DAILY POINTS TO RECALL (DAY 4)

1. a. Remaining life = t actual t required

corrosion rate
b. L. T. Corrosion rate = t initial t actual_____________
years between t initial & t actual
c. S. T. Corrosion rate = t previous t actual______________
years between t previous and t actual
2. If corrosion rate is not available for new service, it shall be
determined within 3 months of service and shall be confirmed b
s!bse"!ent meas!rements.
3. #$%& of 'i'ing sstem is wor(ed o!t on basis of)
#$%& =
D
SEt 2
. t = t actual 2 x corrosion loss up to next insp.
*or !n(nown material, ass!me lowest grade and lowest +oint
efficienc 'ermitted b the Constr!ction Code.
,. $!thori-ation for re'air ma be given b Ins'ector, however
a!thori-ation for alteration shall be given onl after cons!ltation with
and a''roval b 'i'ing engineer. $fter com'letion, all re'airs and
alteration wor( shall be chec(ed and a''roved b Ins'ector.
.. $ tem'orar re'air ma be made b fillet welding a 'late 'atch if
S#/S of 'i'e does not e0ceed ,1,111 'si.
2. Insert 'atches ma be !sed for re'airs if)
a. *!ll 'enetration groove welds are 'rovided
b. *or class 1 and 2 'i'ing the welds are 1113 radiogra'hed or 4T
chec(ed and
c. &atches have ro!nded corners 15 min. radi!s
6. $n welding done on7stream shall be done in accordance with hot
ta''ing chec(list as 'er $&I 2211.
8. &re7heating 9and maintaining: to minim!m 311;* can be s!bstit!ted
as alternative to &%<T for &71 and some &73 steels 9e0ce't #n7#o
DAILY POINTS TO RECALL (DAY 4)
steels:. The weld shall be covered with ins!lation to slow cooling
rate.
=. *or other steels, &%<T has to be 'erformed as 'er constr!ction code.
11. &ress!re tests are normall re"!ired after alterations and ma+or
re'airs. <owever, >?@ mabe !tili-ed if &ress!re Test is not 'ractical,
if acce'ted b 'i'ing @ngineer.
11. The above grade s!rve of b!ried 'i'ing shall be cond!cted at an
interval of a''ro0imatel 2 months.
12. *or 'i'ing b!ried in lengths greater that 111 feet and not cathodicall
'rotected 9C&:, the soil resistivit shall be chec(ed at . ear interval.
13. *or 'oorl coated 'i'es or 'i'es with im'ro'er cathodic 'rotection,
close7interval 'otential s!rve shall be made ever . ears.
1,. Thic(ness meas!rement of b!ried 'i'es witho!t C& shall be done at
interval of ., 11, and 1. ears if soil resistivit is less than 2111,
2111 to 11,111 and more than 11,111 ohm7cm res'ectivel.
Thic(ness meas!rement is 'erformed b Aintelligent 'igging5 or b
e0cavation and 4T chec(.
1.. Lea( testing at minim!m 'ress!re = 1.1 0 #.B.&. shall be done at
half the above intervals for non7C.&. 'i'es and same intervals for C.&.
'i'es. &ress!re shall not dro' more than .3 in , ho!rs 'eriod
9&ress!re7?eca Test:.
12. Re'airs !sing clam's for b!ried 'i'es, the location and date of
clam' shall be shown on the mar(er 9flag: and also on the
ins'ection re'ort. Clam' shall be re'laced b 'ermanent re'air at
first available o''ort!nit.
16. $ll fatig!e fail!re ta(e 'lace d!e to initiation of s!rface crac( and
'ro'agation of crac( d!e to stress fl!ct!ation. There are 37t'es
of fatig!e fail!res.
If s!rface crac(s are d!e to stress concentration, weld
!nderc!ts, notches etc and stress fl!ct!ation d!e to mechanical
DAILY POINTS TO RECALL (DAY 4)
reasons 9!nbalanced shafts, alternate tension7com'ression etc.:
then it is #echanical *atig!e. If stress fl!ct!ation is d!e to
tem'erat!re swing, it is Thermal *atig!e. If stress fl!ct!ation is
d!e to vibrations, water hammer etc., it is Cibration *atig!e.
18. Corrosion @rosion is d!e to combined action of corrosion and
erosion. It can be red!ced b controlling corrosion 9b coating or
!sing corrosion resistant materials: and b controlling erosion
9b controlling flow velocit, 'roviding harder s!rface:.
1=. Ca!stic embrittlement occ!rs d!e to combined action of high
ca!stic strength and higher tem'erat!re. It can be controlled b
carring o!t &%<T and !'grading materials b >ic(el allos.
21. S!l'hidation occ!rs d!e to s!l'her or <
2
S content in the fl!id
handled. It can be red!ced b !sing Chromi!m containing steels
as constr!ction materials.
21. <igh tem'erat!re <drogen $ttac( 9<T<$: is d!e to migration of
<drogen atoms in the carbon steels which combines with
carbon in carbons steel at high tem'erat!re to form #ethane gas
9C<
,
: which collects at grain bo!ndaries ca!sing internal crac(s.
It can be red!ced b selecting the constr!ction materials
according to >elsen C!rves. 9The material sho!ld be above the
'oint of tem'erat!re and <drogen 'ress!re:.
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