I.

DESIGN OF ROOF TRUSS

Using 80 %stess grade molave (Vitex parviflora Juss)
Bending and tension parallel to grain =24.0 MPa
Modulus of elasticity in bending = 6.54 x

MPa
Compression parallel to grain = 15.4 MPa
Compression perpendicular to grain =6.34 MPa
Shear parallel to grain = 2.88 MPa
A. PURLINS





tan =

= 29.05
Weight of roofing = 80 Pa
Velocity of wind = 200 kPa
Relative density of molave = 0.64
Size of Purlins = 50 mm x 100 mm @ 0.80 m O.C
Trusses @ 2.47 m apart
1. Wind load normal to roof:
Pn =

P = 0.0000473

P = 0.0000473

P = 1.892 kPa of vertical surface
Pn =

Pn = 1.49 kPa (normal to roof surface)
2. Maximum bending stress of purlins:
X = 0.80 = 0.70 m
Wind load normal to the purlins:

= Pn (spacing of purlins )(spacing of truss )

= 1.49(0.80)(2.47)

=2.944 kN
Weight of roofing:

= 80(2.47)(0.70)

= 138.32 N

= 0.138 kN

Weight of purlins:

= (0.05)(0.1)(0.69)(9.81)(2.47)

= 0.084 kN

= 2.944 + (0.138 + 0.084)

= 3.052 kN

= 0.942 kN.m

= (0.138 + 0.084)

= 0.108 kN

= 0.033 kN.m

= 11.304 MPa

= 0.396 MPa

= 11.304 + 0.396

= 11.7 MPa < 24.0 MPa (SAFE)

Maximum shearing stress

= 1526 N

= 0.458 MPa

= 54 N

= 0.16 MPa

= 0.458 MPa < 2.88 MPa (SAFE)

3. TRUSSES
1. Total load carrying by the trusses excluding its weight
P =

P =

P = 1544.53 MPa
2. Analysis of the truss members





x =

= 1.37 m
y =

= 1.144 m

= 0.685 m

= y-

= 1.144 0.685 = 0.459 m

a. Forces acting normal to the top chord

= P(spacing of trusses)(

= 1544.53(2.47)(0.685)

= 2613.27 N

= P(spacing of trusses)(x)

= 1544.53(2.47)(1.37)

= 5226.535 N

= P(spacing of trusses)(

= 1544.53(2.47)(0.459)

= 1751.08 N.
b. Resultant and its location from 1.
R =

+ 3

R = 2613.27 + 2(5226.535) + 1751.08
R = 20043.955 N
R=

(y) +

(y + x) +

(y+2x) +

(y + 3x)
20043.955 = 5226.535(1.2 +1.2 +1.5 + 1.2 + 3) +2613.27(1.2 +.5)
= 2.855 m
x = 1.711

= 1.496
y =1.1711

= 0.831

c. Reactions:

= 0

(7.2) + 20043.955

(0.831) 20043.955

(7.2 1.496) = 0

= 12758.27 N

= 0

= 20043.955

= 9732.8 N

= 0

(7.2) + 20043.955

(0.831) 20043.955

(1.496) = 0

= 4764.08 N
CHECKING:

= 0
20043.955

= 12758.27 + 4764.08
17522.35 = 17522.35 OK!
d. Analysing truss by the method of sections:
For row truss, the maximum internal stress to be found at L/4 of the truss measured
horizontally from point of maximum reaction:

















4 ) Interaction Value:

< 1.0

= 4.77 MPa

= 1.15 MPa
J =

J = 1.41
0 J 1.0
Therefore J = 1.0

= 0.319 1.0.
Therefore the section is safe
5.) Design for web members:
Section = 75 mm x 75 mm






1. Allowable bending stress

= 5.92 < 10

= 24.0 MPa
2. Allowable compression stress:

18.27 >11

5.88 MPa
3. Interaction value:

< 1.0

= 8.49 MPa

=0.77 MPa
J =

J = 2.57
0 J 1.0

= 0.496 1.0.
Therefore the section is safe.

II. Design for girts at second floor ceiling:
(use the same kind of timber)
Using 80% stress grade molave, allowable stress are as follows:
Bending and tension parallel to grain = 24.0 MPa
Modulus of elasticity in bending = 6.54x

MPa
Compression parallel to grain = 15.4 MPa
Compression perpendicular to grain = 6.3MPa
Shear parallel to grain = 2.88MPa








If shear controls: (assume b = 75 mm)

2.88 =

d = 82.61 mm say 100 mm
If bending controls: (assume b = 75 mm)

24 =

d = 99.57 mm say 100 mm
Try 75 mm x 100 mm

Weight of girts = (0.075)(.10)(0.69)(9.81)(1000)
= 50.77 N/m











Checking:
By shear

= 2.4 MPa < 2.88 MPa SAFE

By bending

= 23.97 MPa < 24.0 MPa SAFE

III. Design for columns
Using 80% stress grade molave, allowable stress are as follows:
Bending and tension parallel to grain = 24.0 MPa
Modulus of elasticity in bending = 6.54x

MPa
Compression parallel to grain = 15.4 MPa
Compression perpendicular to grain = 6.34 MPa
Shear parallel to grain = 7.88 MPa

Timber column size = 250 mm x 250 mm
(use tpe of the same type of timber)

category of column:

= 10.8
K = 0.671

= 0.671

= 13.83

k therefore the column is intermediate

For allowable stress of intermediate column
Fc = Fc[1-

]
= 15.4 [1-

= 13.49 MPa
Allowable axial load
P = FcA
= 13.49(

= 843,125 N > 13714.24 N SAFE


IV. Design of second floor:
Using 80% stress grade molave
Floor load = 70 kPa
Relative density of molave = 0.64
Spacing of floor joist = 0.40 m O.C
Source: NSCP 2001

A. Design for floor joist
1. Size of joist by bending
Live load
WL = 7000 Pa (0.40)
WL = 2800 N/m
Relative stiffness:

= 1

= 1
Fixed end moment =

= + 1.29kN.m
M

= - 1.29kN.m
M

= + 1.29kN.m
M

= - 1.29kN.m