Version 049 Exam 2 fakhreddine (51025)

This print-out should have 31 questions.

Multiple-choice questions may continue on
the next column or page find all choices
before answering.
001 10.0 points
What is the formula for copper(I) sulfite?

Explanation:
nonpolar:

Cl

6. Cu2 SO3 correct

Cl

2. Cu2 SO4

5. CuSO3

Cl
B

nonpolar:

4. CuSO4

polar:

1. Cu2 S

3. CuS

Si

polar:
O

003 10.0 points

Which of the following species exhibit resonance/delocalization?
I) HCN
II) O3
III) CO2
3
1. I, II

Explanation:
The copper(I) ion is Cu+ ; the sulfite ion
is SO23 . Two Cu+ are needed to balance
the charge on each SO23 , so the formula is
Cu2 SO3 .

2. I, II, III
3. I, III
4. II, III correct

002 10.0 points

Consider the molecules
I) BF3
II) PCl3
III) SiO2
IV) H2 S
Which would most likely be polar?
1. I and II only
2. III only
3. II and IV only correct
4. II only
5. None of these

5. I only
6. II only
7. III only
Explanation:
Both ozone and carbonate have a single
pair of resonant electrons and are famous examples of resonant molecules. Cyanide cannot have resonance since hydrogen can only
form a single bond.
004 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points
What is the molecular shape of the XeF+
5
ion?

6. I and III only

1. tetrahedral

7. I only

2. square pyramidal correct

8. All of these

3. trigonal bipyramidal

Version 049 Exam 2 fakhreddine (51025)

4. trigonal pyramidal
5. octahedral
Explanation:

The Lewis structure is

F
Xe

The shape is square pyramidal based on an octahedral arrangement of electrons about the
Xe atom.

Note that the molecular weight of methane

is 16 g/mol. This was calculated by adding
the mass of one carbon (12 g/mol) and 4
hydrogens (4 1 g/mol). This means that the
16 gram sample in the problem is equivalent
to a one mole sample. Therefore it is true that
the sample would have Avogadros number of
molecules (6.022 1023 molecules/mol).
Since there are four hydrogen atoms per
methane molecule, calculating the number of
hydrogen atoms in one mole of methane gives
? atoms H = 1 mole CH4

005 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points

How many different FXeF bond angles are
in this molecule?
1. 4
2. 2 correct

6.02 1023 molec CH4

1 mol CH4

4 atoms H
1 molec CH4

= 4 6.02 1023 atoms H

So this answer is also true. Now, how many
grams of carbon would be in 1 mole methane?

3. 5
? g C = 1 mol CH4
4. 3
5. 1
Explanation:
There are two FXeFe bond angles: 90
and 180 .
006 10.0 points
Which of the following is NOT a correct description of 16.0 grams of methane (CH4 )?
1. the amount of methane that contains 12.0
gC
2. the amount of methane that contains two
molecules of H2 correct
3. the amount of methane that contains 4
6.022 1023 H atoms
4. the amount of methane that contains
6.022 1023 C atoms
Explanation:
MW = 16 g/mol

1 mol C
1 mol CH4

12 g C
1 mol C

= 12 g C
This leaves the contains two molecules H2
answer as the false answer. This answer is not
a correct description of 16 g methane because,
while there are four hydrogen atoms, these
hydrogen atoms are not bound together into
diatomic hydrogen molecules.
007 10.0 points
A molecule has four unshared electrons on the
central atom and four chlorine atoms bonded
to the central atom. What is its molecular
shape and its hybridization?
1. square planar; sp3
2. pyramidal; sp3
3. octahedral; sp3 d2
4. tetrahedral; sp3

Version 049 Exam 2 fakhreddine (51025)

5. square pyramidal; sp3 d2

7. sp

6. tetrahedral; sp3 d2

8. spd

7. square planar; sp3 d2 correct

Explanation:
One way to solve is to draw a sample and
determine HED. Since HED = 6, you know
electronic geometry is octahedral. The lone
pairs are placed 180 degrees from each other
leaving the molecular geometry square planar
and hybridization is sp3 d2 .
008 10.0 points
CAREFUL! You need to draw the Lewis
structure to see all the bonds.
How many sigma and pi bonds are in the
molecule NH2 CHCCH2?

Explanation:
This is a resonance structure where P
shares eight electrons with three oxygen
atoms. There are no lone pairs of electrons.
Therefore there are 3 regions of HED and the
hybridization is sp2 .
010 10.0 points
A comparison of the electron configurations
of nickel (Ni) and copper (Cu) indicates that
1. Cu has two more d electrons and the same
number of s electrons as Ni.
2. Cu has one more d electron and the same
number of s electrons as Ni.

1. 6 sigma and 2 pi
2. 3 sigma and 2 pi
3. 6 sigma and 4 pi

3. Cu has two more d electrons and one less

s electron than Ni. correct
4. Cu has one more d electron and one less s
electron than Ni.

4. 8 sigma and 0 pi
5. 8 sigma and 2 pi correct
6. 8 sigma and 3 pi
Explanation:
009 10.0 points
What hybridization would you expect for P
in PO
3?

5. Cu has one more d electron and one more

s electron than Ni.
Explanation:
The electron configuration for Ni is [Ar]
3d8 4s2 , whereas the electron configuration
for Cu is [Ar] 3d10 4s1 , which indicates the
difference between their electron distribution.
Cu has 10 d-electrons in the 3d orbital while
Ni has 8. Similarly, Cu has 1, while Ni has 2
4s-electrons.

1. sp3
2

2. sp correct
3. s2 p2
4. p
5. sp3 d
3 2

6. sp d

011 10.0 points

Which do you think would be larger and why?
The first ionization energy, IE1 , of Ne,
The second ionization energy, IE2 , of Na
1. IE1 of Ne, because Ne has a smaller radius
than Na.
2. IE1 of Ne, because the electrons in Ne are
not as well shielded from the nucleus as those

Version 049 Exam 2 fakhreddine (51025)

in Na+ .
3. IE2 of Na, because Na+ and Ne have the
same number of protons, but Na+ has fewer
electrons than Ne.
4. IE2 of Na, because Na+ and Ne have the
same electron configuration but Na has more
protons than Ne. correct

II is true because there are five d orbitals and

using two of them for hybridization would
leave three remaining empty. Statement III is
true because an sp3 d hybrid orbital is made
from 5 atomic orbitals, 1 of which was an s
orbital - giving it 20% s-character.
013 10.0 points
From the data below

5. IE1 of Ne, because Ne is a noble gas and

Na is an alkali metal.
Explanation:
The second ionization energy of Na is the
ionization energy of Na+ . Na+ and Ne have
identical electronic structures. They are both
[He]2s2 2p6 . However, Na (and Na+ has 11
protons and Ne only has 10. Therefore the
electrons will be held more tightly onto Na+
than Ne.
012 10.0 points
Which of the following statements concerning
valence bond theory is/are true?
I) Hybridizing one 2s orbital with two 2p
orbitals would produce three sp2 orbitals.
II) When sp3 d2 orbitals are created, three d
orbitals remain empty.
III) An sp3 d hybrid orbital has 20% scharacter.
1. II only
2. III only
3. I only
4. I, II, III correct
5. I, III
6. II, III
7. I, II
Explanation:
Statement I is true because hybridizing any
number of atomic orbitals always results in an
equal number of hybrid orbitals. Statement

Element First Ionization Energy

1
1310 kJ/mol
2
1011 kJ/mol
3
418 kJ/mol
4
2080 kJ/mol
5
947 kJ/mol
which element is likely to be a metal?
1. 4
2. 2
3. 5
4. 3 correct
5. 1
Explanation:
Metals form positive ions; therefore they
are likely to have relatively low first ionization
energies. (It will be easy to remove the first
electron.)
014 10.0 points
CAREFUL! You need to form the ions and
THEN compare their radii.
Consider the most stable ions which are
formed by the elements Sr, In, Te and I.
Which element will form the ion with the
largest radius?
1. I
2. In
3. Sr
4. Te correct

Version 049 Exam 2 fakhreddine (51025)

Explanation:
The ions which form are Sr2+ , In3+ , Te2
and I . Although size decreases from left to
right across the periodic table due to increasing effective nuclear charge, the negative ions
will be the largest ions, and the negative ion
with the largest charge will have the largest
radius since the electrons will repel each other
and the effective nuclear charge will be insufficient to overcome this repulsion.
015 10.0 points
NOTE: To help you locate Sb in the periodic
table, look under group 5.
Which set of quantum numbers is possible
for the highest energy orbital found in the
ground state of a antimony atom (Sb)?
1
2
1
2. n = 4, = 2, m = 2, ms = +
2
1
3. n = 5, = 1, m = +1, ms = + correct
2
1
4. n = 4, = 1, m = +1, ms = +
2
1
5. n = 5, = 1, m = 2, ms =
2
1. n = 5, = 2, m = 2, ms =

O
O

II)

O
1. II
2. Neither is correct
3. I correct
4. Both are correct
Explanation:
017 10.0 points
NOTE: Si is the CENTRAL atom and all the
other atoms are attached to Si.
Choose the correct description for SiOH2 .
1. polar, pyramidal
2. polar, trigonal planar correct
3. non-polar, T-shaped
4. polar, T-shaped
5. polar, tetrahedral
6. non-polar, pyramidal

Explanation:
Antimonys highest energy ground state
electron is a 5p electron. n = 5 = 1. Then
m can be -1,0, or +1 and ms can be +1/2 or
-1/2.
016 10.0 points
Based on formal charge considerations,
which of the following is a better Lewis structure for sulfate ion SO4 2 ?
O
I)

S
O

7. non-polar, tetrahedral
8. non-polar, trigonal planar
Explanation:
H
S

O is the most plausible structure;

H
formal charges are zero on all atoms. There
are 3 RHED around the Si atom and no lone
pairs, so the electronic and molecular geometries are trigonal planar. The Si H and
Si O bonds are polar and the dipoles do
not cancel.

Version 049 Exam 2 fakhreddine (51025)

018 10.0 points
Select the TRUE statement about compounds
with T-shaped geometries.
1. T-shaped molecular geometries always require sp2 d2 hybridizations.

020 10.0 points

CAREFUL! You need to draw a full Lewis
structure WITH lone pairs.
What is the electronic geometry around nitrogen in the molecule CH3 CH2 NH2 ?
1. trigonal pyramidal

2. If a compound has a T-shaped molecular geometry, it corresponds to an octahedral

electronic geometry.

2. square planar
3. linear

3. All angles in compounds with T-shaped

geometries are 90 degrees.
4. The central atom in compounds with
T-shaped geometries always obey the octet
rule.
5. Compounds with T-shaped geometries
have three atoms bonded to the central atom.
correct
6. All T-shaped molecules are non-polar.
Explanation:
Compounds with T-shaped molecular geometries are sp3 d hybridized. There are 3
atoms bonded to the central atom and two
lone pairs of electrons.

4. trigonal planar
5. bent
6. tetrahedral correct
Explanation:
021 10.0 points
The molecular geometry of ICl
2 is
1. trigonal planar.
2. octahedral.
3. trigonal bipyramidal.
4. tetrahedral.

019 10.0 points

How many oxygen atoms are present in a
formula unit of calcium acetate?
1. 2
2. 5
3. 1
4. 3
5. 4 correct
Explanation:
The calcium ion is Ca2+ ; the acetate ion
is CH3 COO . Two CH3 COO are needed
to balance the charge on each Ca2+ ; so the
formula is Ca(CH3 COO)2 .

5. linear. correct
Explanation:
The central atom I has 3 lone pairs of electrons and two bonds surrounding it. The
molecular geometry of the molecule is linear while the electronic geometry is trigonal
bipyramidal.
022 10.0 points
NOTE: The font might be confusing, but the
first atom is a chlorine.
Consider the molecule CNO. Nitrogen is
the central atom. Using valence bond theory,
describe the location of the nitrogen electrons.
1. two unpaired electrons in sp2 orbitals and
two paired electrons in an sp2 orbital

Version 049 Exam 2 fakhreddine (51025)

3. silicon hexachloride
2. two electrons in the 2s orbital and three
unpaired electrons in the 2p orbitals
3. two unpaired electrons in sp orbitals and
two unpaired electrons in p orbitals
4. two unpaired electrons in sp2 orbitals, a
pair of electrons in an sp2 orbital, and one
electron in a 2p orbital correct
5. three unpaired electrons in sp2 orbitals
and two unpaired electrons in 2p orbitals
6. three unpaired electrons in sp2 orbitals
and one pair of electrons in a 2p orbital
Explanation:
023

10.0 points

Rank the crystal lattice energy of the

following salts from greatest to least:
KCl, CaS, KI, RbI, MgO.
1. CaS > MgO > KI > KCl > RbI
2. CaS > MgO > RbI > KI > KCl
3. MgO > CaS > KI > KCl > RbI
4. CaS > MgO > KI > RbI > KCl
5. MgO > CaS > KCl > KI > RbI correct
Explanation:
Lattice energy is directly proportional to
charge density. Consequently, the salts with
the largest charges will have the largest lattice
energies. Among salts with the same charges,
the ones with the smallest ionic radii will have
the largest lattice energies.
024 10.0 points
Name the compound SCl6 .
1. sulfur(VI) chloride
2. sulfur hexachloride correct

4. silicon chloride
5. sulfur chloride
Explanation:
Prefixes such as di-, tri-, etc. are used
when more than one compound can be made
from the elements involved. This commonly
happens when two or more nonmetals come
together to form a compound. Since S, sulfur,
and Cl, chlorine, are both nonmetals, more
than one compound may form between them.
To avoid confusion, prefixes are then used,
and the compound is named sulfur hexachloride.
025 10.0 points
How many moles of lithium phosphate are in
85.7 g of this substance?
1. 0.306578
2. 0.341986
3. 0.676199
4. 0.386893
5. 0.265989
6. 0.531978
7. 0.717652
8. 0.60452
9. 0.17272
10. 0.740105
Correct answer: 0.740105 mol.
Explanation:
mLi3 PO4 = 85.7 g
Lithium ions have a charge of +1. Phosphate ions have a charge of 3. The formula
for lithium phosphate is Li3 PO4 .
To convert moles to grams, we first must determine the formula weight of Li3 PO4 , which
is based on the atomic weights of the elements
in the compound.
Each mole of Li3 PO4 contains 3 mol of
Li, 1 mol of P, and 4 mol of O. We know
the atomic masses of each of these elements
from the periodic table. Using these atomic
masses we calculate the grams of each of these
elements in one mole of Li3 PO4 :

Version 049 Exam 2 fakhreddine (51025)

? g from Li = 3 mol Li

6.941 g Li
1 mol Li

= 20.823 g Li
30.9738 g P
? g from P = 1 mol P
1 mol P
= 30.9738 g P
15.9994 g O
? g from O = 4 mol O
1 mol O
= 63.9976 g O
To get the mass of one mole of Li3 PO4 we
add the masses of the component parts:
FWLi3 PO4 = 20.823 g + 30.9738 g
+ 63.9976 g
115.794 g Li3 PO4
=
mol Li3 PO4
This formula weight can be used to convert
g Li3 PO4 to mol Li3 PO4 :
mol Li3 PO4 = 85.7 g Li3 PO4
1 mol Li3 PO4

115.794 g Li3 PO4

= 0.740105 mol Li3 PO4
026 10.0 points
Calculate the lattice enthalpy of sodium chloride given the following enthalpy data.
Na(s) Na(g)
+107 kJ/mol
Na(g) Na+ (g) + e
+496 kJ/mol
1
Cl2 (g) Cl(g)
+122 kJ/mol
2

Cl(g) + e Cl (g)
-349 kJ/mol
1
Na(s) + Cl2 (g) NaCl(s)
-411 kJ/mol
2
1. -1485 kJ/mol
2. +717 kJ/mol

Explanation:
107+122+496-349 = +376 kJ
Which is to get from the elements Na(s)
and 1/2 Cl2 (g) to the gaseous ions Na+ and
Cl .
-411 to get to the product NaCl (s)
Now take the difference : -411 - 376 = -787
kJ/mol
027 10.0 points
Calculate the number of carbon atoms in 4.56
grams of ethanol (CH3 CH2 OH).
1. 2.53 1026 atoms
2. 1.19 1023 atoms correct
3. 1.79 1023 atoms
4. 5.49 1024 atoms
5. 5.97 1022 atoms
Explanation:
mCH3 CH2 OH = 4.56 g
Each CH3 CH2 OH molecule contains two
carbon atoms. There are Avogadros number
of ethanol molecules in one mole of ethanol.
We need the molecular mass of ethanol so we
can convert grams of ethanol to moles ethanol:
Molecular mass of CH3 CH2 OH
= 2(12.01 g/mol) + 6(1.01 g/mol)
+1(16.00 g/mol)
= 46.08 g/mol
We can use this molecular mass to convert
g ethanol to mol ethanol:

? mol ethanol = 4.56 g CH3 CH2 OH

1 mol CH3 CH2 OH

46.08 g CH3 CH2 OH

= 0.09896 mol CH3 CH2 OH

3. -35 kJ/mol
4. -787 kJ/mol correct
5. +787 kJ/mol

We can now use Avogadros number and the

ratio of C atoms to CH3 CH2 OH molecules to
find the number of carbon atoms:
? atoms C

Version 049 Exam 2 fakhreddine (51025)

= 0.09896 mol CH3 CH2 OH

6.022 1023 molec CH3 CH2 OH
1 mol CH3 CH2 OH
2 atoms C

1 molec CH3 CH2 OH

= 1.192 1023 atoms C

028

10.0 points

The predicted geometry of ICl3 would be

1. trigonal pyramidal.
2. linear.

5. trigonal planar.
Explanation:
Cl

Cl
ICl3 has 3 I Cl single bonds and 2 lone
pairs on I. There are 5 regions of HED resulting in a trigonal bipyramidal electronic
geometry and T-shaped molecular geometry.
029
For the reaction

mHCl = 12.1 g

The balanced chemical equation is

Sb2 S3 + 6 HCl 2 SbCl3 + 3 H2 S ,
and either Sb2 S3 or HCl will limit the amount
of SbCl3 that can form.
If we assume that Sb2 S3 is the limiting
reactant, the number of grams of SbCl3 that
can be produced is
1 mol SbCl3
339.6 g Sb2 S3
2 mol SbCl3 228.1 g SbCl3

1 mol Sb2 S3
1 mol SbCl3
= 22.3396 SbCl3 .

4. T-shaped. correct

Explanation:
mSb2 S3 = 16.6298 g

? g SbCl3 = 16.6298 g Sb2 S3

3. trigonal bipyramidal.

Cl

Correct answer: 22.34 grams.

10.0 points

? Sb2 S3 + ? HCl
? SbCl3 + ? H2 S ,
how many grams of SbCl3 (228.1 g/mol)
could be formed from 16.6 grams of Sb2 S3
(339.6 g/mol) and 12.1 grams of HCl
(36.5 g/mol)?
1. 21.0
2. 23.07
3. 23.64
4. 26.14
5. 21.75
6. 19.97
7. 25.22
8. 20.18
9. 22.34
10. 22.69

If we assume that HCl is the limiting reactant, the number of grams of SbCl3 that can
be produced is
1 mol HCl
36.5 g HCl
2 mol SbCl3 228.1 g SbCl3

6 mol HCl
1 mol SbCl3
= 25.2056 SbCl3 .

? g SbCl3 = 12.1 g HCl

Since a smaller amount of SbCl3 can be

produced with the given amount of Sb2 S3 ,
Sb2 S3 is the limiting reagent, and a maximum
of 22.3396 SbCl3 can be produced.
030 10.0 points
Which of the following combinations of hybridization and molecular geometry is not
possible?
1. sp3 ; tetrahedral
2. sp3 ; angular
3. sp3 d2 ; angular correct
4. sp3 d2 ; octahedral
5. sp2 ; angular

Version 049 Exam 2 fakhreddine (51025)

6. sp3 d; linear
Explanation:
Angular molecular geometries can only be
formed from sp2 and sp3 hybridizations.
031 10.0 points
Which of the following electron configurations
would represent a diamagnetic species?
1. [Ar] 3d5 4s2
2. [Ne] 3s2 3p5
3. [He] 2s2 2p3
4. [Ne] 3s2 correct
5. [Ar] 4s1
Explanation:
A diamagnetic species would have no unpaired electrons. So, species with an odd number of electrons cannot be diamagnetic. This
eliminates all of the possibilites here except
[Ne] 3s2 .

10