NAPZA is the abbreviation of Drugs, Alcohol, psychotropic, and other Adiktif Him.

In other
words, which is often used drugs (What materials and other dangerous)

NAPZA is substance-chemical substance that is inserted into the body, either oral (by mouth),
dihirup (through the nose) There are many terms used to zatzat shows abuse of dangerous. In this
book will be used next term NAPZA (Drugs, Alcohol, psychotropic substances, and other
Adiktif Him) with a note not all types of NAPZA will be discussed in detail and specific, such as
the Alcohol and Tobacco. or intravenous (through a syringe) that can change your mind, mood or
feeling, and the behavior of someone.

Use of NAPZA continued dependence will lead to physical and / or psychological as well as
damage to the nervous system and the autonomous organs. NAPZA consists of materials that are
natural (natural) and synthetic (artificial). Material consisting of natural herbs and plants, while
the synthetic derived from chemical materials.

b. Narcotics

General

NARCOTIC: oxygen-natural or artificial substances (synthetic) materials from the opium / or
derivation kokaina and padanannya - used in medical or misused - that have the effect psikoaktif.

The understanding, according to Law

According to Law No. RI. 22/1997 on the drug, are Narcotics drugs or substances derived from
plants or plant is not good synthetic and semi-synthetic, which can cause a decrease or change in
consciousness, loss of pain, and can cause dependence. Narcotics are differentiated into 3 groups
as follows:

*
Narcotics group I: Drugs that can be used only for purposes of science and is not used in the
therapy, and has very high potential to lead to dependence. Example: heroin, cocaine and
marijuana.

*
Narcotics group II: Drugs that have for treatment, used in the therapy and / or for the
purpose of the development of knowledge and have the potential to lead to dependence.
Example: morphine, petidin, derivative / salt in the group.

*
Narcotics group III: Drugs that have to treat and is often used in the therapy or the purpose
of development and science and has the potential to cause mild dependence Example: codeine,
salt-salt drug in the class.

c. Alcohol

Alcohol: active substances in various liquors, ethanol contains a functioning central nervous
pressing

d. Psychotropic

General

Psychotropic substances: a substance-substances in various forms of pills and drugs that affect
the awareness of these drug targets because they are centers in the central nervous system (brain
and spinal marrow). According to the Law no.5/1997 Psikotropik include: Ecxtacy, shabu-shabu,
LSD, sedation / sleep, depression, anti-drug and anti psikosis. Meanwhile PSIKOAKTIVA is the
term generally used to mention all the substances that have an effect on the chemical
composition of the brain causing changes in behavior, feelings, thoughts, perceptions, awareness.

The understanding, according to Law

According to Law No. RI. 5 / 1997 on psychotropic substances: psychotropic drugs or substances
are both natural and synthetic drug use is not, that have psikoaktif through selective effect on the
central nervous system that causes changes in the typical mental activity and behavior.
Psychotropic distinguished in 4 groups as follows:

* Psychotropic group I: psychotropic substances, which can be used only for the purpose of
knowledge and is not used in the therapy, and have strong potential to cause dependence
syndromes Example: MDMA, ekstasi, LSD, SC

* Psychotropic class II: psychotropic medications that have to and can be used in therapy and
/ or for the purpose of knowledge and have strong potential to lead to dependence syndrome.
Example: Amphetamine, fensiklidin, sekobarbital, metakualon, metilfenidat (ritalin).

* Psychotropic group III: psychotropic substances that have for the treatment and many are
used in therapy and / or for the purpose of knowledge and potential are causing the dependency
syndrome. Example: fenobarbital, flunitrazepam.

* Psychotropic class IV: psychotropic substances that have for the treatment and is widely
used in the therapy and / or for the purpose of knowledge and have the potential to cause mild
dependence syndrome. Example: diazepam, klobazam, bromazepam, klonazepam,
khlordiazepoxide, nitrazepam (BK, DUM, MG)


e. Oat Adiktif

ADIKTIF other substances which are substances-substances that cause dependence, such as
substance-solvent substances, including inhalants (aseton, thinners, solvents paint, glue).
Oxygen-oxygen is very dangerous because it can turn off the brain cells. Adiktif substances
including nicotine (tobacco) and caffeine (coffee).

a. based on material pembentuknya

1. NATURAL

taken from plants such as hashish, opium, kokaina, mushroom, cactus, tobacco, coffee, areca nut,
betel, etc..

2. Synthetic

made from chemical or pharmaceutical mixed with natural materials such as: amphetamin,
codeine, glue, etc..


b. based on the effects of work

1. Coming up

Napkin is the type of work that is able to drive the heart, lungs pumping with a more viable and
enable the various hormones transmitter in the brain that cause taste fresh and vibrant.

2. Pressing

Napkin is capable of slowing the heart beat and pulse, slow job lungs and reduce the transmitter
in the brain that cause taste or sense of quiet slumber

3. Roil

Napkin is the type of performance that is able to affect the central nervous system, brain and
spine so that they can cause halusinasi, see and feel the reality false.

c. on how to use

* Put in the mouth (Oral)
* Disuntikan to the body (Injection)
* Placed in the wound
* These (sniffed) / hirup (inhaled)
* Entered through the anus (anal insertion)




d. based on form



* Dilution
* Pasta
* Pill / capsule
* Crystal / block
* Powder
* Gas
* Layer of paper (impregnated paper)



a. Opioda / Opiat, that is astringent, either natural, synthetic or semi-synthetic taken from the tree
Poppy (papaver somniferum). Opiat (drug) is a group of drugs that calm the nerves and reduce
pain. Derivative Opioda / opiat is:

1. Opium extracted from the sap of trees that Poppy dried and pounded into powder / white
powder

2. Morphine made from the results of the commingling between tree sap Poppy (poppy) with
other chemicals. So the semi-synthetic. In the world of medicine, oxygen is used to reduce pain.
But because of the negative effect, then its use is replaced with synthetic drugs. Morphine used
in medical treatment because they can offer pain, can lower blood pressure, can cause sleep
effects. The influence of physical morphine is nausea, mengecilnya pupil eyes, feeling the weight
feet, itching on the face and nose, often yawning, hot on the stomach, sweat, lessening
respiratory merinding, and decreasing body temperature. The psychological effects that are felt
sleepy, disruptive mental function, decreasing appetite and sex, apathetic, and difficult to
concentrate. Morphine also remove the sense of panic and fear.

3. Heroin from morphine extracted through a chemical process. Heroin is not used in the
medical world because of the dependency of the effects that cause very heavy, and strength far
greater than morphine. The amount is only slightly raises the effects. Normal form of heroin
powder slightly brown color. Derivative heroin, which is now widely used putaw that lead to
dependence is very heavy for users. Heroin is usually used by injecting through the blood vessels
(with different morphine) because of the effect far more quickly and noticeably longer restrained.
There is also a way to use them breathe through the nose. Such as morphine, heroin can reduce
pain, reduce emergency, pacify and provide security. Like other opiat, heroin cause of tolerance,
physical dependence and psychological dependence.

Heroin / Putauw drugs is a very hard substance with a high adiktif powders, flour, or liquids.
Heroin "entice" users quickly, both physically and mentally, so the business fields to reduce pain
and cause even more extraordinary

Symptoms appear in the business stop using heroin, along with the form of pain even,
accompanied by cramps in the stomach will taste like fainting, headache and vomiting, out of
snot, watery eyes, no appetite, and loss of body fluids

One popular type of heroin that is "putauw" namely heroin with a rate lower (grade heroin
five or six) of white. This type of heroin known by various names: putauw, white powder, PT,
white, etep, etc.

4. Codeine and morphine various derivative. Codeine is widely used in the medical world,
among other pressing to cough (antitusif) and to improve the pain (analgetik). Because the effect
can lead to dependence, the use of drugs is still being monitored by health institutions. 5.
Metadon, opiat sintetika type, with power, such as morphine, but the symptoms did not end drug
sehebat morphine, so metadon used in the treatment dope morphine, heroin, and other opiat.



b. Alcohol is a liquid that contains substances Ethylalkohol. Alcohol is classified as NAPZA
because they have the nature calm the central nervous system, affecting body function and
behavior of someone, change the mood and feeling. Alcohol is pacify, although also can
stimulate.

Alcohol affects the central nervous system in such a way that they control the behavior
decreased. The effects alcohol is not the same in all people, but is influenced by factors of
physical, mental, and the environment. Many of the opinions that the danger of alcohol is much
greater than other drugs. This is no truth, as compared to other drugs has alcohol as follows:
stimulate, tranquilize it, the pain, drugging, to make happy. When the dependence has occurred,
the situation is more specifically called Alcoholism According to some experts, alcohol is the
substance psikoaktif the most dangerous.



c. Sedativa or sedatif-hypnotic is a substance that can reduce the function of the central nervous
system. Sedativa can cause a sense of relaxation and cause a big (often called bromide). Sedativa
usually used to reduce stress or difficult to sleep. Because of tolerance and physical dependence,
then the symptoms end drug bias is far more powerful than drugs with opiat end. Zatzat is also
easy to create psychological dependence. In farmokologi sedativa can be distinguished between
barbiturat and not barbiturat. Barbiturat is the type of synthetic drugs used to make people sleep,
to reduce the sense of panic, and to control spasm, reduce high blood pressure. Some types of
barbiturat that is often misused: Dumolid, Rohypnol, Magadon, Sedatin, Veronal, Luminal.
Nonnarbiturat, for example, the Methaqualone shaped white pill (such as Mandrax / MX).
Sedativa bias lead to coma and even death if used beyond measure.



d. Trankuiliser or sedation initially created to calm the people without making people sleep, as a
replacement berbiturat considered the cause side effects. In the language of day-to-day medicine
as a sedative called for the emergency without feeling you want to sleep. Mayor Trankuiliser
among others used to treat sick people to be able to pacify (example: largactil, serenal, laponex,
stelazine). Minor Trankuiliser used to provide emergency and tranquility in people who suffer
from stress, neurosa interruption or interference psikosomatis. In farmakologi, there are 3 major
groups trankuiliser, namely benzodiazepin, meprobamate, and antihistamin.

Benzodiazepin group including among the most misused (example: Activan, Mentalium,
Diazepin, Frisium, Sedatin (BK), Lexotan, Valium). Compared sedativa, is considered less
trankuiliser dangerous, but when mixed with alcohol, will be very dangerous.

e. Caffeine, substances that can be found in coffee, tea, chocolate and soda drinks (such as Coca
Cola). In low doses of caffeine is not dangerous but can be refreshing. But in high doses, caffeine
can cause jittery, can not sleep, trembling, rise in blood sugar, lose coordination, decreased
appetite, can even poisoning. Effect caffeine, as well as the other drugs, will be highly dependent
on the amount of usage and the person.

Cocaine is a stimulant substances white crystalline powder that disuling from Coca leaf
(Erythroxylon Coca), which grows in the mountainous Central and South America. As also
amphetamin, kokaina is a concept / stimulates the central nervous system so that users feel
comfortable and impassioned. Effects arise because the relatively short, and after a turbulent
feelings lost, people will use it again to remove the sense of malaise. Use of the chronic can
cause digestion, nausea, loss of appetite, decreasing body weight, sleeping difficult, and the
suspicion or halusinasi light. When kokaina disedot through the nose, also incurred damage to
the nose bone. Cocaine is a drug that is very dangerous and cause a big psychological
dependence.

G. Amphetamin, is a synthetic substance that resembles cocaine, the form of a pill, capsule or
powder. Amphetamin stimulation is being used to change the mood, enhance the spirit, reduce
fatigue and feeling sleepy, increase self-confidence, and reduce weight. But because the dose
will continue to grow, then the drug is not used again in a diet program. For those who misuse
drugs, the effect is to obtain energy and spirit high and when is intoksikasi. Amphetamin types
include: Dexedrine, Laroxyl, Reactivan. Amphetamin increase heart rate, blood pressure, and
breathing, and reduce appetite. The user can sweat, dry mouth, sleepy, and worried. High doses
cause someone merinding, pale, trembling, loss of coordination, and fainting. Amphetamin
injection can cause the increase in blood pressure that lead to sudden stroke, high fever, or a
weak heart. Many people feel amphetamin depends on the psychological, physical dependence,
while not unduly great.

h. MDMA (Methylene Dioxy speed lines), which is known as Ecstasy is very popular among the
young. Unfortunately, the myth has developed that is safe drugs, the reality is not so. Research in
the United States found that the drug is very dangerous because they damage the system of the
brain and heart work. MDMA, is derived substances that have a speed nature stimulate ssp
(stimulant) and engage perception (hallucinogen). This form of medicine tablets and used by way
swallowed. Various pills called Ecstasy is often not only contain the substance MDMA, but a
mixture of various substances such as methamphetamine, Caffeine, dextromethorphan,
ephedrine, and Cocaine. The impact of MDMA abuse is very serious. MDMA works in the
brain. Similar to other amphetamines, MDMA increase activity in the brain, which could hamper
the functions of the brain that should be. Research proves that MDMA is also very bad impact on
the working heart of the system (cardiovascular system) and the ability to manage body
temperature. Because the use of MDMA are often associated with physical activity and high long
(dance for example), then the greatest impact on the heart of the system working. As a result of
long-term abuse of MDMA is brain damage, disruption soul (psychiatric) such as: nervous,
paranoid, can not sleep, and remember the power interruption.

Ecstacy (MDMA), including psychotropic substances and is usually manufactured illegally in the
laboratory and made in the form of a tablet or capsule. Ecstacy encourage the body to work
outside the boundaries of physical ability, so the body can lose body fluids. Users can die
because of lack of body fluids or too much to drink because of thirst.

Effects caused by the use of ecstacy: diarrhea, excessive thirst sense, hiperaktif, headaches and
dizziness, headache uncontrollable, fast heart rate and often, accompanied by nausea, vomiting,
loss of appetite. Ecstacy is known by the term: inex, I, buttons, etc..

i. Methamphetamine is a very strong concept affect the central nervous system. These drugs are
categorized as psycho-Stimulation amphetamin such as cocaine and the often misused. The
medicine is made from various synthetic substances in the form of white powder, clear and not
smell the dihirup and disuntikan. Because the shape of the cornea so he called Ice, or crystal.
Methamphetamin is derived amphetamin and therefore in terms of content and effects of
substance users almost the same cause, namely high activity and reduce appetite. Because drug
abuse is to stimulate enthusiasm and elation (euphoria).

Methamphetamin abuse can lead to dependence, which further disturbance in the cause of
various heart, stroke, high temperature, and also in the case of the death of over-dose.

Shabu-shabu (a type of Methamphetamine) shaped crystals, no smell and no color. Therefore,
given the name "Ice". Ice is the nickname for methamphetamine. Ice has a very strong effect on
the network nervous. Ice users will become dependent on drugs in this otherworldly. Use a long
time can cause inflammation in heart muscle, and even death.

The effects caused on the user Ice: a decrease in body weight, the most severe convulsions that,
halusinasi, liver and kidney damage, heart damage, stroke, even death. Ice is known by the term:
shabu-shabu, crystal, ubas, ss. Mecin, etc..



j. Derived from tobacco plants Nicotania tabacum. A nicotine stimulates the heart and nervous
system. At diisap tobacco, increases heart rate and blood pressure rise is due to nicotine. But for
the heavy smoker, smoking can be pacify. Other substances are tar contains elements that cause
cancer and respiratory disturbances. Meanwhile, other substances are carbon monoxide in the
smoke is very dangerous. This reduces the oxygen carrying capacity of oxygen to the body
network and the body can cause arterioklerosis (mengerasnya vessel). The influence of long-term
disruption in the lungs and heart. Tolerance can appear and cigarettes can cause physical or
psychological dependence, although not sehebat substances psikoaktif other. Symptoms
addictive form of headache, anxiety, fear, difficult to sleep, trembling or tired.



k. LSD (Acid Lysergie Diethylamide)

the drugs that are not in color, no smell, and taste is not. LSD sold in the form of a pill, capsule,
or liquid, and is used by eaten / drunk and disuntikkan. Intoksikasi symptoms that arise, among
others: changes senses, pupil broad, rapid heartbeat, sweaty, pulse, views, vague, trembling,
interference motor coordination, emergency preparedness, assessment of the power interruption
and reality. Hallucinogens such as LSD also other does not cause physical dependence, but
psychological.



l. Mold Psilosibina and psilosuna

Mold Psilosibina and psilosuna the reaction is almost the same as LSD, namely, the emergence
of colors, shapes, and halusinasi, especially when a large dose. The physical effects: relaxing on
the body, legs and stomach cold, eye pupil shrink. There is opinion that the fungus has the effect
of a more powerful visually than other hallucinogens.



m. Meskalina

psikoaktif the substances contained in the cactus and peyota had halusinasi.



n. Inhalants

namely chemical substances in the solvent that easily evaporate, among others: The liquid /
solvent (similar uhu glue, nail paint remover, lighter gas, gasoline, spidol, oil paint; Materials
spray (mosquito repellent, pewangi room, paint, hairspray ); Medicine drug (ether, chloroform).
Dihirup fields with disedot or through the nose to drift effects arise. Directly from the influence
of inhalants is a headache, dizziness, sneezing, coughing, bloody nose, feeling tired, loss of
coordination, loss of appetite, heart rate and respiratory reduced. is the influence of other
disturbances of vision, speech cadel, watery eyes. Use of inhalants is continuously can damage
lives, kidney, blood, bone marrow. The psychological cause: forget, is difficult to think,
oppression, hostile attitudes, and attitudes skeptical (suspicion).

Inhalants is a very harmful substances that can cause weakness because of the heart, brain
damage, and sudden death. Even death can arise at the time the first try inhalant. Inhalants cause
high tolerance, so people need to breathe more to get the same effect. Physical dependence can
arise, but stronger psychological dependence.



0. Marijuana / Cannabis

Cannabis, or Cannabis sativa, the plant is a kind of grass that contains, among other chemical
substances 9 tetrahidrocannabinol (delta - 9 - THC), or more often known as THC is psikoaktif
substances that affect the feelings and vision and hearing. When people first smoke marijuana,
the reaction will also vary depending on the strength of THC and dose used. There is no sense of
any reaction, but there also get a strange feeling or fear.

Cannabis creating dependency mentality that was followed by physical addicted in a long time.
When someone continually smoke marijuana, then the long-run damage arising as bronchitis,
Sinusitis, emphysema, and pharingitis. Effects are caused, among others, the loss of
concentration, increased heartbeat, loss of balance and coordination body, uneasiness and panic,
depression, confusion or halusinasi. Psychological symptoms: quail, declining school
performance and achievement of sport, quickly changed the mood, difficult to concentrate, loss
of short-term memories. Cannabis, or marijuana, also known by the term: marijuana gele,
cimeng, hash, kangkung, Oyen, ligament, bang, labang, grass or grass, etc..





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a. It understanding Napkin

What is the abuse of NAPZA?

NAPZA in the first found and developed for the treatment and research. The goal is for the good
of mankind. However, various types of drugs are then also be used for purposes not research and
treatment, but misused to search for pleasure or temporarily overcome the problem temporarily.
The use of drugs without medical guidance is abuse. NAPZA abuse tends to lead to dependence /
dependency, or addicted. Usually the abuse resulted in serious consequences, and in some cases
can be fatal and cause death and economic and social losses are extraordinary.

NAPZA abuse is the use of NAPZA not for the purpose of treatment or used without the
supervision of a doctor or rules. Used many times or continuously. Often lead to addictive or
dependency of both the physical / mental emotional and physical. Cause physical and mental
emotional social function.

How people abuse the NAPZA?

NAPZA abuse is the use of drugs and substances, hazardous substances other with a purpose not
for the purpose of treatment and / or research and are used without following the rules and the
correct dose. The use of continuously and will result in continued dependence, dependency,
adiksi or addicted.

Because NAPZA Dangerous,

* Used without doctor supervision

* Abuse usually have many dangerous mix, is no longer pure (designer drugs)

* Measures not in accordance with the requirements

* Generally abuse Napkin used concurrently with other substances, substances which have
effects that different

* Individual personality factor that interact with the effects of drugs


b. Users phases Napkin

Since the beginning of curiosity, fun-loving / ray-ray, often at the beginning of user-minded that
if only try-try it may not be so addicted / addictive. Indeed, although only guesswork
(Experimental users) degrees of unwitting will be increased (intensive users) and will ultimately
become very dependent on these drugs (compulsary users). In the case of drug users usually can
be distinguished in:

Please try the user -

Usually to meet curiosity or so recognized by the group

Users Social / Recreation

Usually to revel in recreational or leisure time, generally performed in groups

Users Situasional

To remove the feeling is usually tension, sadness, frustration

Users Dependence

Usually it is not able to consume through the day without Napkin, would do anything to get

More people are not consumers, many users simply try, try and stop, there are a number of
people only use the opportunities for sexual or social acceptance, some of the user that is
repeated and as a search NAPZA needs, and a small number are users who have been unable to
extricate themselves from NAPZA (depending, addicted).



Internal

The first is the Individual. Individulah the highest determine whether he will or will not become
drug users. The decision is influenced by encouragement from within and outside himself.
Encouragement from the usually concerning the condition kejiwaan personality and someone
who is able to make or not able to protect themselves from abuse NAPZA. Encouragement or
motivation is predisposisi to use drugs, for example, want to mencobacoba, NAPZA opinion that
can solve the problem, etc.. Encouragement can use NAPZA due masalahpribadi such as stress,
not confidence, fear, inability to control themselves, mental and psychological pressures facing
various problems, and more concerning themselves or someone's personality. Personality is not
only formed from the individual but also influenced by the values that are embedded through the
process since small enkulturasi and sosialisai of family and community environment.

The ability establish the concept of self (self concept), a value system firmly since the small, and
emotional stability are some personality characteristics that can help someone to not easily
influenced or pushed using NAPZA.

Factors individual causes penyalahgunan NAPZA among others:

* The big curiosity to try, without conscious or think about the consequences for long

* The desire to try-try as "curious"

* The desire to have fun (just for fun)

* The desire to follow the trend or style (Fashionable)

* The desire to or received by environmental groups (konformitas)

* Running from boredom, or the bitterness of life

* The use of the one that is no cause addictive

* Not afford or do not dare to face pressure from environmental groups or association to use
NAPZA

I can say NO to NAPZA


External

The second factor is the community and the environment are not able to prevent and tackle abuse
NAPZA, even the use of the opportunity to open NAPZA. Is a factor in the opportunity here is
the availability of situations "permissive" (allowing) for use in NAPZA spare time, in places
such as recreation diskostik, parties, etc.,. Environmental association and the environment as one
of the strongest supporter to use NAPZA. The desire to embrace the values in the same group
(konformitas), recognized (solidarity), and can not reject the pressure group (peer pressure) is a
matter yag encourage the use of NAPZA. Encouragement from the outside is a challenge,
persuasion, pressure and coercion against individuals for use NAPZA while individuals can not
reject it.

Outside can also be caused by the influence of mass media, which show the lifestyle and various
other stimulus that directly or indirectly encourage the use of NAPZA. On the other hand, people
also are not able to even let NAPZA sales and circulation, for example, because of weak law
enforcement, sales of medicines freely, the business of organized drug. NAPZA more easily
obtained dimanamana affordable. Various opportunities to acquire and use NAPZA easier to use
and the occurrence of abuse NAPZA



Substances in the Napkin

The third factor is the oxygen-oxygen in the NAPZA. When someone is accustomed to use
NAPZA, the physical and psychological (sugesti) these people can not live normally without any
substance-NAPZA substances in the body. Physically, he will feel no pain and very comfortable
when there is no substance that normally exists in the body. Penderitaannya pain and will only
stop when the substance is being re-located in the body. In a psychological sense, he favors a
need he felt normal oxygen-oxygen when the body reacts in the form of changes in feelings and
thoughts. When the pleasure is not there, and wounded mind focused only on those needs.

Mind and return calm when wounded these substances back in the body. Oat-substances that
give "pleasure" for users encourage the use of repeated, prolonged period of use, and dependence
because of the increased dose of the counting (tolerance). This is like a vicious cycle that causes
dependence.


RESULTS FROM MISUSE
Physical

NAPZA effects for the body NAPZA depending on the type, amount and frequency of use, how
to use and whether the drugs are used together with the other, psychological factors (personality,
hopes and feelings when using) and biological factors (weight, allergic tendency, etc.)
RESULTS FROM MISUSE

Physical

NAPZA effects for the body NAPZA depending on the type, amount and frequency of use, how
to use and whether the drugs are used together with the other, psychological factors (personality,
hopes and feelings when using) and biological factors (weight, allergic tendency, etc.)

In a physical organ of the body most affected are the central nervous system, brain and the sum-
sum vertebrae, autonomous organs (heart, lungs, liver, kidney) and sensory (because the affected
central nervous adlah order). Basically NAPZA abuse will result in complications in all organs,
namely:

1. Interference in the nervous system (neurologic) as kejangkejang, halusinasi, awareness
interference, damage to nervous edge

2. Disturbances in the heart and blood vessel (cardiovascular), such as acute infection of the
heart muscle, blood circulation ganguan

3. Interference in the leather (dermatologis) such as: pernanahan, former injection, allergic

4. Disturbances in the lungs, such as: the emphasis Respiratory function, the trouble breathing,
stiffening the network paruparu, penggumpulan foreign objects that terhirup

5. Disturbances in the blood: the formation of blood cells disrupted

6. Interference digestive (gastrointestinal): diarrhea, stomach inflammation and pancreas,
hepatitis, liver perlemakan, stiffening and the diminution hearts

7. Disorders such as the reproductive system interruption until barrenness sexual function,
reproductive function interruption, irregularity menstruation, congenital defect in the fetus that
dikandung

8. Interference in the muscle and bone inflammation, such as acute muscle, decrease muscle
function (due to alcohol)

9. Hepatisit can terinveksi viruses B and C and HIV as a result of the use of syringes together.
When this proved one of the main reason for the spread of HIV / AIDS rapidly, occur through
the exchange of syringes among injection drug users (Injecting Drug Users)

10. Death. Already too many cases of deaths occur due to the use of NAPZA, mainly because
of the excess (over doses) and death due to AIDS and other diseases.

Psychological / Psychological

Physical and psychological dependence is sometimes difficult to be distinguished, because
ultimately affect more psychological dependence. Dependence on NAPZA cause people no
longer can think and behave normally. Feelings, thoughts and behavior are influenced by
substances that dipakainya.

Various interference psikhis or kejiwaan that often experienced by their mishandle NAPZA
among other depressed, paranoid, suicide experiment, to do violence, etc..

Kejiwaaan this interference can be temporary but also permanent bias because the rate on
kergantungan that the higher NAPZA. The most obvious psychological disturbance when users
are on the stage compulsif is very strong and eager almost can not control the encouragement to
use NAPZA. ENCOURAGEMENT psychological wear and reuse is very clear on who the user
is addicted.

Many users already have psychological problems before NAPZA use and abuse NAPZA a
fugitive or business to overcome the problem. NAPZA seemed certain to strengthen feelings of
depression in certain users. Similarly, when they failed to stop. Depression also will be
experienced because of the negative attitude and treat people against drug users.

Psychological symptoms experienced by the regular drug users are:

1. Toxicity (Intoksikasi), is a situation when the substance-use substances that have started
drug users and blood affect the behavior of consumers, for example, can not speak normally
again, thinking, etc. slow. The behavior of drunk people is one of the intoksikasi NAPZA.
2. Increasing Dosage (Tolerance), the term used to indicate that a number of substances that
require more to get the same effect after repeated use. In the long period of time, or the number
of doses used will be increased. Tolerance will be lost if the symptoms disappear end drugs.
3. Disconnect medicine symptoms (withdrawal syndrome) is a situation where consumers
have a variety of physical and psychological disturbances due to substances that do not get
regular use it. Symptoms include restlessness, sweaty, pain, mualmual. Symptoms end drug
showed that the body requires substances or materials that are usually used. Symptoms end will
be lost when the drug needs will be met again substances or when the user is already freed from
dependence on substances / medications. Handling the symptoms of dropouts means not handle
drug dependency on drugs. Symptoms end medicine done, not necessarily depend on obatpun
completed.
4. Dependence (dependency), is a situation where someone always need oxygen / certain
drugs that can function in a reasonable physical or psychological. Users can not live without
reasonable substances / drugs are.

Social-Economic

Concerning the social impact of environmental interest the wider community outside the self-
users themselves. Environmental community is family, school, place of residence, even the
nation. NAPZA abuse that is increasingly widespread harm to the community in various aspects
of life from the aspect of health, social, psychological, legal, economic, etc..

Aspects of Health. In the aspect of health, use of NAPZA to have caused the low level of health
care users. But the abuse NAPZA not only result in poor self-users but also other people
associated with them. NAPZA through the use of syringes with, for example, has proven to be
one of the causes of the increase drastically the spread of HIV / AIDS in the community, in
addition to other diseases such as Hepatitis B and C. Some types of NAPZA very popular at this
time as putaw and shabu-shabu is also used by menyuntikan to the body (in addition swallowed
or dihirup). The use of syringes NAPZA through alternate is one of the most efficient way to
transmit HIV / AIDS in many developing countries, including Indonesia, until now. To this day
have not found drugs to cure or prevent AIDS. Meanwhile, the data show that drug users and
those affected by AIDS through the use of NAPZA (via syringes and unsafe sex) is the fact that
they are young and productive. What will happen when the nation is part of the population read
the produktifnya sick and died because NAPZA and AIDS.

Furthermore, the drug users also spread HIV through sexual intercourse with a partner-spouses
so fast spread of HIV also in the wider community.

Social and Psychological Aspects. NAPZA abuse tends to lead to heavy pressure on the people
nearest the user, such as siblings, parents, relatives, friends. Family as the smallest unit of society
should bear the burden of social and psychological forms, to handle family members who have
been in the fall of abuse NAPZA. Can be public, such as what will be created, if more and more
families where many members are drug users.

Legal Aspects of Safety and Security would not want any connection with the abuse NAPZA.
Various research indicates that many of deviant behavior, such as rhubarb, tawuran, crime, theft,
robbery, sexual risk behavior, etc.. influenced or even triggered NAPZA by the use of. NAPZA
Users often can not control themselves and behave in accordance with the norms general public.
On the other hand, dependence on NAPZA often encourage users to do anything in order to meet
the needs will NAPZA, such as steal and rob. Deviant behavior is clearly disrupt the tranquility
and comfort the people affected by the behavior of NAPZA abuse, for example, with the
occurrence of various criminal behavior. Users NAPZA difficult to control and prikiran behavior
also easily hurt (in some cases even killed) himself and others.

Economic aspects. Economic aspects of the abuse NAPZA is very clear that the diminishing
human resources and productive potential to build the country. The user NAPZA not help, but
has become a burden for the country. Not only in the form of lack of productive labor and
donations, but the country had a very large cost to tackle the problem of abuse NAPZA. Care and
handling of the user NAPZA is not cheap. The costs to community health clearly increased with
increasing health problems resulting from the use of NAPZA.

It is a big economic losses from the abuse NAPZA good for individuals, communities and
countries. Research has not found one that specifically examine the economic impact of abuse
NAPZA in Indonesia. But sebagaui reference, you can use the results of research conducted by
The Lewin Group for the National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol
Abuse and Alcoholism estimates that the total economic cost to NAPZA abuse in 2000, about $
161 billion, or about 14 trillion rupiah.

* $ 110 billion, or around 9.9 trillion rupiah for lost productivity

* $ 12.9 billion or 1.1 trillion rupiah for the cost of health

* $ 35 billion or 3.1 trillion rupiah for the cost of prevention and countermeasures NAPZA

* Other costs that can be measured with money, such as child mortality, pain, child birth
defect because the mother of users, keterlantaran, etc..


Estimated cost is continuously increased compared to previous years due to the increase in the
HIV epidemic and the number of abuse NAPZA from year to year. This study also states that
most (46 percent) costs must be borne countries, and others (44 percent) covered by the users
and their family members. Circumstances such as this is also possible to describe the situation of
Indonesia. Estimated cost / loss countries include:

1. Cost NAPZA abuse prevention (prevention, control, the handling by law enforcement)

2. Costs for health care and other costs that berkiatan with health care and treatment of disease
due NAPZA abuse and other related diseases such as over-dose, hepatitis B and C, HIV / AIDS,
heart disease, etc.. Medical care and rehabilitation at home pain and rehabilitation centers,
handling victims of violence due penyaklahgunaan NAPZA; Counseling and psychological
treatment; health insurance, etc..

3. Costs associated with lost productivity (the country) because of disease and early death;
prolonged period of treatment in care institutions such as hospitals or rehabilitation centers, a
detainee at the prison because of violations of the law. In short, the loss of production capability
from the victim and the perpetrator of violence resulting from the use of NAPZA

4. Other social costs such as crime, violence, disruption and social welfare. More than half the
cost of the country that issued related to crime and violence as a result of abuse NAPZA, among
other measures of prevention, treatment and detention by law enforcement (police and the
courts); damage and lost goods, etc..

It countermeasures NAPZA



a. Prevention (preventive)



Reducing supply

Usually associated with the steps law enforcement against NAPZA making or planting,
processing, transportation and circulation and trafficking of NAPZA. Political willingness to
reduce the supply is not always there, especially in countries producing illegal crops (raw
material NAPZA). Even if there is political willingness to take legal pihakpihak involved in the
supply, then the difficulty is facing resistance from the parties to take advantage of the large
supply (syndicates). Various other efforts to reduce supply NAPZA and are still conducted in
various countries such as replacement of the plant, perundangundangan about NAPZA and
international and multilateral agreements.

Reduction of supply will not be successful during the trading NAPZA able to generate huge
profits for the efforts and there is no demand reduction efforts. Supply reduction can be
successful when started at the root problem: law enforcement, corruption eradication, economic
development, etc..



Reduce demand

Usually done in the form of preventive and curative efforts. Preventive efforts are usually shaped
or prevention education about the dangers of NAPZA and the provision of alternative activities
that other people do not wear NAPZA. These efforts also include therapy on the user to reduce
their consumption. NAPZA and education about the impact of the poor are usually aimed at the
general public, young people through programs in schools and outside schools, and the drug
users themselves.

Education programs that contain messages and campaigns are the bulk of this is usually not too
big impact in reducing the use of NAPZA, especially when you give the impression that the use
of NAPZA is the enemy or pariah because this only makes users hiding but does not reduce the
use of NAPZA. Education is the more successful of the addicted as a disease, drug users and
therefore need the support and therapy. With sympathy and empathy (not approve) to drug users
as "victims" from a situation (social, economic, political, etc.) that are not harmonious, the
therapy can be more successful. Therapy works, especially the dependence NAPZA, requires
more than just cleaning detoksifikasi or poison-NAPZA poison from the blood, but a thorough
understanding of each individual user (the type used, the duration of use, individual
characteristics, etc.) that can be done therapy approach in accordance with the character and
problems of each individual.

Campaign with the slogan slogan-less effective because it is usually not the target. The correct
strategy should be based on the understanding that a thorough and precise about the problems of
drug users so that the therapy is carried out in accordance with the background and problems
typical users. Clearing the wrong perception about NAPZA and change the slogan to slogan-
scientific understanding more useful to bridge the gap between the understanding of the general
public with the scientific facts about NAPZA

Addicted to respond to the disease and provide services to cure disease with attention, do not
behave judge, and enforce ethics (to maintain confidentiality, respect the dignity and rights as a
patient, etc.) will be far more effective to reduce the demand will NAPZA than repressive
approach or excision, for example. Please note therapy is usually not enough once, but can rarely
repeated because of a dope successful direct samasekali after a stop therapy.

Treatment drug users will not only help the patients themselves, but also useful for the
community because it will improve the social and psychological fungis, reduce crime and
violence, and reduce the spread of AIDS, and also will reduce the very many losses because of
the cost of abuse NAPZA.



Reduce the negative impact

Is a short-term efforts to prevent the negative impact of the wider use of NAPZA. This strategy is
mainly focused on the prevention of the negative impact widespread dissemination of HIV /
AIDS through the use of syringes NAPZA. Basic theory is that reality diberantas can not
NAPZA in quick time and in the near future.

NAPZA availability and social circumstances that demand will be delivered NAPZA resulted in
NAPZA demand will continue to progress. This strategy involves several stages: from
encouraging users to stop using NAPZA if you can not stop, stop encouraging users to use the
injection if NAPZA can not stop injecting the way, make sure he does not share / exchange with
all the equipment suntiknya when other users still can not how to stop sharing, to ensure (and
train and encourage) the user of the equipment to menyucihamakan each injection. During the
reduction impossible negative impact this has been done, the user is not as passive recipients of
services, but actively involved in the prevention of the negative impact NAPZA for himself and
others. To do this, the various ways to approach user groups.

Programs on the reduction of the impact of bad behavior change basically aims, including: the
provision of information to bring to users on the various risks panggunaan NAPZA; NAPZA
with the diversion of drugs / substances instead of a more secure (metadon); education outreach
by contemporary educators; distribution of sterile syringes and disposal of syringes used;
counseling and HIV testing among drug users; increase the chance of health services for drug
users.





b. Healing (Curative)

That business penalnggulangan a secondary means of prevention during the use of already
occurred and the efforts needed healing (treatment). This phase is usually handled by
professional institutions in the field of medical institutions such as clinics, hospitals, doctors.
This phase usually includes:

1. The receipt of the initial phase (initial Intake)

between 1 - 3 days to do with the physical and mental examination, and
2. Detoksifikasi phase and

between 1-3 weeks to make the reduction of dependence materials adiktif gradually.
3. Medical therapy complications





c. Recovery (rehabilitation)

# The business penalnggulangan of participations, the effort to rehabilitate those who have been
using and in the process of healing. This stage takes quite a long time and are usually carried out
in institutions such as the rehabilitation of clinics and community groups yangn formed
specifically for the (Therapeutic Community). This stage usually consists of the stabilization
phase, between 3 - 12 months, to prepare the user back to the community, and

# Phase socializing in the community, so that the former trespasser drugs must be able to develop
a meaningful life in the community. This stage is usually the form of counseling activities, create
support groups, to develop alternative activities, etc..




It Napkin relationship with HIV / AIDS Relationships and sex is not safe



A. It Napkin between Relations with free sex and unsafe

As described in length above, there are two characteristics that the effects of the NAPZA able to
trigger a drug users to sex is not safe to free, namely:

* Decrease in the level of awareness (awareness) is a person who was under the influence of
NAPZA. On the effect of this is an individual have less self control of the action will take, I
think the consequences for these actions (including the sexual relationship is not secure free).

* In several types of NAPZA, increase sexual desire that the effect is caused when sesorang
are under the influence. On the effects of this self control will be someone with the desire
seksualnya increased.



B. Abuse between Napkin with HIV / AIDS

* Albeit not all drug users, but most users of several types of NAPZA tend to use syringes as
a media fields. The use of syringes and do not seril alternately very vulnerable to transmission of
the HIV / AIDS (infected and transmit).

* The more egregious, is that drug users, people living with HIV (People with HIV / AIDS)
will make it more quickly enter the phase of AIDS. This is because the characteristics NAPZA
that undermine the body's organs. Including smoker, because cigarettes are the same.




Social skills are helpful



a. The ability to stress
No person is not problematic in this world, and each person has their own views about what is a
problem for him and how serious the problem for him. The problems of this nature very
subjective. Problems can be called as a stressor / sources of stress, and generally can be grouped
into lifestyle psychosocial, bioekologikal and personality. Psychosocial: the source of stress such
as divorce, death, frustration, the task heap, miss someone, etc.. Bioekologikal: source of stress is
like biological lack of vitamin / certain substances in the body, eating and drinking habits, use of
drugs; and the ecological changes such as climate and all kinds of pollution. Personality: the
source of stress as a negative self-concept, type-A personality, the inability to control the
personal lives, worried that excessive reaction. Stress in the number of little we actually need to
encourage us achieve something in life. However, if we can not overcome them, then our body
will be "eaten accidentally" by the stress and life The result can be shattered. So essentially, is
how we should manage the stress that we do not disrupt life. How do we face the problem will be
very dependent on what the source of the problem. For example, if the problem is it difficult to
adjust, then said how can we live with a set that is relatively routine, do not often change jobs,
move, etc.. Or when the source is the frustration we feel easy because we desire "difficult" is
reached, then we can learn express our feelings, or to create an alternative target to be achieved,
etc.. Or when the source is because of our low self, then we can try to register things that are
positive in our life, learning assertif, etc..


In principle, each person has their own way it deems "effective" to tackle the problem. To make
sure that we use is effective or not is whether the problem really feel when we face such a
manner? If not, how we face the problem still has not been effective. How to face the problems
that are not effective actual fact burdensome for us, because we sacrifice when using the method
is likely to harm. As pay Rp.100.000, - but only get from the rubber thong. NAPZA intensifying
levels of stress by giving the exit from the pseudo-problem that we face a problem because
actually be when we do not use drugs. Other people can often help us to provide or find a way to
overcome the problem effectively. All people are entitled to have the hope and desire,
irrespective of the possibility pewujudannya. As a small child says "I want to be president,"
nobody has the right desire melarangnya although it may be difficult to realize. Hope, aspiration,
desire is one of the "energy" for our lives. People who already do not have any desire in this
generally would want to quickly end his life. Instead they still have the desire, not still try to
maintain their life and at least try to lead them to achieve these wishes. Therefore it is important
for us to blow away the hope in our lives, especially when expectations are realistic enough / to
be realized easily.


To help us find the desire and realize the realistic expectations in life, we can begin registering
with the resources we have. These resources can be generally grouped into 3 groups, namely the
physical and material (such as income, clothes, beautiful face, etc.); social support groups (for
example, have friends, counselors, teachers, family, etc.); private groups themselves (such as
taste humor, honesty, a sense of affection towards other people, etc.). Look at the resources you
have, at least you will find that you have something in this life! And something that will help you
to lead your life to things that are more positive than what has occurred during this.


STEP-STRESS LEVEL

* STAGE WARNING: There is a complex physiological response that begins by the stressor.
Appear muscle tension, heart rate and so forth.

* PHASE resistance: using the entire body of their ability to combat stress reaction.

* PHASE exhaustion: Resources exhausted. Resistance decreased. Disease or death came.


b. To overcome low self -

Low self is a condition where a person can not appreciate and accept themselves abreast with
other people, feel no barriers in all things, and feel themselves have shortcomings. Many
problems experienced by teenagers who come from a low sense of self. These problems include:
desert, NAPZA abuse, teenage mischief, crime, and others. Inferiority complex can occur since
the age of the children and could also appear when the teenagers. To state that this sense of low
self need to get serious attention by the appropriate handling can avoid the problems of
adolescents from the failure of the future.

Factors Contributing to Low Self

* Factors Endogen (from the):
o disability
o less intelligent
o default (genetics)
* Exogen factor (from outside):
o the influence of the environment (family, school, society)
o illness: depression, skizophrenia



Characteristics Flavored Low Self

1. lonely, oppressed, and not happy

2. difficulty interacting with other people

3. people fear denied

4. too close to people carefully so effectively too rigid and formal

5. petrous acted as if aware of the situation himself so many weaknesses

6. suspicious person on the other

7. do not believe that he has a surplus

8. difficulties appear to the public



In people who have self confidence following characteristics: Capable of self-control, respect
other people, Intropeksi itself, self-expressions, Appreciating the potential self. Usually people
who have a level of confidence sufficient, will be in a mengaktualisasikan able environment and
lingkungannyapun will receive a positive he can protect themselves from the negative influences
of-the harm and thus can provide benefits to the environment. In people who have a level of
confidence that is excessive or less, it will have problems in their lives, because the environment
will react negatively on its. They are generally very easily influenced or pressured to do things
that harm the environment so that the negative and life itself.

To overcome the sense of low self teenagers should be able to develop a healthy self-concept.
Namely by:

1. Learning about yourself can be done with a view sifatsifat advantages and disadvantages of
the self. Sifatsifat can we ask the people around us. If we have opinions from people about our
less correct, then we should not be affected. Once we know our weaknesses and our advantages
so we can better know who our real self.

2. Learning is sensitive to suggestions and criticisms from other people about ourselves so that
we will increasingly rich introduction ourselves.

3. The ability to develop as possible.

4. Receive and acknowledge themselves as ordinary human beings with all the shortcomings
and advantages and drawbacks.

5. Think positive about ourselves and others.

6. Mix with many friends.

7. Following kegiatankegiatan positive in our efforts to find bakatbakat.


c. assertif attitudes and reject the call

Attitude assertif

Assertif is an ability to communicate what is desired and thought, but to other people with
respect and keep the feelings of others. In assertif behave, someone is consistent with what was
already, and be honest (heart, word, and movement) in the feelings, opinions and needs without
any conscious intention to manipulate, exploit or harm the other party and delivered on the
situation right.

Someone said if assertif only able to behave himself in the sincere feelings, thoughts and views
on the other hand, without harming or threatening the integrity of the other party. Conversely,
someone said that aggressive or delivered by someone had impressed harassing, offensive, hurt,
humiliate and even to control the other parties, so there is no sense of mutual respect in
communicating it.

Many people do not behave assertif, because there is a feeling in himself afraid of other people,
afraid of himself, if not more popular or accepted in the environmental groups or friends
shoulder. So in addition to maintaining a continued relationship, is also often used as the reason
because the group does not want to make friends or shoulder wound. Even by letting himself
disposed of non-assertif (those feelings, differences in opinion), thus harming the very
relationships that exist because one of the parties and will be used other people feel.

Reject Call (Negotiation)

Negotiation skills is the ability to perform in a fresh bid process that will result in an agreement
or transaction with the other parties (groups, peers, alleys, etc.). In this process, involving the
business of both parties to affect the understanding of each situation that will be encountered.

Negotiation skills essential, especially for the youth so that they can protect themselves from a
call or a compulsion such as the use of their NAPZA. Negotiation skills at the same time can
provide young people with the ability to face and survive "the challenges facing seharihari. For
example: young people should have the ability to say "no" on call to use NAPZA. Teenagers
who have negotiating skills but also must have the ability to think critically, and take the right
decision in the face of various challenges and choices in life.

How to Reject the influence of the Hurting Or Call

Although teenagers need to keep interacting with each other without choosing a friend-owners,
but they also must remain able to keep socially harmful and does not endanger themselves and
their environment. Hammer and the influence of any solicitation from the first, the teenager must
still have the confidence to dare to reject things that can be harmful and membahayakannya such
as:
1. reject a call that is not helpful (hangouts while ngeganja).

2. reject the call clear disadvantage and violate kosopanan (sell / distribute drugs / NAPZA)

3. reject the call to the act of frightening or suspicious, (found duct NAPZA)



Or reject the influence of friends do not call must be made with raw or angry, but it can be done
with a fine and politely, but firmly and with a reasonable excuse. With a good way but firmly
(assertif), a friend who can understand and will stop persuade or force. Look caracara reasons
and the right to reject, without hurt feelings of our friends.


TIPS TO REJECT call

1. To be valued people, should not always follow the will of others. Strong opinion that people
are usually more popular and valued friends. Katakana only: "sorry, I do not want to try"

2. Rejecting a call must be presented with clear and unequivocal. Said: "no, thank you!" Or
"sorry, I do not take the bias."

3. If you need or do not feel comfortable, once leave the place without a doubt. Said: "I must
go, I must meet with a friend" or "there are other things I should do?"

And it is more important ....