INPUT DEVICES 2

Scanners
Input devices such as scanners and cameras allow you to capture and copy images into a
computer.
A scanner is a peripheral that reads images and converts them into electronic codes which
can be understood by a computer. There are different types.
A flatbed is built like a photocopier and is for
use on a desktop; it can capture text, colour
images and even small 3 D objects.
A film scanner is used to film negatives or
! mm slides " pictures on photographic
film, mounted on a frame.
A hand-held scanner is small T-shaped,
ideal to capture small pictures and logos.
A pen scanner looks like a pen; you can
scan text, figures, barcodes and handwritten
numbers.
Barcode scanners read barcodes on the products sold in shops and send the price to the
computer in the cash register. Barcodes consist of a series of black and white stripes used
to give products a uni#ue identification number.
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The resoltion of a scanner is measured in dpi or dots per inch. $or example, a %.&'' dpi
scanner gives clearer, more detailed images than a '' dpi scanner.
(ost scanners come with !ptical Character "eco#nition software. )*+ allows you to scan
pages of text and save them into your word processor; they can be edited.
Di#ital cameras
A digital camera doesn,t use a film. -hotos are stored as di#ital data .bits made up of %s and
's/, usually on a tiny storage device known as flash memor$ card. 0ou can connect the
camera or memor$ card to a -* and then alter the images using a program like Adobe
-hotoshop, or you can view the images on a T1 set. (any printers have a special socket so
that you can print images directly from a memory card or camera.
Di#ital %ideo cameras and &ebcams

Complete the pictre b$' transfer, input, , output, processing.
(ebcams .short for web cameras/ let you send and receive live video pictures through the
Internet. They are primarily used for %ideo conferences " video calls " but they can be used
to record photos and video onto your hard disk.
A digital video
camera 231/
records moving
images and
converts them into
digital data that
can be processed
by a -*.
0ou can manipulate
video images with
video editing
software. 0ou can
cut, paste, add
effects, etc.
0ou can store or
export the result.,
dlay it on a screen
or create a 313,
email or put your
movie on the 4eb.
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The resolution of webcams is expressed in me#api)els .million pixels/. 4ebcams connect to
the -* via a USB or $ire4ire port; they display video at &5 to ' frames .pictures/ per
second. 6ome include a headset with a microphone and earpiece.
*+ Sol%e the cles and complete &ith the &ords from the readin#+
%. 6canners and cameras are 777777777777777 devices used to transfer images into a
format that can be understood by computers.
&. A 7777777777777 lets you copy photos and printed documents into your -*.
. It has become one of life,s most familiar sounds " the beep of the supermarket till
whenever a 777777777777777777 is scanned.
5. If you need to scan ! mm 77777777777777777 you should go for a dedicated ! mm film
scanner which concentrates all its dots into a tiny area.
!. This scanner has a resolution of '' x 8'' 77777777777777 .
8. A 777777777777777 scanner is small enough to hold in your hand.
9. A 77777777777777 scanner is used to capture lines of text, barcodes, numbers.
:. (ost digital cameras use flash 77777777777777 cards to store photos.
;. 777777777777777 scanners have a flat surface and take at least A5<si=ed documents.
%'. To scan photographic negatives or slides you will need a 77777777777777 scanner.
B+ Decide &hether the sentences are tre or false+
%. The details detected by a scanner are not determined by its resolution. 77777777777777
&. A barcode scanner is a computer peripheral for reading barcode labels printed on
products. 77777777777777
. 6canners can not handle optical character recognition. 7777777777777
5. A digital camera uses a light sensitive film instead of a memory card for storing the
images. 7777777777777777
!. A digital video .31/ camera is used to take still photographs. 7777777777777
8. 1ideo editing software allows you to manipulate video clips on the computer.
77777777777777 .
C+ Complete the ad%ertisement &ith &ords from the &ebcam section+
4eb*am >ive ?ltra
@aving 77777777777777777 %/ with friends and family has never been easier or more
enjoyable. 0ou get the highest<#uality audio and video, no matter which chatting solution you
use. 4ith the 4eb*am >iveA ?ltra, its CCD ima#e sensor with 85' x 5:' 21BA/ resolution
produces rich, vibrant colours. *ombined with its 777777777777777 &/ &.' @i6peed
connection, the result is top<#uality, full<motion video at ' 777777777777777 / per second
for all your web conversations, even in dimly lit rooms.
The 4eb*am >iveA ?ltra lets you do more. >et your voice be heard clearer than ever before
with the included 7777777777777777 5/ unlike the built<in microphones in most other
77777777777777777 !/. Take still pictures at up to %. 77777777777777777 8/ resolution
3
.interpolated/, and enjoy the many great features that accompany the bundled award<winning
4eb*am *enter software, such as motion detection, remote security monitoring, timelapse
video capture and much more.
(hat are the reasons for sin# a scanner at home or at &or,-
(hat basic featres and the thin#s $o do &ith it-
D+ * di#ital pen . *d%ertisement
+ead the text and fill in the blanks with the wordsC sends, cables, computer, chip, digital,
data, Internet.
Anoto is a 7777777777777777 %/ pen that allows you to store and transmit anything you
write or draw on paper to any 7777777777777777 &/. The components of it areC %/ a digital
camera which scans the patterned paper, &/ an image processor, / a memory
77777777777777 / which can store several written pages, and 5/ a Dluetooth radio
transciever which 77777777777777 5/ the information to your -*, mobile phone or handheld
computer. It also contains an ink cartridge so that you can actually see the characters and
pictures that you are making. As you write or draw on the Anoto patterned paper, the digital
pen converts your notes and diagrams into digital 7777777777777777 !/ which is stored and
then transmitted to your computer or, by using a Dluetooth device such as a mobile phone, to
another -*, database or the 777777777777777 8/. Dluetooth is a wireless technology which
doesn,t need 77777777777777777 9/ in order to send and receive information.
Complete the follo&in# pictre belo& after readin# the te)t abo%e+
(hat is common to all inpt de%ices-
pen (obile
phone
-* Another -*
4
!UTPUT DEVICES' P"INTE"S
Technical details
A printer is a device that prints your texts or graphics on paper.
- The output on paper or acetate sheets is called printot or hard copy.
- A program in your computer, called the printer dri%er, converts data into a form that
your printer can understand.
- A print spooler stores files to be printed when the printer is ready. It lets you change
the order of documents in the #ueue and cancel specific print jobs.
- The output #uality or resolution is measured in dpi or dots per inch.
- The speed of your printer is measured in pages per minute .ppm/.
- In a network, users can share a printer connected to a print ser%er, a computer that
stores the files waiting to be printed.
T$pes of printers
A dot-matri) printer uses a group, or matrix, of pins to create precise dots. A print heading
containing tiny pins strikes an inked ribbon to make letters and graphics. This impact printing
technology allows shops, for example, to print multi<part forms such as receipts and invoices,
so it,s useful when self<copying paper is needed. It has two important disadvantagesC noise
and a relatively low resolution .from 9& to %:' dpi/.
An in,-/et printer .also called bubble<jet/ generates an image by spraying tiny, precise drops
of ink onto the paper. The resolution ranges from '' to %&'' dpi, suitable for small
#uantities or home use.
A standard ink<jet has a three<colour cartrid#e, plus a black cartridge. -rofessional ink<jets
have five<colour cartridges, plus black; some can print in wide format, ranging from 8' cm up
to ! m, . for printing advertising graphics/.
6ome ink<jets based printers can perform more than one task. They are called mlti-
fnction printers because they can work as a scanner, a fax as well as a printer. 6ome units
accept memory cards and print photos directly from a camera.
A laser printer uses a laser beam to fix the ink to the paper. A laser works like a photocopier;
a powder called a toner is attracted to paper by an electrostatic char#e and then fsed on
by a hot roller.
>aser printers are fast and produce a high resolution of %&'' to &5'' dpi, so they are ideal
for businesses and for proofing professional graphics work.
>asers use a pa#e description lan#a#e or -3>, which describes how to print the text and
draw the images on the page. The best<known languages are Adobe -ost6cript an @-
-rinter *ontrol >anguage.
A professional ima#esetter is a typesetting printer that generates very high resolution output
.over !5' dpi/ on paper or microfilm. It,s used for high<#uality publications.
5
A plotter is a special type of printer which uses ink and fine pens held in a cartridge to draw
detailed designs on paper. It,s used in computer<aided design, maps, 3 technical
illustrations, etc.
*+ Complete these sentences &ith the &ords in 0Technical details0+
%. The differences in 7777777777777777 are noticeable; the more dots per inch, the clearer
the image.
&. A print resolution of between 8'' 7777777777777 and &5'' 7777777777777 ensured that
even text as small & pti was legible.
. -assengers with and electronic ticket will need a 777777777777777 of ticket confirmation
or boarding pass to be admitted to secured gate areas.
5. The key advance of recent years is printing speedC the latest generation of ink<jets prints
black<and<white text at %! 777777777777777777777777777777 .77777777777777777/.
!. 4ith appropriate software, you can view the images on a computer, manipulate them, or
send them to a 77777777777777777 and produce excellent #uality colour copies.
8. A 777777777777777777 is a dedicated computer that connects a printer to a network. It
enables users to share printing resources.
9. A 777777777777777777 is a utility that organi=es and arranges any documents waiting to
be printed.
:. In computers, a 777777777777777777 is a program installed to control a particular type of
printer.
B+ Choose the most sitable t$pe of printer for these sitations from the descriptions
in 0T$pes of printers0+
%. a home user who wants to print text documents and family photographs
&. business people who need to print in large #uantities at high #uality in an office
. engineers who want to make detailed line drawings
5. professional typesetters in desktop publishing .to publish catalogues and maga=ines/
!. a company that wants to print carbon copies of bills and receipts
C+ 1ind the terms &hich correspond to these definitions+
% the container that holds the ink in an ink<jet printer
& powdered ink used in laser printers
small needles that press on the inked ribbon to make the characters on paper
5 printer technology that produces text and pictures by hammering pins against a ribbon and
the paper
! a language that tells a printer how to print a document
8 a peripheral which combines a printer, a fax machine and photocopying and scanning
capability into one device
Describe the characteristics of the printer that $o ha%e at home+
(hat is in the pictre-
6
Tell to the class the featres of each printer+
7
!UTPUT DEVICES ' DISP2*3 SC"EENS
C"Ts and 2CDs
The screen on a computer is often known as the monitor4 or VDU .1isual 3isplay ?nit/.
Inside the computer, there is a %ideo card which produces images and sends signals to the
monitor.
4hen choosing a monitor, you have to take into account a few basics.
< T$pe of displa$ " the choice is between a C"T or an 2CD screen.
The Cathode "a$ Tbe of a monitor is similar to a traditional T1 set. It has three electron
#ns .one for each primary colour; red, green and blue/ that strike the inside of the screen
which is coated with substances called phosphors, which #lo& and create colours. *+Ts
are cheap, but they are heavy, can flic,er and emit radiation.
A 2i5id Cr$stal Displa$ is made of flat plates with a li#uid crystal solution between them.
The crystals block the light in different #uantities to create the image. *cti%e-matri) 2CDs
use T1T .Thin $ilm Transistor/ technology in which each pixel has its own transistor s&itch.
They offer better #uality and take up less space, so they are replacing *+Ts.
< Screen si6e " the viewing area is measured diagonally; in other words, a %9,, screen
measures %9 inches from top left corner to the bottom right.
< "esoltion " the clarity of the image depends on the number of pixels .short picture
elements/ contained on a display, hori=ontally and vertically. A typical resolution is %'&5 x
98:. The sharpness of images is affected by dot pitch, the distance between the pixels on the
screen, so a dot pitch of '.&: mm or less will produce a sharp image.
< Bri#htness " the luminance of images is measured in cd2mE .candela per s#uare meter/.
< Color depth " the number of colours a monitor can display. $or example, a 1BA monitor
produces &!8 colours, enough for home users; a 6uper1BA can produce up to %8.9 million
colours, so is ideal for photographic work and video games.
- "efresh rate " the number of times that the image is drawn each second. If a monitor has
a refresh rate of 9! @=, it means that the screen is scanned 9! times per second. If the rate
is low, you will notice a flicker, which can cause eye fatigue.
8
*+ "ead the te)t on 0C"Ts and 2CDs0 and then correct these false statements+
%. The images shown on a monitor are not generated by the video card.
&. All visible colours can be made from mixing the three primary colours of red, yellow and
blue.
. Typical *+T<based displays occupy less space than >*3 displays.
5. Active matrix >*3s do not use a technology called T$T.
!. The si=e of the screen is measured hori=ontally.
B+ 7atch each term &ith the correct definition+
% phosphors a/ the fre#uency at which a monitor renews its image, measured in @=
& >*3 screen b/ a flat<panel display which works by emitting light through a special li#uid
pixel c/ the space between a display,s pixels
5 dot pitch d/ the smallest element in a displayed image
! refresh rate e/ materials that emit light and produce colours when they are activated by an
electron beam
C+ Complete the specifications of this monitor and read a#ain 0C"Ts and 2CD0s if
necessar$+
The new Paintview Xt-85 combines television and a computer _______________ 1) in
one display.
Type of display lat panel !"#
$) ................................ 1% inches
&) #isplay ................................ 1$8' ( 1'$) pi(els
#ot pitch '.$%) mm
)) .................................. 1*.+ million colours
"otrast ratio 1''',1
5) ................................. )5' cd-m.
/uilt-in T0 tuner yes
1udio Two &-watt spea2ers and a 5-watt
subwoofer3 headphone 4ac2
The picture-in-picture function allows you to watch more than one pro5ram at the same
time and lets you ad4ust the si6e of each window.
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