Vita Vm13 Ifu

13 VITAVM
VENEERING MATERIAL
Working Instructions
Date of Issue: 01-05
For metal substructures in the
conventional CTE range
3D- Master Vita System
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ip
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All-C
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ic
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Teeth
VENEERING MATERIAL page 2 13 VITAVM
Concentrate on what is essential.
Restoring oral harmony.
The result of the teamwork of the dentist, Dr. Enrico Poli (Padua/Italy)
and the dental technician, Maurizio Buzzo (Venice/Italy).
Photograph courtesy of M. Buzzo
Esthetics You are entitled!
Fig. 1: Situation after preparation
of teeth 11 and 21.
Fig. 3: Crown copings prepared with
opaque and shoulder porcelain.
Fig. 2: Metal crown copings; cervically
reduced for shoulder.
Fig. 4: The restoration is harmoniously integrated
into the patient's natural dentition.
1 2
3 4
VITAVM13 BASIC layering
with two layers BASE DENTINE
and ENAMEL for veneers with
intensive shades.
The prize-winning design with
functional development of the traditional,
familiar VITA bottle.
The practical,
flip screw cap can be used with one hand, the
smaller opening ensures accurate dosage
VITAVM13 BUILD UP layering
with three layers BASE DENTINE, DENTINE
and ENAMEL for translucent veneers with an
enhanced effect of depth.
VITAVM13 DENTINE
VITAVM13 BASE DENTINE
Metal substructure
(CTE 13.8 15.2)
VITAVM13 ENAMEL
VITAVM13 OPAQUE
VITAVM13 WASH OPAQUE VITAVM13 OPAQUE
VITAVM13 WASH OPAQUE
Metal substructure
(CTE 13.8 15.2)
VITAVM13 ENAMEL
Color coding of the VITAVM13 system
components to ensure fast and simple selection and
clear allocation to the appropriate CTE range.
Color coding of the individual bottles according
to the colors signifying each porcelain*:
VITAVM13 OPAQUE - ochre
VITAVM13 BASE DENTINE - dark red
VITAVM13 DENTINE - light red
VITAVM13 ENAMEL - blue
The Concept
Handling
13 VITAVM
13 VITAVM
13 VITAVM Navigation
VITA Zahnfabrik Spitalgasse 3
D-79713 Bad Sckingen Germany
3
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13 VITAVM
*See pages 28 and 29 for the color coding of the additional porcelains!
The system for winners . . .
VITA SYSTEM 3D-MASTER successful
restorations are that simple.
Scanning electron micrograph of the surface
of a ceramic with a conventional structure
(magnification 5000x).
Scanning electron micrograph
of the surface of VITAVM13
(magnification 5000x).
Natural esthetics for holistic dentistry.
Shade
Fine-particle Ceramic
The Demand
VITAVM13 as a new system component within
the group of VITA Veneering Materials.
M. B. M. B.
13 VITAVM
13 VITAVM
13 VITAVM
For alloys in the CTE range of approx. 13.8 15.2, e.g. VITA In-Ceram YZ-CUBES for CEREC
VITAVM7
CTE (25 - 500C) 6.9 - 7.3 10
-6
K
-1
VITA TITANKERAMIK
CTE (25 - 500C) 8.2 - 8.9 10
-6
K
-1
VITAVM9
CTE (25 - 500C) 8.8 - 9.2 10
-6
K
-1
VITA In-Ceram YZ CUBES for CEREC
CTE (25 - 500C) approx. 10.5 10
-6
K
-1
VITAVM13
CTE (25- 500C) 13.1 - 13.6 10
-6
K
-1
VITA RESPONSE
CTE (25 - 500C) 15.0 - 15.5 10
-6
K
-1
VITA In-Ceram ALUMINA, CTE (25 - 500C) 7.2 - 7.6 10
-6
K
-1
VITA In-Ceram SPINELL,CTE (25 - 500C) 7.5 - 7.9 10
-6
K
-1
VITA In-Ceram ZIRCONIA, CTE (25 - 500C) 7.6 - 7.8 10
-6
K
-1
TITANIUM
CTE (25 - 500C) approx. 9.6 10
-6
K
-1
High gold content, reduced precious metal content,
palladium-based and precious metal-free alloys
CTE (25- 600C) 13.8 -15.2 10
-6
K
-1
Multi-indication alloys
CTE (25 - 600C) 16.0 - 17.3 10
-6
K
-1
1000
950
900
850
800
750
800
850
900
950
1000
750
Firing temperature
of ceramic [C]
Firing temperature
of ceramic [C] Linear thermal expansion coefficient of the ceramic, measured at 25-500 C
VITAVM7
VITAVM9
VITA RESPONSE
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
substructure substructure substructure substructure
Linear thermal expansion coefficient of the substructure material, measured at 25-500 C
VITA TITANKERAMIK
VITAVM13
substructure
*
*
* see Alloy List, no. 707M
Area of Application 13 VITAVM
c
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ic
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c
ture
m
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Horizontal
section through
a schematic
crown
c
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ic
s
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b
s
t
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c
ture
m
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Horizontal
section through
a schematic
crown
c
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a
m
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b
s
t
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c
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m
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Horizontal
section through
a schematic
crown
If the CTE of the substructure
material is considerably lower than
the CTE of the veneering ceramic,
tangential tensile stress will increase
and form cracks that run to the out-
side. This may result in late cracks.
If the CTE of the substructure
material is considerably higher than
the CTE of the veneering ceramic,
tangential compressive stress will
increase and form cracks that run
almost parallel to the substructure.
This may result in flaking.
The ideal tangential and radial
tensile stress is ensured if the CTE of
the ceramic has been optimally
matched with the CTE of the sub-
structure material.
Optimum preconditions are given if the veneering ceramic features a somewhat
lower CTE value than the substructure material. Due to the adhesive bonding, the ceramic
must follow the thermal behavior of the substructure material. If cooled down, the
ceramic is exposed to slight tangential compressive stress. Cracks that are beginning to
form are closed, and crack propagation will be stopped.
If a substructure material is veneered with ceramic, the thickness of the veneer is a
decisive factor in addition to the CTE value. Accordingly, differences in strain (radial tensile
stress) are obtained, which will grow in the case of increasing layer thickness.
Facts worth knowing about the CTE 13 VITAVM
Crowns and bridge units which are to be veneered with ceramic must be modeled
in reduced anatomical size. A minimum wall thickness of 0.4 mm is required order to
ensure a minimum wall thickness of 0.3 mm after finishing. Avoid sharp edges,
undercuts and deep grooves. The stability can be further increased by means of metal
collars or inlay-type supports in the palatal area.
Regarding the substructure, investing, casting, deflasking, finishing, sandblasting
and oxidation please follow the alloy manufacturers instructions.
VITA Zahnfabrik has tested the following alloys in combination with VITAVM13.
The tests were carried out according to the product standards EN ISO 6872
Dental ceramic, EN ISO 9693 Metal-ceramic, dental restorative systems as well
as with further in-house tests, such as:
Adhesive bonding
Adjustment of the thermal expansion coefficients (CTE)
Resistance to thermal cycling
Practical applications
The materials combinations demonstrate excellent technical
and physical properties and can therefore be authorized for use
in the field of dental technology.
Bio Herador N, Heraeus Kulzer GmbH & Co. KG
Bio PontoStar XL, Bego GmbH & Co. KG
Degudent U, DeguDent GmbH
Esteticor Lumina PF, Cendres & Mtaux SA
Esteticor Biennor CF, Cendres & Mtaux SA
Herador NH, Heraeus Kulzer GmbH & Co. KG
Unique, Mtalor Technologies International SA
Wirobond C, Bego GmbH & Co. KG
Wirocer, Bego GmbH & Co. KG
*For information on each of the alloys please see the current
alloy list under www.vita-zahnfabrik.com
VITAVM13 is compatible with*:
Framework design 13 VITAVM
The firing result obtained with dental ceramics largely depends on the individual firing procedure of the user,
i.e. among other aspects on the type of furnace, the location of the temperature sensor, the firing tray and
the size of the workpiece during the firing cycles. Our recommendations for the firing temperatures (regardless
of whether these are given orally, in writing or by means of practical demonstration) are based on numerous
own practical experiences and tests. The user, however, should consider this information only as a basic guide-
line. Should the surface, degree of transparency or glaze not correspond to the firing result that is achieved
under optimum conditions, the firing procedure must be adjusted accordingly. Not the firing temperature
displayed by the furnace is decisive for the firing procedure, but the appearance and surface quality of the
firing object after the firing process.
Alloys with a CTE (25 600 C) 14.5 10
-6
K
-1
should be fired with slow cooling as from the 1
st
dentine firing.
This increases the proportion of leucite in the ceramic, which increases the CTE of the ceramic. In order to
achieve optimum results when firing a metal ceramic restoration, the dental ceramic should be under a slight
compressive strain. Good results also depend on the size of the workpiece as well as on the type, hardness
and thermal conductivity of the alloy used, and particularly on the firing procedure of the individual technician.
Our practical experience has shown that good results can be achieved when the CTE of the alloy (measured
at 25 600 C) is within the range 14.0-14.4 10
-6
K
-1
. If the alloy has higher CTE values, cooling down
from 900C to 700C should not be completed in less than 3 minutes.
Firing results 13 VITAVM
The oxidized framework
Please adhere precisely to the manufacturers instructions.
Wash opaque firing
Powder opaque
Apply the wash opaque which has been mixed with the
VITAVM OPAQUE FLUID provided with a brush to the clean,
dry framework in a thin, watery consistency.
Paste opaque
Apply the paste wash opaque, massaging it in to
the surface of the framework in a thin layer.
Note:
The pastes should be stirred before use with a glass or plastic
instrument. Should the PASTE OPAQUE be difficult to stir
after longer periods of storage, its original consistency can
be regained by adding VITA PASTE OPAQUE FLUID.
The paste opaque requires a fairly long pre-drying time. Please see
the recommended firing cycle. The paste opaque must not
come into contact with water, since this can lead to cracks and
bubbles in the opaque during firing.
Wash opaque firing
The framework before sandblasting, finished according to the
manufacturers instructions with a fine, cross-cut tungsten carbide bur.
Sandblast with 125 m aluminium oxide at a pressure of 2 bar.
Opaque application
Important :
Bonding alloys containing zinc (Zn) must be sandblasted
and oxidized and after the oxidation firing, etched in a clean,
warm acidic bath for approx. 5 min.
13 VITAVM

Recommended firing wash opaque firing:
The fired wash opaque on a ceramic firing support.
The user should consider this information only as providing basic values. If surface, transparency
and degree of gloss should not correspond to the firing result that is achieved under optimal conditions,
the firing procedure must be adjusted correspondingly. Not the firing temperature displayed by the
furnace is decisive for the firing procedure, but the appearance and the surface condition of the firing
object after the firing process.
Predr. C
min. C/min.
approx.
temp. C min.
VAC
min. min.
500
Paste
Powder 2.00 5.12 75 890 2.00 5.12
500 4.00 5.12 75 890 2.00 5.12
The wash opaque firing has 3 functions:
1. To ensure the formation of the necessary adhesive oxides.
2. Formation of a bond to the alloy surface.
3. For enhancing the chroma of the restoration, particularly
in the case of non-precious metal alloys.
Opaque application 13 VITAVM
VITA SPRAY-ON procedure
The wash opaque can also be applied using the VITA SPRAY-ON
procedure. Mix the powder wash opaque with VITA
SPRAY-ON LIQUID in the appropriate glass container and
then spray on to the surface of the framework in a
homogeneous layer. See separate working instructions for
VITA SPRAY-ON (no. 492 M).
The opaque on a ceramic firing support after firing.
Opaque firing
Mix powder opaque to a creamy consistency with VITAVM
OPAQUE FLUID with a brush or a glass instrument to
cover the whole surface of the veneer and fire according
to the appropriate firing cycle. Paste opaque is applied
in the same way to the dry framework. Opaque can also be
applied using the VITA SPRAY-ON procedure.
Classification table of the OPAQUE porcelains:
OM1
OP0
OM2
OP0
OM3
OP0
1M1
OP1
1M2
OP1
2L1.5
OP2
2L2.5
OP2
2M1
OP2
2M2
OP2
2M3
OP2
2R1.5
OP2
2R2.5
OP2
3L1.5
OP3
3L2.5
OP3
3M2
OP3
3M3
OP3
3R1.5
OP3
3R2.5
OP3
4L1.5
OP4
4L2.5
OP4
4M1
OP4
4M2
OP4
4M3
OP4
4R1.5
OP4
4R2.5
OP4
5M1
OP5
5M2
OP5
5M3
OP5
3M1
OP3
Recommended firing opaque firing:
Predr. C
min. C/min.
ca. Temp.
C min.
VAC
min. min.
500
Paste
Powder 2.00 5.12 75 890 1.00 5.12
500 4.00 5.12 75 890 1.00 5.12
Opaque application 13 VITAVM
The following products are subject to obligatory labeling:
VITAVM OPAQUE FLUID
Corrosive
Causes severe burns.
Store under lock and key.
Do not eat and drink while working.
In case of eye contact rinse immediately and thoroughly
with water and consult physician.
Wear appropriate protective clothing.
Wear protective gloves and protective goggles/ face mask.
VITA SPRAY- ON LIQUID
Flammable
Keep container tightly closed and store in a well-ventilated place.
Do not inhale vapors/aerosol.
In case of insufficient ventilation wear respiratory protection.
In case of accident or unwellness consult physician (if possible show this label).
Avoid exposure obtain specific directions before use.
VITA SPRAY- ON INDICATOR LIQUID
Keep container tightly closed and store in a well-ventilated place.
Do not inhale vapors/aerosol.
In case of insufficient ventilation wear respiratory protection.
In case of accident or unwellness consult physician (if possible show this label).
Avoid exposure obtain specific directions before use.
This product and its container must be disposed of according to the
regulations for hazardous waste.
For more details please see Material Safety Data Sheets!
Wear suitable protective goggles/face mask, protective gloves
and protective clothing when working.
Note 13 VITAVM
Toxic, Flammable
VITAVM13 BASIC KIT
* Also available as VITAVM13 BASIC KIT SMALL
in the following 15 shades:
1M1, 1M2, 2M1, 2M2, 2M3, 3L1.5, 3L2.5, 3M1,
3M2, 3M3, 3R1.5, 3R2.5, 4M1, 4M2, 4M3
** Also available as VITAVM13 BASIC KIT/ BASIC
KIT SMALL with OPAQUE PASTE.
Also available in 50 g in the following shades:

1M1- 3R2.5, 4M1- 4M3, NT, ENL, END, WIN
VITAVM13 ENAMEL
VITAVM13 OPAQUE
Metal substructure
VITAVM13 BASIC layering consists of the application of BASE DENTINE and ENAMEL
after applying WASH OPAQUE and OPAQUE.
The newly developed, color-carrying BASE DENTINE porcelains offer excellent coverage and ideal
conditions for the design of veneers with intensive shades. With this two-layer method, VITA
provides a perfect solution for the reproduction of optimum shade results in the case of thin walls.
Furthermore, the intensive shade effect of the BASE DENTINEs allows generous use of
ENAMEL porcelains in order to achieve the desired translucency. After applying the OPAQUE, the
user is able to create a restoration with a natural, lifelike appearance using only two layers.
By means of the different conditions in the wall thickness of BASE DENTINE and ENAMEL the
intensity of the restoration can be influenced. The thicker the BASE DENTINE layer, the more intensive
the shade result. The thicker the ENAMEL layer, the less intensive the shade result.
* **
/
Material
VITAVM13 WASH OPAQUE WO
VITAVM13 OPAQUE
OP1- OP5
VITAVM13 CHROMA PLUS CP1- CP5
1M1- 5M3
VITAVM13 ENAMEL
ENL, END
VITAVM13 NEUTRAL
NT
VITAVM13 WINDOW
WIN
VITAVM13 CORRECTIVE COR1- COR3
VITAVM MODELLING LIQUID
VITAVM OPAQUE FLUID
VITAVM13 Shade indicator
VITA Toothguide 3D-MASTER
VITAVM13 Working instructions
Content
12g
12g
12g
12g
12g
12g
12g
12g
50ml
50ml
Quantity
1
5
5
26
2
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
3
BASIC layering 13 VITAVM
OPAQUE-coated metal substructures.
To enable the restoration to be lifted off easily at a later stage,
first insulate the model with the VITA Modisol pen.
Application of VITAVM13 BASE DENTINE
Apply the desired shade of BASE DENTINE starting from
the neck to obtain the required complete tooth shape.
At this stage the centric, lateral and protrusive occlusion
should be checked in the articulator.
See page 14 for notes on the BASIC layering!
To obtain adequate space for the enamel, removal of
corresponding amount of the BASE DENTINE porcelain
according to the layering pattern is required.
Classification table of the VITAVM13 ENAMEL porcelains
OM1
ENL
OM2
ENL
OM3
ENL
1M1
ENL
1M2
ENL
2L1.5
ENL
2L2.5
ENL
2M1
ENL
2M2
ENL
2M3
ENL
2R1.5
ENL
2R2.5
ENL
3L1.5
ENL
3L2.5
ENL
3M1
ENL
3M2
ENL
3M3
ENL
3R1.5
ENL
3R2.5
ENL
4L1.5
END
4L2.5
END
4M1
END
4M2
END
4M3
END
4R1.5
END
4R2.5
END
5M1
END
5M2
END
5M3
END
The applied porcelains ready for first dentine firing.
Prior to the first dentine firing, the individual units
of bridges must be separated in the interproximal areas
down to the substructure.
Application of VITAVM13 ENAMEL
Apply several small portions of ENAMEL to complete
the crown mould beginning from the lower third of
the crown. To compensate firing shrinkage, the size of
the mould must be prepared somewhat larger.
Restoration after first dentine firing.
Predr. C
min. C/min.
approx.
temp.C min.
VAC
min. min.
500 6.00 6.55 55 880 1.00 6.55
Recommended firing 1
st
dentine firing:
Corrections of shape/ further layering
Insulate the model once more with the VITA Modisol pen.
The interdental spaces and the basal surface of the pontic
must be filled with BASE DENTINE.
Apply BASE DENTINE starting from the neck area and
add ENAMEL in the body area up to the incisal area to perform
subsequent corrections of the shape.
Bridge and crown after 2
nd
dentine firing.
Predr. C
min. C/min.
approx.
temp.C min.
VAC
min. min.
500 6.00 6.44 55 870 1.00 6.44
Finishing
Finish the bridge or crown. Prior to glaze firing the
entire surface must be ground evenly and then grinding
dust must be thoroughly removed.
In case of formation of dust, use an extraction system
or wear a face mask. Additionally, protective goggles must
be worn when grinding the fired ceramic.
nd
dentine firing:
If required, the entire restoration can be coated with
VITA Akzent GLAZE and individualization can be carried
out using the VITA Akzent stains.
(See VITA Akzent working instructions no. 771).
Completed restoration on the model.
Recommended firing Glaze firing
with VITA Akzent GLAZE
Predr. C
min. C/min.
approx.
temp.C min.
VAC
min. min.
500 4.00 4.45 80 880 1.00 -
Firing chart for VITAVM13
Explanation of firing parameters:
When using dental ceramic, the firing result largely depends on the individual firing procedure of the
user, i.e. among other aspects, on the type of furnace, the location of the temperature sensor, the firing
tray as well as the size of the workpiece during the firing cycles.
Our recommendations with regard to practical applications for the firing temperatures (regardless of
whether they have been provided orally, in writing or in the form of practical instructions) are based on
numerous own experiences and tests. The user, however, should consider this information only as a
general guideline.
If surface, transparency and degree of gloss should not correspond to the firing result that is achieved
under optimal conditions, the firing procedure must be adjusted correspondingly. Not the firing
temperature displayed by the furnace is decisive for the firing procedure, but the appearance and
surface condition of the firing object after the firing process.
In the case of alloys with a CTE (25- 600C) 14.5 10
-6
K
-1
slow cooling should be used
from the 1st dentine firing onwards.
* area of indication see page 27
Predr. C
min. C/min.
approx.
temp.C min.
VAC
min. min.
500 2.00 5.12 75 890 2.00 5.12 WASH OPAQUE firing
500 4.00 5.12 75 890 2.00 5.12 WASH OPAQUE PASTE firing
Please heed alloy manufacturer's instructions !!! Oxidation firing
500 2.00 5.12 75 890 1.00 5.12 OPAQUE firing
500 4.00 5.12 75 890 1.00 5.12 OPAQUE PASTE firing
500 6.00 7.05 55 890 2.00 7.05 MARGIN firing*
EFFECT LINER firing* 500 6.00 7.05 55 890 1.00 7.05
500 6.00 6.55 55 880 1.00 6.55 1st dentine firing
500 6.00 6.44 55 870 1.00 6.44 2nd dentine firing
500 0.00 4.45 80 880 2.00 - Glaze firing
500 4.00 4.45 80 880 1.00 - Glaze firing VITA Akzent
500 4.00 6.00 50 800 1.00 6.00 Correction firing with CORRECTIVE
Firing chart 13 VITAVM
Predr. C Starting temperature
Pre-drying time in min., closing time
Heating-up time in min.
Temperature rise in degrees Celsius per min.
End temperature
Hold time for end temperature
Hold time for vacuum
min.
min.
min.
C/min.
approx.
temp. C
VAC min.
Quantity
26
1
3
Content
12g
50ml
VITAVM13 DENTINE
VITAVM13 ENAMEL
Metal substructure
VITAVM13 OPAQUE
The VITAVM13 BUILD UP layering consists of the application of BASE DENTINE, DENTINE and
ENAMEL after applying the WASH OPAQUE and OPAQUE materials. In conjunction with
the shade-carrying BASE DENTINE and the translucent DENTINE, the BUILD UP layering enables
an increased impression of depth to be created in the restoration.
The use of the three-layer method permits a reduced and more individual application of the
ENAMEL porcelains, resulting in an even closer resemblance to what nature intended.
The shade intensity can be individually adjusted by the combination of ENAMEL and DENTINE
porcelains in relation to the layer thickness of BASE DENTINE. An increased proportion
of BASE DENTINE results in a more intensive shade, whereas a greater amount of DENTINE
and ENAMEL reduces the chroma of the color
For the BUILD UP layering, in addition to the VITAVM13 BASIC KIT (s. p. 12)
you require the VITAVM13 BUILD UP KIT*
* Also available as VITAVM13 BUILD UP KIT SMALL in the following 19 shades:
1M1, 1M2, 2M1, 2M2, 2M3, 3L1.5, 3L2.5, 3M1, 3M2, 3M3, 3R1.5, 3R2.5, 4M1, 4M2, 4M3
** Also available in 50 g in the following shades:
1M1 3R2.5, 4M1 4M3, NT, ENL, END, WIN
Material
VITAVM13 DENTINE** 1M1- 5M3
VITAVM13 working instructions
BUILD UP layering 13 VITAVM
OPAQUE-coated metal substructures
To enable the restoration to be lifted off easily at a later stage,
first insulate the model with the VITA Modisol pen.
Application of VITAVM13 BASE DENTINE
Apply BASE DENTINE over the whole surface starting from
the neck in reduced tooth size. At this stage the centric, lateral
and protrusive occlusion should be checked in the articulator.
See page 20 for notes on the BUILD UP layering!
Completely layered BASE DENTINE.
Application of VITAVM13 DENTINE
DENTINE is applied in the required complete tooth shape.
To obtain sufficient space for the enamel, the volume
of the DENTINE must be reduced correspondingly.
Prior to firing, the individual units of bridges must be separated
in the interdental areas down to the substructure.
Application of VITAVM13 ENAMEL
Apply several small portions of ENAMEL starting from the
lower third of the crown to complete the crown mould.
To compensate firing shrinkage the size of the mould must
be modeled slightly larger.
Classification table of the VITAVM13 ENAMEL porcelains
OM1
ENL
OM2
ENL
OM3
ENL
1M1
ENL
1M2
ENL
2L1.5
ENL
2L2.5
ENL
2M1
ENL
2M2
ENL
2M3
ENL
2R1.5
ENL
2R2.5
ENL
3L1.5
ENL
3L2.5
ENL
3M1
ENL
3M2
ENL
3M3
ENL
3R1.5
ENL
3R2.5
ENL
4L1.5
END
4L2.5
END
4M1
END
4M2
END
4M3
END
4R1.5
END
4R2.5
END
5M1
END
5M2
END
5M3
END
Restoration ready for the 1
st
dentine firing.
st
dentine firing:
Restoration after 1
st
dentine firing.
Corrections of shape/ further layering
Insulate the model once more at the pontic with
the VITA Modisol pen. The interproximal
spaces and the basal surface of the pontic must
be filled with BASE DENTINE.
Subsequent corrections of shape in the body
area using DENTINE
Predr. C
min. C/min.
approx.
temp.C min.
VAC
min. min.
500 6.00 6.55 55 880 1.00 6.55
Bridge and crown after 2
nd
dentine firing.
Finishing
Finish the bridge or crown. For the glaze firing
the entire surface must be ground evenly, and grinding
particles must be removed.
In case of dust formation, use a suction system or
wear a dust protection mask.
Additionally, protective goggles must be worn
when grinding the fired ceramic.
If required, the entire restoration can be coated
with VITA Akzent GLAZE and then individualization can
be carried out using the VITA Akzent stains.
(See VITA Akzent working instructions, no. 771).
Recommended firing Glaze firing with VITA Akzent :
Predr. C
min. C/min.
approx.
temp.C min.
VAC
min. min.
500 4.00 4.45 80 880 1.00 -
and ENAMEL in the incisal area.
Predr. C
min. C/min.
approx.
temp.C min.
VAC
min. min.
500 6.00 6.44 55 870 1.00 6.44
nd
dentine firing:
Completed restoration on the model.
When using dental ceramic, the firing result largely depends on the individual firing procedure of the
user, i.e. among other aspects, on the type of furnace, the location of the temperature sensor, the firing
tray as well as the size of the workpiece during the firing cycles.
Our recommendations with regard to practical applications for the firing temperatures (regardless of
whether they have been provided orally, in writing or in the form of practical instructions) are based on
numerous own experiences and tests. The user, however, should consider this information only as a
general guideline.
If surface, transparency and degree of gloss should not correspond to the firing result that is achieved
under optimal conditions, the firing procedure must be adjusted correspondingly. Not the firing
temperature displayed by the furnace is decisive for the firing procedure, but the appearance and
surface condition of the firing object after the firing process.
In the case of alloys with a CTE (25- 600C) 14.5 10
-6
K
-1
, slow cooling should
be used from the 1st dentine firing onwards.
area of indication see page 27
*
Firing chart for VITAVM13
Predr. C
min. C/min.
approx.*
temp.C min.
VAC
min. min.
500 2.00 5.12 75 890 2.00 5.12 WASH OPAQUE firing
500 4.00 5.12 75 890 2.00 5.12 WASH OPAQUE PASTE firing
Please heed alloy manufacturer's instructions !!! Oxidation firing
500 2.00 5.12 75 890 1.00 5.12 OPAQUE firing
500 4.00 5.12 75 890 1.00 5.12 OPAQUE PASTE firing
500 6.00 7.05 55 890 2.00 7.05 MARGIN firing*
EFFECT LINER firing* 500 6.00 7.05 55 890 1.00 7.05
500 6.00 6.55 55 880 1.00 6.55 1st dentine firing
500 6.00 6.44 55 870 1.00 6.44 2nd dentine firing
500 0.00 4.45 80 880 2.00 - Glaze firing
500 4.00 4.45 80 880 1.00 - Glaze firing VITA Akzent
500 4.00 6.00 50 800 1.00 6.00 Correction firing with CORRECTIVE
Firing chart 13 VITAVM
VITAVM13 OPAQUE porcelains
VITAVM13 ENAMEL porcelains
VITAVM13 EFFECT LINER porcelains (area of application see page 27)
VITAVM13 CHROMA PLUS porcelains (area of application see page 27)
OM1
-
OM2
-
OM3
-
1M1
CP1
1M2
CP1/CP2*
2L1.5
CP2
2L2.5
CP2/CP3*
2M1
CP1/CP5*
2M2
CP1/CP3*
2M3
CP3
2R1.5
CP1/CP3*
2R2.5
CP1/CP4*
3L1.5
CP2/CP5*
3L2.5
CP2/CP5*
3M1
CP1/CP5*
3M2
CP4/CP5*
3M3
CP3/CP4*
3R1.5
CP1/CP5*
3R2.5
CP4/CP5*
4L1.5
CP5
4L2.5
CP4/CP5*
4M1
CP5
4M2
CP3/CP5*
4M3
CP5
4R1.5
CP5
4R2.5
CP4/CP5*
5M1
-
5M2
-
5M3
-
OM1
ENL
OM2
ENL
OM3
ENL
1M1
ENL
1M2
ENL
2L1.5
ENL
2L2.5
ENL
2M1
ENL
2M2
ENL
2M3
ENL
2R1.5
ENL
2R2.5
ENL
3L1.5
ENL
3L2.5
ENL
3M1
ENL
3M2
ENL
3M3
ENL
3R1.5
ENL
3R2.5
ENL
4L1.5
END
4L2.5
END
4M1
END
4M2
END
4M3
END
4R1.5
END
4R2.5
END
5M1
END
5M2
END
5M3
END
*mixing ratio 1:1
*mixing ratio 1:1
*mixing ratio 1:1
OM1
OP0
OM2
OP0
OM3
OP0
1M1
OP1
1M2
OP1
2L1.5
OP2
2L2.5
OP2
2M1
OP2
2M2
OP2
2M3
OP2
2R1.5
OP2
2R2.5
OP2
3L1.5
OP3
3L2.5
OP3
3M1
OP3
3M2
OP3
3M3
OP3
3R1.5
OP3
3R2.5
OP3
4L1.5
OP4
4L2.5
OP4
4M1
OP4
4M2
OP4
4M3
OP4
4R1.5
OP4
4R2.5
OP4
5M1
OP5
5M2
OP5
5M3
OP5
OM1
EL1
OM2
EL1
OM3
EL1/EL2*
1M1
EL1/EL2*
1M2
EL2
2L1.5
EL1/EL2*
2L2.5
EL1/EL3*
2M1
EL1/EL6*
2M2
EL1/EL3*
2M3
EL2/EL4*
2R1.5
EL1/EL6*
2R2.5
EL2/EL4*
3L1.5
EL2/EL6*
3L2.5
EL4/EL6*
3M1
EL1/EL6*
3M2
EL2/EL6*
3M3
EL4/EL6*
3R1.5
EL2/EL3*
3R2.5
EL5/EL6*
4L1.5
EL6
4L2.5
EL3/EL4*
4M1
EL6
4M2
EL2/EL3*
4M3
EL5/EL6*
4R1.5
EL2/EL3*
4R2.5
EL3/EL4*
5M1
EL3/EL6*
5M2
EL5/EL6*
5M3
EL3/EL4*
OM1
M1
OM2
M1
OM3
M1
1M1
M1/M7*
1M2
M1/M7*
2L1.5
M1/M7*
2L2.5
M1/M4*
2M1
M1/M7*
2M2
M1/M4*
2M3
M4
2R1.5
M1/M7*
2R2.5
M1/M4*
3L1.5
M4/M7*
3L2.5
M4/M7*
3M1
M7
3M2
M4/M7*
3M3
M4/M9*
3R1.5
M7
3R2.5
M4/M7*
4L1.5
M7
4L2.5
M4/M9*
4M1
M7
4M2
M7/M9*
4M3
M9
4R1.5
M7/M8*
4R2.5
M7/M9*
5M1
M7/M8*
5M2
M7/M9*
5M3
M5/M9*
VITAVM13 MARGIN porcelains (area of application see page 27)
Classification tables 13 VITAVM
VITAVM13 EFFECT LINER
For minor corrections in the marginal area
To control the fluorescence in the restoration
To enhance and intensify the basic color
Universally suitable
Applied in the gingival area, they enhance
the distribution of light.
VITAVM13 CHROMA PLUS
Color-intensive materials preferably used in
combination with the BASE DENTINE
In the case of thin walls they effectively enhance
the shade (see pages 14 and 20)
VITAVM13 EFFECT CHROMA
Color-intensive modifier porcelains
To accentuate certain color areas of the tooth
To individualize the lightness level (value) in
the neck, dentine and enamel areas
VITAVM13 MAMELON
Highly fluorescent porcelain which is mainly
used in the incisal area
For color characterization between dentine
and enamel
VITAVM13 MARGIN
MARGIN porcelains which were specially
developed to create an optimum esthetic transition
between crown and prepared tooth in the case
of labially shortened metal coping in the area of
the crown margin.
The applied, plastified MARGIN porcelain must
be hardened by heat application. It is recommended
to stabilize the shoulder using a hairdryer or
by means of radiant heat at the furnace opening.
VITAVM13 OPAQUE FLUID
For mixing all powder opaque porcelains
Gives the powder a creamy consistency,
which allows accurate application; prevents
loss of porcelain during application
VITAVM13 PASTE FLUID
For altering the consistency of the paste opaque
VITAVM13 EFFECT ENAMEL
Can be used for all enamel areas of the natural tooth.
Universally suitable enamel effect materials
To achieve a natural impression of depth
VITAVM13 EFFECT PEARL
Only suitable for effects on the surface,
not for layering in
Perfectly suitable for bleached reproductions
To obtain nuances of yellow and red
VITAVM13 EFFECT OPAL
To obtain the opalescent effect in restorations
of young and highly translucent teeth
VITAVM13 GINGIVA
To restore the original gingival situation
Are applied and fired during the first and
second dentine firing
Color nuances range from orange-red and
reddish to brown-red
VITAVM13 CORRECTIVE
With reduced firing temperature (800C) for
corrections after glaze firing
Corresponds to a translucent enamel material
in three nuances
VITAVM13 COLOR OPAQUE
Shade intensive opaque porcelains for
characterization in the case of thin walls
VITAVM13 GINGIVA OPAQUE
Especially for opaque matched to the gingiva
porcelains
VITAVM13 MODELLING LIQUID
Modeling liquid for mixing BASE DENTINE,
DENTINE, ENAMEL and additional porcelains
Also for mixing MARGIN porcelains
Not suitable for opaque porcelains!
Use of the additional porcelains and liquids 13 VITAVM
Description
whitish shade for 0-group (bleached)
beige
brown
yellow
orange
green-yellow
for whitish effects
sand beige
light yellow
delicate lemon yellow
light orange
orange
pink
beige-brown
brown
for the reproduction of green-brown effects
for the reproduction of green-grey effects
beige
warm yellow-brown
delicate orange
old rose
orange-red
pink
brown-red
black-red
light red
dark red
neutral
beige
brown
Color classification
VITAVM13 EFFECT LINER
VITAVM13 EFFECT CHROMA
VITAVM13 MAMELON
VITAVM13 GINGIVA
VITAVM13 CORRECTIVE
EL1 snow
EL2 cream
EL3 tabac
EL4 golden fleece
EL5 papaya
EL6 sesame
EC1 ghost
EC2 linen
EC3 pale banana
EC4 lemon drop
EC5 golden rod
EC6 sunflower
EC7 light salmon
EC8 toffee
EC9 doe
EC10 larch
EC11 gravel
MM1 ecru
MM2 mellow buff
MM3 peach puff
G1 rose
G2 nectarine
G3 pink grapefruit
G4 rosewood
G5 cherry brown
GOL light flesh
GOD dark flesh
COR1 neutral
COR2 sand
COR3 ochre
VITAVM13 BLEACHED COLOR KIT*
Quantity Content
12g
12g
12g
12g
12g
12g
50ml
50ml
1
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
Material
VITAVM13 OPAQUE OP0
VITAVM13 BASE DENTINE 0M1- 0M3
VITAVM13 DENTINE 0M1- 0M3
VITAVM13 ENAMEL ENL
VITAVM13 NEUTRAL NT
VITAVM13 WINDOW WIN
VITAVM OPAQUE FLUID
BLEACHED SHADE GUIDE SHADE GROUP 0M
* each also available with OPAQUE PASTE
VITAVM13 ONE COLOR KIT 3M2*
Quantity Content
12g
12g
12g
12g
12g
12g
12g
50ml
50ml
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
Material
VITAVM13 OPAQUE OP3
VITAVM13 WASH OPAQUE WO
VITAVM13 BASE DENTINE 3M2
VITAVM13 DENTINE 3M2
VITAVM13 ENAMEL ENL
VITAVM13 NEUTRAL NT
VITAVM13 WINDOW WIN
VITAVM OPAQUE FLUID
Shade sample blades 3M2
Additional porcelains and assortments 13 VITAVM
Description
for whitish incisal areas, marginal ridges and triangular protuberances
for ridges and wedges at the labial surfaces
for pink-translucent discolorations in the cervical and/or enamel area
for ridges and wedges
yellowish-translucent to intensify the effect of depth in the approximal area
for reddish-translucent discoloration, especially in older teeth
orange-translucent to intensify the effect of depth
red-translucent for cervical areas and/or severe discolorations
for subcoating in the enamel area for bluish incisal areas
for bluish wedges and ridges
for grayish wedges to increase the effect of depth
shade nuance in pastel-yellow
shade nuance in pastel orange
shade nuance in pastel-ros
neutral, universally applicable
with very pronounced opal effect, for whitish wedges
and triangular ridges in the occlusal area
bluish
white
yellow
amber
light beige
pastel brown
light orange
ivory
beige
light orange-brown
orange
green-brown
orange
brown
lilac
Farbzuordnung
VITAVM13 EFFECT ENAMEL
VITAVM13 EFFECT PEARL
VITAVM13 EFFECT OPAL
VITAVM13 MARGIN
VITAVM13 CHROMA PLUS
VITAVM13 COLOR OPAQUE
EE1 mint cream
EE2 pastel
EE3 misty rose
EE4 vanilla
EE5 sun light
EE6 navajo
EE7 golden glow
EE8 coral
EE9 water drop
EE10 silver lake blue
EE11 drizzle
EP1 pearl
EP2 pearl blush
EP3 pearl rose
EO1 opal
EO2 opal whitish
EO3 opal bluish
M1 icy beige
M4 wheat
M5 amber
M7 seashell
M8 tan
M9 beach
CP1 ivory
CP2 almond
CP3 moccasin
CP4 caramel
CP5 burlywood
CO1 gold
CO2 brown
CO3 lilac
VITAVM13 GINGIVA KIT
Quantity Content
12g 5
1
2
Material
VITAVM13 GINGIVA G1- G5
12g 2 VITAVM13 GINGIVA OPAQUE GOL, GOD
VITAVM Shade sample blade
VITAVM13 PROFESSIONAL KIT **
Quantity Content
12g
12g
12g
12g
12g
12g
11
11
6
3
3
3
3
1
Material
VITAVM13 EFFECT CHROMA EC1- EC11
VITAVM13 EFFECT ENAMEL EE1- EE11
VITAVM13 EFFECT LINER EL1- EL6
VITAVM13 MAMELON MM1- MM3
VITAVM13 EFFECT PEARL EP1- EP3
VITAVM13 EFFECT OPAL EO1- EO3
** available as VITAVM13 PROFFESSIONAL KIT SMALL (EC1, EC4, EC6, EC8,
EC9, MM2, EP1, EO2, EE1, EE3, EE7, EE8, EE9, EE10, EE11)
VITAVM13 MARGIN KIT
Quantity Content
1
2
Material
12g 6 VITAVM13 MARGIN M1, M4, M5, M7- M9
Additional porcelains and assortments 13 VITAVM
8
COLOR
OPAQUE
VITAVM13 was designed as a low-fusing veneering ceramic for metal substructures in the conventional CTE
range for dental alloys (approx. 13.8 15.2) The CTE range and the firing temperature of VITAVM13 is
optimally matched to high-gold content alloys, reduced gold content bonding alloys, palladium-based alloys
or non-precious metal alloys. At this firing temperature, distortion of the alloy is virtually excluded.
In the case of VITAVM13, as a result of an innovative production process, it was possible to create
a dental ceramic with a structure, which, in contrast to traditional ceramics, demonstrates a particularly
homogeneous distribution of crystal and glass phase after firing. This type of structure is described
as a "fine-structure ceramic". (In figs. 1 and 2 the fine structure of VITAVM13 is compared with the structure
of a traditional ceramic.)
Fig. 1
The etched surface of a conventional metal ceramic, VITA OMEGA (etched for 20 sec. with VITA CERAMICS
ETCH) shows agglomerations of leucite crystals with diameters of up to 30 m. By means of localized balancing
of the differing the CTE values of leucite and glass phase, larger tension cracks are avoided.
Fig. 2
The etched surface of the VITAVM13 ceramic (etched for 20 sec. with VITA CERAMICS ETCH) shows an
extremely fine distribution of leucite crystals in the glass matrix. By localized balancing of the differing CTE
values of the leucite and the glass phase, it is possible to avoid larger tension cracks.
Good surface structure
In addition to improved physical properties, the fine structure of the VITAVM13 offers a whole
set of advantages to both dental technician and patient. Thanks to its homogeneous, dense surface,
VITAVM13 has excellent grinding and polishing characteristics, which enables very smooth
surfaces to be achieved. This reduces plaque adhesion at the ceramic surface and results in a
pleasant sensation of hygiene and attractiveness for the patient.
Fig. 1: Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of the
surface of a conventional metal ceramic; here
VITA OMEGA (magnification 5000x).
Fig. 2: Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of the surface
of VITAVM13 (magnification 5000x).
Fine-particle ceramic 13 VITAVM
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Solubility [g/cm
2
]
ISO threshold value VITA
OMEGA
VITAVM13
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Flexural strength [MPa]
Improved physical properties
Compared with conventional metal ceramics, VITAVM13 demonstrates in addition to
its reduced firing temperature an improvement in flexural strength, adhesive bonding and
resistance to thermal cycling while retaining a low degree of solubility in acid.
Antagonist friendly
VITAVM13 demonstrates similar behavior to all fine-structure ceramics
from VITA, i.e. closely resembling that of natural tooth enamel, and is therefore
antagonist friendly. This is confirmed by studies carried out on VITAVM7
by the Dental Clinic of the University of Zurich in Switzerland and Dr. Giordano
from the Goldman School of Medicine of the University of Boston.
Literature: E. A. McLaren, R. A. Giordano II, R. Pober, B. Abozenada, "Zweiphasige Vollglas-Verblendkeramik",
(Quintessenz Zahntech 30 1, 32 45 (2004)
VITAVM13 Physical properties
CTE (25-500 C) OPAQUE
Transformation point OPAQUE
CTE (25-500 C) BASE DENTINE
Softening point BASE DENTINE
Transformation point BASE DENTINE
Solubility BASE DENTINE
Value
13.6 - 14.0
approx. 570/577
13.1 - 13.6
approx. 635
approx. 560/565
approx. 12
Unit of
measurement
10
-6
K
-1
C
10
-6
K
-1
C
C
g/cm
2
Density BASE DENTINE
Flexural strength BASE DENTINE
Transformation point BASE DENTINE
Adhesive bond BASE DENTINE
approx. 2.5
approx. 120
approx. 18
approx. 43
g/cm
3
MPa (Nmm
-2
)
m (d50)
MPa
ISO threshold value VITA
OMEGA
VITAVM13
Fig. 3: Flexural strength of VITAVM13 compared with that
of VITA OMEGA 900 and the ISO threshold value according
to ISO 6872.
Fig. 4: Solubility in acid of VITAVM13 compared with that of VITA
OMEGA 900 and the ISO threshold value according to ISO 6872.
data facts 13 VITAVM
The VITAVM13 veneering ceramic is available in the
VITA SYSTEM 3D-MASTER shades. Shade compatibility
with all VITA 3D-MASTER materials is guaranteed.
Please note:
Our products should be used according to the working instructions. We cannot be
held liable for damages resulting from incorrect handling or usage. The user is furthermore
obliged to check the product before use with regard to its suitability for the intended
area of applications. We cannot accept any liability if the product is used in conjunction with
materials and equipment from other manufacturers which are not compatible or not
authorized for use with our product. Furthermore, our liability for the correctness of this
information is independent of the legal ground and, in as far as legally permissible, is
limited to the invoiced value of the goods supplied excluding turnover tax. In particular, as
far as legally permissible, we do not assume any liability for profit loss, for indirect
damages, for consequential damages or for claims of third parties against the purchaser.
Claims for damages based on fault liability (fault in making the contract, breach of
contract, unlawful acts, etc.) can only be made in the case of intent or gross negligence.
Date of issue of these instructions for use: 01-05
With the unique VITA SYSTEM 3D-MASTER all
natural tooth shades are systematically determined
and completely reproduced.
VITA Zahnfabrik has been certified according to the Guideline for
Medical Devices and the following products bear the CE mark :
VITAVM13
VITA Akzent
VITA Zahnfabrik H. Rauter GmbH & Co. KG
Postfach 1338 D-79704 Bad Sckingen
.
Germany
Tel. +49/ 7761/562-222 Fax +49/ 7761/562- 446
www.vita-zahnfabrik.com info@vita-zahnfabrik.com
1
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VENEERING MATERIAL page 11 13 VITAVM

Also available in 50 g in the following shades:

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