EE9911 - 140630 - Intro 1-1

1
FROM CONCEPTS IN OPTICS TO ADVANCED PHOTONICS

Christophe Couteau & Guillaume Vienne
Department of EEE, Microelectronics Division
Nanyang Technological University, June 30 July 11 2014
Course EE9911
NTU EE9911 From Concepts in Optics to Modern Photonics - J une 30, 2014
2
The Authors: Phillip Hastigsputh, Dan Curticapean
University of Applied Sciences Offenburg
3
OUTLINE
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light around us
- History of optics
- Some new photonic technologies
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light aroundus
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
ITS OFFICIAL
INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF THE LIGHT 2015
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light aroundus
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
-Reference:
http://www.light20
15.org/Home.html
NTU EE9911 From Concepts in Optics to Modern Photonics - J une 30, 2014 4
Origin of Life
Sustainability
Culture
Universal
Flags
International
Inclusive
Colour
Spectrum, Science
Art and Culture
Education
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light aroundus
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
-Reference:
http://www.light20
15.org/Home.html
5
The Proclamation of an International Year of Light is a
tremendous opportunity to coordinate international
activities and promote new initiatives to support the
revolutionary potential of light technologies
How?
Clear themes, cross-cutting activities, communication
with the public
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light aroundus
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
-Reference:
http://www.light20
15.org/Home.html
6
The International Year of Light is a cross-disciplinary educational
and outreach project with more than 100 partners from over 85
countries
Why Light?
The science and applications of light creates revolutionary - but
often unseen - technologies that directly improve quality of life
worldwide
Communications Health Economy Environment Social
The International Year of Light is a cross-disciplinary educational
and outreach project with more than 100 partners from over 85
countries
Why Light?
Light-based technology is a major economic driver with potential
to revolutionize the 21
st
century [as electronics did in the 20
th
century]century]
Communications Health Economy Environment Social
100+ PARTNERS FROM 85 COUNTRIES
Conclusions
Why light and optics?
Light is central to science, technology, art and culture
Light can promote education at all levels
Light technology drives development
Why an International Year of Light?
The importance of light technology needs to be appreciated
International coordination will create durable programmes
We aim to inspire a new generation to study science through
light
The 21
st
century is the Century of Light
11
MY PATH
BETWEEN EUROPE & ASIA
UK (Southampton)
1992-1997
Denmark
(Copenhagen)
2000-2004
Japan(Tokyo)
1998-1999
China (Hangzhou)
2005-2009
China (Hong Kong)
2004-2005
France (Burgundy, IOGS)
When invited
Germany (Dortmund &
Karlsruhe) 1990-1992
Singapore
2009-Now
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light aroundus
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
-Reference:
http://www.light20
15.org/Home.html
11
12
BEAUTY OF OPTICS - OBSERVATIONS
Reflection
Rainbows
Aurora borealis
Refraction
Double
Refraction
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light aroundus
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
-Reference:
http://www.light20
15.org/Home.html
13
BEAUTY OF OPTICS - THEORY
Quantum Optics
Ray Optics
Wave Optics
EM Optics
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light aroundus
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
Reference:
Fundamentals of
Optics BEA
Saleh, MC Teich, A
Wiley Interscience
Publication
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SYLLABUS
Date Day Time Venue
30 June 2014 Monday 6.30pm to 9.30pm Introduction
1 July 2014 Tuesday 6.30pm to 9.30pm Laser & Applications
2 July 2014 Wednesd 6.30pm to 9.30pm Classical optics
3 July 2014 Thursday 6.30pm to 9.30pm Light matter interaction I
4 July 2014 Friday 1.30pm to 4.30pm Light matter interaction I
4 July 2014 Friday 6.30pm to 9.30pm Guided Optics & telecom
7 July 2014 Monday 6.30pm to 9.30pm Silicon photonics & nanofab
8 July 2014 Tuesday 1.30pm to 4.30pm Optical cavities and resonators
8 July 2014 Tuesday 6.30pm to 9.30pm Presentations
9 July 2014 Wednesd 6.30pm to 9.30pm Nanophotonics
10 July 2014 Thursday 1.30pm to 4.30pm Quantum optics
10 July 2014 Thursday 6.30pm to 9.30pm Presentations
11 July 2014 Friday 6.30pm to 9.30pm Summary & quizz
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light aroundus
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
15
THE MEDIEVAL LECTURE
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light aroundus
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
Reference:
David M Harrison,
From good to
great, NTU, 5
March 2014
The lecturer would
read the book to the
students
A few days later, he
would read the book
again, perhaps with
some commentary
A few days later,
the third reading
Has anything changed since then?
Todays students have the book too!
16
SYLLABUS
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light aroundus
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
Reference:
David M Harrison,
From good to
great, NTU, 5
March 2014
17
PRESENTATIONS
- Photosynthesis
- Random or mid-IR or polariton lasers
- Sun light
- Solar cells
- Photon Entanglement
- LED patterning for lighting
- Optical magnetometry
- 2D materials in photonics
- Numerical methods for photonics
- Plasmonic materials (including new materials)
-
Examples of subjects:
Individual, 20 min presentations
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light aroundus
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
18
EVALUATION
- Participation to the class (3/20)
- Presentation (10/20)
- Quizz (7/20)
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light aroundus
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
10Tb/in
2
areal density technologies
Thin Hybrid HD
STT-MRAM
PCRAM
RRAM
Nanofabrication
Spintronics
Plasmonics
Photo-Electronics
Green Data Centre technologies,
Petabyte Genome Data Centre Platform
Large scale data management
In-memory computing and analytics
Security
NON-VOLATI LE
MEMORI ES
HARD DI SK DRI VE
TECHNOLOGI ES
DATA CENTRE
TECHNOLOGI ES
ADVANCED CONCEPTS
&
NANOTECHNOLOGY
DATA STORAGE INSTITUTE CORE COMPETENCIES
Photonics
@
DSI
On-chip lasers
Nanoantennas & couplers
FIBER DEVICES
QUANTUM
OPTICAL DEVICES
HAMR
Plasmonic nanoparticle
array
MAGNETO-OPTICS
Magneto-optical Kerr effect
(MOKE) tester
NANOPHOTONICS & INTEGRATION
DSIs MAIN EXPERTISE IN PHOTONICS
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light around us
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
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Nature Mater. 9, 707 (2010) Nature Comm. 2, 218 (2011)
Nature Comm. 4, 1527 (2013)
Nature/Sci. Rep. 2, 492 (2012)
New ideas based on fundamental physics
Experimental verification of new ideas
Prototypes
Towards system integration
ADVANCED CONCEPTS & NANOTECHNOLOGY
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Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light around us
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
Reference:
The Business
Times, 28 J une
2014
Industry
Engagement with
Psiber Data
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RF
Antenn
a
Quantum-bio interfaces
D = 5 m
D = 4 m
D = 3 m
D = 2 m
Micro & Nanolasers Nanoantennas
Fiber devices
111/10111
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100kVEBL
Coat/Develop DUVScanner
LITHOGRAPHY
ICP/RIE
ChemicallyAssistedIBE
ETCH
RTP
ANNEAL
ICPCVD
IonBeamDeposition
DEPOSITION
ALD
Evaporation
MaskAligner/NIL
TubeFurnace
200 mm NANOFAB@ DSI CLEANROOM CLUSTER
LEDs on wafer (LUMINOUS!)
Tailoring light emission with semiconductor nanostructures (DSI)
OPTICAL NANOSTRUCTURES FOR LIGHTING
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light around us
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
25
Sensing magnetic fields with
nitrogen vacancy in diamond
Nanoring for nanoscale
Magnetic pulse generation
NANOSCALE MAGNETO-OPTICAL DEVICES
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light around us
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
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Fiber
Si
CMOS
Si/Metal
Photonic
Si
III/V Photonic
Nanowaveguide
coupler
Micro-laser on silicon
Super-GRIN lens
fiber-to-chip coupler
To develop an integration platform and key enabling technologies for
photonic-system on-chip and to develop applications for optical interconnect
and data storage, etc
Nanophotonic waveguide
and circuits
III-V ON SILICON FOR OPTICAL INTERCONNECTS
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active medium (III-V semiconductor)
emission
Directional on-chip light sources
(doi: 10.1038/ncomms1268)
Light-on-chip routing
RF Antenna
ON-CHIP INTERCONNECTS - NANOANTENNAS
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light around us
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
28
TPI collaborators:
COFT Prof. Luan Feng
Project Start Date: 1-Nov-12
Project End Date: 31-Oct-15
Project Leader: Lai Yicheng
Integration of ultra-fast laser to fibre draw tower.
Rapid fibre processing and dense
fibre device generation
- Material independent.
- Grating array with arbitrary
length and separation.
- No pre/post processing required.
Multi-dimensional inscription in fibre
enabled by ultra-fast laser.
8m
core
TSRP AOE
Draw tower grating inscription based on fs laser technology
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Nextgenerationopticalfibretechnology
Lightgeneration,modulationanddetectionwithinfibreitself.
Multimaterial,multifunctionalfibresthatsee,hear,senseandcommunicate.
SMART OPTICAL GRID AND DISTRIBUTED SENSORS
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light around us
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
Reference:
AF Abouraddyet
al., Nature Mat. 6,
336-347 (2007)
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Quantum
Spectroscopy:
IR spectroscopy with VIS
light via
entangled photons
demonstrated recently.
US Patent application 14/030 296 , 2013.
Microchannels in optical fiber for sensing.
Integratable in microfluidic chips.
Photodiode
Pump
laser
Nonlinear
crystal
Coincidence
Photodiode
i
i s p
+ =
Monochromator
Plasmonic
sensor
Enhancing SNR in spectroscopy measurements by exploiting
quantum correlations of single photons
ENVIRONMENTAL SENSORS
(quantum spectro, plasmonic sensors, microfluidics)
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light around us
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
31
32
PHOTONICS @ NTU
What do you see here?
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light around us
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
33
PHOTONICS IN NTU
Optics & Photonics News, J une 2014
Prof TjinSweeChuan
Director, Projects, President's
Office
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light around us
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonics
technologies
Reference:
Optics & Photonics
News, pp 22-23,
J une 2014
34
CENTER FOR DISRUPTIVE PHOTONICS
(CDPT)
CDPT Opening, 14 December 2012
School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences
Prof NI Zheludev& friends of photonics
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light around us
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
35
CENTER FOR LASER & OPTICAL ENGINEERING
(COLE)
Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering
Prof AnandAsundi
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light around us
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
36
CENTER FOR OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(COFT)
Shool of Electrical & Electronic Engineering
Prof KantisaraPita
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light around us
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
37
CENTER FOR OPTICAL FIBER TECHNOLOGY
(COFT)
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light around us
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
38
OPTIMUS
Encompasses many
fields of photonics with
special emphasis on
telecommunications
Prof Shum Ping
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light around us
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
To become a Centre of Excellence in research and development in the
various emerging areas of photonics.
39
SEMICONDUCTOR LIGHTING & DISPLAYS
(LUMINOUS)
Today lighting accounts for
about 19 per cent of total
electricity generation in the
world.
Prof Hilmi VolkanDemir and collaborators
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light around us
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
40
BIO-INSTRUMENTATION, DEVICES AND SIGNAL PROCESSING
(VALENS)
VALENS (Latin for strong, powerful,
healthy, able, worthwhile)
Photonics: Bio-imaging, lab-on-a-chip
Prof Ser Wee
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light around us
- Historyof optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
41
Name your favorite LIGHT heavyweight
(major contributor to optics)
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light aroundus
- History of optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
Recommended
reference:
-Optical
Anecdotes, DJ
Lovell, published
by SPIE - The
International
Society of Optical
Engineering (1981)
42 NTU EE9911 From Concepts in Optics to Modern Photonics - J une 30, 2014
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light aroundus
- History of optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
The Author: Florian J ung
University of Applied Sciences Offenburg
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light aroundus
- History of optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
43
FOCUSING MIRRORS
Archimedes sets fire to a roman fleet in Syracuse
(3 century BC)
44
CORRECTING LENSES
Nero used to watch gladiators through
a polished emerald (37-68).
In the middle-age correcting lenses became
a commercial success.
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light aroundus
- History of optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
45
SINUS LAW OF REFRACTION
SNELL, DESCARTES, OR IBN SAHR
10
th
century:
IBN SAHR used the sinus law of refraction
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light aroundus
- History of optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
Reference:
Ibn
Sahl, inventeur de
la loi de la
refraction, B
Guizal and J
Dudley, Pour la
Science Nov. 2002.
46
MICROSCOPES
What if we combined two lenses?
1590 Zaccharias & Hans Janssen
-fe fo
-T

y
Fo
Fo' Fe
-y'
XVII
e
century: Applications in biology
Anton van Leeuwenhoek & Robert Hooke
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light aroundus
- History of optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
47
TELESCOPE & ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATIONS
OPTICS CHANGES OUR
VISION OF THE WORLD!
And challenges the
power of the church.
1609, Galileo, father of
astronomical observations (with
Tycho Brahe) introduced the
telescope.
-fe
fo
d
F
Positive
objective
Negative
eyepiece
E
O
f
f
M =
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light aroundus
- History of optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
What if we combined two lens?
48
FRANSCESCO MARIA GRIMALDI
1660 Grimaldi coined the word
diffraction (meaning to break
into pieces) and was the first to
make an accurate describe it.
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light aroundus
- History of optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
F M Grimaldi (1618-1663)
Jesuit, Mathematician and
Physicist
He noted that this
was in contradiction
with light following a
rectilinear path but
did not provide a
wave interpretation
What was the first diffraction grating?
49
CHRISTIAAN HUYGENS
Huygens advocated that light is a wave.
He supposed that the velocity of light
was finite (before Roemer first measured
it in 1679).
He treated light as superposition of
spherical waves.
He thought that light was a longitudinal
wave.
Widely recognized as inventor of
the magic lantern, an early projector.
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light aroundus
- History of optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
Christaan Huygens
(1629-1695)
A magic lantern
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light aroundus
- History of optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
NEWTONS IMMENSE CONTRIBUTION
Newton spent long hours
experimenting with optics.
He authored Opticks .
He proposed a theory of colours,
among many other contributions.
Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727)
"If I have been able to see
further, it was only because I
stood on the shoulders of
giants."
Newtons letter to Robert Hooke
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light aroundus
- History of optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
Reference:
La lumire dans
tous ses tats, A
Aspect, Pour la
Science Oct/Dec
2006.
NEWTONS POINT OF VIEW
A strong advocate of the corpuscular theory of
light, Newton fiercely rejected the wave theory
of light.
Taperet stone
(Egypt ca 900 BC)
Light emitted by the sun god
Horakhty appears as a flux
of multicolor flowers.
Btw, for the Greeks too,
vision was due to a ray
exiting the eye.
52
NEWTONS TELESCOPE
What if we combined two mirrors?
Newtons telescope
(1704)
Outline
- Introduction
- EE9911 program
- Light aroundus
- History of optics
- Somephotonic
technologies
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FROM CONCEPTS IN OPTICS TO ADVANCED PHOTONICS

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