unn +

n+.naalan:
t..nor+o .uao+
a+r+.r+:nlulaen+.uao nn+.ne+ae.+rn:nr.u.o
Sand Casting
High Temperature Alloy,
Complex Geometry,
Rough Surface Finish
Investment Casting
High Temperature Alloy,
Complex Geometry,
Moderately Smooth Surface
Finish
Die Casting
High Temperature Alloy,
Moderate Geometry,
Smooth Surface
Casting Methods
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.:.aa: (.--:.a,
atr::
:.:r....raa:.ra..:r.a... .z. aa:..:: .a:.:
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n+.Ina (r|e=,
n+.ar+o.ra+lan:
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:a:.:r..:.a (oa.- a-a-+a.-s,
a....aa ....:.n:.
.ar:.:a: ::..
..:..:::..a..:.!nn (-.,-,
(.r.......r.:a c--:-..-- s-.--a,-,
n+.ar+o.ra+lan:u.ant
n+.ar+o.ra+lan:uan
.:.a.. (ca:--: u-a:,
Three Cast Structures of Solidified Metals
FIGURE 5.8
Schematic
illustration of three
cast structures of
metals solidified in a
square mold:
(a) pure metals;
(b) solid-solution
alloys; and
(c) the structure
obtained by
heterogeneous
nucleation of grains,
using nucleating
agents.
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Chvorinoys Rule
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n.:n+Ile
n+.n+.au
(a|.c:,
lan:aoa:
ru:n
:ua.:zuon+.
no.
naono++nu
n.:a.uru:e. (s||c ,;c ra::c:,
n.:a.uaenI (s;||: ra::c:,
n.:a.u.+ra+.+ (ua|r ra::c:, ru++una.uuuaa:a.ua++:nnaunu
Features of a Sand Mold
Schematic illustration of a sand mold, showing various features.
av
v
.+
n
+n
Electric Furnaces
n.+enaa ( o:cc sae,
.a..:..:.:a. (a.-+-s,
.:.!. r.a.: r.a..+.. (o-:.--,
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z:.r. :::.a: :. r.a.!n :.::t a::
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oanuora+n.+enaa
..:!.:
+!ra.aa!.a:..
.:..:.a:..na.r::
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a::z!.a
.:
!:..:.:.: .:a.::r.a
a:a:.ar:
n+.naaun.+enaa (sae c.:|,
auunaan.+e (sae ue|e|,
Steps in Sand Casting
Steps in Sand Casting
n.:u.un+.naa.en..n.tau_ (o:c: r.;cea|c ue|e ca.:| r:eec..c.,
auunaa:uaan (sc|| ue|e.,
Shell Casting
Dump-Box Technique
Figure 11.13 A common method of making shell molds. Called dump-box technique, the
limitations are the formation of voids in the shell and peelback (when sections of the shell
fall off as the pattern is raised). Source: ASM International.
Shell Casting
Dump-Box Technique
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auunaaa+n+ (vaeee ue|e|,
v---ss
auunaalna:an .u (r.;aece re|,.:,:cc r:eec..,
n+.naaauuau
:.an:nun
(|.c.:c:
ca.:|,
auunaa+.uauIaanIz (coz ue|e r:eec..,
auunaan.+euanz:nuo (sae ue|e =|: ccc: o|ec:,
auunaa:z.+nn (cc:a|eue|e ca.:|,
Operation Sequence of Making a Ceramic Mold
Sequence of operations in making a ceramic mold.
Figure 11.17 A typical ceramic mold (Shaw process) for casting steel dies used in
hot forging.
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n+.naa:n.e+ (cc::|rea| ca.:|,
FIGURE 5.30 Schematic illustration of the centrifugal casting process.
Pipes, cylinder liners, and similarly shaped parts can be cast by this
process.
Semicentrifugal Casting
Process
FIGURE 5.31 (a) Schematic illustration of the semicentrifugal casting process. (b)
Schematic illustration of casting by centrifuging. The molds are placed at the
periphery of the machine, and the molten metal is forced into the molds by centrifugal
forces.
Squeeze-Casting Process
uauua
n+.naaauuln.+ (s|e. ca.:|,