangents intersect at (0, 1).
1.(C)
1 3 1 3 1 3 2 3 2 3
1 1
0
3 2
dy
x y a x y
dx

+ = + =
, )
2 3 2 3
2 3 2 3
8 8
1
a , a
dy x y dy
dx dx
y x
| |
= = =
|
\ .
The equation of the tangent at
8 8
a a
,
| |
|
\ .
is given by
1
8 8
a a
y x
| |
=
|
\ .
or 0
4
a
x y + =
The x and y intercepts of this line on the coordinate axes are each equal to
4
a
. So, we have
2 2
2 4
4 4
a a
a
| | | |
+ = =
| |
\ . \ .
2.(A) We have
3 2
3 2 0 x xy + = . . . .(i) and
2 3
3 2 0 x y y = . . . .(ii)
Differentiating (i) and (ii) with respect to x, we obtain
1
2 2
2
c
dy x y
dx xy
| |
=
|
\ .
and
2
2 2
2
c
dy xy
dx
x y
| |
=
|
\ .
1 2
1
c c
dy dy
dx dx
| | | |
=
| |
\ . \ .
Hence, the two curves cut at right angles.
Vidyamandir Classes
3.(C) We have,
0
dy
dx
= at (0, 1) and , ) 1 0 ,
0 c = and 4 3 0 a b c + = 4 3 0 a b = and 0 c =
3
4
b
a = and 0 c = . . . .(i)
Also, the curve passes through (0, 1) and , ) 1 0 ,
1 d = and 0 a b c d = +
1 0 a b c + = . . . .(ii)
From (i) and (ii), we get : 3 4 0 a , b , c = = = and d = 1
4 3 3 2
3 4 1 12 12
dy
y x x x x
dx
= + + = +
Now,
3 2
0 12 12 0 1 0 1
dy
x x x x
dx
< + < + < <
4.(A) Let , )
1 1
P x , y be any point on the curve
n n
x y a = .
Then,
1 1
n n
x y a = . . . .(i)
Now,
n n
x y a =
1
0
n n
dy
n x y x
dx
+ =
dy y
n
dx x
=
, )
1 1
1
1 x , y
ny dy
dx x
| |
=
|
\ .
, )
1 1
1
1
n
n
x , y
dy a
n
dx
x
+
| |
=
|
\ .
[Using (i)]
Then equation of the tangent at , )
1 1
P x , y is , )
1 1
1
1
n
n
n a
y y x x
x
+
=
This meets the coordinate axes at
1
1 1
1
0
n
n
x y
A x ,
na
+
| |
| +
|
\ .
and
1
1
0
n
n
n a
B , y
x
| |
| +
|
\ .
Area of , )
1
2
AOB OA OB A =
1
1 1
1 1
1
1
2
n n
n n
x y na
x y
n a x
+
| | | |
| | = + +
| |
\ . \ .
1
1
1 1
1
2
n n
n n
x a na
x
n
x x
| |
| |
| = + +
|
|
\ .
\ .
[Using (i)]
, )
2
1
1
1
1
2
n n
n
a x
n
+
=
For the area to be a constant, we must have 1 0 n = i.e. n = 1.
5.(B) We have,
x t cos t = and y t sint =
dx
cos t t sint
dt
= and
dy
sin t t cos t
dt
= +
At the origin, we have 0 0 x , y = =
0 t cos t = and 0 0 t sint t = =
Vidyamandir Classes
The slope of the tangent at t = 0 is
0
0
0
t
t
dy
dy sint t cos t
dt
dx dx cos t t sint
dt
=
=
| |
|
+ | |
= = = |
|
\ . |
|
\ .
So, the equation of the tangent at the origin is , ) 0 0 0 0 y x y = =
6.(A) Let , )
1
2
x
f x e x
= + . Then,
, )
0
1 1 2 0 f e = + =
1 x = is a real root of the equation , ) 0 f x =
Let x = be a real root of , ) 0 f x = such that 1 = .
Now, 1 1 = < or 1 >
Let us assume that 1 >
Consider the interval 1, 1
]
Clearly, , ) , ) 1 0 f f x = = . So, by Rolles theorem , ) 0 f x ' = has a root in , ) 1, . But , )
1
1 1
x
f x e

' = + > for all x.
, ) 0 f x ' = for any , ) 1 x , e
This is a contradiction. Hence, f (x) = 0 has no real root other than 1.
7.(BC) Any point on 1 xy = is
1
0 t , , t
t
| |
=
|
\ .
Now, 1 0
dy dy y
xy x y
dx dx x
= + = =
2 1
1
t ,
t
dy
dx
t
| |
|
\ .
| |
=
|
\ .
Slope of the normal at
1
t ,
t
| |
|
\ .
is
2
t .
Since 0 ax by c + + = is normal to xy = 1, therefore slope of the normal is
b
a
Thus,
2
b
t b
a
= and a are of opposite signs.
either b > 0 and a < 0 or b < 0 and a > 0.
8.(A) Since (2, 3) lies on
2 3
y px q = + , therefore
9 8p q = + . . . .(i)
2
2 3 2
3
2 3
2
dy dy px
y px q y px
dx dx y
= + = =
, ) 2 3
12
2
6
,
dy p
p
dx
| |
= =
|
\ .
Since 4 5 y x = is tangent to
2 3
y px q = + at (2, 3), therefore
, ) 2 3 ,
dy
dx
| |
|
\ .
= slope of the line 4 5 y x =
2 4 2 p p = =
Putting p = 2 in (i), we get : 7 q =
9.(D) Differentiating 0
xy
y e x + = w.r.t. x, we obtain
1 0
xy
dy dy
e x y
dx dx
| |
+ + =
|
\ .

1 1
1 1
xy xy
xy xy
dy ye dx xe
dx dy
xe ye

= =

Vidyamandir Classes
If the curve has a vertical tangent, then
1
0 1 0
xy xy
dx
xe e
dy x
= = =
Clearly y = 0, x = 1 satisfies the equations 0
xy
y e x + = and
1
xy
e
x
=
10.(B) By the algebraic meaning of Rolles theorem between any two roots of a polynomial there is always a root of its derivative.
1.(C) We have , )
x
f x
sin x
= and , )
x
g x
tan x
=
, )
2
sin x x cos x
f x
sin x
' = and , )
2
2
tan x x sec x
g x
tan x
' =
Let , ) x sin x x cos x = and , )
2
x tan x x sec x =
Then, , )
, )
2
x
f x
sin x
= and , )
, )
2
x
g x
tan x
' =
Now, , ) x cos x cos x x sin x x sin x ' = + = and , )
2 2 2 2
2 2 x sec x sec x x sec xtan x x sec xtan x ' = =
For 0 1 x < s , we have x > 0, 0 0 0 sin x , tan x sec x > > >
, ) 0 x x sin x = > and , ) 0 x ' < and 0 1 x < s , ) x is increasing on (0, 1] and , ) x is decreasing on (0, 1]
, ) , ) 0 x > and , ) , ) 0 x < , ) 0 x > and , ) 0 x <
, )
, )
2
0
x
f x
sin x
' = > and , )

, )
2
0
x
g x
tan x
= < ' f (x) is increasing on (0, 1] and g (x) is decreasing on (0, 1].
2.(B) Let , ) , ) 1 f x log x x = + . Clearly, f (x) is defined for 1 x > .
Now, , ) , ) 1 f x log x x = + , )
1
1
1 1
x
f x
x x
' = =
+ +
, ) 0 f x ' < for x > 0 and , ) 0 f x ' > for 1 0 x < <
f (x) is decreasing on ) 0,
and increasing on , 1 0 , 1
]
, ) , ) 0 f x f s for 0 x s < , ) , ) 0 f x f s for 1 0 x < s
, ) , ) 0 f x f s for 1 x < <
, ) 1 0 log x x + s for 1 x < < , ) 1 log x x + s for , ) 1 x , e
3.(BC) , ) , )
2
2 2 4 1 f x log x x x = + +
, )
2
2 4
2
f x x
x
' = +
, )
, ) , ) , )
2
1 2 1 3
2 2
2 2
x x x
f x
x x
1

(
' = =
(
]
, )
, ) , ) , )
, )
2
2 1 3 2
2
x x x
f x
x

' =
, ) , ) , ) , ) 0 2 1 3 2 0 f x x x x ' > >

, ) , ) , ) 1 2 3 0 x x x < , ) , ) 1 2 3 x , , e
Thus, f (x) is increasing on , ) , ) 1 2 3 , , . Clearly, it includes answers (B) and (C)
Vidyamandir Classes
4.(C) , )
3 2 2
5 f x x ax bx sin x = + + + is increasing on R.
, ) 0 f x ' > for all x R e
2
3 2 5 2 0 x ax b sin x + + + > for x R e
, )
2
3 2 5 0 x ax b + + > for all x R e , ) , )
2
2 4 3 5 0 a b <
2
3 15 0 a b + <
5.(BC) We have,
, ) , ) , ) , ) 1 0 f x f x log f x f x + = = =
So, f (x) is an odd function
Now, , )
3 6
1 f x log x x
| |
= + +
|
\ .
, )
5 2
2
3 6 6 6
1 6 3
3 0
1 2 1 1
x x
f ' x x
x x x x
| |
| = + = >
|
+ + + +
\ .
f (x) is increasing.
6.(B) 7.(AB)
8.(A) We have
3 2
3 6 17 y x x x = +
, )
2
2
3 6 6 3 1 1 0
dy
x x x
dx
1
= + = + >
(
]
for all x.
Hence, y increases for all values of x.
9.(C) The function , )
3
f x x = increases for all x and the function , )
2
6 15 5 g x x x = + + increases if
, )
5
0 12 15 0
4
g x x x ' > + > >
Thus, f (x) and g (x) both increase for
5
4
x >
It is given that f (x) increases less rapidly than g (x), therefore the function , ) , ) , ) x f x g x = is decreasing function, which
implies that , ) 0 x ' < .
2
3 12 15 0 x x <
2
4 5 0 x x <
, ) , ) 5 1 0 x x + < 1 5 x < <
Hence, x
3
increases less rapidly than
2
6 15 5 x x + + on the interval , ) 1 5 , .
10.(C)
1.(C) Let
1
x
x
y x
x
| |
= =
|
\ .
. Then log y xlog x =
, )
1
1
dy
log x
y dx
= + or , ) 1
dy
y log x
dx
= +
And, , ) , )
2
2
2
1 1
d y dy y y
log x y log x
dx x x
dx
= + = + , ) , )
2
2 2
1
2
1 1
x x x
d y
x log x x log x x
dx

= + +
For maximum and minimum, 0
dy
dx
=
, ) 0 1 0 1 0
dy
y log x log x
dx
= + = + =
Vidyamandir Classes
1
1
1 log x x e
e
= = =
B
e
log A B A e
1
= =
]
Also,
1 2 1 1
2
2
1
1 1 1
1
e e
x e
d y
log
e e e
dx

=
| |
| | | | | |
= + |
| | |
|
\ . \ . \ .
\ .
, )
, )
, )
1 1 1
2
1 1
1
e e
e log e e

= , )
2
1 1 1 1 1
1 1 0
e e e
e e e
+ +
= = <
2.(D) If f (x) has an extremum at
3
x

= , then :
, ) 0 f x ' = at
3
x

=
Now, , )
1
3
3
f x a sin x sin x = + , ) 3 f x a cos x cos x ' = +
0 0 2
3 3
f a cos cos a

| | | |
' = + = =
| |
\ . \ .
3.(C) We have, , )
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
x
, x
x
x
f x
x
x
, x
x

>

= =

<
Clearly, f (x) is not differentiable at x = 0 and x = 1. So, by definition, these are two of the critical points. For points other than
those two, we have
, )
3
3
2
1
2
1
x
, x
x
f x
x
, x
x
+
>
' =

<
Clearly, , ) 0 f x ' = at x = 2. So, x = 2 is also a critical point.

Hence, f (x) has three critical points, viz. 0, 1 and 2.
4.(B) We have, , ) , ) , )
1 3 1 3
1 1 f x x x = +
, )
, ) , )
, ) , )
, )
2 3 2 3
2 3 2 3 2 3
2
1 1
1 1 1
3
1 1
3 1
x x
f x
x x
x
1
+
(
' = =
(
+

]
Clearly, , ) f x ' does not exist at 1 x =
Now, , ) , ) , )
2 3 2 3
0 1 1 0 f x x x x ' = = + =
Clearly, , ) 0 f x ' = for any other value of 0 1 x , e 1
]
. The value of f (x) at 0 x = is 2.
Hence, the greatest value of f (x) is 2.
5.(C) Clearly, f (x) is a periodic function with period 2 . So, the difference between the greatest and the least values of the function f (x)
is the difference between the greatest and the least values on the interval 0 2 , 1
]
. Now, we shall find these values on the interval
0 2 , 1
]
.
We have,
, ) , ) 2 3 f x sin x sin x sin x ' = +
3 3 3
2 2
2 2 2 2
x x x x
sin cos sin cos
| |
=
|
\ .
3 3
2
2 2 2
x x x
sin cos cos
| |
=
|
\ .
3
4
2 2
x x
sin sin sin x =
Vidyamandir Classes
, )
2
0 0
3
f x x , ,
' = = and 2
Now, , ) , )
1 1 7 2 13 1
0 1
2 3 6 3 12 6
f , f , f
| |
= + = = =
|
\ .
and , )
7
2
6
f =
The largest and the smallest of these values are
7
6
and
13
12
respectively.
Hence, the required difference
7 13 9
6 12 4
| |
=
|
\ .
6.(B) Let , ) , )
75
25
1 f x x x = . Then, , ) , ) , )
74
24
1 1 4 f x x x x ' =
Now, , )
1
0 0 1
4
f x x , , ' = = .
Clearly, , ) 0 f x ' > in the left neighborhood of
1
4
and , ) 0 f x ' < in the right neighborhood of
1
4
. So, , ) f x ' changes its sign
from positive to negative in the neighbourhood of
1
4
.
Hence, it attains maximum at
1
4
x =
7.(C) We have, , )
2 4 2
0 1 2
n
n
P x a a x a x . . . a x = + + + +
For maximum or minimum , ) 0 P x ' =
, ,
2 2 2
1 2
2 2 0 0
n
n
x a a x . . . na x x
+ + + = =
Now, , ) , )
2 2 2
1 2
2 12 2 2 1
n
n
P x a a x . . . n n a x

'' = + + +
, )
1
0 2 0 P a '' = >
1
0 a > 1
]
Hence, P(x) has only one minimum at x = 0.

8.(B) Let P = xy. Then , ) 8 8 x y P x x + = = . Now, 0 8 2 0 4
dP
x x
dx
= = = . Clearly
2
2
0
d P
dx
< . Hence, P is maximum
for 4 x y = = . The maximum value of P is 16.
9.(D) Let A be the area of the rectangle shown in figure.
Then
2 2 2 2
2 2 4 A x . r x x r x = =
, )
2 2
2 2
2
4
r x
dA
dx
r x
0
2
dA r
x
dx
= =
It can be easily checked that
2
2
0
d A
dx
< for this value of x. Hence, A is maximum for
2
r
x = and the maximum value of A is
Given by
2
2 2
4 2
2 2
r r
A r r = =
10.(D)

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Vidyamandir Classes

VMC/Differential Calculus - 2 33 Solutions to HWT-4/Mathematics

But x > 2 2 0 x > and 1 0 x >

Differential Calculus - 2 HWT - 4

' = > and , )

, ) , ) , ) , ) 0 2 1 3 2 0 f x x x x ' > >

Clearly, , ) 0 f x ' = at x = 2. So, x = 2 is also a critical point.

Hence, P(x) has only one minimum at x = 0.

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