1) Fertilisation ensures continuity of species/ prevent extinction

2) Ovum + sperm(reproductive cells) fertilisation zygote embryo.foetusbaby

3) Only some plants asexual reproduction (no gender) and lower organism example amoeba,
unicell
4) Binary fission one become 2, amoeba, paramecium, bacteria
5) Budding break off to become new organism, hydra, tapeworm, yeast
6) 7) 8) Budding, binary fission, spore formation, vegetative reproduction (all asexual reproduction )
all offsprings looks like parent
9) gamete (sperm can move/swim) (ovum- do not move)
10) 12) 14) 15) label in diagram/ function of male reproductive system
1)..
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
11) testes is sensitive to temperature/heat because sperms die easily
13) sperm
1) head
2) midpiece
3) tail
16)17) 18) 20) female reproductive system
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
19) diameter:
sperm is only 0.0025mm, smallest in male, 300 million per day,
ovum is 0.1mm, 1 per month, at most 2, biggest in female
21) 25) if fertilised / pregnant no menstruation
22) 23) 24) 26)
4 phases of menstruation/ thickness (once every 28 days)
1)
2)
3)
4)
29) placenta separates mother and babys blood system
30) foetus excrete through mothers system
Completely form
Protected by amniotic fluid(liquid)- absorb shocks, cushion



31) 34) 36) 38)connect between foetus and mother:

placenta exchange: (implant embryo, separate both blood/ not connected)
to mother: carbon dioxide, waste
to foetus: oxygen , nutrient, food
Umbilical cord: transport substance above to and fro

32) refer (2)
33) embryo completely formed major organ (a living being) at 8 weeks

37) 40) 42) pregnant mother:
eat healthily- protein, iron, folic acid (prevent nervous defect in baby)
calcium strengthen bone and teeth of foetus / mother- prevent osteoporosis
Do not smoke, take drug, alcohol

39) pregnant mother smoke:
Premature death in womb, miscarriage, baby retarded/defect/ premature birth

41) Antibody in mother or milk will kill microorganism and protect baby

43) 45) 47)permanent birth control/ surgical method:
Male: vasectomy (urethra is cut or tied) , female ligation (fallopian tube)

44) sterility: ovary cannot produce ovum,ovum not developed, fallopian tube blocked, shape of
uterus abnormal

46) prevent pregnancy: contraceptive pills- hormone to prevent ovulation, spermicide, sex at
safe period, prevent fertile phase,
IUD device intrauterine

47) IUD prevent implantation, plastic/metal
Diaphragm (soft dome shape)

Ovum
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Zygote
Fallopian tube
Provide food for development of zygote
Female gamete cannot move but male gamete can