C Interview Qeustions

1
1)
void main()
{
int i,*j;
i=35;
??????//j=&i;
printf("%d",*j);
}
To get the 35 as the output,which statement is replaced by ??????
2)
To print a single character in ouptut,which function is used?

a) getchar()
b) gets()
c) putchar()
d) puts()
ans::c
3)
void main()
{
struct emp
{
int a;
struct emp b;
};
struct emp m;
printf("%d",sizeof(m));
}
ans::error
#define t 10
void main()
{
printf("%d",t);
}
a) 10
b) Error:Unfined symbol 't'
c) Error:Improper placement of preprocessor
d) none of the above
9)
ans::a
Explicit datatype conversion is called
a) Type casting
b) conversion
c) separation
d) none
ans::a
2
10)
what is the size of char *a,int *b,float *q,if the size of the
double pointer is 2 bytes
a) 1 1 1
b) 2 2 2
c) 4 4 4
d) 1 2 4
ans::b
predict the ouput
strcut emp
{
char name[50];
struct emp e;
}*oemp;
oemp->name="wipro";
ans::error
16)
Predict the output

struct a
{
int x;
}e1;
struct b
{
int y;
}e2;
if(e1==e2)//structure cannot be comapred simplys
printf("Equal");
else
printf("Unequal");
ans::error
17)
main()
{
int i,j;
for(i=0;i<2;i++)
for(j=0;j<5;j++)
{
if(i==j)
continue;
3
printf("hello");
}
}
}
18)
which one is used to get a multiword string?

a) gets
b) printf
c) puts
d) getchar
ans::a.
19)
main()
{
char *a="\12345\n";
printf("%d",sizeof(a));
}
ans::2
20)
int fun()
{
int k=10;
return(&k);
}
main()
{
int *p;
p=fun();
printf("%d",*p);
}
ans::10
21)
i) char *str="welcome";
ii) char str[50]="welcome";
for these 2 definitions will they give you the same output for the given statement?
printf("%c",str[3]);
yes
22)
void fun()
{
return(a>100?100:200);
}
void main()
{
printf("%d",fun(5));
4
}
ans::error
23)
void disp(int a,int b)

{
return(a>b?a+b:a*b);
}
void main()
{
printf("%d",,disp(5,6));
}
ans::error
1) void main()
{
int i=0;
while(i==0)
{
}
printf("%d",i);
}
ans:: no output//infinte loop
2)
void main()
{
int i=1;
while(++i==1)
{}
printf("%d",i);
}
3)
4)
ans::2
char s[]={'a','b','c','\0'};
printf("%s",s);
output::abc
int arr[3][3]={2,3,4, 5,6,7, 8,9,10};
for(i=0;i<=2;i++)
for(j=0;j<=2;++j)
printf("%d",*(*(arr+i)+j));
//*(arr[i]+j)--arr[i][j]
5
output=2345678910
5)
int b=20;
printf("%d",++*&b);
ans::21
6)
which can be replaced by a switch block?

a) do..while
b) for
c) while
d) else if
ans::d
7)
which of these is not a operator in c?

a) ~
b) ^
c) %
d) ::
ans: d::
which of these is not a valid character constant
a) "A"
b) '*'
c) '+'
d) 'h'
ans::a
struct student
{
int i;
char c[10];
struct student *s;
};
struct student stud,*stu;
stu=&stud;
printf("%d %d",sizeof(stud));
ans::14
what is the output of the following program?
8)
9)
15)
void main()
{
int i=12;
int *q;
q=&i;
*q=*q-8;
printf("%d",i);
}
ans::4
6
16)
what is the use of precedence in C programs for operators?

a) Precendence are used to replace the variables used in operations
b) precendence are used to allocate memory space
c) precendence are used to evaluate the expression first
d) None of the above
ans::c
17)
aaa(){ printf("Hai")};
bbb(){ printf("Hello")};
ccc(){ printf("Bye")};
void main()
{
int (*ptr[3])();
ptr[0]=aaa;
ptr[1]=bbb;
ptr[2]=ccc;
}
ans::nothing it will print to call function we sud write (*ptr[0])();
18)
19)
20)
In Unsigned char,signed value is represented by 1 in most significant bit.

a) true
b) false
ans::b
int i=1;
switch(i*2)
{
case 1:
printf("case1");
break;
case 2:
printf("case 2");
default:
printf("default");
break;
}
a) case1 case2 default
b) case2
c) case2 default
d) compiler error
ans::c
struct node
{
int info;
struct node *left,*right;
7
};
if nd is a pointer which is pointing to the first node,then which one of the
following is correct?
a) nd->right = NULL;
b) nd->left = NULL;
c) nd = NuLL;
d) nd->left->right = NULL;
ans::b
21)
22)
struct a
{
char *i;
char *j;
};
struct b
{
struct a x;
int i;
}*y;
printf("%d %d",sizeof(y),sizeof(*y));
ans::2 6
#define t printf
void main()
{
int i=10;
t("%d",i);
}
ans::10
23)
int a[3][4]={1,2,3,4, 5};

printf("%d",a[0][4]);
ans::5
24)
which one is used to check the given string is palindrome or not

a) Single Linked list
b) doubly linked list
c) Arrays
D) none of the above
ans::c
25)
#define HELLO hai

void main()
{
printf("HELLO");
26)
27)
}
ans::hello
The formal arguments has a default value zero
a) true
b) false
ans::b
void fun()
{
?????
x++;
printf("%d",x);
}
int x;
void main()
{
x=7;
printf("%d",x);
x++;
printf("%d",x);
fun();
}
if the outputs are 7,8,9,then which is replaced instead of ?????
a) extern int x;
b) auto int x;
c) static int x;
d) register int x;
ans::a
28)
void main()
{
int i;
for(i=1;i<=5;i++)
{}
printf("%d",i);
}
ans::6
30)
31)
If p=(int *) malloc(sizeof(int)*10),then which one is true?

i) It allocates 20 bytes of memory
ii) The value in the memory is allocated to zero
a) i only
b)ii only
c) both i and ii
d) neither i nor ii
ans::a
If p=(int *) calloc(sizeof(int)*10),then which one is true?
9
a) i only
b)ii only
c) both i and ii
d) neither i nor ii
ans::c
32) Predict the output
int i=1;
while(i<3)
{
switch(i)
{
case 1:
printf ("Case 1");
break;
case 2:
printf ("case 2");
break;
default:
printf ("Default");
}
i++:
}
35) for (i=1; i=2; i++)
{
printf ("HAI");
}
ans::hai hai hai....infinite
37)
38)
If 'a' is the integer which is not statically initialized then what is the value of 'a'?
a) zero
b) garbage
c) none of these
ans::b
struct emp
{
int a=20;//intialization cannot be done here..
char name[10]="AAA";
};
void main()
{
struct emp oemp;
10
printf("%s",oemp->name);
printf("%d",oemp->a);
}
39)
40)
41)
42)
43)
44)
ans::error//if struct element cannot be intialized +oemp cannot use -> only ".".
Which of the following is considered as tokens in C?
a) Variables
b) Keywords
c) Constants
d) All the above
ans::d
C is a ____________________ language
a) Platform independent programming
b) Platform dependent programming
c) Object oriented programming
ans::b
main()
{
int i=3;
switch(i)
{
default: printf("default");
case 1: printf("case 1");
break;
}
ans::default case1 case2
#define FIRST 1
#define SECOND FIRST+FIRST
main()
{
printf("%d",SECOND * SECOND);
}
ans::3
int b[5];
main()
{
static int a[5];
int i;
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
printf("%d %d",a[i],b[i]);
}
output::o o o o o o o o o o
which is having the more precendence
11
a) * b)+ c)== d) ans::a
45)
main()
{
char *x="girl";
int n,i;
n=strlen(x);
*x=x[n];//g will be replaced by \0
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("%s \n",x);// //irl//rl//r//
x++;
}
}
ans::
irl
rl
l
46)
int sample(int x)
{
int *y;
y=&x;
x=*y+2;
return(x);
}
void main()
{
int x=5;
printf("%d",sample(x));
}
ans::7
47)
void main()
{
int *j,*k;
int a=5,b=8;
j=&a;
k=&b;
j=j*2;
k=j/2;
printf("%d %d",*j,*k);
}
ans::error//mul n div cannot be done on pointers
12
48)
To make a pointer 'cursor'as a tail node,which line is correct

a) cursor->right==NULL
b) cursor->left==NULL
c) cursor==NULL
d) cursor->left==0
ans::a
49)
Single linked list has a lnk to the next address

a) true
b) false
ans::a
50)
int 5[x]={1,2,3,4,5};
printf("%d",2[x]);
ans::error//declaration terminated incorrectly
51)
int arr[]={1,2,3,4,5};
printf("%d %d",arr,&arr);
garbage garbage//same both array statrting address
52)
int a[3][4]={1,2,3,4, 5,6,7,8 ,9,0};

printf("%d %d",a,a[2][1]);
ans::garbage(%u sud be used) 0
53)
The argc,argv are initialised in

a) header file
b) within main
c) outside main
d) none
ans::a
54)
Queue is
i) First in first out
ii) used in expression evaluation.
a) i only
b) ii only
c) both i and ii
d) neither i nor ii
ans::a
which is correct?
a) Auto variables are local variables
b) Extern variables are global variables
c) static variables are global variables
d) registers are local variables
ans::b
55)
13
56)
57)
58)
main()
{
int i=5;
int *p;
p=&5;
printf("%d %d",i,*p);
}
ans::error//must take an adress of a variable
int foo(int a,float b)
{
float c;
c=(float)a+b;
printf("%c",c);
}
main()
{
?????
foo(8,12.5);
}
which line is replaced for ?????? to get the ouput of 20.5
ans::nuthing//not reqd %f sud be used tats it
main()
{
float v;
v=10/4.0;
printf("%f",v);
}
ans::2.5000000
59)
60)
In a doubly linked list, p1 and p2 are the 2 nodes and node nd is inserted as
nd->next=NULL
nd->prev=p1->next
ans::watever the question nd is last node till data provided
void main()
{
int i=12,j,*p;
p=&i;
j=++*p+8;
printf("%d",j);
}
ans::21
1.int a=123.12;
14
int b=-123.12;
int c=a+b;
printf("%2f",c);
a) 0.00
b) 123.12
c) 246.24
d) None of these
ans::none of these abnormal floating point
2. struct emp
{
int a;
char *name;
};
main()
{
struct emp *e;
printf("%d",sizeof(e));
}
ans::2
3. which is the best thing for linked list than arrays?
i) Insertion
ii) Deletion
iii) Traversal
a) (i) only
b) (i),(ii) only
c) ii,iii only
d) iii only
ans::b
4. consider the character array of size 10.When a string is more than 10
a) Error
b) Overwrites
c) Nothing
d) garbage value
ans::error/too many intializers
ans::a
5. main()
{
char *str;
char *fun();
15
str=fun();
printf("%s",str);
}
char * fun()
{
char *buffer;
strcpy(buffer,"Hello world");
return buffer;
}
ans::runtime error //as buffer is lost when it goes out of a function bettet to use static char
*buffer
or malloc to allocate memory for buffer.
a) hello world
b) Compiler error
c) Runtime error
ans::c
6. main()
{
char *str;
char *fun();
str=fun();
printf("%s",str);
}
char * fun()
{
char *buffer;
buffer=(char *) malloc(sizeof(char));
return buffer;
}
a) hello world
b) Compiler error
c) Runtime error
ans::a
7) what is the prefix expression for the given Infix expression A+B*C/D
ans::+a/*bcd
8) int a;
a=65535;
16
printf("%d",a);
a) 0
b) Garbage
c) 65535
d) -32768
output::garbage
ans::to be precise will be -1//key here if no>+32767 then o/p is -(65536-number) and if
no<-32768 then
no=(65536+(-no));
9) main()
{
char p=65;
printf("%c",p);
}
a) 65 b) p c) error d) none of the above
ans::none of the above//aoutput capital "A"
10) In a function call, _____________ is passed as arguments.
a) variables
b) constants
c) Expressions
d) All the above
all the above
11) The value of EOF is 26__-1_______.
ascII=26
12) () is used for __________
a) function body
b) Arguments
c) Return type
d) Declaration of function
ans::b
13) How does the string ends?
a) /n
b) /t
c) /0
d) none
ans::none...\\it terminated by'\0'not/0 ok
14) The range of Unsigned integer is
a) 127 to -128
b) 0 to 65535
c) Depend up on the compiler
17
d) -32768 to 32767
ans::c
15) which one of the following is a illegal real constants
a) 32.535
b) -1.5E25 to 3.5E65
c) "53682"
d) -6.583
ans::"53682"
16) main()
{
int i,a[5];
a[1]=5;
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
printf("%d",a[i]);
a++;
}
a) 0 0 0 0 0
b) Garbage value
c) 0 5 0 0 0
d) Compiler error
ans::d
17) The size of int is 2 bytes,then what is the size of short int?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 4
d) 8
ans::b
18) In a queue,what condition applies
a) First In First Out
b) Last in first out
c) Elements are inserted and deleted at one end
d) Elements can be inserted and deleted in different ends
ans::a
19) which of the following statements are true in the case of doubly linked list
i) Every node is connected to other node
ii) We can traverse in both the directions
a) i) only
b)ii) only
c) Both i and ii
d) neither i nor ii
18
ans::c
20) main()
{
char str[]="Wipro Infotech";
char *s;
s=&str[13]-13;
while(*s)
printf("%c",*s++);
}
ans::wipro infotech
21) char *a="Malayalam";
char *s;
Char *str;
str=a;
s=str+8;
for(;s>=str;s--)
printf("%c",*s);
a) Malayalam
b) malayalaM
c) error
ans::b
22) struct main
{
int a;
int b;
struct main *e1;
};
printf("%d %d",sizeof(e1),sizeof(*e1));
ans::2 6
23) #define wipro Hai
void main()
{
printf("wipro");
}
ans::wipro
24) Is allocating a block of memory effectively the same as defining an array?
a) True
b) false
ans::false
25) the size of a node of a doubly linked list is always greater than the single linked list
19
a) True
b) false
ans::true
26) Queue is used for
i) Expression Evaluation
ii) Scheluding the job in First come First serve
a) i) only
b) ii only
c) both i & ii
d) neither i nor ii
ans::b
27) what should be replace ????? in the program to get the output 25?
?????
void main()
{
int x=2,y=3,j;
j=SQRT(x+y);
printf("%d",j);
}
a) #define SQRT(int) (int * int)
b) #define SQRT(int) (int) * (int)
c) #define SQRT(int) (int + int)
d) #define SQRT(int) (int) + (int)
ans::b
28) void fun()
{
static char p[]="Hello";
return p;
}
main()
{
printf("%s",fun());
}
what will be the output?
a) Compiler Error b) Hello c) Garbage value d) None
ans::a
29) void main()
{
int *p;
20
p=(int *)malloc(sizeof(int));
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
printf("%d ",p[i]);
}
What is the output?
ans::garbage
if calloc is used o/p is 00000
30) main()
{
int i,j;
for(i=1,j=10;i<j;i++,j--);
printf("%d %d",i,j);
}
ans::1 10,2 9,3 8,4 7,5 6
31) Which of these will pass the address of the pointer *ptr to the function demofun()?
a) demofun(ptr) b) demofun(&ptr)
c) demofun(*ptr) d) demofun(*&*ptr);
ans::b
32) which is not a valid expression
a) x!=y b) x! c) !x d) x!y
ans::x! and x!y
33) If max=10,rear=max,front=0,then what will be my queue?
a) Queue Empty
b) Queue Full
c) Queue has one element
d) Queue has max-1 elements
ans::c or b??
34) which is an indefinite loop?
a) do while(0);
b) for(;0;);
c) while(1);
d) while(0);
ans::c
35) int *ptr;
ptr=(int *)malloc(10*sizeof(int));
which is correct?
i) All Values are intialised to garbage values
ii) Creates memory for 10 integer data
a) i only
21
b) ii only
c) both i and ii
d) neither i nor ii
ans::c
36) int *ptr;
ptr=(int *)calloc(10*sizeof(int));
which is correct?
i) All Values are intialised to zero
a) i only
b) ii only
c) both i and ii
d) neither i nor ii
ans::b
37) Struct queue
{
int rear;
int front;
int a[100];
}
struct queue *q;
then how will you add a new element called 'item' in the queue?
a) q->rear[a]=item;
b) q->a[q->rear]=item;
c) q->a[rear]=item;
d) q->rear[q->a]=item;
ans::b
38) In which of the following we can sort the data without moving the data
a) Array
b) Single Linked list
c) Doubly linked list
d) Binary search trees
ans::d
39)
Char d=128;
printf("%c",d);
a)128
b)-128
22
c)error
d)Garbage values
ans::d
40) In the following definition
struct node *ptr;
ptr=(struct node *)calloc(sizeof(ptr));
a) ptr is allocated 4 bytes
b) ptr will be allocated sizeof struct node
c) Error
d) ptr will have 8 bytes
ans::a
41) In a doubly linked list ,if the first node is first and the last node is end,
traverse(struct node*end)
{
while(end!=NULL)
traverse(end->prev);
printf("%d",end->data);
}
if the input is 1,2,3,4,5 then the output will be
a) 1,2,3,4,5
b) 5,4,3,2,1
c) compilation error
d) none
ans::b
42) void main()
{
int b=20;
printf("%d"*&b++);
}
a) 21 b)20 c) error d) Garbage value
ans::c//must take an adress of memory location
*&b will work
43) how will you refer the last node in the doubly linked list which is pointed by the
pointer
variable 'cursor'?
a)cursor==NULL
b)cursor->link=NULL
c)Cursor->link=0
d)cursor->data=NULL
23
ans::b
44) how will you refer the previous node of the pointer 'cursor' in the doubly linked list
(cursor is not in the first or in the last)?
a)cursor->link++
b)cursor=cursor->left
c) Cursor++
d) cursor->left++
ans::b
1)Consider the following structure

struct node
{
int info;
struct node *link;
};
Suppose ptr is a pointer which is not pointing to the first or
the last node.Then if we are going to delete a node after ptr,
then the code will be
a) ptr=ptr->link;
b) ptr->link=ptr;
c) ptr->link=ptr->link->link;
d) ptr=ptr->link->link;
ans::c
2) Consider the following structure

struct node
{
int info;
struct node *link;
};
Suppose start is a pointer pointing to the first node of the linked list.
24
s1 and ptr are the two pointers(they are not pointing to the first or
last node).Then if we are going to execute the following code,
i) start->link=s1;
ii) s1->link=ptr;
iii) ptr->link=start;
then the list is
a) It is having only 3 nodes with start,s1,ptr in the list,having start as the first node
b) It is a circular linked list
c) It is a doubly linked list
ans::b
3) In a queue, if rear=front then what will be the queue
a) Queue is empty
b) Queue is full
c) Queue has only one element
ans::c
4) In a queue,if rear=0,front=0 then what will be the queue
a) Queue is empty
b) Queue is full
ans::c
5) 4) In a queue,if rear=0,front=1 then what will be the queue
a) Queue is empty
b) Queue is full
d) Queue is circular
ans::d
6) In a queue,if rear=-1,front=-1 then what will be the queue
a) Queue is empty
b) Queue is full
ans::a
7) In a queue,if rear=max-1,front=0 then what will be the queue
a) Queue is empty
b) Queue is full
25
ans::b
8) The postfix expression is ab+c*d/e-.The values of a,b,c,d,e are 2,4,5,2,1
respectively. Then the output is
a) 14
b) 11
c) 20
d) 15
ans::a
9) The infix expression is a+b*(c-d)/(e+f)*h then my postfix expression is
a) ab+cd-*ef+h*/
b) abcd-ef+*/h*
c) abcd-*ef+/h*+
d) abcdef+-*/h*+
ans::c
10) In the stack,if top=0 then the stack is
a) stack is empty
b) stack is full
c) stack has only one element
ans::c
11) Conside the structure
struct node
{
int info;
Struct node *left;
struct node *right;
};
We have 10 elements in the list.If the following executes what will be the output?
for(ptr=start;ptr;ptr=ptr->right)
{
if(ptr->data%2==0)
printf("%d",ptr->data);
}
a) Only even numbers are printed
b) Only odd numbers are printed
c) Compiler error
d) Only garbage values
ans::c /well if ptr is defined then even no are printed
26
12) Struct node
{
int data;
};
Suppose nd is a node which is not in the beginning and also not in the end.
How will you delete a node after nd?
a) nd->right=nd->right->left;nd->right->left=nd->left->right;
b) nd->right=nd->right->right;nd->right->left=nd;
c) nd->right=nd->right->left;nd->right->left=nd->right;
d) nd->right=nd->left->right;nd->left->right=nd;
ans::b
13) Struct node
{
int data;
};
Suppose nd is a node which is not in the beginning and also not in the end.
How will you delete a node before nd?
a) nd->left=nd->right->left;nd->right->left=nd->left->right;
b) nd->left=nd->right->right;nd->left->right=nd->right;
c) nd->left=nd->left->left;nd->left->right=nd;
d) nd->left=nd->left->right;nd->left->right=nd;
ans::c
14) Struct node
{
int data;
};
Suppose ptr is a node which is not in the beginning and also not in the end.
How will you delete a node ptr?
a) ptr->left->right=ptr->right;ptr->right->left=ptr->left;free(ptr);
b) ptr->left->right=ptr->right->right;ptr->left->right=ptr->right;free(ptr);
c) ptr->left->right=ptr->left->left;ptr->left->right=ptr;free(ptr);
d) ptr->left->right=ptr->left;ptr->left->right=ptr->left;free(ptr);
27
ans::a
15) Struct node
{
int data;
};
Suppose ptr is a node which is not in the beginning and also not in the end.
nd is the new node.
Here is the coding:
i) nd->right->left=nd;
ii) nd->left=ptr;
iii) nd->left->right=nd;
iv) nd->right=ptr->right;
Then what sequence does it follows for inserting nd after ptr?
a) i,ii,iii,iv
b) ii,iv,i,iii
c)iv,iii,ii,i
d) ii,iii,i,iv
ans::b
16) In the Given Infix expression which is the root node for ur expression tree
(A+B)-(C*D)+G/H*I
a) +
b) c) *
d) /
ans::a
17) Consider a binary search tree
insert(10,root);
insert(25,root);
insert(5,root);
insert(8,root);
insert(13,root);
insert(45,root);
insert(70,root);
28
insert(32,root);
delete(13,root);
insert(66,root);
insert(13,root);
insert(36,root);
What will be the preorder traversal is
a) 5,8,10,13,25,32,36,45,66,70
b) 10,5,8,25,13,45,32,36,70,66
c) 10,8,5,13,32,45,36,66,32,70
d) 8,5,32,36,10,66,45,70,25,13
ans::b
18) The postoder traversal is 7,14,3,55,22,5,17 Then ur Inorder traversal is
a) 3,5,7,14,17,22,55
b) 14,55,5,7,22,17,3
c) 3,5,14,7,22,17,55
d) 55,22,17,14,7,5,3
ans::a
19) The preorder traversal is 5,3,66,30,77,70 .What will be the root node
a) 5
b) 66
c)70
d)30
ans::5
20) which one of the following is true for the binary tree
i) root is greater than the left sub tree and lesser than the right sub tree
ii) root is lesser than the left sub tree and greater than the right sub tree
ans::i
a) only i
b) only ii
c) both i and ii
d) neither i nor ii
ans::a
1) void main()
{
int i=0;
29
while(i==0)
{ }
printf("%d",i);
}
ans::infinite loop
2)
void main()
{
int i=1;
while(++i==1)
{ }
printf("%d",i);
}
ans::2
3)
char s[]={'a','b','c','\0'};
printf("%s",s);
ans::abc
4)
int arr[3][3]={2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10};
for(i=0;i<=2;i++)
for(j=0;j<=2;++j)
ans::2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
5)
int b=20;
printf("%d",++*&b);
ans::21
6)

a) do..while
b) for
c) while
d) else if
ans::d
7)

a) ~
b) ^
c) %
d) ::
ans::d
8)
a) "A"
30
b) '*'
c) '+'
d) 'h'
ans::a
9)
struct student
{
int i;
char c[10];
struct student *s;
};
stu=&stud;
ans::14
10)
insert(root,2);
insert(root,1);
insert(root,3);
insert(root,4);
insert(root,5);
What is the inorder for the above tree?
ans::1 2 3 4 5
11)
insert(root,2);
insert(root,1);
insert(root,3);
insert(root,4);
insert(root,5);
What is the preorder for the above tree?
ans::2 1 3 4 5
12)
The prefix expression is ab+c*d/e-.If the values of a,b,c,d,e are 5,2,3,3,1

respectively,then what will be the output?
13)
What is the order in which the preorder is evaluated?

i) root node
ii) left node
iii) right node
a) i,ii,iii
b) ii,iii,i
c) iii,ii,i
d) ii,i,iii
14)
which operations are more effective in linked list than arrays?
31
i) insertion
ii) deletion
iii) traversal
a)i,ii only
b)iii only
c) all the above
d) i,iii only
15)

void main()
{
int i=12;
int *q;
q=&i;
*q=*q-8;
printf("%d",i);
}
16)

17)
void main()
{
int (*ptr[3])();
ptr[0]=aaa;
ptr[1]=bbb;
ptr[2]=ccc;
}
18)

a) true
b) false
19)
int i=1;
switch(i*2)
32
{
case 1:
printf("case1");
break;
case 2:
printf("case 2");
default:
printf("default");
break;
}
b) case2
c) case2 default
d) compiler error
20)
struct node
{
int info;
};
b) nd->left = NULL;
c) nd = NuLL;
21)
struct a
{
char *i;
char *j;
};
struct b
{
struct a x;
int i;
}*y;
22)
#define t printf
void main()
{
int i=10;
33
t("%d",i);
}
23)
int a[3][4]={1,2,3,4,5};
printf("%d",a[0][4]);
24)

c) Arrays
25)
#define HELLO hai

void main()
{
printf("HELLO");
}
26)

a) true
b) false
27)
void fun()
{
?????
x++;
printf("%d",x);
}
int x;
void main()
{
x=7;
printf("%d",x);
x++;
printf("%d",x);
fun();
}
a) extern int x;
b) auto int x;
c) static int x;
d) register int x;
34
28)
if rear=-1,front=-1 then what will be my queue?

a) Queue is empty
b) Queue is full
D) Queue has max-1 element
29)
void main()
{
int i;
for(i=1;i<=5;i++)
{}
printf("%d",i);
}
30)

a) i only
b)ii only
c) both i and ii
d) neither i nor ii
31)

a) i only
b)ii only
c) both i and ii
d) neither i nor ii

int i=1;
while(i<3)
{
switch(i)
{
case 1:
printf ("Case 1");
break;
case 2:
printf ("case 2");
break;
35
default:
printf ("Default");
}
i++:
}
33) If rear=0 front=0 what is queue?
34) if rear=max, front=0, what is queue?
35) for (i=1; i=2; i++)
{
printf ("HAI");
}
36)
Consider a linked list where ptr is a pointer which is not pointing to the
first node and not to the last node.If there is another node called "new" which
is like new->next=NULL,then what is the scenario?
a) It is the first node
b) It is the last node
c) It is in the middle
d) none of these
37)
a) zero
b) garbage
c) none of these
38)
struct emp
{
int a=20;
};
void main()
{
struct emp oemp;
}
39)

a) Variables
b) Keywords
36
c) Constants
d) All the above
40)
C is a ____________________ language
41)
main()
{
int i=3;
switch(i);
{
break;
}
42)
#define FIRST 1
main()
{
}
43)
int b[5];
main()
{
static int a[5];
int i;
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
}
44)

a) * b)+ c)== d) -
45)
main()
{
char *x="girl";
int n;
n=strlen(x);
37
*x=x[n];
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("%s \n",x);
x++;
}
}
46)
int sample(int x)
{
int *y;
y=&x;
x=*y+2;
return(x);
}
void main()
{
int x=5;
}
47)
void main()
{
int *j,*k;
int a=5,b=8;
j=&a;
k=&b;
j=j*2;
k=j/2;
}
48)

c) cursor==NULL
d) cursor->left==0
49)
38
a) true
b) false
50)
int 5[x]={1,2,3,4,5};
printf("%d",2[x]);
error
51)
int arr[]={1,2,3,4,5};
52)
int a[3][4]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0};
printf("%d %d",a,a[2][1]);
53)

a) header file
b) within main
c) outside main
d) none
ans::
54)
Queue is
a) i only
b) ii only
c) both i and ii
d) neither i nor ii
55)
which is correct?
56)
main()
{
int i=5;
int *p;
p=&5;
}
39
57)

{
float c;
c=(float)a+b;
printf("%c",c);
}
main()
{
?????
foo(8,12.5);
}
58)
main()
{
float v;
v=10/4.0;
printf("%f",v);
}
ans::2.500000
59)
nd->next=NULL
nd->prev=p1->next
60)
void main()
{
int i=12,j,*p;
p=&i;
j=++*p+8;
printf("%d",j);
}
ans::21
1) void main()
{
int i=0;
while(i==0)
{ }
printf("%d",i);
}
40
output::infinet loop
2)
void main()
{
int i=1;
while(++i==1)
{}
printf("%d",i);
}
3)
char s[]={'a','b','c','\0'};
printf("%s",s);
4)
int arr[3][3]={2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10};
for(i=0;i<=2;i++)
for(j=0;j<=2;++j)
5)
int b=20;
printf("%d",++*&b);
6)

a) do..while
b) for
c) while
d) else if
7)

a) ~
b) ^
c) %
d) ::
8)

a) "A"
b) '*'
c) '+'
d) 'h'
41
9)
struct student
{
int i;
char c[10];
struct student *s;
};
stu=&stud;
10)
insert(root,2);
insert(root,1);
insert(root,3);
insert(root,4);
insert(root,5);
What is the inorder for the above tree?
11)
insert(root,2);
insert(root,1);
insert(root,3);
insert(root,4);
insert(root,5);
What is the preorder for the above tree?
12)
The prefix expression is ab+c*d/e-.If the values of a,b,c,d,e are 5,2,3,3,1

respectively,then what will be the output?
13)
What is the order in which the preorder is evaluated?

i) root node
ii) left node
iii) right node
a) i,ii,iii
b) ii,iii,i
c) iii,ii,i
d) ii,i,iii
14)
which operations are more effective in linked list than arrays?

i) insertion
ii) deletion
iii) traversal
42
a)i,ii only
b)iii only
c) all the above
d) i,iii only
15)

void main()
{
int i=12;
int *q;
q=&i;
*q=*q-8;
printf("%d",i);
}
16)

17)
void main()
{
int (*ptr[3])();
ptr[0]=aaa;
ptr[1]=bbb;
ptr[2]=ccc;
}
18)

a) true
b) false
19)
int i=1;
switch(i*2)
{
case 1:
printf("case1");
break;
43
case 2:
printf("case 2");
default:
printf("default");
break;
}
b) case2
c) case2 default
d) compiler error
20)
struct node
{
int info;
};
b) nd->left = NULL;
c) nd = NuLL;
21)
struct a
{
char *i;
char *j;
};
struct b
{
struct a x;
int i;
}*y;
22)
#define t printf
void main()
{
int i=10;
t("%d",i);
}
44
23)
int a[3][4]={1,2,3,4,5};
printf("%d",a[0][4]);
24)

c) Arrays
25)
#define HELLO hai

void main()
{
printf("HELLO");
}
26)

a) true
b) false
27)
void fun()
{
?????
x++;
printf("%d",x);
}
int x;
void main()
{
x=7;
printf("%d",x);
x++;
printf("%d",x);
fun();
}
a) extern int x;
b) auto int x;
c) static int x;
d) register int x;
28)
if rear=-1,front=-1 then what will be my queue?

a) Queue is empty
b) Queue is full
45
D) Queue has max-1 element
29)
void main()
{
int i;
for(i=1;i<=5;i++)
{}
printf("%d",i);
}
30)

a) i only
b)ii only
c) both i and ii
d) neither i nor ii
31)

a) i only
b)ii only
c) both i and ii
d) neither i nor ii

int i=1;
while(i<3)
{
switch(i)
{
case 1:
printf ("Case 1");
break;
case 2:
printf ("case 2");
break;
default:
printf ("Default");
}
i++:
46
}
33) If rear=0 front=0 what is queue?
34) if rear=max, front=0, what is queue?
35) for (i=1; i=2; i++)
{
printf ("HAI");
}
36)
Consider a linked list where ptr is a pointer which is not pointing to the
first node and not to the last node.If there is another node called "new" which
is like new->next=NULL,then what is the scenario?
a) It is the first node
b) It is the last node
c) It is in the middle
d) none of these
37)
a) zero
b) garbage
c) none of these
38)
struct emp
{
int a=20;
};
void main()
{
struct emp oemp;
}
39)

a) Variables
b) Keywords
c) Constants
d) All the above
47
40)
C is a ____________________ language
41)
main()
{
int i=3;
switch(i);
{
break;
}
42)
#define FIRST 1
main()
{
}
43)
int b[5];
main()
{
static int a[5];
int i;
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
}
44)

a) * b)+ c)== d) -
45)
main()
{
char *x="girl";
int n;
n=strlen(x);
*x=x[n];
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("%s \n",x);
48
x++;
}
}
46)
int sample(int x)
{
int *y;
y=&x;
x=*y+2;
return(x);
}
void main()
{
int x=5;
}
47)
void main()
{
int *j,*k;
int a=5,b=8;
j=&a;
k=&b;
j=j*2;
k=j/2;
}
48)

c) cursor==NULL
d) cursor->left==0
49)

a) true
b) false
49
50)
int 5[x]={1,2,3,4,5};
printf("%d",2[x]);
51)
int arr[]={1,2,3,4,5};
52)
int a[3][4]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0};
printf("%d %d",a,a[2][1]);
53)

a) header file
b) within main
c) outside main
d) none
54)
Queue is
a) i only
b) ii only
c) both i and ii
d) neither i nor ii
55)
which is correct?
56)
main()
{
int i=5;
int *p;
p=&5;
}
57)

{
float c;
c=(float)a+b;
printf("%c",c);
50
}
main()
{
?????
foo(8,12.5);
}
58)
main()
{
float v;
v=10/4.0;
printf("%f",v);
}
59)
nd->next=NULL
nd->prev=p1->next
60)
void main()
{
int i=12,j,*p;
p=&i;
j=++*p+8;
printf("%d",j);
}
1. What is the output of the following:

unsigned i=32768;
void main()
{
printf("%d",i);
}
a. 32768
Ans::b
2. int i;
void main()
b. -32768
c. Error
d. None of the above
51
{
static int i=3;
printf("%d",i);
}
a.
b.
c.
d.
3
Multiple declaration (since I is static)
0
None of the above
Ans::3
main()
{
void change(char *);
char *t="test";
change(t);
printf("%s",t);
}
void change(char *t)
{
char *ab="new test";
*t=*ab;
}
a. new test
b. test
c. nest
4.
What would be printed:
#include<stdio.h>
int i=0;
void main()
{
while(i)
{
switch(i)
{
case 3<2:printf("Hi");
break;
case 3>2:printf("Hello"); break;
default:
printf("welcome");
52
}
++i;
}
}
a. Hi
Ans::c
b. Welcome
c. No output
d. Error
53
# include<stdio.h>
int get();
void main()
{
int x=20;
x=get();
printf("%d ",x);
}
int get()
{
return(60);
}
a. 60
b. Garbage
c. Error
d. 20
5.
swap(int *a,int *b)
{
int *t;
t=a;
a=b;
b=t;
}
void main()
{
int a=10,b=20;
swap(&a,&b);
printf(%d %d,a,b);
}
a. 10 20
Ans::a
b. 20 10
c. Error
d. Garbage value
7.
main()
{
char *p="hai friends",*p1;
p1=p;
while(*p!='\0')
++*++p;
printf("%s %s",p,p1);
}
a. ibj!gsjfoet
ans::d
b. hbj!gsjfoet
c. hbj!gsjfoet hbj!gsjfoet
d. None
54
8. main()
{
char a[100]={abcdef};
a++;
printf(%s,&a[1]);
}
a) bcdef
b) abcdef
c)compilation error
9. When fopen() fails to open a file it returns _______

a. NULL
b. -1
c. 1
55
10. int i=5;
fun( )
{
printf("%d\n", i * 3);
}
main( )
{
int i= 2;
{
int i = 3;
printf(" %d", i);
fun();
}
}
a. 3, 15
b. 3, 6
c. 3
d. 0
11. main()
{
static int i=3;
printf("%d",i--);
return i>0?main():0;
}
a. 3 2 1 0
b. 3 2 1
c. 2 1 0
d. 2 1
12. P is a character pointer variable then, what will be the output of the following
statement.
printf("%d %d",sizeof(p),sizeof(*p));
a. 1 2
b. 2 1
c. 2 2
d. 1 1
13. void main()

{
char *s[]={"dharma","hewlet-packard","siemens","ibm"};
char **p;
p=s;
printf("%s",++*p);
printf("\n%s",*p++);
printf("\n%s",++*p);
}
a. dharma
harma
ewlet-packard
b. harma
hewlet-packard
56
siemens
c. harma
harma
hewlet-packard
d. harma
harma
ewlet-packard
57
14. void main()
{
char *ptr="Ramco Systems";
(*ptr)++;
printf("%s\n",ptr);
ptr++;
printf("%s",ptr);
}
a. Samco Systems Samco Systems
c. amco Systems amco Systems
b. Samco Systems amco Systems

d. amco Systems mco Systems
15. #include <stdio.h>

main()
{
switch (5)
{
case 5: printf(" 5 ");
default: printf(" 10 ");
}
}
A. 5
B. 5 10 6
C. 5 10
D. 5 6
16. Which of the following is not a storage class in C?

A. Stack
B. Register
C. Extern
D. Static
17. Which of the following function does not return an integer value?
A. printf
B. scanf
C. strcpy
18. int i=5;

int abc(int z)
{
return i/2;
}
main()
{
int i=4;
printf("%d",abc(i=i/4));
}
a) error
b) 5
c) 2
d) 0
D. strlen
58
19. What will be the output of the following program :
int main()
{
int val=5;
val=printf("C") + printf("Skills");
printf("%d",val);
return(0);
}
(a) 7
(b) C7
(c) Compile-Time Error
(d) CSkills7
59
20. #include<stdio.h>
main()
{
struct xx
{
int x=3;
char name[]="hello";
};
struct xx *s;
printf("%d",s->x);
printf("%s",s->name);
}
a. 3 hello b. Compiler Error
c. Run time error d. use dot (.) operator
21. int swap(int *a,int *b)

{
*a=*a+*b;*b=*a-*b;*a=*a-*b;
}
main()
{
int x=10,y=20;
swap(&x,&y);
printf("x= %d y = %d\n",x,y);
}
a. 20 10
b. 10 20
c. 20 20
d. 10 10
22. main()
{
char *p = ayqm;
char c;
c = ++*p++;
printf(%c,c);
}
a) a
b) b
c) y
23. main()
{
float i=1.5;
switch(i)
{
case 1: printf("1");
case 1.5: printf("2");
default : printf("0");
}
d) z
60
}
a. 0
b. 0 1 2
c. 1 2 0
d. Compiler Error
e. 2 0
24. If the CPU fails to keep the variables in CPU registers, in that case the variables are
assumed
a) static
b) external
c) global
d) auto
25. The EOF is equivalent to

a. -1
b. 1
c. 0
26. In a queue, if rear=max-1, front=0 then what will be the queue

a) Queue is empty
b) Queue is full
27. The postfix expression is ab-cd+*ef/-.The values of a, b, c, d, e,f are
4, 2, 5, 2, 6, 3 respectively. Then the output is
a) -6
b) 12
c) 20
d) None
28. In the stack, if top=0 then the stack is

a) Stack is empty b) Stack is full c) Stack has only one element
d) None
29. struct node

{
int data;
};
nd is a node which is not in the beginning and also not in the end.
How will you remove a node after nd from the list?
30. In the Given Infix expression which is the root node for your expression tree
(A+B)-(C*D)+G/H*I
a) +
b) -
c) *
d) /
31. Consider the following structure
61
struct node
{
int info;
struct node *link;
};
Suppose ptr is a pointer which is not pointing to the first also not to the last node.
Then if you remove a node after ptr from the list, then the code will be
a) ptr=ptr->link;
b) ptr->link=ptr;
62
32. What does below code do, if temp is pointing to a node other than first and last node
temp -> prev ->next = temp ->next;
temp ->next -> prev = temp -> prev;
free(temp);
a)
b)
c)
d)
no effect
inserts a node
deletes a node
shuffling of pointers
33. What is the Infix expression for
-+A/*BCD/*EFG
a) A + B * C / D E / F * G
b) A + B / C * D E * F / G
c) A + B * C / D E * F / G
d) A - B * C / D + E * F / G
34. What is the postfix expression for A + B * C / D E * F / G
a) ABC*D/+EFG*/b) ABC*D/+EF*G/c) ABCD/*+EF*G/d) None of these.
35. A binary tree with 15 nodes have _____ null branches
a) 15
b) 14
c) 16
d) 17
1. union u
{
Int a;
Char ch[2];
}u1;
U1.a=5;
U1.ch[0]=4 ; u1.ch[1]=2;
Printf(%d,a);
}
(a) 5 (b) 42 ( c) 1028 (d) 24
36.
Here is an infix expression: 6+2*(1*5-9). Suppose that we are
using
the usual stack algorithm to convert the expression from infix to postfix notation. What is
the maximum number of symbols that will appear on the stack AT ONE TIME during the
conversion of this expression?
a.
1
63
b.
c.
d.
2
3
4
e. 5
39.Suppose that p is a pointer variable that contains the NULL pointer. What happens if
your program tries to read or write *p?
a.
b.
c.
d.
A syntax error always occurs at compilation time.

A run-time error always occurs when the program finishes.
The results are unpredictable.
A run-time error always occurs when *p is evaluated
d.
What kind of list is best to access the item at given position n?"
Doubly-linked lists.
Lists implemented with an array.
Singly-linked lists.
Doubly-linked or singly-linked lists are equally best
d.
Which of the following applications may use a stack?

A parentheses balancing program.
Evolution of postfix expression.
Syntax analyzer for a compiler.
All of the above.
45.
a.
b.
c.
50.
a.
b.
c.
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
union a
{
int i;
char ch[2];
};
union a u;
u.ch[0]= 3;
u.ch[1]= 2;
printf("%d %d %d",u.ch[0],u.ch[1],u.i);
}
a) 3 2 515
b)515 2 3
c) 3 2 5 d) none of these
main()
{
64
struct student
{
char name[30];
struct date dob;
}stud;
struct date
{
int day,month,year;
};
scanf("%s%d%d%d", stud.rollno, &student.dob.day, &student.dob.month,
&student.dob.year);
}
a) It scans perfectly with error
compilation Error
b) scanf format is incorrect c) No Error d)
In printf(),the appearance of the output of the output can be affected by

1) field with
3) flag
2) conversion character
4) all of the above
Any of the following programs in c has access to three standard files:

1) standard input file, standard output file, standard error file
2) stdin,stdout, stderr
3) keyboard,screen,screen
4) all the above
Heap
1) is a region from where memory is allocated
2) lies between you program and the stack
3) is a finite area
4) all of the above
Function definition void check(int i ,char*j) is
1) call by value
2)call by reference
3) both (1) and (2)
4)in valid function definition
Masking is used
65
1)
to copy a portion of a given bit pattern to a new variable,
while the remainder of the new variable is filled with 0s(using the
bitwise AND)
2)
to copy a portion of a given bit pattern to a new variable,
while the reminder of the new variable is filled with 1s (using the bitwise OR)
3) to copy a portion of a given bit pattern to a new variable, while the remainder of the
original bit pattern is inverted within the new variable
4) all of the above
A fields width specifier in a printf() function
1) specifies the maximum value of a number
2) controls the size of type used to print numbers
3) controls the merging of the program listing
4) specifies how many characters positions will be used for a number
The global variables by default belong to

1) the register type
3) the auto type
2) the static type

4) the dynamic type
What will be the output of the following program :

void main()
{
unsigned x=0xf880,y=5,z;
z=x<<y;
printf("%#x %#x",z,x>>y-1);
}
(a)1000 f87
(b)8800 0xf88
(d)0x1000 0xf88
Ans. (d)
int num[26],temp;
num[0]=100;
num[25]=200;
temp=num[25];
num[25]=num[0];
num[0]=temp;
printf("\n%d %d",num[0],num[25]);
(c)1000 f88
66
o/p: 200 100

2.
int array[26],i;
for(i=0;i<=25;i++)
{
array[i]='A'+i;
printf("\n%d, %c", array[i],array[i]);
}
o/p:65=A to 97-Z
3.
int sub[50],i;
for(i=0;i<=48;i++)
{
sub[i]=i;
printf("\n%d", sub[i]);
}
o/p:0-48
4.
int a[5]={3,4,5,6,7};
printf("%d",a);
o/p: address of a
5.
int i,a[5]={3,4,5,6,7};
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
printf("\n%d",a+i);
o/p: a[i]=a+i
adresss of all ints is printed
6.
int i,a[5]={3,4,5,6,7};
printf("\n%d",a[5]);
o/p: adress of a[5] is printed
7.
int i,a[5]={3,4,5,6,7};
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
printf("\n%d",a[++i]);
o/p: 4,6,adress value
8.
int i,a[3];
a[3]=8;
printf("\n%d",a[3]);
67
o/p:8
9.
int i,a[2][2]={1,2,3,4};
for (i=0;i<2;i++)
printf("%d",a[i][i]);
o/p: 1,4
10.
int i,a[2][2]={1,2,3,4};
for (i=0;i<2;i++)
printf("%d",a[i]);
o/p: 8230 8234 ( adresss of ints)
11.
int i,a[2][2]={1,2,3,4};
for (i=0;i<2;i++)
printf("%d , %d\n",a[i]+1);
o/p:8682,8999
8686,8999
12.
int a[2][2]={1,2,3,4};
printf("%d",a);
o/p: base address of a (1st element) 8686
13.
char a[5][10]={"akshay",
"Parag",
"Chirag",
"Hemal",
"Hetal"};
printf("%s",a);
o/p: akshay
14.
"Parag",
"Chirag",
"Hemal",
"Hetal"};
printf("%s",a+2);
o/p:chirag
68
15.
"Parag",
"Chirag",
"Hemal",
"Hetal"};
printf("%s",a[+2]);
o/p:chirag
16.
"Parag",
"Chirag",
"Hemal",
"Hetal"};
printf("%c",a[2]);
o/p:chirag
17.
"Parag",
"Chirag",
"Hemal",
"Hetal"};
printf("%c",a[2][4]);
o/p:a
18.
"Parag",
"Chirag",
"Hemal",
"Hetal"};
printf("%c",a[2][7]);
o/p: (some symbol)
19.
char c[2]="A";
printf("\n%c",c[0]);
printf("\n%s",c);
o/p:A
A
20.
char s[]="Get organized ! learn C";

printf("\n%s",&s[2]);
69
printf("\n%s",s);
printf("\n%s",&s);
o/p: t organized ! learn C
Get organized ! learn C";
Get organized ! learn C";
21.
char s[]="No two viruses work similarly";

int i=0;
while (s[i]!=0)
{
printf("\n%c",s[i]);
printf("\n%c",i[s]);
i++;
}
22.
char str1[]={'H','e','l','l','o'};
char str2[]="Hello";
printf("\n%s", str1);
printf("\n%s", str2);
o/p: Hello garbage values
Hello
23.
printf(5+"Good Morning"); o/p: Morning
24.
printf("%c","abcdefgh"[4]); o/p:e
25.
printf("\n%d%d%d",sizeof('3'),sizeof("3");sizeof(3)); o/p:1 2 2
1.
#include<stdio.h>
void display();
void main()
{
printf("\n Only smarties use C?");
display();
}
void display()
{
printf("\n Brilliants too use C!");
main();
}
70
o/p: error cannot call main() from the program

2.
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
printf("\n Only smarties use C?");
main();
}
o/p: error cannot call main() from the program
3.
#include<stdio.h>
int check(int);
void main()
{
int i=45,c;
c=check(i);
printf("\n%d",c);
}
int check(int ch)
{
if(ch>=45)
return (100);
else
return (10);
}
o/p:100
4.
#include<stdio.h>
int check(int);
void main()
{
int i=45,c;
c=check(i *1000);
printf("\n%d",c);
}
int check(int ch)
{
if(ch>=40000)
return (ch/10);
71
else
return (10);
}
o/p:10
5.
int x=10;
void display();
void main()
{
int x=20;
printf("\n%d",x);
display();
}
void display()
{
printf("Inside display %d",x);
}
o/p: 20,inside display 10
6.
#include<stdio.h>
int i;
void increment();
void decrement();
void main()
{
printf("\ni=%d",i);
increment();
increment();
decrement();
decrement();
}
void increment()
{
i=i+1;
72
printf("\non incrementing i=%d",i);
}
void decrement()
{
i=i-1;
printf("\non decrementing i=%d",i);
}
o/p:1 2 1 0
7.
void fun(int,int)
void main()
{
int i=5,j=2;
fun(i,j);
printf("\n%d%d",i,j);
}
void fun(int i,int j)
{
i=i*i;
j=j*j;
}
o/p:5,2 (call by value ex:)
8.
void fun(int *,int *);

void main()
{
int i=5,j=2;
fun(&i,&j);
}
void fun(int *i,int *j)
{
*i=*i * *i;
*j=*j * *j;
}
o/p: 25 4(call by reference)
9.
void fun(int *x,int y)

{
int i=4,j=2;
fun(&i,j);
73
}
void fun(int *i,int j)
{
*i=*i * *i;
j=j*j;
}
10.
void fun(void *);

int i;
void main()
{
void *vptr;
vptr=&i;
fun(vptr);
}
void fun(void *p)
{
int **q;
q=(int **)&p;
printf("%d",**q);
}
o/p:0
30. float x=1.1;

while(x==1.1)
{
printf("\n%f",x);
x=x-0.1;
}
o/p: no output
31. int x=3,y=0,z;
while (x>=0)
{
x--;
y++;
if(x==y)
continue;
else
printf("\n%d%d",x,y);
}
74
o/p: 2 1
12
03
-1 4
32. int x=4,y=0,z;
while(x>=0)
{
if(x==y)
break;
else
printf("\n%d%d",x,y);
x--;
y++;
}
o/p:4 0
31
33. int i=0;
for(i=1;i<=5;printf("\n%d",i));
i++;
o/p: infinite 1s
34. int i;
for(;i;)
printf("\n Here is some mail for you");
35. int i=1, j=1;
for(;;)
{
if(i>5)
break;
else
j+=i;
printf("\n%d",j);
i+=j;
}
o/p:2 5
36. char suite=3;
switch(suite)
{
75
case 1:
printf("\n Diamond");
case 2:
printf("\n Spade");
default:
printf("\n Heart");
}
o/p:Heart
37. int c=3;
switch(c)
{
case '3':
printf("You never win the silver prize");
break;
case 3:
printf("You always lose the gold prize");
break;
default:
printf("Ofcourse provided you win a prize");
}
o/p: You always lose the gold prize
38. int i=3;
switch(i)
{
case 0:
printf("\nCustomers are dicey");
case 1+0:
printf("\nMarkets are pricey");
case 4/2:
printf("\nInvestors are moody");
case 8%5:
printf("\nAtleast employees are good");
}
o/p: Atleast employees are good
39. int k;
float j=2.0;
switch(k=j+1)
76
{
case 3:
printf("\n Trapped");
break;
default:
printf("\n Caught");
}
o/p:Trapped
40.int ch='a'+'b';
switch(ch)
{
case 'a':
case 'b':
printf("\nYou entered b");
case 'A':
printf("\na as in ashar");
case 'b' + 'a':
printf("\n You entered a and b");
}
o/p: You entered a and b
41. int i=1;
switch(i-2)
{
case -1:
printf("\nFeeding Fish");
case 0:
printf("\n Weeding grass");
case 1:
printf("\n Mending roof");
default :
printf("\n Just to survive");
}
42.
int x=25;
printf("%d%d%d",x==25,x=50,x<78); o/p:0 50 1
43.
int x=25;
printf("%d%d%d",x==50,x=50,x<78);
77
44.
int x=50;
printf("%d%d%d",x<78,x=100,x==50);o/p:0 100 1
1.
int b[]={10,20,30,40,50};
int i;
for(i=0;i<=4;i++)
printf("\n%d",*(b+i));
o/p: 10,20,30,40,50
2.
int b[]={0,20,0,40,5};
int i,*k;
k=b;
for(i=0;i<=4;i++)
{
printf("\n%d",*k);
k++;
}
o/p: 0,20,0,40,5
3.
char s[]="No two viruses work similarly";

int i=0;
while (s[i]!=0)
{
printf("\n%c",*(s+i));
printf("\n%c",*(i+s));
i++;
}
4.
char s[]="Churchgate:no church no gate";

char t[25];
char *ss,*tt;
ss=s;
while(*ss!='\0')
*ss++=*tt++;
printf("\n%s",t);
o/p:error
78
5.
int arr[]={10,20,36,72,45,36};
int *j,*k;
j=&arr[4];
k=(arr +4);
if(j==k)
printf("The two pointers point to the same location");
else
printf("The two pointers do not point to the same location");
o/p: The two pointers point to the same location
6.
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int s[2][2]={
{2,2},
{3,3}
};
int i,j;
for(i=0;i<2;i++)
for(j=0;j<2;j++)
printf("%d\n",*(*(s+i)+j));
}
o/p:2 2 3 3
7.
void main()
{
float a=13.5;
float *b,*c;
b=&a;
c=b;
printf("\n%u %u %u",&a,b,c);
printf("\n%f %f %f %f %f",a,*(&a),*&a,*b,*c);
}
8.
int *p,a[3]={1,2,3};
79
p=a;
printf("%d",*p++);
printf("%d",*a);
printf("%d",*p);
o/p:1 1 2
9.
int *p,a;
a=20;
p=&a;
scanf("%d",p);
printf("A= %d and *P = %d",a,*p);
o/p:20 20
10.
int **q,*p,a,b=40;
a=20;
p=&a;
q=&p;
*q=&b;
printf("A= %d and *P = %d and **Q = %d",a,*p,**q);
11.
float *p;
int a;
a=30;
p=&a;
printf("A= %d and *P=%f",a,*p);
12.
float *p;
int a;
a=30;
p=&a;
printf("Address of A= %u and Value of P=%u",&a,p);
13.
float a;
int *p;
a=30.90;
p=&a;
printf("Address of A= %u and Value of P=%u",&a,p);
14.
int a[]={10,20,30,40,50};
int *p;
80
p=a;
printf("The value of *P is %d\n",*p);
p++;
printf("Now the value of *P is %d\n",*p);
15.
int a[]={10,20,30,40,50};
int *p;
p=a;
printf("The value of a[0] is %d\n",*p);
p++;
*p=300;
printf("Now the value of a[1] is %d\n",a[1]);
16.
int a[]={10,20,30,40,50};
int *p;
p=a;
p=p*2;
printf("%d",*p);
17.
void main()
{
char *str;
str="%d\n";
printf(str,300);
}
18.
void main()
{
char *str;
str="%d\n";
str++;
printf(str-1,300);
}
19.
void main()
{
char *str;
str="%4s";
printf(str,"K");
}
81
20.
void main()
{
int i,*j;
i=3;
j=&i;
printf("%d",i**j*i+*j);
}
21.
1.
#define disp printf
void main()
{
disp("Hello World");
}
2.
#define newline "\n"

void main()
{
printf("Hello newline World");
}
3.
#define pi 3.14
void main()
{
float d=pi;
printf("%f",d);
}
4.
#define pi 3.14
void main()
{
float pi=2.11;
printf("%f",pi);
}
5.
#define pi 3.14
void main()
82
{
printf("%f",pi);
scanf("%f",&pi);
printf("%f",pi);
}
6.
#define maxi(a,b) a>b?a:b

void main()
{
float x,y;
scanf("%f%f",&x,&y);
printf("%f",maxi(x,y));
}
(1) which of the following lines gives/prints the output 20
lint1:
line2:
line3:
line4:
line5:
line6:
line7:
(1) only 5
(3) only 6
void main()
{
int i=20;
int *k,**j;
j=&i;
k=&j;
printf("\n%d",i);
printf("\n%d",**k);
printf("\n%d",***&k);
}
(2)only 7
(4)all 5,6,7
ans:(4)
(2)
void main()
{
int x,y=6;
x=y+NULL;
printf("%d",x);
83
}
o/p: 6
(3)
void main()
{
static int arr[12];
printf("%d",sizeof(arr));
}
o/p: 24
(4)
void main()
{
float a[]={1.2,3.4,5.7,12.3};
int i;
for(i=0;i<=5;++i)
printf("%f ",a[i]);
}
o/p: 1.200000 3.400000 5.700000 12.300000 0.000000 0.000000
(5)A user-defined function returns a pointer (yes/No)

yes
(6)In a normal c program the library will be defined in ________________
(7)
void main()
{
printf("%s",7["wipro infortech");
84
}
(8)
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
char *p="hello";
char q[]={'h','e','l','l','o'};
printf("%d %d",sizeof(*p),sizeof(*q));
}
o/p: 1 1
(9)
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i=0;
while()
{
switch(i)
{
case 3<2:
printf("Hi");
break;
case 3>2:
printf("Hello");
break;
default:
printf("welcome");
}
++i;
}
}
o/p:
error
85
(10)
void main()
{
int i=0;
while(i<3)
{
switch(i)
{
case 1:
printf("case1");
case 2:
printf("case2");
break;
default:
printf("Default");
}
++i;
}
}
o/p:default case1 case2 case2
(11)
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
char str2[]="Hello"
if(str1==str2)
printf("\nEqual");
else
printf("\nNot equal");
}
0/p:
Error
86
(12)
which one of the comment line statement is correct
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
/* hello world */
//hello world//
*/ hello world */
/&hello world &/
Ans: (1)
(13)
The value of EOF is _____
(1) NULL
(2)0
(3)-1
(4)1
Ans: (3)
(14)
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i;
for(i=2;i=0;i--)
{
printf("%d",&i);
}
}
No output
(15)
struct addr
{
char city[5];
char street[5];
};
struct emp
87
{
char name[20];
int empno;
struct addr *a;
};
struct emp *pemp;
How will you access city from the *pemp;
ans: pemp->a->city
(16)
If you want to allocate 2 blocks of memory for a set of 5 integers,which will you use?
(a) malloc
(c)neither (a)&(b)
Ans:(d)
(17)
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i=10;
printf("%d ",i=50);
}
0/p: 50
(18)
#include<stdio.h>
#define HELLO hi
void main()
{
(b)calloc
(d)either (a)&(b)
88
printf("HELLO");
}
o/p: HELLO
(19)
Convert to prefix
(a+b)*(c/d)
ans: *+ab/cd
(20)
#include<stdio.h>
struct person
{
char *name;
char *age;
char *c;
};
struct emp
{
int a;
struct person *addr;
};
void main()
{
struct emp *e1;
printf("%d",sizeof(e1));
}
o/p: 4
(21)
#include<stdio.h>
89
void main()
{
int i;
i=10/4;
printf("%d",i);
}
o/p: 2
(22)
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
float i;
i=10/4;
printf("%f",i);
}
o/p: 2.000000
(23)
To arrange nodes in ascending order ________ is used
1)inorder
ans: inorder
(24)
int i=6,*j;
line1: j=&i;
line2: j=&35;
line&: j=&(i+25);
2)preorder
3)postorder
4)all the above
90
Which of the above lines are correct?

Ans: line1
(25)
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i=10;
printf("%d",i==10);
}
o/p: 1
(26)
#include<stdio.h>
int get();
void main()
{
int x=20;
x=get();
printf("%d ",x);
}
int get()
{
return(60);
}
o/p: 60
(27)
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int a[3][4]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
91
printf("%d ",a[2][1]);
}
o/p: 0
(28)
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
static int a[100];
int i;
for(i=0;i<4;i++)
printf("%d",a[i]);
}
o/p: 0 0 0 0
(29)
which is better memory allocation when size is not known
1)static
2)dynamic
ans: dynamic
(30)
struct city
{
char name[10];
char address[0];
};
struct details
{
struct city c;
3)both
4)neither
92
};
struct details *d;
How will u access address(member)
1)d->c.address
2)d.c.address
3)d.c->adddress
Ans:d->c.address
(31)
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int array[]={10,20,30,40,50},*p;
p=&array[0] + 4; //p=array+4
for(;p>=array;p--)
printf("%d ",*p);
}
Ans:50 40 30 20 10
(32)
A complete binary tree is
(a) non-leaf nodes have two child
(b) all left subtree less than root and root less than right tree
which is correct
1) a alone
2)b alone
3)neither (a) nor (b)
(33)
Linked list is better than array because of
1) insertion 2)deletion
3)traversal
a) (1) & (2)
b) (2) & (3)
93
(34)
In the doubly linked list ,to add a new element in the tail node
(35)
#include<stdio.h>
#define wipro main
void wipro()
{
printf("main");
}
o/p: main
(36)
#include<stdio.h>
#define output(int) printf("%d ",int)
void main()
{
int a=2,b=3;
output(a);
output(b);
}
o/p: 2 3
(37)
#include<stdio.h>
#define wipro printf
void main()
{
wipro("welcome");
}
94
o/p: welcome
(38)
Which one of the following statement is false for binary search tree
1) root is less than left and right subtree
2)root is less than left subtree but greater than right
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
(39)
#include<stdio.h>
aaa()
{
printf("hi");
}
bbb()
{
printf("hello");
}
ccc()
{
printf("bye");
}
void main()
{
int (*ptr[3])();
ptr[0]=aaa;
ptr[1]=bbb;
ptr[2]=ccc;
ptr[1]();
}
o/p: hello
(40)
a=15,b=3,c=5,d=3
c)both 1 and 2
d)neigher 1 nor 2
95
a*b+c-d
evaluate the expression
Ans:47
(41)
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i,j;
for(i=0;i<2;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<5;j++)
{
if(i==j)
break;
printf("wipro");
}
}
}
How many times wipro will be printed
o/p: 1 time
42)
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int a=10,b=10;
a+=1;
printf((a>b)?"hi":"hello");
}
o/p: hi
96
43)
which is not an operator in c?
1)& 2)!
3)~
4)::
44)
Which operator is highest precedence?
a)"=="
b)"*"
c)"+"
d)"->"
45)
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
static int a[5];
int i;
for(i=0;i<5;++i)
printf("%d ",a[i]);
}
o/p: 0 0 0 0 0
46)
For allocating 2 blocks of 5 elements of integer type,what we will use?
1)malloc( ) or calloc( )
3)calloc( )
Ans: (1)
47)
#include<stdio.h>
struct emp
{
int i;
char name[15];
};
void main()
2)only malloc
4)neither malloc( ) nor calloc( )
97
{
struct emp e1={1,"hi"},*e2;
e2=&e1;
if(e1==e2)
printf("\nstructures are equal");
else
printf("\nstructures are not equal");
}
Ans:
error
48)
The arguments in a function call are known as
a) Actual parameters
b)Formal parameters
49)
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
char *fun();
char *s;
s=fun();
printf("%s",s);
}
char *fun()
{
return("Hello");
}
o/p:Hello
50)
The range of unsigned integers is _________
98
51)
prefix to infix
postfix to infix
52)Which is initialized as zero

1)global variable
3)register variable
2)static variable
4)extern variable
a)(1) and (2)
b) (1) and (3)
c) (1),(2)and (3)
d) (1),(2),(3) and (4)
Ans: a
53)
which statement used to read from file
1)fgets
2)fread
54)
#include<stdio.h>
fun1()
{
int a=5;
static int b=5;
a++;
b++;
printf("%d ",a);
printf("%d\n",b);
}
void main()
{
fun1();
fun1();
}
o/p:
3)fscanf
4)sscanf
99
66
67
55)
In what aspect linked list is efficient than array
1)Insertion
2)deletion
a)1 and 2
b)3 only
Ans:(a)
56)
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i;
for(i=16/3;i<5;i++)
printf("%d",i);
}
o/p:
no output
57)
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int a;
a=9/4.5;
printf("%d",a);
}
Ans: 2
58)
#include<stdio.h>
3)Traversal
c)2 and 3 only
100
#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0
void main()
{
if(TRUE)
printf("True");
else
printf("False");
}
o/p:
True
59)
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
if(str1==str2)
printf("True");
else
printf("False");
}
o/p:false
60)
Which of the following is correct
a) To read a character by character in files getc is used.
b) To read a character by character in files fgetc is used.
c) To read a line by line in a file gets is used.
d) To read a line by line in a file fgets is used.
Ans:(a),(b) and (d)
61)
#include<stdio.h>
itn one_d[]={1,2,3};
void main()
101
{
int *ptr;
ptr=one_d;
ptr+=3;
printf("%d",*ptr);
}
/*#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int array[] = {10,20,30,40,50};
int *p;
p = &array+4;
for (;p>=array; p--)
{
printf ("%d \n", *p);
}
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
struct city
{
char name[10];
char *address;
};
struct details
{
struct city c;
};
void main()
{
struct details *d1;
scanf("%s",d1->c.address);
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
102
/* A complete binary tree has

statement 1: non-leaf nodeshave two child
statement 2: All left subtree values less than root and root less than right tree
Which is correct
1 alone
2 alone
either 1 or 2
neither 1 nor 2*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/* In doubly linked list, to add a new element in the tail node
1. nd->next = NULL:
2. nd-> prev->next = tail;
3 nd - > prev = tail;
which order is correct
123
321
3 1 2 */
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int c[] ={2.8,3.4,4,4.6,7.5};
int j, *p=c, *q = c;
for (j=0; j<5; j++)
{
printf("%d", *c);
++q;
}
for (j=0; j<=5; j++)
{
printf("%d", *p);
++q;
103
}
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/* Which of the following is correct
1. signed char range is -128 to 127
2. unsigned char range is 0 to 255
3. int by default is short int
4. short int by default is signed short int */
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
void main()
{
int i,n;
char *x = "OOAD";
n = strlen(x);
*x = x[n];
for(i=0; i <n; ++i)
{
printf ("%s \n", x);
x++;
}
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i, j;
for(i=0; i <2; i++)
{
for(j=0; j<5; j++)
104
{
if(i==j)
break;
printf ("wipro");
}
}
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i=2;
switch(i)
{
case 2:
printf ("Case2");
case 1:
printf ("Case1");
break;
}
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/* When pointer is assign to null pointer what will be the output
a. compile Error
b. runtime error while acessing the pointer
c. some output*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int *p, j;
????
105
*p = 35;
printf ("%d", j);
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
aaa()
{
printf("hi");
}
bbb()
{
printf ("Hello");
}
ccc()
{
printf("bye");
}
void main()
{
int (*ptr[3])();
ptr[0] = aaa;
ptr[1] = bbb;
ptr[2] = ccc;
ptr[2]();
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
#define wipro main
wipro()
{
printf ("main");
}
106
void main()
{
wipro();
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
#define output(int) printf ("%d", int);
void main()
{
int a=2,b=3;
output(a);
output(b);
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
#define wipro printf
main()
{
wipro("Hai");
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/* Which one of the following statements is true for binary searc tree
1. root is less than left & right sub tree
2. root is less than left sub tree but greater than right sub tree*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/* The Range fo unsigned integer is _____________________________*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
107
/*#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
auto int i=0;
static int j=0;
extern int k =0;
register int l=0;
i++;
j++;
k++;
l++;
printf ("%d %d %d", i, j,l);
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
const char a="b";
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i=10;
while(++i>10)
{
printf ("something");
}
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
define mul(a) (a) * (a); /*They will ask u what will be the define statement to
108
get the output as hundred and the define statement have four opitons. This is
correct option to get the output*/
/*void main()
{
int result;
result = mul(10);
printf ("%d", result);
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
struct a
{
int no;
int *no1;
int *no2;
} *a1;
void main()
{
printf ("%d %d %d %d", sizeof(a1->no),sizeof(a1->no1), sizeof(*a1), sizeof(a1));
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
static int a[5];
int i;
for(i=0; i<5; i++)
{
printf ("%d", a[i]);
}
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
109
/*#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i=10;
printf ("%d", i= =10);
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int x,y=6;
x=y+NULL;
printf("%d",x);
} */
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
static int arr[12];
printf("%d",sizeof(arr));
} */
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
float a[]={1.2,3.4,5.7,12.3};
int i;
for(i=0;i<=5;++i)
printf("%f ",a[i]);
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
//A user-defined function returns a pointer (yes/No)
110
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
char *p="hello";
char q[]={'h','e','l','l','o'};
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i=0;
while()
{
switch(i)
{
case 3<2:
printf("Hi");
break;
case 3>2:
printf("Hello");
break;
default:
printf("welcome");
}
++i;
}
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i=0;
while(i<3)
{
switch(i)
{
case 1:
111
printf("case1");
case 2:
printf("case2");
break;
default:
printf("Default");
}
++i;
}
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
if(str1==str2)
printf("\nEqual");
else
printf("\nNot equal");
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i;
for(i=2;i=0;i--)
{
printf("%d",&i);
}
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
112
int i=5;
printf ("%d", ~i);
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i=10;
printf("%d ",i=50);
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
#define HELLO "hi"
void main()
{
printf("HELLO");
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
struct person
{
char *name;
char *age;
char *c;
};
struct emp
{
int a;
struct person *addr;
};
void main()
{
struct emp *e1;
printf("%d",sizeof(e1));
113
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i;
i=10/4;
printf("%d",i);
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int a[3][4]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
printf("%d ",a[2][1]);
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int array[]={10,20,30,40,50},*p;
p=&array[0] + 4; //p=array+4
for(;p>=array;p--)
printf("%d ",*p);
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
#define wipro main
void wipro()
{
114
printf("main");
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int a=10,b=10;
a+=1;
printf((a>b)?"hi":"hello");
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
/*#include<stdio.h>
struct emp
{
int i;
char name[15];
};
void main()
{
struct emp e1={1,"hi"},*e2;
e2=&e1;
if(e1==e2)
printf("\nstructures are equal");
else
printf("\nstructures are not equal");
}*/
//______________________________________________________________________
________
6. The size of long double is
a. 8 bytes
b. 10 Bytes c. Compiler Dependent
d. There is no datatype called long double.
Ans::b
unsigned i=32768;
void main()
115
{
printf("%d",i);
}
b. 32768
c. -32768
d. Error
e. None of the above
Ans::b
8. How many times Wipro Technologies printed in the following code:
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
for (j=0;j<5;j--)
{
if (i==j) break;
printf(Wipro Technologies);
}
a. 4 times
b. Error
c. Infinite loop
d. Not predictable
Ans::c
9. What is the output of the following
int i;
void main()
{
static int i=3;
printf("%d",i);
}
e. 3
f. Multiple declaration (since I is static)
g. 0
h. None of the above
Ans::a(3)
main()
{
void change(char *);
char *t="test";
change(t);
printf("%s",t);
}
void change(char *t)
116
{
char *ab="new test";
*t=*ab;
}
b. new test
c. test
d. nest
Ans::c
6. main()
{
char *fun();
printf("%s",fun());
}
char * fun()
{
char buffer[]=Hello World;
return buffer;
}
a) hello world
b) Compiler error
c) Garbage Value
ans::c//if static char buffer is used it would have worked
11. main()
{
int a=10,*p=&a,*q=p;
*q++;//valid
printf(%d %d %d,a,*p,*q);
}
a. 11 11 11
b. 10 10 11
c. Garbage value;
d. Error
Garbage value//actaually 10 10 garbage
Ans::c
12. #define c(a) a*a
#define c(b) b+b
void main()
{
printf(%d,c(10));
}
e. 100
117
f. 20
g. 400
h. Error
Ans::f
13. void rec(int);
void main()
{
rec(3);
}
void rec(int n)
{
if (n<=0)
return;
rec(n-1);
printf(%d,n);
rec(--n);
}
a. 1 2 1 3 1 2 1
b. 0 1 2 0
c. Infinite loop
d. Error
Ans::a
14. int z, x=5,y=-10,a=4,b=2;
z=x++ - --y * b / a;
What number will z in the sample code above contain?
a. 5
b. 6
c. 10
d. 11
ans::c
10. char* myFunc (char *ptr)
{
ptr += 3;
return (ptr);
}
int main()
{
char *x, *y;
x = "HELLO";
y = myFunc (x);
printf ("y = %s \n", y);
return 0;
118
}
What will print when the sample code above is executed?
a. y = HELLO
b. y = ELLO
c. y = LLO
d. y = LO
Ans::d
11. What would be the output?
void main()
{
printf("%s",7["wipro infotech");
}
a. f
b. Garbage value
c. fotech
d. Error
Ans::b Garbage value //used aswipro infotech+7
12. Predict the output
char p[]="hello";
char q[]={'h','e','l','l','o'};
printf("%d %d",sizeof(p),sizeof(q));
a. 5 5
b. 6 6
c. 6 5
d. 5 6
Ans::c
13. What would be printed:
#include<stdio.h>
int i=0;
void main()
{
while(i)
{
switch(i)
{
Case 3<2:
printf("Hi");
break;
case 3>2:
printf("Hello");
break;
default:
printf("welcome");
119
}
++i;
}
}
b. Hi
c. Welcome
d. No output
e. Error
Ans::c
14. struct addr
{
char city[5];
char street[5];
};
struct emp
{
char name[20];
int empno;
struct addr *a;
};
struct emp *pemp;
How will you access city from the *pemp;
a. pemp->a->city
b. pemp->*a.city
c. pemp->a.*city
d. All the above.
Ans::a //rest invalid
int get();
void main()
{
int x=20;
x=get();
printf("%d ",x);
}
int get()
{
return(60);
}
b. 60
c. Garbage
120
d. Error
Ans::a
16. What would be the out put of the following
void main()
{
int a=10,b=20,c=30;
a++ || b-20 && ++c;
printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
}
a. 11 20 31
b. 11 0 30
c. 11 20 30
d. Error
Ans::c
void main()
{
printf("Hi!");
if (-1)
printf("Bye");
}
(a)No Output
(b)Hi!
(c)Bye
Ans::d
18. void main()
{
printf("Hi!");
if !(0)
printf("Bye");
}
(a)Compile-Time error
(b)Hi!
(c)Bye
Bye
Ans::a
19. void main()
{
printf("Hi!");
if (-1+1+1+1-1-1-1+(-1)-(-1))
printf("Bye");
}
(a)No Output
(b)Hi!
(c)Bye
Ans::d
20. void main()
{
int a=1,b=2,c=3,d=4,e;
if (e=(a & b | c ^ d))
printf("%d",e);
(d)Hi!Bye
(d)Hi!
(d)Hi!Bye
121
}
(a)0
(b)7
(c)3
(d)No Output
Nas::
21. auto int a=5;
void main()
{
printf("%d",a);
}
(b)Run-Time error
(c)5
(d)Unpredictable
Ans::a//auto cannot be declared outside any fuction
22. main()
{
int a=1;
if (a)
printf("Test");
else;
printf("Again");
}
(a)Again
(b)Test
(c)Compile-Time Error
(d)TestAgain
Ans::b
23.
void main()
{
float i;
for (i=0.1; i<0.4; i+=0.1)
printf("%.1f",i);
}
(a)0.10.20.3
(b)Compile-Time Error
(c)Run-Time Error (d)No
Output
Ans::a
24.Point out the error if any
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
struct xx
{
int x;
struct yy
{
char s;
struct xx *p;
};//name sud be given.
struct yy *q;
122
};
}
a.
b.
c.
d.
Compile time error

Run time error
No error.
Compiler dependent
ans::a
5. Heap
3) is a finite area
4) all of the above
Ans::4
26. Predict the output
int a = 4, b = 7,c; c = a = = b; printf("%i",c);
a) 0
b) error
c) 1
d) garbage value
ans::error//= = would not work == will do
27. What will be the output of the following statements
?
int a[2][2] = { 3,2,5,4 };
printf("%d",*(*(*(a))));
a) error
b) 3
c) garbage value
d) 2
Ans::a
28.
Which of the functions is most apt for reading a multi-word ?
a) puts()
b) gets()
c) scanf()
d) vsscanf()
Ans::b
29. What will be the output of the following program ?
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
123
void main()
{
int n; char *str = "324.89";
n = atoi(str); printf("%d",n);
}
a) 300
b) 324
c) 32489
d) 89
Ans::324
void main()
{ printf("%d"); }
a) error
b) no output
c) %d
d) 0
Ans::d
void main()
{
int a = 36, b = 9;
printf("%d",a>>a/b-2);
}
a) 9
b) 7
c) 5
d) none of these
Ans::a
void main()
{
int a,b;
void small(int,int);
printf("Enter 2 numbers\n");
scanf("%d %d",&a,&b);
}
void small(int x,int y)
{
if (x<y)
printf("A is less than B"');
else
printf("B is less than A");
124
}
If a=10, b=10 What is the output
a. B is less than A
b. A is less than B
c. Error
d. No output
Ans::d
33. swap(int *a,int *b)
{
int *t;
t=a;
a=b;
b=t;
}
void main()
{
int a=10,b=20;
swap(&a,&b);
printf(%d %d,a,b);
}
b. 10 20
c. 20 10
d. Error
e. Garbage value
Ans::a
34. main()
{
p1=p;
while(*p!='\0')
++*++p;
}
a. ibj!gsjfoet
b. hbj!gsjfoet
c. hbj!gsjfoet hbj!gsjfoet
Ans::d//abnormal program termination
35. main( )
{
char *q;
int j;
125
for (j=0; j<3; j++) scanf(%s ,(q+j));
for (j=0; j<3; j++) printf(%c ,*(q+j));
for (j=0; j<3; j++) printf(%s ,(q+j));
}
If the input given are Wipro Technologies Chennai
What will be the output
a. WTChennai TChennai Chennai
b. Chennai Chennai Chennai
c. Wipro Technologies Chennai
Ans::d
36. main()
{
int i, n;
char *x = OOAD;
n = strlen(x);
*x = x[n];
for(i=0; i<n; ++i)
{
printf(%s\n,x);
x++;
}
}
a. OOAD
OAD
AD
b. OAD
AD
D
c. No output
Ans::b
37. #define FALSE -1
#define TRUE 1
#define NULL 0
main() {
if(NULL)
puts("NULL");
else if(FALSE)
puts("TRUE");
else
puts("FALSE");
126
}
a. TRUE
b. FALSE
c. TRUE FALSE
d. Error
Ans::a
38. main()
{
int i=5,j=6,z;
printf("%d",i---j);
}
a. -1
b. Error
c. 0
Ans::a
39. main()
{
char *p;
int *q;
long *r;
p=0;
q=0;
r=0;
p++;
q++;
r++;
printf("%p...%p...%p",p,q,r);
}
a. 0001 0002 0004
b. 0000:0001 0000:0002 0000:0004
c. 1 2 4
d. Error
Ans::a//inc by their type value in p,q r set to zero
40. # include<stdio.h>
aaa() {
printf("hi");
}
bbb(){
printf("hello");
}
ccc(){
printf("bye");
127
}
main()
{
int (*ptr[3])();
ptr[0]=aaa;
ptr[1]=bbb;
ptr[2]=ccc;
(*ptr)();
}
a. hi
b. hello
c. bye
d. Error
Ans::hi
1) Which of the following is a compound assignment statement?
a)a=b
b) a=b=c
c) a+=b
d) a=b;b=c;
ans::c
2) given that the file is being read using fgetc command,as ch =fgetc(fp),then what is the
condition to check for the end of the file
a) ch!=EOF
b) ch!=NULL
c) ch==NULL
d) ch=='\0'
ans::a
3) which of the following accepts only the specified number of characters from a file
a) fgets
b) fread
c) fputc
d) fputs
ans::a
4) which of the following is the best for getting a string with space from the standard
input
a) gets
b) getc
c) fgets
d) puts
ans::fgets//gets
5)how to represent a character pointer named 'message' pointing to the array"hello"
a) char message="hello"
b) char message[ ]="hello"
a) char *message="hello"
128
a) char *message[ ]="hello"
ans::c
6) which data structure is best for searching an element in the given list
a) arrays
b) single linked list
c) doubly linked list
d) binary search trees
ans::d
7) assume that integer is 4 bytes,pointer as 4 byter and character as 1 byte,then predict the
output
struct student
{
int a;
char name[10];
int *p;
}s1,*s2;
printf("%d%d",sizeof(s1),sizeof(*s2));
a) 18,18
b)18,4
c) 4,18
d) 4,4
ans::a
8) what would the statement strcmp("Astring","Astring"); return?
a) 0
b) <1
c)>1
d) -1
ans::a
9) which statement is used to compare the two strings
?
a) strcmp
b)strcompare
c) stringcompare
d) str_cmp
ans::a
10) int fun(int x)
{
int y=55;
return((x-y)?y:x);
}
main()
{
int a=20;
fun(a);
printf("%d",y);
}
129
ans::error
11) main()
{
static int a[10]={1,2,3,4,5};
int i;
for(i=0;i<10;i++)
printf("%d ",a[i]);
}
ans::1 2 3 4 5 0 0 0 0 0
12) main()
{
char *y;
y=x();
printf("%s",y);
}
char *x()
{
char result[ ]="Hello";
strcpy(result,"anything good");
return result;
}
ans::buffer die after function get lost
13) The post order is 5,20,10.what will be the inorder?
A)5,10,20
b) 20,5,10
c) 20,10,5
ans::a
14) int fact(int x)
{
??????
return(x*fact(x-1));
}
main()
{
fact(5);
}
what would be replaced in terms of ???????
a) if(x==0) return 0;
b) if(x==1) return 1;
c) if(x==2) return 2;
ans::b
130
15) Allocating a 2 blocks of memory for 'n' intgers is by using
a) malloc
b) calloc
c) both malloc and calloc
ans::b
16) In queue using linked list, which is correct?
a) both insertion and deltionis made at the front end
b) insertion is made at the beginning and deletion is made at the last
c) insertion is made at the last and deletion is made at the beginning
d) both insertion and deltionis made at the back end
ans::c
17) main()
{
int i=10;
printf("%d",i==10);
}
ans::1
18) main()
{
char c='p';
printf("%c",c);
}
ans::p
19) main()
{
int i=0;
while(i<3)
{
switch(i)
{
case 3>2:
printf("case1"):
break;
case 3<2:
printf("case2");
break;
defalut:
printf("default");
break;
}
i++;
}
ans::case2case1
20) which is correct?
131
a) unsigned char short
b) unsigned short char
c) short unsigned char
d)noneof the above
ans::b
21) void fun(char *str)
{
char *str1="hai";
str=str1;
}
main()
{
char *str="Hello";
fun(str);
printf("%s",str);
}
ans::hello
22) struct city
{
char *name[20];
int age;
}*s;
how to allocatethe memory for the member 'name'?
s->name[]=(char*)
23) what is the header file to be included for doing mathematical calculations?
24) what is the way to declare a float pointer?
float *f;
25) what kind of error does the syntax error is?
26) float fun( f1)
{
return(f1*f1);
}
main()
{
float f1=3.25;
fun(f1);
printf("%f",f1);
}
ans::3.25//also f1 will take int value only
27) for(i=0;i<2;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<5;j++)
{
132
if(i==j)
break;
printf("wipro");
}
}
how many times would wipro to be printed?
ans::wipro will be printed only one times.
28) main()
{
FILE *fp;
char data[100];
printf("Enter the file name");
gets(data);
????
fclose(fp);
}
fp=fopen(data,"r");
what would be replaced for ???? to open a file in a read mode
29) main()
{
int 5[a]={10,20,30,40,50};
int *p;
p=a[2];
printf("%d",2[a]);
}
error
30) which of these isn an infinite loop
i) for(;;);
ii)for(i=1;;i++);
iii) for(i=0;i<=5;i++)
{ --i;}
a) i,ii only
b) i only
c)all the three
ans::c
31)which of these is replaced by a switch block?
a) while loop
b) do while
c) for loop
d)else if
133
32) void disp(char *string)

{
printf("%d\n",string);
printf("%s\n",string);
}
void main()
{
char string[ ]="Hello world";
printf("%d\n",string);
disp(string);
}
33) char *gxxx()
{
static char x[1024];
printf("%s\n",x);
return x;
}
void main()
{
char *g="string";
strcpy(gxxx(),g);
g=gxxx();
strcpy(g,"old string");
printf("%s\n",gxxx());
}
ans::old string
34) main()
{
char s[ ]="\12345s\n";
printf("%d\n",sizeof(str));
}
ans::6
35) main()
{
char *k[ ]={" Good Morning","Good Evening","Good night"};
printf("%s\n",k[0]);
printf("%s\n",*(k+1));
}
ans::Good Morning Good Evening
36) which one of the following is incorrect?
a) signed char a;
134
b)char signed a;
c) char a signed;
ans::c
37) all the local variables are stored in ----------------a) stack
b) heap
c) queue
d) none
ans::a
38) Once you call a function,all the return addresses are stored in ---------------a) stack
b) heap
c) queue
d) none
ans::a
39) Which of the following is true about binary tree
i) all nodes except leaf node has exactly two child
ii) root node is greater than the left sub tree and lesser than the right sub tree.
a) i only
b)ii only
c) both i and ii
d) neither i nor ii
ans::b
40) Which of the following is true about complete binary tree
a) i only
b)ii only
c) both i and ii
d) neither i nor ii
ans::c
41) struct node
{
int data;
};
suppose start and end are the pointers pointing to the beginning and ending node
reapectively.then,
what will be the output of the following snippet
front=start;
back=end;
while(back!=NULL)
{
printf("%d",back->data);
135
back=back->left;
}
reverse printing
42) struct node
{
int data;
};
reapectively.then,what will be the output of the following snippet
front=start;
back=end;
while((front!=back)&&(back->left!=front))
{
temp=front->data;
front->data=back->data;
back->data=temp;
}
43) the declaration of the pinter to an array ofint having the name iptr is ------------------a) int *iptr
b) int &iptr
c) int *&iptr
d)iptr *int
ans::a
44) int one_d={0,1,2};
main()
{
int *ptr;
ptr=one_d;
ptr+=3;
printf("%d",*ptr);
}
ans::error
45) struct a
{
char *b;
char *c;
char *d;
};
struct e
{
char *f;
136
struct a *g;
}abc;
printf("%d",sizeof(abc));
ans::4
46) struct a
{
char *b;
char *c;
char *d;
};
struct e
{
char *f;
struct a g;
}abc;
printf("%d",sizeof(abc));
ans::8
47)#define wipro main
wipro()
{
printf("main");
}
ans::main
48) void prod(int x,int y,int z)
{
int p;
p=x*y*z;
printf("%d",p);
}
void main()
{
int a=3,b=4,c=5;
prod(a,b,c);
}
49) int meq();
void main()
{
printf("Hai");
meq();
printf("Hello");
}
meq()
{
137
printf("Bye");
}
ans::HaiByeHello
49) void main()
{
char *p="welcome";
char q[ ]={'w','e','l','c','o','m','e'};
}
ans::11
50) The size of the doubly linked list is always greater than the single linked list
a) true
b) false
51) char *ptr="abcdefgh";
char *sptr;
sptr=ptr+5;
printf("%s",sptr);
ans::fgh
52) If the integer occupies 2 bytes then short int will take how many bytes?
53) In C, syntax error is generated by --------------------a) compiler
b) Interpreter
C) linker
d) none
54) char *ptr="Madam";
char *sptr=ptr+4;
while(sptr>=ptr)
{
printf("%c",*sptr);
sptr--;
}
ans::madaM
55) void main()
{
int i;
i=10/20;
printf("%d",i);
}
ans::0
138
56) The arguments in a function call is known as --------------------a) formal arguments
b) actual arguments
57) main()
{
int i;
for(i=0;i<10;i++);
printf("%d",i);
}
ans::10
58) int i=10;
main()
{
int i=20;
{
int i=30;
printf("%d",i);
}
printf("%d",i);
}
ans::3020
59) void fun();
main()
{
fun();
}
void fun()
{
printf("good");
}
ans::good
60) void main()
{
int i=10;j=20,k=30,l=40,m;
int *a[4];
a[0]=&i;
a[1]=&j;
a[2]=&k;
a[3]=&l;
for(m=0;m<4;m++)
printf("%d",*a[m]);
}
139
ans::10203040
61) if the insertion is made only at the beginning then which data structure is used
a) array
b) stack
c) queue
d) linked list
62) to access the 4th element in the array 'num' we need ------------a) num[4]
b) num[1]
c)num[3]
63) void main()
{
char *a[ ]={"Dharma","Hewlett packard","New city","ibm"};
char **ptr=a;
printf("%s",++*p);
printf("%s",*p++);
printf("%s",*p);
}
ans::harmaharmaHewlett packard
64)
C Questions
Note : All the programs are tested under Turbo C/C++ compilers.
It is assumed that,
Programs run under DOS environment,
The underlying machine is an x86 system,
Program is compiled using Turbo C/C++ compiler.
The program output may depend on the information based on this assumptions
(for example sizeof(int) == 2 may be assumed).
Predict the output or error(s) for the following:
1. void main()
140
{
int const * p=5;
printf("%d",++(*p));
}
Answer:
Compiler error: Cannot modify a constant value.
Explanation:
p is a pointer to a "constant integer". But we tried to change the value of
the "constant integer".
2. main()
{
char s[ ]="man";
int i;
for(i=0;s[ i ];i++)
printf("\n%c%c%c%c",s[ i ],*(s+i),*(i+s),i[s]);
}
Answer:
mmmm
aaaa
nnnn
Explanation:
s[i], *(i+s), *(s+i), i[s] are all different ways of expressing the same idea.
Generally array name is the base address for that array. Here s is the base address. i is the
index number/displacement from the base address. So, indirecting it with * is same as
s[i]. i[s] may be surprising. But in the case of C it is same as s[i].
3. main()
{
float me = 1.1;
double you = 1.1;
if(me==you)
printf("I love U");
else
printf("I hate U");
}
Answer:
I hate U
Explanation:
For floating point numbers (float, double, long double) the values cannot
be predicted exactly. Depending on the number of bytes, the precession with of the value
represented varies. Float takes 4 bytes and long double takes 10 bytes. So float stores 0.9
with less precision than long double.
Rule of Thumb:
Never compare or at-least be cautious when using floating point numbers
with relational operators (== , >, <, <=, >=,!= ) .
141
4. main()
{
static int var = 5;
printf("%d ",var--);
if(var)
main();
}
Answer:
54321
Explanation:
When static storage class is given, it is initialized once. The change in the
value of a static variable is retained even between the function calls. Main is also treated
like any other ordinary function, which can be called recursively.
5. main()
{
int c[ ]={2.8,3.4,4,6.7,5};
int j,*p=c,*q=c;
for(j=0;j<5;j++) {
printf(" %d ",*c);
++q; }
for(j=0;j<5;j++){
printf(" %d ",*p);
++p; }
}
Answer:
2222223465
Explanation:
Initially pointer c is assigned to both p and q. In the first loop, since only q
is incremented and not c , the value 2 will be printed 5 times. In second loop p itself is
incremented. So the values 2 3 4 6 5 will be printed.
6. main()
{
extern int i;
i=20;
printf("%d",i);
}
Answer:
Linker Error : Undefined symbol '_i'
Explanation:
extern storage class in the following declaration,
extern int i;
142
specifies to the compiler that the memory for i is allocated in some other program and
that address will be given to the current program at the time of linking. But linker finds
that no other variable of name i is available in any other program with memory space
allocated for it. Hence a linker error has occurred .
7. main()
{
int i=-1,j=-1,k=0,l=2,m;
m=i++&&j++&&k++||l++;
printf("%d %d %d %d %d",i,j,k,l,m);
}
Answer:
00131
Explanation :
Logical operations always give a result of 1 or 0 . And also the logical
AND (&&) operator has higher priority over the logical OR (||) operator. So the
expression i++ && j++ && k++ is executed first. The result of this expression is 0 (1 && -1 && 0 = 0). Now the expression is 0 || 2 which evaluates to 1 (because OR
operator always gives 1 except for 0 || 0 combination- for which it gives 0). So the value
of m is 1. The values of other variables are also incremented by 1.
8. main()
{
char *p;
printf("%d %d ",sizeof(*p),sizeof(p));
}
Answer:
12
Explanation:
The sizeof() operator gives the number of bytes taken by its operand. P is
a character pointer, which needs one byte for storing its value (a character). Hence
sizeof(*p) gives a value of 1. Since it needs two bytes to store the address of the character
pointer sizeof(p) gives 2.
9. main()
{
int i=3;
switch(i)
{
default:printf("zero");
case 1: printf("one");
break;
case 2:printf("two");
break;
case 3: printf("three");
143
break;
}
}
Answer :
three
Explanation :
The default case can be placed anywhere inside the loop. It is executed
only when all other cases doesn't match.
10. main()
{
printf("%x",-1<<4);
}
Answer:
fff0
Explanation :
-1 is internally represented as all 1's. When left shifted four times the least
significant 4 bits are filled with 0's.The %x format specifier specifies that the integer
value be printed as a hexadecimal value.
11. main()
{
char string[]="Hello World";
display(string);
}
void display(char *string)
{
printf("%s",string);
}
Answer:
Compiler Error : Type mismatch in redeclaration of function display
Explanation :
In third line, when the function display is encountered, the compiler
doesn't know anything about the function display. It assumes the arguments and return
types to be integers, (which is the default type). When it sees the actual function display,
the arguments and type contradicts with what it has assumed previously. Hence a compile
time error occurs.
12. main()
{
int c=- -2;
printf("c=%d",c);
}
Answer:
c=2;
Explanation:
144
Here unary minus (or negation) operator is used twice. Same maths rules
applies, ie. minus * minus= plus.
Note:
However you cannot give like --2. Because -- operator can only be
applied to variables as a decrement operator (eg., i--). 2 is a constant and not a variable.
13. #define int char
main()
{
int i=65;
printf("sizeof(i)=%d",sizeof(i));
}
Answer:
sizeof(i)=1
Explanation:
Since the #define replaces the string int by the macro char
14. main()
{
int i=10;
i=!i>14;
Printf ("i=%d",i);
}
Answer:
i=0
Explanation:
In the expression !i>14 , NOT (!) operator has more precedence than >
symbol. ! is a unary logical operator. !i (!10) is 0 (not of true is false). 0>14 is false
(zero).
main()
{
char s[]={'a','b','c','\n','c','\0'};
char *p,*str,*str1;
p=&s[3];
str=p;
str1=s;
printf("%d",++*p + ++*str1-32);
}
Answer:
77
Explanation:
145
p is pointing to character '\n'. str1 is pointing to character 'a' ++*p. "p is pointing
to '\n' and that is incremented by one." the ASCII value of '\n' is 10, which is then
incremented to 11. The value of ++*p is 11. ++*str1, str1 is pointing to 'a' that is
incremented by 1 and it becomes 'b'. ASCII value of 'b' is 98.
Now performing (11 + 98 32), we get 77("M");
So we get the output 77 :: "M" (Ascii is 77).
main()
{
int a[2][2][2] = { {10,2,3,4}, {5,6,7,8} };
int *p,*q;
p=&a[2][2][2];
*q=***a;
printf("%d----%d",*p,*q);
}
Answer:
SomeGarbageValue---1
Explanation:
p=&a[2][2][2] you declare only two 2D arrays, but you are trying to
access the third 2D(which you are not declared) it will print garbage values. *q=***a
starting address of a is assigned integer pointer. Now q is pointing to starting address of a.
If you print *q, it will print first element of 3D array.
main()
{
struct xx
{
int x=3;
};
struct xx *s;
printf("%d",s->x);
}
Answer:
Compiler Error
Explanation:
You should not initialize variables in declaration
main()
{
struct xx
{
146
int x;
struct yy
{
char s;
struct xx *p;
};
struct yy *q;
};
}
Answer:
Compiler Error
Explanation:
The structure yy is nested within structure xx. Hence, the elements are of
yy are to be accessed through the instance of structure xx, which needs an instance of yy
to be known. If the instance is created after defining the structure the compiler will not
know about the instance relative to xx. Hence for nested structure yy you have to declare
member.
19. main()
{
printf("\nab");
printf("\bsi");
printf("\rha");
}
Answer:
hai
Explanation:
\n - newline
\b - backspace
\r - linefeed
20. main()
{
int i=5;
printf("%d%d%d%d%d%d",i++,i--,++i,--i,i);
}
Answer:
45545
Explanation:
The arguments in a function call are pushed into the stack from left to
right. The evaluation is by popping out from the stack. and the evaluation is from right to
left, hence the result.
21. #define square(x) x*x
main()
{
147
int i;
i = 64/square(4);
printf("%d",i);
}
Answer:
64
Explanation:
the macro call square(4) will substituted by 4*4 so the expression becomes
i = 64/4*4 . Since / and * has equal priority the expression will be evaluated as (64/4)*4
i.e. 16*4 = 64
22. main()
{
p1=p;
while(*p!='\0') ++*p++;
}
Answer:
ibj!gsjfoet
Explanation:
++*p++ will be parse in the given order
*p that is value at the location currently pointed by p will be taken
++*p the retrieved value will be incremented
when ; is encountered the location will be incremented that is p++ will be executed
Hence, in the while loop initial value pointed by p is h, which is changed to i by
executing ++*p and pointer moves to point, a which is similarly changed to b and so
on. Similarly blank space is converted to !. Thus, we obtain value in p becomes ibj!
gsjfoet and since p reaches \0 and p1 points to p thus p1doesnot print anything.
#define a 10
main()
{
#define a 50
printf("%d",a);
}
Answer:
50
Explanation:
The preprocessor directives can be redefined anywhere in the program. So
the most recently assigned value will be taken.
24. #define clrscr() 100
main()
{
148
clrscr();
printf("%d\n",clrscr());
}
Answer:
100
Explanation:
Preprocessor executes as a seperate pass before the execution of the
compiler. So textual replacement of clrscr() to 100 occurs.The input program to compiler
looks like this :
main()
{
100;
printf("%d\n",100);
}
Note:
100; is an executable statement but with no action. So it doesn't give any
problem
25. main()
{
printf("%p",main);
}
Answer:
Some address will be printed.
Explanation:
Function names are just addresses (just like array names are addresses).
main() is also a function. So the address of function main will be printed. %p in printf
specifies that the argument is an address. They are printed as hexadecimal numbers.
27)
main()
{
clrscr();
}
clrscr();
Answer:
No output/error
Explanation:
The first clrscr() occurs inside a function. So it becomes a function call. In
the second clrscr(); is a function declaration (because it is not inside any
function).
28)
enum colors {BLACK,BLUE,GREEN}

main()
{
149
printf("%d..%d..%d",BLACK,BLUE,GREEN);
return(1);
}
Answer:
0..1..2
Explanation:
enum assigns numbers starting from 0, if not explicitly defined.
29)
void main()
{
char far *farther,*farthest;
printf("%d..%d",sizeof(farther),sizeof(farthest));
}
Answer:
4..2
Explanation:
the second pointer is of char type and not a far pointer
30)
main()
{
int i=400,j=300;
printf("%d..%d");
}
Answer:
400..300
Explanation:
printf takes the values of the first two assignments of the program. Any
number of printf's may be given. All of them take only the first two
values. If more number of assignments given in the program,then printf
will take garbage values.
31)
main()
{
char *p;
p="Hello";
printf("%c\n",*&*p);
}
Answer:
H
Explanation:
* is a dereference operator & is a reference operator. They can be
applied any number of times provided it is meaningful. Here p points to
the first character in the string "Hello". *p dereferences it and so its value
150
is H. Again & references it to an address and * dereferences it to the value
H.
32)
main()
{
int i=1;
while (i<=5)
{
printf("%d",i);
if (i>2)
goto here;
i++;
}
}
fun()
{
here:
printf("PP");
}
Answer:
Compiler error: Undefined label 'here' in function main
Explanation:
Labels have functions scope, in other words The scope of the labels is
limited to functions . The label 'here' is available in function fun() Hence it
is not visible in function main.
33)
main()
{
static char names[5][20]={"pascal","ada","cobol","fortran","perl"};
int i;
char *t;
t=names[3];
names[3]=names[4];
names[4]=t;
for (i=0;i<=4;i++)
printf("%s",names[i]);
}
Answer:
Compiler error: Lvalue required in function main
Explanation:
Array names are pointer constants. So it cannot be modified.
34)
void main()
{
int i=5;
printf("%d",i++ + ++i);
151
}
Answer:
Output Cannot be predicted exactly.
Explanation:
Side effects are involved in the evaluation of i
35)
void main()
{
int i=5;
printf("%d",i+++++i);
}
Answer:
Compiler Error
Explanation:
The expression i+++++i is parsed as i ++ ++ + i which is an illegal
combination of operators.
36)
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int i=1,j=2;
switch(i)
{
case 1: printf("GOOD");
break;
case j: printf("BAD");
break;
}
}
Answer:
Compiler Error: Constant expression required in function main.
Explanation:
The case statement can have only constant expressions (this implies that
we cannot use variable names directly so an error).
Note:
Enumerated types can be used in case statements.
37)
main()
{
int i;
printf("%d",scanf("%d",&i)); // value 10 is given as input here
}
Answer:
1
Explanation:
152
Scanf returns number of items successfully read and not 1/0. Here 10 is
given as input which should have been scanned successfully. So number
of items read is 1.
38)
#define f(g,g2) g##g2

main()
{
int var12=100;
printf("%d",f(var,12));
}
Answer:
100
39)
main()
{
int i=0;
for(;i++;printf("%d",i)) ;
printf("%d",i);
}
Answer:
1
Explanation:
before entering into the for loop the checking condition is "evaluated".
Here it evaluates to 0 (false) and comes out of the loop, and i is
incremented (note the semicolon after the for loop).
40)
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
char s[]={'a','b','c','\n','c','\0'};
char *p,*str,*str1;
p=&s[3];
str=p;
str1=s;
printf("%d",++*p + ++*str1-32);
}
Answer:
M
Explanation:
p is pointing to character '\n'.str1 is pointing to character 'a' ++*p
meAnswer:"p is pointing to '\n' and that is incremented by one." the ASCII
value of '\n' is 10. then it is incremented to 11. the value of ++*p is 11. +
+*str1 meAnswer:"str1 is pointing to 'a' that is incremented by 1 and it
becomes 'b'. ASCII value of 'b' is 98. both 11 and 98 is added and result is
subtracted from 32.
153
i.e. (11+98-32)=77("M");
41)
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
struct xx
{
int x=3;
};
struct xx *s=malloc(sizeof(struct xx));
printf("%d",s->x);
}
Answer:
Compiler Error
Explanation:
Initialization should not be done for structure members inside the structure
declaration
42)
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
struct xx
{
int x;
struct yy
{
char s;
struct xx *p;
};
struct yy *q;
};
}
Answer:
Compiler Error
Explanation:
in the end of nested structure yy a member have to be declared.
43)
main()
{
extern int i;
i=20;
printf("%d",sizeof(i));
}
Answer:
154
Linker error: undefined symbol '_i'.
Explanation:
extern declaration specifies that the variable i is defined somewhere else.
The compiler passes the external variable to be resolved by the linker. So
compiler doesn't find an error. During linking the linker searches for the
definition of i. Since it is not found the linker flags an error.
44)
main()
{
printf("%d", out);
}
int out=100;
Answer:
Compiler error: undefined symbol out in function main.
Explanation:
The rule is that a variable is available for use from the point of declaration.
Even though a is a global variable, it is not available for main. Hence an
error.
45)
main()
{
extern out;
printf("%d", out);
}
int out=100;
Answer:
100
Explanation:
This is the correct way of writing the previous program.
46)
main()
{
show();
}
void show()
{
printf("I'm the greatest");
}
Answer:
Compier error: Type mismatch in redeclaration of show.
Explanation:
When the compiler sees the function show it doesn't know anything about
it. So the default return type (ie, int) is assumed. But when compiler sees
the actual definition of show mismatch occurs since it is declared as void.
Hence the error.
The solutions are as follows:
155
1. declare void show() in main() .
2. define show() before main().
3. declare extern void show() before the use of show().
47)
main( )
{
int a[2][3][2] = {{{2,4},{7,8},{3,4}},{{2,2},{2,3},{3,4}}};
printf(%u %u %u %d \n,a,*a,**a,***a);
printf(%u %u %u %d \n,a+1,*a+1,**a+1,***a+1);
}
Answer:
100, 100, 100, 2
114, 104, 102, 3
Explanation:
The given array is a 3-D one. It can also be viewed as a 1-D array.
2 4
7 8 3
4 2
2 2
3
3
4
100 102 104 106 108 110 112 114 116 118 120 122
thus, for the first printf statement a, *a, **a give address of first element .
since the indirection ***a gives the value. Hence, the first line of the
output.
for the second printf a+1 increases in the third dimension thus points to
value at 114, *a+1 increments in second dimension thus points to 104, **a
+1 increments the first dimension thus points to 102 and ***a+1 first gets
the value at first location and then increments it by 1. Hence, the output.
48)
main( )
{
int a[ ] = {10,20,30,40,50},j,*p;
for(j=0; j<5; j++)
{
printf(%d ,*a);
a++;
}
p = a;
for(j=0; j<5; j++)
{
printf(%d ,*p);
p++;
}
}
Answer:
Compiler error: lvalue required.
156
Explanation:
Error is in line with statement a++. The operand must be an lvalue and
may be of any of scalar type for the any operator, array name only when
subscripted is an lvalue. Simply array name is a non-modifiable lvalue.
49)
main( )
{
static int a[ ] = {0,1,2,3,4};
int *p[ ] = {a,a+1,a+2,a+3,a+4};
int **ptr = p;
ptr++;
printf(\n %d %d %d, ptr-p, *ptr-a, **ptr);
*ptr++;
*++ptr;
++*ptr;
}
Answer:
111
222
333
344
Explanation:
Let us consider the array and the two pointers with some address
a
0
1
2
3
4
100
102
104
106
108
p
100
102
104
106
108
1000 1002 1004 1006 1008
ptr
1000
2000
After execution of the instruction ptr++ value in ptr becomes 1002, if
scaling factor for integer is 2 bytes. Now ptr p is value in ptr starting
location of array p, (1002 1000) / (scaling factor) = 1, *ptr a = value at
address pointed by ptr starting value of array a, 1002 has a value 102 so
the value is (102 100)/(scaling factor) = 1, **ptr is the value stored in
the location pointed by the pointer of ptr = value pointed by value pointed
by 1002 = value pointed by 102 = 1. Hence the output of the firs printf is
1, 1, 1.
After execution of *ptr++ increments value of the value in ptr by scaling
factor, so it becomes1004. Hence, the outputs for the second printf are ptr
p = 2, *ptr a = 2, **ptr = 2.
157
After execution of *++ptr increments value of the value in ptr by scaling
factor, so it becomes1004. Hence, the outputs for the third printf are ptr
p = 3, *ptr a = 3, **ptr = 3.
After execution of ++*ptr value in ptr remains the same, the value pointed
by the value is incremented by the scaling factor. So the value in array p at
location 1006 changes from 106 10 108,. Hence, the outputs for the fourth
printf are ptr p = 1006 1000 = 3, *ptr a = 108 100 = 4, **ptr = 4.
50)
main( )
{
char *q;
int j;
for (j=0; j<3; j++) scanf(%s ,(q+j));
}
Explanation:
Here we have only one pointer to type char and since we take input in the
same pointer thus we keep writing over in the same location, each time
shifting the pointer value by 1. Suppose the inputs are MOUSE, TRACK
and VIRTUAL. Then for the first input suppose the pointer starts at
location 100 then the input one is stored as
M
O
U
S
E
\0
When the second input is given the pointer is incremented as j value
becomes 1, so the input is filled in memory starting from 101.
M
T
R
A
C
K
\0
The third input starts filling from the location 102
M
T
V
I
R
T
U
A
L
\0
This is the final value stored .
The first printf prints the values at the position q, q+1 and q+2 = M T V
The second printf prints three strings starting from locations q, q+1, q+2
i.e MTVIRTUAL, TVIRTUAL and VIRTUAL.
51)
main( )
{
void *vp;
char ch = g, *cp = goofy;
int j = 20;
vp = &ch;
printf(%c, *(char *)vp);
vp = &j;
printf(%d,*(int *)vp);
vp = cp;
printf(%s,(char *)vp + 3);
}
Answer:
158
g20fy
Explanation:
Since a void pointer is used it can be type casted to any other type pointer.
vp = &ch stores address of char ch and the next statement prints the value
stored in vp after type casting it to the proper data type pointer. the output
is g. Similarly the output from second printf is 20. The third printf
statement type casts it to print the string from the 4 th value hence the
output is fy.
52)
main ( )
{
static char *s[ ] = {black, white, yellow, violet};
char **ptr[ ] = {s+3, s+2, s+1, s}, ***p;
p = ptr;
**++p;
printf(%s,*--*++p + 3);
}
Answer:
ck
Explanation:
In this problem we have an array of char pointers pointing to start of 4
strings. Then we have ptr which is a pointer to a pointer of type char and a
variable p which is a pointer to a pointer to a pointer of type char. p hold
the initial value of ptr, i.e. p = s+3. The next statement increment value in
p by 1 , thus now value of p = s+2. In the printf statement the expression
is evaluated *++p causes gets value s+1 then the pre decrement is
executed and we get s+1 1 = s . the indirection operator now gets the
value from the array of s and adds 3 to the starting address. The string is
printed starting from this position. Thus, the output is ck.
53)
main()
{
int i, n;
char *x = girl;
n = strlen(x);
*x = x[n];
for(i=0; i<n; ++i)
{
printf(%s\n,x);
x++;
}
}
Answer:
(blank space)
irl
rl
159
l
54)
Explanation:
Here a string (a pointer to char) is initialized with a value girl. The
strlen function returns the length of the string, thus n has a value 4. The
next statement assigns value at the nth location (\0) to the first location.
Now the string becomes \0irl . Now the printf statement prints the string
after each iteration it increments it starting position. Loop starts from 0 to
4. The first time x[0] = \0 hence it prints nothing and pointer value is
incremented. The second time it prints from x[1] i.e irl and the third
time it prints rl and the last time it prints l and the loop terminates.
int i,j;
for(i=0;i<=10;i++)
{
j+=5;
assert(i<5);
}
Answer:
Runtime error: Abnormal program termination.
assert failed (i<5), <file name>,<line number>
Explanation:
asserts are used during debugging to make sure that certain conditions are
satisfied. If assertion fails, the program will terminate reporting the same.
After debugging use,
#undef NDEBUG
and this will disable all the assertions from the source code. Assertion
is a good debugging tool to make use of.
55)
main()
{
int i=-1;
+i;
printf("i = %d, +i = %d \n",i,+i);
}
Answer:
i = -1, +i = -1
Explanation:
Unary + is the only dummy operator in C. Where-ever it comes you can
just ignore it just because it has no effect in the expressions (hence the
name dummy operator).
56)
What are the files which are automatically opened when a C file is executed?
Answer:
stdin, stdout, stderr (standard input,standard output,standard error).
57) what will be the position of the file marker?
160
a: fseek(ptr,0,SEEK_SET);
b: fseek(ptr,0,SEEK_CUR);
Answer :
a: The SEEK_SET sets the file position marker to the starting of the file.
b: The SEEK_CUR sets the file position marker to the current position
of the file.
58)
main()
{
char name[10],s[12];
scanf(" \"%[^\"]\"",s);
}
How scanf will execute?
Answer:
First it checks for the leading white space and discards it.Then it matches
with a quotation mark and then it reads all character upto another
quotation mark.
59)
What is the problem with the following code segment?

while ((fgets(receiving array,50,file_ptr)) != EOF)
;
Answer & Explanation:
fgets returns a pointer. So the correct end of file check is checking for !=
NULL.
60)
main()
{
main();
}
Answer:
Runtime error : Stack overflow.
Explanation:
main function calls itself again and again. Each time the function is called
its return address is stored in the call stack. Since there is no condition to
terminate the function call, the call stack overflows at runtime. So it
terminates the program and results in an error.
61)
main()
{
char *cptr,c;
void *vptr,v;
c=10; v=0;
cptr=&c; vptr=&v;
printf("%c%v",c,v);
}
161
Answer:
Compiler error (at line number 4): size of v is Unknown.
Explanation:
You can create a variable of type void * but not of type void, since void is
an empty type. In the second line you are creating variable vptr of type
void * and v of type void hence an error.
62)
main()
{
char *str1="abcd";
char str2[]="abcd";
printf("%d %d %d",sizeof(str1),sizeof(str2),sizeof("abcd"));
}
Answer:
255
Explanation:
In first sizeof, str1 is a character pointer so it gives you the size of the
pointer variable. In second sizeof the name str2 indicates the name of the
array whose size is 5 (including the '\0' termination character). The third
sizeof is similar to the second one.
63)
main()
{
char not;
not=!2;
printf("%d",not);
}
Answer:
0
Explanation:
! is a logical operator. In C the value 0 is considered to be the boolean
value FALSE, and any non-zero value is considered to be the boolean
value TRUE. Here 2 is a non-zero value so TRUE. !TRUE is FALSE (0)
so it prints 0.
64)
#define FALSE -1
#define TRUE 1
#define NULL 0
main() {
if(NULL)
puts("NULL");
else if(FALSE)
puts("TRUE");
else
puts("FALSE");
}
162
Answer:
TRUE
Explanation:
The input program to the compiler after processing by the preprocessor is,
main(){
if(0)
puts("NULL");
else if(-1)
puts("TRUE");
else
puts("FALSE");
}
Preprocessor doesn't replace the values given inside the double quotes.
The check by if condition is boolean value false so it goes to else. In
second if -1 is boolean value true hence "TRUE" is printed.
65)
main()
{
int k=1;
printf("%d==1 is ""%s",k,k==1?"TRUE":"FALSE");
}
Answer:
1==1 is TRUE
Explanation:
When two strings are placed together (or separated by white-space) they
are concatenated (this is called as "stringization" operation). So the string
is as if it is given as "%d==1 is %s". The conditional operator( ?: )
evaluates to "TRUE".
66)
main()
{
int y;
scanf("%d",&y); // input given is 2000
if( (y%4==0 && y%100 != 0) || y%100 == 0 )
printf("%d is a leap year");
else
printf("%d is not a leap year");
}
Answer:
2000 is a leap year
Explanation:
An ordinary program to check if leap year or not.
67)
#define max 5
#define int arr1[max]
main()
163
{
typedef char arr2[max];
arr1 list={0,1,2,3,4};
arr2 name="name";
printf("%d %s",list[0],name);
}
Answer:
Compiler error (in the line arr1 list = {0,1,2,3,4})
Explanation:
arr2 is declared of type array of size 5 of characters. So it can be used to
declare the variable name of the type arr2. But it is not the case of arr1.
Hence an error.
Rule of Thumb:
#defines are used for textual replacement whereas typedefs are used for
declaring new types.
68)
int i=10;
main()
{
extern int i;
{
int i=20;
{
const volatile unsigned i=30;
printf("%d",i);
}
printf("%d",i);
}
printf("%d",i);
}
Answer:
30,20,10
Explanation:
'{' introduces new block and thus new scope. In the innermost block i is
declared as,
const volatile unsigned
which is a valid declaration. i is assumed of type int. So printf prints 30. In
the next block, i has value 20 and so printf prints 20. In the outermost
block, i is declared as extern, so no storage space is allocated for it. After
compilation is over the linker resolves it to global variable i (since it is the
only variable visible there). So it prints i's value as 10.
69)
main()
{
int *j;
{
164
int i=10;
j=&i;
}
printf("%d",*j);
}
Answer:
10
Explanation:
The variable i is a block level variable and the visibility is inside that
block only. But the lifetime of i is lifetime of the function so it lives upto
the exit of main function. Since the i is still allocated space, *j prints the
value stored in i since j points i.
70)
main()
{
int i=-1;
-i;
printf("i = %d, -i = %d \n",i,-i);
}
Answer:
i = -1, -i = 1
Explanation:
-i is executed and this execution doesn't affect the value of i. In printf first
you just print the value of i. After that the value of the expression -i = -(-1)
is printed.
71)
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
const int i=4;
float j;
j = ++i;
printf("%d %f", i,++j);
}
Answer:
Compiler error
Explanation:
i is a constant. you cannot change the value of constant
72)
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int a[2][2][2] = { {10,2,3,4}, {5,6,7,8} };
int *p,*q;
p=&a[2][2][2];
*q=***a;
165
printf("%d..%d",*p,*q);
}
Answer:
garbagevalue..1
Explanation:
p=&a[2][2][2] you declare only two 2D arrays. but you are trying to
access the third 2D(which you are not declared) it will print garbage
values. *q=***a starting address of a is assigned integer pointer. now q is
pointing to starting address of a.if you print *q meAnswer:it will print first
element of 3D array.
73)
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
register i=5;
char j[]= "hello";
printf("%s %d",j,i);
}
Answer:
hello 5
Explanation:
if you declare i as register compiler will treat it as ordinary integer and it
will take integer value. i value may be stored either in register or in
memory.
74)
main()
{
int i=5,j=6,z;
printf("%d",i+++j);
}
Answer:
11
Explanation:
the expression i+++j is treated as (i++ + j)
76)
struct aaa{
struct aaa *prev;
int i;
struct aaa *next;
};
main()
{
struct aaa abc,def,ghi,jkl;
int x=100;
abc.i=0;abc.prev=&jkl;
abc.next=&def;
166
def.i=1;def.prev=&abc;def.next=&ghi;
ghi.i=2;ghi.prev=&def;
ghi.next=&jkl;
jkl.i=3;jkl.prev=&ghi;jkl.next=&abc;
x=abc.next->next->prev->next->i;
printf("%d",x);
}
Answer:
2
Explanation:
above all statements form a double circular linked list;
abc.next->next->prev->next->i
this one points to "ghi" node the value of at particular node is 2.
77)
struct point
{
int x;
int y;
};
struct point origin,*pp;
main()
{
pp=&origin;
printf("origin is(%d%d)\n",(*pp).x,(*pp).y);
printf("origin is (%d%d)\n",pp->x,pp->y);
}
Answer:
origin is(0,0)
origin is(0,0)
Explanation:
pp is a pointer to structure. we can access the elements of the structure
either with arrow mark or with indirection operator.
Note:
Since structure point is globally declared x & y are initialized as zeroes
78)
main()
{
int i=_l_abc(10);
printf("%d\n",--i);
}
int _l_abc(int i)
{
return(i++);
}
Answer:
167
9
Explanation:
return(i++) it will first return i and then increments. i.e. 10 will be
returned.
79)
main()
{
char *p;
int *q;
long *r;
p=q=r=0;
p++;
q++;
r++;
}
Answer:
0001...0002...0004
Explanation:
++ operator when applied to pointers increments address according to
their corresponding data-types.
80)
main()
{
char c=' ',x,convert(z);
getc(c);
if((c>='a') && (c<='z'))
x=convert(c);
printf("%c",x);
}
convert(z)
{
return z-32;
}
Answer:
Compiler error
Explanation:
declaration of convert and format of getc() are wrong.
81)
main(int argc, char **argv)

{
printf("enter the character");
getchar();
sum(argv[1],argv[2]);
}
sum(num1,num2)
168
int num1,num2;
{
return num1+num2;
}
Answer:
Compiler error.
Explanation:
argv[1] & argv[2] are strings. They are passed to the function sum without
converting it to integer values.
82)
# include <stdio.h>
int one_d[]={1,2,3};
main()
{
int *ptr;
ptr=one_d;
ptr+=3;
printf("%d",*ptr);
}
Answer:
garbage value
Explanation:
ptr pointer is pointing to out of the array range of one_d.
83)
# include<stdio.h>
aaa() {
printf("hi");
}
bbb(){
printf("hello");
}
ccc(){
printf("bye");
}
main()
{
int (*ptr[3])();
ptr[0]=aaa;
ptr[1]=bbb;
ptr[2]=ccc;
ptr[2]();
}
Answer:
bye
Explanation:
169
ptr is array of pointers to functions of return type int.ptr[0] is assigned to
address of the function aaa. Similarly ptr[1] and ptr[2] for bbb and ccc
respectively. ptr[2]() is in effect of writing ccc(), since ptr[2] points to ccc.
85)
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
FILE *ptr;
char i;
ptr=fopen("zzz.c","r");
while((i=fgetch(ptr))!=EOF)
printf("%c",i);
}
Answer:
contents of zzz.c followed by an infinite loop
Explanation:
The condition is checked against EOF, it should be checked against
NULL.
86)
main()
{
int i =0;j=0;
if(i && j++)
printf("%d..%d",i++,j);
printf("%d..%d,i,j);
}
Answer:
0..0
Explanation:
The value of i is 0. Since this information is enough to determine the truth
value of the boolean expression. So the statement following the if
statement is not executed. The values of i and j remain unchanged and get
printed.
87)
main()
{
int i;
i = abc();
printf("%d",i);
}
abc()
{
_AX = 1000;
}
Answer:
1000
170
Explanation:
Normally the return value from the function is through the information
from the accumulator. Here _AH is the pseudo global variable denoting
the accumulator. Hence, the value of the accumulator is set 1000 so the
function returns value 1000.
88)
int i;
main(){
int t;
for ( t=4;scanf("%d",&i)-t;printf("%d\n",i))
printf("%d--",t--);
}
// If the inputs are 0,1,2,3 find the o/p
Answer:
4--0
3--1
2--2
Explanation:
Let us assume some x= scanf("%d",&i)-t the values during execution
will be,
t
i
x
4
0
-4
3
1
-2
2
2
0
89)
main(){
int a= 0;int b = 20;char x =1;char y =10;
if(a,b,x,y)
printf("hello");
}
Answer:
hello
Explanation:
The comma operator has associativity from left to right. Only the
rightmost value is returned and the other values are evaluated and ignored.
Thus the value of last variable y is returned to check in if. Since it is a non
zero value if becomes true so, "hello" will be printed.
90)
main(){
unsigned int i;
for(i=1;i>-2;i--)
printf("c aptitude");
}
Explanation:
i is an unsigned integer. It is compared with a signed value. Since the both
types doesn't match, signed is promoted to unsigned value. The unsigned
171
equivalent of -2 is a huge value so condition becomes false and control
comes out of the loop.
91)
In the following pgm add a stmt in the function fun such that the address of
'a' gets stored in 'j'.
main(){
int * j;
void fun(int **);
fun(&j);
}
void fun(int **k) {
int a =0;
/* add a stmt here*/
}
Answer:
*k = &a
Explanation:
The argument of the function is a pointer to a pointer.
92)
What are the following notations of defining functions known as?

i.
int abc(int a,float b)
{
/* some code */
}
ii. int abc(a,b)
int a; float b;
{
/* some code*/
}
Answer:
i. ANSI C notation
ii. Kernighan & Ritche notation
93)
main()
{
char *p;
p="%d\n";
p++;
p++;
printf(p-2,300);
}
Answer:
300
Explanation:
The pointer points to % since it is incremented twice and again
decremented by 2, it points to '%d\n' and 300 is printed.
172
94)
main(){
char a[100];
a[0]='a';a[1]]='b';a[2]='c';a[4]='d';
abc(a);
}
abc(char a[]){
a++;
printf("%c",*a);
a++;
printf("%c",*a);
}
Explanation:
The base address is modified only in function and as a result a points to 'b'
then after incrementing to 'c' so bc will be printed.
95)
func(a,b)
int a,b;
{
return( a= (a==b) );
}
main()
{
int process(),func();
printf("The value of process is %d !\n ",process(func,3,6));
}
process(pf,val1,val2)
int (*pf) ();
int val1,val2;
{
return((*pf) (val1,val2));
}
Answer:
The value if process is 0 !
Explanation:
The function 'process' has 3 parameters - 1, a pointer to another function 2
and 3, integers. When this function is invoked from main, the following
substitutions for formal parameters take place: func for pf, 3 for val1 and 6
for val2. This function returns the result of the operation performed by the
function 'func'. The function func has two integer parameters. The formal
parameters are substituted as 3 for a and 6 for b. since 3 is not equal to 6,
a==b returns 0. therefore the function returns 0 which in turn is returned
by the function 'process'.
96)
void main()
{
173
static int i=5;
if(--i){
main();
printf("%d ",i);
}
}
Answer:
0000
Explanation:
The variable "I" is declared as static, hence memory for I will be allocated
for only once, as it encounters the statement. The function main() will be called
recursively unless I becomes equal to 0, and since main() is recursively called, so
the value of static I ie., 0 will be printed every time the control is returned.
97)
void main()
{
int k=ret(sizeof(float));
printf("\n here value is %d",++k);
}
int ret(int ret)
{
ret += 2.5;
return(ret);
}
Answer:
Here value is 7
Explanation:
The int ret(int ret), ie., the function name and the argument name can be
the same.
Firstly, the function ret() is called in which the sizeof(float) ie., 4 is
passed, after the first expression the value in ret will be 6, as ret is integer hence
the value stored in ret will have implicit type conversion from float to int. The ret
is returned in main() it is printed after and preincrement.
98)
void main()
{
char a[]="12345\0";
int i=strlen(a);
printf("here in 3 %d\n",++i);
}
Answer:
here in 3 6
Explanation:
The char array 'a' will hold the initialized string, whose length will be
counted from 0 till the null character. Hence the 'I' will hold the value equal to 5,
after the pre-increment in the printf statement, the 6 will be printed.
174
99)
void main()
{
unsigned giveit=-1;
int gotit;
printf("%u ",++giveit);
printf("%u \n",gotit=--giveit);
}
Answer:
0 65535
Explanation:
100)
void main()
{
int i;
char a[]="\0";
if(printf("%s\n",a))
printf("Ok here \n");
else
printf("Forget it\n");
}
Answer:
Ok here
Explanation:
Printf will return how many characters does it print. Hence printing
a null character returns 1 which makes the if statement true, thus
"Ok here" is printed.
101)
void main()
{
void *v;
int integer=2;
int *i=&integer;
v=i;
printf("%d",(int*)*v);
}
Answer:
Compiler Error. We cannot apply indirection on type void*.
Explanation:
Void pointer is a generic pointer type. No pointer arithmetic can be
done on it. Void pointers are normally used for,
1. Passing generic pointers to functions and returning such pointers.
2. As a intermediate pointer type.
3. Used when the exact pointer type will be known at a later point of
time.
175
102)
void main()
{
int i=i++,j=j++,k=k++;
printf(%d%d%d,i,j,k);
}
Answer:
Garbage values.
Explanation:
An identifier is available to use in program code from the point of its
declaration.
So expressions such as i = i++ are valid statements. The i, j and k are
automatic variables and so they contain some garbage value. Garbage in
is garbage out (GIGO).
103)
void main()
{
static int i=i++, j=j++, k=k++;
printf(i = %d j = %d k = %d, i, j, k);
}
Answer:
i=1j=1k=1
Explanation:
Since static variables are initialized to zero by default.
104)
void main()
{
while(1){
if(printf("%d",printf("%d")))
break;
else
continue;
}
}
Answer:
Garbage values
Explanation:
The inner printf executes first to print some garbage value. The printf
returns no of characters printed and this value also cannot be predicted.
Still the outer printf prints something and so returns a non-zero value. So
it encounters the break statement and comes out of the while statement.
104)
main()
{
unsigned int i=10;
while(i-->=0)
176
printf("%u ",i);
}
Answer:
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 65535 65534..
Explanation:
Since i is an unsigned integer it can never become negative. So the
expression i-- >=0 will always be true, leading to an infinite loop.
105)
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
int x,y=2,z,a;
if(x=y%2) z=2;
a=2;
printf("%d %d ",z,x);
}
Answer:
Garbage-value 0
Explanation:
The value of y%2 is 0. This value is assigned to x. The condition reduces
to if (x) or in other words if(0) and so z goes uninitialized.
Thumb Rule: Check all control paths to write bug free code.
106)
main()
{
int a[10];
printf("%d",*a+1-*a+3);
}
Answer:
4
Explanation:
*a and -*a cancels out. The result is as simple as 1 + 3 = 4 !
107)
#define prod(a,b) a*b

main()
{
int x=3,y=4;
printf("%d",prod(x+2,y-1));
}
Answer:
10
Explanation:
The macro expands and evaluates to as:
x+2*y-1 => x+(2*y)-1 => 10
177
108)
main()
{
unsigned int i=65000;
while(i++!=0);
printf("%d",i);
}
Answer:
1
Explanation:
Note the semicolon after the while statement. When the value of i
becomes 0 it comes out of while loop. Due to post-increment on i the
value of i while printing is 1.
109)
main()
{
int i=0;
while(+(+i--)!=0)
i-=i++;
printf("%d",i);
}
Answer:
-1
Explanation:
Unary + is the only dummy operator in C. So it has no effect on the
expression and now the while loop is,
while(i--!=0) which is false
and so breaks out of while loop. The value 1 is printed due to the postdecrement operator.
113)
main()
{
float f=5,g=10;
enum{i=10,j=20,k=50};
printf("%d\n",++k);
printf("%f\n",f<<2);
printf("%lf\n",f%g);
printf("%lf\n",fmod(f,g));
}
Answer:
Line no 5: Error: Lvalue required
Line no 6: Cannot apply leftshift to float
Line no 7: Cannot apply mod to float
Explanation:
Enumeration constants cannot be modified, so you cannot apply ++.
Bit-wise operators and % operators cannot be applied on float values.
fmod() is to find the modulus values for floats as % operator is for ints.
178
110)
main()
{
int i=10;
void pascal f(int,int,int);
f(i++,i++,i++);
printf(" %d",i);
}
void pascal f(integer :i,integer:j,integer :k)
{
write(i,j,k);
}
Answer:
Compiler error: unknown type integer
Compiler error: undeclared function write
Explanation:
Pascal keyword doesnt mean that pascal code can be used. It means that
the function follows Pascal argument passing mechanism in calling the functions.
111)
void pascal f(int i,int j,int k)

{
printf(%d %d %d,i, j, k);
}
void cdecl f(int i,int j,int k)
{
}
main()
{
int i=10;
f(i++,i++,i++);
printf(" %d\n",i);
i=10;
f(i++,i++,i++);
printf(" %d",i);
}
Answer:
10 11 12 13
12 11 10 13
Explanation:
Pascal argument passing mechanism forces the arguments to be called
from left to right. cdecl is the normal C argument passing mechanism where the
arguments are passed from right to left.
112). What is the output of the program given below

main()
179
{
signed char i=0;
for(;i>=0;i++) ;
printf("%d\n",i);
}
Answer
-128
Explanation
Notice the semicolon at the end of the for loop. THe initial value of
the i is set to 0. The inner loop executes to increment the value
from 0 to 127 (the positive range of char) and then it rotates to the
negative value of -128. The condition in the for loop fails and so
comes out of the for loop. It prints the current value of i that is
-128.
113) main()
{
unsigned char i=0;
for(;i>=0;i++) ;
printf("%d\n",i);
}
Answer
infinite loop
Explanation
The difference between the previous question and this one is that the char
is declared to be unsigned. So the i++ can never yield negative value and i>=0
never becomes false so that it can come out of the for loop.
114) main()
{
char i=0;
for(;i>=0;i++) ;
printf("%d\n",i);
}
Answer:
Behavior is implementation dependent.
Explanation:
The detail if the char is signed/unsigned by default is
implementation dependent. If the implementation treats the char to be
signed by default the program will print 128 and terminate. On the other
hand if it considers char to be unsigned by default, it goes to infinite loop.
Rule:
You can write programs that have implementation dependent
behavior. But dont write programs that depend on such behavior.
180
115) Is the following statement a declaration/definition. Find what does it mean?
int (*x)[10];
Answer
Definition.
x is a pointer to array of(size 10) integers.
Apply clock-wise rule to find the meaning of this definition.
116). What is the output for the program given below
typedef enum errorType{warning, error, exception,}error;
main()
{
error g1;
g1=1;
printf("%d",g1);
}
Answer
Compiler error: Multiple declaration for error
Explanation
The name error is used in the two meanings. One means that it is a
enumerator constant with value 1. The another use is that it is a type name
(due to typedef) for enum errorType. Given a situation the compiler
cannot distinguish the meaning of error to know in what sense the error is
used:
error g1;
g1=error;
// which error it refers in each case?
When the compiler can distinguish between usages then it will not
issue error (in pure technical terms, names can only be overloaded in
different namespaces).
Note: the extra comma in the declaration,
enum errorType{warning, error, exception,}
is not an error. An extra comma is valid and is provided just for
programmers convenience.
117)
typedef struct error{int warning, error, exception;}error;

main()
{
error g1;
g1.error =1;
printf("%d",g1.error);
}
181
Answer
1
Explanation
The three usages of name errors can be distinguishable by the compiler at
any instance, so valid (they are in different namespaces).
Typedef struct error{int warning, error, exception;}error;
This error can be used only by preceding the error by struct kayword as in:
struct error someError;
This can be used only after . (dot) or -> (arrow) operator preceded by the variable
name as in :
g1.error =1;
This can be used to define variables without using the preceding struct keyword
as in:
error g1;
Since the compiler can perfectly distinguish between these three usages, it is
perfectly legal and valid.
Note
This code is given here to just explain the concept behind. In real
programming dont use such overloading of names. It reduces the readability of
the code. Possible doesnt mean that we should use it!
118)
#ifdef something
int some=0;
#endif
main()
{
int thing = 0;
printf("%d %d\n", some ,thing);
}
Answer:
Compiler error : undefined symbol some
Explanation:
This is a very simple example for conditional compilation. The
name something is not already known to the compiler making the
declaration
int some = 0;
effectively removed from the source code.
119)
#if something == 0
int some=0;
182
#endif
main()
{
int thing = 0;
}
Answer
00
Explanation
This code is to show that preprocessor expressions are not the
same as the ordinary expressions. If a name is not known the
preprocessor treats it to be equal to zero.
120). What is the output for the following program
main()
{
int arr2D[3][3];
printf("%d\n", ((arr2D==* arr2D)&&(* arr2D == arr2D[0])) );
}
Answer
1
Explanation
This is due to the close relation between the arrays and pointers. N
dimensional arrays are made up of (N-1) dimensional arrays.
arr2D is made up of a 3 single arrays that contains 3 integers each .
arr2D
arr2D[1]
arr2D[2]
arr2D[3]
The name arr2D refers to the beginning of all the 3 arrays. *arr2D
refers to the start of the first 1D array (of 3 integers) that is the
same address as arr2D. So the expression (arr2D == *arr2D) is true
(1).
Similarly, *arr2D is nothing but *(arr2D + 0), adding a zero
doesnt change the value/meaning. Again arr2D[0] is the another
way of telling *(arr2D + 0). So the expression (*(arr2D + 0) ==
arr2D[0]) is true (1).
183
Since both parts of the expression evaluates to true the result is
true(1) and the same is printed.
121) void main()
{
if(~0 == (unsigned int)-1)
printf(You can answer this if you know how values are represented in
memory);
}
Answer
You can answer this if you know how values are represented in
memory
Explanation
~ (tilde operator or bit-wise negation operator) operates on 0 to
produce all ones to fill the space for an integer. 1 is represented in
unsigned value as all 1s and so both are equal.
122) int swap(int *a,int *b)
{
*a=*a+*b;*b=*a-*b;*a=*a-*b;
}
main()
{
int x=10,y=20;
swap(&x,&y);
}
Answer
x = 20 y = 10
Explanation
This is one way of swapping two values. Simple checking will help
understand this.
123)
main()
{
char *p = ayqm;
printf(%c,++*(p++));
}
Answer:
b
124)
main()
{
int i=5;
printf("%d",++i++);
}
184
Answer:
Explanation:
++i yields an rvalue. For postfix ++ to operate an lvalue is
required.
125)
main()
{
char *p = ayqm;
char c;
c = ++*p++;
printf(%c,c);
}
Answer:
b
Explanation:
There is no difference between the expression ++*(p++) and +
+*p++. Parenthesis just works as a visual clue for the reader to see
which expression is first evaluated.
126)
int aaa() {printf(Hi);}
int bbb(){printf(hello);}
iny ccc(){printf(bye);}
main()
{
int ( * ptr[3]) ();
ptr[0] = aaa;
ptr[1] = bbb;
ptr[2] =ccc;
ptr[2]();
}
Answer:
bye
Explanation:
int (* ptr[3])() says that ptr is an array of pointers to functions that takes
no arguments and returns the type int. By the assignment ptr[0] = aaa; it
means that the first function pointer in the array is initialized with the
address of the function aaa. Similarly, the other two array elements also
get initialized with the addresses of the functions bbb and ccc. Since ptr[2]
contains the address of the function ccc, the call to the function ptr[2]() is
same as calling ccc(). So it results in printing "bye".
127)
main()
185
{
int i=5;
printf(%d,i=++i ==6);
}
Answer:
1
Explanation:
The expression can be treated as i = (++i==6), because == is of higher
precedence than = operator. In the inner expression, ++i is equal to 6
yielding true(1). Hence the result.
128)
main()
{
char p[ ]="%d\n";
p[1] = 'c';
printf(p,65);
}
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Due to the assignment p[1] = c the string becomes, %c\n. Since this
string becomes the format string for printf and ASCII value of 65 is A,
the same gets printed.
129)
void ( * abc( int, void ( *def) () ) ) ();

Answer::
abc is a ptr to a function which takes 2 parameters .(a). an integer
variable.(b).
a ptrto a funtion which returns void. the return type of the
function is void.
Explanation:
Apply the clock-wise rule to find the result.
130)
main()
{
while (strcmp(some,some\0))
printf(Strings are not equal\n);
}
Answer:
No output
Explanation:
Ending the string constant with \0 explicitly makes no difference. So
some and some\0 are equivalent. So, strcmp returns 0 (false) hence
breaking out of the while loop.
186
131)
main()
{
char str1[] = {s,o,m,e};
char str2[] = {s,o,m,e,\0};
while (strcmp(str1,str2))
}
Answer:
Strings are not equal
.
Explanation:
If a string constant is initialized explicitly with characters, \0 is not
appended automatically to the string. Since str1 doesnt have null
termination, it treats whatever the values that are in the following positions
as part of the string until it randomly reaches a \0. So str1 and str2 are
not the same, hence the result.
132)
main()
{
int i = 3;
for (;i++=0;) printf(%d,i);
}
Answer:
Compiler Error: Lvalue required.
Explanation:
As we know that increment operators return rvalues and hence it
cannot appear on the left hand side of an assignment operation.
133)
void main()
{
int *mptr, *cptr;
mptr = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int));
printf(%d,*mptr);
int *cptr = (int*)calloc(sizeof(int),1);
printf(%d,*cptr);
}
Answer:
garbage-value 0
Explanation:
The memory space allocated by malloc is uninitialized, whereas calloc
returns the allocated memory space initialized to zeros.
134)
void main()
187
{
static int i;
while(i<=10)
(i>2)?i++:i--;
printf(%d, i);
}
Answer:
32767
Explanation:
Since i is static it is initialized to 0. Inside the while loop the conditional
operator evaluates to false, executing i--. This continues till the integer
value rotates to positive value (32767). The while condition becomes false
and hence, comes out of the while loop, printing the i value.
135)
main()
{
int i=10,j=20;
j = i, j?(i,j)?i:j:j;
}
Answer:
10 10
Explanation:
The Ternary operator ( ? : ) is equivalent for if-then-else statement. So the
question can be written as:
if(i,j)
{
if(i,j)
j = i;
else
j = j;
}
else
j = j;
136)
1. const char *a;

2. char* const a;
3. char const *a;
-Differentiate the above declarations.
Answer:
1. 'const' applies to char * rather than 'a' ( pointer to a constant char )
*a='F'
: illegal
a="Hi"
: legal
188
2. 'const' applies to 'a' rather than to the value of a (constant pointer to

char )
*a='F'
a="Hi"
: legal
: illegal
3. Same as 1.
137)
main()
{
int i=5,j=10;
i=i&=j&&10;
}
Answer:
1 10
Explanation:
The expression can be written as i=(i&=(j&&10)); The inner expression
(j&&10) evaluates to 1 because j==10. i is 5. i = 5&1 is 1. Hence the
result.
138)
main()
{
int i=4,j=7;
j = j || i++ && printf("YOU CAN");
printf("%d %d", i, j);
}
Answer:
41
Explanation:
The boolean expression needs to be evaluated only till the truth value of
the expression is not known. j is not equal to zero itself means that the
expressions truth value is 1. Because it is followed by || and true ||
(anything) => true where (anything) will not be evaluated. So the
remaining expression is not evaluated and so the value of i remains the
same.
Similarly when && operator is involved in an expression, when any of the
operands become false, the whole expressions truth value becomes false
and hence the remaining expression will not be evaluated.
false && (anything) => false where (anything) will not be evaluated.
139)
main()
{
register int a=2;
189
printf("Address of a = %d",&a);
printf("Value of a = %d",a);
}
Answer:
Compier Error: '&' on register variable
Rule to Remember:
& (address of ) operator cannot be applied on register variables.
140)
main()
{
float i=1.5;
switch(i)
{
}
}
Answer:
Compiler Error: switch expression not integral
Explanation:
Switch statements can be applied only to integral types.
141)
main()
{
extern i;
printf("%d\n",i);
{
int i=20;
printf("%d\n",i);
}
}
Answer:
Linker Error : Unresolved external symbol i
Explanation:
The identifier i is available in the inner block and so using extern has no
use in resolving it.
142)
main()
{
int a=2,*f1,*f2;
f1=f2=&a;
*f2+=*f2+=a+=2.5;
printf("\n%d %d %d",a,*f1,*f2);
}
Answer:
190
16 16 16
Explanation:
f1 and f2 both refer to the same memory location a. So changes through f1
and f2 ultimately affects only the value of a.
143)
main()
{
char *p="GOOD";
char a[ ]="GOOD";
printf("\n sizeof(p) = %d, sizeof(*p) = %d, strlen(p) = %d", sizeof(p),
sizeof(*p), strlen(p));
printf("\n sizeof(a) = %d, strlen(a) = %d", sizeof(a), strlen(a));
}
Answer:
sizeof(p) = 2, sizeof(*p) = 1, strlen(p) = 4
sizeof(a) = 5, strlen(a) = 4
Explanation:
sizeof(p) => sizeof(char*) => 2
sizeof(*p) => sizeof(char) => 1
Similarly,
sizeof(a) => size of the character array => 5
When sizeof operator is applied to an array it returns the sizeof the array
and it is not the same as the sizeof the pointer variable. Here the sizeof(a)
where a is the character array and the size of the array is 5 because the
space necessary for the terminating NULL character should also be taken
into account.
144)
#define DIM( array, type) sizeof(array)/sizeof(type)

main()
{
int arr[10];
printf(The dimension of the array is %d, DIM(arr, int));
}
Answer:
10
Explanation:
The size of integer array of 10 elements is 10 * sizeof(int). The macro
expands to sizeof(arr)/sizeof(int) => 10 * sizeof(int) / sizeof(int) => 10.
145)
int DIM(int array[])

{
return sizeof(array)/sizeof(int );
}
main()
{
191
int arr[10];
printf(The dimension of the array is %d, DIM(arr));
}
Answer:
1
Explanation:
Arrays cannot be passed to functions as arguments and only the pointers
can be passed. So the argument is equivalent to int * array (this is one of
the very few places where [] and * usage are equivalent). The return
statement becomes, sizeof(int *)/ sizeof(int) that happens to be equal in
this case.
146)
main()
{
static int a[3][3]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
int i,j;
static *p[]={a,a+1,a+2};
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
printf("%d\t%d\t%d\t%d\n",*(*(p+i)+j),
*(*(j+p)+i),*(*(i+p)+j),*(*(p+j)+i));
}
}
Answer:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
4
7
2
5
8
3
6
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
4
7
2
5
8
3
6
9
Explanation:
*(*(p+i)+j) is equivalent to p[i][j].
147)
main()
{
void swap();
int x=10,y=8;
swap(&x,&y);
printf("x=%d y=%d",x,y);
}
void swap(int *a, int *b)
{
192
*a ^= *b, *b ^= *a, *a ^= *b;
}
Answer:
x=10 y=8
Explanation:
Using ^ like this is a way to swap two variables without using a temporary
variable and that too in a single statement.
Inside main(), void swap(); means that swap is a function that may take
any number of arguments (not no arguments) and returns nothing. So this
doesnt issue a compiler error by the call swap(&x,&y); that has two
arguments.
This convention is historically due to pre-ANSI style (referred to as
Kernighan and Ritchie style) style of function declaration. In that style, the
swap function will be defined as follows,
void swap()
int *a, int *b
{
*a ^= *b, *b ^= *a, *a ^= *b;
}
where the arguments follow the (). So naturally the declaration for swap
will look like, void swap() which means the swap can take any number of
arguments.
148)
main()
{
int i = 257;
int *iPtr = &i;
printf("%d %d", *((char*)iPtr), *((char*)iPtr+1) );
}
Answer:
11
Explanation:
The integer value 257 is stored in the memory as, 00000001 00000001, so
the individual bytes are taken by casting it to char * and get printed.
149)
main()
{
int i = 258;
int *iPtr = &i;
}
Answer:
21
Explanation:
The integer value 257 can be represented in binary as, 00000001
00000001. Remember that the INTEL machines are small-endian
193
machines. Small-endian means that the lower order bytes are stored in the
higher memory addresses and the higher order bytes are stored in lower
addresses. The integer value 258 is stored in memory as: 00000001
00000010.
150)
main()
{
int i=300;
char *ptr = &i;
*++ptr=2;
printf("%d",i);
}
Answer:
556
Explanation:
The integer value 300 in binary notation is: 00000001 00101100. It is
stored in memory (small-endian) as: 00101100 00000001. Result of the
expression *++ptr = 2 makes the memory representation as: 00101100
00000010. So the integer corresponding to it is 00000010 00101100 =>
556.
151)
#include <stdio.h>
main()
{
char * str = "hello";
char * ptr = str;
char least = 127;
while (*ptr++)
least = (*ptr<least ) ?*ptr :least;
printf("%d",least);
}
Answer:
0
Explanation:
After ptr reaches the end of the string the value pointed by str is \0.
So the value of str is less than that of least. So the value of least
finally is 0.
152)
Declare an array of N pointers to functions returning pointers to functions

returning pointers to characters?
Answer:
(char*(*)( )) (*ptr[N])( );
153)
main()
{
struct student
194
{
char name[30];
struct date dob;
}stud;
struct date
{
int day,month,year;
};
scanf("%s%d%d%d", stud.rollno,
&student.dob.month,
&student.dob.year);
&student.dob.day,
}
Answer:
Compiler Error: Undefined structure date
Explanation:
Inside the struct definition of student the member of type struct date is
given. The compiler doesnt have the definition of date structure (forward
reference is not allowed in C in this case) so it issues an error.
154)
main()
{
struct date;
struct student
{
char name[30];
struct date dob;
}stud;
struct date
{
int day,month,year;
};
&student.dob.year);
}
Answer:
Explanation:
Only declaration of struct date is available inside the structure definition
of student but to have a variable of type struct date the definition of the
structure is required.
155)
There were 10 records stored in somefile.dat but the following program printed
11 names. What went wrong?
void main()
{
struct student
{
195
char name[30], rollno[6];
}stud;
FILE *fp = fopen(somefile.dat,r);
while(!feof(fp))
{
fread(&stud, sizeof(stud), 1 , fp);
puts(stud.name);
}
}
Explanation:
fread reads 10 records and prints the names successfully. It will
return EOF only when fread tries to read another record and fails
reading EOF (and returning EOF). So it prints the last record
again. After this only the condition feof(fp) becomes false, hence
comes out of the while loop.
156)
Is there any difference between the two declarations,

1. int foo(int *arr[]) and
2. int foo(int *arr[2])
Answer:
No
Explanation:
Functions can only pass pointers and not arrays. The numbers that are
allowed inside the [] is just for more readability. So there is no difference
between the two declarations.
157)
What is the subtle error in the following code segment?

void fun(int n, int arr[])
{
int *p=0;
int i=0;
while(i++<n)
p = &arr[i];
*p = 0;
}
If the body of the loop never executes p is assigned no address. So
p remains NULL where *p =0 may result in problem (may rise to
runtime error NULL pointer assignment and terminate the
program).
158)
What is wrong with the following code?

int *foo()
{
int *s = malloc(sizeof(int)100);
196
assert(s != NULL);
return s;
}
assert macro should be used for debugging and finding out bugs. The
check s != NULL is for error/exception handling and for that assert
shouldnt be used. A plain if and the corresponding remedy statement has
to be given.
159)
What is the hidden bug with the following statement?

assert(val++ != 0);
Assert macro is used for debugging and removed in release version. In
assert, the experssion involves side-effects. So the behavior of the code
becomes different in case of debug version and the release version thus
leading to a subtle bug.
Rule to Remember:
Dont use expressions that have side-effects in assert statements.
160)
void main()
{
int *i = 0x400; // i points to the address 400
*i = 0;
// set the value of memory location pointed by i;
}
Answer:
Undefined behavior
Explanation:
The second statement results in undefined behavior because it points to
some location whose value may not be available for modification. This
type of pointer in which the non-availability of the implementation of the
referenced location is known as 'incomplete type'.
161)
#define assert(cond) if(!(cond)) \

(fprintf(stderr, "assertion failed: %s, file %s, line %d \n",#cond,\
__FILE__,__LINE__), abort())
void main()
{
int i = 10;
if(i==0)
assert(i < 100);
else
printf("This statement becomes else for if in assert macro");
}
Answer:
No output
197
Explanation:
The else part in which the printf is there becomes the else for if in the assert
macro. Hence nothing is printed.
The solution is to use conditional operator instead of if statement,
#define assert(cond) ((cond)?(0): (fprintf (stderr, "assertion failed: \ %s, file %s,
line %d \n",#cond, __FILE__,__LINE__), abort()))
Note:
However this problem of matching with nearest else cannot be solved
by the usual method of placing the if statement inside a block like this,
#define assert(cond) { \
if(!(cond)) \
__FILE__,__LINE__), abort()) \
}
162)
Is the following code legal?

struct a
{
int x;
struct a b;
}
Answer:
No
Explanation:
Is it not legal for a structure to contain a member that is of the same
type as in this case. Because this will cause the structure declaration to be
recursive without end.
163)

struct a
{
int x;
struct a *b;
}
Answer:
Yes.
Explanation:
*b is a pointer to type struct a and so is legal. The compiler knows, the
size of the pointer to a structure even before the size of the structure
is determined(as you know the pointer to any type is of same size). This
type of structures is known as self-referencing structure.
164)

typedef struct a
{
198
int x;
aType *b;
}aType
Answer:
No
Explanation:
The typename aType is not known at the point of declaring the structure
(forward references are not made for typedefs).
165)

typedef struct a aType;
struct a
{
int x;
aType *b;
};
Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
The typename aType is known at the point of declaring the structure,
because it is already typedefined.
166)

void main()
{
aType someVariable;
struct a
{
int x;
aType *b;
};
}
Answer:
No
Explanation:
When the declaration,
is encountered body of struct a is not known. This is known as incomplete
types.
167)
void main()
{
printf(sizeof (void *) = %d \n, sizeof( void *));
printf(sizeof (int *) = %d \n, sizeof(int *));
printf(sizeof (double *) = %d \n, sizeof(double *));
199
printf(sizeof(struct unknown *) = %d \n, sizeof(struct unknown *));
}
Answer
:
sizeof (void *) = 2
sizeof (int *) = 2
sizeof (double *) = 2
sizeof(struct unknown *) = 2
Explanation:
The pointer to any type is of same size.
168)
char inputString[100] = {0};

To get string input from the keyboard which one of the following is better?
1) gets(inputString)
2) fgets(inputString, sizeof(inputString), fp)
The second one is better because gets(inputString) doesn't know the size
of the string passed and so, if a very big input (here, more than 100 chars)
the charactes will be written past the input string. When fgets is used with
stdin performs the same operation as gets but is safe.
169)
Which version do you prefer of the following two,

1) printf(%s,str); // or the more curt one
2) printf(str);
Prefer the first one. If the str contains any format characters like %d then
it will result in a subtle bug.
170)
void main()
{
int i=10, j=2;
int *ip= &i, *jp = &j;
int k = *ip/*jp;
printf(%d,k);
}
Answer:
Compiler Error: Unexpected end of file in comment started in line 5.
Explanation:
The programmer intended to divide two integers, but by the
maximum munch rule, the compiler treats the operator
sequence / and * as /* which happens to be the starting of
comment. To force what is intended by the programmer,
int k = *ip/ *jp;
// give space explicity separating / and *
//or
int k = *ip/(*jp);
// put braces to force the intention
200
will solve the problem.
171)
void main()
{
char ch;
for(ch=0;ch<=127;ch++)
printf(%c %d \n, ch, ch);
}
Answer:
Implementaion dependent
Explanation:
The char type may be signed or unsigned by default. If it is signed then
ch++ is executed after ch reaches 127 and rotates back to -128. Thus ch is
always smaller than 127.
172)
Is this code legal?

int *ptr;
ptr = (int *) 0x400;
Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
The pointer ptr will point at the integer in the memory location 0x400.
173)
main()
{
char a[4]="HELLO";
printf("%s",a);
}
Answer:
Compiler error: Too many initializers
Explanation:
The array a is of size 4 but the string constant requires 6 bytes to get
stored.
174)
main()
{
char a[4]="HELL";
printf("%s",a);
}
Answer:
HELL%@!~@!@???@~~!
Explanation:
The character array has the memory just enough to hold the string
HELL and doesnt have enough space to store the terminating null
character. So it prints the HELL correctly and continues to print garbage
values till it accidentally comes across a NULL character.
201
175)
main()
{
int a=10,*j;
void *k;
j=k=&a;
j++;
k++;
printf("\n %u %u ",j,k);
}
Answer:
Compiler error: Cannot increment a void pointer
Explanation:
Void pointers are generic pointers and they can be used only when the
type is not known and as an intermediate address storage type. No pointer
arithmetic can be done on it and you cannot apply indirection operator (*)
on void pointers.
176)
main()
{
{
{
extern int i;
int i=20;
const volatile unsigned i=30; printf("%d",i);
}
printf("%d",i);
}
printf("%d",i);
}
int i;
177)
Printf can be implemented by using __________ list.

Answer:
Variable length argument lists
178) char *someFun()
{
char *temp = string constant";
return temp;
}
int main()
{
puts(someFun());
}
Answer:
string constant
Explanation:
202
The program suffers no problem and gives the output correctly because the
character constants are stored in code/data area and not allocated in stack, so this doesnt
lead to dangling pointers.
179)
char *someFun1()
{
char temp[ ] = string";
return temp;
}
char *someFun2()
{
char temp[ ] = {s, t,r,i,n,g};
return temp;
}
int main()
{
puts(someFun1());
puts(someFun2());
}
Answer:
Garbage values.
Explanation:
Both the functions suffer from the problem of dangling pointers. In someFun1()
temp is a character array and so the space for it is allocated in heap and is initialized with
character string string. This is created dynamically as the function is called, so is also
deleted dynamically on exiting the function so the string data is not available in the
calling function main() leading to print some garbage values. The function someFun2()
also suffers from the same problem but the problem can be easily identified in this case.
C Aptitude
Aptitude
Note : All the programs are tested under Turbo C/C++ compilers.
It is assumed that,
Programs run under DOS environment,
The underlying machine is an x86 system,
Predict the output or error(s) for the following:
26. void main()
{
int const * p=5;
203
}
Answer:
Compiler error: Cannot modify a constant value.
Explanation:
p is a pointer to a "constant integer". But we tried to change the value of
the "constant integer".
27. main()
{
char s[ ]="man";
int i;
for(i=0;s[ i ];i++)
}
Answer:
mmmm
aaaa
nnnn
Explanation:
s[i], *(i+s), *(s+i), i[s] are all different ways of expressing the same idea.
Generally array name is the base address for that array. Here s is the base address. i is the
index number/displacement from the base address. So, indirecting it with * is same as
s[i]. i[s] may be surprising. But in the case of C it is same as s[i].
28. main()
{
float me = 1.1;
double you = 1.1;
if(me==you)
printf("I love U");
else
printf("I hate U");
}
Answer:
I hate U
Explanation:
Rule of Thumb:
204
Never compare or at-least be cautious when using floating point numbers
with relational operators (== , >, <, <=, >=,!= ) .
29. main()
{
static int var = 5;
if(var)
main();
}
Answer:
54321
Explanation:
When static storage class is given, it is initialized once. The change in the
value of a static variable is retained even between the function calls. Main is also treated
like any other ordinary function, which can be called recursively.
30. main()
{
int c[ ]={2.8,3.4,4,6.7,5};
int j,*p=c,*q=c;
for(j=0;j<5;j++) {
printf(" %d ",*c);
++q; }
for(j=0;j<5;j++){
printf(" %d ",*p);
++p; }
}
Answer:
2222223465
Explanation:
Initially pointer c is assigned to both p and q. In the first loop, since only q
is incremented and not c , the value 2 will be printed 5 times. In second loop p itself is
incremented. So the values 2 3 4 6 5 will be printed.
31. main()
{
extern int i;
i=20;
printf("%d",i);
}
Answer:
Linker Error : Undefined symbol '_i'
Explanation:
extern storage class in the following declaration,
extern int i;
205
specifies to the compiler that the memory for i is allocated in some other program and
that address will be given to the current program at the time of linking. But linker finds
that no other variable of name i is available in any other program with memory space
allocated for it. Hence a linker error has occurred .
32. main()
{
int i=-1,j=-1,k=0,l=2,m;
m=i++&&j++&&k++||l++;
}
Answer:
00131
Explanation :
AND (&&) operator has higher priority over the logical OR (||) operator. So the
expression i++ && j++ && k++ is executed first. The result of this expression is 0 (1 && -1 && 0 = 0). Now the expression is 0 || 2 which evaluates to 1 (because OR
operator always gives 1 except for 0 || 0 combination- for which it gives 0). So the value
of m is 1. The values of other variables are also incremented by 1.
33. main()
{
char *p;
}
Answer:
12
Explanation:
The sizeof() operator gives the number of bytes taken by its operand. P is
a character pointer, which needs one byte for storing its value (a character). Hence
sizeof(*p) gives a value of 1. Since it needs two bytes to store the address of the character
pointer sizeof(p) gives 2.
34. main()
{
int i=3;
switch(i)
{
break;
206
break;
break;
}
}
Answer :
three
Explanation :
35. main()
{
printf("%x",-1<<4);
}
Answer:
fff0
Explanation :
-1 is internally represented as all 1's. When left shifted four times the least
significant 4 bits are filled with 0's.The %x format specifier specifies that the integer
value be printed as a hexadecimal value.
36. main()
{
display(string);
}
{
}
Answer:
Compiler Error : Type mismatch in redeclaration of function display
Explanation :
In third line, when the function display is encountered, the compiler
doesn't know anything about the function display. It assumes the arguments and return
types to be integers, (which is the default type). When it sees the actual function display,
the arguments and type contradicts with what it has assumed previously. Hence a compile
time error occurs.
37. main()
{
int c=- -2;
printf("c=%d",c);
207
}
Answer:
c=2;
Explanation:
Note:
38. #define int char
main()
{
int i=65;
}
Answer:
sizeof(i)=1
Explanation:
Since the #define replaces the string int by the macro char
39. main()
{
int i=10;
i=!i>14;
printf("i=%d",i);
}
Answer:
i=0
Explanation:
(zero).
main()
{
char s[]={'a','b','c','\n','c','\0'};
char *p,*str,*str1;
p=&s[3];
str=p;
str1=s;
printf("%d",++*p + ++*str1-32);
}
Answer:
77
208
Explanation:
p is pointing to character '\n'. str1 is pointing to character 'a' ++*p. "p is pointing
to '\n' and that is incremented by one." the ASCII value of '\n' is 10, which is then
incremented to 11. The value of ++*p is 11. ++*str1, str1 is pointing to 'a' that is
incremented by 1 and it becomes 'b'. ASCII value of 'b' is 98.
Now performing (11 + 98 32), we get 77("M");
So we get the output 77 :: "M" (Ascii is 77).
main()
{
int a[2][2][2] = { {10,2,3,4}, {5,6,7,8} };
int *p,*q;
p=&a[2][2][2];
*q=***a;
}
Answer:
SomeGarbageValue---1
Explanation:
p=&a[2][2][2] you declare only two 2D arrays, but you are trying to
access the third 2D(which you are not declared) it will print garbage values. *q=***a
starting address of a is assigned integer pointer. Now q is pointing to starting address of a.
If you print *q, it will print first element of 3D array.
main()
{
struct xx
{
int x=3;
};
struct xx *s;
printf("%d",s->x);
}
Answer:
Compiler Error
Explanation:
You should not initialize variables in declaration
main()
{
209
struct xx
{
int x;
struct yy
{
char s;
struct xx *p;
};
struct yy *q;
};
}
Answer:
Compiler Error
Explanation:
The structure yy is nested within structure xx. Hence, the elements are of
yy are to be accessed through the instance of structure xx, which needs an instance of yy
to be known. If the instance is created after defining the structure the compiler will not
know about the instance relative to xx. Hence for nested structure yy you have to declare
member.
44. main()
{
printf("\nab");
printf("\bsi");
printf("\rha");
}
Answer:
hai
Explanation:
\n - newline
\b - backspace
\r - linefeed
45. main()
{
int i=5;
}
Answer:
45545
Explanation:
right. The evaluation is by popping out from the stack. and the evaluation is from right to
left, hence the result.
210
main()
{
int i;
i = 64/square(4);
printf("%d",i);
}
Answer:
64
Explanation:
the macro call square(4) will substituted by 4*4 so the expression becomes
i = 64/4*4 . Since / and * has equal priority the expression will be evaluated as (64/4)*4
i.e. 16*4 = 64
47. main()
{
p1=p;
while(*p!='\0') ++*p++;
}
Answer:
ibj!gsjfoet
Explanation:
++*p++ will be parse in the given order
*p that is value at the location currently pointed by p will be taken
++*p the retrieved value will be incremented
when ; is encountered the location will be incremented that is p++ will be executed
Hence, in the while loop initial value pointed by p is h, which is changed to i by
executing ++*p and pointer moves to point, a which is similarly changed to b and so
on. Similarly blank space is converted to !. Thus, we obtain value in p becomes ibj!
gsjfoet and since p reaches \0 and p1 points to p thus p1doesnot print anything.
#define a 10
main()
{
#define a 50
printf("%d",a);
}
Answer:
50
Explanation:
The preprocessor directives can be redefined anywhere in the program. So
the most recently assigned value will be taken.
211

main()
{
clrscr();
}
Answer:
100
Explanation:
Preprocessor executes as a seperate pass before the execution of the
compiler. So textual replacement of clrscr() to 100 occurs.The input program to compiler
looks like this :
main()
{
100;
printf("%d\n",100);
}
Note:
100; is an executable statement but with no action. So it doesn't give any
problem
50. main()
{
printf("%p",main);
}
Answer:
Some address will be printed.
Explanation:
Function names are just addresses (just like array names are addresses).
main() is also a function. So the address of function main will be printed. %p in printf
specifies that the argument is an address. They are printed as hexadecimal numbers.
27)
main()
{
clrscr();
}
clrscr();
Answer:
No output/error
Explanation:
The first clrscr() occurs inside a function. So it becomes a function call. In
the second clrscr(); is a function declaration (because it is not inside any
function).
212
28)

main()
{
return(1);
}
Answer:
0..1..2
Explanation:
enum assigns numbers starting from 0, if not explicitly defined.
29)
void main()
{
char far *farther,*farthest;
printf("%d..%d",sizeof(farther),sizeof(farthest));
}
Answer:
4..2
Explanation:
the second pointer is of char type and not a far pointer
30)
main()
{
int i=400,j=300;
printf("%d..%d");
}
Answer:
400..300
Explanation:
printf takes the values of the first two assignments of the program. Any
number of printf's may be given. All of them take only the first two
values. If more number of assignments given in the program,then printf
will take garbage values.
31)
main()
{
char *p;
213
p="Hello";
}
Answer:
H
Explanation:
* is a dereference operator & is a reference operator. They can be
applied any number of times provided it is meaningful. Here p points to
the first character in the string "Hello". *p dereferences it and so its value
is H. Again & references it to an address and * dereferences it to the value
H.
32)
main()
{
int i=1;
while (i<=5)
{
printf("%d",i);
if (i>2)
goto here;
i++;
}
}
fun()
{
here:
printf("PP");
}
Answer:
Compiler error: Undefined label 'here' in function main
Explanation:
Labels have functions scope, in other words The scope of the labels is
limited to functions . The label 'here' is available in function fun() Hence it
is not visible in function main.
33)
main()
{
int i;
char *t;
t=names[3];
names[3]=names[4];
names[4]=t;
for (i=0;i<=4;i++)
}
214
Answer:
Explanation:
Array names are pointer constants. So it cannot be modified.
34)
void main()
{
int i=5;
printf("%d",i++ + ++i);
}
Answer:
Output Cannot be predicted exactly.
Explanation:
Side effects are involved in the evaluation of i
35)
void main()
{
int i=5;
printf("%d",i+++++i);
}
Answer:
Compiler Error
Explanation:
The expression i+++++i is parsed as i ++ ++ + i which is an illegal
combination of operators.
36)
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int i=1,j=2;
switch(i)
{
break;
break;
}
}
Answer:
Explanation:
Note:
215
37)
main()
{
int i;
}
Answer:
1
Explanation:
of items read is 1.
38)
#define f(g,g2) g##g2

main()
{
int var12=100;
}
Answer:
100
39)
main()
{
int i=0;
printf("%d",i);
}
Answer:
1
Explanation:
40)
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
char s[]={'a','b','c','\n','c','\0'};
char *p,*str,*str1;
p=&s[3];
str=p;
str1=s;
printf("%d",++*p + ++*str1-32);
}
216
Answer:
M
Explanation:
p is pointing to character '\n'.str1 is pointing to character 'a' ++*p
meAnswer:"p is pointing to '\n' and that is incremented by one." the ASCII
value of '\n' is 10. then it is incremented to 11. the value of ++*p is 11. +
+*str1 meAnswer:"str1 is pointing to 'a' that is incremented by 1 and it
becomes 'b'. ASCII value of 'b' is 98. both 11 and 98 is added and result is
subtracted from 32.
i.e. (11+98-32)=77("M");
41)
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
struct xx
{
int x=3;
};
struct xx *s=malloc(sizeof(struct xx));
printf("%d",s->x);
}
Answer:
Compiler Error
Explanation:
Initialization should not be done for structure members inside the structure
declaration
42)
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
struct xx
{
int x;
struct yy
{
char s;
struct xx *p;
};
struct yy *q;
};
}
Answer:
Compiler Error
Explanation:
217
in the end of nested structure yy a member have to be declared.
43)
main()
{
extern int i;
i=20;
}
Answer:
Linker error: undefined symbol '_i'.
Explanation:
extern declaration specifies that the variable i is defined somewhere else.
The compiler passes the external variable to be resolved by the linker. So
compiler doesn't find an error. During linking the linker searches for the
definition of i. Since it is not found the linker flags an error.
44)
main()
{
printf("%d", out);
}
int out=100;
Answer:
Compiler error: undefined symbol out in function main.
Explanation:
The rule is that a variable is available for use from the point of declaration.
Even though a is a global variable, it is not available for main. Hence an
error.
45)
main()
{
extern out;
printf("%d", out);
}
int out=100;
Answer:
100
Explanation:
This is the correct way of writing the previous program.
46)
main()
{
show();
}
void show()
{
218
}
Answer:
Compier error: Type mismatch in redeclaration of show.
Explanation:
When the compiler sees the function show it doesn't know anything about
it. So the default return type (ie, int) is assumed. But when compiler sees
the actual definition of show mismatch occurs since it is declared as void.
Hence the error.
The solutions are as follows:
1. declare void show() in main() .
2. define show() before main().
3. declare extern void show() before the use of show().
47)
main( )
{
int a[2][3][2] = {{{2,4},{7,8},{3,4}},{{2,2},{2,3},{3,4}}};
}
Answer:
100, 100, 100, 2
114, 104, 102, 3
Explanation:
The given array is a 3-D one. It can also be viewed as a 1-D array.
2 4
7 8 3
4 2
2 2
3
3
4
100 102 104 106 108 110 112 114 116 118 120 122
thus, for the first printf statement a, *a, **a give address of first element .
since the indirection ***a gives the value. Hence, the first line of the
output.
for the second printf a+1 increases in the third dimension thus points to
value at 114, *a+1 increments in second dimension thus points to 104, **a
+1 increments the first dimension thus points to 102 and ***a+1 first gets
the value at first location and then increments it by 1. Hence, the output.
48)
main( )
{
int a[ ] = {10,20,30,40,50},j,*p;
for(j=0; j<5; j++)
{
printf(%d ,*a);
a++;
}
219
p = a;
for(j=0; j<5; j++)
{
printf(%d ,*p);
p++;
}
}
Answer:
Compiler error: lvalue required.
Explanation:
Error is in line with statement a++. The operand must be an lvalue and
may be of any of scalar type for the any operator, array name only when
subscripted is an lvalue. Simply array name is a non-modifiable lvalue.
49)
main( )
{
static int a[ ] = {0,1,2,3,4};
int *p[ ] = {a,a+1,a+2,a+3,a+4};
int **ptr = p;
ptr++;
*ptr++;
*++ptr;
++*ptr;
}
Answer:
111
222
333
344
Explanation:
Let us consider the array and the two pointers with some address
a
0
1
2
3
4
100
102
104
106
108
p
100
102
104
106
108
1000 1002 1004 1006 1008
ptr
1000
2000
220
After execution of the instruction ptr++ value in ptr becomes 1002, if
scaling factor for integer is 2 bytes. Now ptr p is value in ptr starting
location of array p, (1002 1000) / (scaling factor) = 1, *ptr a = value at
address pointed by ptr starting value of array a, 1002 has a value 102 so
the value is (102 100)/(scaling factor) = 1, **ptr is the value stored in
the location pointed by the pointer of ptr = value pointed by value pointed
by 1002 = value pointed by 102 = 1. Hence the output of the firs printf is
1, 1, 1.
After execution of *ptr++ increments value of the value in ptr by scaling
factor, so it becomes1004. Hence, the outputs for the second printf are ptr
p = 2, *ptr a = 2, **ptr = 2.
After execution of *++ptr increments value of the value in ptr by scaling
factor, so it becomes1004. Hence, the outputs for the third printf are ptr
p = 3, *ptr a = 3, **ptr = 3.
After execution of ++*ptr value in ptr remains the same, the value pointed
by the value is incremented by the scaling factor. So the value in array p at
location 1006 changes from 106 10 108,. Hence, the outputs for the fourth
printf are ptr p = 1006 1000 = 3, *ptr a = 108 100 = 4, **ptr = 4.
50)
main( )
{
char *q;
int j;
for (j=0; j<3; j++) scanf(%s ,(q+j));
}
Explanation:
Here we have only one pointer to type char and since we take input in the
same pointer thus we keep writing over in the same location, each time
shifting the pointer value by 1. Suppose the inputs are MOUSE, TRACK
and VIRTUAL. Then for the first input suppose the pointer starts at
location 100 then the input one is stored as
M
O
U
S
E
\0
When the second input is given the pointer is incremented as j value
becomes 1, so the input is filled in memory starting from 101.
M
T
R
A
C
K
\0
The third input starts filling from the location 102
M
T
V
I
R
T
U
A
L
\0
This is the final value stored .
The first printf prints the values at the position q, q+1 and q+2 = M T V
The second printf prints three strings starting from locations q, q+1, q+2
i.e MTVIRTUAL, TVIRTUAL and VIRTUAL.
51)
main( )
{
221
void *vp;
int j = 20;
vp = &ch;
printf(%c, *(char *)vp);
vp = &j;
printf(%d,*(int *)vp);
vp = cp;
printf(%s,(char *)vp + 3);
}
Answer:
g20fy
Explanation:
Since a void pointer is used it can be type casted to any other type pointer.
vp = &ch stores address of char ch and the next statement prints the value
stored in vp after type casting it to the proper data type pointer. the output
is g. Similarly the output from second printf is 20. The third printf
statement type casts it to print the string from the 4 th value hence the
output is fy.
52)
main ( )
{
char **ptr[ ] = {s+3, s+2, s+1, s}, ***p;
p = ptr;
**++p;
printf(%s,*--*++p + 3);
}
Answer:
ck
Explanation:
In this problem we have an array of char pointers pointing to start of 4
strings. Then we have ptr which is a pointer to a pointer of type char and a
variable p which is a pointer to a pointer to a pointer of type char. p hold
the initial value of ptr, i.e. p = s+3. The next statement increment value in
p by 1 , thus now value of p = s+2. In the printf statement the expression
is evaluated *++p causes gets value s+1 then the pre decrement is
executed and we get s+1 1 = s . the indirection operator now gets the
value from the array of s and adds 3 to the starting address. The string is
printed starting from this position. Thus, the output is ck.
53)
main()
{
int i, n;
char *x = girl;
n = strlen(x);
222
*x = x[n];
for(i=0; i<n; ++i)
{
printf(%s\n,x);
x++;
}
}
Answer:
(blank space)
irl
rl
l
54)
55)
Explanation:
Here a string (a pointer to char) is initialized with a value girl. The
strlen function returns the length of the string, thus n has a value 4. The
next statement assigns value at the nth location (\0) to the first location.
Now the string becomes \0irl . Now the printf statement prints the string
after each iteration it increments it starting position. Loop starts from 0 to
4. The first time x[0] = \0 hence it prints nothing and pointer value is
incremented. The second time it prints from x[1] i.e irl and the third
time it prints rl and the last time it prints l and the loop terminates.
int i,j;
for(i=0;i<=10;i++)
{
j+=5;
assert(i<5);
}
Answer:
Runtime error: Abnormal program termination.
assert failed (i<5), <file name>,<line number>
Explanation:
asserts are used during debugging to make sure that certain conditions are
satisfied. If assertion fails, the program will terminate reporting the same.
After debugging use,
#undef NDEBUG
and this will disable all the assertions from the source code. Assertion
is a good debugging tool to make use of.
main()
{
int i=-1;
+i;
printf("i = %d, +i = %d \n",i,+i);
}
Answer:
223
i = -1, +i = -1
Explanation:
56)
What are the files which are automatically opened when a C file is executed?
Answer:
stdin, stdout, stderr (standard input,standard output,standard error).
57) what will be the position of the file marker?

Answer :
a: The SEEK_SET sets the file position marker to the starting of the file.
b: The SEEK_CUR sets the file position marker to the current position
of the file.
58)
main()
{
char name[10],s[12];
scanf(" \"%[^\"]\"",s);
}
How scanf will execute?
Answer:
First it checks for the leading white space and discards it.Then it matches
with a quotation mark and then it reads all character upto another
quotation mark.
59)

;
fgets returns a pointer. So the correct end of file check is checking for !=
NULL.
60)
main()
{
main();
}
Answer:
Runtime error : Stack overflow.
Explanation:
main function calls itself again and again. Each time the function is called
its return address is stored in the call stack. Since there is no condition to
224
terminate the function call, the call stack overflows at runtime. So it
terminates the program and results in an error.
61)
main()
{
char *cptr,c;
void *vptr,v;
c=10; v=0;
cptr=&c; vptr=&v;
printf("%c%v",c,v);
}
Answer:
Compiler error (at line number 4): size of v is Unknown.
Explanation:
You can create a variable of type void * but not of type void, since void is
an empty type. In the second line you are creating variable vptr of type
void * and v of type void hence an error.
62)
main()
{
char *str1="abcd";
char str2[]="abcd";
}
Answer:
255
Explanation:
In first sizeof, str1 is a character pointer so it gives you the size of the
pointer variable. In second sizeof the name str2 indicates the name of the
array whose size is 5 (including the '\0' termination character). The third
sizeof is similar to the second one.
63)
main()
{
char not;
not=!2;
printf("%d",not);
}
Answer:
0
Explanation:
so it prints 0.
64)
#define FALSE -1
225
#define TRUE 1
#define NULL 0
main() {
if(NULL)
puts("NULL");
else if(FALSE)
puts("TRUE");
else
puts("FALSE");
}
Answer:
TRUE
Explanation:
The input program to the compiler after processing by the preprocessor is,
main(){
if(0)
puts("NULL");
else if(-1)
puts("TRUE");
else
puts("FALSE");
}
Preprocessor doesn't replace the values given inside the double quotes.
The check by if condition is boolean value false so it goes to else. In
second if -1 is boolean value true hence "TRUE" is printed.
65)
main()
{
int k=1;
}
Answer:
1==1 is TRUE
Explanation:
66)
main()
{
int y;
if( (y%4==0 && y%100 != 0) || y%100 == 0 )
226
else
}
Answer:
2000 is a leap year
Explanation:
67)
#define max 5
main()
{
arr1 list={0,1,2,3,4};
arr2 name="name";
}
Answer:
Compiler error (in the line arr1 list = {0,1,2,3,4})
Explanation:
arr2 is declared of type array of size 5 of characters. So it can be used to
declare the variable name of the type arr2. But it is not the case of arr1.
Hence an error.
Rule of Thumb:
#defines are used for textual replacement whereas typedefs are used for
declaring new types.
68)
int i=10;
main()
{
extern int i;
{
int i=20;
{
const volatile unsigned i=30;
printf("%d",i);
}
printf("%d",i);
}
printf("%d",i);
227
}
Answer:
30,20,10
Explanation:
'{' introduces new block and thus new scope. In the innermost block i is
declared as,
const volatile unsigned
which is a valid declaration. i is assumed of type int. So printf prints 30. In
the next block, i has value 20 and so printf prints 20. In the outermost
block, i is declared as extern, so no storage space is allocated for it. After
compilation is over the linker resolves it to global variable i (since it is the
only variable visible there). So it prints i's value as 10.
69)
main()
{
int *j;
{
int i=10;
j=&i;
}
printf("%d",*j);
}
Answer:
10
Explanation:
The variable i is a block level variable and the visibility is inside that
block only. But the lifetime of i is lifetime of the function so it lives upto
the exit of main function. Since the i is still allocated space, *j prints the
value stored in i since j points i.
70)
main()
{
int i=-1;
-i;
printf("i = %d, -i = %d \n",i,-i);
}
Answer:
i = -1, -i = 1
Explanation:
is printed.
71)
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
228
const int i=4;
float j;
j = ++i;
}
Answer:
Compiler error
Explanation:
i is a constant. you cannot change the value of constant
72)
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int a[2][2][2] = { {10,2,3,4}, {5,6,7,8} };
int *p,*q;
p=&a[2][2][2];
*q=***a;
}
Answer:
garbagevalue..1
Explanation:
p=&a[2][2][2] you declare only two 2D arrays. but you are trying to
access the third 2D(which you are not declared) it will print garbage
values. *q=***a starting address of a is assigned integer pointer. now q is
pointing to starting address of a.if you print *q meAnswer:it will print first
element of 3D array.
73)
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
register i=5;
char j[]= "hello";
}
Answer:
hello 5
Explanation:
if you declare i as register compiler will treat it as ordinary integer and it
will take integer value. i value may be stored either in register or in
memory.
74)
main()
{
int i=5,j=6,z;
printf("%d",i+++j);
229
}
Answer:
11
Explanation:
76)
struct aaa{
struct aaa *prev;
int i;
struct aaa *next;
};
main()
{
int x=100;
abc.next=&def;
ghi.next=&jkl;
printf("%d",x);
}
Answer:
2
Explanation:
above all statements form a double circular linked list;
abc.next->next->prev->next->i
this one points to "ghi" node the value of at particular node is 2.
77)
struct point
{
int x;
int y;
};
main()
{
pp=&origin;
}
Answer:
origin is(0,0)
origin is(0,0)
230
Explanation:
pp is a pointer to structure. we can access the elements of the structure
either with arrow mark or with indirection operator.
Note:
Since structure point is globally declared x & y are initialized as zeroes
78)
main()
{
int i=_l_abc(10);
printf("%d\n",--i);
}
int _l_abc(int i)
{
return(i++);
}
Answer:
9
Explanation:
return(i++) it will first return i and then increments. i.e. 10 will be
returned.
79)
main()
{
char *p;
int *q;
long *r;
p=q=r=0;
p++;
q++;
r++;
}
Answer:
0001...0002...0004
Explanation:
++ operator when applied to pointers increments address according to
their corresponding data-types.
80)
main()
{
getc(c);
if((c>='a') && (c<='z'))
x=convert(c);
printf("%c",x);
}
231
convert(z)
{
return z-32;
}
Answer:
Compiler error
Explanation:
declaration of convert and format of getc() are wrong.
81)
main(int argc, char **argv)

{
getchar();
}
sum(num1,num2)
int num1,num2;
{
return num1+num2;
}
Answer:
Compiler error.
Explanation:
argv[1] & argv[2] are strings. They are passed to the function sum without
converting it to integer values.
82)
# include <stdio.h>
int one_d[]={1,2,3};
main()
{
int *ptr;
ptr=one_d;
ptr+=3;
printf("%d",*ptr);
}
Answer:
garbage value
Explanation:
ptr pointer is pointing to out of the array range of one_d.
83)
# include<stdio.h>
aaa() {
printf("hi");
}
bbb(){
232
printf("hello");
}
ccc(){
printf("bye");
}
main()
{
int (*ptr[3])();
ptr[0]=aaa;
ptr[1]=bbb;
ptr[2]=ccc;
ptr[2]();
}
Answer:
bye
Explanation:
ptr is array of pointers to functions of return type int.ptr[0] is assigned to
address of the function aaa. Similarly ptr[1] and ptr[2] for bbb and ccc
respectively. ptr[2]() is in effect of writing ccc(), since ptr[2] points to ccc.
85)
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
FILE *ptr;
char i;
printf("%c",i);
}
Answer:
Explanation:
The condition is checked against EOF, it should be checked against
NULL.
86)
main()
{
int i =0;j=0;
if(i && j++)
}
Answer:
0..0
Explanation:
233
printed.
87)
main()
{
int i;
i = abc();
printf("%d",i);
}
abc()
{
_AX = 1000;
}
Answer:
1000
Explanation:
Normally the return value from the function is through the information
from the accumulator. Here _AH is the pseudo global variable denoting
the accumulator. Hence, the value of the accumulator is set 1000 so the
function returns value 1000.
88)
int i;
main(){
int t;
printf("%d--",t--);
}
Answer:
4--0
3--1
2--2
Explanation:
will be,
t
i
x
4
0
-4
3
1
-2
2
2
0
89)
main(){
if(a,b,x,y)
234
printf("hello");
}
Answer:
hello
Explanation:
90)
main(){
unsigned int i;
for(i=1;i>-2;i--)
}
Explanation:
91)
In the following pgm add a stmt in the function fun such that the address of
main(){
int * j;
void fun(int **);
fun(&j);
}
void fun(int **k) {
int a =0;
}
Answer:
*k = &a
Explanation:
The argument of the function is a pointer to a pointer.
92)
What are the following notations of defining functions known as?

i.
int abc(int a,float b)
{
/* some code */
}
ii. int abc(a,b)
int a; float b;
{
/* some code*/
235
}
Answer:
i. ANSI C notation
ii. Kernighan & Ritche notation
93)
main()
{
char *p;
p="%d\n";
p++;
p++;
printf(p-2,300);
}
Answer:
300
Explanation:
The pointer points to % since it is incremented twice and again
decremented by 2, it points to '%d\n' and 300 is printed.
94)
main(){
char a[100];
a[0]='a';a[1]]='b';a[2]='c';a[4]='d';
abc(a);
}
abc(char a[]){
a++;
printf("%c",*a);
a++;
printf("%c",*a);
}
Explanation:
The base address is modified only in function and as a result a points to 'b'
then after incrementing to 'c' so bc will be printed.
95)
func(a,b)
int a,b;
{
}
main()
{
}
int (*pf) ();
236
int val1,val2;
{
}
Answer:
The value if process is 0 !
Explanation:
The function 'process' has 3 parameters - 1, a pointer to another function 2
and 3, integers. When this function is invoked from main, the following
substitutions for formal parameters take place: func for pf, 3 for val1 and 6
for val2. This function returns the result of the operation performed by the
function 'func'. The function func has two integer parameters. The formal
parameters are substituted as 3 for a and 6 for b. since 3 is not equal to 6,
a==b returns 0. therefore the function returns 0 which in turn is returned
by the function 'process'.
96)
void main()
{
static int i=5;
if(--i){
main();
printf("%d ",i);
}
}
Answer:
0000
Explanation:
The variable "I" is declared as static, hence memory for I will be allocated
for only once, as it encounters the statement. The function main() will be called
recursively unless I becomes equal to 0, and since main() is recursively called, so
the value of static I ie., 0 will be printed every time the control is returned.
97)
void main()
{
}
int ret(int ret)
{
ret += 2.5;
return(ret);
}
Answer:
Here value is 7
Explanation:
237
The int ret(int ret), ie., the function name and the argument name can be
the same.
Firstly, the function ret() is called in which the sizeof(float) ie., 4 is
passed, after the first expression the value in ret will be 6, as ret is integer hence
the value stored in ret will have implicit type conversion from float to int. The ret
is returned in main() it is printed after and preincrement.
98)
void main()
{
char a[]="12345\0";
int i=strlen(a);
printf("here in 3 %d\n",++i);
}
Answer:
here in 3 6
Explanation:
The char array 'a' will hold the initialized string, whose length will be
counted from 0 till the null character. Hence the 'I' will hold the value equal to 5,
after the pre-increment in the printf statement, the 6 will be printed.
99)
void main()
{
unsigned giveit=-1;
int gotit;
}
Answer:
0 65535
100)
void main()
{
int i;
char a[]="\0";
else
}
Answer:
Ok here
Explanation:
238
101)
void main()
{
void *v;
int integer=2;
int *i=&integer;
v=i;
}
Answer:
Compiler Error. We cannot apply indirection on type void*.
Explanation:
Void pointer is a generic pointer type. No pointer arithmetic can be
done on it. Void pointers are normally used for,
4. Passing generic pointers to functions and returning such pointers.
5. As a intermediate pointer type.
6. Used when the exact pointer type will be known at a later point of
time.
102)
void main()
{
}
Answer:
Garbage values.
Explanation:
An identifier is available to use in program code from the point of its
declaration.
So expressions such as i = i++ are valid statements. The i, j and k are
automatic variables and so they contain some garbage value. Garbage in
is garbage out (GIGO).
103)
void main()
{
}
Answer:
i=1j=1k=1
Explanation:
239
Since static variables are initialized to zero by default.
104)
void main()
{
while(1){
break;
else
continue;
}
}
Answer:
Garbage values
Explanation:
104)
main()
{
unsigned int i=10;
while(i-->=0)
printf("%u ",i);
}
Answer:
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 65535 65534..
Explanation:
105)
#include<conio.h>
main()
{
int x,y=2,z,a;
if(x=y%2) z=2;
a=2;
}
Answer:
Garbage-value 0
Explanation:
240
106)
main()
{
int a[10];
printf("%d",*a+1-*a+3);
}
Answer:
4
Explanation:
*a and -*a cancels out. The result is as simple as 1 + 3 = 4 !
107)

main()
{
int x=3,y=4;
}
Answer:
10
Explanation:
The macro expands and evaluates to as:
x+2*y-1 => x+(2*y)-1 => 10
108)
main()
{
while(i++!=0);
printf("%d",i);
}
Answer:
1
Explanation:
109)
main()
{
int i=0;
while(+(+i--)!=0)
i-=i++;
printf("%d",i);
}
Answer:
-1
241
Explanation:
Unary + is the only dummy operator in C. So it has no effect on the
expression and now the while loop is,
while(i--!=0) which is false
and so breaks out of while loop. The value 1 is printed due to the postdecrement operator.
113)
main()
{
float f=5,g=10;
enum{i=10,j=20,k=50};
printf("%d\n",++k);
printf("%f\n",f<<2);
printf("%lf\n",f%g);
printf("%lf\n",fmod(f,g));
}
Answer:
Line no 5: Error: Lvalue required
Line no 6: Cannot apply leftshift to float
Line no 7: Cannot apply mod to float
Explanation:
Enumeration constants cannot be modified, so you cannot apply ++.
Bit-wise operators and % operators cannot be applied on float values.
fmod() is to find the modulus values for floats as % operator is for ints.
110)
main()
{
int i=10;
void pascal f(int,int,int);
f(i++,i++,i++);
printf(" %d",i);
}
void pascal f(integer :i,integer:j,integer :k)
{
write(i,j,k);
}
Answer:
Compiler error: unknown type integer
Compiler error: undeclared function write
Explanation:
Pascal keyword doesnt mean that pascal code can be used. It means that
the function follows Pascal argument passing mechanism in calling the functions.
111)
void pascal f(int i,int j,int k)

{
}
242
void cdecl f(int i,int j,int k)
{
}
main()
{
int i=10;
f(i++,i++,i++);
printf(" %d\n",i);
i=10;
f(i++,i++,i++);
printf(" %d",i);
}
Answer:
10 11 12 13
12 11 10 13
Explanation:
Pascal argument passing mechanism forces the arguments to be called
from left to right. cdecl is the normal C argument passing mechanism where the
arguments are passed from right to left.
112). What is the output of the program given below
main()
{
signed char i=0;
for(;i>=0;i++) ;
printf("%d\n",i);
}
Answer
-128
Explanation
-128.
113) main()
{
unsigned char i=0;
for(;i>=0;i++) ;
printf("%d\n",i);
}
Answer
243
infinite loop
Explanation
114) main()
{
char i=0;
for(;i>=0;i++) ;
printf("%d\n",i);
}
Answer:
Explanation:
Rule:
115) Is the following statement a declaration/definition. Find what does it mean?
int (*x)[10];
Answer
Definition.
x is a pointer to array of(size 10) integers.
Apply clock-wise rule to find the meaning of this definition.
116). What is the output for the program given below
main()
{
error g1;
g1=1;
printf("%d",g1);
}
Answer
244
Compiler error: Multiple declaration for error
Explanation
The name error is used in the two meanings. One means that it is a
enumerator constant with value 1. The another use is that it is a type name
(due to typedef) for enum errorType. Given a situation the compiler
cannot distinguish the meaning of error to know in what sense the error is
used:
error g1;
g1=error;
// which error it refers in each case?
When the compiler can distinguish between usages then it will not
issue error (in pure technical terms, names can only be overloaded in
different namespaces).
Note: the extra comma in the declaration,
enum errorType{warning, error, exception,}
is not an error. An extra comma is valid and is provided just for
programmers convenience.
117)

main()
{
error g1;
g1.error =1;
}
Answer
1
Explanation
The three usages of name errors can be distinguishable by the compiler at
any instance, so valid (they are in different namespaces).
Typedef struct error{int warning, error, exception;}error;
This error can be used only by preceding the error by struct kayword as in:
struct error someError;
This can be used only after . (dot) or -> (arrow) operator preceded by the variable
name as in :
g1.error =1;
This can be used to define variables without using the preceding struct keyword
as in:
error g1;
Since the compiler can perfectly distinguish between these three usages, it is
perfectly legal and valid.
245
Note
This code is given here to just explain the concept behind. In real
programming dont use such overloading of names. It reduces the readability of
the code. Possible doesnt mean that we should use it!
118)
#ifdef something
int some=0;
#endif
main()
{
int thing = 0;
}
Answer:
Compiler error : undefined symbol some
Explanation:
This is a very simple example for conditional compilation. The
name something is not already known to the compiler making the
declaration
int some = 0;
effectively removed from the source code.
119)
#if something == 0
int some=0;
#endif
main()
{
int thing = 0;
}
Answer
00
Explanation
This code is to show that preprocessor expressions are not the
same as the ordinary expressions. If a name is not known the
preprocessor treats it to be equal to zero.
120). What is the output for the following program

main()
246
{
int arr2D[3][3];
}
Answer
1
Explanation
This is due to the close relation between the arrays and pointers. N
dimensional arrays are made up of (N-1) dimensional arrays.
arr2D is made up of a 3 single arrays that contains 3 integers each .
arr2D
arr2D[1]
arr2D[2]
arr2D[3]
The name arr2D refers to the beginning of all the 3 arrays. *arr2D
refers to the start of the first 1D array (of 3 integers) that is the
same address as arr2D. So the expression (arr2D == *arr2D) is true
(1).
Similarly, *arr2D is nothing but *(arr2D + 0), adding a zero
doesnt change the value/meaning. Again arr2D[0] is the another
way of telling *(arr2D + 0). So the expression (*(arr2D + 0) ==
arr2D[0]) is true (1).
Since both parts of the expression evaluates to true the result is
true(1) and the same is printed.
121) void main()
{
memory);
}
Answer
You can answer this if you know how values are represented in
memory
Explanation
~ (tilde operator or bit-wise negation operator) operates on 0 to
produce all ones to fill the space for an integer. 1 is represented in
unsigned value as all 1s and so both are equal.
122) int swap(int *a,int *b)
{
247
*a=*a+*b;*b=*a-*b;*a=*a-*b;
}
main()
{
int x=10,y=20;
swap(&x,&y);
}
Answer
x = 20 y = 10
Explanation
This is one way of swapping two values. Simple checking will help
understand this.
123)
main()
{
char *p = ayqm;
}
Answer:
b
124)
main()
{
int i=5;
printf("%d",++i++);
}
Answer:
Explanation:
lvalue is required.
125)

++i yields an rvalue. For postfix ++ to operate an
main()
{
char *p = ayqm;
char c;
c = ++*p++;
printf(%c,c);
}
Answer:
b
Explanation:
There is no difference between the expression ++*(p++) and +
+*p++. Parenthesis just works as a visual clue for the reader to see
which expression is first evaluated.
126)
248
int aaa() {printf(Hi);}
int bbb(){printf(hello);}
iny ccc(){printf(bye);}
main()
{
int ( * ptr[3]) ();
ptr[0] = aaa;
ptr[1] = bbb;
ptr[2] =ccc;
ptr[2]();
}
Answer:
bye
Explanation:
int (* ptr[3])() says that ptr is an array of pointers to functions that takes
no arguments and returns the type int. By the assignment ptr[0] = aaa; it
means that the first function pointer in the array is initialized with the
address of the function aaa. Similarly, the other two array elements also
get initialized with the addresses of the functions bbb and ccc. Since ptr[2]
contains the address of the function ccc, the call to the function ptr[2]() is
same as calling ccc(). So it results in printing "bye".
127)
main()
{
int i=5;
}
Answer: 1
Explanation: The expression can be treated as i = (++i==6), because == is of
higher precedence than = operator. In the inner expression, ++i is equal to 6 yielding
true(1). Hence the result.
128)
main()
{
char p[ ]="%d\n";
p[1] = 'c';
printf(p,65);
}
Answer:
A
Explanation:
249
129)

Answer::
abc is a ptr to a function which takes 2 parameters .(a). an integer
variable.(b).
a ptrto a funtion which returns void. the return type of the
function is void.
Explanation:
Apply the clock-wise rule to find the result.
130)
main()
{
}
Answer:
No output
Explanation:
Ending the string constant with \0 explicitly makes no difference. So
some and some\0 are equivalent. So, strcmp returns 0 (false) hence
breaking out of the while loop.
131)
main()
{
}
Answer:
.
Explanation:
If a string constant is initialized explicitly with characters, \0 is not
appended automatically to the string. Since str1 doesnt have null
termination, it treats whatever the values that are in the following positions
as part of the string until it randomly reaches a \0. So str1 and str2 are
not the same, hence the result.
132)
main()
{
250
int i = 3;
}
Answer:
Explanation:

133)
void main()
{
int *mptr, *cptr;
printf(%d,*mptr);
int *cptr = (int*)calloc(sizeof(int),1);
printf(%d,*cptr);
}
Answer:
garbage-value 0
Explanation:
The memory space allocated by malloc is uninitialized, whereas calloc
returns the allocated memory space initialized to zeros.
134)
void main()
{
static int i;
while(i<=10)
(i>2)?i++:i--;
printf(%d, i);
}
Answer:
32767
Explanation:
Since i is static it is initialized to 0. Inside the while loop the conditional
operator evaluates to false, executing i--. This continues till the integer
value rotates to positive value (32767). The while condition becomes false
and hence, comes out of the while loop, printing the i value.
135)
main()
{
int i=10,j=20;
j = i, j?(i,j)?i:j:j;
}
Answer:
10 10
251
Explanation:
if(i,j)
{
if(i,j)
j = i;
else
j = j;
}
else
j = j;
136)
1. const char *a;

2. char* const a;
3. char const *a;
Answer:
1. 'const' applies to char * rather than 'a' ( pointer to a constant char )
*a='F'
: illegal
a="Hi"
: legal
2. 'const' applies to 'a' rather than to the value of a (constant pointer to
char )
*a='F'
a="Hi"
: legal
: illegal
3. Same as 1.
137)
main()
{
int i=5,j=10;
i=i&=j&&10;
}
Answer:1 10
Explanation:
result.
138)
main()
{
252
int i=4,j=7;
}
Answer:
41
Explanation:
same.
139)
main()
{
register int a=2;
}
Answer:
Compier Error: '&' on register variable
Rule to Remember:
& (address of ) operator cannot be applied on register variables.
140)
main()
{
float i=1.5;
switch(i)
{
}
}
Answer:
Explanation:
141)
main()
253
{
extern i;
printf("%d\n",i);
{
int i=20;
printf("%d\n",i);
}
}
Answer: Linker Error : Unresolved external symbol i
Explanation:
The identifier i is available in the inner block and so using extern has no
use in resolving it.
142)
main()
{
int a=2,*f1,*f2;
f1=f2=&a;
*f2+=*f2+=a+=2.5;
}
Answer:
16 16 16
Explanation:
f1 and f2 both refer to the same memory location a. So changes through f1
and f2 ultimately affects only the value of a.
143)
main()
{
char *p="GOOD";
char a[ ]="GOOD";
printf("\n sizeof(p) = %d, sizeof(*p) = %d, strlen(p) = %d", sizeof(p),
}
Answer:
sizeof(p) = 2, sizeof(*p) = 1, strlen(p) = 4
sizeof(a) = 5, strlen(a) = 4
Explanation:
sizeof(p) => sizeof(char*) => 2
sizeof(*p) => sizeof(char) => 1
Similarly,
sizeof(a) => size of the character array => 5
When sizeof operator is applied to an array it returns the sizeof the array
and it is not the same as the sizeof the pointer variable. Here the sizeof(a)
where a is the character array and the size of the array is 5 because the
254
space necessary for the terminating NULL character should also be taken
into account.
144)
#define DIM( array, type) sizeof(array)/sizeof(type)

main()
{
int arr[10];
}
Answer:
10
Explanation:
The size of integer array of 10 elements is 10 * sizeof(int). The macro
expands to sizeof(arr)/sizeof(int) => 10 * sizeof(int) / sizeof(int) => 10.
145)

{
}
main()
{
int arr[10];
}
Answer:
1
Explanation:
Arrays cannot be passed to functions as arguments and only the pointers
can be passed. So the argument is equivalent to int * array (this is one of
the very few places where [] and * usage are equivalent). The return
statement becomes, sizeof(int *)/ sizeof(int) that happens to be equal in
this case.
146)
main()
{
static int a[3][3]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
int i,j;
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
*(*(j+p)+i),*(*(i+p)+j),*(*(p+j)+i));
}
}
255
Answer:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
4
7
2
5
8
3
6
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
4
7
2
5
8
3
6
9
Explanation:
*(*(p+i)+j) is equivalent to p[i][j].
147)
main()
{
void swap();
int x=10,y=8;
swap(&x,&y);
printf("x=%d y=%d",x,y);
}
void swap(int *a, int *b)
{
*a ^= *b, *b ^= *a, *a ^= *b;
}
Answer:
x=10 y=8
Explanation:
Using ^ like this is a way to swap two variables without using a temporary
variable and that too in a single statement.
Inside main(), void swap(); means that swap is a function that may take
any number of arguments (not no arguments) and returns nothing. So this
doesnt issue a compiler error by the call swap(&x,&y); that has two
arguments.
This convention is historically due to pre-ANSI style (referred to as
Kernighan and Ritchie style) style of function declaration. In that style, the
swap function will be defined as follows,
void swap()
int *a, int *b
{
*a ^= *b, *b ^= *a, *a ^= *b;
}
where the arguments follow the (). So naturally the declaration for swap
will look like, void swap() which means the swap can take any number of
arguments.
256
148)
main()
{
int i = 257;
int *iPtr = &i;
}
Answer:
11
Explanation:
The integer value 257 is stored in the memory as, 00000001 00000001, so
the individual bytes are taken by casting it to char * and get printed.
149)
main()
{
int i = 258;
int *iPtr = &i;
}
Answer:
21
Explanation:
The integer value 257 can be represented in binary as, 00000001
00000001. Remember that the INTEL machines are small-endian
machines. Small-endian means that the lower order bytes are stored in the
higher memory addresses and the higher order bytes are stored in lower
addresses. The integer value 258 is stored in memory as: 00000001
00000010.
150)
main()
{
int i=300;
char *ptr = &i;
*++ptr=2;
printf("%d",i);
}
Answer:
556
Explanation:
The integer value 300 in binary notation is: 00000001 00101100. It is
stored in memory (small-endian) as: 00101100 00000001. Result of the
expression *++ptr = 2 makes the memory representation as: 00101100
00000010. So the integer corresponding to it is 00000010 00101100 =>
556.
151)
#include <stdio.h>
main()
257
{
char * ptr = str;
char least = 127;
while (*ptr++)
printf("%d",least);
}
Answer:
0
Explanation:
After ptr reaches the end of the string the value pointed by str is \0.
So the value of str is less than that of least. So the value of least
finally is 0.
152)
Declare an array of N pointers to functions returning pointers to functions

returning pointers to characters?
Answer:
(char*(*)( )) (*ptr[N])( );
153)
main()
{ struct student
{
char name[30];
struct date dob;
}stud;
struct date
{
int day,month,year;
};
scanf("%s%d%d%d", stud.rollno, &student.dob.day,
&student.dob.month,
&student.dob.year);
}
Answer:
Explanation:
Inside the struct definition of student the member of type struct date is
given. The compiler doesnt have the definition of date structure (forward
reference is not allowed in C in this case) so it issues an error.
154)
main()
{
struct date;
struct student
{
char name[30];
258
struct date dob;
}stud;
struct date
{
int day,month,year;
};
&student.dob.year);
}
Answer:
Explanation:
Only declaration of struct date is available inside the structure definition
of student but to have a variable of type struct date the definition of the
structure is required.
155)
void main()
{
struct student
{
}stud;
while(!feof(fp))
{
puts(stud.name);
}
}
Explanation:
fread reads 10 records and prints the names successfully. It will
return EOF only when fread tries to read another record and fails
reading EOF (and returning EOF). So it prints the last record
again. After this only the condition feof(fp) becomes false, hence
comes out of the while loop.
156)
Is there any difference between the two declarations,

3. int foo(int *arr[]) and
4. int foo(int *arr[2])
Answer:
No
Explanation:
259
Functions can only pass pointers and not arrays. The numbers that are
allowed inside the [] is just for more readability. So there is no difference
between the two declarations.
157)
What is the subtle error in the following code segment?

{
int *p=0;
int i=0;
while(i++<n)
p = &arr[i];
*p = 0;
}
If the body of the loop never executes p is assigned no address. So
p remains NULL where *p =0 may result in problem (may rise to
runtime error NULL pointer assignment and terminate the
program).
158)
What is wrong with the following code?

int *foo()
{
int *s = malloc(sizeof(int)100);
assert(s != NULL);
return s;
}
assert macro should be used for debugging and finding out bugs. The
check s != NULL is for error/exception handling and for that assert
shouldnt be used. A plain if and the corresponding remedy statement has
to be given.
159)
What is the hidden bug with the following statement?

assert(val++ != 0);
Assert macro is used for debugging and removed in release version. In
assert, the experssion involves side-effects. So the behavior of the code
becomes different in case of debug version and the release version thus
leading to a subtle bug.
Rule to Remember:
Dont use expressions that have side-effects in assert statements.
260
160)
void main()
{
*i = 0;
}
Answer:
Undefined behavior
Explanation:
The second statement results in undefined behavior because it points to
some location whose value may not be available for modification. This
type of pointer in which the non-availability of the implementation of the
referenced location is known as 'incomplete type'.
161)

void main()
{
int i = 10;
if(i==0)
assert(i < 100);
else
}
Answer:
No output
Explanation:
The else part in which the printf is there becomes the else for if in the assert
macro. Hence nothing is printed.
The solution is to use conditional operator instead of if statement,
#define assert(cond) ((cond)?(0): (fprintf (stderr, "assertion failed: \ %s, file %s,
line %d \n",#cond, __FILE__,__LINE__), abort()))
Note:
However this problem of matching with nearest else cannot be solved
by the usual method of placing the if statement inside a block like this,
#define assert(cond) { \
if(!(cond)) \
__FILE__,__LINE__), abort()) \
}
162)

struct a
{
int x;
261
struct a b;
}
Answer:
No
Explanation:
Is it not legal for a structure to contain a member that is of the same
type as in this case. Because this will cause the structure declaration to be
recursive without end.
163)

struct a
{
int x;
struct a *b;
}
Answer:
Yes.
Explanation:
*b is a pointer to type struct a and so is legal. The compiler knows, the
size of the pointer to a structure even before the size of the structure
is determined(as you know the pointer to any type is of same size). This
type of structures is known as self-referencing structure.
164)

typedef struct a
{
int x;
aType *b;
}aType
Answer:
No
Explanation:
The typename aType is not known at the point of declaring the structure
(forward references are not made for typedefs).
165)

struct a
{
int x;
aType *b;
};
Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
The typename aType is known at the point of declaring the structure,
because it is already typedefined.
262
166)

void main()
{
aType someVariable;
struct a
{
int x;
aType *b;
};
}
Answer:
No
Explanation:
When the declaration,
is encountered body of struct a is not known. This is known as incomplete
types.
167)
void main()
{
}
Answer
:
sizeof (void *) = 2
sizeof (int *) = 2
sizeof (double *) = 2
sizeof(struct unknown *) = 2
Explanation: The pointer to any type is of same size.
168)
char inputString[100] = {0};

The second one is better because gets(inputString) doesn't know the size
of the string passed and so, if a very big input (here, more than 100 chars)
the charactes will be written past the input string. When fgets is used with
stdin performs the same operation as gets but is safe.
169)
Which version do you prefer of the following two,

263
170)
2) printf(str);
void main()
{
int i=10, j=2;
int k = *ip/*jp;
printf(%d,k);
}
Answer:
Compiler Error: Unexpected end of file in comment started in line 5.
Explanation:
The programmer intended to divide two integers, but by the
maximum munch rule, the compiler treats the operator
sequence / and * as /* which happens to be the starting of
comment. To force what is intended by the programmer,
int k = *ip/ *jp;
// give space explicity separating / and *
//or
int k = *ip/(*jp);
// put braces to force the intention
will solve the problem.
171)
void main()
{
char ch;
}
Answer:
Explanation:
172)
Is this code legal?

int *ptr;
ptr = (int *) 0x400;
Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
The pointer ptr will point at the integer in the memory location 0x400.
264
173)
main()
{
char a[4]="HELLO";
printf("%s",a);
}
Answer:
Explanation:
stored.
174)
main()
{
char a[4]="HELL";
printf("%s",a);
}
Answer:
HELL%@!~@!@???@~~!
Explanation:
175)
main()
{
int a=10,*j;
void *k;
j=k=&a;
j++;
k++;
}
Answer:
Compiler error: Cannot increment a void pointer
Explanation:
Void pointers are generic pointers and they can be used only when the
type is not known and as an intermediate address storage type. No pointer
arithmetic can be done on it and you cannot apply indirection operator (*)
on void pointers.
176)
main()
{
{
{
extern int i;
int i=20;
const volatile unsigned i=30; printf("%d",i);
265
printf("%d",i);
}
printf("%d",i);
}
int i;
177)

Answer:
Variable length argument lists
178) char *someFun()
{
return temp;
}
int main()
{
puts(someFun());
}
Answer:
string constant
Explanation:
The program suffers no problem and gives the output correctly because the
character constants are stored in code/data area and not allocated in stack, so this doesnt
lead to dangling pointers.
179)
char *someFun1()
{
return temp;
}
char *someFun2()
{
return temp;
}
int main()
{
puts(someFun1());
puts(someFun2());
}
Answer:
Garbage values.
Explanation:
Both the functions suffer from the problem of dangling pointers. In someFun1()
temp is a character array and so the space for it is allocated in heap and is initialized with
character string string. This is created dynamically as the function is called, so is also
266
deleted dynamically on exiting the function so the string data is not available in the
calling function main() leading to print some garbage values. The function someFun2()
also suffers from the same problem but the problem can be easily identified in this case.
267
C++ Aptitude and OOPS

C++ Aptitude and OOPS
Note : All the programs are tested under Turbo C++ 3.0, 4.5 and Microsoft VC++ 6.0
compilers.
It is assumed that,
Programs run under Windows environment,
The underlying machine is an x86 based system,
1) class Sample
{
public:
int *ptr;
Sample(int i)
{
ptr = new int(i);
}
~Sample()
{
delete ptr;
}
void PrintVal()
{
cout << "The value is " << *ptr;
}
};
void SomeFunc(Sample x)
{
cout << "Say i am in someFunc " << endl;
}
int main()
{
Sample s1= 10;
SomeFunc(s1);
s1.PrintVal();
}
Answer:
Say i am in someFunc
Null pointer assignment(Run-time error)
Explanation:
268
As the object is passed by value to SomeFunc the destructor of the object is
called when the control returns from the function. So when PrintVal is called it meets up
with ptr that has been freed.The solution is to pass the Sample object by reference to
SomeFunc:
void SomeFunc(Sample &x)
{
cout << "Say i am in someFunc " << endl;
}
because when we pass objects by refernece that object is not destroyed. while returning
from the function.
2) Which is the parameter that is added to every non-static member function when it is
called?
Answer:
this pointer
3) class base
{
public:
int bval;
base(){ bval=0;}
};
class deri:public base
{
public:
int dval;
deri(){ dval=1;}
};
void SomeFunc(base *arr,int size)
{
for(int i=0; i<size; i++,arr++)
cout<<arr->bval;
cout<<endl;
}
int main()
{
base BaseArr[5];
SomeFunc(BaseArr,5);
deri DeriArr[5];
SomeFunc(DeriArr,5);
}
Answer:
269
00000
01010
Explanation:
The function SomeFunc expects two arguments.The first one is a pointer to an
array of base class objects and the second one is the sizeof the array.The first call of
someFunc calls it with an array of bae objects, so it works correctly and prints the bval of
all the objects. When Somefunc is called the second time the argument passed is the
pointeer to an array of derived class objects and not the array of base class objects. But
that is what the function expects to be sent. So the derived class pointer is promoted to
base class pointer and the address is sent to the function. SomeFunc() knows nothing
about this and just treats the pointer as an array of base class objects. So when arr++ is
met, the size of base class object is taken into consideration and is incremented by
sizeof(int) bytes for bval (the deri class objects have bval and dval as members and so is
of size >= sizeof(int)+sizeof(int) ).
4) class base
{
public:
void baseFun(){ cout<<"from base"<<endl;}
};
{
public:
void baseFun(){ cout<< "from derived"<<endl;}
};
void SomeFunc(base *baseObj)
{
baseObj->baseFun();
}
int main()
{
base baseObject;
SomeFunc(&baseObject);
deri deriObject;
SomeFunc(&deriObject);
}
Answer:
from base
from base
Explanation:
As we have seen in the previous case, SomeFunc expects a pointer to a base class.
Since a pointer to a derived class object is passed, it treats the argument only as a base
class pointer and the corresponding base function is called.
5) class base
{
270
public:
virtual void baseFun(){ cout<<"from base"<<endl;}
};
{
public:
void baseFun(){ cout<< "from derived"<<endl;}
};
void SomeFunc(base *baseObj)
{
baseObj->baseFun();
}
int main()
{
base baseObject;
SomeFunc(&baseObject);
deri deriObject;
SomeFunc(&deriObject);
}
Answer:
from base
from derived
Explanation:
Remember that baseFunc is a virtual function. That means that it supports runtime polymorphism. So the function corresponding to the derived class object is called.
void main()
{
int a, *pa, &ra;
pa = &a;
ra = a;
cout <<"a="<<a <<"*pa="<<*pa <<"ra"<<ra ;
}
/*
Answer :
Compiler Error: 'ra',reference must be initialized
Explanation :
Pointers are different from references. One of the main
differences is that the pointers can be both initialized and assigned,
whereas references can only be initialized. So this code issues an error.
*/
const int size = 5;
void print(int *ptr)
271
{
cout<<ptr[0];
}
void print(int ptr[size])
{
cout<<ptr[0];
}
void main()
{
int a[size] = {1,2,3,4,5};
int *b = new int(size);
print(a);
print(b);
}
/*
Answer:
Compiler Error : function 'void print(int *)' already has a body
Explanation:
Arrays cannot be passed to functions, only pointers (for arrays, base addresses)
can be passed. So the arguments int *ptr and int prt[size] have no difference
as function arguments. In other words, both the functoins have the same signature and
so cannot be overloaded.
*/
class some{
public:
~some()
{
cout<<"some's destructor"<<endl;
}
};
void main()
{
some s;
s.~some();
}
/*
Answer:
some's destructor
some's destructor
Explanation:
Destructors can be called explicitly. Here 's.~some()' explicitly calls the
272
destructor of 's'. When main() returns, destructor of s is called again,
hence the result.
*/
#include <iostream.h>
class fig2d
{
int dim1;
int dim2;
public:
fig2d() { dim1=5; dim2=6;}
virtual void operator<<(ostream & rhs);
};
void fig2d::operator<<(ostream &rhs)
{
rhs <<this->dim1<<" "<<this->dim2<<" ";
}
/*class fig3d : public fig2d
{
int dim3;
public:
fig3d() { dim3=7;}
virtual void operator<<(ostream &rhs);
};
void fig3d::operator<<(ostream &rhs)
{
fig2d::operator <<(rhs);
rhs<<this->dim3;
}
*/
void main()
{
fig2d obj1;
//
fig3d obj2;
obj1 << cout;
//
obj2 << cout;
}
/*
Answer :
273
56
Explanation:
In this program, the << operator is overloaded with ostream as argument.
This enables the 'cout' to be present at the right-hand-side. Normally, 'cout'
is implemented as global function, but it doesn't mean that 'cout' is not possible
to be overloaded as member function.
Overloading << as virtual member function becomes handy when the class in which
it is overloaded is inherited, and this becomes available to be overrided. This is as
opposed
to global friend functions, where friend's are not inherited.
*/
class opOverload{
public:
bool operator==(opOverload temp);
};
bool opOverload::operator==(opOverload temp){
if(*this == temp ){
cout<<"The both are same objects\n";
return true;
}
else{
cout<<"The both are different\n";
return false;
}
}
void main(){
opOverload a1, a2;
a1= =a2;
}
Answer :
Runtime Error: Stack Overflow
Explanation :
Just like normal functions, operator functions can be called recursively. This
program just illustrates that point, by calling the operator == function recursively, leading
to an infinite loop.
class complex{
double re;
double im;
public:
complex() : re(1),im(0.5) {}
274
bool operator==(complex &rhs);
operator int(){}
};
bool complex::operator == (complex &rhs){
if((this->re == rhs.re) && (this->im == rhs.im))
return true;
else
return false;
}
int main(){
complex c1;
cout<< c1;
}
Answer : Garbage value
Explanation:
The programmer wishes to print the complex object using output
re-direction operator,which he has not defined for his lass.But the compiler instead of
giving an error sees the conversion function
and converts the user defined object to standard object and prints
some garbage value.
class complex{
double re;
double im;
public:
complex() : re(0),im(0) {}
complex(double n) { re=n,im=n;};
complex(int m,int n) { re=m,im=n;}
void print() { cout<<re; cout<<im;}
};
void main(){
complex c3;
double i=5;
c3 = i;
c3.print();
}
Answer:
5,5
Explanation:
275
Though no operator= function taking complex, double is defined, the double on
the rhs is converted into a temporary object using the single argument constructor taking
double and assigned to the lvalue.
void main()
{
int a, *pa, &ra;
pa = &a;
ra = a;
cout <<"a="<<a <<"*pa="<<*pa <<"ra"<<ra ;
}
Answer :
Compiler Error: 'ra',reference must be initialized
Explanation :
Pointers are different from references. One of the main
differences is that the pointers can be both initialized and assigned,
whereas references can only be initialized. So this code issues an error.
Try it Yourself
1) Determine the output of the 'C++' Codelet.
class base
{
public :
out()
{
cout<<"base ";
}
};
class deri{
public : out()
{
cout<<"deri ";
}
};
void main()
{
deri dp[3];
base *bp = (base*)dp;
for (int i=0; i<3;i++)
(bp++)->out();
}
2) Justify the use of virtual constructors and destructors in C++.
276
3) Each C++ object possesses the 4 member fns,(which can be declared by the
programmer explicitly or by the implementation if they are not available). What are
those 4 functions?
4) What is wrong with this class declaration?
class something
{
char *str;
public:
something(){
st = new char[10]; }
~something()
{
delete str;
}
};
5) Inheritance is also known as -------- relationship. Containership as
relationship.
________
6) When is it necessary to use member-wise initialization list (also known as header

initialization list) in C++?
7) Which is the only operator in C++ which can be overloaded but NOT inherited.
8) Is there anything wrong with this C++ class declaration?
class temp
{
int value1;
mutable int value2;
public :
void fun(int val)
const{
((temp*) this)->value1 = 10;
value2 = 10;
}
};
277
1. What is a modifier?
Answer:
A modifier, also called a modifying function is a member function that changes the
value of at least one data member. In other words, an operation that modifies the state of
an object. Modifiers are also known as mutators.
2. What is an accessor?
Answer:
An accessor is a class operation that does not modify the state of an object. The
accessor functions need to be declared as const operations
3. Differentiate between a template class and class template.
Answer:
Template class:
A generic definition or a parameterized class not instantiated until the client
provides the needed information. Its jargon for plain templates.
Class template:
A class template specifies how individual classes can be constructed much like
the way a class specifies how individual objects can be constructed. Its jargon for plain
classes.
4. When does a name clash occur?
Answer:
A name clash occurs when a name is defined in more than one place. For
example., two different class libraries could give two different classes the same name. If
you try to use many class libraries at the same time, there is a fair chance that you will be
unable to compile or link the program because of name clashes.
5. Define namespace.
Answer:
It is a feature in c++ to minimize name collisions in the global name space. This
namespace keyword assigns a distinct name to a library that allows other libraries to use
the same identifier names without creating any name collisions. Furthermore, the
compiler uses the namespace signature for differentiating the definitions.
6. What is the use of using declaration.
Answer:
A using declaration makes it possible to use a name from a namespace without the
scope operator.
7. What is an Iterator class?
Answer:
A class that is used to traverse through the objects maintained by a container
class. There are five categories of iterators:
input iterators,
output iterators,
278
forward iterators,
bidirectional iterators,
random access.
An iterator is an entity that gives access to the contents of a container object
without violating encapsulation constraints. Access to the contents is granted on a one-ata-time basis in order. The order can be storage order (as in lists and queues) or some
arbitrary order (as in array indices) or according to some ordering relation (as in an
ordered binary tree). The iterator is a construct, which provides an interface that, when
called, yields either the next element in the container, or some value denoting the fact that
there are no more elements to examine. Iterators hide the details of access to and update
of the elements of a container class.
The simplest and safest iterators are those that permit read-only access to the
contents of a container class. The following code fragment shows how an iterator might
appear in code:
cont_iter:=new cont_iterator();
x:=cont_iter.next();
while x/=none do
...
s(x);
...
x:=cont_iter.next();
end;
In this example, cont_iter is the name of the iterator. It is created on the first line by
instantiation of cont_iterator class, an iterator class defined to iterate over some container
class, cont. Succesive elements from the container are carried to x. The loop terminates
when x is bound to some empty value. (Here, none)In the middle of the loop, there is s(x)
an operation on x, the current element from the container. The next element of the
container is obtained at the bottom of the loop.
9. List out some of the OODBMS available.
Answer:
GEMSTONE/OPAL of Gemstone systems.
ONTOS of Ontos.
Objectivity of Objectivity inc.
Versant of Versant object technology.
Object store of Object Design.
ARDENT of ARDENT software.
POET of POET software.

10. List out some of the object-oriented methodologies.
Answer:
Object Oriented Development (OOD) (Booch 1991,1994).
Object Oriented Analysis and Design (OOA/D) (Coad and Yourdon 1991).
Object Modelling Techniques (OMT) (Rumbaugh 1991).
Object Oriented Software Engineering (Objectory) (Jacobson 1992).
279
Object Oriented Analysis (OOA) (Shlaer and Mellor 1992).

The Fusion Method (Coleman 1991).
11. What is an incomplete type?

Answer:
Incomplete types refers to pointers in which there is non availability of the
implementation of the referenced location or it points to some location whose value is not
available for modification.
Example:
int *i=0x400 // i points to address 400
*i=0;
//set the value of memory location pointed by i.
Incomplete types are otherwise called uninitialized pointers.
12. What is a dangling pointer?
Answer:
A dangling pointer arises when you use the address of an object after its lifetime
is over.
This may occur in situations like returning addresses of the automatic variables from a
function or using the address of the memory block after it is freed.
13. Differentiate between the message and method.
Answer:
Message
Method
Objects communicate by sending messages Provides response to a message.
to each other.
A message is sent to invoke a method.
It is an implementation of an operation.
14. What is an adaptor class or Wrapper class?
Answer:
A class that has no functionality of its own. Its member functions hide the use of a
third party software component or an object with the non-compatible interface or a nonobject- oriented implementation.
15. What is a Null object?
Answer:
It is an object of some class whose purpose is to indicate that a real object of that
class does not exist. One common use for a null object is a return value from a member
function that is supposed to return an object with some specified properties but cannot
find such an object.
16. What is class invariant?
Answer:
A class invariant is a condition that defines all valid states for an object. It is a
logical condition to ensure the correct working of a class. Class invariants must hold
when an object is created, and they must be preserved under all operations of the class. In
280
particular all class invariants are both preconditions and post-conditions for all operations
or member functions of the class.
17. What do you mean by Stack unwinding?
Answer:
It is a process during exception handling when the destructor is called for all local
objects between the place where the exception was thrown and where it is caught.
18. Define precondition and post-condition to a member function.
Answer:
Precondition:
A precondition is a condition that must be true on entry to a member function. A
class is used correctly if preconditions are never false. An operation is not responsible for
doing anything sensible if its precondition fails to hold.
For example, the interface invariants of stack class say nothing about pushing yet
another element on a stack that is already full. We say that isful() is a precondition of the
push operation.
Post-condition:
A post-condition is a condition that must be true on exit from a member function
if the precondition was valid on entry to that function. A class is implemented correctly if
post-conditions are never false.
For example, after pushing an element on the stack, we know that isempty() must
necessarily hold. This is a post-condition of the push operation.
19. What are the conditions that have to be met for a condition to be an invariant of the
class?
Answer:
The condition should hold at the end of every constructor.
The condition should hold at the end of every mutator(non-const) operation.
20. What are proxy objects?
Answer:
Objects that stand for other objects are called proxy objects or surrogates.
Example:
template<class T>
class Array2D
{
public:
class Array1D
{
public:
T& operator[] (int index);
const T& operator[] (int index) const;
...
};
281
Array1D operator[] (int index);
const Array1D operator[] (int index) const;
...
};
The following then becomes legal:
Array2D<float>data(10,20);
........
cout<<data[3][6]; // fine
Here data[3] yields an Array1D object and the operator [] invocation on that
object yields the float in position(3,6) of the original two dimensional array. Clients of
the Array2D class need not be aware of the presence of the Array1D class. Objects of this
latter class stand for one-dimensional array objects that, conceptually, do not exist for
clients of Array2D. Such clients program as if they were using real, live, two-dimensional
arrays. Each Array1D object stands for a one-dimensional array that is absent from a
conceptual model used by the clients of Array2D. In the above example, Array1D is a
proxy class. Its instances stand for one-dimensional arrays that, conceptually, do not
exist.
21. Name some pure object oriented languages.
Answer:
Smalltalk,
Java,
Eiffel,
Sather.
22. Name the operators that cannot be overloaded.
Answer:
sizeof .
.*
.->
::
?:
23. What is a node class?
Answer:
A node class is a class that,
relies on the base class for services and implementation,
provides a wider interface to te users than its base class,
relies primarily on virtual functions in its public interface
depends on all its direct and indirect base class
can be understood only in the context of the base class
can be used as base for further derivation
can be used to create objects.
A node class is a class that has added new services or functionality beyond the services
inherited from its base class.
24. What is an orthogonal base class?
Answer:
282
If two base classes have no overlapping methods or data they are said to be
independent of, or orthogonal to each other. Orthogonal in the sense means that two
classes operate in different dimensions and do not interfere with each other in any way.
The same derived class may inherit such classes with no difficulty.
25. What is a container class? What are the types of container classes?
Answer:
A container class is a class that is used to hold objects in memory or external
storage. A container class acts as a generic holder. A container class has a predefined
behavior and a well-known interface. A container class is a supporting class whose
purpose is to hide the topology used for maintaining the list of objects in memory. When
a container class contains a group of mixed objects, the container is called a
heterogeneous container; when the container is holding a group of objects that are all the
same, the container is called a homogeneous container.
26. What is a protocol class?
Answer:
An abstract class is a protocol class if:
it neither contains nor inherits from classes that contain member data, non-virtual
functions, or private (or protected) members of any kind.
it has a non-inline virtual destructor defined with an empty implementation,
all member functions other than the destructor including inherited functions, are
declared pure virtual functions and left undefined.
27. What is a mixin class?
Answer:
A class that provides some but not all of the implementation for a virtual base
class is often called mixin. Derivation done just for the purpose of redefining the virtual
functions in the base classes is often called mixin inheritance. Mixin classes typically
don't share common bases.
28. What is a concrete class?
Answer:
A concrete class is used to define a useful object that can be instantiated as an
automatic variable on the program stack. The implementation of a concrete class is
defined. The concrete class is not intended to be a base class and no attempt to minimize
dependency on other classes in the implementation or behavior of the class.
29.What is the handle class?
Answer:
A handle is a class that maintains a pointer to an object that is programmatically
accessible through the public interface of the handle class.
Explanation:
In case of abstract classes, unless one manipulates the objects of these classes
through pointers and references, the benefits of the virtual functions are lost. User code
may become dependent on details of implementation classes because an abstract type
283
cannot be allocated statistically or on the stack without its size being known. Using
pointers or references implies that the burden of memory management falls on the user.
Another limitation of abstract class object is of fixed size. Classes however are used to
represent concepts that require varying amounts of storage to implement them.
A popular technique for dealing with these issues is to separate what is used as a single
object in two parts: a handle providing the user interface and a representation holding all
or most of the object's state. The connection between the handle and the representation is
typically a pointer in the handle. Often, handles have a bit more data than the simple
representation pointer, but not much more. Hence the layout of the handle is typically
stable, even when the representation changes and also that handles are small enough to
move around relatively freely so that the user neednt use the pointers and the references.
30. What is an action class?
Answer:
The simplest and most obvious way to specify an action in C++ is to write a
function. However, if the action has to be delayed, has to be transmitted 'elsewhere'
before being performed, requires its own data, has to be combined with other actions, etc
then it often becomes attractive to provide the action in the form of a class that can
execute the desired action and provide other services as well. Manipulators used with
iostreams is an obvious example.
Explanation:
A common form of action class is a simple class containing just one virtual
function.
class Action
{
public:
virtual int do_it( int )=0;
virtual ~Action( );
}
Given this, we can write code say a member that can store actions for later
execution without using pointers to functions, without knowing anything about the
objects involved, and without even knowing the name of the operation it invokes. For
example:
class write_file : public Action
{
File& f;
public:
int do_it(int)
{
return fwrite( ).suceed( );
}
};
class error_message: public Action
{
response_box db(message.cstr( ),"Continue","Cancel","Retry");
switch (db.getresponse( ))
284
{
case 0: return 0;
case 1: abort();
case 2: current_operation.redo( );return 1;
}
};
A user of the Action class will be completely isolated from any knowledge of
derived classes such as write_file and error_message.
31. When can you tell that a memory leak will occur?
Answer:
A memory leak occurs when a program loses the ability to free a block of
dynamically allocated memory.
32.What is a parameterized type?
Answer:
A template is a parameterized construct or type containing generic code that can
use or manipulate any type. It is called parameterized because an actual type is a
parameter of the code body. Polymorphism may be achieved through parameterized
types. This type of polymorphism is called parameteric polymorphism. Parameteric
polymorphism is the mechanism by which the same code is used on different types
passed as parameters.
33. Differentiate between a deep copy and a shallow copy?
Answer:
Deep copy involves using the contents of one object to create another instance of
the same class. In a deep copy, the two objects may contain ht same information but the
target object will have its own buffers and resources. the destruction of either object will
not affect the remaining object. The overloaded assignment operator would create a deep
copy of objects.
Shallow copy involves copying the contents of one object into another instance of
the same class thus creating a mirror image. Owing to straight copying of references and
pointers, the two objects will share the same externally contained contents of the other
object to be unpredictable.
Explanation:
Using a copy constructor we simply copy the data values member by member.
This method of copying is called shallow copy. If the object is a simple class, comprised
of built in types and no pointers this would be acceptable. This function would use the
values and the objects and its behavior would not be altered with a shallow copy, only the
addresses of pointers that are members are copied and not the value the address is
pointing to. The data values of the object would then be inadvertently altered by the
function. When the function goes out of scope, the copy of the object with all its data is
popped off the stack.
285
If the object has any pointers a deep copy needs to be executed. With the deep
copy of an object, memory is allocated for the object in free store and the elements
pointed to are copied. A deep copy is used for objects that are returned from a function.
34. What is an opaque pointer?
Answer:
A pointer is said to be opaque if the definition of the type to which it points to is
not included in the current translation unit. A translation unit is the result of merging an
implementation file with all its headers and header files.
35. What is a smart pointer?
Answer:
A smart pointer is an object that acts, looks and feels like a normal pointer but
offers more functionality. In C++, smart pointers are implemented as template classes
that encapsulate a pointer and override standard pointer operators. They have a number of
advantages over regular pointers. They are guaranteed to be initialized as either null
pointers or pointers to a heap object. Indirection through a null pointer is checked. No
delete is ever necessary. Objects are automatically freed when the last pointer to them has
gone away. One significant problem with these smart pointers is that unlike regular
pointers, they don't respect inheritance. Smart pointers are unattractive for polymorphic
code. Given below is an example for the implementation of smart pointers.
Example:
template <class X>
class smart_pointer
{
public:
smart_pointer();
// makes a null pointer
smart_pointer(const X& x)
// makes pointer to copy of x
X& operator *( );
const X& operator*( ) const;
X* operator->() const;
smart_pointer(const smart_pointer <X> &);
const smart_pointer <X> & operator =(const smart_pointer<X>&);
~smart_pointer();
private:
//...
};
This class implement a smart pointer to an object of type X. The object itself is
located on the heap. Here is how to use it:
smart_pointer <employee> p= employee("Harris",1333);
Like other overloaded operators, p will behave like a regular pointer,
cout<<*p;
p->raise_salary(0.5);
286
36. What is reflexive association?
Answer:
The 'is-a' is called a reflexive association because the reflexive association permits
classes to bear the is-a association not only with their super-classes but also with
themselves. It differs from a 'specializes-from' as 'specializes-from' is usually used to
describe the association between a super-class and a sub-class. For example:
Printer is-a printer.
37. What is slicing?
Answer:
Slicing means that the data added by a subclass are discarded when an object of
the subclass is passed or returned by value or from a function expecting a base class
object.
Explanation:
Consider the following class declaration:
class base
{
...
base& operator =(const base&);
base (const base&);
}
void fun( )
{
base e=m;
e=m;
}
As base copy functions don't know anything about the derived only the base part
of the derived is copied. This is commonly referred to as slicing. One reason to pass
objects of classes in a hierarchy is to avoid slicing. Other reasons are to preserve
polymorphic behavior and to gain efficiency.
38. What is name mangling?
Answer:
Name mangling is the process through which your c++ compilers give each
function in your program a unique name. In C++, all programs have at-least a few
functions with the same name. Name mangling is a concession to the fact that linker
always insists on all function names being unique.
Example:
In general, member names are made unique by concatenating the name of the
member with that of the class e.g. given the declaration:
class Bar
{
public:
int ival;
...
};
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ival becomes something like:

// a possible member name mangling
ival__3Bar
Consider this derivation:
class Foo : public Bar
{
public:
int ival;
...
}
The internal representation of a Foo object is the concatenation of its base and
derived class members.
// Pseudo C++ code
// Internal representation of Foo
class Foo
{
public:
int ival__3Bar;
int ival__3Foo;
...
};
Unambiguous access of either ival members is achieved through name mangling.
Member functions, because they can be overloaded, require an extensive mangling to
provide each with a unique name. Here the compiler generates the same name for the two
overloaded instances(Their argument lists make their instances unique).
39. What are proxy objects?
Answer:
Objects that points to other objects are called proxy objects or surrogates. Its an
object that provides the same interface as its server object but does not have any
functionality. During a method invocation, it routes data to the true server object and
sends back the return value to the object.
40. Differentiate between declaration and definition in C++.
Answer:
A declaration introduces a name into the program; a definition provides a unique
description of an entity (e.g. type, instance, and function). Declarations can be repeated in
a given scope, it introduces a name in a given scope. There must be exactly one definition
of every object, function or class used in a C++ program.
A declaration is a definition unless:
it declares a function without specifying its body,
it contains an extern specifier and no initializer or function body,
it is the declaration of a static class data member without a class definition,
it is a class name definition,
it is a typedef declaration.
A definition is a declaration unless:
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it defines a static class data member,
it defines a non-inline member function.
41. What is cloning?
Answer: An object can carry out copying in two ways i.e. it can set itself to be a copy of
another object, or it can return a copy of itself. The latter process is called cloning.
42. Describe the main characteristics of static functions.
Answer:
The main characteristics of static functions include,
It is without the a this pointer,
It can't directly access the non-static members of its class
It can't be declared const, volatile or virtual.
It doesn't need to be invoked through an object of its class, although for
convenience, it may.
43. Will the inline function be compiled as the inline function always? Justify.
Answer:
An inline function is a request and not a command. Hence it won't be compiled as
an inline function always.
Explanation:
Inline-expansion could fail if the inline function contains loops, the address of an
inline function is used, or an inline function is called in a complex expression. The rules
for inlining are compiler dependent.
44. Define a way other than using the keyword inline to make a function inline.
Answer:
The function must be defined inside the class.
45. How can a '::' operator be used as unary operator?
Answer:
The scope operator can be used to refer to members of the global namespace.
Because the global namespace doesnt have a name, the notation :: member-name refers
to a member of the global namespace. This can be useful for referring to members of
global namespace whose names have been hidden by names declared in nested local
scope. Unless we specify to the compiler in which namespace to search for a declaration,
the compiler simple searches the current scope, and any scopes in which the current
scope is nested, to find the declaration for the name.
46. What is placement new?
Answer:
When you want to call a constructor directly, you use the placement new.
Sometimes you have some raw memory that's already been allocated, and you need to
construct an object in the memory you have. Operator new's special version placement
new allows you to do it.
class Widget
{
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public :
Widget(int widgetsize);
...
Widget* Construct_widget_int_buffer(void *buffer,int widgetsize)
{
return new(buffer) Widget(widgetsize);
}
};
This function returns a pointer to a Widget object that's constructed within the
buffer passed to the function. Such a function might be useful for applications using
shared memory or memory-mapped I/O, because objects in such applications must be
placed at specific addresses or in memory allocated by special routines.
OOAD
1. What do you mean by analysis and design?
Analysis:
Basically, it is the process of determining what needs to be done before
how it should be done. In order to accomplish this, the developer refers the existing
systems and documents. So, simply it is an art of discovery.
Design:
It is the process of adopting/choosing the one among the many, which best
accomplishes the users needs. So, simply, it is compromising mechanism.
2. What are the steps involved in designing?
Before getting into the design the designer should go through the SRS prepared
by the System Analyst.
The main tasks of design are Architectural Design and Detailed Design.
In Architectural Design we find what are the main modules in the problem
domain.
In Detailed Design we find what should be done within each module.
3. What are the main underlying concepts of object orientation?
Objects, messages, class, inheritance and polymorphism are the main concepts of
object orientation.
4. What do u meant by "SBI" of an object?
SBI stands for State, Behavior and Identity. Since every object has the above
three.
State:
It is just a value to the attribute of an object at a particular time.
Behaviour:
It describes the actions and their reactions of that object.
Identity:
An object has an identity that characterizes its own existence. The identity
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makes it possible to distinguish any object in an unambiguous way, and independently
from its state.
5. Differentiate persistent & non-persistent objects?
Persistent refers to an object's ability to transcend time or space. A persistent
object stores/saves its state in a permanent storage system with out losing the information
represented by the object.
A non-persistent object is said to be transient or ephemeral. By default objects are
considered as non-persistent.
6. What do you meant by active and passive objects?
Active objects are one which instigate an interaction which owns a thread and
they are responsible for handling control to other objects. In simple words it can be
referred as client.
Passive objects are one, which passively waits for the message to be processed. It
waits for another object that requires its services. In simple words it can be referred as
server.
Diagram:
client server
(Active) (Passive)
7. What is meant by software development method?
Software development method describes how to model and build software
systems in a reliable and reproducible way. To put it simple, methods that are used to
represent ones' thinking using graphical notations.
8. What are models and meta models?
Model:
It is a complete description of something (i.e. system).
Meta model:
It describes the model elements, syntax and semantics of the notation that
allows their manipulation.
9. What do you meant by static and dynamic modeling?
Static modeling is used to specify structure of the objects that exist in the problem
domain. These are expressed using class, object and USECASE diagrams.
But Dynamic modeling refers representing the object interactions during runtime.
It is represented by sequence, activity, collaboration and statechart diagrams.
10. How to represent the interaction between the modeling elements?
Model element is just a notation to represent (Graphically) the entities that exist
in the problem domain. e.g. for modeling element is class notation, object notation etc.
Relationships are used to represent the interaction between the modeling
elements.
The following are the Relationships.
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Association: Its' just a semantic connection two classes.

e.g.:
uses
class A
class B
Aggregation: Its' the relationship between two classes which are related in the fashion
that master and slave. The master takes full rights than the slave. Since the slave
works under the master. It is represented as line with diamond in the master area.
ex:
car contains wheels, etc.
car
car
wheels
Containment: This relationship is applied when the part contained with in the whole
part, dies when the whole part dies.
It is represented as darked diamond at the whole part.
example:
class A{
//some code
};
class B
{
A aa; // an object of class A;
// some code for class B;
};
In the above example we see that an object of class A is instantiated with in the
class B. so the object class A dies when the object class B dies.we can represnt it in
diagram like this.
class A
class B
Generalization: This relationship used when we want represents a class, which

captures the common states of objects of different classes. It is represented as arrow
line pointed at the class, which has captured the common states.
class A
class B
class C
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Dependency: It is the relationship between dependent and independent classes. Any
change in the independent class will affect the states of the dependent class.
DIAGRAM:
class A class B
11. Why generalization is very strong?
Even though Generalization satisfies Structural, Interface, Behaviour properties.
It is mathematically very strong, as it is Antisymmetric and Transitive.
Antisymmetric: employee is a person, but not all persons are employees.
Mathematically all As are B, but all Bs not A.
Transitive: A=>B, B=>c then A=>c.
A. Salesman.
B. Employee.
C. Person.
Note: All the other relationships satisfy all the properties like Structural
properties, Interface properties, Behaviour properties.
12. Differentiate Aggregation and containment?
Aggregation is the relationship between the whole and a part. We can add/subtract
some properties in the part (slave) side. It won't affect the whole part.
Best example is Car, which contains the wheels and some extra parts. Even
though the parts are not there we can call it as car.
But, in the case of containment the whole part is affected when the part within
that got affected. The human body is an apt example for this relationship. When the
whole body dies the parts (heart etc) are died.
13. Can link and Association applied interchangeably?
No, You cannot apply the link and Association interchangeably. Since link is used
represent the relationship between the two objects.
But Association is used represent the relationship between the two classes.
link ::
student:Abhilash
course:MCA
Association:: student
course
14. what is meant by "method-wars"?
Before 1994 there were different methodologies like Rumbaugh, Booch,
Jacobson, Meyer etc who followed their own notations to model the systems. The
developers were in a dilemma to choose the method which best accomplishes their needs.
This particular span was called as "method-wars"
15. Whether unified method and unified modeling language are same or different?
Unified method is convergence of the Rumbaugh and Booch.
Unified modeling lang. is the fusion of Rumbaugh, Booch and Jacobson as well
as Betrand Meyer (whose contribution is "sequence diagram"). Its' the superset of all the
methodologies.
16. Who were the three famous amigos and what was their contribution to the object
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community?
The Three amigos namely,
James Rumbaugh (OMT): A veteran in analysis who came up with an idea about the
objects and their Relationships (in particular Associations).
Grady Booch: A veteran in design who came up with an idea about partitioning of
systems into subsystems.
Ivar Jacobson (Objectory): The father of USECASES, who described about the user
and system interaction.
17. Differentiate the class representation of Booch, Rumbaugh and UML?
If you look at the class representaiton of Rumbaugh and UML, It is some what
similar and both are very easy to draw.
Representation: OMT
UML.
Diagram:
Booch: In this method classes are represented as "Clouds" which are not very easy
to draw as for as the developer's view is concern.
Diagram:
18. What is an USECASE? Why it is needed?

A Use Case is a description of a set of sequence of actions that a system performs
that yields an observable result of value to a particular action.
In SSAD process <=> In OOAD USECASE. It is represented elliptically.
Representation:
19. Who is an Actor?

An Actor is someone or something that must interact with the system.In addition
to that an Actor initiates the process(that is USECASE).
It is represented as a stickman like this.
Diagram:
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20. What is guard condition?

Guard condition is one, which acts as a firewall. The access from a particular
object can be made only when the particular condition is met.
For Example,
customer
check customer number ATM.
Here the object on the customer accesses the ATM facility only when the guard condition
is met.
21. Differentiate the following notations?
I:
:obj1
:obj2
II:
:obj1
:obj2
In the above representation I, obj1 sends message to obj2. But in the case of II the
data is transferred from obj1 to obj2.
22. USECASE is an implementation independent notation. How will the designer give the
implementation details of a particular USECASE to the programmer?
This can be accomplished by specifying the relationship called "refinement
which talks about the two different abstraction of the same thing.
Or example,
calculate pay
calculate
class1 class2 class3
23. Suppose a class acts an Actor in the problem domain, how to represent it in the static
model?
In this scenario you can use stereotype. Since stereotype is just a string that
gives extra semantic to the particular entity/model element. It is given with in the << >>.
class A
<< Actor>>
attributes
methods.
24. Why does the function arguments are called as "signatures"?
The arguments distinguish functions with the same name (functional
polymorphism). The name alone does not necessarily identify a unique function.
However, the name and its arguments (signatures) will uniquely identify a function.
In real life we see suppose, in class there are two guys with same name, but they
295
can be easily identified by their signatures. The same concept is applied here.
ex:
class person
{
public:
char getsex();
void setsex(char);
void setsex(int);
};
In the above example we see that there is a function setsex() with same name but
with different signature.
Playing with scanf function

Operators & Expressions
_____ _____________________________________
[Q001]. Determine which of the following are VALID identifiers. If invalid, state the
reason.
(a) sample1 (b) 5sample (c) data_7
(d) return
(e) #fine
(f) variable
(g) 91-080-100
(h) name & age
(i) _val(j)
name_and_age
Ans. (a) VALID
(b) Invalid, since an identifier must begin with a letter or an underscore
(c) VALID
(d) Invalid, since return is a reserved word
(e) Invalid, since an identifier must begin with a letter or an underscore
(f) VALID
(g) Invalid, since an identifier must begin with a letter or an underscore
(h) Invalid, since blank spaces are not allowed
(i) VALID
(j) VALID
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
[Q002]. Determine which of the following are VALID character constants. If invalid,
state the reason.
(a) 'y'
(b) '\r' (c) 'Y'
(d) '@'
(e) '/r'
(f) 'word'
(g) '\0' (h) '\?' (i) '\065'
(j) '\'' (k) ' '
Ans. (a) VALID
(b) VALID
(c) VALID
(d) VALID
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(e) Invalid, since escape sequences must be written with a backward slash (i.e. \)
(f) Invalid, since a character constant cannot consist of multiple characters
(g) VALID (null-character escape sequence)
(h) VALID
(i) VALID (Octal escape sequence)
(j) VALID
(k) VALID
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
[Q003]. Determine which of the following are VALID string constants. If invalid, state
the reason.
(a) 'Hi Friends'
(b) "abc,def,ghi"
(c) "Qualification
(d) "4325.76e-8"
(e) "Don\'t sleep"
(f) "He said, "You\'re
great"
(g) ""
(h) "
"
(i) "Rs.100/-"
Ans. (a) Invalid, since a string constant must be enclosed in double quotation marks
(b) VALID
(c) Invalid, since trailing quotation mark is missing
(d) VALID
(e) VALID (single-quote escape sequence)
(f) Invalid, since the quotation marks and (optionally) apostrophe within the string
cannot be expressed without the escape sequences.
(g) VALID
(h) VALID
(i) VALID
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
[Q004]. Determine which of the following numerical values are valid constants. If a
constant is
valid, specify whether it is integer or real. Also, specify the base for each valid integer
constant.
(a) 10,500
(b) 080
(c) 0.007
(d) 5.6e7
(e) 5.6e-7
(f) 0.2e-0.3 (g) 0.2e 0.3 (h) 0xaf9s82 (i) 0XABCDEFL
(j) 0369CF
(k) 87654321l (l) 87654321
Ans. (a) Invalid, since illegal character(,)
(b) VALID
(c) VALID
(d) VALID
(e) VALID
(f) VALID
(g) Invalid, since illegal character(blank space)
(h) Invalid, since illegal character(s)
(i) VALID
(j) Invalid, since illegal characters (9, C, F), if intended as an octal constant.
297
(k) VALID
(l) VALID
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
[Q005]. Determine which of the following floating-point constants are VALID for the
quantity (5 * 100000).
(a) 500000
(b) 0.5e6
(c) 5E5
(d) 5e5
(e) 5e+5
(f) 500E3
(g) .5E6
(h) 50e4
(i) 50.E+4
(j) 5.0E+5
(k) All of the above
(l) None of these
Ans. (k)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
[Q006]. What will be the output of the following program :
void main()
{
printf("%f",123.);
}
(a)123
(c)123.00
(d)123.000000
Ans. (d)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
printf("%d",sizeof(integer));
}
(a)2
(c)4
(d)None of these
Ans. (b) since there is no such data type called 'integer'.
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
char str[]="C For Swimmers";
printf("%d",sizeof str);
}
(a)14
(c)15
(d)None of these
Ans. (a)--c
298
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
printf("%d",++(sizeof(str)));
}
(a)14
(c)15
(d)None of these
Ans. (b)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
printf("%d",-sizeof(str));
}
(a)14
(c)-15
(d)-14
Ans. (c)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
printf("%d",!(100==100)+1);
}
(a)100
(b)0
(c)1
(d)2
Ans. (c)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int x=5,y=6,z=2;
z/=y/z==3?y/z:x*y;
printf("%d",z);
}
(a)Compile-Time Error
(b)2
(c)0
Ans. (c)
(d)1
299
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
printf("%d %d %d",5,!5,25 - !25);
}
(a)5 10 22
(b)5 5 25
(c)5 0 25
(d)5 1 24
Ans. (c)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
int main()
{
int a=500,b=100,c=30,d=40,e=19;
a+=b-=c*=d/=e%=5;
printf("%d %d %d %d %d",a,b,c,d,e);
}
(a)500 100 30 40 4 (b)Run-Time Error (c)700 200 300 10 4 (d)300 -200 300 10 4
Ans. (d)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int a=500,b=100,c=30,d=40,e=19;
if ((((a > b) ? c : d) >= e) && !((e <= d) ? ((a / 5) == b) : (c == d)))
printf("Success");
else
printf("Failure");
}
(a)VALID : Success (b)VALID : Failure (c)INVALID
(d)None of these
Ans. (b)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int a=1,b=2,c=3,d=4;
printf("%d",!a?b?!c:!d:a);
}
(a)1
(b)2
(c)3
(d)4
300
Ans. (a)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int i=12345,j=-13579,k=-24680;
long ix=123456789;
short sx=-2222;
unsigned ux=5555;
printf("\n%d %d %d %ld %d %u",i,j,k,ix,sx,ux);
printf("\n\n%3d %3d %3d\n%3ld %3d %3u",i,j,k,ix,sx,ux);
printf("\n\n%8d %8d %8d\n%15ld %8d %8u",i,j,k,ix,sx,ux);
printf("\n\n%-8d %-8d\n%-8d %-15ld\n%-8d %-8u",i,j,k,ix,sx,ux);
printf("\n\n%+8d %+8d\n%+8d %+15ld\n%+8d %8u",i,j,k,ix,sx,ux);
printf("\n\n%08d %08d\n%08d %015ld\n%08d %08u",i,j,k,ix,sx,ux);
}
Ans. 12345 -13579 -24680 123456789 -2222 5555
12345 -13579 -24680
123456789 -2222 5555
12345 -13579 -24680
123456789 -2222 5555
12345 -13579
-24680 123456789
-2222 5555
+12345 -13579
-24680
+123456789
-2222 5555
00012345 -0013579
-0024680 000000123456789
-0002222 00005555
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int i=12345,j=0xabcd9,k=077777;
printf("%d %x %o",i,j,k);
printf("\n%3d %3x %3o",i,j,k);
301
printf("\n%8d %8x %8o"i,j,k);
printf("\n%-8d %-8x %-8o",i,j,k);
printf("\n%+8d %+8x %+8o",i,j,k);
printf("\n%08d %#8x %#8o",i,j,k);
}
Ans. 12345 abcd9 77777
12345 abcd9 77777
12345 abcd9 77777
12345 abcd9 77777
+12345 abcd9 77777
00012345 0xabcd9 077777
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
char c1='A', c2='B', c3='C';
printf("%c %c %c",c1,c2,c3);
printf("\n%c%c%c",c1,c2,c3);
printf("\n%3c %3c %3c",c1,c2,c3);
printf("\n%3c%3c%3c",c1,c2,c3);
printf("\nc1=%c c2=%c c3=%c",c1,c2,c3);
}
Ans. A B C
ABC
A B C
A B C
c1=A c2=B c3=C
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
float a=2.5, b=0.0005, c=3000.;
printf("%f %f %f",a,b,c);
printf("\n%3f %3f %3f",a,b,c);
printf("\n%8f %8f %8f",a,b,c);
printf("\n%8.4f %8.4f %8.4f",a,b,c);
printf("\n%8.3f %8.3f %8.3f",a,b,c);
printf("\n%e %e %e",a,b,c);
printf("\n%3e %3e %3e",a,b,c);
printf("\n%12e %12e %12e",a,b,c);
printf("\n%8.2e %8.2e %8.2e",a,b,c);
printf("\n%-8f %-8f %-8f",a,b,c);
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printf("\n%+8f %+8f %+8f",a,b,c);
printf("\n%08f %08f %08f",a,b,c);
printf("\n%#8f %#8f %#8f",a,b,c);
printf("\n%g %g %g",a,b,c);
printf("\n%#g %#g %#g"a,b,c);
}
Ans. 2.500000 0.000500 3000.000000
2.500000 0.000500 3000.000000
2.500000 0.000500 3000.000000
2.5000 0.0005 3000.0000
2.500 0.001 3000.000
2.500000e+000 5.000000e-004 3.000000e+003
2.500000e+000 5.000000e-004 3.000000e+003
2.500000e+000 5.000000e-004 3.000000e+003
2.5000e+000 5.0000e-004 3.0000e+003
2.50e+000 5.00e-004 3.00e+003
2.500000 0.000500 3000.000000
+2.500000 +0.000500 +3000.000000
2.500000 0.000500 3000.000000
2.500000 0.000500 3000.000000
2.5 0.0005 3000
2.500000 0.000500 3000.000000
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
printf("%s",str);
printf("\n%.5s",str);
printf("\n%8.*s",5,str);
printf("\n%-10s %.1s",str+6,str);
}
Ans. C For Swimmers
C For
C For
Swimmers C
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int a=1,b=2,c=3;
303
scanf("%d %*d %d",&a,&b,&c);
printf("a=%d b=%d c=%d",a,b,c);
}
[NOTE : 3 values entered by the user are:100 200 300]
(a)1 2 3
(b)100 200 300
(c)100 200 3
(d)100
300 3
Ans. (d)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
char line[80]; // Max. length=80 Chars
scanf("%[^,]s",line);
printf("\n%s",line);
}
[NOTE : THE USER INPUT IS:Dear Friends, What is the output?]
(b)Dear Friends
(c)What is the output?
(d)None of these
Ans. (b)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
char a,b,c;
scanf("%c%c%c",&a,&b,&c);
printf("a=%c b=%c c=%c",a,b,c);
}
[NOTE : THE USER INPUT IS :A B C]
(a)a=A b=B c=C
(b)a=A b= c=B
(c)a=A b= c=C
(d)None of these
Ans. (b)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int i=1;
float f=2.25;
scanf("%d a %f",&i,&f);
printf("%d %.2f",i,f);
}
304
[NOTE : THE USER INPUT IS:5 5.75]
(a)1 2.25
(b)5 5.75
(c)5 2.25
(d)None of
these
Ans. (c)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
char a,b,c;
scanf("%c %c %c",&a,&b,&c);
printf("a=%c b=%c c=%c",a,b,c);
}
[NOTE : THE USER INPUT IS :ABC DEF GHI]
(a)a=ABC b=DEF c=GHI
(b)a=A b=B c=C
(c)a=A b=D c=G
(d)None of these
Ans. (b)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
char a[80],b[80],c[80];
scanf("%1s %5s %3s",a,b,c);
printf("%s %s %s",a,b,c);
}
[NOTE : THE USER INPUT IS:CMeansSea Ocean Vast]
(a)C O V
(b)C Means Sea
(c)C Ocean Vas
(d)None of these
Ans. (b)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int a,b,c;
scanf("%1d %2d %3d",&a,&b,&c);
printf("Sum=%d",a+b+c);
}
[NOTE : THE USER INPUT IS :123456 44 544]
(a)Sum=480
(b)Sum=594
(c)Sum=589
these
Ans. (a)
(d)None of
305
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
[Q029]. What happens when the following program is executed :
void main()
{
char line[80];
scanf("%[^1234567890\n]",line);
}
(a)Accepts the string that contains DIGITS only.
(b)Accepts the string that contains DIGITS and NEWLINE characters.
(c)Accepts the string that contains anything other than the DIGITS and NEWLINE
characters.
(d)None of these
Ans. (c)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
[Q030]. What happens when the following program is executed :
void main()
{
char line[80];
scanf("%[^*]",line);
}
(a)Accepts the string that contains DIGITS & ALPHABETS only.
(b)Accepts the string that contains * or asterisk characters only.
(c)Accepts the string that contains anything other than the * or asterisk character.
(d)None of these
Ans. (c)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
printf();
}
(a)Run-Time Error (b)Compile-Time Error
(c)No Output
(d)None of these
Ans. (b) Since there must be enough arguments for the format.
_____________________________________________________
void main()
{
printf(NULL);
306
}
(c)No Output
(d)None of these
Ans. (c) Since NULL is a constant value or NULL pointer value or a NULL string.
____________________________________________________
void main()
{
printf("%%",7);
}
(a)7
(c)%
(d)%%
Ans. (c) Since % is a format specifier & excess arguments (more than required by the
format) are
merely ignored.
__________________________________________________________
void main()
{
printf("//",5);
}
(a)5
(c)/
Ans. (d) Since // is taken as string
_____________________________________________________________
(d)//

void main()
{
printf("d%",8);
}
(a)8
(c)d%
(d)None of these
Ans. (c) Since excess arguments (more than required by the format) are merely ignored.
__________________________________________________________
void main()
{
printf("%d"+0,123);
}
(a)123
(c)No Output
(d)None of these
Ans. (a) since"%d"+0 has no effect on the output operation.
__________________________________________________________________
307
void main()-----------------doubt
{
printf("%d"+1,123);
}
(a)123
(c)d
(d)No Output
Ans. (c) since "%d"+1 (i.e 1 or > 0) affects the program output by considering "%d" as
string and ignores 123
Where 1 refers to the index i.e. 2nd character in the array or string "%d".
_______________________________________________________________
void main()
{
printf("%d",printf("Hi!")+printf("Bye"));
}
(a)ByeHi!6 (b)Hi!Bye6
(d)None of these
Ans. (b) Since L->R priority & the length of the strings 'Hi!' & 'Bye' is 3+3=6
____________________________________________________________
void main()
{
printf("%d",printf("Hi!")*printf("Bye"));
}
(a)ByeHi!6
(b)Hi!Bye9
(c)Hi!Bye
(d)None of
these
Ans. (b) Since L->R priority & the length of the strings 'Hi!' & 'Bye' is 3*3=9
________________________________________________________
void main()
{
printf("%d",printf("")+printf(""));
}
(a)0
(b)No Output
(d)None of these
Ans. (a) Since L->R priority & the length of the 2 empty strings are : 0+0=0
____________________________________________________________
void main()
{
printf("Hi Friends"+3);
}
308
(a)Hi Friends
(b)Friends
(c)Hi Friends3
(d)None of these
Ans. (b) Since (base adress)+0 points to the value 'H'. Now the NEW (base address)
equals (base address)+3 that points to the character 'F'. Thus it prints the string from 'F'
onwards.
___________________________________________________________
void main()
{
printf("C For ") + printf("Swimmers");
}
(b)C For Swimmers (c)Run-Time Error
(d)None of these
Ans. (b) It is a VALID C statement.
____________________________________________________________
void main()
{
printf("\/\*\-*\/");
}
(a)Run-Time Error (b)\/*-*\/
(c)/*-*/
(d)None of
these
Ans. (c) Since \ is an escape sequence character. Be careful while analyzing such
statements.
_______________________________________________________________
int main()
{
int main=7;
{
printf("%d",main);
return main;
}
printf("Bye");
}
(b)Run-Time Error (c)7Bye
(d)7
Ans. (d) It is a VALID C statement. Prints 7 and returns the same to the OS. NOTE: Last
printf statement will not be executed.
________________________________________________________
void main()
309
{
main();
}
(b)Run-Time Error (c)Infinite Loop (d)None of these
Ans. (c) It is a VALID C statement. It is like a recursive function & the statements get
executed infinite number of times. (All compilers will not support)
_____________________________________________________________
void main()
{
printf("Work" "Hard");
}
(a)Work
(b)Hard
(c)No Output
(d)WorkHard
Ans. (d) Since L->R priority. First it prints the word 'Work' & then 'Hard'.
______________________________________________________________
void main()
{
char str[]="%d";
int val=25;
printf(str,val);
}
(b)Run-Time Error (c)25 (d)None of these
Ans. (c) It is a VALID C statement. First parameter contains the format specifier & the
Second parameter contains the actual value 25.
________________________________________________________
void main()
{
int val=75;
printf("%d",val,.,.);
}
(b)Unpredictable
(c)75 (d)None of these
Ans. (b) Output is Unpredictable B'coz there are not enough arguments for the format.
But it is a VALID C statement.
____________________________________________________
void main()---------------------doubt
{
int val=10;
printf("%d",val+1,"%d",val--);
}
310
(a)10
(b)11 10
(c)11 9
(d)10 9
Ans. (a) Since R->L priority. The second format specifier %d is an excess argument
and it is ignored.
______________________________________________________________
void main()
{
int val=5;
printf("%d %d %d %d",val,--val,++val,val--);
}
(a)3 4 6 5
(b)5 5 6 5
(c)4 4 5 5
(d)None of these
Ans. (c) Since R->L priority.
___________________________________________________________

void main()
{
int val=5,num;
printf("%d",scanf("%d %d",&val,&num));
}
[NOTE : ASSUME 2 values are entered by the user are stored in the variables 'val' &
'num' respectively.]
(a)1
(b)2
(c)5
(d)None of
these
Ans. (b) Since scanf statement returns the number of input fields successfully scanned,
converted
& stored.
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
#define Compute(x,y,z) (x+y-z)---------------doubt
311
void main()
{
int x=2,y=3,z=4;
printf("%d",Compute(y,z,(-x+y)) * Compute(z,x,(-y+z)));
}
(a)40
(b)30
(d)None of these
Ans. (b) Since it is macro function. NOTE : Be careful while doing such type of
calculations.
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int m=10,n=20;
printf("%d %d %d",m/* m-value */,/* n-value */n,m*/* Compute m*n */n);
}
(a)Run-Time Error (b)10 20 200
(d)None of these
Ans. (b) Since comments /*...*/ are ignored by the compiler.
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int m=10,n=20;
/* printf("%d",m*n);
}
(a)VALID but No Output
(b)VALID : Prints 200
(d)None of these
Ans. (c) Since COMMENT statement not ended properly i.e */ is missing in the above
program.
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int val=97;
"Printing..."+printf("%c",val);
}
(a)Printing...97
(b)97
Ans. (d) Since alphabet 'a' is the ASCII equivalent of 97.
(d)a
312
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int val=5;
printf("%d",val);
}
(a)Skills5
(b)C1
(d)CSkills7
Ans. (d) VALID Since 'printf' function return the no. of bytes output.
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
char str[]="Test";
if ((printf("%s",str)) == 4)
printf("Success");
else
printf("Failure");
}
(a)TestFailure
(b)TestSuccess
(d)Test
Ans. (b) VALID Since 'printf' function return the no. of bytes output.
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int val=5;
printf("%*d",val);
}
(a) 5
(b)5
(d)None of
these
Ans. (a) VALID Since '*' specifies the precision (i.e. the next argument in the precision).
If no
precision is specified then the value itself will be the precision value. Thus it prints 5
BLANK
SPACES & then the value 5.
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
313

void main()--------------------------doubt
{
int val=5;
printf("%d5",val);
}
(b)5
(c)55
(d) 5
Ans. (c)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
}
int val=5;
printf("%d",5+val++);
{
(b)5
(c)10
(d)11
Ans. (a) Since incorrect usage of pair of braces } and {. Correct usage : Each compound
statement
should be enclosed within a pair of braces, i.e { and }.
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
Topic : Decision-making, Branching, Looping & Bit-wise operations
void main()
{
printf("Hi!");
if (-1)
printf("Bye");
}
(a)No Output
(b)Hi!
(c)Bye
(d)Hi!Bye
Ans. (d)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
printf("Hi!");
if (0 || -1)
printf("Bye");
314
}
(a)No Output
(b)Hi!
(c)Bye
(d)Hi!Bye
Ans. (d)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
printf("Hi!");
if (!1)
printf("Bye");
}
(b)Hi!
(c)Bye
(d)Hi!
Bye
Ans. (b)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
printf("Hi!");
if !(0)
printf("Bye");
}
(b)Hi!
(c)Bye
(d)Hi!
Bye
Ans. (a)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
printf("Hi!");
if (-1+1+1+1-1-1-1+(-1)-(-1))
printf("Bye");
}
(a)No Output
(b)Hi!
(c)Bye
(d)Hi!Bye
Ans. (d)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
315
{
if (sizeof(int) && sizeof(float) && sizeof(float)/2-sizeof(int))
printf("Testing");
printf("OK");
}
(a)No Output
(b)OK
(c)Testing
(d)TestingOK
Ans. (b)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int a=1,b=2,c=3,d=4,e;
if (e=(a & b | c ^ d))
printf("%d",e);
}
(a)0
(b)7
(c)3
(d)No Output
Ans. (b)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
unsigned val=0xffff;
if (~val)
printf("%d",val);
printf("%d",~val);
}
(b)-1
(c)0
(d)-1 0
Ans. (c)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
unsigned a=0xe75f,b=0x0EF4,c;
c=(a|b);
if ((c > a) && (c > b))
printf("%x",c);
}
(a)No Output
(b)0xe75f
(c)0xefff
these
Ans. (c)
.(d)None of
316
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
unsigned val=0xabcd;
if (val>>16 | val<<16)
{
printf("Success");
return;
}
printf("Failure");
}
(a)No Output
(b)Success
(c)Failure
(d)SuccessFailure
Ans.(b)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
unsigned x=0xf880,y=5,z;
z=x<<y;
printf("%#x %#x",z,x>>y-1);
}
(a)1000 f87
(b)8800 0xf88
(c)1000 f88
(d)0x1000
0xf88
Ans. (d)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
register int a=5;
int *b=&a;
printf("%d %d",a,*b);
}
(b)Run-Time error
(c)5 5
(d)Unpredictable
Ans. (a)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
317
auto int a=5;
void main()
{
printf("%d",a);
}
(b)Run-Time error
(c)5
(d)Unpredictable
Ans. (a)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
auto int a=5;
printf("%d",a);
}
(b)Run-Time error
(c)5
(d)Unpredictable
Ans. (c)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int a=1,b=2,c=3,d=4;
if (d > c)
if (c > b)
printf("%d %d",d,c);
else if (c > a)
printf("%d %d",c,d);
if (c > a)
if (b < a)
printf("%d %d",c,a);
else if (b < c)
printf("%d %d",b,c);
}
(a)4 3 3 4
(b)4 3 3 2
(c)4 32 3
(d)4 33 1
Ans. (c)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
318
void main()
{
int a=1,b=2,c=3,d=4;
if (d > c)
if (c > b)
printf("%d %d",d,c);
if (c > a)
printf("%d %d",c,d);
if (c > a)
if (b < a)
printf("%d %d",c,a);
if (b < c)
printf("%d %d",b,c);
}
(a)4 32 3
(b)4 33 42 3
(c)4 3 3 4 2 3
(d)None of
these
Ans. (b)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int a=1;
if (a == 2);
printf("C Program");
}
(a)No Output
(b)C Program
Ans. (b)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int a=1;
if (a)
printf("Test");
else;
printf("Again");
}
(a)Again
(b)Test
(d)TestAgain
Ans. (d)
319
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int i=1;
for (; i<4; i++);
printf("%d\n",i);
}
(a)No Output
(b)1
(c)4
(d)None of
these
2
3
Ans. (c)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int a,b;
for (a=0; a<10; a++);
for (b=25; b>9; b-=3);
printf("%d %d",a,b);
}
(b)10 9
(c)10 7
(d)None of these
Ans. (c)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
float i;
for (i=0.1; i<0.4; i+=0.1)
printf("%.1f",i);
}
(a)0.10.20.3
(c)Run-Time Error (d)No
Output
Ans. (a)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
320
void main()
{
int i;
for (i=-10; !i; i++);
printf("%d",-i);
}
(a)0
(c)10
(d)No
Output
Ans. (c)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int i=5;
do;
printf("%d",i--);
while (i>0);
}
(a)5
(b)54321
(d)None of these
Ans. (c)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int i;
for (i=2,i+=2; i<=9; i+=2)
printf("%d",i);
}
(b)2468
(c)468
(d)None of these
Ans. (c)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int i=3;
for (i--; i<7; i=7)
printf("%d",i++);
}
321
(a)No Output
(b)3456
(c)23456
(d)None of these
Ans. (d)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int i;
for (i=5; --i;)
printf("%d",i);
}
(a)No Output
(b)54321
(c)4321
(d)None of these
Ans. (c)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int choice=3;
switch(choice)
{
default:
printf("Default");
case 1:
printf("Choice1");
break;
case 2:
printf("Choice2");
break;
}
}
(a)No Output
(b)Default
(c)DefaultChoice1
(d)None of
these
Ans. (c)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
322
static int choice;
switch(--choice,choice-1,choice-1,choice+=2)
{
case 1:
printf("Choice1");
break;
case 2:
printf("Choice2");
break;
default:
printf("Default");
}
}
(a)Choice1
(b)Choice2
(c)Default
(d)None of
these
Ans. (a)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
for (;printf(""););
}
(b)Executes ONLY once
(c)Executes
INFINITELY (d)None of these
Ans. (b)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int i;
for (;(i=4)?(i-4):i++;)
printf("%d",i);
}
(b)4
(c)Infinite Loop
(d)No
Output
Ans. (d)
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
323
void main()
{
static int j;
for (j<5; j<5; j+=j<5)
printf("%d",j++);
}
(a)024
(c)01234
(d)No
Output
Ans.
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int i=9;
for (i--; i--; i--)
printf("%d ",i);
}
(a)9 6 3
(c)7 5 3 1
(d)Infinite Loop
Ans.
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
void main()
{
int i;
for (i=5; ++i; i-=3)
printf("%d ",i);
}
(a)6 4 2
(c)6 3 1
(d)Infinite Loop
Ans.
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
[Q034]. Which of the following code causes INFINITE Loop :
(a)do while(1);
(b)do;while(1);
(d)do{}while(1);
while(1);
(i)Only (a)
these
(ii)Only (b), (c) & (d)
(c)do;
(iii)None of these
(iv)All of
324
Ans.
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
#define Loop(i) for (j=0; j<i; j++){ \
sum += i+j; \
}
void main()
{
int i,j,sum=0;
for (i=0; i<=3; i++)
Loop(i)
printf("%d",sum);
}
(c)18
(d)0
Ans.
_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________
(1) What will be output if you will compile and execute the following c code?
void main(){
int i=320;
char *ptr=(char *)&i;
printf("%d",*ptr);
}
(a)320
(b)1
(c)64
(d)Compiler error
(e)None of above
Output: (c)
325
Explanation:
As we know size of int data type is two byte while char pointer can pointer one
byte at time.
Memory representation of int i=320
So char pointer ptr is pointing to only first byte as shown above figure.
*ptr i.e. content of first byte is 01000000 and its decimal value is 64.
How to represent char, int and float data in memory?

Data type tutorial.
#define x 5+2
void main(){
int i;
i=x*x*x;
printf("%d",i);
}
(a)343
(b)27
(c)133
(d)Compiler error
(e)None of above
Output: (b)
326
Explanation:
As we know #define is token pasting preprocessor it only paste the value of
micro constant in the program before the actual compilation start. If you will
see intermediate file you will find:
test.c 1:
test.c 2: void main(){
test.c 3: int i;
test.c 4: i=5+2*5+2*5+2;
test.c 5: printf("%d",i);
test.c 6: }
test.c 7:
You can absorb #define only pastes the 5+2 in place of x in program. So,
i=5+2*5+2*5+2
=5+10+10+2
=27
What is intermediate file and how to see intermediate file?

Preprocessor tutorial.
void main(){
327
char c=125;
c=c+10;
printf("%d",c);
}
(a)135
(b)+INF
(c)-121
(d)-8
(e)Compiler error
Output: (c)
Explanation:
As we know char data type shows cyclic properties i.e. if you will increase or
decrease the char variables beyond its maximum or minimum value respectively it
will repeat same value according to following cyclic order:
So,
125+1= 126
125+2= 127
125+3=-128
125+4=-127
125+5=-126
125+6=-125
125+7=-124
125+8=-123
125+9=-122
328
125+10=-121
What is cyclic nature of data type?
Data type tutorial.

void main(){
float a=5.2;
if(a==5.2)
printf("Equal");
else if(a<5.2)
printf("Less than");
else
printf("Greater than");
}
(a)Equal
(b)Less than
(c)Greater than
(d)Compiler error
(e)None of above
Output: (b)
Explanation:
5.2 is double constant in c. In c size of double data is 8 byte while a is float
variable. Size of float variable is 4 byte.
So double constant 5.2 is stored in memory as:
329
101.00 11001100 11001100 11001100 11001100 11001100 11001101

Content of variable a will store in the memory as:
101.00110 01100110 01100110
It is clear variable a is less than double constant 5.2
Since 5.2 is recurring float number so it different for float and double. Number
likes 4.5, 3.25, 5.0 will store same values in float and double data type.
Note: In memory float and double data is stored in completely different way. If
you want to see actual memory representation goes to question number (60) and
(61).
Data type tutorial.
void main(){
int i=4,x;
x=++i + ++i + ++i;
printf("%d",x);
}
(a)21
(b)18
(c)12
(d)Compiler error
(e)None of above
Output: (a)
Explanation:
330
In ++a, ++ is pre increment operator. In any mathematical expression pre
increment operator first increment the variable up to break point then starts
assigning the final value to all variable.
Step 1: Increment the variable I up to break point.

Step 2: Start assigning final value 7 to all variable i in the expression.
So, i=7+7+7=21
What is break point?
Operator tutorial.
void main(){
int a=2;
if(a==2){
a=~a+2<<1;
printf("%d",a);
}
else
{ break;
}
}
(a)It will print nothing.
(b)-3
(c)-2
331
(d)1
(e)Compiler error
Output: (e)
Explanation:
Keyword break is not part of if-else statement. Hence it will show compiler
error: Misplaced break
Where we can use break keyword?
Control statement tutorial
void main(){
int a=10;
printf("%d %d %d",a,a++,++a);
}
(a)12 11 11
(b)12 10 10
(c)11 11 12
(d)10 10 12
(e)Compiler error
Output: (a)
Explanation:
In c printf function follows cdecl parameter passing scheme. In this scheme
parameter is passed from right to left direction.
So first ++a will pass and value of variable will be a=10 then a++ will pass now
332
value variable will be a=10 and at the end a will pass and value of a will be
a=12.
What is cedecl and pascal parameter passing convention?
Function tutorial.
void main(){
char *str="Hello world";
printf("%d",printf("%s",str));
(a) 11Hello world

(b) 10Hello world
(c) Hello world10
(d) Hello world11
(e) Compiler error
Output: (d)
Explanation:
Return type of printf function is integer and value of this integer is exactly
equal to number of character including white space printf function prints. So,
printf(Hello world) will return 13.
What is prototype of printf function?
333
Formatted I/O tutorial.
#include "stdio.h"
#include "string.h"
void main(){
char *str=NULL;
strcpy(str,"cquestionbank");
printf("%s",str);
}
(a)cquestionbank
(b)cquestionbank\0
(c)(null)
(d)It will print nothing
(e)Compiler error
Output: (c)
Explanation:
We cannot copy any thing using strcpy function to the character pointer pointing
to NULL.
String tutorial.
More questions of string.
334
#include "stdio.h"
#include "string.h"
void main(){
int i=0;
for(;i<=2;)
printf(" %d",++i);
}
(a)0 1 2
(b)0 1 2 3
(c)1 2 3
(d)Compiler error
(e)Infinite loop
Output: (c)
Explanation:
In for loop each part is optional.
Complete tutorial of looping in C.
335
void main(){
int x;
for(x=1;x<=5;x++);
printf("%d",x);
}
(a)4
(b)5
(c)6
(d)Compiler error
(e)None of above
Output: (c)
Explanation:
Body of for loop is optional. In this question for loop will execute until value
of variable x became six and condition became false.
Looping tutorial.
336
void main(){
printf("%d",sizeof(5.2));
}
(a)2
(b)4
(c)8
(d)10
(e)Compiler error
Output: (c)
Explanation:
Default type of floating point constant is double. So 5.2 is double constant and
its size is 8 byte.
Detail explanation of all types of constant in C.
337
#include "stdio.h"
#include "string.h"
void main(){
char c='\08';
printf("%d",c);
}
(a)8
(b)8
(c)9
(d)null
(e)Compiler error
Output: (e)
Explanation:
In c any character is starting with character \ represents octal number in
character. As we know octal digits are: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. So 8 is not
an octal digit. Hence \08 is invalid octal character constant.
Octal character constantan.
Hexadecimal character constant.
#define call(x,y) x##y
338
void main(){
int x=5,y=10,xy=20;
printf("%d",xy+call(x,y));
}
(a)35
(b)510
(c)15
(d)40
(e)None of above
Output: (d)
Explanation:
## is concatenation c preprocessor operator. It only concatenates the operands
i.e.
a##b=ab
If you will see intermediate file then you will find code has converted into
following intermediate code before the start of actual compilation.
Intermediate file:
test.c 1:
test.c 3: int x=5,y=10,xy=20;
test.c 4: printf("%d",xy+xy);
test.c 5: }
339
test.c 6:
It is clear call(x, y) has replaced by xy.
What is macro call?

int * call();
void main(){
int *ptr;
ptr=call();
clrscr();
printf("%d",*ptr);
}
int * call(){
int a=25;
a++;
return &a;
}
(a)25
(b)26
(c)Any address
(d)Garbage value
(e)Compiler error
Output: (d)
Explanation:
340
In this question variable a is a local variable and its scope and visibility is
within the function call. After returning the address of a by function call
variable a became dead while pointer ptr is still pointing to address of
variable a. This problem is known as dangling pointer problem.
Complete pointer tutorial.
(16) What is error in following declaration?
struct outer{
int a;
struct inner{
char c;
};
};
(a)Nesting of structure is not allowed in c.

(b)It is necessary to initialize the member variable.
(c)Inner structure must have name.
(d)Outer structure must have name.
(e)There is not any error.
Output: (c)
Explanation:
It is necessary to assign name of inner structure at the time of declaration
341
other wise we cannot access the member of inner structure. So correct
declaration is:
struct outer{
int a;
struct inner{
char c;
}name;
};
Structure tutorial.
Union tutorial.
void main(){
int array[]={10,20,30,40};
printf("%d",-2[array]);
}
(a)-60
(b)-30
(c)60
342
(d)Garbage value
(e)Compiler error
Output: (b)
Explanation:
In c,
array[2]=*(array+2)=*(2+array)=2[array]=30
Array tutorial.
Array of pointer.
How to read complex pointers.
void main(){
int i=10;
343
static int x=i;

if(x==i)
printf("Equal");
else if(x>i)
else
}
(a)Equal
(b)Greater than
(c)Less than
(d)Compiler error
(e)None of above
Output: (d)
Explanation:
static variables are load time entity while auto variables are run time entity.
We can not initialize any load time variable by the run time variable.
In this example i is run time variable while x is load time variable.
What is storage class?
void main(){
344
int i=5,j=2;
if(++i>j++||i++>j++)
printf("%d",i+j);
}
(a)7
(b)11
(c)8
(d)9
(e)Compiler error
Output: (d)
Explanation:
|| is logical OR operator. In C logical OR operator doesnt check second operand
if first operand is true.
++i>j++ || i++>j++
First operand: ++i>j++
Second operand: i++>j++
First operand
++i > j++
=> 6 > 2
Since first operand is true so it will not check second operand.
Hence i= 6 and j=3
345
Properties of && operator.
Operator tutorial with examples.
#define max 5;
void main(){
int i=0;
i=max++;
printf("%d",i++);
}
(a)5
(b)6
(c)7
(d)0
(e)Compiler error
Output: (e)
Explanation:
#define is token pasting preprocessor. If you will see intermediate file: test.i
346
test.c 1:
test.c 3: int i=0;
test.c 4: i=5++;
test.c 5: printf("%d",i++);
test.c 6: }
test.c 7:
It is clear macro constant max has replaced by 5. It is illegal to increment the

constant number. Hence compiler will show Lvalue required.
What is Lvalue and Rvalue?
How to see intermediate file?
Preprocessor questions and answer.
void main(){
double far* p,q;
printf("%d",sizeof(p)+sizeof q);
347
}
(a)12
(b)8
(c)4
(d)1
(e)Compiler error
Output: (a)
Explanation:
It is clear p is far pointer and size of far pointer is 4 byte while q is double
variable and size of double variable is 8 byte.
What is near pointer?
What is far pointer?
What is huge pointer?
Complete pointer tutorial.
348
void main(){
int a=5;
float b;
printf("%d",sizeof(++a+b));
printf(" %d",a);
}
(a)2 6
(b)4 6
(c)2 5
(d)4 5
(e)Compiler error
Output: (d)
Explanation:
++a +b
=6 + Garbage floating point number
=Garbage floating point number
//From the rule of automatic type conversion
Hence sizeof operator will return 4 because size of float data type in c is 4
byte.
Value of any variable doesnt modify inside sizeof operator. Hence value of
variable a will remain 5.
349
Properties of sizeof operator.
Operators tutorial
void main(){
char huge *p=(char *)0XC0563331;
char huge *q=(char *)0XC2551341;
if(p==q)
printf("Equal");
else if(p>q)
else
}
(a)Equal
(b)Greater than
(c)Less than
(d)Compiler error
(e)None of above
350
Output: (a)
Explanation:
As we know huge pointers compare its physical address.
Physical address of huge pointer p
Huge address: 0XC0563331

Offset address: 0x3331
Segment address: 0XC056
Physical address= Segment address * 0X10 + Offset address

=0XC056 * 0X10 +0X3331
=0XC0560 + 0X3331
=0XC3891
Physical address of huge pointer q

351
=0XC255 * 0X10 +0X1341
=0XC2550 + 0X1341
=0XC3891
Since both huge pointers p and q are pointing same physical address so if
condition will true.

What is normalization?
Pointer tutorial.
void main(){
char *str;
scanf("%[^\n]",str);
printf("%s",str);
}
(a)It will accept a word as a string from user.
(b)It will accept a sentence as a string from user.
(c)It will accept a paragraph as a string from user.
(d)Compiler error
352
(e)None of above
Output: (b)
Explanation:
Task of % [^\t] is to take the stream of characters until it doesnt receive new
line character \t i.e. enter button of your keyboard.
General meaning of %[^ p]
String tutorial.
void main(){
int a=5,b=10,c=15;
int *arr[]={&a,&b,&c};
printf("%d",*arr[1]);
}
(a)5
(b)10
(c)15
(d)Compiler error
(e)None of above
353
Output: (d)
Explanation:
Array element cannot be address of auto variable. It can be address of static or
extern variables.
What is auto variable?
What is extern variable?
What is static variable?
Array tutorial.
void main(){
int array[3]={5};
int i;
for(i=0;i<=2;i++)
printf("%d ",array[i]);
}
(a)5 garbage garbage
354
(b)5 0 0
(c)5 null null
(d)Compiler error
(e)None of above
tput: (b)
Explanation:
Storage class of an array which initializes the element of the array at the time
of declaration is static. Default initial value of static integer is zero.
Properties of static storage class.
How to read complex array.
void main(){
int array[2][2][3]={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11};
printf("%d",array[1][0][2]);
}
(a)4
(b)5
(c)6
(d)7
355
(e)8
Output: 8
Explanation:
array[1][0][2] means 1*(2*3)+0*(3)+3=9th element of array starting from zero
i.e. 8.
Questions on two dimension array.
Complete tutorial of array.
void main(){
int a[2][4]={3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24};
printf("%d %d %d",*(a[1]+2),*(*(a+1)+2),2[1[a]]);
}
356
(a)15 18 21
(b)21 21 21
(c)24 24 24
(d)Compiler error
(e)None of above
Output: (b)
Explanation:
In c,
a [1][2]
=*(a [1] +2)
=*(*(a+1) +2)
=2[a [1]]
=2[1[a]]
Now, a [1] [2] means 1*(4) +2=6th element of an array staring from zero i.e. 21.
357
Concept of complex array.
Concept of complex pointer.
Concept of complex function.
void call(int,int,int);
void main(){
int a=10;
call(a,a++,++a);
}
void call(int x,int y,int z){
printf("%d %d %d",x,y,z);
}
(a)10 10 12
(b)12 11 11
(c)12 12 12
(d)10 11 12
(e)Compiler error
358
Output: (b)
Explanation:
Default parameter passing scheme of c is cdecl i.e. argument of function will
pass from right to left direction.
First ++a will pass and a=11

Then a++ will pass and a=11
Then a will pass and a=12
What is pascal and cedecl parameter passing scheme?
Concept of variable numbers of argument.
void main(){
int x=5,y=10,z=15;
printf("%d %d %d");
}
359
(a)Garbage Garbage Garbage
(b)5 10 15
(c)15 10 5
(d)Compiler error
(e)Run time error
Output: (c)
Explanation:
Auto variables are stored in stack as shown in following figure.
Stack follow LIFO data structure i.e. last come and first out. First %d will
print then content of two continuous bytes from the top of the stack and so on.
Memory map tutorial.
More questions based on memory map.
360
void main(){
register int i,x;
scanf("%d",&i);
x=++i + ++i + ++i;
printf("%d",x);
}
(a)17
(b)18
(c)21
(d)22
(e)Compiler error
Output: (e)
Explanation:
361
In c register variable stores in CPU it doesnt store in RAM. So register

variable have not any memory address. So it is illegal to write &a.
Complete tutorial of storage class with examples.
Properties of register storage class.
void main(){
int a=5;
int b=10;
{
int a=2;
a++;
b++;
}
}
(a)5 10
(b)6 11
(c)5 11
(d)6 10
(e)Compiler error
Output: (c)
362
Explanation:
Default storage class of local variable is auto. Scope and visibility of auto
variable is within the block in which it has declared. In c, if there are two
variables of the same name then we can access only local variable. Hence inside
the inner block variable a is local variable which has declared and defined
inside that block. When control comes out of the inner block local variable a
became dead.
Complete tutorial of storage class with examples.
What is auto storage class?
void main(){
float f=3.4e39;
printf("%f",f);
}
(a)3.4e39
(b)3.40000
(c)+INF
(d)Compiler error
(e)Run time error
363
Output: (c)
Explanation:
If you will assign value beyond the range of float data type to the float
variable it will not show any compiler error. It will store infinity.
Data type tutorial with examples.
Concept of float data type.
void main(){
enum color{
RED,GREEN=-20,BLUE,YELLOW
};
enum color x;
x=YELLOW;
printf("%d",x);
}
(a)-22
364
(b)-18
(c)1
(d)Compiler error
(e)None of above
Output: (b)
Explanation:
Default value of enum constant = value of previous enum constant +1
Default value of first enum constant=0
Hence:
BLUE=GREEN+1=-20+1=-19
YELLOW=BLUE+1=-19+1=-18
Complete tutorial of enum data type with examples.
void main(){
asm{
365
mov bx,8;
mov cx,10
add bx,cx;
}
printf("%d",_BX);
}
(a)18
(b)8
(c)0
(d)Compiler error
(e)None of above
Output: (a)
Explanation:
asm keyword is used to write assembly language program in c. mov command stores
the constants in the register bx, cx etc. add command stores the content of
register and stores in first register i.e. in bx.
366
How to write assembly language program by c?
Advance c tutorial.
void main(){
enum xxx{
a,b,c=32767,d,e
};
printf("%d",b);
}
(a)0
(b)1
(c)32766
(d)Compiler error
(e)None of above
367
Output: (d)
Explanation:
Size of enum constant is size of sign int. Since value of c=32767. Hence value
of d will be 32767+1=32768 which is beyond the range of enum constant.
Tutorial of data type with examples.
void main(){
signed int a=-1;
unsigned int b=-1;
if(a==b)
else
printf("Not equal");
}
(a)-1 -1
(b)-1 32767
(c)-1 -32768
(d)Not equal
(e)Compiler error
368
Output: (a)
Explanation:
What is automatic type conversion?
void main(){
float f=5.5f;
float x;
x=f%2;
printf("%f",x);
}
(a)1.500000
(b)1.000000
(c)5.500000
(d)Compiler error
(e)None of above
369
Output: (d)
Explanation:
Modular division is not allowed with floating number.
Properties of modular division.
Operators tutorial with examples.
void main(){
int a=-20;
int b=-3;
printf("%d",a%b);
}
(a)2
(b)-2
370
(c)18
(d)-18
(e)Compiler error
Output: (b)
Explanation:
Sign of resultant of modular division depends upon only the sign of first
operand.
Properties of modular division.

Operators tutorial with examples.
void main(){
char c='0';
printf("%d %d",sizeof(c),sizeof('0'));
}
(a)1 1
371
(b)2 2
(c)1 2
(d)2 1
(e)None of above
Output: (c)
Explanation:
Size of char data type is one byte while size of character constant is two byte.
Why character constant is of two byte in c?
void main(){
char *url="c:\tc\bin\rw.c";
printf("%s",url);
}
372
(a)c:\tc\bin\rw.c
(b)c:/tc/bin/rw.c
(c)c: c inw.c
(d)c:cinw.c
(e)w.c in
Output: (e)
Explanation:
1. \t is tab character which moves the cursor 8 space right.
2. \b is back space character which moves the cursor one space back.
3. \r is carriage return character which moves the cursor beginning of the line.
Complete string tutorial with examples.
Properties of escape characters.
373
void main(){
clrscr();
goto abc;
printf("main");
getch();
}
void dispaly(){
abc
:
printf("display");
}
(a)main
(b)display
(c)maindisplay
(d)displaymain
(e)Compiler error
Output: (e)
374
Explanation:
Label of goto cannot be in other function because control cannot move from one
function to another function directly otherwise it will show compiler error:
unreachable label
What is goto keyword.
Complete function tutorial with examples.
void main(){
int i=3;
if(3==i)
printf("%d",i<<2<<1);
else
}
(a)1
(b)48
(c)24
(d)Not equal
(e)Compiler error
375
Output: (c)
Explanation:
Associative of bitwise left shifting operator is left to right. In the following
expression:
i<<2<<1
There are two bitwise operators. From rule of associative leftmost operator will
execute first.
i <<><<>
After execution of leftmost bitwise left shifting operator:
so i=i*pow(2,2)
=3*
What is associative?
What is precedence?
Tutorial of bitwise operators.
376
void main(){
int x=2,y=3;
if(x+y<=5)
printf("True");
else
printf("False");
}
(a)True
(b)False
(c)Compiler error: Lvalued required
(d)Compiler error: Invalid expression
(e)None of above
Output: (a)
Explanation:
Expression x+y<=5
=> 2+3 <=5
377
=> 5<=5 is true because 5 is either greater than 5 or equal to 5.
Operator tutorial with examples.
void main(){
const int i=5;
i++;
printf("%d",i);
}
(a)5
(b)6
(c)0
(d)Compiler error
(e)None of above
Output: (d)
378
Explanation:
We cannot modify the const variable by using increment operator.
Properties of const keyword.
Properties of volatile keyword.
void main(){
const int x=25;
int * const p=&x;
*p=2*x;
printf("%d",x);
}
(a)25
(b)50
(c)0
(d)Compiler error
(e)None of above
379
Output: (b)
Explanation:
const keyword in c doesnt make any variable as constant but it only makes the
variable as read only. With the help of pointer we can modify the const
variable. In this example pointer p is pointing to address of variable x. In the
following line:
int * const p=&x;
p is constant pointer while content of p i.e. *p is not constant.
*p=2*x put the value 50 at the memory location of variable x.
What is constant pointer?
void main(){
380
int i=11;
int const * p=&i;
p++;
printf("%d",*p);
}
(a)11
(b) 12
(c)Garbage value
(d)Compiler error
(e)None of above
Output: (c)
Explanation:
In the following line:
int const * p=&i;
*p i.e. content of p is constant pointer p is not constant pointer. So we can
modify the pointer p. After incrementing the pointer it will point next memory
location and its content will any garbage value.
381
Note: We have assumed arbitrary memory address.
To make pointer p as constant pointer write:

int const * const p=&i;
Properties of volatile keyword.
void main(){
int a=15,b=10,c=5;
if(a>b>c )
printf("Trre");
else
printf("False");
}
382
(a)True
(b)False
(c)Run time error
(d)Compiler error
(e)None of above
Output: (b)
Explanation:
Relation operator in c always returns 1 when condition is true and 0 when
condition is false. So in the following expression
a>b>c
Associative of relational operators are left to right order of execution will be
following manner:
Hence in this expression first solve bolded condition: a > b > c

Since condition a>b is true so result will be 1. Now expression became:
383
1>c
Since this condition is false so result will be 0. Thus else part will execute.
What is associative?
What is precedence?
void main(){
float f;
f=3/2;
printf("%f",f);
}
(a)1.5
(b)1.500000
(c)1.000000
(d)Compiler error
(e)None of above
Output: (c)
Explanation:
384
In the following expression:
f=3/2 both 3 and 2 are integer constant hence its result will also be an integer
constant i.e. 1.
Properties of floating type numbers.
void main(){
int a=sizeof(a);
a=modify(a);
printf("%d",a);
}
int modify(int x){
int y=3;
_AX=x+y;
return;
}
(a)2
(b)3
(c)5
(d)Garbage value
(e)None of above
385
Output: (c)
Explanation:
_AX is register pseudo variable. It stores return type of function.
What is register pseudo variable?
What is global identifier?
#define PRINT printf("c");printf("c++");
void main(){
float a=5.5;
if(a==5.5)
PRINT
else
}
(a)c c++
(b)Not equal
(c)c
c++
386
(d)Compiler error
(e)None of above
Output: (d)
Explanation:
First see intermediate file:
try.c 1:
try.c 2: void main(){
try.c 3: float a=5.5;
try.c 4: if(a==5.5)
try.c 5: printf("c");printf("c++");
try.c 6: else
try.c 7: printf("Not equal");
try.c 8: }
try.c 9:
try.c 10:
387
If there are more than one statement in if block then it is necessary to write
inside the { } otherwise it will show compiler error: misplaced else
More questions on preprocessors.
Preprocessor tutorial with examples.
Links to this post

2 comments
C questions and answer
struct marks{
int p:3;
int c:3;
int m:2;
};
void main(){
struct marks s={2,-6,5};
388
printf("%d %d %d",s.p,s.c,s.m);
}
(a) 2 -6 5
(b) 2 -6 1
(c) 2 2 1
(d) Compiler error
(e) None of these
Answer: (c)
Explanation:
Binary value of 2: 00000010 (Select three two bit)
Binary value of 6: 00000110
Binary value of -6: 11111001+1=11111010
(Select last three bit)
Binary value of 5: 00000101 (Select last two bit)
Complete memory representation:

Structure tutorial
More questions
void main(){
389
static char *s[3]={"math","phy","che"};
typedef char *( *ppp)[3];
static ppp p1=&s,p2=&s,p3=&s;
char * (*(*array[3]))[3]={&p1,&p2,&p3};
char * (*(*(*ptr)[3]))[3]=&array;
p2+=1;
p3+=2;
printf("%s",(***ptr[0])[2]);
(a) math
(b) phy
(c) che
(d) Compiler error
(e) None of these
Answer: (c)
390
Explanation:
Here
ptr: is pointer to array of pointer to string.
P1, p2, p3: are pointers to array of string.
array[3]: is array which contain pointer to array of string.
Pictorial representation:
Note: In the above figure upper part of box represent content and lower part
represent memory address. We have assumed arbitrary address.
As we know p[i]=*(p+i)
(***ptr[0])[2]=(*(***ptr+0))[2]=(***ptr)[2]
=(***(&array))[2] //ptr=&array
=(**array)[2] //From rule *&p=p
=(**(&p1))[2] //array=&p1
=(*p1)[2]
=(*&s)[2] //p1=&s
=s[2]=che
How to read complex pointer?
391
Pointer tutorial.
#include"conio.h"
int display();
int(*array[3])();
int(*(*ptr)[3])();
void main(){
array[0]=display;
array[1]=getch;
ptr=&array;
printf("%d",(**ptr)());
(*(*ptr+1))();
}
int display(){
int x=5;
return x++;
}
(a)5
(b)6
(c)0
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(d)Compiler error
(e)None of these
Answer: (a)
Explanation:
In this example:
array []: It is array of pointer to such function which parameter is void and
return type is int data type.
ptr: It is pointer to array which contents are pointer to such function which
parameter is void and return type is int type data.
(**ptr)() = (** (&array)) () //ptr=&array

= (*array) () // from rule *&p=p
=array [0] () //from rule *(p+i)=p[i]
=display () //array[0]=display
(*(*ptr+1))() =(*(*&array+1))() //ptr=&array

=*(array+1) () // from rule *&p=p
=array [1] () //from rule *(p+i)=p[i]
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=getch () //array[1]=getch
How to read complex array?
Array tutorial.
void main(){
int i;
char far *ptr=(char *)0XB8000000;
*ptr='A';
*(ptr+1)=1;
*(ptr+2)='B';
*(ptr+3)=2;
*(ptr+4)='C';
*(ptr+5)=4;
}
394
Answer:
It output will be A, B and C in blue, green and red color respectively. As shown
in following figure:
What is far pointer?
Advance c tutorial?
Working with text video memory.
#include "dos.h"
void main(){
int j;
union REGS i,o;
char far *ptr=(char *)0XA0000000;
i.h.ah=0;
i.h.al=0x13;
395
int86(0x10,&i,&o);
for(j=1;j<=100;j++){
*(ptr+j)=4;
}
Answer:
One red color line in the graphics console as shown in the following figure
What is union REGS?
Advance c tutorial.
396
Working with graphics video memory.
void main(){
int huge*p=(int huge*)0XC0563331;
int huge*q=(int huge*)0xC2551341;
*p=200;
printf("%d",*q);
}
(a)0
(b)Garbage value
(c)null
(d) 200
(e)Compiler error
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Answer: (d)
Explanation:
Physical address of huge pointer p


=0XC056 * 0X10 +0X3331
=0XC0560 + 0X3331
=0XC3891
Physical address of huge pointer q


=0XC255 * 0X10 +0X1341
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=0XC2550 + 0X1341
=0XC3891
Since both huge pointers p and q are pointing same physical address so content
of q will also same as content of q.
Pointer tutorial.
(57) Write c program which display mouse pointer and position of pointer.(In x
coordinate, y coordinate)?
Answer:
#includedos.h
#includestdio.h
void main()
{
union REGS i,o;
int x,y,k;
//show mouse pointer
399
i.x.ax=1;
int86(0x33,&i,&o);
while(!kbhit()) //its value will false when we hit key in the key board
{
i.x.ax=3; //get mouse position
x=o.x.cx;
y=o.x.dx;
clrscr();
printf("(%d , %d)",x,y);
delay(250);
int86(0x33,&i,&o);
}
getch();
}
What is int86?
Advance c tutorial.
(58) Write a c program to create dos command: dir.

Answer:
Step 1: Write following code.
400
#include stdio.h
#include dos.h
void main(int count,char *argv[])
{
struct find_t q ;
int a;
if(count==1)
argv[1]="*.*";
a = _dos_findfirst(argv[1],1,&q);
if(a==0)
{
while (!a)
{
printf(" %s\n", q.name);
a = _dos_findnext(&q);
}
}
else
{
printf("File not found");
}
}
401
Step 2: Save the as list.c (You can give any name)

Step 3: Compile and execute the file.
Step 4: Write click on My computer of Window XP operating system and select
properties.
Step 5: Select Advanced -> Environment Variables
Step 6: You will find following window:
Click on new button (Button inside the red box)
Step 7: Write following:

Variable name: path
Variable value: c:\tc\bin\list.c (Path where you have saved)
Step 8: Open command prompt and write list and press enter.
Command line argument tutorial.
402
void main(){
int i=10;
static int x=i;
if(x==i)
printf("Equal");
else if(x>i)
else
}
(a) Equal
(b) Greater than
(c) Less than
(d) Compiler error
(e) None of above
403
Answer: (d)
Explanation:
static variables are load time entity while auto variables are run time entity.
We can not initialize any load time variable by the run time variable.
In this example i is run time variable while x is load time variable.
Properties of static variables.
Properties of auto variables.
void main(){
int i;
float a=5.2;
char *ptr;
ptr=(char *)&a;
for(i=0;i<=3;i++)
printf("%d ",*ptr++);
}
(a)0 0 0 0
(b)Garbage Garbage Garbage Garbage
(c)102 56 -80 32
(d)102 102 -90 64
404
(e)Compiler error
Answer: (d)
Explanation:
In c float data type is four byte data type while char pointer ptr can point one
byte of memory at a time.
Memory representation of float a=5.2
ptr pointer will point first fourth byte then third byte then second byte then
first byte.
Content of fourth byte:
Binary value=01100110
Decimal value= 64+32+4+2=102
Content of third byte:
Decimal value=64+32+4+2=102
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Content of second byte:

Decimal value=-128+32+4+2=-90
Content of first byte:
Decimal value=64
Note: Character pointer treats MSB bit of each byte i.e. left most bit of above
figure as sign bit.
How to represent float data type in memory?
void main(){
int i;
double a=5.2;
char *ptr;
ptr=(char *)&a;
for(i=0;i<=7;i++)
printf("%d ",*ptr++);
}
406
(a) -51 -52 -52 -52 -52 -52 20 64
(b) 51 52 52 52 52 52 20 64
(c) Eight garbage values.
(d) Compiler error
(e) None of these
Answer: (a)
Explanation:
In c double data type is eight byte data type while char pointer ptr can point
one byte of memory at a time.
Memory representation of double a=5.2
ptr pointer will point first eighth byte then seventh byte then sixth byte then
fifth byte then fourth byte then third byte then second byte then first byte as
shown in above figure.
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Content of eighth byte:

Decimal value= -128+64+8+4+1=-51
Content of seventh byte:
Decimal value= -128+64+8+4=-52
Content of sixth byte:
Content of fifth byte:
Content of fourth byte:
Content of third byte:
Content of second byte:
Decimal value=16+4=20
Content of first byte:
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Decimal value=64
Note: Character pointer treats MSB bit of each byte i.e. left most bit of above
figure as sign bit.
How to represent double data type in memory?
void main(){
printf("%s","c" "question" "bank");
}
(a) c question bank

(b) c
(c) bank
(d) cquestionbank
(e) Compiler error
409
Answer: (d)
Explanation:
In c string constant xy is same as x y
String tutorial.
void main(){
printf("%s",__DATE__);
}
(a) Current system date

(b) Current system date with time
(c) null
(d) Compiler error
(e) None of these
410
Answer: (a)
Explanation:
__DATE__ is global identifier which returns current system date.
What is global identifier?
void main(){
char *str="c-pointer";
printf("%*.*s",10,7,str);
}
(a) c-pointer
(b) c-pointer
(c) c-point
(d) cpointer null null
(e) c-point
411
Answer: (e)
Explanation:
Meaning of %*.*s in the printf function:
First * indicates the width i.e. how many spaces will take to print the string
and second * indicates how many characters will print of any string.
Following figure illustrates output of above code:
Properties of printf function.
void start();
void end();
#pragma startup start
#pragma exit end
int static i;
void main(){
412
printf("\nmain function: %d",++i);

}
void start(){
clrscr();
printf("\nstart function: %d",++i);
}
void end(){
printf("\nend function: %d",++i);
getch();
}
(a)
main function: 2
start function: 1
end function:3
(b)
start function: 1
main function: 2
end function:3
(c)
main function: 2
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end function:3
start function: 1
(d) Compiler error

(e) None of these
Answer: (b)
Explanation:
Every c program start with main function and terminate with null statement. But
#pragma startup can call function just before main function and #pragma exit
What is pragma directive?
414
void main(){
int a=-12;
a=a>>3;
printf("%d",a);
}
(a) -4
(b) -3
(c) -2
(d) -96
(e) Compiler error
Answer :( c)
Explanation:
Binary value of 12 is: 00000000 00001100

Binary value of -12 wills 2s complement of 12 i.e.
415
So binary value of -12 is: 11111111 11110100
Right shifting rule:

Rule 1: If number is positive the fill vacant spaces in the left side by 0.
Rule 2: If number is negative the fill vacant spaces in the left side by 1.
In this case number is negative. So right shift all the binary digits by three
space and fill vacant space by 1 as shown following figure:
Since it is negative number so output will also a negative number but its 2s
complement.
Hence final out put will be:
416
And its decimal value is: 2

Hence output will be:-2
More questions on shifting operator.
Operator tutorial.
#include "string.h"
void main(){
clrscr();
printf("%d %d",sizeof("string"),strlen("string"));
getch();
}
(a) 6 6
(b) 7 7
(c) 6 7
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(d) 7 6
(e) None of these
Answer: (d)
Explanation:
Sizeof operator returns the size of string including null character while strlen
function returns length of a string excluding null character.
String tutorial.
Library functions of string.
void main(){
static main;
int x;
x=call(main);
clrscr();
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printf("%d ",x);
getch();
}
int call(int address){
address++;
return address;
}
(a) 0
(b) 1
(c) Garbage value
(d) Compiler error
(e) None of these
Answer: (b)
Explanation:
As we know main is not keyword of c but is special type of function. Word main
can be name variable in the main and other functions.
What is main function in c?
419
void main(){
int a,b;
a=1,3,15;
b=(2,4,6);
clrscr();
printf("%d ",a+b);
getch();
}
(a) 3
(b) 21
(c) 17
(d) 7
(e) Compiler error
Answer: (d)
Explanation:
420
In c comma behaves as separator as well as operator.

a=1, 3, 15;
b= (2, 4, 6);
In the above two statements comma is working as operator. Comma enjoys least
precedence and associative is left to right.
Assigning the priority of each operator in the first statement:
Hence 1 will assign to a.

Assigning the priority of each operator in the second statement:
421
Operator tutorial.
int dynamic(int,...);
void main(){
int x,y;
x=dynamic(2,4,6,8,10,12,14);
y=dynamic(3,6,9,12);
clrscr();
printf("%d %d ",x,y);
getch();
}
int dynamic(int s,...){
void *ptr;
ptr=...;
(int *)ptr+=2;
s=*(int *)ptr;
return s;
422
(a) 8 12
(b) 14 12
(c) 2 3
(d) Compiler error
(e) None of these
Answer: (a)
Explanation:
In c three continuous dots is known as ellipsis which is variable number of
arguments of function. In this example ptr is generic pointer which is pointing
to first element of variable number of argument. After incrementing it will
point third element.
What is variable number of argument?
int extern x;
void main()
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printf("%d",x);
x=2;
getch();
}
int x=23;
(a) 0
(b) 2
(c) 23
(d) Compiler error
(e) None of these
Answer: (c)
Explanation:
extern variables can search the declaration of variable any where in the
program.
Properties of extern storage class.
424
void main(){
int i=0;
if(i==0){
i=((5,(i=3)),i=1);
printf("%d",i);
}
else
printf("equal");
}
(a) 5
(b) 3
(c) 1
(d) equal
(e) None of above
Answer: (c)
425
Explanation:
Comma operator.
Operator tutorial.
void main(){
int a=25;
clrscr();
printf("%o %x",a,a);
getch();
}
(a) 25 25
(b) 025 0x25
(c) 12 42
(d) 31 19
(e) None of these
426
Answer: (d)
Explanation:
%o is used to print the number in octal number format.
%x is used to print the number in hexadecimal number format.
Note: In c octal number starts with 0 and hexadecimal number starts with 0x.
What is octal number?
What is hexadecimal number?
#define message "union is\

power of c"
void main(){
clrscr();
printf("%s",message);
getch();
427
(a) union is power of c

(b) union ispower of c
(c) union is
Power of c
(d) Compiler error
(e) None of these
Answer: (b)
Explanation:
If you want to write macro constant in new line the end with the character \.
428
#define call(x) #x
void main(){
printf("%s",call(c/c++));
}
(a)c
(b)c++
(c)#c/c++
(d)c/c++
(e)Compiler error
Answer: (d)
Explanation:
# is string operator. It converts the macro function call argument in the
string. First see the intermediate file:
test.c 1:
429
test.c 3: printf("%s","c/c++");
test.c 4: }
test.c 5:
It is clear macro call is replaced by its argument in the string format.
What is # and ##?
Preprocessor tutorial?
void main(){
if(printf("cquestionbank"))
printf("I know c");
else
printf("I know c++");
}
(a) I know c
(b) I know c++
(c) cquestionbankI know c
(d) cquestionbankI know c++
430
(e) Compiler error
Answer: (c)
Explanation:
Return type of printf function is integer which returns number of character it
prints including blank spaces. So printf function inside if condition will
return 13. In if condition any non- zero number means true so else part will not
execute.
Prototype of printf function.
1. Which of the following does not have an unary operator?

1) -7
3) j
2) ++i
4) all of the above
2. In printf(),the appearance of the output of the output can be affected by

1) field with
3) flag
4) all of the above
3. Any of the following programs in c has access to three standard files:

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4) all the above
5) A variable can be declared static using the keyword.
1) extern
2) static
3) stat
4) auto
6) A program can be terminated at any time by calling the function
1) fflush()
3) exit()
2) ferror()
4) clearerr()
7) Heap
3) is a finite area
4) all of the above
8) A function can
1) perform a task
2) return a value
3) change value of actual arguments in call by reference
4) all of the above
9) Function definition void check(int i ,char*j) is

1) call by value
2)call by reference
3) both (1) and (2)
10) A union consists of a number of elements that
1) all occupy the same space in memory
2) must be structure
3) are grouped next to each other in memory
4) all have the same type
11) Which of the following array is defined in the statements
Char name[30]?
1) name is one dimensiona,30-element integer array
432
2) name is one dimensional,30-element floating point array
3) name is one dimensional ,30-element character array
4) name is one dimensional,30-elements string array
12) c program contains the following declaration:
Static float table[2][3]={ {1.1,1.2,1.3},
{2.1,2.2,2.3}
};
What is the value of *(*(table+1)+1)?
1) 2.2
3) 2.1
2) 1.2
4) 2.3
13) A c program contains the following declarations and initial

Assignments:
int i=8,j=5; float x=0.0005,y=-0.01;
Char c=c,d=d;
What would be the value of the following expression?
(3*i-2*j)%(2*d-3)
1)14
3) 1
2)18
4) 0
14) The declaration : int f(int); means

1) f accepts an integer argument and returns an integer quantity
2) f accepts two arguments and returns a double precision quantity, and the second is an
integer
3) f accepts three arguments and returns nothing. The first arguments
is a double-precision quantity, and the second is an integer
4) f does not accepts any arguments but returns a single character
16) The arguments of a function are included between
1) The parenthesis
2) double quotes
3) curly braces
4) #
17) The int type of constraints are whole numbers in the range
1) -23677 to 23678
3) -32767 to 32768
2) -32768 to 32767
4) -32864 to 32864
433
18) If the variables i,j and k are assigned the values 5,3 and 2 respectively, then the
expression i=j+(k++ =6)+7;
1) gives an error message
3) assigns a value 18 to i
19) In a relational expression involving characters, we actually

Compare
1)
2)
3)
4)
the ASCII codes of the characters

the characters themselves
neither of the two
binary code and hexadecimal code
21) The word case used in the switch statement represents a

1)
2)
3)
4)
function in the c language

data type in the c language
keyword in the c language
global variable in the c language
22)The logical NOT operator represented by ! is a

1) unary operator
3) ternary operator
2) binary operator
4) octal operator
23) The statement : scanf(%d,&i);

1)
2)
3)
4)
assigns an integer to the variable i

gives an error message;
does not assign any value to i
assigns an float to the variable i
24) A pointer is declared by using a statement such as

1) int *p;
2) point;
3) pointer *p; 4) int &p;
25)The null character is represented by

1) \n
2)\0
3)\o
4)\t
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26) The members in the union
1) have different memory locations
2) share the memory with a structure
3) have the same memory location
4) have different memory variable
27) The global variables by default belong to
3) the auto type
2) the static type

4) the dynamic type
28) The bit fields are the members of a/an

1) array
2) structure
3) union
4) both 2 and 3
29) In c, square brackets [ ] are used in

1) functions
2) arrays
3) statements 4) all of the above
30) A fields width specifier in a printf() function

31) The two operators && and || are
1) arithmetic operators
3) logical operators
2) equality operators
4) relational operators
32) The library files that come with c are

1) text editor for program development
2) the compiler and liker
3) program examples
4) files that contain functions which carry out various commonly Used operations and
calculations
33) Precedence determines which operator
435
1) is evaluated first
3) is fastest
2) is most important
4) operates on the largest number
37) The malloc() function

1) returns a pointer to the allocated memory
2) returns a pointer to the first byte of region of memory
3) changes the size of the allocated memory
4) deallocates the memory
38) which of the following expressions will return a 1 if both bits have A value of 1;
otherwise will return a value of 0?
1) AND
2)OR
3)XOR4)1stderr complement
39) If an error occurs while opening a file the file pointer is assigned a value
1) NULL
2) stdout
3) sstderr
4) not defined
40) Which of the following backslash codes used for bell?

1) \b
2) \a
3) \r
4) \s
41) One is not the valid keywords in the c language is

1) printf
2) CHAR
3) auto
4) scanf
42) The comments in a c language program are placed between

1) \* and /*
2) / and .*
3) /*and*/
4) # and #
43) If p and q are assigned the values 2 and 3 respectively then the statement p=q++
3) assigns a value 3 to p
44) A compound statement is a group of statement included between a pair of

1) double quots
3) parentesis
2) curly braces
4) / and/
436
45) The number of the relational operators in the c language is
1) four 2) six
3) three
4)one
46) In the c language, 3 represents

1) a digit
2)an integer
3)a character 4)a word
47) In the c language, a hexadecimal number is represented by writing

1) x
2) xo
3) 0x
4)h
48) A string in the c language is represented by enclosing a series of characters in

1) single quotes
3) parenthesis
2) double quotes
4) / and /
49) One structure can be

1)
2)
3)
4)
a member of some other structure

a member of the same structure
a member of a union
all of the above
51) Almost every c program begins with the statement

1) main() 2) printf()
3) #include<stdio.h> 4) scanf()
52) A single character input from the keyboard can be obtained by using the function
1) printf( ) 2) getchar( )
3) putchar( )
4) scanf( )
53) An expression
1)
2)
3)
4)
is a collection of data objects and operators that can be evaluated to a single value
is a name that substitutes for a sequence of characters
causes the computer to carry out some action
all of the above
54) The expression c=i++ causes
437
1)
2)
3)
4)
the value of I assigned to c and then I incremented by 1

I to be incremented by 1 and then the value of I assigned to @
Value of I assigned to c
I to be incremented by 1
55)The single character input/output functions are

1) scanf( ) and printf( )
3) scanf( ) and putchar( )
2) getchar( ) and printf( )

4) getchar( ) and putchar( )
56) The conversion character I for data output means that the
Data item is displayed as
1)
2)
3)
4)
a floating point value with an exponent

an unsigned decimal integer
a signed decimal integer
an octal integer
58) In a circular linked list

1)
2)
3)
4)
components are all linked together in some sequential manner

there is no beginning and no end
components are arranged hierarchically
forward and backward transversal within the list is permitted
60) A c function contain

1)function body
2)argument declaration
3)a function header 4)all of the above
C QUESTIONS ON ARRAYS
1. main()
{
Int a[5];
a[-2]=10;
a[2]=1;
printf(%d,-2[a]);
}
a) compilation error b)10 c)-1 d)none of the above
Ans c
438
2. main()
{
Char a[3][3]={{a,b,c},pqr,xy};
Printf(%s\n,&a[0][0]);
}
a) a b)compilation error c)abcpqrxy d)abc
Ans c
3. main()
{
char a[3][3]={abc,pqr,xyz};
printf(%c,a[2][2]);
}
a) q b) r c) z d) compilation error
Ans c
4) main()
{
Char a[100]={abcdef};
a++;
printf(%s,&a[1]);
}
b) bcdef b) abcdef c)compilation error d) none of the above
Ans c
5)
main()
{
Char *p=algc;
Printf(%c,++*(p++));
Printf(%c,*++p);
}
a) al b) bg c) lg d) none of the above
ans b
6)
main()
{
Int n[25];
n[0]=100;
n[24]=200;
printf(%d%d,*n,*(n+24)+*(n+0));
}
439
a) 100 200 b) 100 300 c) 0,100 d) 0,200

Ans b
7)main()
{
Int a[3]={1};
Printf(%d,a[1]);
}
a) 1 b) 0 c) compillation error d) none of the above
Ans b
8)
main()
{
Static int n[3][3]={2,4,3,6,8,5,3,5,1};
Printf(%d%d%d,n[2][1],n[1][1],n[3][1]);
}
a)5 8 garbage value b) 845 c)623 d)825
ans a)
9) main()
{
Char a=ab;
Printf(%c,a);
}
a) a b) b c) ab d) error
ans a)
10) main()
{
Char *p;
p=%d\n;
p[1]=c;
printf(p,65);
}
a) A b) c c) 65 d) error
ans a
11) main()
{
int a=1;
440
switch(a==5)
{
Case 1: pf(hi);
Break;
Case 0:pf(hello);break;
Default : pf(wipro\n);
}
}
a) Hi b)hello c) hi d)wipro
Ans: b
12) main()
{
Char a[]={\012345\};
Printf(%s %d %d\n,a,sizeof(a),sizeof(*a));
}
13) main()
{
Char a[]=hell0009;
Printf(%s\n,a);
}
Ans:: hell0009
DATA STRUCTURES ON SINGLE LINKED LIST
1) each structure in a single linked list contains ---------&------------a) data & pointer to hold the address of that node.
b) data & pointer to hold the address of next node.
c) data & pointer to hold the address of previous node.
d) pointer to hold the address of next and previous node.
Ans b
2) what does the last node link contain
a) address of first node
b) address of that node
c) null
d) address of previous node
ans c
3) steps involved in insertion of a node
441
a) Creating a new node.
b) Accepting data into the node
c) If the list does not exist, assign start to the new node.
d) If the list exists insert the new node at the end of the list.
a) 1 2 3 4
b) 1 3 2 4
c) 4 3 2 1
d) 3 1 2 4
Ans a)
4)
1)
2)
3)
4)
steps involved in traversing the list

store the address of the start node in a temporary variable.
Repeat steps 2 & 3 until the the temporary pointer points to null.
Print data in the node.
Move the temporary pointer pointer to the next node.
a) 1 2 3 4
b) 1 4 3 2
c) 1 3 4 2
d) 2 3 1 4
Ans c
5) steps involved in traversing the list
1)
Free the memory occupied by the deleted node.
2) if the node to be deleted is the start then start is made to point to the next node.
3) searching for the node to be deleted by comparing the data with the data entered by
the user.
4) if the node to be deleted is in the middle of the list the previous node is made to
point to the next node.
e)
f)
g)
h)
Ans
1234
3241
1324
2431
f
6) if a node (q) is to be inserted at the beginning the operations which are performed
is
1) q->next =start->next
start =q;
2) start=q;
q->next=start;
3) q->next=start;
q=start;
442
4) q->next =start;
start =q;
ans 4
7) when start and last points to same node,how many elements are present
1) 0 2)1 3)2 4)3
Ans 2
8)memory is allocated in single linked list
a) dynamically b)compile time c)statically d) linking time.
Ans : a
1).What would be the output of the following program.
main()
{
int a[5]={2,3};
printf("\n %d %d %d",a[2],a[3],a[4]);
}
(a) garbage value (b) 2 3 3 (c) 3 2 2 (d) 0 0 0
ans::d
main()
{
int i=-3,j=2,k=0,m;
m=++i&&++j||++k;
printf("\n %d %d %d %d",i,j,k,m);
}
(a) -2 3 0 1
(b) -3 2 0 1 (c) -2 3 1 1 (d) error
ans::a
3)
main()
{
Int n[25];
n[0]=100;
n[24]=200;
printf(%d%d,*n,*(n+24)+*(n+0));
}
a)100 200 b) 100 300 c) 0,100 d) 0,200
4)
main()
{
char str[]="I am in wipro";
443
printf("%s\n",&str[5]);
}
ans::in wipro
5)
{
main()
Char *p=algc;
Printf(%c,++*p++);
Printf(%c,*++p);
}
a)al b) mg c) lg d) none
ans::none.....bg
6)main()
{
void fun(int);
int n=3;
fun(n);
}
void fun(int n)
{
if(n>0)
{
fun(--n);
printf("%d",n);
fun(--n);
}
}
ans::0120
main()
{
struct emp
{
char name[20];
int age;
float sal;
};
struct emp e = {"tiger"};
printf("\n %d %f",e.age,e.sal);
}
(a) 0 0.000000 (b) Garbage values (c) Error (d) none of the above
444
ans::a
8).main( )
{
int a[ ] = {10,20,30,40,50},j,*p;
for(j=0; j<5; j++)
{
printf(%d ,*a);
a++;
}
p = a;
for(j=0; j<5; j++)
{
printf(%d ,*p);
p++;
}
}
Ans::Error Lvalue Required...can't change the base address a++
9.main()
{
int c[ ]={2,3,4,6,5};
int j,*p=c,*q=c;
for(j=0;j<5;j++)
{
printf(" %d ",*p);
++q;
}
for(j=0;j<5;j++)
{
printf(" %d ",*p);
++p;
}
}
ans::222223465
10.
#define
ABC 20
#define XYZ 10
#define XXX ABC - XYZ
void main()
{
int
a;
a = XXX * 10;
445
printf("%d\n", a);
}
ans::-80
11. #define calc(a, b) (a * b) / (a - b)
void main()
{
int a = 20, b = 10;
printf("%d\n", calc(a + 4, b -2));
}
12.void main()
{
int cnt = 5, a;
do {
a /= cnt;
} while (cnt --);
printf ("%d\n", a);
}
ans::Error..divide error
13. void main()
{
int a, b, c, abc = 0;
a = b = c = 40;
if (c) {
int abc;
abc = a*b+c;
}
printf ("c = %d, abc = %d\n", c, abc);
}
ans::40 0
14.main()
{
int k = 5;
if (++k < 5 && k++/5 || ++k <= 8)
printf("%d\n", k);
}
446
ans::7
15.main()
{
int i;
char *t;
t=names[3];
names[3]=names[4];
names[4]=t;
for (i=0;i<=4;i++)
}
ans::Error......base address can't be changed names[3]=names[4]
16.main()
{
int x=20;y=35;
x=x++ + y++;
y=++y + ++x;
printf("x=%d y=%d\n",x,y);
}
ans::57 94
17.Assume that integer is 4 bytes,pointer as 4 byter and character
as 1 byte,then predict the output
struct student
{
int a;
char name[10];
int *p;
}s1,*s2;
printf("%d%d",sizeof(s1),sizeof(*s2));
a) 18,18
b)18,4
c) 4,18
d) 4,4
18.int fun(int x)
{
int y=55;
return((x-y)?y:x);
}
main()
{
int a=20;
447
fun(a);
printf("%d",y);
}
ans::20
19.int compute(int n)
{
if(n>0)
{
n=compute(n-3)+compute(n-1);
return(n);
}
return(1);
}
void main()
{
printf("%d",compute(5));
}
20.int main()
{
char *ptr="abcdefgh";
char *sptr;
sptr=ptr+5;
printf("%s",sptr);
}
ans::fgh
1. printf("%d %d %d",sizeof(25.75),sizeof(123),sizeof(p))
a. 2 2 2 b. 4 2 2 c. 8 4 1 d. 8 2 2
ans::d
448
2.
int i=5;
fun( )
{
}
main( )
{
int i= 2;
{
int i = 3;
printf(" %d", i);
fun();
}
}
b.
c.
d.
e.
3, 15
3, 6
3
0
Ans::a
3. #define xsq(x) x*x
main( )
{
int i, j;
i = 5;
j = xsq(i-2);
printf(%d\n, j);
}
a. 7
b. 9
c. 13
d. 29
Ans::-7
4. main( )
{
int a=35;
printf( %d %d %d\n, a == 35,a=50,a>40);
}
a. 1 50 1
b. 1 50 0
c. 0 50 0
d. 0 50 1
ans::c
5. void main()
449
{
char a[]="123abcd";
clrscr();
printf("%d",strlen(a));
getch();
}
a.
b.
c.
d.
Ans::7
6. main()
{
static int var=5;
if(var--)
{
printf("%d",var);
main();
}
}
a. 4 3 2 1 0
b. 4 3 2 1
c. 5 4 3 2 1
d. 5 4 3 2 1 0
ans::a
7. void main()
{
int i=1,j=2;
switch(i)
{
case 1: printf("One"); break;
case j: printf("Two"); break;
default: printf(Default); break;
}
}
a. One
b. Two
c. Default
d. Compiler Error
ans::d
8. void main()
{
switch('a')
{
6
7
8
5
450
case 'A': printf("Zero");
case 97: printf("One");
default: printf("Error");
}
}
break;
break;
break;
a. Zero
b. One
c. Error
d. Compiler Error
ans::b
9. void main()
{
int p=1,sum=0;
clrscr();
while(p<20)
{
p++;
sum+=p++;
}
printf("\nsum=%d",sum);
}
a. 120
b. 100
c. 110
d. Error
ans::A
10. int x;
int modifyvalue()
{
return(x+=10);
}
int changevalue(int x)
{
return(x+=1);
}
void main()
{
int x=10;
x++;
changevalue(x);
x++;
modifyvalue();
451
printf("First output : %d",x);
changevalue(x);
printf("\nSecond output : %d",x);
}
a. 12 12
b. 11 12
c. 12 13
d. 13 13
11. main()
{
static i=3;
printf("%d",i--);
}
a. 3 2 1 0
b. 3 2 1
c. 2 1 0
d. 2 1
12. void main()
{
char *ptr="Hello World";
*ptr++;
printf("%s",ptr);
ptr++;
printf("%s",ptr);
}
a. Iello World Iello World
b. Hello World ello World
c. ello World
ello World
d. ello World
llo World
13. int const *p;
*p=5;
printf("%d",*p++);
a. 5
b. 6
c. Compiler Error
d. Garbage Value
ans::c
14. void main()
452
{
char *str1="abcd";
char str2[]="abcd";
printf("%d %d %d",sizeof(str1),sizeof(str2),sizeof("ab"));
}
a. 5 5 3
b. 4 5 3
c. 2 5 3
d. 1 5 3
ans::c
statement.
a. 1 2
b. 2 1
c. 2 2
d. 1 1
ans::b
16. void main()
{
char **p;
p=s;
printf("%s",++*p);
}
a. harma
harma
ewlet-packard
b. dharma
harma
ewlet-packard
c. harma
hewlet-packard
siemens
d. harma
harma
hewlet-packard
ans::d
17. void main()
{
453
(*ptr)++;
printf("%s\n",ptr);
ptr++;
printf("%s",ptr);
}
a. Samco Systems Samco Systems
b. Samco Systems amco Systems
c. amco Systems amco Systems
d. amco Systems mco Systems
ans::b
void main()
{
int i=7;
clrscr();
i=64/square(4);
printf("%d",i);
}
a. 7
b. 16
c. 64
d. 4
ans::c
19. #define man(x,y) (x)>(y)?(printf("%d",x)):(y)
void main()
{
int i=15,j=10,k=0;
k=man(i++,++j);
printf(" %d %d %d",i,j,k);
}
a. 16 17 11 2
b. 17 17 11 2
c. 16 16 11 2
d. 16 17 12 2
ans::a
20. struct one
{
int no:1;
int pl:2;
int x:3;
};
454
void main()
{
struct one a;
a.no=0;
a.pl=1;
a.x=3;
printf("%d %u",a.no,a.no);
printf("\n%d %u",a.pl,a.pl);
printf("\n%d %u",a.x,a.x);
}
a. 0 0
1 1
3 3
b. 0 0
2 2
3 3
c. 1 1
2 2
3 3
d. 1 1
2 2
2 2
Ans:a
21. void main()
{
struct emp
{
struct e
{
int *a;
}e1;
int a;
};
struct emp emp1;
printf("%d %d",sizeof(emp1),sizeof(emp1.e1));
}
a. 2 4
b. 2 2
c. 4 4
d. 4 2
ans::d
22. struct emp emp1;
struct emp
455
{
int a;
};
main()
{
printf("Enter 1 values:");
scanf("%d%d",&emp1.a,&emp1.a);
//The given input is 10 and 25
printf("a=%d a=%d",emp1.a,emp1.a);
}
a. 10 25
b. 25 25
c. 10 10
d. Compiler Error
ans::b
23. Arrange the code in order to delete a node being pointer by temp.
a)
b)
c)
free(temp)
temp->prev->next = temp->next
temp->next->prev = temp->prev;
a) b c a
b) c b a
c) a b c
d) both a and b
ans::d
a)
b)
c)
d)
no effect
inserts a node
deletes a node
ans::c
25. which is the faster traversable dynamically growing list
a) Binary Search Tree b) Singly Linked List
c) Doubly Linked List d) Using Array
ans::c
456
1. void main()
{
int a=1,b=2,c=3;
c=(--a, b++)-c;
}
(a)0 3 -3
(c)0 3 -1
(d)0 3
0
Ans::3
2.
#define swap(a,b) temp=a; a=b; b=temp;
void main()
{
static int a=5,b=6,temp;
if (a > b)
swap(a,b);
printf("a=%d b=%d",a,b);
}
(a)a=5 b=6
(b)a=6 b=5
(c)a=6 b=0
(d)None
of
these
Ans::c
3.
void main()
{
int i=5;
printf("%d %d %d %d %d",++i,i++,i++,i++,++i);
}
766
Ans:d
4.
(b)10 9 8 7 6
(c)9 8 7 6 6
(d)10 8
457
void main()
{
int i, n =10;
for (i=1; i<n--; i+=2)
printf("%d", n-i);
}
(a)84
(b)840
Ans:c
5.
What is the output of the program?
#include <stdio.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
printf(" %d", printf("Hello Genesis"));
return 0;
}
A.
B.
C.
D.
Hello Genesis
13 Hello Genesis
Hello Genesis 13
None of the above
6.
#include <stdio.h>
main()
{
switch (5)
{
}
}
B. 5
C. 5 10 6
(c)852
(d)864
458
D. 5 10
E. 5 6
Ans::b
7.
Which argument of function 'strncmp()' specifies number of characters to be compared?
A.
B.
C.
D.
first
second
between 2 strings
third
ans::d
8.
Which of the following is not a storage class in C?
B.
C.
D.
E.
Stack
Register
Extern
Static
Ans::a
9.
What is the significance of the free() function?
A.
B.
C.
D.
It assigns the pointer a NULL value

It erases the contents of any type and cleans the pointer
It places the memory address with the pointer in free store
It disables the memory address with the pointer
Ans::a
10.
What is the data type of FILE?
A. integer
B. union
459
C. pointer
D. structure
ans::d
11.
#include <stdio.h>
#define sq(a) a * a
void main()
{
printf("%d", sq(3 + 2));
}
A.
B.
C.
D.
25
11
10
Compilation error
Ans::b
12.
Which of the following is a non-linear data structure?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Stack
Queue
Linked List
Tree
Ans::d
13.
Which of the following function does not return an integer value?
B.
C.
D.
E.
ans:c
14.
printf
scanf
strcpy
strlen
460
Which of the following function does not support dynamic memory allocation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
alloc
realloc
malloc
free
ans::a
15.
What is the output of the program if the input is 103?
main()
{
int p = 234;
printf(" %d ", printf("%d", p), scanf("%d", &p));
}
A.
B.
C.
D.
3 103
103
103 3
103 2
Ans::c
16.
Where do we use a 'continue' statement?
B.
C.
D.
E.
In 'if' statement
In 'switch' statement
In 'goto' labels
None of the above
Ans::d
17.
1. Queue is _________________
a)
b)
c)
d)
Ans::d
LIFO
LILO
FIFO
Both b & c
461
18.
What is the postfix expression for A + B * C / D E * F / G
e) ABC*D/+EFG*/f) ABC*D/+EF*G/g) ABCD/*+EF*G/h) None of these.
Ans::b
19.
Write one statement equivalent to the following two statements: x=sqr(a); return(x);
Choose from one of the alternatives
(a) return(sqr(a));
(b) printf("sqr(a)");
(c) return(a*a);
(d) printf("%d",sqr(a));
Ans::b
20.
int i=5;
int abc(int z)
{
return i/2;
}
main()
{
int i=4;
}
a) error
b) 5
c) 2
d) 0
ans::c
21.
union U
{
int x;
float y;
char s[2];
};
union U ob;
what is the size of ob in bytes,
a) 4
b) 2
462
c) 8
d) 7
ans::a
22.
The operation for adding and deleting an entry to a stack is traditionally called:
a.add , delete
b.append , delete
c.insert, delete
d.push , pop
e. front , rear
ans::d
23.
What is the Infix expression for
-+A/*BCD/*EFG
a) A + B * C / D E / F * G
b) A + B / C * D E * F / G
c) A + B * C / D E * F / G
d) A - B * C / D + E * F / G
Ans:c
24.
What would be the root node if we enter the following data set (in the respective order)
into a standard program to construct a Binary search tree?
25, 72, 16, 11, 88, 26, 9, 36, 21, 45, 14, 69
a) 69
b) 25
c) 26
d) 9
Ans::b
25.
what does the code below do, where head is pointing to first node & temp is a temporary
pointer. 10 be the number of nodes
temp = head;
while (temp->next->next!=NULL)
{
463
temp = temp ->next;
}
temp -> prev -> next = temp -> next;
temp -> next -> prev = temp -> prev;
free(temp);
a)
b)
c)
d)
no effect
deletes some node
deletes 2nd last node
deletes last node
ans::c
1.
int main()
{
int val=5;
return(0);
}
(a)3 4 6 5 (b)5 5 6 5 (c)4 4 5 5 (d)None of these
Ans::c
2.
#define Compute(x,y,z) (x+y-z)
int main()
{
int x=2,y=3,z=4;
return(0);
}
(a)40 (b)30 (c)Compile-Time Error (d)None of these
Ans::b
3.
int main()
{
int val=5;
printf("%d",val);
return(0);
}
(a)7 (b)C7 (c)Compile-Time Error(d)CSkills7
Ans::d
4.
int main()
464
{
char str[]="Test";
printf("Success");
else
printf("Failure");
return(0);
}
a)Success b)TestSuccess c)Compile-Time Error(d)Failure
ans::b
5.
What will be the output of the following program:
int main()
{
int val=5;
return(0);
}
(a)Compile-Time Error (b)Lvalue required Error (c)10 (d)11
Ans::c
6.
void main()
{
printf("%d",sizeof(int));
return(0);
}
(a)Data types not allowed (b)Compile-Time Error(c)3 (d)2
Ans::2
7.
In tree construction which is the suitable efficient data structure?
(a) Array
(b) Linked list
(c) malloc
(d) Queue
Ans:b
8.
Traverse the given tree using Inorder, Preorder and Postorder traversals.
Given tree:
A
B
a)Inorder :
DHBEAFCIGJ
D
465
Preorder:
Postorder:
ABDHECFGIJ
HDEBFIJGCA
b)Inorder :
Preorder:
Postorder:
DHBEAFCIGJ
DHEABCFGIJ
HDEBFIJGCA
c)Inorder :
Preorder:
Postorder:
DHBEAFCIGJ
ABDHECFGIJ
HDEBFIJGAC
d)Inorder :
Preorder:
Postorder:
HDBEAFCIGJ
ABDHECFGIJ
HDEBFIJGCA
Ans:a
9.
main()
{
static int var = 5;
if(var)
main();
}
a. 4 3 2 1
b. 4 3 2 1 0
c. 5 4 3 2 1 d. 0 0 0 0 0
Ans:c
10.
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
struct xx
{
int x=3;
};
struct xx *s;
printf("%d",s->x);
}
b. 3 hello b. Compiler Error
Ans::s
11.
466
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
const int i=4;
float j;
j = ++i;
}
a. 5 6.000000
b. 5 5.000000 c. 6 6.000000 d. compiler error
Ans::d
12.
void main()
{
printf("\n %d",++k);
}
int ret(int ret)
{
ret += 2.5;
return(ret);
}
a. Compiler Error b. 8
c. 6
d. 7
Ans::d
13.
int swap(int *a,int *b)
{
*a=*a+*b;*b=*a-*b;*a=*a-*b;
}
main()
{
int x=10,y=20;
swap(&x,&y);
}
b. 20 10 b. 10 20 c. 20 20 d. 10 10
Ans:a
14.
main()
{
char *p = ayqm;
char c;
c = ++*p++;
printf(%c,c);
467
a. a
}
b. b
c. y
d. z
ans:b
15.
main()
{
float i=1.5;
switch(i)
{
}
}
b. 0
b. 0 1 2
c. 1 2 0 d. Compiler Error e. 2 0
Ans:d
16.
#define MESS junk
main()
{
printf(MESS);
}
a. Junk
b. Error
c. MESS
d. MESS junk
Ans:c
17.
main ()
{
int i = 5;
switch (i) {
static int i;
i = 3;
i = i * i;
case 3:
i = i + i;
case 4:
i = i + i;
case 5:
i = i + i;
printf (%d,i);
}
printf (%d,i);
}
a. 9
b. 10 10
c. 0 5 d. 18 18 e. 18 5
468
Ans:c
18.
What would be the output of the following program.
Int fn(int);
main()
{
int i=10;
fn(i);
printf("%d",i);
}
fn(int i)
{
return ++i;
}
(a) 10
(b) 11
(c) 12
Compilation error
Ans:a
19.
main()
{
FILE *fp1,*fp2;
fp1=fopen("one","w");
fp2=fopen("one","w") ;
fputc('A',fp1) ;
fputc('B',fp2) ;
fclose(fp1) ;
fclose(fp2) ;
}
Find the Error, If Any?
a. no error. But It will over writes on same file.
b. no error. But It will create one more file.
c. error. It will not allow.
d. no error. The new content will append in existing file.
Ans:a
20.
(d)
469
void main()
{
int a=555,*ptr=&a,b=*ptr;
printf("%d %d %d",++a,--b,*ptr++);
}
(b)555 554 555
(d)557 554 555
(c)556 554 555
Ans:c
21.
what type of Binary Tree is the following tree below
a.
b.
c.
d.
binary tree
strictly binary tree
complete binary tree
not a binary tree
ans:d
22.
If suppose root to be deleted then which node will be the root node
470
a.
b.
c.
d.
B
G
Any node
Both a and b are correct
Ans:a
23.
When fopen() fails to open a file it returns
a) NULL b) 1 c) 1 d) None of the above
ans:a
24.
Which function is used to detect the end of file
a) EOF b) feof( ) c) ferror( ) d) NULL
ans:b
25.
If the CPU fails to keep the variables in CPU registers, in that case the variables are
assumed
a) static b) external c) global d) auto
471
ans::d
1.
#include<stdio.h>
int x=40;
main()
{
int x = 20;
printf("\n %d",x);
}
Predict the output
20
40
20, 40
None of the above
2.
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int x=40;
{
int x = 20;
printf("\n %d",x);
}
printf("%d",x);
}
Predict the output
20 40
40 20
40
20
3.
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
extern int a;
printf("\n %d",a);
}
int a=20;
472
Predict the output

20
0
Garbage value
Error
4.
#include<stdio.h>--------------------------------doubt
main()
{
struct emp
{
char name[20];
int age;
float sal;
};
struct emp e={"Raja"};
printf("\n %d %f", e.age, e.sal);
}
0 0.000000
Garbage values
Error
None of the above
5.
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int x=10, y=20, z=5, i;
i= x < y < z;
printf("%d", i);
}
o\p:
1
6. Which of the following definition is correct?
int length
char int
473
int long
float double
ans::1
7. What will be the output
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int i=4;
switch (i)
{
default:
printf("Default Value \n");
case 1:
printf("Value is 1 \n");
break;
case 2:
break;
case 3:
break;
}
}
o\p:
default value
8.
#include<stdio.h>------------doubt
main()
{
int i=1;
while()
{
printf("%d", i++);
if (i >10)
{
break;
}
474
}
}
Ans::Error
9.
#include<stdio.h>------------------------------doubt
main()
{
int x=30, y =40;
if (x==y)
printf("X is equal to Y");
else if (x>y)
printf("x is greater than Y");
else if (x<y)
printf("X is less than Y");
}
Ans: X is less than Y
10.
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int i=10, j=15;
if(i%2= = j%3)
{
printf("Same");
}
else
{
printf("Different err");
}
} o\p same
11.
main()
{
int x=4, y, z;
475
y=--x;
z= x--;
printf("%d %d %d", x,y,z);
}
Output:
433
432
332
233
223
Ans::233
12.
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
float a = 0.7;
if (a<0.7)
{
printf("C");
}
else
{
printf("C++");
}
}
Try with 0.7f o\p c++
13.
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
float fval=7.29;
printf("%d" ,fval);
}
o\p 7
14.
#include<stdio.h>-----------------------doubt
main()
{
476
printf("Welcome");
main();
}
How many times the program will execute?
Ans:Infinte
15.
#include<stdio.h>----------------------doubt
void fun(char *);
void main()
{
char a[100];
a[0] = 'A', a[1] = 'B';
a[2] = 'C', a[3] = 'D';
fun(&a[0]);
}
void fun(char *a)
{
a++;
printf("%c", *a);
a++;
printf("%c", *a);
}
o\p b c
16.
#include<stdio.h>
#define MESS "Junk"
main()
{
printf("MESS");
}
o\p
mess
477
18.
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
char str[] = "Sales\0man\0";
printf("%d", strlen(str));
}
o\p 5
19.
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
printf("%d", sizeof(str));
}
o\p 11
20
#include<stdio.h>-------------doubt
#include<string.h>
main()
{
char sentence[80];
int i;
printf("Enter the line of text");
gets(sentence);
for(i=strlen(sentence)-1;i>=0;i--)
{
putchar(sentence[i]);
}
}
21
main()
{
float a=3.15529;
printf("%6.2f \n",a);
478
}
1. Which of the following does not have an unary operator?
1) -7
3) j
2) ++i
4) all of the above
2. In printf(),the appearance of the output of the output can be affected by

1) field with
3) flag
4) all of the above
3. Any of the following programs in c has access to three standard files:

4) all the above
4. The comma operator(,) is used to
1) permit two different expressions to appear in situations where only one expression
would ordinarily be used
2) Terminate loops or to exit from switch
3) alter the normal sequence of program execution by transferring control to some other
part of the program
4) carry out a logical test and then take one of two possible actions, depending upon the
outcome of the test
5) A variable can be declared static using the keyword.
1) extern
2) static
3) stat
4) auto
6) A program can be terminated at any time by calling the function
1) fflush()
3) exit()
2) ferror()
4) clearerr()
7) Heap
479
3) is a finite area
4) all of the above
8) A function can
1) perform a task
2) return a value
3) change value of actual arguments in call by reference
4) all of the above
9) Function definition void check(int i ,char*j) is
1) call by value
2)call by reference
3) both (1) and (2)
10) A union consists of a number of elements that
1) all occupy the same space in memory
2) must be structure
3) are grouped next to each other in memory
4) all have the same type
11) Which of the following array is defined in the statements
Char name[30]?
5)
6)
7)
8)
name is one dimensiona,30-element integer array

name is one dimensional,30-element floating point array
name is one dimensional ,30-element character array
name is one dimensional,30-elements string array
12) c program contains the following declaration:

Static float table[2][3]={ {1.1,1.2,1.3},
{2.1,2.2,2.3}
};
What is the value of *(*(table+1)+1)?
2) 2.2
4) 2.1
2) 1.2
4) 2.3
13) A c program contains the following declarations and initial

Assignments:
480
int i=8,j=5; float x=0.0005,y=-0.01;
Char c=c,d=d;
What would be the value of the following expression?
(3*i-2*j)%(2*d-3)
1)14
3) 1
2)18
4) 0
14) The declaration : int f(int 1); means

1) f accepts an integer argument and returns an integer quantity
2) f accepts two arguments and returns a double precision quantity, and the second is an
integer
3) f accepts three arguments and returns nothing. The first arguments
is a double-precision quantity, and the second is an integer
4) f does not accepts any arguments but returns a single character
15) The c language was developed by
1) Marting Richards
3) Ken Thompson
2) Dennis Ritchie
4) Smith Volt
16) The arguments of a function are included between

1) The parenthesis
2) double quotes
3) curly braces
4) #
17) The int type of constraints are whole numbers in the range
1) -23677 to 23678
3) -32767 to 32768
2) -32768 to 32767
4) -32864 to 32864
18) If the variables i,j and k are assigned the values 5,3 and 2 respectively, then the
expression i=j+(k++ =6)+7;
19) In a relational expression involving characters, we actually

Compare
5)
6)
7)
8)
the ASCII codes of the characters

the characters themselves
neither of the two
binary code and hexadecimal code
481
20) The getchar function is used to
1) print the ASCII code of the character
2) to assign a character typed at the keyboard to a variable
3) to print a character on the screen
4) all of the above
21) The word case used in the switch statement represents a
5)
6)
7)
8)
function in the c language

data type in the c language
keyword in the c language
global variable in the c language
22)The logical NOT operator represented by ! is a

1) unary operator
3) ternary operator
2) binary operator
4) octal operator
23) The statement : scanf(%d,&i);

5)
6)
7)
8)
assigns an integer to the variable i

gives an error message;
does not assign any value to i
assigns an float to the variable i
24) A pointer is declared by using a statement such as

1) int *p;
2) point;
3) pointer *p; 4) int &p;
25)The null character is represented by

1) \n
2)\0
3)\o
26) The members in the union

1) have different memory locations
2) share the memory with a structure
3) have the same memory location
4) have different memory variable
27) The global variables by default belong to
4)\t
482
3) the auto type
2) the static type

4) the dynamic type
28) The bit fields are the members of a/an

1) array
2) structure
3) union
4) inter section
29) In c, square brackets [ ] are used in

1) functions
2) arrays
3) statements 4) all of the above
30) A fields width specifier in a printf() function

31) The two operators && and || are
1) arithmetic operators
3) logical operators
2) equality operators
4) relational operators
32) The library files that come with c are

1) text editor for program development
2) the compiler and liker
3) program examples
4) files that contain functions which carry out various commonly
Used operations and calculations
33) precedence determines which operator
1) is evaluated first
3) is fastest
2) is most important
4) operates on the largest number
34) The string containing certain required formatting information

is called
1) argument
3) character string
2) character array
4) control string
483
35) The advantage of a switch statement over an else-if construct is

1) a default condition can be used in the switch
2) the switch is easier to understand
3) several different conditions can cause one set of statements to executed in a switch
4) several different statements can be executed for each case in a switch
36) The header file math.h can be used for
1) providing links to assembly-language for calls
2) providing diagnostic and debugging assistance
3) providing support for the string handling functions
4) none of the above
37) The malloc() function
1) returns a pointer to the allocated memory
2) returns a pointer to the first byte of region of memory
3) changes the size of the allocated memory
4) deallocates the memory
38) which of the following expressions will return a 1 if both bits have
A value of 1; otherwise will return a value of 0?
1) AND
2)OR
3)XOR4)1stderr complement
39) If an error occurs while opening a file the file pointer

is assigned a value
1) NULL
2) stdout
3) sstderr
4) not defined
40) Which of the following backslash codes used for bell?

1) \b
2) \a
3) \r
4) \s
41) One of the valid keywords in the c language is

1) printf
2) CHAR
3) auto
4) scanf
42) The comments in a c language program are placed between

1) \* and /*
2) / and .*
3) /*and*/
4) # and #
484
43) If p and q are assigned the values 2 and 3 respectively then the statement p=q++
44) A compound statement is a group of statement included between a pair of
1) double quots
3) parentesis
2) curly braces
4) / and/
45) The number of the relational operators in the c language is

1) four 2) six
3) three
4)one
46) In the c language, 3 represents

1) a digit
2)an integer
3)a character 4)a word
47) In the c language, a hexadecimal number is represented by writing

1) x
2) xo
3) 0x
4)h
48) A string in the c language is represented by enclosing a series of characters in

1) single quotes
3) parenthesis
2) double quotes
4) / and /
49) One structure cannot be

5)
6)
7)
8)
a member of some other structure

a member of the same structure
a member of a union
all of the above
50) Masking is used

1) to copy a portion of a given bit pattern to a new variable,
while the remainder of the new variable is filled with 0s(using the
bitwise AND)
2) to copy a portion of a given bit pattern to a new variable,
485
while the reminder of the new variable is filled with 1s (using the bitwise OR)
3) to copy a portion of a given bit pattern to a new variable, while the remainder of
the original bit pattern is inverted within the new variable
4) all of the above
51) Almost every c program begins with the statement
1) main() 2) printf()
3) #include<stdio.h> 4) scanf()
52) A single character input from the keyboard can be obtained by using the function
1) printf( ) 2) getchar( )
3) putchar( )
4) scanf( )
53) An expression
5)
6)
7)
8)
is a collection of data objects and operators that can be evaluated to a single value
is a name that substitutes for a sequence of characters
causes the computer to carry out some action
all of the above
54) The expression c=i++ causes

5)
6)
7)
8)
the value of I assigned to c and then I incremented by 1

I to be incremented by 1 and then the value of I assigned to @
Value of I assigned to c
I to be incremented by 1
55)The single character input/output functions are

1) scanf( ) and printf( )
3) scanf( ) and putchar( )
2) getchar( ) and printf( )

4) getchar( ) and putchar( )
56) The conversion character I for data output means that the
Data item is displayed as
5)
6)
7)
8)
a floating point value with an exponent

an unsigned decimal integer
a signed decimal integer
an octal integer
57) The header file ctype.h can be used for

1) providing links to assembly language for calls
486
2) providing diagnostic and debugging assistance
3) providing support for string handling functions
4) providing character type identification (Boolean)
and translation
58) In a circular linked list
5)
6)
7)
8)
components are all linked together in some sequential manner

there is no beginning and no end
components are arranged hierarchically
forward and backward transversal within the list is permitted
59) The function ftell( )

1)
2)
3)
4)
reads a character from a file

reads an integer form a file
gives the current position in the file
sets the position to the beginning of the file
60) A c function contain

1)function body
3)a function header
2)argument declaration
4)all of the above
1.int a=123.12;
int b=-123.12;
c=a+b;
printf("%2f",c);
a) 0.00
b) 123.12
c) 246.24
d) None of these
2. struct emp
{
int a;
char *name;
};
main()
{
struct emp *e;
printf("%d",sizeof(e));
}
ANs: 2
487
3. which is the best thing for linked list than arrays?

i) Insertion
ii) Deletion
iii) Traversal
a) (i) only
b) (i),(ii) only
c) ii,iii only
d) iii only
4. consider the character array of size 10. When a string is more than 10
a) Error
b) Overwrites
c) Nothing
d) garbage value
5. main()
{
char *str;
char *fun();
str=fun();
printf("%s",str);
}
char * fun()
{
char *buffer;
return buffer;
}
a) hello world
b) Compiler error
c) Runtime error
6. main()
488
{
char *str;
char *fun();
str=fun();
printf("%s",str);
}
char * fun()
{
char *buffer;
buffer=(char *) malloc(sizeof(char));
return buffer;
}
a) hello world
b) Compiler error
c) Runtime error
ans::a
7) what is the prefix expression for the given Infix expression A+B*C/D
Ans::+A/*BCD
8) int a;
a=65536;
printf("%d",a);
a) 0
b) Garbage
c) 65535
d) -32768
9) main()
{
char p=65;
printf("%c",p);
}
a) 65 b) p c) error d) none of the above
489
10) In a function call, _____________ is passed as arguments.

a) variables
b) constants
c) Expressions
d) All the above
11) The value of EOF is ___-1______.
12) () is used for __________
a) function body
b) Arguments
c) Return type
d) Declaration of function
13) How does the string ends?
a) /n
b) /t
c) /0
d) none
14) The range of Unsigned integer is
a) 127 to -128
b) 0 to 65535
c) Depend up on the compiler
d) -32768 to 32767
15) which one of the following is a illegal real constants
a) 32.535
b) -1.5E25 to 3.5E65
c) "53682"
d) -6.583
16) main()
{
int i,a[5];
a[1]=5;
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
printf("%d",a[i]);
a++;
490
}
a) 0 0 0 0 0
b) Garbage value
c) 0 5 0 0 0
d) Compiler error
ans:d..base address cant be changed a++
17) The size of int is 2 bytes,then what is the size of short int?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 4
d) 8
18) In a queue,what condition applies
a) First In First Out
b) Last in first out
c) Elements are inserted and deleted at one end
d) Elements can be inserted and deleted in different ends
19) which of the following statements are true in the case of doubly linked list
i) Every node is connected to other node
ii) We can traverse in both the directions
a) i) only
b)ii) only
c) Both i and ii
d) neither i nor ii
ans::c
20) main()
{
char str[]="Wipro Infotech";
char *s;
s=&str[13]-13;
while(*s)
printf("%c",*s++);
}
Ans:: Wipro Infotech
21) char *a="Malayalam";
char *s;
Char *str;
str=a;
s=str+8;
491
for(;s>=str;s--)
printf("%c",*s);
a) Malayalam
b) malayalaM
c) error
22) struct main
{
int a;
int b;
struct main *e1;
}
printf("%d %d",sizeof(e1),sizeof(*e1));
23) #define wipro Hai
void main()
{
printf("wipro");
}
24) Is allocating a block of memory effectively the same as defining an array?
a) True
b) false
25) the size of a node od doubly linked list is always greater than the single linked list
a) True
b) false
26) Queue is used for
i) Expression Evaluation
ii) Scheluding the job in First come First serve
a) i) only
b) ii only
c) both i & ii
d) neither i nor ii
27) what should be replace ????? in the program to get the output 25?
?????
void main()
492
{
int x=2,y=3,j;
j=SQRT(x+y);
printf("%d",j);
}
a) #define SQRT(int) (int * int)
b) #define SQRT(int) (int) * (int)
c) #define SQRT(int) (int + int)
d) #define SQRT(int) (int) + (int)
28) void fun()
{
static char p[]="Hello";
return p;
}
main()
{
printf("%s",fun());
}
Ans::Error Void function do not return a value.
a) Compiler Error b) Hello c) Garbage value d) None
29) void main()
{
int *p;
p=(int *)malloc(sizeof(int));
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
printf("%d ",p[i]);
}
What is the output?
Ans:garbage value
30) main()
{
int i,j;
for(i=1,j=10;i<j;i++,j--);
}
Ans:6,5
31) Which of these will pass the address of the pointer *ptr to the function demofun()?
493
a) demofun(ptr) b) demofun(&ptr)
c) demofun(*ptr) d) demofun(*&*ptr);
32) which is not a valid expression
a) x!=y b) x! c) !x d) x!y
33) If max=10,rear=max,front=0,then what will be my queue?
a) Queue Empty
b) Queue Full
d) Queue has max-1 elements
34) which is an indefinite loop?
a) do while(0);
b) for(;0;);
c) while(1);
d) while(0);
35) int *ptr;
ptr=(int *)malloc(10*sizeof(int));
which is correct?
i) All Values are intialised to garbage values
a) i only
b) ii only
c) both i and ii
d) neither i nor ii
36) int *ptr;
ptr=(int *)calloc(10*sizeof(int));
which is correct?
i) All Values are intialised to zero
a) i only
b) ii only
c) both i and ii
d) neither i nor ii
494
37) Struct queue
{
int rear;
int front;
int a[100];
}
struct queue *q;
then how will you add a new element called 'item' in the queue?
a) q->rear[a]=item;
b) q->a[q->rear]=item;
c) q->a[rear]=item;
d) q->rear[q->a]=item;
38) In which of the following we can sort the data without moving the data
a) Array
b) Single Linked list
c) Doubly linked list
d) Binary search trees
39) Char d=128;
printf("%c",d);
a)128
b)-128
c) error
d) Garbage values
40) In the following definition
struct node *ptr;
ptr=(struct node *)calloc(sizeof(ptr));
a) ptr is allocated 4 bytes
b) ptr will be allocated sizeof struct node
c) Error
d) ptr will have 8 bytes
41) In a doubly linked list ,if the first node is first and the last node is end,what will be
the output?
traverse(struct node*end)
{
495
while(end!=NULL)
traverse(end->prev);
printf("%d",end->data);
}
if the input is 1,2,3,4,5 then the output will be
a) 1,2,3,4,5
b) 5,4,3,2,1
c) compilation error
d) none
42) void main()
{
int b=20;
printf("%d"*&b++);
}
a) 21 b)20 c) error d) Garbage value
ANS::C
43) how will you refer the last node in the doubly linked list which is pointed by the
pointer variable 'cursor'?
a)cursor==NULL
b)cursor->link=NULL
c) Cursor->link=0
d) cursor->data=NULL
44) how will you refer the previous node of the pointer 'cursor' in the doubly linked list
(cursor is not in the first or in the last)?
a)cursor->link++
b)cursor=cursor->left
c) Cursor++
d) cursor->left++
496
1.
#include<stdio.h>
int x=40;
main()
{
int x = 20;
printf("\n %d",x);
}
Predict the output
20
40
20, 40
None of the above
2.
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int x=40;
{
int x = 20;
printf("\n %d",x);
}
printf("%d",x);
}
Predict the output
20 40
40 20
40
20
3.
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
extern int a;
printf("\n %d",a);
}
int a=20;
497
Predict the output

20
0
Garbage value
Error
4.
#include<stdio.h>--------------------------------doubt
main()
{
struct emp
{
char name[20];
int age;
float sal;
};
struct emp e={"Raja"};
printf("\n %d %f", e.age, e.sal);
}
0 0.000000
Garbage values
Error
None of the above
5.
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int x=10, y=20, z=5, i;
i= x < y < z;
printf("%d", i);
}o\p 1
6. Which of the following definition is correct?
int length
char int
int long
float double
7. What will be the output
498
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int i=4;
switch (i)
{
default:
printf("Default Value \n");
case 1:
break;
case 2:
break;
case 3:
break;
}
}o\p default value
8.
main()
{
int i=1;
while()
{
printf("%d", i++);
if (i >10)
{
break;
}
}
}
499
9.
#include<stdio.h>------------------------------doubt
main()
{
int x=30, y =40;
if (x==y)
printf("X is equal to Y");
elseif (x>y)
printf("x is greater than Y");
elseif (x<y)
printf("X is less than Y");
}
Statement missing
Expression Syntax
Lvalue required
RValue required
10.
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int i=10, j=15;
if(i%2 = j%3)
{
printf("Same");
}
else
{
printf("Different err");
}
} o\p same
11.
main()
{
int x=4, y, z;
y=--x;
z= x--;
500
printf("%d %d %d", x,y,z);

}
Output:
433
432
332
233
223
12.
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
float a = 0.7;
if (a<0.7)
{
printf("C");
}
else
{
printf("C++");
}
} Try with 0.7f o\p c++
13.
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
float fval=7.29;
printf("%d" ,fval);
}o\p 7
14.
main()
{
printf("Welcome");
501
main();
}
How many times the program will execute?
32767
65535
Till the stack doesnt overflow
15.
#include<stdio.h>----------------------doubt
void fun(char *);
void main()
{
char a[100];
a[0] = 'A', a[1] = 'B';
a[2] = 'C', a[3] = 'D';
fun(&a[0]);
}
void fun(char *a)
{
a++;
printf("%c", *a);
a++;
printf("%c", *a);
} o\p b c
16.
#include<stdio.h>
#define MESS "Junk"
main()
{
}o\p
18.
printf("MESS");
mess
502
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
printf("%d", strlen(str));
}o\p 5
19.
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
printf("%d", sizeof(str));
}o\p 11
20
#include<stdio.h>-------------doubt
#include<string.h>
main()
{
char sentence[80];
int i;
printf("Enter the line of text");
gets(sentence);
for(i=strlen(sentence)-1;i>=0;i--)
{
putchar(sentence[i]);
}
}
21
main()
{
float a=3.15529;
}
503
1. printf("%d %d %d",sizeof(25.75),sizeof(123),sizeof(p))
a. 2 2 2 b. 4 2 2 c. 8 4 1 d. 8 2 2
2.
int i=5;
fun( )
{
}
main( )
{
int i= 2;
{
int i = 3;
printf(" %d", i);
fun();
}
}
f.
g.
h.
i.
3, 15
3, 6
3
0
3. #define xsq(x) x*x

main( )
{
int i, j;
i = 5;
j = xsq(i-2);
printf(%d\n, j);
}
e. 7
f. 9
g. 13
h. 29
4. main( )
{
int a=35;
printf( %d %d %d\n, a == 35,a=50,a>40);
}
a.
b.
c.
d.
5. void main()
1 50 1
1 50 0
0 50 0
0 50 1
504
{
char a[]="123abcd";
clrscr();
printf("%d",strlen(a));
getch();
}
a.
b.
c.
d.
6. main()
{
static int var=5;
if(var--)
{
printf("%d",var);
main();
}
}
a. 4 3 2 1 0
b. 4 3 2 1
c. 5 4 3 2 1
d. 5 4 3 2 1 0
7. void main()
{
int i=1,j=2;
switch(i)
{
case 1: printf("One"); break;
case j: printf("Two"); break;
default: printf(Default); break;
}
}
a. One
b. Two
c. Default
d. Compiler Error
8. void main()
{
switch('a')
{
6
7
8
5
505
case 'A': printf("Zero");
case 97: printf("One");
default: printf("Error");
}
}
a. Zero
b. One
c. Error
d. Compiler Error
9. void main()
{
int p=1,sum=0;
clrscr();
while(p<20)
{
p++;
sum+=p++;
}
printf("\nsum=%d",sum);
}
a. 120
b. 100
c. 110
d. Error
10. int x;
int modifyvalue()
{
return(x+=10);
}
int changevalue(int x)
{
return(x+=1);
}
void main()
{
int x=10;
x++;
changevalue(x);
x++;
modifyvalue();
break;
break;
break;
506
printf("First output : %d",x);
changevalue(x);
printf("\nSecond output : %d",x);
}
a. 12 12
b. 11 12
c. 12 13
d. 13 13
11. main()
{
static i=3;
printf("%d",i--);
}
a. 3 2 1 0
b. 3 2 1
c. 2 1 0
d. 2 1
12. void main()
{
char *ptr="Hello World";
*ptr++;
printf("%s",ptr);
ptr++;
printf("%s",ptr);
}
a. Iello World Iello World
b. Hello World ello World
c. ello World
ello World
d. ello World
llo World
13. int const *p;
*p=5;
printf("%d",*p++);
a. 5
b. 6
c. Compiler Error
d. Garbage Value
14. void main()
507
{
char *str1="abcd";
char str2[]="abcd";
printf("%d %d %d",sizeof(str1),sizeof(str2),sizeof("ab"));
}
a. 5 5 3
b. 4 5 3
c. 2 5 3
d. 1 5 3
statement.
a. 1
b. 2
c. 2
d. 1
2
1
2
1
16. void main()

{
char **p;
p=s;
printf("%s",++*p);
}
a. harma
harma
ewlet-packard
b. dharma
harma
ewlet-packard
c. harma
hewlet-packard
siemens
d. harma
harma
hewlet-packard
17. void main()
{
508
(*ptr)++;
printf("%s\n",ptr);
ptr++;
printf("%s",ptr);
}
a. Samco Systems
b. Samco Systems
c. amco Systems
d. amco Systems
Samco Systems
amco Systems
amco Systems
mco Systems

void main()
{
int i=7;
clrscr();
i=64/square(4);
printf("%d",i);
}
a. 7
b. 16
c. 64
d. 4
19. #define man(x,y) (x)>(y)?(printf("%d",x)):(y)
void main()
{
int i=15,j=10,k=0;
k=man(i++,++j);
printf(" %d %d %d",i,j,k);
}
a. 16
b. 17
c. 16
d. 16
17
17
16
17
11
11
11
12
20. struct one

{
int no:1;
int pl:2;
int x:3;
};
2
2
2
2
509
void main()
{
struct one a;
a.no=0;
a.pl=1;
a.x=3;
printf("%d %u",a.no,a.no);
printf("\n%d %u",a.pl,a.pl);
printf("\n%d %u",a.x,a.x);
}
a. 0 0
1 1
3 3
b. 0 0
2 2
3 3
c. 1 1
2 2
3 3
d. 1 1
2 2
2 2
21. void main()
{
struct emp
{
struct e
{
int *a;
}e1;
int a;
};
struct emp emp1;
printf("%d %d",sizeof(emp1),sizeof(emp1.e1));
}
a. 2
b. 2
c. 4
d. 4
4
2
4
2
22. struct emp emp1;

struct emp
510
{
int a;
};
main()
{
printf("Enter 1 values:");
scanf("%d%d",&emp1.a,&emp1.a);
//The given input is 10 and 25
printf("a=%d a=%d",emp1.a,emp1.a);
}
a. 10 25
b. 25 25
c. 10 10
d. Compiler Error
23. Arrange the code in order to delete a node being pointer by temp.
a)
b)
c)
free(temp)
temp->prev->next = temp->next
temp->next->prev = temp->prev;
a) b c a
b) c b a
c) a b c
d) both a and b
a)
b)
c)
d)
no effect
inserts a node
deletes a node
25. which is the faster traversable dynamically growing list

a) Binary Search Tree b) Singly Linked List
c) Doubly Linked List d) Using Array
511
1. void main()
{
int a=1,b=2,c=3;
c=(--a, b++)-c;
}
(a)0 3 -3
(c)0 3 -1
(d)0 3
0
2.
#define swap(a,b) temp=a; a=b; b=temp;
void main()
{
if (a > b)
swap(a,b);
}
(a)a=5 b=6
(b)a=6 b=5
(c)a=6 b=0
(d)None
of
these
3.
void main()
{
int i=5;
printf("%d %d %d %d %d",++i,i++,i++,i++,++i);
}
766
(b)10 9 8 7 6
(c)9 8 7 6 6
(d)10 8
512
4.
void main()
{
int i, n =10;
for (i=1; i<n--; i+=2)
printf("%d", n-i);
}
(a)84
(b)840
5.
What is the output of the program?
#include <stdio.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
printf(" %d", printf("Hello Genesis"));
return 0;
}
E.
F.
G.
H.
Hello Genesis
13 Hello Genesis
Hello Genesis 13
None of the above
6.
#include <stdio.h>
main()
{
switch (5)
{
}
}
F. 5
G. 5 10 6
(c)852
(d)864
513
H. 5 10
I. 5 6
7.
Which argument of function 'strncmp()' specifies number of characters to be compared?
E.
F.
G.
H.
first
second
between 2 strings
third
8.
Which of the following is not a storage class in C?
F.
G.
H.
I.
Stack
Register
Extern
Static
9.
What is the significance of the free() function?
E.
F.
G.
H.
It assigns the pointer a NULL value

It erases the contents of any type and cleans the pointer
It places the memory address with the pointer in free store
It disables the memory address with the pointer
10.
What is the data type of FILE?
E.
F.
G.
H.
integer
union
pointer
structure
11.
#include <stdio.h>
#define sq(a) a * a
514
void main()
{
printf("%d", sq(3 + 2));
}
E.
F.
G.
H.
25
11
10
Compilation error
12.
Which of the following is a non-linear data structure?
E.
F.
G.
H.
Stack
Queue
Linked List
Tree
13.
Which of the following function does not return an integer value?
F.
G.
H.
I.
printf
scanf
strcpy
strlen
14.
Which of the following function does not support dynamic memory allocation?
E.
F.
G.
H.
alloc
realloc
malloc
free
15.
What is the output of the program if the input is 103?
main()
{
int p = 234;
515
printf(" %d ", printf("%d", p), scanf("%d", &p));
}
E.
F.
G.
H.
3 103
103
103 3
103 2
16.
Where do we use a 'continue' statement?
F.
G.
H.
I.
In 'if' statement
In 'switch' statement
In 'goto' labels
None of the above
17.
2. Queue is _________________
a)
b)
c)
d)
LIFO
LILO
FIFO
Both b & c
18.
What is the postfix expression for A + B * C / D E * F / G
i) ABC*D/+EFG*/j) ABC*D/+EF*G/k) ABCD/*+EF*G/l) None of these.
19.
Write one statement equivalent to the following two statements: x=sqr(a); return(x);
Choose from one of the alternatives
(a) return(sqr(a));
(b) printf("sqr(a)");
(c) return(a*a);
(d) printf("%d",sqr(a));
20.
int i=5;
int abc(int z)
{
516
return i/2;
}
main()
{
int i=4;
}
a)
b)
c)
d)
error
5
2
0
21.
union U
{
int x;
float y;
char s[2];
};
union U ob;
what is the size of ob in bytes,
a)
b)
c)
d)
4
2
8
7
22.
The operation for adding and deleting an entry to a stack is traditionally called:
a.add , delete
b.append , delete
c.insert, delete
d.push , pop
e. front , rear
23.
What is the Infix expression for
-+A/*BCD/*EFG
a) A + B * C / D E / F * G
b) A + B / C * D E * F / G
517
c) A + B * C / D E * F / G
d) A - B * C / D + E * F / G
24.
What would be the root node if we enter the following data set (in the respective order)
25, 72, 16, 11, 88, 26, 9, 36, 21, 45, 14, 69
e) 69
f) 25
g) 26
h) 9
25.
what does the code below do, where head is pointing to first node & temp is a temporary
pointer. 10 be the number of nodes
temp = head;
{
temp = temp ->next;
}
free(temp);
a)
b)
c)
d)
no effect
deletes some node
deletes last node
518
519
1.
int main()
{
int val=5;
return(0);
}
(a)3 4 6 5 (b)5 5 6 5 (c)4 4 5 5 (d)None of these
2.
#define Compute(x,y,z) (x+y-z)
int main()
{
int x=2,y=3,z=4;
return(0);
}
(a)40 (b)30 (c)Compile-Time Error (d)None of these
3.
int main()
{
int val=5;
printf("%d",val);
return(0);
}
(a)7 (b)C7 (c)Compile-Time Error(d)CSkills7
4.
int main()
{
char str[]="Test";
printf("Success");
else
printf("Failure");
return(0);
}
a)Success b)TestSuccess c)Compile-Time Error(d)Failure
5.
520
What will be the output of the following program:
int main()
{
int val=5;
return(0);
}
(a)Compile-Time Error (b)Lvalue required Error
(c)10 (d)11
6.
void main()
{
printf("%d",sizeof(int));
return(0);
}
(a)Data types not allowed (b)Compile-Time Error(c)3 (d)2
7.
In tree construction which is the suitable efficient data structure?
(a) Array
(b) Linked list
(c) malloc
(d) Queue
8.
Traverse the given tree using Inorder, Preorder and Postorder traversals.
Given tree:
A
B
a)Inorder :
DHBEAFCIGJ
Preorder: D A B D H E C F G I J
E
Postorder:
HDEBFIJGCA
b)Inorder :
Preorder:
Postorder:
DHBEAFCIGJ
DHEABCFGIJ
HHD E B F I J G C A
c)Inorder :
Preorder:
Postorder:
DHBEAFCIGJ
ABDHECFGIJ
HDEBFIJGAC
d)Inorder :
Preorder:
Postorder:
HDBEAFCIGJ
ABDHECFGIJ
HDEBFIJGCA
521
9.
main()
{
static int var = 5;
if(var)
main();
}
b. 4 3 2 1
b. 4 3 2 1 0
c. 5 4 3 2 1 d. 0 0 0 0 0
10.
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
struct xx
{
int x=3;
};
struct xx *s;
printf("%d",s->x);
}
c. 3 hello b. Compiler Error
11.
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
const int i=4;
float j;
j = ++i;
}
b. 5 6.000000
b. 5 5.000000 c. 6 6.000000 d. compiler error
12.
void main()
{
522
printf("\n %d",++k);
}
int ret(int ret)
{
ret += 2.5;
return(ret);
}
b. Compiler Error b. 8
c. 6
d. 7
13.
int swap(int *a,int *b)
{
*a=*a+*b;*b=*a-*b;*a=*a-*b;
}
main()
{
int x=10,y=20;
swap(&x,&y);
}
c. 20 10 b. 10 20 c. 20 20 d. 10 10
14.
main()
{
char *p = ayqm;
char c;
c = ++*p++;
printf(%c,c);
b. a
}
b. b
c. y
d. z
15.
main()
{
float i=1.5;
switch(i)
{
}
}
c. 0
b. 0 1 2
c. 1 2 0 d. Compiler Error e. 2 0
523
16.
#define MESS junk
main()
{
printf(MESS);
}
b. Junk
b. Error
c. MESS
d. MESS junk
17.
main ()
{
int i = 5;
switch (i) {
static int i;
i = 3;
i = i * i;
case 3:
i = i + i;
case 4:
i = i + i;
case 5:
i = i + i;
printf (%d,i);
}
printf (%d,i);
}
b. 9
b. 10 10
c. 0 5 d. 18 18 e. 18 5
18.
What would be the output of the following program.
Int fn(int);
main()
{
int i=10;
fn(i);
printf("%d",i);
}
fn(int i)
{
return ++i;
}
(a) 10
(b) 11
(c) 12
Compilation error
(d)
524
19.
main()
{
FILE *fp1,*fp2;
fp1=fopen("one","w");
fputc('A',fp1) ;
fputc('B',fp2) ;
fclose(fp1) ;
fclose(fp2) ;
}
Find the Error, If Any?
e. no error. But It will over writes on same file.
f. no error. But It will create one more file.
g. error. It will not allow.
h. no error. The new content will append in existing file.
20.
void main()
{
int a=555,*ptr=&a,b=*ptr;
printf("%d %d %d",++a,--b,*ptr++);
}
(b)555 554 555
(d)557 554 555
21.
what type of Binary Tree is the following tree below
(c)556 554 555
525
e.
f.
g.
h.
binary tree
not a binary tree
22.
If suppose root to be deleted then which node will be the root node
A
526
e.
f.
g.
h.
B
G
Any node
23.
When fopen() fails to open a file it returns
a) NULL b) 1 c) 1 d) None of the above
24.
Which function is used to detect the end of file
a) EOF b) feof( ) c) ferror( ) d) NULL
25.
If the CPU fails to keep the variables in CPU registers, in that case the variables are
assumed
a) static b) external c) global d) auto
1.main()
{
int x,y,z;
x=y=z=1;
z=++x||++y&&++z;
printf("%d %d %d",x,y,z);
}
2.13. main()
{
int i=5,j=10;
i=i&=j&&10;
}
ans::1 10
3.2. main()
{
int i=-1,j=-1,k=0,l=2,m;
m=i++&&j++&&k++||l++;
527
}
ans::0 0 1 3 1
3.28. main()
{
int i=4,j=7;
}
ans::4 1
3.29
main()
{
int a=500,b=100,c=300,d=40,e=19;
a+=b-=c*=d/=e%=5;
printf("%d %d %d %d %d",a,b,c,d,e);
}
2.main( )
{
int k=35;
printf( %d %d %d\n, k == 35,k=50,k>40);
}
ans::0 5 0
3.main( )
{
int x=4,y,z;
y = --x;
z = x--;
printf(%d %d %d\n,x,y,z);
}
ans:2 3 3
1.6. main()
{
int i=10;
i=!i>14;
printf ("i=%d",i);
}
ans::0
1.20. main()
{
int i=-1;
+i;
printf("i = %d, +i = %d \n",i,+i);
}
528
ans -1,-1
1.34. #include<conio.h>
main()
{
int x,y=2,z,a;
if(x=y%2) z=2;
a=2;
}
1.42. main()
{
int i=10,j=20;
j = i, j?(i,j)?i:j:j;
}
3.4. main()
{
int i=5;
}
int main()
{
int x=5,y=6,z=2;
clrscr();
z/=y/z==3?y/z:x*y;
printf("%d",z);
return 0;
}
int main()
{
int a=1,b=2,c=3,d=4;
clrscr();
printf("%d\n",!a?b?!c:!d:a);
printf("%d %d %d %d",a,b,c,d);
return(0);
}
5.main()
{
printf("\nab");
printf("\bsi");
529
printf("\rha");
}
1. main()
{
p1=p;
while(*p!='\0') ++*p++;
}
2.#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
char a[]="abcdef";
char *p=a;
clrscr();
p++;
p++;
p[2]='z';
printf("%s",p);
getch();
}
ans::cdzf
2.6. main()
{
char *str1="abcd";
char str2[]="abcd";
}
ans:: 2 5 5
2.1. main()
{
char s[ ]="man";
int i;
for(i=0;s[ i ];i++)
}
ans:: m m m
a a a
n n n
530
1.7. #define square(x) x*x
main()
{
int i;
i = 64/square(4);
printf("%d",i);
}
ans::64
1.7.2 #define cube(x) x*x*x
main()
{
int b=3,a;
a=cube(b++);
}
ans::27,6
1.8. #include <stdio.h>
#define a 10
main()
{
#define a 50
printf("%d",a);
}
ans::50
3.3. #include<stdio.h>
main()
{
char s[]={'a','b','c','\n','c','\0'};
char *p,*str,*str1;
p=&s[3];
str=p;
str1=s;
printf("%d",++*p + ++*str1-32);
}
3.6. main()
{
int i;
char *t;
t=names[3];
names[3]=names[4];
names[4]=t;
531
for (i=0;i<=4;i++)
}
ans::Lvalue Required.....base address can't be changed
names[3]=names[4];
1)Allocating a 2 blocks of memory for 'n' intgers is by using

a) malloc
b) calloc
c) both malloc and calloc
2) In queue using linked list, which is correct?
a) both insertion and deltionis made at the front end
b) insertion is made at the beginning and deletion is made at the last
c) insertion is made at the last and deletion is made at the beginning
d) both insertion and deltionis made at the back end
3) for(i=0;i<2;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<5;j++)
{
if(i==j)
break;
printf("wipro");
}
}
how many times would wipro to be printed?
1 time
4) all the local variables are stored in ----------------a) stack
b) heap
c) queue
d) none
ans::a
5) Once you call a function,all the return addresses are stored in ---------------a) stack
b) heap
c) queue
d) none
6) Which of the following is true about binary tree
532
a) i only
b)ii only
c) both i and ii
d) neither i nor ii
7) Which of the following is true about complete binary tree
a) i only
b)ii only
c) both i and ii
d) neither i nor ii
8) struct node
{
int data;
};
reapectively.then,what will be the output of the following snippet
front=start;
back=end;
while(back!=NULL)
{
printf("%d",back->data);
back=back->left;
}
Data Structure Questions & Answers
1)Consider the following structure
struct node
{
int info;
struct node *link;
};
Suppose ptr is a pointer which is not pointing to the first or the last node. Then if
we are going to delete a node after ptr, then the code will be
a) ptr=ptr->link;
b) ptr->link=ptr;
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2) Consider the following structure

struct node
{
int info;
struct node *link;
};
Suppose start is a pointer pointing to the first node of the linked list.
s1 and ptr are the two pointers (they are not pointing to the first or last node). Then if we
are going to execute the following code,
i) start->link=s1;
ii) s1->link=ptr;
iii) ptr->link=start;
then the list is
a)
b)
c)
d)
It is having only 3 nodes with start, s1, ptr in the list, having start as the first node
It is a circular linked list
It is a doubly linked list
None of the above
3) In a queue, if rear=front then what will be the queue

a) Queue is empty
b) Queue is full
4) In a queue, if rear=0, front=0 then what will be the queue
a) Queue is empty
b) Queue is full
5)
a)
b)
c)
d)
In a queue, if rear=0, front=1 then what will be the queue

Queue is empty
Queue is full
Queue has only one element
Queue is circular
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6) In a queue,if rear=-1,front=-1 then what will be the queue

a) Queue is empty
b) Queue is full
7) In a queue, if rear=max-1, front=0 then what will be the queue
a) Queue is empty
b) Queue is full
8) The postfix expression is ab+c*d/e-.The values of a, b, c, d, e are 2, 4, 5, 2, 1
respectively. Then the output is
a)
b)
c)
d)
14
11
20
15
9) The infix expression is a+b*(c-d)/(e+f)*h then my postfix expression is

a) ab+cd-*ef+h*/
b) abcd-ef+*/h*
c) abcd-*ef+/h*+
d) abcdef+-*/h*+
10) In the stack, if top=0 then the stack is
a) Stack is empty
b) Stack is full
c) Stack has only one element
11) Consider the structure

struct node
{
int info;
struct node *left;
struct node *right;
};
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We have 10 elements in the list. If the following executes what will be the output?
for(ptr=start; ptr; ptr=ptr->right)
{
if(ptr->data%2==0)
printf("%d", ptr->data);
}
a) Only even numbers are printed
b) Only odd numbers are printed
c) Compiler error
d) Only garbage values
12)
struct node
{
int data;
};
Suppose nd is a node which is not in the beginning and also not in the end. How
will you delete a node after nd?
13)
struct node
{
int data;
};
Suppose nd is a node which is not in the beginning and also not in the end. How
will you delete a node before nd?
a) nd->left=nd->right->left;nd->right->left=nd->left->right;
b) nd->left=nd->right->right;nd->left->right=nd->right;
c) nd->left=nd->left->left;nd->left->right=nd;
d) nd->left=nd->left->right;nd->left->right=nd;
14)
struct node
536
{
int data;
};
Suppose ptr is a node which is not in the beginning and also not in the end. How
will you delete a node ptr?
a) ptr->left->right=ptr->right;ptr->right->left=ptr->left;free(ptr);
b) ptr->left->right=ptr->right->right;ptr->left->right=ptr->right;free(ptr);
c) ptr->left->right=ptr->left->left;ptr->left->right=ptr;free(ptr);
d) ptr->left->right=ptr->left;ptr->left->right=ptr->left;free(ptr);
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15)
struct node
{
int data;
};
Suppose ptr is a node which is not in the beginning and also not in the end. nd is
the new node.
Here is the coding:
i) ptr->right->left=nd;
ii) nd->left=ptr;
iii) ptr->right=nd;
iv) nd->right=ptr->right;
Then what sequence does it follows for inserting nd after ptr?
a) i,ii,iii,iv
b) ii,iv,i,iii
c)iv,iii,ii,i
d) ii,iii,i,iv
16) In the Given Infix expression which is the root node for your expression tree (A+B)(C*D)+G/H*I
a) +
b) c) *
d) /
17) Consider a binary search tree

insert(10,root);
insert(25,root);
insert(5,root);
insert(8,root);
insert(13,root);
insert(45,root);
insert(70,root);
insert(32,root);
delete(13,root);
insert(66,root);
insert(13,root);
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insert(36,root);
What will be the preorder traversal is
a) 5,8,10,13,25,32,36,45,66,70
b) 10,5,8,25,13,45,32,36,70,66
c) 10,8,5,13,32,45,36,66,32,70
d) 8,5,32,36,10,66,45,70,25,13
19) The preorder traversal is 5, 3, 66, 30, 77, 70 .What will be the root node
a) 5
b) 66
c) 70
d) 30
20) Which one of the following is true for the binary tree
i) root is greater than the left sub tree and lesser than the right sub tree
ii) root is lesser than the left sub tree and greater than the right sub tree
a) only i
b) only ii
c) both i and ii
d) Neither i nor ii
void main()
{
printf("%f",123);
}
(a)123
(c)123.00
void main()
{
int a = -1,b=2,c=3,d=4;
d=++a||++b&&++c;
printf(%d %d %d %d,a,b,c,d);
}
(a) 0 3 4 1
(b) 1 3 4 5
(c)1 3 4 0
void main()
(d)123.000000
(d) 1 2 3 4
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{
char line[80]; // Max. length=80 Chars
scanf("%[^,]s",line);
printf("\n%s",line);
}
INPUT :Dear,how, are, you
(a)Compile Error
(b)Dear Friends
4.. main()
{
scanf(%c%c%c,&I,&j,&k);
}
Input is : hello India hi
What will be the values of i,j,k ?
(c) dear (d) runtime error
// VARIABLES NOT DECLARED
a) hello , India, hi
b) h , e , l (c ) compile time error (d) run time error
5) What will be the output of the following program :
void main()
{
printf();
}
(c)No Output (d)None of these
6) What will be the output of the following program :
void main()
{
printf("d%",8);
}
(a)8 (b)Compile Error
(c)%d
(d)None of these
7) void main()
{
int val=5;
printf("%*d",val);
}
(a) 5
(b)5
(d)None of these
8. void main()
{
printf("Hi!");
if (0 || -1)
printf("Bye");
}
(a)No Output
(b)Hi!
(c)Bye
9) void main()
{
printf("%d %d",sizeof ( 4.56),sizeof(4.56f));
}
(d)Hi!Bye
540
(a)8, 4 (b)4,8
(c)8,8
(d)4,4
10,.
main()
{
for( i=-2;i ; i++)
printf(hi\n);
} here the loop is performed how many times ?
(a) 2 ( b) 1 ( c) 3 d) infinite
11. ) which of the following doesnot change value of variable i .
a) i++ (b) i+1 (c) i=i+1 (d) i+=1
*12. union u
{
Int a;
Char ch[2];
}u1;
U1.a=5;
U1.ch[0]=4 ; u1.ch[1]=2;
Printf(%d,a);
// IT SHOULD BE u1.a
}
(a) 5 (b) 42 ( c) 1028 (d) 24
13. void main()
{
int x, y, z;
x = 27 ;
y = x % 5;
z = x / 5 ; } what value y and z hold currently :
(a) 2,5
(b) 2,5.4 (c) 2,5.000000 (d) none of these
14. int i=10,j=25;
Double k;
K = j/i;
Printf(%lf,k);
(a) 2 (b) 2.5 (c) 2.499999 (d) invalid type conversion
15. static int choice;
switch(++choice,choice+1,choice-2,choice+=1)//choice =2
Currently choice will hold what value in Switch statement:
(a) 2 (b) 0 (c) invalid switch statement (d) -1
16,. struct s
{ int rno=10;//cannot declare here
}s1;
printf(%d, s1.rno);
( ans: 516)
541
(a) compile error
(b) runtime error (c) 10
(d) 0
16. void main()

{
int a=1,b=2,c=3;
c=(--a,b++)-c;
}
(a)0 3 -3
(c)0 3 -1
(d)0 3 0
17. #define swap(a,b) a=b ;temp=a; ; b=temp;
void main()
{
if (a > b)
swap(a,b);
}
(a)a=5 b=6
(b)a=6 b=5
(c)a=5 b=5
(d)None of these
18. void main()
{
unsigned int val=5;
printf("%u %u",val,val-21);
}
(b)5 -6
(c)5 65520
(d)None of these
19.
a=5,b=6;
(++a<++b) ?a:--b;
Printf(%d %d,a,b);
}
(a) 5 6
(b) 6 7
(c) 5 7
(d) 6 6
20.
void main()
{
int x=4,y=3,z=2;
*&z*=*&x**&y;
printf("%d",z);
}
(b)Run-Time Error (c)24 (d)Unpredictable
21,. char a[2][11]={morning,India)
printf(%s, *(a[0]+3));
(a) compile error (b) n (c) i (d) none of these
*22. #define f(g,g2) g##g2
main()
{
int var12=100;
}
542
a)compilation error
b)runtime error
c)100
d)var##12
23,. int I=40;

Int *p= i;//there sud be p=&i;
I++;
Int *q = i;
Printf(%d %d, *p, *q);
}
(a) 40 41
(b) 41 41 (c) 40 40 (d) compile time error
24. The syntax of a function call statement is
a) function name (argument list);
b) [storage class] function name (parameter list);
c) function name (parameter list);
d) [return type] function name (argument list);
25. int a[5] = { 1,2,3,4,5};
a++;
printf(%d,*a);
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) address of a[0] (d) none of these
26. feof ,NULL , EOF are used for the following commands respectively
(a) fgetc,fgets,fread
(b) fread, fgetc,fgets (c) fread, fgets,fgetc (d) none of
these//ans sud be c
27, . which of the following mode is useful for editing a file ?
(a) w+ (b) r+ (c) a+ (d) a
28, the term FILE is a
(a) header file (b) Predefined function (c) Predefined structure (d) none of these
29,.
int p[3][5] = {
{ 2, 4, 6, 8, 10},
{ 3, 6, 9, 12, 15},
{ 5, 10, 15, 20, 25}
};
What is the vlalue of *(*(p+1)+1)+1 , *(*(p+1)+2)//ans is 7 9 so none of these
(a) 6, 7 (b) 7,12 (c) 6 , 13 (d) none of these
30.to locate the position of file pointer in a file, which of the following function is used
(a) ftell() (b) fseek ( )
(c) fwrite( ) (d) fread( )
31. Which data structures used to perform recursion?
A.
B.
C.
D.
FIFO Structure
LIFO Structure
LILO Structure
NON Linear Structure
32. The operation for adding an entry to a stack is traditionally called:
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a. add
b. append
c. insert
d. push
33. I have implemented the queue with a linked list, keeping track of a front pointer
and a rear pointer. Which of these pointers will change during an insertion into a
NONEMPTY queue?
a. Neither changes
b. Only front_ptr changes.
c. Only rear_ptr changes.
d. Both change.
34. Suppose we have an array implementation of the Queue, with ten items in the
Queue stored at Que[0] through Que[9]. The CAPACITY is 30. From where does
the DeleteQue function deletes item in the array?
a. Que[0]
b. Que[1]
c. Que[9]
d. Que[10]
35. If the characters 'D', 'C', 'B', 'A' are placed in a queue (in that order), and then
removed one at a time, in what order will they be removed?
a. ABDC
b. DCAB
c. DCBA
d. ABCD
*36.Here is an infix expression: 6+2*(1*5-9). Suppose that we are using the usual
stack algorithm to convert the expression from infix to postfix notation. What is the
maximum number of symbols that will appear on the stack AT ONE TIME during the
conversion of this expression?
e. 1
f. 2
g. 3
h. 4
i. 5
36. One difference between a queue and a stack is:
a. Queues use two ends of the structure; stacks use only one.
b. Queues require dynamic memory, but stacks do not.
c. Stacks require dynamic memory, but queues do not.
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d. Stacks use two ends of the structure, queues use only one.
37. If we draw a binary Tree for the expression : A * B - (C + D) * (P / Q) and
traversed in Preorder, then we will get the following output.
a. -*AB*+CD/PQ
b. AB*CD+PQ/*c. ABCDPQ-*+*/
d. *-+*/ABCDPQ
38. Suppose that p is a pointer variable that contains the NULL pointer. What
happens if your program tries to read or write *p?
a. A syntax error always occurs at compilation time.
b. A run-time error always occurs when the program finishes.
c. The results are unpredictable.
d. A run-time error always occurs when *p is evaluated.
39. Which of the following stack operations could result in stack Overflow flow?
a. is_full
b. pop
c. push
d. Two or more of the above answers
40. Suppose think there is a linked list with 10 nodes and a pointer Ptr pointing to the
Second node. Then which of the following statement will cause Ptr to point 5th
node data.
a. Ptr->next->next->data
b. Ptr->next->data
c. Ptr->next->next->next->data
d. Ptr->next->next->next
41. A Full Binary Search Tree contains, How many Nodes? (where n is height)
a. n nodes
b. 2^(n-1) nodes
c. 2^n nodes
d. (2^n)-1 nodes
42. A Structure which can refer an another Structure of same type is called as:
a. Structure within structure
b. Nested structure
c. Self referential structure
d. Dynamic structure
43. Suppose think there is a Double linked list with 15 nodes and a pointer Ptr
pointing to the Fifth node. Then which of the following statement will cause Ptr to
point 3th node data.
a. Ptr->next->prior->prior
b. Ptr->next->next->next
c. Ptr->next->prior->prior->prior
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d. Ptr->next->prior->next->prior
44. What kind of list is best to access the item at given position n?"
a. Doubly-linked lists.
b. Lists implemented with an array.
c. Singly-linked lists.
d. Doubly-linked or singly-linked lists are equally best
45. Suppose Ptr points to a node in a linked list. What Boolean expression will be true
when Ptr points to the tail node of the list?
a. Ptr == NULL
b. Ptr->link == NULL
c. Ptr->data == NULL
d. Ptr->data == 0.0
e. None of the above.
46. the given below is login for Reverse traversal of a double linked list, replace the
XXXXXXX with correct statements.
for( XXXXXXX )
{
printf(%d, ptr->marks);
}
a.
b.
c.
d.
ptr =first; (ptr); ptr = ptr->next

ptr = last; (ptr); ptr = ptr->prior
ptr = last; (ptr); ptr = ptr->next
ptr = first; (ptr); ptr = ptr->prior
47. In a Binary Search tree a new node is always inserted as:

a. Right child
b. Left child
c. Leaf node
d. Non leaf node
48. Suppose Ptr needs to point last but one node in a Double linked list. Which of the
statement will give me the result?
a. Ptr=first->prior
b. Ptr=last->prior
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c. Ptr=last->next
d. Ptr=first->next->prior
49. Which of the following applications may use a stack?
a. A parentheses balancing program.
b. Evolution of postfix expression.
c. Syntax analyzer for a compiler.
d. All of the above.
1.Consider the following statement :

s= fscanf(infile, %c, &nextChar);
what is true about the above statement?
A. infile is the name of a file
B. infile is the name of a variable of type FILE*
C. after the fscanf executes, s contains the next character read from the
file (unless there is no data left on the file)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
A only
B only
C only
All of A, B and C
None of A, B, or C
Answer: b. B only
2. Which of the following can be used across files
a. extern
b. volatile
c. static
d. const
Answer: a
3. When fopen() fails to open a file it returns _______
a. NULL
b. -1
c. 1
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Answer: a. NULL
4. The EOF is equivalent to
a. -1
b. 1
c. 0
Answer: a
5. What will be the output of following code assuming file already exists with some
contents
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
FILE *ptr;
char i;
while((i=fgetch(ptr))!=EOF);
printf("%c",i);
}
a.
b.
c.
d.
contents of zzz.c
error
prints some data after EOF
reaches.
Answer: D
6. what is the output of the following
void main()
{
int i = 10;
if(i==0)
assert(i < 100);
else
}
a. no output
b. error
c. else part is printed
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d. prints assertion failed in the file
Answer: c
7. What will be the output of the following code segmet

FILE *fp1,*fp2;
fputc('A',fp1) ;
fputc('B',fp2) ;
fclose(fp1) ;
fclose(fp2) ;
a. No Error, but it will over writes on same file
b. Error in pointer declaration
c. Runs successfully
d. None
Answer: C
8. Considering the code
Char x[20];
-------fgets(x,20,fp);
printf(%s,x);
where fp points to the file which contains the data in the following format
wipro
innovation
program
what is the output?
a.
b.
c.
d.
wipro
wiproinnovationprogr
ram
wipro\ninnovation\npro
Answer: A
9. When file opened in mode ab
a. pointer is placed at the beginning of file
549
b. end of the file
c. error in opening
d. none of the above
Answer: b
10. Consider the following statement
fseek(fp,50,4);
which among the following is correct
a.
b.
c.
d.
moves the file pointer to beginning of file

moves the file pointer to the 50th byte from beginning of file
moves file pointer to the 50th byte from end of file
compilation error
Answer: d
SESSION 1
1. main()
{
float me = 1.1;
double you = 1.1;
if(me==you)
printf("Hello");
else
printf("Welcome");
}
1. Answer:
Welcome
Explanation:
Rule of Thumb:
Never compare or at-least be cautious when using floating point numbers with relational
operators (== , >, <, <=, >=,!= )
2. main()
{
int i=3;
550
switch(i)
{
break;
break;
break;
}
}
2. Answer :
three
Explanation :
3. main()
{
int i=10;
i=!i>14;
printf ("i=%d",i);
}
3. Answer:
i=0
Explanation:
(zero).
main()
{
int i=1,j=2;
switch(i)
{
break;
551
break;
}
}
4. Answer:
Explanation:
Note:
5. main()
{
int i;
}
5. Answer:
1
Explanation:
of items read is 1.
6. main()
{
int i=0;
printf("%d",i);
}
6. Answer:
1
Explanation:
7. main()
552
{
int i=-1;
+i;
printf("i = %d, +i = %d \n",i,+i);
}
7. Answer:
i = -1, +i = -1
Explanation:
8. main()
{
char not;
not=!2;
printf("%d",not);
}
8. Answer:
0
Explanation:
so it prints 0.
9. main()
{
int k=1;
}
9. Answer:
1==1 is TRUE
Explanation:
553
10. main()
{
int y;
if( (y%4==0 && y%100 != 0) || y%100 == 0 )
else
}
10. Answer:
2000 is a leap year
Explanation:
11. main()
{
int i=-1;
-i;
printf("i = %d, -i = %d \n",i,-i);
}
11. Answer:
i = -1, -i = 1
Explanation:
is printed.
12. int i;
main(){
int t;
printf("%d--",t--);
}
12. Answer:
4--0
3--1
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2--2
Explanation:
will be,
t
i
x
4
0
-4
3
1
-2
2
2
0
13. main(){
if(a,b,x,y)
printf("hello");
}
13. Answer:
hello
Explanation:
14. main(){
unsigned int i;
for(i=1;i>-2;i--)
}
14. Explanation:
15. void main()

{
while(1){
break;
555
else
continue;
}
}
15. Answer:
Garbage values
Explanation:
16. #include<conio.h>
main()
{
int x,y=2,z,a;
if(x=y%2) z=2;
a=2;
}
16. Answer:
Garbage-value 0
Explanation:
17. main()
{
unsigned char i=0;
for(;i>=0;i++) ;
printf("%d\n",i);
}
17. Answer
infinite loop
Explanation
556
18. main()
{
char i=0;
for(;i>=0;i++) ;
printf("%d\n",i);
}
18. Answer:128
Explanation:
Rule:
19. main()
{
char p[ ]="%d\n";
p[1] = 'c';
printf(p,65);
}
19. Answer:
A
Explanation:
20. main()
{
int i=10,j=20;
j = i, j?(i,j)?i:j:j;
}
20. Answer:
557
10 10
Explanation:
if(i,j)
{
if(i,j)
j = i;
else
j = j;
}
else
j = j;
21. main()
{
float i=1.5;
switch(i)
{
}
}
21. Answer:
Explanation:
22. Which version do you prefer of the following two,
2) printf(str);
22. Answer & Explanation:
558
23. void main()
{
char ch;
}
23. Answer: Infinite Loop
Explanation:
24. main()
{
char a[4]="HELLO";
printf("%s",a);
}
24. Answer:
Explanation:
stored.
25.
main()
{
char a[4]="HELL";
printf("%s",a);
}
25. Answer:
HELL
Explanation:
Session -2
559
26. main()
{
int c=- -2;
printf("c=%d",c);
}
26. Answer:
c=2;
Explanation:
Note:
27. void main()

{
int i;
char a[]="\0";
else
}
27. Answer:
Ok here
Explanation:
28. What is the output of the program given below

main()
{
signed char i=0;
for(;i>=0;i++) ;
560
printf("%d\n",i);
}
28. Answer
-128
Explanation
-128.
29. main()
{
char i=0;
for(;i>=0;i++) ;
printf("%d\n",i);
}
29. Answer:
Explanation:
implementation dependent. If the implementation treats the char to
be signed by default the program will print 128 and terminate. On
the other hand if it considers char to be unsigned by default, it goes
to infinite loop.
Rule:
30. main()
{
int i = 3;
}
30. Answer:
561
Explanation:
31. main()
{
int i=5,j=10;
i=i&=j&&10;
}
31. Answer:
1 10
Explanation:
result.
Session 3
32. main()
{
int i=-1,j=-1,k=0,l=2,m;
m=i++&&j++&&k++||l++;
}
32. Answer:
00131
Explanation :
AND (&&) operator has higher priority over the logical OR (||) operator.
So the expression i++ && j++ && k++ is executed first. The result of
this expression is 0 (-1 && -1 && 0 = 0). Now the expression is 0 || 2
which evaluates to 1 (because OR operator always gives 1 except for 0 ||
0 combination- for which it gives 0). So the value of m is 1. The values of
other variables are also incremented by 1.
33. main()
{
int i=5;
562
}
33. Answer:
45545
Explanation:
right. The evaluation is by popping out from the stack. and the evaluation
is from right to left, hence the result.
34. main()
{
int i=5,j=6,z;
printf("%d",i+++j);
}
34. Answer:
11
Explanation:
35. main()
{
int i =0;j=0;
if(i && j++)
}
35. Answer:
0..0
Explanation:
printed.
36. void main()
563
{
unsigned giveit=-1;
int gotit;
}
36. Answer:
0 65535
37. main()
{
unsigned int i=10;
while(i-->=0)
printf("%u ",i);
}
37. Answer:
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 65535 65534..
Explanation:
38. main()
{
while(i++!=0) ;
printf("%d",i);
}
38. Answer:
1
Explanation:
39. main()
{
564
int i=5;
}
39. Answer:
1
Explanation:
The expression can be treated as i = (++i==6), because == is of higher
precedence than = operator. In the inner expression, ++i is equal to 6
yielding true(1). Hence the result.
40. main()
{
int i=4,j=7;
}
40. Answer:
41
Explanation:
same.
SESSION 1
1. main()
{
float me = 1.1;
double you = 1.1;
if(me==you)
printf("Hello");
else
printf("Welcome");
}
565
Ans: welcome
2. main()
{
extern int i;
i=20;
printf("%d",i);
}
Ans: linker error.
3. main()
{
int i=3;
switch(i)
{
break;
break;
break;
}
}
Ans: Three
4. main()
{
display(string);
}
{
}
Ans::Hello World
5. #define int char
main()
{
int i=65;
}
566
Ans: 1
6. main()
{
int i=10;
i=!i>14;
printf ("i=%d",i);
}
Ans: 0
main()
{
int i;
i = 64/square(4);
printf("%d",i);
}
Ans: 64
#define a 10
main()
{
#define a 50
printf("%d",a);
}
Ans: 50
main()
{
clrscr();
}
Ans: 100
10.main()
{
printf("%p",main);
}
567
Ans : address of main

11. main()
{
clrscr();
}
clrscr();
ans::error:type mismatch
12. main()
{
int i=400,j=300;
printf("%d..%d");
}
Ans::300 400
13. main()
{
int i=1;
while (i<=5)
{
printf("%d",i);
if (i>2)
goto here;
i++;
}
}
fun()
{
here:
printf("PP");
}
Ans: error::goto here sud be defined and called in same fuction
main()
{
int i=1,j=2;
switch(i)
{
break;
break;
568
}
}
Ans: Error::case sud have a constant value
15. main()
{
int i;
}
Ans: 1
16. main()
{
int i=0;
printf("%d",i);
}
Ans: 1 ya since i++ will not increment first time so I is o in for thats why
17 . main()
{
extern int i;
i=20;
}
Ans: Linker error
18. main()
{
extern out;
printf("%d", out);
}
int out=100;
Ans: 100
19.
main()
{
show();
569
}
void show()
{
}
Ans::I m the greatest
20. main()
{
int i=-1;
+i;
printf("i = %d, +i = %d \n",i,+i);
}
Ans: -1 -1
21. What are the files which are automatically opened when a C file is executed?
Ans: stdinput,stdoutput,stderror.
22. main()
{
main();
}
Ans: runs until stack overflow.
23. main()
{
char not;
not=!2;
printf("%d",not);
}
Ans: 0 if %c is used then a blank is printed as !2=0
24. #define FALSE -1
#define TRUE 1
#define NULL 0
main() {
if(NULL)
puts("NULL");
else if(FALSE)
puts("TRUE");
else
570
puts("FALSE");
}
Ans: TRUE ::print as it anythng in double quotes
25. main()
{
int k=1;
}
Ans: 1==1 is True.
26. main()
{
int y;
if( (y%4==0 && y%100 != 0) || y%100 == 0 )
printf("%d is a leap year",y);
else
printf("%d is not a leap year",y);
}
Ans: 2000 leap year
27. main()
{
int i=-1;
-i;
printf("i = %d, -i = %d \n",i,-i);
}
Ans: i=-1 i=1
28. main()
{
getc(c);
if((c>='a') && (c<='z'))
x=convert(c);
printf("%c",x);
}
convert(z)
571
{
return z-32;
}
Ans: Error//1ST convert (char);will do in fuction prtotype+fuc dec convert(char z) sud be
used+getc() is not a library function
29. main(int argc, char **argv)
{
getchar();
}
sum(num1,num2)
int num1,num2;
{
return num1+num2;
}
Ans:Error??
30. int i;
main(){
int t;
printf("%d--",t--);
}
Ans: 40
31
22 //GUD 1
31. main(){
if(a,b,x,y)
printf("hello");
}
Ans:hello
32. main()
{
unsigned int i;
for(i=1;i>-2;i--)
572
}
Ans: infinite.
33. void main()
{
while(1)
{
break;
else
continue;
}
}
Ans: (garbage or 0) 1(compiler dependent)
34. #include<conio.h>
main()
{
int x,y=2,z,a;
if(x=y%2)
z=2;
a=2;
}
Ans: garbage 0
35. main()
{
unsigned char i=0;
for(;i>=0;i++) ;
printf("%d\n",i);
}
Ans: infinite
36. main()
{
char i=0;
for(;i>=0;i++) ;
printf("%d\n",i);
}
Ans: -128
573
39. main()
{
char p[ ]="%d\n";
p[1] = 'c';
printf(p,65);
}
Ans: A
40. main()
{
}
Ans: no output//strcmp(gives 0 if all letters are equal)
41. main()
{
}
Ans: no output.
42. main()
{
int i=10,j=20;
j = i, j?(i,j)?i:j:j;
}
Ans: 10 10
43. main()
{
register int a=2;
}
Ans: error
574
44. main()
{
float i=1.5;
switch(i)
{
}
}
Ans: error
45. main()
{
extern i;
printf("%d\n",i);
{
int i=20;
printf("%d\n",i);
}
}
Ans: linker error(run time error)
46. char inputString[100] = {0};
Ans: 1.
47. Which version do you prefer of the following two,
2) printf(str);
Ans: 1
48. void main()
{
char ch;
575
}
Ans: infinite
49. main()
{
char a[4]="HELLO";
printf("%s",a);
}
Ans: error//too many intializers
50.
main()
{
char a[4]="HELL";
printf("%s",a);
}
Ans: HELLgarbage
51. main()
{
printf("%d", out);
}
int out=100;
Ans: error
SESSION 2
1. main()
{
char s[ ]="man";
int i;
for(i=0;s[ i ];i++)
}
576
Ans: mmmm
aaaa
nnnn
2. main()
{
char *p;
}
Ans: 1 2
*3. main()
{
printf("%x",-1<<4);
}
Ans: 0xfff0
4. main()
{
int c=- -2;
printf("c=%d",c);
}
Ans: 2
5.. main()
{
char *p;
p="Hello";
}
//here*&p==&*p
Ans: H
6. main()
{
char *str1="abcd";
char str2[]="abcd";
}
Ans: 2 5 5
577
main()
{
register i=5;//valid int can be dropped
char j[]= "hello";
}
Ans: hello 5
8. void main()
{
int i;
char a[]="\0";
else
}
Ans: Ok here
9. What is the output of the program given below
main()
{
signed char i=0;
for(;i>=0;i++) ;
printf("%d\n",i);
}
Ans : -128
10. main()
{
char i=0;
for(;i>=0;i++) ;
printf("%d\n",i);
}
Ans : -128
578
*11. void main()
{
memory);
}
Ans : you can answer this if you know how values are represented in memory
12. main()
{
int i = 3;
}
Ans : L value required error.
13. main()
{
int i=5,j=10;
i=i&=j&&10;
}
Ans : 1 10
14. #define DIM( array, type) sizeof(array)/sizeof(type)
main()
{
int arr[10];
}
Ans: 10
15.

{
}
main()
{
int arr[10];
}
Ans: The dimension of the array is 10
579
16. #define max 5

main()
{
arr1 list={0,1,2,3,4};
arr2 name="name";
}
Ans: Error
SESSION 3
1.
main()
{
static int var = 5;
if(var)
main();
}
Ans : 5 4 3 2 1
2. main()
{
int i=-1,j=-1,k=0,l=2,m;
m=i++&&j++&&k++||l++;
}
Ans: 0 0 1 3 1
main()
{
char s[]={'a','b','c','\n','c','\0'};
char *p,*str,*str1;
p=&s[3];
str=p;
str1=s;
printf("%d",++*p + ++*str1-32);//asc of \n==10 so 11+98-32==77//
}
580
Ans: 77
4. main()
{
int i=5;
printf("%d%d%d%d%d",i++,i--,++i,--i,i);
}
Ans : 4,5,5,4,5
5. main()
{
p1=p;
while(*p!='\0')
++*p++;//whever there is a pointer we consider r to l so 1st post
}
Ans: ibj!gsjfoet
6. main()
{
int i;
char *t;
t=names[3];
names[3]=names[4];
names[4]=t;
for (i=0;i<=4;i++)
}
Ans: Error
7. void main()
{
int i=5;
printf("%d",i++ + ++i);
}
Ans: 12
increment
581
8.
void main()
{
int i=5;
printf("%d",i++ +++i);
}
Ans : Lvalue required error

main()
{
char s[]={'a','b','c','\n','c','\0'};
char *p,*str,*str1;
p=&s[3];
str=p;
str1=s;
printf("%d",++*p + ++*str1-32);
}
Ans : 77
main()
{
const int i=4;
float j;
j = ++i;
}
Ans: error
11. main()
{
int i=5,j=6,z;
printf("%d",i+ + +j);
}
Ans: 11
12. main()
{
int i=_l_abc(10);
printf("%d\n",--i);
}
int _l_abc(int i)
{
582
return(i++);
}
Ans : 9.
13. main()
{
int i =0;j=0;
if(i && j++)
}
Ans: 0 0
*14. main()
{
char *p;
p="%d\n";
p++;
p++;
printf(p-2,300);
}
//printf(name of string )==will print string..
Ans: 300
15. void main()
{
static int i=5;
if(--i){
main();
printf("%d ",i);
}
}
Ans: 0 0 0 0
16. void main()
{
}
int ret(int ret)
{
ret += 2.5;
return(ret);
583
}
Ans: 7.
17. void main()
{
char a[]="12345\0";
int i=strlen(a);
printf("%d\n",++i);
}
Ans: 6
*18. void main()
{
unsigned giveit=-1;
int gotit;
}
Ans: 0 65535
19. void main()
{
}
Ans: garbage
20. void main()
{
}
Ans: Error
21. main()
{
unsigned int i=10;
while(i-->=0)
printf("%u ",i);
}
Ans: infinite
584
22. main()
{
while(i++!=0);
printf("%d",i);
}
Ans: 1
23. main()
{
int i=0;
while(+(+i--)!=0)
i-=i++;
printf("%d",i);
}
Ans: -1//ya check while
24. main()
{
float f=5,g=10;
enum{i=10,j=20,k=50};
printf("%d\n",++k);//cannot increment.
printf("%f\n",f<<2);//illegal instruction
printf("%lf\n",f%g);//illegal instruction
printf("%lf\n",fmod(f,g)); //Legal instruction
}
Ans: error
25.. main()
{
int i=5;
printf("%d",++i++);
}
Ans: l value required ++(i++) since (i++)will give an constatnt value and cant
perform ++ on a constant value error
26. main()
{
int i=5;
}
Ans: 1
585
27. void main()
{
static int i;
while(i<=10)
(i>2)?i++:i--;
printf(%d, i);
}
Ans: 32767//ya
28. main()
{
int i=4,j=7;
}
Ans: 4 1
29.
char *someFun1()
{
return temp;
}
char *someFun2()
{
return temp;
}
int main()
{
puts(someFun1());
puts(someFun2());
}
Ans: garbage
SESSION 4
1.
main()
{
int a=10,*j;
void *k;
j=k=&a;
j++;
k++;
586
}
Ans: type of k is unknown hence ERROR
2.
Is this code legal?

int *ptr;
ptr = (int *) 0x400;
Ans: Legal
3.
void main()
{
int i=10, j=2;
int k = *ip/*jp;//ya but *ip/(*jp) is valid since /* is used for
printf(%d,k);
}
comment
Ans : error
4. void main()
{
}
Ans: 2 2 2 2
5. void main()
{
*i = 0;
}
Ans : Legal
6. What is the subtle error in the following code segment?
{
int *p=0;
int i=0;
while(i++<n)
p = &arr[i];
*p = 0;
587
}
Ans: only one stmt executes with in while loop.
main()
{
char * ptr = str;
char least = 127;
while (*ptr++)
printf("%d",least);
}
Ans: 0//gud 1
8. main()
{
int i=300;
char *ptr = &i;
*++ptr=2;
printf("%d",i);
}
Ans:300
*9. main()
{
int i = 258;
int *iPtr = &i;
}
//
Ans: 2 1
*10. main()
{
int i = 257;//
int *iPtr = &i;
}
Ans: 1 1
11. main()
{
588
static int a[3][3]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9};
int i,j;
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
*(*(j+p)+i),*(*(i+p)+j),*(*(p+j)+i));
}
}
Ans : 1 1 1 1
2424
3737
4242
5555
6868
7373
8686
9999
//gud que
12. main()
{
char *p="GOOD";
char a[ ]="GOOD";
printf("\n sizeof(p) = %d, sizeof(*p) = %d, strlen(p) = %d",
}
Ans: 2 1 4
54
13. main()
{
int a=2,*f1,*f2;//a=2,f1=&a,f2=&a//
f1=f2=&a;
*f2+=*f2+=a+=2.5;
}
Ans: 16 16 16
Gud1
14.
1. const char *a;
sizeof(p),
589
2. char* const a;
3. char const *a;
Ans: data constant
Pointer constant
Data constant
15.
main()
{
char *p = ayqm;
char c;
c = ++*p++;
printf(%c,c);
}
Ans:b
16. main()
{
char *p = ayqm;
}
Ans: b
17. What is the output for the following program
main()
{
int arr2D[3][3];
}
Ans: 1
18. Is the following statement a declaration/definition. Find what does it mean?
int (*x)[10];
Ans: pointer to an array of 10 integer data.
19. main()
{
int a[10];
printf("%d",*a+1-*a+3);
}
Ans: 4
Gud1
590
20. void main()
{
void *v;
int integer=2;
int *i=&integer;
v=i;
}
Ans : 2
21. # include <stdio.h>
int one_d[]={1,2,3};
main()
{
int *ptr;
ptr=one_d;
ptr+=3;
printf("%d",*ptr);
}
//if ptr+=2 then 3 will printed
Ans: garbage
22. main()
{
char *p;
int *q;
long *r;
p=q=r=0;
p++;
q++;
r++;
}
Ans : 1 2 4
main()
{
int a[2][2][2] = { {10,2,3,4}, {5,6,7,8} };
int *p,*q;
p=&a[2][2][2];
*q=***a;
}
591
Ans: 10 garbage
24. main()
{
int *j;
{
int i=10;
j=&i;
}
printf("%d",*j);
}
Ans: 10
25. main()
{
char *cptr,c;
void *vptr,v;
c=10; v=0;
cptr=&c; vptr=&v;
printf("%c%v",c,v);
}
Ans: error
26. main()
{
int i, n;
char *x = girl;
n = strlen(x);
*x = x[n];
for(i=0; i<n; ++i)
{
printf(%s\n,x);
x++;
}
}
Ans: irl
rl
l
27. main ( )
{
592
char **ptr[ ] = {s+3, s+2, s+1, s}, ***p;
p = ptr;
**++p;
printf(%s,*--*++p + 3);
}
Ans::ck
28. main( )
{
void *vp;
int j = 20;
vp = &ch;
printf(%c, *(char *)vp);//g
vp = &j;
printf(%d,*(int *)vp);//20
vp = cp;
printf(%s,(char *)vp + 3);//fy
}http://www.orkut.co.in/Main - Home?rl=t
Ans: g 20 fy
29. main( )
{
char *q;
int j;
for (j=0; j<3; j++) scanf(%s ,(q+j));
}
Ans: Error (Null pointer assignment)
30. main( )
{
static int a[ ] = {0,1,2,3,4};
int *p[ ] = {a,a+1,a+2,a+3,a+4};
int **ptr = p;
ptr++;
*ptr++;
*++ptr;
++*ptr;
593
31. main( )
{
int a[ ] = {10,20,30,40,50},j,*p;
for(j=0; j<5; j++)
{
printf(%d ,*a);
a++;
}
p = a;
for(j=0; j<5; j++)
{
printf(%d ,*p);
p++;
}
}
Ans: Error
32. main( )
{
int a[2][3][2] = {{{2,4},{7,8},{3,4}},{{2,2},{2,3},{3,4}}};
}
Ans: let base address be 1000.
1000 1000 1000 2
1012 1004 1002 3
main()
{
int a[2][2][2] = { {10,2,3,4}, {5,6,7,8} };
int *p,*q;
p=&a[2][2][2];
*q=***a;
}
Ans: garbage garbage
34. main()
594
{
int c[ ]={2.8,3.4,4,6.7,5};
int j,*p=c,*q=c;
for(j=0;j<5;j++)
{
printf(" %d ",*c);
++q; }
for(j=0;j<5;j++){
printf(" %d ",*p);
++p; }
}
Ans: 2 2 2 2 2
23465
35. void main()
{
int const * p=5;
}
Ans: error
SESSION 5
1.
# include<stdio.h>
aaa() {
printf("hi");
}
bbb(){
printf("hello");
}
ccc(){
printf("bye");
}
main()
{
int (*ptr[3])();
ptr[0]=aaa;
ptr[1]=bbb;
ptr[2]=ccc;
ptr[2]();
}
Ans: bye.
595
2. In the following pgm add a stmt in the function fun such that the address of
main(){
int * j;
void fun(int **);
fun(&j);
}
void fun(int **k) {
int a =0;
}
Ans: *k=&a;
3.
main(){
char a[100];
a[0]='a';a[1]='b';a[2]='c';a[4]='d';
abc(a);
}
abc(char a[]){
a++;
printf("%c",*a);
a++;
printf("%c",*a);
}
Ans: b c
4.
func(a,b)
int a,b;
{
}
main()
{
}
int (*pf) ();
int val1,val2;
{
596
}
Ans: error
5.

main()
{
int x=3,y=4;
}
Ans: 10
6. int swap(int *a,int *b)
{
*a=*a+*b;*b=*a-*b;*a=*a-*b;
}
main()
{
int x=10,y=20;
swap(&x,&y);
}
Ans: 20 10
8. Explain the statement:

10. Declare an array of N pointers to functions returning pointers to functions returning

pointers to characters?
11. Is there any difference between the two declarations,
int foo(int *arr[]) and
int foo(int *arr[2])
12. char *someFun()
{
597
return temp;
}
int main()
{
puts(someFun());
}
Ans: string constant.
13. main()
{
int i=_l_abc(10);
printf(%d\n,i);
}
int _l_abc(int i)
{
return(i++);
}
Ans: -10
14. main()
{
char a[100];
a[0]=a';
a[1]]=b';a[2]=c';a[4]=d'; abc(a);
}
abc(char a[])
{
a++;
printf(%c,*a);
a++;
printf(%c,*a);
}
15. void main()
{
static int i=5;
if(i)
{
main();
printf(%d ,i);
}
598
}
Ans:Infinite Loop No Output
SESSION 6
1. what will be the position of the file marker?
Ans: 0 offset
2.

;
Ans : while((fgets(receiving array,50,file_ptr))!=NULL).
main()
{
FILE *ptr;
char i;
printf("%c",i);
}
Ans: linker error.fgetch() no such built in function.
4. void main()
{
int *mptr, *cptr;
printf(%d,*mptr);
cptr = (int*)calloc(sizeof(int),1);
printf(%d,*cptr);
}
Ans: garbage 0
5. The value of EOF is -1.
6. Using pointers to call a function is called as function pointer
7. The variable that contains address of another variable is called as
Pointer
599
8. How many values can be returned by a C++ function?

Ans: one
9. Which of the following is mandatory for all C++ program?
a) main()
b) scanf()
c) system()
d) all the above
Ans : main()
10. The variables that can be used only within the function in which it is declared is
called as Local variable.
SESSION 7
main()
{
struct xx
{
int x=3;
};
struct xx *s;
printf("%d",s->x);
}
Ans: error//declare a data type of structure then add sud be given to struct pointer
*2. #include<stdio.h>
main()
{
struct xx
{
int x;
struct yy
{
char s;
struct xx *p;
600
};
struct yy *q;
};
}
Ans: Error
3.

main()
{
return(1);
}
Ans: 0 1 2
6.
struct aaa{
struct aaa *prev;
int i;
struct aaa *next;
};
main()
{
int x=100;
abc.next=&def;
def.i=1;def.prev=&abc;
def.next=&ghi;
ghi.next=&jkl;
printf("%d",x);
}
Ans : 2
601
*7.
struct point
{
int x;
int y;
};
main()
{
pp=&origin;
}
Ans: 0 0
00
8. What is the output for the program given below
main()
{
error g1;
g1=1;
printf("%d",g1);
}
Ans: Error (multiple declaration of error).
9.

main()
{
error g1;
g1.error =1;
}
Ans : error
10. main()
{
struct student
{
char name[30];
struct date dob;
}stud;
struct date
{
int day,month,year;
602
};
scanf("%s%d%d%d", stud.rollno,
&student.dob.month,
&student.dob.year);
&student.dob.day,
}
Ans: error
11. main()
{
struct date;
struct student
{
char name[30];
struct date dob;
}stud;
struct date
{
int day,month,year;
};
&student.dob.year);
}
Ans: error
12.
void main()
{
struct student
{
}stud;
while(!feof(fp))
{
puts(stud.name);
}
}
Ans: last record will get printed twice when feof is used.
13.
603
struct a
{
int x;
struct a b;
}
Ans : no
14.

struct a
{
int x;
struct a *b;
}
Ans: no//
15.

typedef struct a
{
int x;
aType *b;
}aType
Ans: syntax error.

16.
struct a
{
int x;
aType *b;
};
Ans: yes
17.

void main()
{
aType someVariable;
struct a
{
int x;
aType *b;
};
604
}
Ans: no
18.
19. main()
{
float f=5,g=10;
enum{i=10,j=20,k=50};
printf(%d\n,++k);
printf(%f\n,f<<2);
printf(%lf\n,f%g);
printf(%lf\n,fmod(f,g));
}
Ans:error.
1)
struct value
{
int bit1:1;
int bit3:4;
int bit4:4;
}bit={1,2,2};
printf("\n %d %d %d",bit.bit1,bit.bit3,bit.bit4);
ans::-1,2,2
2)
enum value{VAL1=0,VAL2,VAL3,VAL4,VAL5}var;
printf("%d",sizeof(var));
ans::2
3)
enum days{MON=-1,TUE,WED=55,THU,FRI,SAT};
printf("%d %d %d %d %d %d",MON,TUE,WED,THU,FRI,SAT);
ans::-1,0,55,56,57,58
4)
void main()
{
union var
{
int a,b;
605
};
union var v;
v.a=80;
v.b=100;
printf("%d",v.a);
}
ans::100
5)
void main()
{
struct node
{
int data;
struct node *link;
};
struct node *p,*q;
p=(struct node *)malloc(sizeof(struct node));
q=(struct node *)malloc(sizeof(struct node));
printf("%d %d",sizeof(p),sizeof(q));
}
ans::2,2
6)
struct byte
{
int one:1;
};
struct byte var={1};
printf("%d",var.one);
ans::-1
7)
enum status{pass,fail,atkt};
enum status stud1,stud2,stud3;
stud1=pass;
stud2=atkt;
stud3=fail;
printf("\n %d %d %d",stud1,stud2,stud3);
ans::0 1 2
8)
int i=4,j=8;
606
printf("%d %d %d ",i|j&j|i,i|j&&j|i,i^j);
9)
union x
{
int i;
char ch[2];
};
union x u;
u.ch[0]=3;
u.ch[1]=2;
printf("%d %d %d ",u.ch[0],u.ch[1],u.i);
10)
struct course
{
int courseno;
char coursename[25];
};
void main()
{
struct course c[]={
{102,"Thermal"},{103,"Manufacturing"},{104,"Design"}
};
printf("%d",c[1].courseno);
printf("%s",(*(c+2)).coursename);
}
ans::103 Design
11)
{
void main()
union test
{
int i;
float f;
char c;
};
union test *t;
t=(union test *)malloc(sizeof(union test));
t->i=10;
607
printf("%d\n",t->c);
t->f=10.10f;
printf("%f\n",t->f);
t->c='a';
printf("%c\n",t->i);
}
12)
{
void main()
struct address
{
char phone[15];
char city[25];
int pin;
};
struct emp
{
char name[25];
struct address a;
};
struct emp e={"jeru","2344","kerala",55};
printf("\n name=%s phone=%s",e.name,e.a.phone);
printf("\n city=%s pin=%d",e.a.city,e.a.pin);
}
ans:: name=jeru phone=2344 city=kerala pin=55
13)
{
struct book
char name[25];
char author[25];
int no;
};
void display(struct book *);
void main()
{
struct book b1={"Let us C","YPK",101};
display(&b1);
}
void display(struct book *b)
{
printf("\n %s %s %d",b->name,b->author,b->no);
608
}
ans:: Let us C,YPK,101
14)
{
void main()
struct sample
{
int num;
char m1[50];
char m2[50];
}m;
m.num=1;
strcpy(m.m1,"i love India");
strcpy(m.m2,"We are Indians");
printf("\n %u %u %u",&m.num,m.m1,m.m2);
}
ans::garbage value will be printed
16)
{
void main()
struct sample
{
int a:3;
int b:2;
unsigned int c:3;
};
struct sample s;
s.a=-2;
s.b=1;
s.c=3;
printf("\nThe value of a is %d",s.a);
printf("\nThe value of b is %d",s.b);
printf("\nThe value of c is %d",s.c);
s.a=2;
s.b=0;
s.c=5;
printf("\nThe value of a is %d",s.a);
printf("\nThe value of b is %d",s.b);
printf("\nThe value of c is %d",s.c);
printf("\n Total size of the structure sample is %d",sizeof(s));
609
}
17)
struct sample
{
char name[10];
int no;
};
void main()
{
struct sample s;
void passrecord(struct sample);
printf("\n Enter the name:");
scanf("%s",s.name);
printf("\n Enter the Roll Number:");
scanf("%d",s.no);
passrecord(s);
printf("\n values after the function:\n");
printf("\n Name
:
%s",s.name);
printf("\n No
:
%d",s.no);
}
void passrecord(struct sample x)
{
x.no=x.no+10;
printf("\n Inside the function:\n");
printf("\n Name
:
%s",x.name);
printf("\n No
:
%s",x.no);
18) Point out if there is any error in the program

void main()
{
struct employee
{
char name[25];
int age;
float bs;
610
};
struct employee e;
strcpy(e.name,"Hacker");
age=25;
printf("\n %s %d",e.name,e.age);
}
ans::error
1.
can we have more than one data members in a doubly linked
list structure
a)
b)
yes
no
3.
Arrange the code below, to delete a node being pointer
by temp.
a)
free(temp)
b)
temp->prev->next=temp->next
c)
temp->next->prev=temp->prev;
a) b c a
b) c b a
c) a b c
d) both a and b
4.
struct list
{
int data;
struct list* left,
struct list* right;
};
what are the steps required to insert a new node n at a
point pointed by ptr?
note: ptr is not the last node.
1.
2.
3.
4.
n->left = ptr->left
n->left->right = n
ptr->left = n
n->right = ptr
611
a)1 2 3 4
.
5.
b) 4 3 2 1
c) 4 2 1 3
d) 3 1 2 4
where does the pointer temp pointing after the
code execution, where head is startning node in D.L.L of nine nodes,.

for( i=1; head!=NULL;head=head ->next, i++)
{
If(i==1)
temp=head;
else if (i%2==1)
temp= temp->next;
}
a)
middle node
b)
last but one node
c)
cannot make out
d)
second node
6. What does function do, if temp is pointing to a node in DLL and
temp1 is a newnode?
temp1 -> prev = temp
temp1 -> next =temp ->next
temp -> next->prev = temp1
temp -> next = temp1
a)
inserts node before temp;
b)
inserts after temp
c)
deletes node pointed by temp;
d)
none of the above
7. What does below code do, if temp is pointing to a
node other
than first and last node
free(temp);
a)
b)
c)
d)
no effect
inserts a node
deletes a node
8. What does the code below do, where head is starting node &
temp is temporary pointer
612
temp=head;
head= head -> next;
head -> prev = null;
free(temp);
a)
b)
c)
d)
no effect
NULL data is stored
Starting node is deleted
First and second node are shuffled
9. what does the code below do, where head is pointing to first
node & temp is a temporary pointer. 10 be the number of nodes
temp = head;
{
Temp = temp ->next;
}
free(temp);
a)
no effect
b)
deletes some node
c)
d)
deletes last node
10. what does the code do, if there are 100 nodes
temp=head;
while ( temp -> next -> next -> next != NULL)
{
Temp = temp -> next;
}
free ( temp );
a)
b)
c)
d)
deletes 3rd last node

no effect
3rd node is deleted
Middle node is deleted
1.main()
{
printf("%c\n", '1' + 1);
}
613
a)ASCII value of '1' is required to find out the answer

b)2
c)50
d)Syntax Error
ans::b
2. main()
{
char y[10] = "abcdefghi";
char *p = y;
p = p + 9;
printf("%c\n",*p);
}
a)i
b)Program will have runtime error
c)Unpredictable
d)No visible output
ans::d
3. main()
{
int y[2][2] = { {1,2}, {3,4} };
int *p = &y[1];
p = p + 1;
printf("%d\n",*p);
}
a)4
b)3
c)The program doesn't compile
d)Output is unpredicatable
ans::a
4. int y = 10;
main()
{
614
int x = 10;
int y = 20;
x = x + y;
if (x >= 30)
{
int y = 30;
x = x + y;
}
else
{
int y = 40;
x = x + y;
}
printf("%d\n", x);
}
a)40
b)50
c)60
d)70
ans::b
5. main()
{
unsigned int i = 5;
while (--i >= 0)
{
printf("Hello World\n");
}
}
a)5
b)6
c)Infinite
d)Program will not compile
ans::c
6. struct emp
{
int age;
char name[10];
615
struct emp e;
};
void main()
{
printf(%d.sizeof(struct emp));
}
a)24
b) No Output
c) Compiler Error
d) None Of the above
ans::c
7. what is the outpur of the following prog.
void main()
{
insert(root,2);
insert(root,1);
insert(root,3);
insert(root,4);
insert(root,5);
preorder(root);
}
assume insert function inserts a node at its correct position in the tree. root
is the root of the tree and preorder function prints the nodes as in preorder traversal.
a)1 2 3 4 5
b) 1 2 5 4 3
c) 1 3 4 5 2
d) 2 1 3 4 5
8.
void main()
{
int x;
push(top,10);
push(top,20);
push(top,5);
push(top,40);
push(top,1);
push(top,25);
x=pop(top);
printf(%d, x);
616
}
consider push function pushes onto the stack the given value. and pop operation
performs pop and returns the poped value.
(a) 10 (b) 5 (c) 1 (d) 25
9. if the preorder traversal of a BST tree is 100 50 25 75 200 150 300 then the root of the
tree is :
( a) 300 (b) 75 (c) 100 (d) 25
10. The operation for adding an entry to a stack is traditionally called:
a.add b.append
c.insert
d.push
11. If the characters 'D', 'C', 'B', 'A' are placed in a queue (in that order), and then
removed one at a time, in what order will they be removed?
a.ABCD
b.ABDC
c.DCAB
d.DCBA
14
/ \
2
11
/\ /\
1 3 10 30
/ /
7 40
\
50
12. There is a tree in the box at the top of this section. How many leaves does it have?
A. 5
B. 6
C. 4
D. 9
13. There is a tree in the box at the top of this section. How many of the nodes have at
least one sibling?
E. 5
F. 6
G. 7
617
H. 8
I. 9
14.There is a tree in the box at the top of this section. What is the value stored in the
parent node of the node containing 30?
J. 10
K. 11
L. 14
M. 40
N. None of the above
15.There is a tree in the box at the top of this section. How many descendants does
the root have?
O. 0
P. 2
Q. 9
R. 8
16.There is a tree in the box at the top of this section. What is the depth of the tree?
S. 2
T. 3
U. 4
V. 8
W. 9
17.There is a tree in the box at the top of this section. How many children does the
root have?
X. 2
Y. 4
Z. 6
18. What is the value of the postfix expression 6 3 2 4 + - *:
a. Something between -15 and -100
b. Something between -5 and -15
c. Something between 5 and -5
d. Something between 5 and 15
e. Something between 15 and 100
618
19. Suppose cursor points to a node in a linked list (using the node definition with
member functions called data and link). What statement changes cursor so that it points
to the next node?
a. cursor++;
b. cursor = link;
c. cursor += link;
d. cursor = cursor->link;
20. Consider the following queue which can be allocated eight
integers and five operations.front = 1 rear= 3
Queue = -,2 , 4 ,5, - , - , -,(for notational convenience used to denote an empty cell)
The following operations have to be performed.
(i) 6 is added to the queue.
(ii) Two elements are deleted from the queue.
(iii) 10 and 12 are added to the queue.
(iv) Two elements are deleted from the queue.
(v) 2 and 3 are added to the queue.
What are the final front and rear values when the above operations are performed into a
circular queue?
(a) front = 7 rear=2
(b) front = 2 rear=0
(c) front = 5 rear=8
(d) front = 5 rear=0
21. Consider the following statements:
(i) The queue can be implemented by a linked list.
(ii) The queue can be implemented only by stack.
(iii) There are references kept at both the front and the back of the list.
(iv) The Queue can be implemented only by an array-based method.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are valid for the queues?
(a) (i) only
(b) (i),(ii) and (iii) only
(c) (i) and (iii) only
(d) (i),(iii) and (iv) only
(e) (ii) and (iv) only
22. main(){
619
int i,b[]={1,2,3,4,5},*p;
p=b;
++*p;
Printf(%d,*p);
P+=2;
Printf(%d,*p);
}
A. 2 3
B. 2 4
C. 3 4
D. 2 5
Ans::2 3
23. void main()
{
int a=1,b=2,c=3,d=4,e;
e=(a,a)+(b,c)+(c,d)-(d,b);
printf("%d",e);
}
(b)10
(c)6
(d)2
Ans::6
24. struct aaa{
struct aaa *prev;
int i;
struct aaa *next;
};
main()
{
int x=100;
abc.next=&def;
ghi.next=&jkl;
printf("%d",x);
}
25. What would be the output if we enter the following data set (in the respective order)
620
25, 72, 16, 11, 88, 26, 9, 36, 21, 45, 14, 69
(a)
25
1
6
7
2
1
1
3
6
2
1
1
4
8
8
2
6
4
5
6
9
25
(b)
1
6
7
2
1
1
2
1
2
6
8
8
1
4
3
6
4
5
6
9
25
(c)
1
6
7
2
1
1
2
1
1
4
2
6
8
8
3
6
6
9
45
621
(d)
21
1
6
2
5
1
1
7
2
1
4
8
8
3
6
2
6
4
5
6
9
2) which of the following data structure is used in hierarchical data modeling

a) stacks
b) queues
c) trees
d) structure
ans: trees
3) a binary tree with 20 nodes have _____ null branches
a) 20
b) 22
c) 21
d) 40
Ans: 21
4) in tree construction which of the following is suitable efficient data structure
a) array
c) stack
d) queue
e) none
ans: doubly linked list
5) find output of the following code.
#define min(a,b) (a<b?a:b)
main()
{
int a;
622
a=min(3+4,4+4);
printf(%d\n,a);
}
a)
b)
c)
d)
7
8
Compile time error
Garbage.
Ans::a
6) main()
{
float f=2;
switch(f)
{
default: puts(hi);
break;
case 2.0 : puts(helloo);
}
}
a)
b)
c)
d)
compile time error

hi
helloo
No output
Ans::a
2. which finite set of elements that is either empty or is portioned into 3 disjoint
subset.
a. single linked list
b. double linked list
c. stack
d. binary tree
Answer: D
3. what type of Binary Tree is the following tree below
623
a.
b.
c.
d.

almost complete binary tree
not a binary tree
Answer: D
4. Which is the preorder of a Binary tree represented below
A
a. ABDHIECFJKG
b. IHDEBKJFGCA
624
c. IHDBEAKJFCG
d. ABCDEFKJGHI
Answer: A
5. If suppose root to be deleted then which node will be the root node
A
a.
b.
c.
d.
B
G
Any node
Answer B
6. conver this expression in prefix form
(A+B * C/D * E /G H + I) ^ ( J /K * L)
a.
b.
c.
d.
^-+//*BC*DEGA+HI/J*KL
^+-//*BC*DEGA+HI*J/KL
^-+/*/BC*DEGA+HI*J/KL
^-+/*/BC*DEGA+HI*J/KL
Answer: A
7. postfix form of the following expression is
A*B*C*D*E*F/G+H-I^J
a. -/*****ABCDEFGH+^IJ
b. AB*C*D*E*F*G/H+IJ^-
625
c. BA*D*C*F*GH/+IJ^d. AB*CB*D*E*F/GH*IJ^
8. which is formula to find the total no. of node in complete B.T
a. tn=2d+1 1 where depth(d) !=level
b. tn ==2d+1 1 where depth != level(L)
c. tn = 2L+1
d. 2n-1
Answer: A
9. what type of B.T is the following tree
A
H
F
a.
b.
c.
d.
strictly B.T
completely B.T
stricktly complete B.T
almost complete B.T
Answer: A
10. Considering the following code in which root is the root node in binary tree and
temp and temp1 are pointers and key has only 1 leaf node left
temp=root;
While(tempvalue!=key)
{
temp1=temp;
If(tempvalue<key)
626
{
temp=tempright;
}
else if(tempvalue>key)
temp=templeft;
}
if(temp1value < key)
temp1right=templeft;
else if(temp1value>key)
temp1left=templeft;
free(temp);
what is the output after execution of this code?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Deletes the key value node & make leaf node connected to its parent
Deletes the leaf node of key node
Deletes the key node
None of the above
Answer: A
627

C Interview Qeustions

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1

To print a single character in ouptut,which function is used?

Predict the output

which one is used to get a multiword string?

void disp(int a,int b)

which can be replaced by a switch block?

which of these is not a operator in c?

what is the use of precedence in C programs for operators?

In Unsigned char,signed value is represented by 1 in most significant bit.

int a[3][4]={1,2,3,4, 5};

which one is used to check the given string is palindrome or not

#define HELLO hai

If p=(int *) malloc(sizeof(int)*10),then which one is true?

To make a pointer 'cursor'as a tail node,which line is correct

Single linked list has a lnk to the next address

int a[3][4]={1,2,3,4, 5,6,7,8 ,9,0};

The argc,argv are initialised in

1)Consider the following structure

2) Consider the following structure

which can be replaced by a switch block?

which of these is not a operator in c?

The prefix expression is ab+c*d/e-.If the values of a,b,c,d,e are 5,2,3,3,1

What is the order in which the preorder is evaluated?

which operations are more effective in linked list than arrays?

what is the output of the following program?

what is the use of precedence in C programs for operators?

In Unsigned char,signed value is represented by 1 in most significant bit.

which one is used to check the given string is palindrome or not

#define HELLO hai

The formal arguments has a default value zero

if rear=-1,front=-1 then what will be my queue?

If p=(int *) malloc(sizeof(int)*10),then which one is true?

If p=(int *) calloc(sizeof(int)*10),then which one is true?

32) Predict the output

Which of the following is considered as tokens in C?

which is having the more precendence

To make a pointer 'cursor'as a tail node,which line is correct

Single linked list has a lnk to the next address

The argc,argv are initialised in

int foo(int a,float b)

which can be replaced by a switch block?

which of these is not a operator in c?

which of these is not a valid character constant

The prefix expression is ab+c*d/e-.If the values of a,b,c,d,e are 5,2,3,3,1

What is the order in which the preorder is evaluated?

which operations are more effective in linked list than arrays?

what is the output of the following program?

what is the use of precedence in C programs for operators?

In Unsigned char,signed value is represented by 1 in most significant bit.

which one is used to check the given string is palindrome or not

#define HELLO hai

The formal arguments has a default value zero

if rear=-1,front=-1 then what will be my queue?

If p=(int *) malloc(sizeof(int)*10),then which one is true?

If p=(int *) calloc(sizeof(int)*10),then which one is true?

32) Predict the output

Which of the following is considered as tokens in C?

which is having the more precendence

To make a pointer 'cursor'as a tail node,which line is correct

Single linked list has a lnk to the next address

The argc,argv are initialised in

int foo(int a,float b)

If p=(int ) malloc(sizeof(int)10),then which one is true?

If p=(int ) malloc(sizeof(int)10),then which one is true?

If p=(int ) calloc(sizeof(int)10),then which one is true?

If p=(int ) malloc(sizeof(int)10),then which one is true?

If p=(int ) calloc(sizeof(int)10),then which one is true?

21. int swap(int a,int b)

void fun(int ,int );