Every subset of AxB is a relation from A to B In mathematics, a relation is used to describe certain properties of

things. That way, certain things may be connected in some way; this is called a relation. It is clear, that things are
either related, or they are not, there are no in-betweens. Relations are classfied into four types based on mapping of
elements.
The use of the term "relation" is often used as shorthand to refer to binary relations, where the set of all the starting
points is called the domain and the set of the ending points is the range.
In mathematics, the domain of definition or simply the domain of a function is the set of "input" or argument values
for which the function is defined. That is, the function provides an "output" or value for each member of the
domain. Conversely, the set of values the function takes is termed the image of the function, which is sometimes also
referred to as the range of the function.

In mathematics, the range of a function refers to either the codomain or the image of the function, depending upon
usage. The codomain is a set containing the function's outputs, whereas the image is the part of the codomain which
consists only of the function's outputs.

In mathematics, a function
[1]
is a relation between a set of inputs and a set of permissible outputs with the property
that each input is related to exactly one output. An example is the function that relates each real number x to its
square x
2
. The output of a function fcorresponding to an input x is denoted by f(x) (read "f of x"). In this example, if
the input is 3, then the output is 9, and we may write f(3) = 9. The input variable(s) are sometimes referred to as
the argument(s) of the function.

1. Reflexive Relation:
R is a relation in A and for every a A, (a,a) R then R is said to be a reflexive relation.
Example:
Every real number is equal to itself. Therefor "is equal to " is a reflexive relation in the set of real numbers.
2. Symmetric Relation:
R is a relation in A and (a,b) R implies (b,c) R then R is said to be a symmetric relation.
Example:
In the set of all real numbers "is equal to" relation is symmetric.
3. Anti-Symmetric Relation:
R is a relation in A. If (a,b) R and (b,a) R implies a = b, then R is said to be an anti-symmetric relation.
Example:
In set of all natural numbers the relation R defined by "x divides y if and only if (x,y) R" is anti-symmetric. For x|y and
y|x then x = y.
4. Transitive Relation:
R is a relation in A if (a,b) R and (b,c) R implies (a,c) R is called a transitive relation.
Example:
In the set of all real numbers the relation "is equal to" is a transitive relation. For a = b, b = c implies a = c.
5. Equivalence Relation:
A relation R in a set A is said to be an equivalence relation if it is reflexive, symmetric and transitive.
Example:
In the set of all real numbers the relation "is equal to" is an equivalence relation for a R, a = a, b = a implies b = a
and a = b, b = c implies a = c.