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Page 1

MERCANTILE LAW
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS IN THE BAR EXAMINATION
FOR THE YEARS 1997 TO 2012
Subject: Bar Ops Submitted by: Submitted To: Date Submitted:
Emilia D. Severino Atty. Jethro M. Palayon
Harley Bulacan Professor
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION #
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
OF MERCANTILE LAW Theory of Manifestation #1
b. Joint accounts vs. Partnership #1
c. Commercial Transactions
d. Habitually engaged in commerce
SPECIAL LAWS
1. BULK SALES LAW a. Obligations of the Vendor #2 #18
b. Covered Transactions (Requisites) #3
c. Persons covered by Bulk Sales Law
d. Protection of creditors
2. BANKING LAWS a. PDIC; Coverage #7
b. Insolvency; Requirements; Prohibited #8 #19.a
Acts
c. Responsibilities of BSP #9
d. Secrecy of Bank Deposits; Exceptions #7 #20 #2 #15
e. Legal Tender #19.b
f. Limitations on Loan Accommodations
g. Classification of Banks
h. Central Bank Act- Receivership
i. General Banking Law-Redemption
j. General Banking Law-Related Interest
k. Conservator & Receiver of Bank
l. Safety deposit box: Relationship of bank &
SDB client
m. Bank deposit vs. deposit substitute
SUBJECT TOPIC
Page 2
MERCANTILE LAW
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS IN THE BAR EXAMINATION
FOR THE YEARS 1997 TO 2012
Subject: Bar Ops Submitted by:
Emilia D. Severino
Harley Bulacan
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
OF MERCANTILE LAW Theory of Manifestation
b. Joint accounts vs. Partnership
c. Commercial Transactions
d. Habitually engaged in commerce
SPECIAL LAWS
1. BULK SALES LAW a. Obligations of the Vendor
b. Covered Transactions (Requisites)
c. Persons covered by Bulk Sales Law
d. Protection of creditors
2. BANKING LAWS a. PDIC; Coverage
b. Insolvency; Requirements; Prohibited
Acts
c. Responsibilities of BSP
d. Secrecy of Bank Deposits; Exceptions
e. Legal Tender
f. Limitations on Loan Accommodations
g. Classification of Banks
h. Central Bank Act- Receivership
i. General Banking Law-Redemption
j. General Banking Law-Related Interest
k. Conservator & Receiver of Bank
l. Safety deposit box: Relationship of bank &
SDB client
m. Bank deposit vs. deposit substitute
SUBJECT TOPIC
26-Oct-13
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION #
#1
#4.a
#16
#4.c&d
#5.b/8.a #12 #4.c/#11
#4
#7
#8
#7.b
#5.a
Page 3
MERCANTILE LAW
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS IN THE BAR EXAMINATION
FOR THE YEARS 1997 TO 2012
Subject: Bar Ops Submitted by:
Emilia D. Severino
Harley Bulacan
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
OF MERCANTILE LAW Theory of Manifestation
b. Joint accounts vs. Partnership
c. Commercial Transactions
d. Habitually engaged in commerce
SPECIAL LAWS
1. BULK SALES LAW a. Obligations of the Vendor
b. Covered Transactions (Requisites)
c. Persons covered by Bulk Sales Law
d. Protection of creditors
2. BANKING LAWS a. PDIC; Coverage
b. Insolvency; Requirements; Prohibited
Acts
c. Responsibilities of BSP
d. Secrecy of Bank Deposits; Exceptions
e. Legal Tender
f. Limitations on Loan Accommodations
g. Classification of Banks
h. Central Bank Act- Receivership
i. General Banking Law-Redemption
j. General Banking Law-Related Interest
k. Conservator & Receiver of Bank
l. Safety deposit box: Relationship of bank &
SDB client
m. Bank deposit vs. deposit substitute
SUBJECT TOPIC
2007 2008 2009 2010 2012
QUESTION # QUESTION #
#5
#12 #5
#1.c
#14
#1.b
#1
#8 #1.e
#9
#8
#2.a, b
#2.c, d
Page 4
MERCANTILE LAW
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS IN THE BAR EXAMINATION
FOR THE YEARS 1997 TO 2012
Subject: Bar Ops Submitted by:
Emilia D. Severino
Harley Bulacan
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
OF MERCANTILE LAW Theory of Manifestation
b. Joint accounts vs. Partnership
c. Commercial Transactions
d. Habitually engaged in commerce
SPECIAL LAWS
1. BULK SALES LAW a. Obligations of the Vendor
b. Covered Transactions (Requisites)
c. Persons covered by Bulk Sales Law
d. Protection of creditors
2. BANKING LAWS a. PDIC; Coverage
b. Insolvency; Requirements; Prohibited
Acts
c. Responsibilities of BSP
d. Secrecy of Bank Deposits; Exceptions
e. Legal Tender
f. Limitations on Loan Accommodations
g. Classification of Banks
h. Central Bank Act- Receivership
i. General Banking Law-Redemption
j. General Banking Law-Related Interest
k. Conservator & Receiver of Bank
l. Safety deposit box: Relationship of bank &
SDB client
m. Bank deposit vs. deposit substitute
SUBJECT TOPIC
# OF TIMES
AS OF 2012
2
4
2
2
2
10
2
2
2
2
Page 5
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION #
SUBJECT TOPIC
3. TRUST RECEIPTS LAW a. Liability for Estafa #12
b. Liability of Entrustee for loss of goods
subject of trust receipts
c. Liability of officers who signed the TR
d. Definition Trust Receipts
e. Trust Receipts vis--vis Loan
f. Prohibited acts
4. INSOLVENCY & CORPORATE a. Insolvency; Obligation that #20
RECOVERY survive
(FINANCIAL REHABILITATION b. Insolvency; Suspension of #15 #5
& INSOLVENCY -FRIA) Payment; Rehabilitation
Principle of Equality in Equity
c. Insolvency - Assets and #15
Liabilities; Declaration of
Insolvency
d. Preference of Credit
e. Stay Order
f. Judicial Receivership: Applicability
Bulk Sales Law
5. WAREHOUSE RECEIPTS LAW a. Bill of Lading #1
b. Requisites - Delivery of Goods #14
c. Garnishment; Attachment of #8
Goods
Rights of Holder for Value #8
d. Validity of stipulations excusing
warehouseman from negligence #4
e. Negotiable/Non-negotiable WHR
f. Lien of Warehouseman
Page 6
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
SUBJECT TOPIC
3. TRUST RECEIPTS LAW a. Liability for Estafa
b. Liability of Entrustee for loss of goods
subject of trust receipts
c. Liability of officers who signed the TR
d. Definition Trust Receipts
e. Trust Receipts vis--vis Loan
f. Prohibited acts
4. INSOLVENCY & CORPORATE a. Insolvency; Obligation that
RECOVERY survive
(FINANCIAL REHABILITATION b. Insolvency; Suspension of
& INSOLVENCY -FRIA) Payment; Rehabilitation
Principle of Equality in Equity
c. Insolvency - Assets and
Liabilities; Declaration of
Insolvency
d. Preference of Credit
e. Stay Order
f. Judicial Receivership: Applicability
Bulk Sales Law
5. WAREHOUSE RECEIPTS LAW a. Bill of Lading
b. Requisites - Delivery of Goods
c. Garnishment; Attachment of
Goods
Rights of Holder for Value
d. Validity of stipulations excusing
warehouseman from negligence
e. Negotiable/Non-negotiable WHR
f. Lien of Warehouseman
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION #
#10
#13;#14 #8
#9
#6
Page 7
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
SUBJECT TOPIC
3. TRUST RECEIPTS LAW a. Liability for Estafa
b. Liability of Entrustee for loss of goods
subject of trust receipts
c. Liability of officers who signed the TR
d. Definition Trust Receipts
e. Trust Receipts vis--vis Loan
f. Prohibited acts
4. INSOLVENCY & CORPORATE a. Insolvency; Obligation that
RECOVERY survive
(FINANCIAL REHABILITATION b. Insolvency; Suspension of
& INSOLVENCY -FRIA) Payment; Rehabilitation
Principle of Equality in Equity
c. Insolvency - Assets and
Liabilities; Declaration of
Insolvency
d. Preference of Credit
e. Stay Order
f. Judicial Receivership: Applicability
Bulk Sales Law
5. WAREHOUSE RECEIPTS LAW a. Bill of Lading
b. Requisites - Delivery of Goods
c. Garnishment; Attachment of
Goods
Rights of Holder for Value
d. Validity of stipulations excusing
warehouseman from negligence
e. Negotiable/Non-negotiable WHR
f. Lien of Warehouseman
2007 2008 2009 2010 2012
QUESTION # QUESTION #
#2 #2.a
#2.b
5.a
5.b
#18
#18.c
#13
#14
#2
#11.b
Page 8
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
SUBJECT TOPIC
3. TRUST RECEIPTS LAW a. Liability for Estafa
b. Liability of Entrustee for loss of goods
subject of trust receipts
c. Liability of officers who signed the TR
d. Definition Trust Receipts
e. Trust Receipts vis--vis Loan
f. Prohibited acts
4. INSOLVENCY & CORPORATE a. Insolvency; Obligation that
RECOVERY survive
(FINANCIAL REHABILITATION b. Insolvency; Suspension of
& INSOLVENCY -FRIA) Payment; Rehabilitation
Principle of Equality in Equity
c. Insolvency - Assets and
Liabilities; Declaration of
Insolvency
d. Preference of Credit
e. Stay Order
f. Judicial Receivership: Applicability
Bulk Sales Law
5. WAREHOUSE RECEIPTS LAW a. Bill of Lading
b. Requisites - Delivery of Goods
c. Garnishment; Attachment of
Goods
Rights of Holder for Value
d. Validity of stipulations excusing
warehouseman from negligence
e. Negotiable/Non-negotiable WHR
f. Lien of Warehouseman
# OF TIMES
AS OF 2012
2
6
Page 9
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION #
SUBJECT TOPIC
6. SECURITIES REGULATION CODE a. Purpose of SRC #9
b. Manipulative Practices #19
c. Tender Offer Rule
d. Insider; Inside Trading
e. Exempt securities
f. Authority from SEC
g. Margin Trading Rule
h. Multi-level marketing scheme; Investment
Contract
7. LETTERS OF CREDIT a. Independence Principle
b. In case there is Order of suspension
of payment
c. Liability of a Notifying Bank
8. ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING a. Predicate crimes to money laundering
ACT b. Defenses
9. MISCELLANEOUS a. Deregulation;Privatization of Industry
b. Regulating of Domestic Trade
c. Energy Regulatory Commission
d. Howey Test
CORPORATION LAW a. Intra-Corporate; Jurisdiction #3
b. Liabilities Stockholders, #4
Directors, Officers
c. Stockholders; Deliquent; #5
Unpaid Subscription
d. Effects; Winding up period #6 #18.b
of a corporation
e. Recovery of Moral Damages #16
f. Corporate Acts #18
g. Board of Directors: Qualifications/ #19 #18.a/#4/#11
Removal of Corporate Officers/BOD
Page 10
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
SUBJECT TOPIC
6. SECURITIES REGULATION CODE a. Purpose of SRC
b. Manipulative Practices
c. Tender Offer Rule
d. Insider; Inside Trading
e. Exempt securities
f. Authority from SEC
g. Margin Trading Rule
h. Multi-level marketing scheme; Investment
Contract
7. LETTERS OF CREDIT a. Independence Principle
b. In case there is Order of suspension
of payment
c. Liability of a Notifying Bank
8. ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING a. Predicate crimes to money laundering
ACT b. Defenses
9. MISCELLANEOUS a. Deregulation;Privatization of Industry
b. Regulating of Domestic Trade
c. Energy Regulatory Commission
d. Howey Test
CORPORATION LAW a. Intra-Corporate; Jurisdiction
b. Liabilities Stockholders,
Directors, Officers
c. Stockholders; Deliquent;
Unpaid Subscription
d. Effects; Winding up period
of a corporation
e. Recovery of Moral Damages
f. Corporate Acts
g. Board of Directors: Qualifications/
Removal of Corporate Officers/BOD
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION #
#6
#2.a
#3
#15
#4
#3.e
#6.b
#9.b
#12
#2
#2 #5.2
Page 11
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
SUBJECT TOPIC
6. SECURITIES REGULATION CODE a. Purpose of SRC
b. Manipulative Practices
c. Tender Offer Rule
d. Insider; Inside Trading
e. Exempt securities
f. Authority from SEC
g. Margin Trading Rule
h. Multi-level marketing scheme; Investment
Contract
7. LETTERS OF CREDIT a. Independence Principle
b. In case there is Order of suspension
of payment
c. Liability of a Notifying Bank
8. ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING a. Predicate crimes to money laundering
ACT b. Defenses
9. MISCELLANEOUS a. Deregulation;Privatization of Industry
b. Regulating of Domestic Trade
c. Energy Regulatory Commission
d. Howey Test
CORPORATION LAW a. Intra-Corporate; Jurisdiction
b. Liabilities Stockholders,
Directors, Officers
c. Stockholders; Deliquent;
Unpaid Subscription
d. Effects; Winding up period
of a corporation
e. Recovery of Moral Damages
f. Corporate Acts
g. Board of Directors: Qualifications/
Removal of Corporate Officers/BOD
2007 2008 2009 2010 2012
QUESTION # QUESTION #
#7
#13
#10
#17
#20
#4
#1 #17 #1.b
#1.a
#10
#11.c
#2.b
#9
#14.b
#9.c
Page 12
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
SUBJECT TOPIC
6. SECURITIES REGULATION CODE a. Purpose of SRC
b. Manipulative Practices
c. Tender Offer Rule
d. Insider; Inside Trading
e. Exempt securities
f. Authority from SEC
g. Margin Trading Rule
h. Multi-level marketing scheme; Investment
Contract
7. LETTERS OF CREDIT a. Independence Principle
b. In case there is Order of suspension
of payment
c. Liability of a Notifying Bank
8. ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING a. Predicate crimes to money laundering
ACT b. Defenses
9. MISCELLANEOUS a. Deregulation;Privatization of Industry
b. Regulating of Domestic Trade
c. Energy Regulatory Commission
d. Howey Test
CORPORATION LAW a. Intra-Corporate; Jurisdiction
b. Liabilities Stockholders,
Directors, Officers
c. Stockholders; Deliquent;
Unpaid Subscription
d. Effects; Winding up period
of a corporation
e. Recovery of Moral Damages
f. Corporate Acts
g. Board of Directors: Qualifications/
Removal of Corporate Officers/BOD
# OF TIMES
AS OF 2012
4
3
2
2
2
2
7
Page 13
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION #
SUBJECT TOPIC
Reduction of Number of BOD (GOCC)
CORPORATION LAW h. Foreign Corporation:
Nationality of Corporation #17
"Control Test"
Doing Business in the Philippines #17
i. Separate Juridical Personality #2 #16/#17
j. Pre-emptive Right; Appraisal #7 #3
Right
k. Merger: Effects #11
l. Conversion of Stock Corporation #1
m. Stock Corporation #2
n. Capital Stock
Increase of Capital Stock #5
Transfer of Stocks #7
Reacquisition of own shares
Stocks as compensation
o. Dividends
Declaration of Dividends #6
Cash dividend vs. Stock dividend
Source of funds
p. Dissolution of Corporation #8
Voluntary Dissolution
q. By-Laws #9
r. Piercing of Corporate Veil #10
s. Requisites for Incorporation
t. Tort committed by Corporation's
employees (doctrine of vicarious
liability)
u. Prohibition on passage of law creating
a private corporation
v. Inter-locking Directors (requisites)
w. Qualifications of Incorporators
x. Trust Fund Doctrine
y. Sale of corporate assets
z. Doctrine of Corporate Opportunity
aa. Derivative Suit; Requisites
bb. Commencement of Corporate Existence
cc. Corporation Sole
dd. Kinds of Coporation
Page 14
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
SUBJECT TOPIC
Reduction of Number of BOD (GOCC)
CORPORATION LAW h. Foreign Corporation:
Nationality of Corporation
"Control Test"
Doing Business in the Philippines
i. Separate Juridical Personality
j. Pre-emptive Right; Appraisal
Right
k. Merger: Effects
l. Conversion of Stock Corporation
m. Stock Corporation
n. Capital Stock
Increase of Capital Stock
Transfer of Stocks
Reacquisition of own shares
Stocks as compensation
o. Dividends
Declaration of Dividends
Cash dividend vs. Stock dividend
Source of funds
p. Dissolution of Corporation
Voluntary Dissolution
q. By-Laws
r. Piercing of Corporate Veil
s. Requisites for Incorporation
t. Tort committed by Corporation's
employees (doctrine of vicarious
liability)
u. Prohibition on passage of law creating
a private corporation
v. Inter-locking Directors (requisites)
w. Qualifications of Incorporators
x. Trust Fund Doctrine
y. Sale of corporate assets
z. Doctrine of Corporate Opportunity
aa. Derivative Suit; Requisites
bb. Commencement of Corporate Existence
cc. Corporation Sole
dd. Kinds of Coporation
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION #
#18/#19
#4 #4.b
#4.a
#3.a
#3.b
#5.1.a
#5.1.b
#5.1.c
#1 #7.b
#3.b
#3.a #1.a & b
#5 #1.c
#1.d
#4.b
#7.1 & 2
#7.a #7.2
#3.a
#3.a
#3.b; #3.c
Page 15
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
SUBJECT TOPIC
Reduction of Number of BOD (GOCC)
CORPORATION LAW h. Foreign Corporation:
Nationality of Corporation
"Control Test"
Doing Business in the Philippines
i. Separate Juridical Personality
j. Pre-emptive Right; Appraisal
Right
k. Merger: Effects
l. Conversion of Stock Corporation
m. Stock Corporation
n. Capital Stock
Increase of Capital Stock
Transfer of Stocks
Reacquisition of own shares
Stocks as compensation
o. Dividends
Declaration of Dividends
Cash dividend vs. Stock dividend
Source of funds
p. Dissolution of Corporation
Voluntary Dissolution
q. By-Laws
r. Piercing of Corporate Veil
s. Requisites for Incorporation
t. Tort committed by Corporation's
employees (doctrine of vicarious
liability)
u. Prohibition on passage of law creating
a private corporation
v. Inter-locking Directors (requisites)
w. Qualifications of Incorporators
x. Trust Fund Doctrine
y. Sale of corporate assets
z. Doctrine of Corporate Opportunity
aa. Derivative Suit; Requisites
bb. Commencement of Corporate Existence
cc. Corporation Sole
dd. Kinds of Coporation
2007 2008 2009 2010 2012
QUESTION # QUESTION #
#7
#14.a
#1.d/#16
#10
#10.a
#9.b
#10.b
#11.a
#12
#6
#6
#2.a
Page 16
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
SUBJECT TOPIC
Reduction of Number of BOD (GOCC)
CORPORATION LAW h. Foreign Corporation:
Nationality of Corporation
"Control Test"
Doing Business in the Philippines
i. Separate Juridical Personality
j. Pre-emptive Right; Appraisal
Right
k. Merger: Effects
l. Conversion of Stock Corporation
m. Stock Corporation
n. Capital Stock
Increase of Capital Stock
Transfer of Stocks
Reacquisition of own shares
Stocks as compensation
o. Dividends
Declaration of Dividends
Cash dividend vs. Stock dividend
Source of funds
p. Dissolution of Corporation
Voluntary Dissolution
q. By-Laws
r. Piercing of Corporate Veil
s. Requisites for Incorporation
t. Tort committed by Corporation's
employees (doctrine of vicarious
liability)
u. Prohibition on passage of law creating
a private corporation
v. Inter-locking Directors (requisites)
w. Qualifications of Incorporators
x. Trust Fund Doctrine
y. Sale of corporate assets
z. Doctrine of Corporate Opportunity
aa. Derivative Suit; Requisites
bb. Commencement of Corporate Existence
cc. Corporation Sole
dd. Kinds of Coporation
# OF TIMES
AS OF 2012
3
3
5
2
4
4
2
4
3
2
3
Page 17
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION #
SUBJECT TOPIC
ee. Doctrine of Apparent Authority
CORPORATION LAW ff. Mortgage of shares of stocks
gg. Ultra-Vires Act
hh. Articles of Incorporation
ii. Forms of Business organization
NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS LAW a. Incomplete Delivered #9 #5.b
Instruments; Comparative
Negligence
b. Negotiability #10 #5.a
c. Bearer Instruments #11 #8 #13
d. Ambiguous Instruments #5
e. Holder in Due Course (Defenses) #5 #6.b
f. Checks - Acceptance by Drawee #6
Bank
g. Accommodation Parties #7
h. Checks: Material Alterations #10
Liability of Parties in Checks #10
i. Incomplete Undelivered instrument #6.a
j. Place of payment #7
k. Joint Makers #14
l. Kinds of Negotiable Instruments
m. Requisites of Negotiable Instruments
Characteristics
n. Indorsement In Blank
o. Prior and Subsequent parties: Liability
p. Shelter Rule
q. Incomplete Delivered instrument
r. Forgery: Indorsement; Checks
s. Discharge of instrument: Effects
t. Consideration: Validity
u. Negotiable Instrument vs. Negotiable
Document
v. Crossed Check
w. Irregular Indorse vs. General Indorser
x. Checks;Presentment
y. Kinds of checks
Page 18
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
SUBJECT TOPIC
ee. Doctrine of Apparent Authority
CORPORATION LAW ff. Mortgage of shares of stocks
gg. Ultra-Vires Act
hh. Articles of Incorporation
ii. Forms of Business organization
NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS LAW a. Incomplete Delivered
Instruments; Comparative
Negligence
b. Negotiability
c. Bearer Instruments
d. Ambiguous Instruments
e. Holder in Due Course (Defenses)
f. Checks - Acceptance by Drawee
Bank
g. Accommodation Parties
h. Checks: Material Alterations
Liability of Parties in Checks
i. Incomplete Undelivered instrument
j. Place of payment
k. Joint Makers
l. Kinds of Negotiable Instruments
m. Requisites of Negotiable Instruments
Characteristics
n. Indorsement In Blank
o. Prior and Subsequent parties: Liability
p. Shelter Rule
q. Incomplete Delivered instrument
r. Forgery: Indorsement; Checks
s. Discharge of instrument: Effects
t. Consideration: Validity
u. Negotiable Instrument vs. Negotiable
Document
v. Crossed Check
w. Irregular Indorse vs. General Indorser
x. Checks;Presentment
y. Kinds of checks
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION #
#9.a
#6.a #3.a
#15 #1.c
#2.d
#18;#19 #2.a
#3.b
#14.a
#14.b #1.a
#16
#2.b #2
#1.b
#2.b
#2.c
#17
#3.d
Page 19
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
SUBJECT TOPIC
ee. Doctrine of Apparent Authority
CORPORATION LAW ff. Mortgage of shares of stocks
gg. Ultra-Vires Act
hh. Articles of Incorporation
ii. Forms of Business organization
NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS LAW a. Incomplete Delivered
Instruments; Comparative
Negligence
b. Negotiability
c. Bearer Instruments
d. Ambiguous Instruments
e. Holder in Due Course (Defenses)
f. Checks - Acceptance by Drawee
Bank
g. Accommodation Parties
h. Checks: Material Alterations
Liability of Parties in Checks
i. Incomplete Undelivered instrument
j. Place of payment
k. Joint Makers
l. Kinds of Negotiable Instruments
m. Requisites of Negotiable Instruments
Characteristics
n. Indorsement In Blank
o. Prior and Subsequent parties: Liability
p. Shelter Rule
q. Incomplete Delivered instrument
r. Forgery: Indorsement; Checks
s. Discharge of instrument: Effects
t. Consideration: Validity
u. Negotiable Instrument vs. Negotiable
Document
v. Crossed Check
w. Irregular Indorse vs. General Indorser
x. Checks;Presentment
y. Kinds of checks
2007 2008 2009 2010 2012
QUESTION # QUESTION #
#3.b
#9
#18
#9.a
#11.d
#6.a #3
#4
#3.a
#3.b
#4
#5.a #11.e #8
#5.b
1.a #6.b
Page 20
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
SUBJECT TOPIC
ee. Doctrine of Apparent Authority
CORPORATION LAW ff. Mortgage of shares of stocks
gg. Ultra-Vires Act
hh. Articles of Incorporation
ii. Forms of Business organization
NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS LAW a. Incomplete Delivered
Instruments; Comparative
Negligence
b. Negotiability
c. Bearer Instruments
d. Ambiguous Instruments
e. Holder in Due Course (Defenses)
f. Checks - Acceptance by Drawee
Bank
g. Accommodation Parties
h. Checks: Material Alterations
Liability of Parties in Checks
i. Incomplete Undelivered instrument
j. Place of payment
k. Joint Makers
l. Kinds of Negotiable Instruments
m. Requisites of Negotiable Instruments
Characteristics
n. Indorsement In Blank
o. Prior and Subsequent parties: Liability
p. Shelter Rule
q. Incomplete Delivered instrument
r. Forgery: Indorsement; Checks
s. Discharge of instrument: Effects
t. Consideration: Validity
u. Negotiable Instrument vs. Negotiable
Document
v. Crossed Check
w. Irregular Indorse vs. General Indorser
x. Checks;Presentment
y. Kinds of checks
# OF TIMES
AS OF 2012
4
5
3
5
4
2
3
5
2
Page 21
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION #
SUBJECT TOPIC
z. Assignment of Negotiable Instrument
INSURANCE LAW a. Incontestability Clause; #13 #12
Concealment; Material #16
Concealment
Misrepresentation
b. Insurable Interest; #14
Life vs. Property Insurance #10 #17
Bank Deposits #8.b
c. Beneficiaries: Prohibited #10
Irrevocable Beneficiaries
d. Marine Insurance
Perils of the Sea; Perils of the Ship #13
Implied Warranties #9.b
Constructive total loss
Abandonment
Deviation
General average: Persons Liable
Barratry
e. Property Insurance:
Creditor-Debtor: Separate #4
Insurable Interest
f. Double Insurance; Share of Insurers #4
Mortgagee & Mortgagor's Interest
g. Insured - Public enemy #8.a
h. Return of Premium #9.a
i. Group Insurance #11.a
j. Third Party Liability #11.b
k. Forfeiture of interest of beneficiary
l. Payment of Premium
m. Fire Insurance - Proximate Cause
n. Mutual Insurance Company
o. Cash and Carry Basis
p. Perfection of insurance contract
q. Authorized driver clause
r. Accident Insurance
Page 22
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
SUBJECT TOPIC
z. Assignment of Negotiable Instrument
INSURANCE LAW a. Incontestability Clause;
Concealment; Material
Concealment
Misrepresentation
b. Insurable Interest;
Life vs. Property Insurance
Bank Deposits
c. Beneficiaries: Prohibited
Irrevocable Beneficiaries
d. Marine Insurance
Perils of the Sea; Perils of the Ship
Implied Warranties
Constructive total loss
Abandonment
Deviation
General average: Persons Liable
Barratry
e. Property Insurance:
Creditor-Debtor: Separate
Insurable Interest
f. Double Insurance; Share of Insurers
Mortgagee & Mortgagor's Interest
g. Insured - Public enemy
h. Return of Premium
i. Group Insurance
j. Third Party Liability
k. Forfeiture of interest of beneficiary
l. Payment of Premium
m. Fire Insurance - Proximate Cause
n. Mutual Insurance Company
o. Cash and Carry Basis
p. Perfection of insurance contract
q. Authorized driver clause
r. Accident Insurance
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION #
#17
#9
#10.1.a
#10.1.b
#14.1
#10.2
#5
#7.a
#8
#9
#10
#10.b
Page 23
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
SUBJECT TOPIC
z. Assignment of Negotiable Instrument
INSURANCE LAW a. Incontestability Clause;
Concealment; Material
Concealment
Misrepresentation
b. Insurable Interest;
Life vs. Property Insurance
Bank Deposits
c. Beneficiaries: Prohibited
Irrevocable Beneficiaries
d. Marine Insurance
Perils of the Sea; Perils of the Ship
Implied Warranties
Constructive total loss
Abandonment
Deviation
General average: Persons Liable
Barratry
e. Property Insurance:
Creditor-Debtor: Separate
Insurable Interest
f. Double Insurance; Share of Insurers
Mortgagee & Mortgagor's Interest
g. Insured - Public enemy
h. Return of Premium
i. Group Insurance
j. Third Party Liability
k. Forfeiture of interest of beneficiary
l. Payment of Premium
m. Fire Insurance - Proximate Cause
n. Mutual Insurance Company
o. Cash and Carry Basis
p. Perfection of insurance contract
q. Authorized driver clause
r. Accident Insurance
2007 2008 2009 2010 2012
QUESTION # QUESTION #
#12
#4.a
#13.a
#7.b #16.a
#13.b
#13 #10
#7 #5
#6
#4.a #11
#4.b & c
#4.b
Page 24
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
SUBJECT TOPIC
z. Assignment of Negotiable Instrument
INSURANCE LAW a. Incontestability Clause;
Concealment; Material
Concealment
Misrepresentation
b. Insurable Interest;
Life vs. Property Insurance
Bank Deposits
c. Beneficiaries: Prohibited
Irrevocable Beneficiaries
d. Marine Insurance
Perils of the Sea; Perils of the Ship
Implied Warranties
Constructive total loss
Abandonment
Deviation
General average: Persons Liable
Barratry
e. Property Insurance:
Creditor-Debtor: Separate
Insurable Interest
f. Double Insurance; Share of Insurers
Mortgagee & Mortgagor's Interest
g. Insured - Public enemy
h. Return of Premium
i. Group Insurance
j. Third Party Liability
k. Forfeiture of interest of beneficiary
l. Payment of Premium
m. Fire Insurance - Proximate Cause
n. Mutual Insurance Company
o. Cash and Carry Basis
p. Perfection of insurance contract
q. Authorized driver clause
r. Accident Insurance
# OF TIMES
AS OF 2012
2
3
2
2
3
4
3
2
Page 25
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION #
SUBJECT TOPIC
TRANSPORTATION LAW a. Common Carrier; Liability; Lost of #15 #2
Baggage or Acts of Passenger;
Limitation of Liability; Defenses #20
Common Carrier: Definition #12
b. Presumption of Negligence; #16
Breach of Contract of Carriage
c. Common Carrier vs. Private Carrier
d. Due Diligence
e. Contract of Common Carrier
f. Maritime Law - Doctrine of #17 #3
Inscrutable Fault;
Doctrine of Limited Liability #17 #14 #13.a/#14.a
General Average;Particular Average #13.b
COGSA-Prescription of Claims #14.b
Presumption of negligence
Exception to Limited Liability Rule
Maritime Protest
Bill of Lading
Bareboat
g. Public Service Law; Certificate of #4
Public Convenience
Public Utilities #15
Kabit System
Boundary system
h. Commence of common carrier's liability
i. Cocurrent causes of action; Defenses
j. Passengers
CREDIT TRANSACTIONS a. Chattel Mortgage; Foreclosure #19 #6
b. Mortgage; Real Property subject #3
of Chattel Mortgage
c. Mortgage; Foreclosure #9/#12
Remedies #12
Page 26
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
SUBJECT TOPIC
TRANSPORTATION LAW a. Common Carrier; Liability; Lost of
Baggage or Acts of Passenger;
Limitation of Liability; Defenses
Common Carrier: Definition
b. Presumption of Negligence;
Breach of Contract of Carriage
c. Common Carrier vs. Private Carrier
d. Due Diligence
e. Contract of Common Carrier
f. Maritime Law - Doctrine of
Inscrutable Fault;
Doctrine of Limited Liability
General Average;Particular Average
COGSA-Prescription of Claims
Presumption of negligence
Exception to Limited Liability Rule
Maritime Protest
Bill of Lading
Bareboat
g. Public Service Law; Certificate of
Public Convenience
Public Utilities
Kabit System
Boundary system
h. Commence of common carrier's liability
i. Cocurrent causes of action; Defenses
j. Passengers
CREDIT TRANSACTIONS a. Chattel Mortgage; Foreclosure
b. Mortgage; Real Property subject
of Chattel Mortgage
c. Mortgage; Foreclosure
Remedies
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION #
#20
#8.a
#8.b
#9
#1.a
#16
#1.b
#14.2
#21
#13.1 & 2
#13.3
#11
#5;#6 #15
#7
Page 27
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
SUBJECT TOPIC
TRANSPORTATION LAW a. Common Carrier; Liability; Lost of
Baggage or Acts of Passenger;
Limitation of Liability; Defenses
Common Carrier: Definition
b. Presumption of Negligence;
Breach of Contract of Carriage
c. Common Carrier vs. Private Carrier
d. Due Diligence
e. Contract of Common Carrier
f. Maritime Law - Doctrine of
Inscrutable Fault;
Doctrine of Limited Liability
General Average;Particular Average
COGSA-Prescription of Claims
Presumption of negligence
Exception to Limited Liability Rule
Maritime Protest
Bill of Lading
Bareboat
g. Public Service Law; Certificate of
Public Convenience
Public Utilities
Kabit System
Boundary system
h. Commence of common carrier's liability
i. Cocurrent causes of action; Defenses
j. Passengers
CREDIT TRANSACTIONS a. Chattel Mortgage; Foreclosure
b. Mortgage; Real Property subject
of Chattel Mortgage
c. Mortgage; Foreclosure
Remedies
2007 2008 2009 2010 2012
QUESTION # QUESTION #
#9.a
#7 #16.b
#12
#9.b
#9.c
#11
#8
#10.c #19.b, c
#19.a
#17 #3.c
#19 #3 #7/8.a
Page 28
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
SUBJECT TOPIC
TRANSPORTATION LAW a. Common Carrier; Liability; Lost of
Baggage or Acts of Passenger;
Limitation of Liability; Defenses
Common Carrier: Definition
b. Presumption of Negligence;
Breach of Contract of Carriage
c. Common Carrier vs. Private Carrier
d. Due Diligence
e. Contract of Common Carrier
f. Maritime Law - Doctrine of
Inscrutable Fault;
Doctrine of Limited Liability
General Average;Particular Average
COGSA-Prescription of Claims
Presumption of negligence
Exception to Limited Liability Rule
Maritime Protest
Bill of Lading
Bareboat
g. Public Service Law; Certificate of
Public Convenience
Public Utilities
Kabit System
Boundary system
h. Commence of common carrier's liability
i. Cocurrent causes of action; Defenses
j. Passengers
CREDIT TRANSACTIONS a. Chattel Mortgage; Foreclosure
b. Mortgage; Real Property subject
of Chattel Mortgage
c. Mortgage; Foreclosure
Remedies
# OF TIMES
AS OF 2012
2
2
2
6
4
3
2
5
9
2
Page 29
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION #
SUBJECT TOPIC
Redemption Period
d. Interest Rate (should be under #13
Civil Law)
e. Truth in Lending Act #20
CREDIT TRANSACTIONS f. Assignment of Credits
g. Preference of Credits
h. Dragnet Clause
i. Affidavit of Good Faith
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW a. Copyright; Infringement; #18 #11
Non-Infringeable Works; Jurisdiction
b. Photocopy, when allowed #11
c. Ownership of Copyright
d. Copyright: Moral Rights
e. Patent
f. Trademark; Unfair competition; Infringement
g. Copyright: Denicola Test
h. Technology tranfer agreement
i. Articles of commerce: Copyright;Trademark
Page 30
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
SUBJECT TOPIC
Redemption Period
d. Interest Rate (should be under
Civil Law)
e. Truth in Lending Act
CREDIT TRANSACTIONS f. Assignment of Credits
g. Preference of Credits
h. Dragnet Clause
i. Affidavit of Good Faith
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW a. Copyright; Infringement;
Non-Infringeable Works; Jurisdiction
b. Photocopy, when allowed
c. Ownership of Copyright
d. Copyright: Moral Rights
e. Patent
f. Trademark; Unfair competition; Infringement
g. Copyright: Denicola Test
h. Technology tranfer agreement
i. Articles of commerce: Copyright;Trademark
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION #
#10
#11
#12
#12 #14
#10.a
#15.2 #13
#11 #15.1
Page 31
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
SUBJECT TOPIC
Redemption Period
d. Interest Rate (should be under
Civil Law)
e. Truth in Lending Act
CREDIT TRANSACTIONS f. Assignment of Credits
g. Preference of Credits
h. Dragnet Clause
i. Affidavit of Good Faith
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW a. Copyright; Infringement;
Non-Infringeable Works; Jurisdiction
b. Photocopy, when allowed
c. Ownership of Copyright
d. Copyright: Moral Rights
e. Patent
f. Trademark; Unfair competition; Infringement
g. Copyright: Denicola Test
h. Technology tranfer agreement
i. Articles of commerce: Copyright;Trademark
2007 2008 2009 2010 2012
QUESTION # QUESTION #
#11.a
#8.b
#3.a
#3 #16 #15.b,c,d #15
#15.a
#15.b
#18.b; #19
#15.a #18.a
#1.a
#6.a, b
#6.c
Page 32
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
SUBJECT TOPIC
Redemption Period
d. Interest Rate (should be under
Civil Law)
e. Truth in Lending Act
CREDIT TRANSACTIONS f. Assignment of Credits
g. Preference of Credits
h. Dragnet Clause
i. Affidavit of Good Faith
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW a. Copyright; Infringement;
Non-Infringeable Works; Jurisdiction
b. Photocopy, when allowed
c. Ownership of Copyright
d. Copyright: Moral Rights
e. Patent
f. Trademark; Unfair competition; Infringement
g. Copyright: Denicola Test
h. Technology tranfer agreement
i. Articles of commerce: Copyright;Trademark
# OF TIMES
AS OF 2012
2
8
2
4
4
MERCANTILE LAW
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS IN THE BAR EXAMINATION
FOR THE YEARS 1997 TO 1999
Subject: Bar Ops Submitted by: Submitted To:
Emilia D. Severino Atty. Jethro M. Palayon August 10 2013
Harley Bulacan Professor
1997 1998 1999 TOTAL # OF
QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # TIMES APPEARED
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
OF MERCANTILE LAW Theory of Manifestation #1
SPECIAL LAWS
1. BULK SALES LAW a. Obligations of the Vendor #2
2. BANKING LAWS a. PDIC and Secrecy of Bank #7
Deposits
b. Insolvency; Requirements #8
c. Responsibilities of BSP #9
d. Secrecy of Bank Deposits #20
3. TRUST RECEIPTS LAW a. Liability for Estafe #12
4. INSOLVENCY & CORPORATE a. Insolvency; Obligation that #20
RECOVERY survive
(FINANCIAL REHABILITATION b. Insolvency; Suspension of #15 #5 2
& INSOLVENCY -FRIA) Payment; Rehabilitation
c. Insolvency - Assets and #15
Liabilities; Declaration of
Insolvency
5. WAREHOUSE RECEIPTS LAW a. Bill of Lading #1
b. Requisites - Delivery of Goods #14
c. Garnishment; Attachment of #8
Goods
Rights of Holder for Value #8
6. SECURITIES REGULATION CODE a. Purpose of SRC #9
CORPORATION LAW a. Intra-Corporate; Jurisdiction #3
b. Liabilities Stockholders, #4
Directors, Officers
c. Stockholders; Deliquent; #5
Unpaid Subscription
d. Effects; Winding up period #6
of a corporation
e. Recovery of Moral Damages #16
f. Corporate Acts #18
g. Board of Directors: Qualifications #19
h. Foreign Corporation:
Nationality of Corporation #17
"Control Test"
Doing Business in the Philippines #17
i. Separate Juridical Personality #2
j. Pre-emptive Right; Appraisal #7
Right
k. Merger: Effects #11
SUBJECT TOPIC
1997 1998 1999 TOTAL # OF
QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # TIMES APPEARED
SUBJECT TOPIC
NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS LAW a. Incomplete Delivered #9
Instruments; Comparative
Negligence
b. Negotiability #10
c. Bearer Instruments #11 #8 2
d. Ambiguous Instruments #5
e. Holder in Due Course (Defenses) #5
f. Checks - Acceptance by Drawee #6
Bank
g. Accommodation Parties #7
h. Checks: Material Alterations #10
Liability of Parties in Checks #10
INSURANCE LAW a. Incontestability Clause; #13 #12 2
Concealment; Material
Concealment
b. Insurable Interest; #14
Life and Property Insurance
c. Prohibited Beneficiaries #10
d. Marine Insurance
Perils of the Sea; Perils of the Ship #13
e. Property Insurance:
Creditor-Debtor: Separate #4
Insurable Interest
Double Insurance #4
TRANSPORTATION LAW a. Common Carrier; Liability; Lost of #15 #2 2
Baggage or Acts of Passenger;
Limitation of Liability; Defenses
b. Presumption of Negligence; #16
Breach of Contract of Carriage
c. Maritime Law - Doctrine of #17 #3 2
Inscrutable Fault;
Doctrine of Limited Liability #17 #14 2
d. Public Service Law; Certificate of #4
Public Convenience
CREDIT TRANSACTIONS a. Chattel Mortgage; Foreclosure #19 #6 2
b. Mortgage; Real Property subject #3
of Chattel Mortgage
c. Mortgage; Foreclosure #9
#12
d. Interest Rate (should be under #13
Civil Law)
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW a. Copyright; Infringement #18 #11 2
b. Photocopy, when allowed #11
2
Page 35
MERCANTILE LAW
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS IN THE BAR EXAMINATION
FOR THE YEARS 1997 TO 2002
Subject: Bar Ops Submitted by: Submitted To:
Emilia D. Severino Atty. Jethro M. Palayon
Harley Bulacan Professor
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION #
GENERAL PRINCIPLES a. Theory of Cognition and
OF MERCANTILE LAW Theory of Manifestation #1
b. Joint accounts vs. Partnership #1
SPECIAL LAWS
1. BULK SALES LAW a. Obligations of the Vendor #2 #18
b. Covered Transactions (Requisites) #3
2. BANKING LAWS a. PDIC #7
b. Insolvency; Requirements; Prohibited #8 #19.a
Acts
c. Responsibilities of BSP #9
d. Secrecy of Bank Deposits #7 #20 #2 #15
e. Legal Tender #19.b
f. Limitations on Loan Accommodations #4
g. Classification of Banks #7
3. TRUST RECEIPTS LAW a. Liability for Estafe #12
4. INSOLVENCY & CORPORATE a. Insolvency; Obligation that #20
RECOVERY survive
(FINANCIAL REHABILITATION b. Insolvency; Suspension of #15 #5
& INSOLVENCY -FRIA) Payment; Rehabilitation
c. Insolvency - Assets and #15
Liabilities; Declaration of
Insolvency
5. WAREHOUSE RECEIPTS LAW a. Bill of Lading #1
b. Requisites - Delivery of Goods #14
c. Garnishment; Attachment of #8
Goods
Rights of Holder for Value #8
SUBJECT TOPIC
Page 36
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION #
SUBJECT TOPIC
d. Validity of stipulations excusing
warehouseman from negligence #4
6. SECURITIES REGULATION CODE a. Purpose of SRC #9
b. Manipulative Practices #19
c. Tender Offer #6
7. LETTERS OF CREDIT a. Independent Contracts #3
CORPORATION LAW a. Intra-Corporate; Jurisdiction #3
b. Liabilities Stockholders, #4
Directors, Officers
c. Stockholders; Deliquent; #5
Unpaid Subscription
d. Effects; Winding up period #6 #18.b
of a corporation
e. Recovery of Moral Damages #16
f. Corporate Acts #18 #2
g. Board of Directors: Qualifications/ #19 #18.a/#4/#11
Removal of Corporate Officers/BOD
h. Foreign Corporation:
Nationality of Corporation #17
"Control Test"
Doing Business in the Philippines #17 #18/#19
i. Separate Juridical Personality #2 #16/#17
j. Pre-emptive Right; Appraisal #7 #3
Right
k. Merger: Effects #11
l. Conversion of Stock Corporation #1
m. Stock Corporation #2
n. Capital Stock
Increase of Capital Stock #5
Transfer of Stocks #7
o. Dividends
Declaration of Dividends #6
p. Dissolution of Corporation #8
Voluntary Dissolution #1
q. By-Laws #9
r. Piercing of Corporate Veil #10
s. Requisites for Incorporation #5
Page 37
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION #
SUBJECT TOPIC
NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS LAW a. Incomplete Delivered #9 #5.b
Instruments; Comparative
Negligence
b. Negotiability #10 #5.a #15
c. Bearer Instruments #11 #8 #13
d. Ambiguous Instruments #5
e. Holder in Due Course (Defenses) #5 #6.b
f. Checks - Acceptance by Drawee #6
Bank
g. Accommodation Parties #7
h. Checks: Material Alterations #10
Liability of Parties in Checks #10
i. Incomplete Undelivered instrument #6.a
j. Place of payment #7
k. Joint Makers #14
l. Kinds of Negotiable Instruments #14.a
m. Requisites of Negotiable Instruments #14.b
n. Indorsement In Blank #16
INSURANCE LAW a. Incontestability Clause; #13 #12
Concealment; Material #16
Concealment
b. Insurable Interest; #14
Life vs. Property Insurance #10 #17 #17
Bank Deposits #8.b
c. Prohibited Beneficiaries #10
d. Marine Insurance
Perils of the Sea; Perils of the Ship #13
Implied Warranties #9.b
e. Property Insurance:
Creditor-Debtor: Separate #4
Insurable Interest
f. Double Insurance #4
g. Insured - Public enemy #8.a
h. Return of Premium #9.a
i. Group Insurance #11.a
j. Third Party Liability #11.b
Page 38
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION # QUESTION #
SUBJECT TOPIC
TRANSPORTATION LAW a. Common Carrier; Liability; Lost of #15 #2
Baggage or Acts of Passenger;
Limitation of Liability; Defenses #20
Common Carrier: Definition #12
b. Presumption of Negligence; #16
Breach of Contract of Carriage
c. Common Carrier vs. Private Carrier #8.a
d. Due Diligence #8.b
e. Contract of Common Carrier #9
f. Maritime Law - Doctrine of #17 #3
Inscrutable Fault;
Doctrine of Limited Liability #17 #14 #13.a/#14.a
General Average #13.b
COGSA-Prescription of Claims #14.b
g. Public Service Law; Certificate of #4
Public Convenience
Public Utilities #15
CREDIT TRANSACTIONS a. Chattel Mortgage; Foreclosure #19 #6
b. Mortgage; Real Property subject #3
of Chattel Mortgage
c. Mortgage; Foreclosure #9/#12
Remedies #12
Redemption Period #10
d. Interest Rate (should be under #13
Civil Law)
e. Truth in Lending Act #20
f. Assignment of Credits #11
g. Preference of Credits #12
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW a. Copyright; Infringement #18 #11
b. Photocopy, when allowed #11
Page 39
# OF TIMES
AS OF 2002
2
2
4
2
Page 40
# OF TIMES
AS OF 2002
2
2
4
3
3
2
Page 41
# OF TIMES
AS OF 2002
2
3
3
2
2
3
Page 42
# OF TIMES
AS OF 2002
2
2
4
2
2
2

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