Chapter # 3 Rest & Motion : Kinematics [1]

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Objective - I
1. At motor car is going due north at a speed of 50 km/h. It makes a 90o left turn without changing the
speed. The change in the velocity of the car is about
(A) 50 km/h towards west (B*) 70 km/h towards south-west
(C) 70 km/h towards north-west (D) zero
) -i- i -i i i 50 l-i./i-i i i i ri r| r i i l(lnn in r) +i i i ci ii i -
ini r | i ( ^ - l(n r
(A) 50 l-ic/i -i, li- i i (B*) 70 l-i0/i -i liil- i i
(C) 70 l-ic/i -i, -nl- i i (D) i
Sol. B
Change in velocityof the car =Vf Vi
=
( ) ( )
2 2
50 50 +
towards south-west =
2 50
km/h
=70 km/h towards south-west
2. Fig. shows the displacement time graph of a particle moving on the X-axis.
(A) the particle is continuously going in positive x direction
(B) the particle is at rest
(C) the velocity increases up to a time t
o
, and then becomes constant.
(D*) the particle moves at a constant velocity up to a time t
o
, and then stops.
X-i li ^lnii i i l(-ii- iili, li - li n r
(A) i ln ii-- x lii - ^lnii r |
(B) i l(i-i(-ii - r |
(C) - t
o
n ( ^ + ni r n-in ln ri ini r |
(D*) i - t
o
n ln ( ^ ^lnii rni r , n-in l(i-i(-ii - i ini r |
Sol. D
Slope of "x-t"graphgives velocity
Here (t = 0 to t = t
0
) slope is constant so we can say that velocity is constant. Than aftrer to, slope is
zero. So velocityis zero. So velocityis zero.
velocityzeromeans particle stops.
Chapter # 3 Rest & Motion : Kinematics [2]
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3. A particle has a velocity u towards east at t = 0. Its acceleration is towards west and is constant, Let
x
A
and x
B
be the magnitude of displacements in the first 10 seconds and the next 10 seconds.
(A) x
A
< x
B
(B) x
A
= x
B
(C) x
A
> x
B
(D*) the information is insufficient to decide the relation of x
A
with x
B
.
- t = 0 i i ( ^ ( i i u r | ;i -(i ln )( l- i i r | -iil i- 10 nii
^ 10 - l(-ii l-ii -i x
A
nii x
B
r
(A) x
A
< x
B
(B) x
A
= x
B
(C) x
A
> x
B
(D*) x
A
nii x
B
- + i lln l) i i n r |
Sol. D
W E

a=constant u
V= u + at
Some time after velocityis zero
O = u at
t = u/a
then after particle is return back for this information, we not decidedthat particle is turn back before 10
sec or after 10 sec.
4. A person travelling on a straight line moves with a uniform velocity u
1
for some time and with uniform
velocity u
2
for the next equal time. The average velocity u is given by
(A*) u
u u
=
+
1 2
2
(B) u =
2 1
u u (C)
2 1 1
2 2
u u u
= +
(D)
1 1 1
2 2
u u u
= +
) ln ) ii li - l) )-i ( ^ u
1
^ln ni r , n-in n ri - l)
)-i ( ^ u
2
^ln ni r | i n ( ^ u i -i r
(A*) u
u u
=
+
1 2
2
(B) u =
2 1
u u (C)
2 1 1
2 2
u u u
= +
(D)
1 1 1
2 2
u u u
= +
Sol. A
S
1
= u
1
t
S
2
= u
2
t
Total displacement = S S
1
+ S
2
S = u
1
t + u
2
t
= (u
1
+ u
2
) t
Total time = t + t = 2t
average velocity =
taken time Total
nt displaceme Total
=
( )
t 2
t u u
2 1
+
=
2
u u
2 1
+
5. A person travelling on a straight line moves with a uniform velocity u
1
for a distance x and with a uniform
velocity u
2
for the next equal distance. The average velocity u is given by
(A) u
u u
=
+
1 2
2
(B) u =
2 1
u u (C*)
2 2
1 1 2
u
+
u
=
u
(D)
2 2
1 1 1
u
+
u
=
u
) ln ) ii li x i n ) -i ( ^ u
1
^ln ni r nii i^ -i i ln ( ^ u
2

n ni r | i n ( ^ u i -i r
(A) u
u u
=
+
1 2
2
(B) u =
2 1
u u (C*)
2 2
1 1 2
u
+
u
=
u
(D)
2 2
1 1 1
u
+
u
=
u
Sol. Total displacement =2x
Total time taken = t
1
+ t
2
=
2 1
v
x
v
x
+
Chapter # 3 Rest & Motion : Kinematics [3]
manishkumarphysics.in
average velocity =
taken time Total
nt displaceme Total
=
2 1
v
x
v
x
x 2
+
v =
2 1
v
1
v
1
2
+

v
2
=
2 1
v
1
v
1
+
6. A stone is released from an elevator going up with an acceleration a. The acceleration of the stone after
the release is
(A) a upward (B) (g-a) upward (C) (g-a) downward (D*) g downward
+ i i a -(i ^lnii l- ) -i i i ini r | - n in -i i -(i r
(A) a + i i (B) (g-a) + i i (C) (g-a) i i i (D*) g i i i
Sol. D
Stone is releasedfroman elevator
The accelerationof the stone after the release is
a
Se
= -g = g downward
7. A person standing neat the edge of the top of a building throws two balls A and B. The ball A is thrown
vertically downward with the same speed. The ball Ahits the ground with a speed u
A
and the ball B hits
the ground with a speed u
B
. We have :
) i( + li i i ln i ^ A)( B ni r | ^ A(i i + i i nii ^ B (i i i i
i -i i i ^i r | ^ A -i u
A
i -ini r nii ^ B -i u
B
i -ini r | r- r
n r l
(A) u
A
> u
B
(B) u
A
< u
B
(*C) u
A
= u
B
(D) the relation between Aand B depends on height of the building above the ground.
v
A
nii v
B
- + i i( i -i + i; li ni r |
Sol. C
After come back at level 1 velocityof the ball 'A' is same and equal to ball 'B'.
v
2
= u
2
+ 2as
Ball A+Ball Btravels the same height so we can saythat
u
B
= u
A
8. In a projectile motion the velocity i i ^ln - ( ^
(A) is always perpendicular to the acceleration
r- ii -(i +(n ri ni r |
(B) is never perpendicular to the acceleration
ii ii -(i +(n ri ri ni|
(C*) is perpendicular to the acceleration for one instant only
) ii l) -(i +(n ri ni r |
(D) is perpendicular to the acceleration for two instants.
i +i -(i +(n ri ni r |
Sol. C
Ina projectile motion
at maximumheight, ycomponent of the velocityis zero. Onlyinstant velocityis perpendicular to the
acceleration.
Chapter # 3 Rest & Motion : Kinematics [4]
manishkumarphysics.in
9. Two bullets are fired simultaneously, horizontally and with different speed from the same place. Which
bullet will hit the ground first?
(A) the faster one (B) the slower one
(C*) both will reach simultaneously (D) depend on the masses.
i ln lii - ) ri -ii ) ii i ^i li lili ii i^i ^i r | i i ^i i -i r r ^i
(A) n ^ln(ii (B) ii-i ^ln (ii
(C*) i i ) ii ri r ^i (D) -ii li ^i|
Sol. C
Bothbullet will hit the groundsimultaneouslybecause downwardaccelerationof the bothbullet is same
&equal to g. t fired at same place.
S = ut + 1/2 at
2
S
y
= uy + 1/2 a
y
+ t
2
S
y
= O + 1/2 gt
2
t =
g
S 2
y
.
10. The range of a projectile fired at an angle of 15
o
is 50 m. If it is fired with the same speed at an angle of
45
o
, its range will be
(A) 25 m (B) 37 m (C) 50 m (D*) 100 m
15
o
ii iln i i i 50 -i. r| l ;i -i i 45
o
ii i ln li i, ni ;i i ri ^i

(A) 25 -i. (B) 37 -i. (C) 50 -i. (D*) 100 -i.

Sol. D
R =
g
2 sin u
2
u
50 =
g
30 sin u
2
.......... (1)
g
u
2
= 100 .......... (2)
Given fired with the same speed atomangle of 45
R' =
g
45 2 sin u
2

=
g
u
2
sin90 {sin90 = 1}
R' =
g
u
2
= 10 m
11. Two projectiles A and B are projected with angle of projection 15
o
for the projectile A and 45
o
for the
projection B. If R
A
and R
B
be the horizontal range for the two projectiles, then
(A) R
A
< R
B
(B) R
A
= R
B
(C) R
A
> R
B
(D*) the information is insufficient to decide the relation of R
A
with R
B
.
i A, 15
o
i i nii i B, 45
o
i i i ln l ^ r | l R
A
nii R
B
; i i i i ln i r , ni
(A) R
A
< R
B
(B) R
A
= R
B
(C) R
A
> R
B
(D*) R
A
nii R
B
- + i lln l i i n r |
Chapter # 3 Rest & Motion : Kinematics [5]
manishkumarphysics.in
Sol. D
R =
g
2 sin u
2
u
angle's are givenbut not giventhe information about 'u'.
12. A river is flowing from west to east at a speed of 5 metres per minute. A man on the south bank of the
river, capable of swimming at 10 metres per minute in still water, wants to swim across the river in the
shortest time. He should swim in a direction.
(A*) due north (B) 30
o
east of north (C) 30
o
north of west (D) 60
o
east of north
) i l- ( i i 5 -i.,l-l- i i +r ri r | i liii li l-in ) ln i l-i ii
- 10 -i-,l-l- i i n ni r , n- - - i i i irni r | i l lii - n i ilr
(A*) -i i i (B) 30
o
-i ( i i
(C) 30
o
-i l- i i (D) 60
o
( -i i i
Sol. A
t =
u cos br
V
d
t
min
(cos u) max
mean = u = 0
t =
br
V
d
Sohe should swimin a north direction.
13. In the arrangement shown in fig. the ends P and Q of an inextensible string move downwards with
uniform speed u. Pulleys A and B are fixed. The mass M moves upwards with a speed
li - li n (-ii - , ) n i i l P nii Q ) -i i i i i ^lnii r | lii Anii B i
l-iln ln r | -i M i, + i i i r
(A) 2u cosu (B*) u/cosu (C) 2u/cosu (D) ucosu
Sol. B
Alongthe stringvelocityof blockMis same the velocityof the each &everyparticle of the string.
So 2vcosu = 2u
v = u/cosu
always take the component of the resultant.
Chapter # 3 Rest & Motion : Kinematics [6]
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OBJECTIVE - II
1. Consider the motion of the trip of the minute hand of a clock. In one hour
(A*) the displacement is zero (B) the distance covered is zero
(C) the average speed is zero (D*) the average velocity is zero
i i i l-- (ii ; i i i ^ln l(i l | ) i - -
(A*) l(-ii i r | (B) n i ^; i i r |
(C) i n i i r | (D*) i n ( ^ i r |
Sol. AD
Minute hand complete one rotation in 1 hour.
So Displacement is zero.
Distance = 2tr = 0
average speed =
taken time Total
Distance
= 0
average velocity =
taken time Total
nt Displaceme
= 0
2. A particle moves along the X-axis as
x = ut(t2s) + a(t2s)
2
(A) the initial velocity of the particle is u (B) the acceleration of the particle is a
(C) the acceleration of the particle is 2a (D*) at t =2s particle is at the origin.
X-i i i ^lnii ) i l
x = ut(t2s) + a(t2s)
2
(A) i i ili ( ^ u r | (B) i i -(i a r |
(C) i i -(i 2a r | (D*) - t = 0 . i - l+ r |
Sol. at t = 2 second
x = 0 i.e. particle is at origin.
3. Pick the correct statements: ri i i i
(A) Average speed of a particle in a given time is never less than the magnitude of the average velocity.
li - ni- i i in i, in (^ l-ii - ri rini r|
(B) It is possible to have a situation in which 0
dt
d
=
u

but 0
dt
d
= u

.
li l-iln - r i( r l 0
dt
d
=
u

n 0
dt
d
= u

.
(C) The average velocity of a particle is zero in a time interval. It is possible that the instantaneous
velocity is never zero in the interval.
li -ni- )i i in (^ir ni r i( r lni-ili(^ -ni- ii iri ri|
(D) The average velocity of a particle moving on a straight line is zero in a time interval. It is possible that
the instantaneous velocity is never zero in the interval. (Infinite acceleration are not allowed)
) ii - ^ln r i i li -ni- ( ^ir| ni r i( r lni-ili( ^;-ni
- i ri| (n -(i i -ln ri r|)
Sol. ABC
(a) Average speed =
taken time Total
Distance
average velocity=
taken time Total
nt Displaceme
Displacement
s
Distance
Average speed
>
average velocity
Chapter # 3 Rest & Motion : Kinematics [7]
manishkumarphysics.in
(b) Let
j

t sin i

t cos v + =

dt
v d

=
j

t cos i

t sin +
SO
dt
v d

= 0
v

=
t sin t cos
2 2
+
= 1
dt
v d

= 0
(c) Let the path of the particle is
Displacement =0
Average velocity=0
But instantaneous velocityis never zeroin the interval.
(d) Inthestraight linemotion
Displacement =0
Average velocity=0
But inthis motionat one point instantaneous velocityis zero.
4. An object may have
(A) varying speed without having varying velocity
(B*) varying velocity without having varying speed
(C) nonzero acceleration without having varying velocity
(D*) nonzero acceleration without having varying speed.
) (-n l i( r
(A) l(n ii ( ^ l+i l(n ii i
(B*) l(n ii i l+i l(n ii ( ^
(C) l(n ii ( ^ l+i i -(i
(D*) l(n ii i l+i, i -(i
Sol. BD
(a) Speed increase, that causes magnitude of velocityincreases.
(b) Magnitude of velocityis constant but directionis continuous changes.
(c) Acceleration =rate of change of velocity
(d) Maybe possible that acceleration change the direction of the particle but not change the magnitude of
thevelocity.
5. Mark the correct statements for a particle going on a straight line:
) ii - ^ln r i l) ri i i il)
(A) If the velocity and acceleration have opposite sign, the object is slowing down.
l (^ ( -(i i lr l(ln ri ni (-n -ln ri ri r|
(B) If the position and velocity have opposite sign, the particle is moving towards the origin.
l l-iln ( (^ i lr l(in ri ni i - l+ i i ^ln ri r|
(C) If the velocity is zero at an instant, the acceleration should also be zero at that instant.
l li ii (^i ri ni ii -(i ii irii ilr)|
(D) If the velocity is zero for a time interval, the acceleration is zero at any instant within the time interval.
l li -ni - (^ iri ;- ni- -(i i ri^i|
Sol. (A), (B), (D)
During retardation, acceleration opposes velocity. - ii, -(i (^ i lnii ni r|
Velocity implies the direction of motion of a body. (^ (-n i ^ln i lii iini r|
Chapter # 3 Rest & Motion : Kinematics [8]
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6. The velocity of a particle is zero at t = 0
(A) The acceleration at t = 0 must be zero
(B*) The acceleration at t = 0 may be zero.
(C*) If the acceleration is zero from t = 0 to t = 10 s, the speed is also zero in this interval.
(D*) If the speed is zero from t = 0 to t = 10 s the acceleration is also in the interval.
t = 0 i i ( ^ i r
(A) t = 0 -(i lln i ri ^i|
(B*) t = 0 -(i i ri ni r |
(C*) t = 0 t = 10 . - -(i i r , ; -in - i ii i ri ^i|
(D*) l t = 0 t = 10 . - i i r ni ; -in - -(i ii i ri ^i|
Sol. BCD
(a) Free fallingbody t = 0 v = 0 & a = g +
(b) Bodyat rest
(c) Fromt =0 to t = 10s, the speed is also zero in this interval. Because (v =u + at)
(d) If body is rest in the interval of t = 0 to t = 10s.
7. Mark the correct statements:
(A*) The magnitude of the velocity of a particle is equal to its speed.
(B) The magnitude of average velocity in an interval is equal to its average speed in that interval.
(C) It is possible to have a situation in which the speed of a particle is always zero but the average
speed is not zero
(D) It is possible to have a situation in which the speed of the particle is never zero but the average
speed in an interval is zero.
ri ii i il
(A*) li i ( ^ i l-ii i i +i+ r |
(B) li -i ni - i n ( ^ i l-ii, -i n - i n i +i+ r |
(C) ) ) i ll-iln i( r l li i i i ( i ri ln i n i i ri ri |
(D) ) ) i ll-iln i( r l li i i i ii ii i ri ri , ln li -i n - i n i i ri |
Sol. A
(a) Speed = v

(b) Average velocity=

taken time Total
nt Displaceme Total
Average speed =
taken time Total
Distance
|Average velocity| = |Average speed|
|Displacement|
s
|Distance|
(c) Speed of a particle is always zero means particle at rest. Distance travelled by the particle is zero. So
average speed = 0
(d) Speed of a particle is never zero means, particle travelled some distance.
So average speed =
time
Distane
= 0
8. The velocity-time plot for a particle moving on a straight line is shown in fig.
) ii - ^lnii i i (^- ^i iini r
(A) The particle has constant acceleration
i i -(i ln r|
(B) The particle has never turned around.
i ii ii ri - ni|
(C) The particle has zero displacement
i i l(-iiir|
(D) The average speed in the interval 0 to 10s is the same as the average speed in the interval 10s to 20s.
0 10s - in i - nii 10s 20s - in i i -i -i r|
Chapter # 3 Rest & Motion : Kinematics [9]
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Sol. (A), (D)
Slope of given v-t graph (i.e. acceleration) is constant.
From0 to 10 seconds, velocity is in positive and then negative. That means the particle trans around
at t = 10 sec.
The positive and negative areas are not equal, So displacement is not zero.
Area of v-t graph from t = 0 to t = 10 sec is same as that from t = 10 to 20 sec.
Hence average speed is same.
gy (A), (D)
l) ^) v-t ^i i i(i.e. -(i) ln r|
0 10 n(^ ii--r| n-in (^ ~ii-- r| ;i ni- r l i trans around at t = 10 sec
~ii-- ( ~ii-- ii-i ri r| n l(-ii iri r|
v-t ^i i t = 0 t = 10 sec n ( t = 10 20 sec. n ii - r| n in i -i r|
n in i-i r|
9. Fig. shows the position of a particle moving on X-axis as funcation of time.
li - X-i li ^lnii i i l-iln, - - n i ^; r
(A*) The particle has come to rest 6 times
i 6 +i l(i-i(-ii - ini r |
(B) The maximum speed is at t = 6 s
t = 6 . lin- i r |
(C) The velocity remains positive for t = 0 to t = 6 s
t = 0 t = 6 - ( ^ ii-- rni r |
(D) The average velocity for the total period shows is negative.
li n i -i n - i n ( ^ ~ii-- r |
Sol. A
(a) Slope of x-t graph gives the velocity.
Here 6 times slope is zero. So we can saythat the particle has come to rest 6 times.
(b) Just after t =6 sec slope of x-t graphis zero. Then ve. So we easilycansaythat speed is not maximum
at t = 6s.
(c) Slope of x-t graph some time +ve &some time ve +or zero. So we can saythat in interval of t =0 to
t =6s some time velocityis +ve, ve or zero.
(d) Average velocity =
taken time Total
nt Displaceme Total
=
t
x x
i f

=
t
x
= +ve
Chapter # 3 Rest & Motion : Kinematics [10]
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10. The accelerations of a particle as seen from two frames S
1
and S
2
have equal magnitude 4 m/s
2
.
(A) The frames must be at the rest with respect to each other.
(B) The frames may be moving with respect to each other but neither should be accelerated with
respect to the other.
(C) The acceleration of S
2
with respect to S
1
may either be zero or 8 m/s
2
.
(D*) The acceleration of S
2
with respect to S
1
may be anything between zero and 8 m/s
2
.
i l i n ii S
1
nii S
2
li i -(i i lin -i ) -i 4 -i./
2
r
(A) l i n i lln ) i i l-i r |
(B) l i n i ) i i ^lnii ri n r , ln i ; ii i i -(ln ri ri ni r |
(C) S
1
i i S
2
i -(i i i(i 8 -i./
2
ri ni r |
(D*) S
1
i i S
2
i -(i i nii 8 -i/ .
2
- ii ri ni r |
Sol.
1 2
s s
a

=
p s
2
a

+
1
ps
a

1 2
s s
a

=
u + + cos . 4 . 4 . 2 4 4
2 2
Hence
1 2
s s
a
may lie between 0 & 8 depending upon value of u.