Practical Modern Hair Science

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Index

#
2-in-1 shampoos 94, 445, 496, 504

A
a-keratin 250
a-keratin fibers 190, 249
AA (alopecia areata) 63-4, 73, 233, 423
acid
oleic 136, 395, 398
phosphotungstic 12-14, 17
acrylamide 95, 106, 109
adhesion 376, 435, 438-9, 442, 537
adsorption 77, 88, 148, 338-9, 341-2, 345, 348, 352, 358-60, 362, 365
water-hair 338
adsorption isotherms 336, 338, 341, 343, 351-2, 357-8, 360
hair-water 339
adsorption rates 346, 349-51
AFM (atomic force microscopy) 115, 372, 442-3
African American 201, 214, 220, 233, 399
African hair 197-8, 201-3, 221, 226, 311, 317, 319, 326, 474
untreated 318-19
African hair types 181, 213, 470, 474
539

Practical Modern Hair Science

Afro hair 194, 259-64, 274, 276-7, 291

relaxed 262, 264-5
agents 76, 382, 402, 420-1
oxidizing 117, 121, 158, 164, 174, 178, 180
reductive 371
surface-active 76
algorithmic modeling 316
alkali 181-2, 386, 418
alkalizer 122, 124-6, 131, 134-5, 137, 139, 144, 153
alopecia areata see AA
alpha-keratin fibers 37, 189-90, 249-50
alpha-keratins 368, 386
American Chemical Society 111, 412, 529, 535
amino acid(s) 2-3, 21, 24-5, 28, 32, 198, 200-1, 302, 367-8, 383, 397
amino acid analysis 13, 35, 166-7, 173, 189, 200, 226
amino acid residues 11-12, 22, 37
amino acid sequences 24-6, 31-3
ammonia 122, 124-6, 134-5, 137, 139, 178, 184, 201
ammoniacal silver nitrate 7, 9, 11, 18
ammonium thioglycolate 167, 173, 178, 182, 189, 231, 386
anagen 49, 51-3, 57, 452, 465, 474
anagen hair follicles 53-4, 64
androgenetic alopecia 58-60, 73
anion, perhydroxyl 125, 132, 144, 147, 149
anionic surfactant 87, 89-90, 93-4, 113
antifungal activities 402-3, 406-7, 412
APM (arrector pili muscle) 41
apoptosis 49-50, 54-5, 411
arrector pili muscle (APM) 41
Asian hair 172, 183, 195, 203, 226, 232-3, 235
atomic force microscopy see AFM
atopic dermatitis 394, 412-13
Australia 8, 36, 331, 365, 453
awl hair 43
540

 Index

B
bending 155, 161-2, 175-7, 190, 236, 238-9, 241, 451, 471-2, 474,
485, 487, 490
bending properties 239, 471, 483
bending stiffness 34, 100, 236, 239-40, 471, 483
bending strength 238, 240
bleach products 119, 144-6, 148
persulfate 138, 150
bleached hair 154, 236, 287
bleaches 119, 121, 126, 145-6, 353
Brazilian hair 207, 214
brush 251-2, 282, 290, 325, 472, 499, 505, 507, 520-1
buildup 76, 97, 334, 512, 516, 520
bulb 50, 63, 195, 199, 219-20

C
calcium 149-50, 155, 184
California Air Resource Board (CARB) 426-7, 448
carbomers 92, 100, 418-19, 421, 423, 425
catagen 49-52, 54
cationic polymers 88-9, 91, 93-4, 96, 101, 107, 113, 449
Caucasian hair
conditioned 286-7
hair fibers 272
repeated grooming of virgin 282, 287
cell membrane 14, 16, 35, 76, 148, 376, 489
cell types, cortical 18-19, 35
cells
mesenchymal 44-5, 47, 68
ortho-cortical 196, 198-9
ceramides 201, 401, 408, 475
chemical treatments 9, 251, 319, 339-40, 353, 355, 502, 511
children 64-5, 399, 469, 476, 489
hair of 476, 480
541

Practical Modern Hair Science

chlorine water treatment 9-10

cholesterol 201, 392, 474-6
esters 392, 476-7
chromophores 123-5, 130, 297, 301-2, 387
CI (confidence interval) 42, 201, 204, 215-16, 218, 319
climbazole 402, 407, 413
CMC (cell membrane complex) 2, 7-8, 13-16, 35, 76, 78, 91-2, 94,
148, 376, 489
co-surfactant 90-1, 95, 102, 104-5
coil, helical 159-62
coiled-coil dimers 25-30
color 55, 117-18, 120-2, 128, 132-3, 138-40, 143, 145-6, 151-3, 2034, 301-2, 452-3, 480-1, 516, 518
final 120, 122, 131, 145
measuring 120
natural 117-18, 120, 122, 137, 146
new 118
underlying 118-19, 121-2
color fade 142, 151-2, 516-19
color formation 126, 129, 134, 147, 151, 378
color image analysis 330
color measurements 323
microscopic hair 332
colorants, permanent 121-2, 124, 126, 146
coloring 119, 142, 145, 153-4, 251, 502
process 147, 150-1, 153
products 121, 133, 135, 144, 146, 151
first hair 153
permanent 119
comb 210-11, 251-2, 281-2, 334, 472, 482, 487, 495, 499-500, 502,
505, 507
combing 99, 132, 135, 150, 207, 210-13, 280, 293, 420, 444, 473,
485, 489
wet 95, 444, 473
542

 Index

conditioner formulations 84, 101, 105

conditioner products 150, 280, 496, 503, 507, 509
conventional 355, 357
conditioners 75, 84, 93, 99, 101, 104-6, 135, 142, 150, 152, 209, 211,
445, 495-7, 503-4
conditioning 90, 98-101, 110, 113-14, 135, 155, 293, 315, 357, 403,
405, 429, 434, 489, 504
agents 95, 100, 110, 135, 150, 502
gel phase 99
polymers 93, 96, 106-7, 109, 445
products 280, 498, 515-16, 521
properties 107, 109
shampoo compositions 93, 113-14
shampoos 92-5, 97-100, 113
transparent 97
confidence interval see CI
contact angle 85-6, 355
contact dermatitis 190-1
contrast gloss 302-3
copolymerization 423, 425, 437
copolymers 106, 109-10, 422
copper 121, 125-6, 134, 147, 149, 151, 155, 406
cortex 5, 16, 19, 31, 42, 48, 106, 123-4, 148, 191, 198, 245, 375-7,
447, 471-2
cortical cells 16-18, 21, 36, 223, 376
cross-link 11, 26, 32, 374, 377
cross-linking 26, 149, 367, 375, 377
curl 18, 157-9, 161, 180-1, 194-6, 204, 206-9, 211, 213-14, 217, 21920, 325, 534
curl types 205, 207, 210, 213-14, 216-18
curlers 157-8, 161, 164
curliness 21, 197-9
curly 194, 197-8, 204-5, 211, 311-12, 315, 319, 443, 473-4
curly hair 18, 183, 195, 198-9, 210-13, 219, 297, 445, 474, 510
543

Practical Modern Hair Science

extensions 208
curved hair 221, 488
cuticle 5-6, 10, 12-14, 16, 18, 34-5, 42, 48, 106, 148-51, 177, 202,
236-8, 375-6, 472
cells 7-10, 12, 14-15, 223, 301
layers 42, 48, 203, 223
structure 330, 512-14
cycles, hair growth 72, 453, 487
cysteamine 172-4, 178, 189
cysteic acid 3, 9, 148, 164, 166, 374
cystine 3, 9, 11-12, 14-15, 23-4, 167, 198, 248, 302, 367-9, 371, 374-5

D
dandruff 209-10, 389-96, 398-403, 408-13, 530, 535
control 413
over-the-counter treatment of 407
severe 390, 412-13
treatment 403-5
dark hair 122-3, 146, 312, 454-5, 458
DC (dermal condensate) 45, 48, 322
denaturation 376, 378-80, 382, 385
denaturation temperature 380, 385
depilatories 184, 188, 191
dermal papilla see DP
dermal sheath see DS
dermis 42, 44-5, 48, 54
desorption isotherms 337-8, 345, 358-9
detangling 135, 207, 209, 252, 493, 501-2
developer 131-4, 136-8
direct dyes 119, 138, 145, 152
diseases 36, 59, 64, 72, 220, 410-11, 455
disulfide bond reduction 167, 189-90, 386-7
disulfide bonds 149, 164-5, 167-8, 176, 190, 232, 246, 367-9, 371-2,
385-7
dithiothreitol 11-12, 170, 372
544

 Index

DMA (Dynamic Mechanical Analysis) 234, 241, 437

DoE (design of experiments) 425
DP (dermal papilla) 42-3, 45, 48-51, 53, 413
dry hair 2, 16, 99, 211, 225, 230-1, 241, 334, 343, 360, 383, 441, 473
dry hair conditioning 474
DS (dermal sheath) 42-3
DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) 183, 377, 380, 384-5, 443
DSC analysis of hair fibers 385
dye formation 119, 127-8, 131
dye molecules 517-18
colored 119-20
dye precursors 119, 121-2, 126-8, 131, 134-5, 137, 153
dyes 16, 35, 117, 119, 122, 129, 131, 135, 138-42, 145, 149, 151-2,
154, 324, 489
natural 142-3
Dynamic Mechanical Analysis see DMA

E
ectoderm 44, 67-8
ellipticity 195-6, 204, 217, 219, 228, 451, 467-8, 470-1, 474, 483, 485
ellipticity values 214, 216, 218
emulsions 101, 104-5, 133, 187, 296
water-in-water 97
endocuticle 12-14, 16, 211
environmental conditions 210, 263, 265, 280, 292, 333, 336, 340,
344, 444
epicuticle 9-11, 35, 376
epidermis 39-40, 42, 44, 46, 49, 53, 68, 70, 72, 391, 396, 410
interfollicular 46, 52-3
epithelial cells 15, 40, 45-6, 48, 53
epithelial stem cells 51, 72
equipment 241, 254, 344, 361
esters, wax 392, 475-7
ethanol 187, 360-2, 382, 429
ethnic groups 39, 199, 203-4, 206, 209-10, 214-17, 534
545

Practical Modern Hair Science

ethnic hair 193-4, 220, 274, 534

eumelanin 55-6, 118, 122-3, 301-2, 320, 375, 456
eumelanin granules 123-4
exocuticle 12, 14, 31-2
eyelashes 40, 48, 295, 324-6, 328-9, 332
treated 326-8

F
F-layer 148-9, 351, 354-5
removal 148, 150-1
fatigue experiments 254, 261, 267, 352
single fiber 253, 280, 292
fatigue results 261-3
fatty acids 8, 14, 75, 201-2, 376, 392, 475-6
free 392, 396, 398
female pattern hair loss see FPHL
fiber assembly, polymer-treated hair 449
fiber axis 16, 224, 243, 311
fiber breakage 257, 278, 284, 292, 352, 506
fiber curvature 35, 155, 318, 473, 489
increasing hair 482, 485
fiber cuticle 16, 23, 31, 35, 386
fiber diameter 160-1, 258, 461-2, 465, 471, 473, 483, 485, 521
optical 461, 463
fiber dimensions 258-9, 265, 272-3, 280
fiber fragments, broken 282, 287
fiber friction 473, 483
fiber length 237, 471, 480, 527
fiber properties 334, 352, 452, 459, 474, 478
single 159, 249, 314, 331, 489-90
fiber stiffness 473, 482, 487, 521
fiber structure 31, 245, 260, 323, 386
fibroblast growth factor 46, 69
film 78, 300-1, 313, 420, 435-7
546

 Index

resinous 420-1, 425

fine hair 161, 177, 238, 259, 445, 459, 520-1
fixative 421, 425-6, 439, 449
fixative polymers 418-19, 421, 425, 434, 447
fixative resin 418-20
flakes 389-91, 400-1, 404, 408
flaking 390-1, 395-6, 400, 402, 409, 420, 422-3, 425, 443
foam 78, 87-91, 102, 133, 140, 153, 403, 417, 421, 434-5
foaming 91, 94, 104, 419-21
follicle 2, 42, 45, 48-50, 52-3, 57, 124, 195-7, 252, 367, 386, 452
foreheads 476-8
formula 133-4, 136-7, 140, 144-5, 174, 178, 280, 416, 420, 425, 427,
434, 494, 504
formulations 83, 91, 99, 101, 134-5, 139, 181, 187-8, 357, 406, 41819, 421, 447-8, 494-5, 502-3
FPHL (female pattern hair loss) 58, 60-2, 488
fragrance 75, 89-90, 421, 428, 493-4
friction 9, 34, 75, 100, 155, 207, 221, 314, 386, 442, 483, 489, 499
frizz 207, 209, 311, 510-11, 516, 520
frizziness 467, 481-2, 485, 511
frizzy hair 209, 311-12, 315, 320

G
gelation 379-81
gels 105, 133, 142, 144, 199, 417-19, 425, 445, 448
genes 36, 50, 52, 68-9, 219, 530
gloss 96, 104, 302-3
goniophotometer 303-5, 307
gray 118, 121-2, 137, 139, 144, 153, 163, 210, 321, 453-7, 480

H
hair 1-9, 94-101, 138-52, 157-84, 186-221, 223-30, 232-44, 295-304,
315-24, 329-36, 344-76, 415-21, 465-76, 478-85, 502-11
brown 122, 302, 315
colored 135, 150, 155, 445, 455, 480
conditioned 286-7
547

Practical Modern Hair Science

curled 179, 195

dyed 154, 456, 516-19
elliptical 160, 237, 239
kinky 181, 194
lanugo 48
lighten 117, 518
natural 118, 207, 211
non-pigmented 458, 488
perm 171-2
product-treated 500
straighten 180, 208
treated 101, 312, 435, 502
vellus 40, 48, 58
wavy 181, 311-12, 445, 472-3
hair aging 57, 451-2, 483-4, 488
hair biology 198, 531
hair bulb 41, 45, 49, 54, 199, 452
hair care products
aerosol 429
antidandruff 403
international 530
hair color 56, 72, 118, 120, 122, 137, 144, 153, 206, 320, 322-3, 332,
480-1, 513, 533
lightest 480, 484
natural 117, 119, 122, 152-3
hair colorants 146, 152
hair condition 292, 519
hair conditioners 105, 155, 445, 473, 535
hair cortex 7, 19, 122, 224
hair curl 236, 317
hair diseases 73, 409, 537
hair disorders 52, 57-8
hair dryness 209
hair dye products 152
hair dyes 152, 155
548

 Index

hair fixative polymer 439

hair follicle cycles 43, 49-50
hair follicle melanocytes 55-6
hair follicle morphogenesis 43-4, 47-8, 70-1
hair follicle neogenesis 53, 70
hair frizz 481-2
hair gels 418, 421, 441, 448
hair growth 51, 65, 73
hair hygrometer 333
hair keratins 25, 28, 165, 189, 221, 247, 388, 525
hair lipid levels 482, 485
hair loss 58-9, 63-5, 73, 194, 415, 451, 461-2, 488
hair luster 295, 302-4, 306, 308, 312-13, 330-1, 466-7, 481, 483, 485
hair morphology 416-17, 447
hair mousse 427, 449
hair pigmentation 53, 56, 72, 323, 451
hair proteins 23, 223, 387
hair sprays 5, 142, 418-19, 426-7, 430-1, 441, 445, 521
hair straightening 106, 181-3, 189-91, 534
heat 157-8, 178, 183, 233, 235, 355, 364, 379, 383, 388, 427, 510
helices 22, 36-7, 188
hormones 55, 60-2, 393, 452
HS (hair shaft) 31, 40-3, 47-9, 51, 57-8, 61, 65, 334, 369, 397, 465
HSPs (high sulfur proteins) 199, 382
humidity conditions 263, 267, 273, 278, 337, 441
humidity steps 348, 350-1
hydration 79, 243, 245, 380
hydrocarbons 75, 430, 475
hydrofluorocarbon 428-30, 433
hydrogen bonds 22, 33, 77, 157, 352, 368-70, 373, 380, 385, 387, 510
hydrogen peroxide 117, 119, 121-2, 124-7, 131, 134, 136-9, 144,
147, 150, 153-5, 164, 178, 181
hydrophilic 86, 104-5, 148, 355, 438
hydrophobic 24-5, 86, 101, 423
549

Practical Modern Hair Science

hydrophobicity 76, 86, 101, 104-5, 111, 135, 150, 375, 422-3

I
image analysis 295-6, 306, 309, 311, 319, 323, 326, 329-30, 442
imaging technologies 310, 313, 329
infancy 392, 459, 466, 470
inhibitors 46, 51, 433
inner root sheath see IRS
iron 125, 134, 147, 149-51, 178
irradiation 252, 374-5
IRS (inner root sheath) 41-2, 48-50, 71, 195-6

J
Japanese hair 172, 198, 203, 465, 468, 482, 488

K
KAPs (keratin associated protein) 20, 23, 31, 33, 36, 157, 199-200,
223-4, 244, 247, 249, 385
keratin bundles 48-9
keratin fibers 35, 37, 106, 154, 190, 224-5, 241-7, 249-50, 343, 365,
377-8, 383-4, 488
keratin macrofibrils 16, 18
ketoconazole 402, 406-7, 412-13
KIF proteins 24-5, 31
type II hair 28
KIFs (keratin intermediate filaments) 1, 20-1, 23, 26-31, 37, 249
kynurenines 302, 320-1, 378

L
lamellae 87-90
lanthionine 182, 191, 370-2, 374
light 96, 135, 152, 202, 210, 220, 237, 246, 297-302, 304, 306, 313,
330, 374, 512-13
light blonde 121, 125-6, 144, 146
light rays 298-9
550

 Index

light waves 299-301

lighten 117-18, 122, 124, 145-6
lightening 118-19, 121-2, 125-6, 131-2, 138-9, 144-7, 151
lipases 395-7
lipids 2, 15-16, 115, 148, 198, 201-2, 375, 401, 410, 475-6, 478, 485,
489
sebaceous 401, 409-10
low sulfur proteins (LSPs) 199
LRP (lipoprotein related protein) 68
LSPs (low sulfur proteins) 199
lubrication 75, 357, 364, 496-9, 502, 504, 506, 520
luminosity 307-8, 311, 319, 328
luster 296, 298, 301-4, 307-9, 311-12, 314, 329-31, 466, 481

M
macrofibrils 17, 19-21, 343
mascara 324-8, 332
treatments 296, 324, 327, 329
melanin 2, 53-4, 56, 118-19, 121-2, 124, 135, 137, 146-7, 153, 301,
374-5, 387, 518
melanocyte stem cells 41, 54, 57, 72
melanocytes 39-40, 48, 52-7, 68, 72, 387, 452, 456, 487, 537
melanogenesis 55-6, 124, 153, 387
melanosome granules 123-5
melanosomes 53, 122-4
menopause 464, 478-9, 483, 486, 490
metals 134, 149-50
methanol 360-2, 382
micelles 76, 78-84, 87, 90, 102, 111
spherical 78-81
microfibrils 20, 29, 37, 157, 184, 243-6, 343
Mini Tensile Tester (MTT) 254, 361
moisture 334, 336, 351, 356-7, 364, 384, 386
moisturization 356-7, 498, 522
molecules, amphipathic 79-80
551

Practical Modern Hair Science

monoethanolamine 134-5, 137

monomers 109, 422, 424-5, 436
mousses 110, 140, 142, 421, 430, 434, 445, 521
MTT (Mini Tensile Tester) 254, 361

N
negroid hair 191, 248, 293, 489
neural crest 42, 54, 67-8
neutralization step 164-5, 167, 353
neutralizers 164, 178-9, 181, 437-8
Nicolaides 221, 476, 489

O
oils 76-7, 79, 85-7, 95, 101, 135, 207, 209, 299, 301, 359-60, 362-3,
420-1
ORS (outer root sheath) 41-2, 48-50, 54, 195-6
orthocortex 4, 18, 20-1
outer root sheath see ORS
oxidant 124, 126, 131, 133, 147, 151
oxidation 9, 11, 32, 129, 134, 138, 143, 149, 155, 164-5, 175, 188,
248, 353, 370
oxidative dyes 117, 119, 132, 138-9, 151
oxidative hair color 332, 443

P
paracortex 4, 17-19, 21
permanent waves 166, 181, 183-4, 189, 206, 240
permanent waving 164-5, 177-8, 180-1, 188-90, 231, 236, 248-9, 522
phase separation 79, 98, 102-3
phases 44, 49, 51-2, 87, 90, 94, 101, 103, 176-7, 234, 301
lamellar 84, 103
phenylalanine 198, 201, 374
pheomelanin 55-6, 118, 122-3, 302, 320, 375, 456
photoprotection 375, 387, 488
pigmented hairs 53, 163, 313, 452, 458-9, 480, 515
552

 Index

placodes 45-7
plateau border 87-9
polyquaternium-10 91-3, 96-7, 107
post-menopausal 463, 477-8, 481
post-yield slope 226-8, 231, 248
pre-menopausal 463, 478-9
progeny 41-2, 72
propellant 417, 419, 428-31, 433-5
protein chains 22, 25, 27, 29, 33, 37, 343, 370
protein denaturation 380-1, 383
protein molecules 378-9, 383
psoriasis drug products 412-13
puberty 48, 392, 399, 410, 460, 464, 469, 476, 479, 482-3, 486
PVP 420-1, 423-5, 437
pyrithione zinc shampoos 405

R
radiation 63, 303, 373-5, 392
red hair 55, 122, 154, 302, 321, 387
reducing agents 106, 138, 158, 164, 167-75, 178, 186-7, 190
reflection 297, 304, 311
laser-light 330
refraction, index of 298-300
relative humidity see RH
relaxed hair 212-13, 318-19
relaxer treatments 181, 211, 233, 317-19
relaxers 181, 183, 207-8, 213, 232, 326
RH (relative humidity) 158-9, 162-3, 225-6, 228, 235-6, 241-3, 254-5,
257-68, 270-80, 285-9, 333-4, 344, 346-50, 352-3, 356

S
salicylic acid 402-3, 407, 412
salts 81, 90, 102, 105, 111, 143, 147
scalp 4, 6, 39-40, 48, 52, 57, 59-61, 64-5, 389-91, 395-8, 400-1, 407-8,
451-2, 480, 529-31
553

Practical Modern Hair Science

dry 209-10
scalp hair 39, 52, 57, 63, 65, 220, 415, 452, 459, 465, 471-2, 488
sebaceous glands 43, 48-9, 52, 75, 410, 474-6
seborrheic dermatitis 389-92, 394, 396, 398-402, 404, 406-10, 41214, 535
sebum 75-6, 87, 207, 308-9, 392, 395, 404, 410, 476-7, 514, 520
shampoos 75-6, 83-5, 87, 89-96, 98, 100-2, 113-14, 142, 152, 403-7,
411-13, 444-5, 496-8, 514, 516-17
shear 101, 242-3, 245, 418-19
shear modulus 160, 236, 238, 242-3, 245, 249, 472
sheath, inner root 41-2, 49, 71, 195-6
shedding 48, 51, 58-9, 61-2, 73
silicone deposition levels 115, 504
silicones 95-8, 100, 104, 110, 113, 135, 150, 155, 303, 420, 445, 504
silver, ammoniacal 10, 12, 14-15, 19
skin 40, 44, 46-50, 53-5, 71-2, 91-2, 95, 104, 220-1, 248-9, 296, 373,
396-7, 410, 535-6
skin diseases 409, 411
solution 11, 28, 77-8, 81, 111, 178, 187, 381, 426, 435, 438
squalene 392, 475-6
stem cells 41-2, 48, 72
stiffness 155, 221, 236, 314, 364, 420, 422-4, 435, 437, 439, 441, 443-4,
471, 473, 489
straight hair 20, 157, 179, 195-6, 198-9, 207, 211-12, 220, 297, 311,
445
straighten 157, 181, 206, 208
straightened hair 211, 213, 511
stress 69, 161, 164-8, 223-4, 226, 231-2, 234, 242, 254-8, 262, 264-8,
270-1, 273, 278-9, 292
oscillating 234, 246
stress relaxation 161, 165, 174-5, 223, 241-5, 247
stress/strain curve 224-6, 228, 233, 245, 250
stress-strain experiments 266-7
structure
coiled-coil 24-5
554

 Index

intermediate filament 36, 249

polymer-hair fiber assembly 439
styles 75, 206-8, 291, 416-17, 442, 447, 480
styling 39, 207, 417, 420-1, 425, 434-5, 444, 447
styling polymers 315, 429, 438, 447
advanced 422-4
sulfate 132, 136, 140, 145, 475
sulfide, selenium 402, 406, 412-13
sulfur 402-3, 407
sunlight 1-2, 297, 313, 373-4
surface tension 76-7, 92, 438
surfactants 76-8, 85, 88-94, 101-3, 112-13, 248, 359-60, 434, 491, 535
cationic 99, 104-5, 432, 509
primary 90-1, 95, 105

T
tar, coal 402-3, 407, 413
telogen 49-52, 196-7, 465
telogen effluvium 60-2, 73
telogen hairs 57-8, 61, 65, 197
TEM see Transmission Electron Microscope
temperature 29, 78, 103, 159, 168-9, 208, 230, 232-3, 248, 337-40,
349-51, 376-85, 431, 433, 442
texture analyzer 435-7, 439, 441, 499
thickener 101-2, 133
thioglycolate 169, 173-4, 180-1, 187
tint 131-8
torsion 161-2, 177, 211, 235-6, 471
torsion pendulum 236-9, 243
torsional 224, 236-7, 242
torsional rigidity 223, 236, 238, 451, 472
Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) 1, 5, 13, 17, 21, 25, 29,
33, 123
TRI (Textile Research Institute) 238-9, 281, 292, 515, 524, 531-2
trichocyte, three-dimensional structure of 37, 249
555

Practical Modern Hair Science

triglycerides 75, 392, 475

tryptophan 302, 374-5, 378
tyrosine 123, 198, 201, 302, 374-5, 378

U
UV radiation 194, 373-5
UVA 373-5
UVB 373-5

V
vinyl pyrrolidone see VP
virgin hair 235, 288, 350, 506, 527
VOCs (volatile organic compounds) 426-9, 448
VP (vinyl pyrrolidone) 108, 422-5, 437
homopolymer 422-3

W
water
chlorine 9-10
surface tension of 77, 211
tap 149-50
water adsorption 339-40, 342, 346-8, 361, 365
wet combing results 503-5
wetting 112, 355, 433, 438, 473
white hair 118, 128
wool 32, 34-6, 189, 198, 220, 223-4, 241-2, 247, 250, 338-40, 352,
365, 374-5, 377-8, 387-8
sheeps 5, 8, 21, 23, 35

Y
yeasts 394-5, 404, 411

Z
zinc pyrithione 100, 404-6, 412-13
556