human

subjectivity / human consciousness

creativity
conscious subject is a ultimate construct of history and culture
impersonal factor is the ultimate
history is governed by some impersonal factors
; non-subject
constitution
subjectivity
determinism / fatalism humanism
humanistic eg creativity
free subject vital activity specious being

dynamic
non-subject impersonal
(static unchanged ) self-regulating
unchanged constitution
? 19

; ;
bio-chemical reaction ;
chemical reaction ; chemical reaction
;
reductionist individual element
structuralist

reduce factor

; syntax
word Syntax Form() Subject + verb + object
syntax deep structure syntax
surface structure deep structure
;
variation deep structure
invariant; reductionism structuralism Totality
irreducible

manifestation of cultural aspect bass soprano expression of

structure musical structure level of sub-structure ; level

soprano different level of structure
dominating level level
soprano
structural relation structure section
chord soprano tenor alto bass musical syntax
notes key In Totality
structures objective
relation determinates manifestation structure different level of structure
level may take a more important role deep
structure structuralist history history
self-regulation deep structure
different sentences Subject+verb+object structure
structuralist deep structure
Dastellung (presentation manifestation) structure
structuralist final reductionist
structure ending no more reduction
structuralist
level Totality structuralism

historical materialism
20 deterministic
humanistic Marxist determinism non-humanist
determine humanistic consideration ? ?
? ? Atlusser structuralism non-subject
constitution element structural consideration
theory human consciousness ideology individual freedom

structuralist totality economic-structure and super-structure

complex Historical Materialism For Marx : Marx has at least
given us the two ends of the chain and has told us to find out what goes on between them: on
the one hand the determination in the last instance by the (economic) mode of production;
But on the other the relative autonomy of the superstructures
and their specific effectivity Althusser
over-determination Economic contradiction( ) is inseparable from the total
structure of the social body in which it is found social
whole In which it is inseparable from its formal conditions of
existence(syntax) level of structure level of structure and even

from the instances it governs; it is radically affected by them determining but also determined
in one and the same movement and determined by various levels and instances of social
formation it animates It might be called over-determined in its principal
social factors at different level (soprano) take a major role and
most important role structure Althusser
Totality combination and utility of social whole (fur bildung) Totality
prospective secondly this social whole is organised in level of relative and
irreducible independence level
structure level No single eternal principal expression of the whole of
the relationship between the different level expression o f society Among
the level some will play major role and others minor role The dominance in the last stand is the
relationship production Mode of production
structural invariance concrete variation economic cause in history
;
;
;
take a major role

deep structure
social level factors structural relationship syntactical relationship
structural analysis synchronic analysis
level structural causality of social
mode of existence and development presentation Darstellung
expression structural causality
synchronic structural analysis Althusser

Althusser Ideology the relative autonomy of

superstructure Althusser
three levels of structure : Economy politics ideology structure level
level
evolution economic
praxis ;


aply phenomena Althusser

Praxis praxis;
praxis Althusser theoretical practice

 Ideology : ideology; ideology

ideology?
world-view value systembelief :
which dominate the mind of a man or a social group
And those with historical existence and role within a given society ideology
. Ideology ,
, ,
unconsciously .
social context , consciously ,
unconsciously representation of social structure.
, .
value system. Ideology is profoundly unconscious
conscious, , even it presented self in a reflected form,
, unconscious. ideology is
indeed a system of representation, a system of thought and decision,
but in the majority of cases, this representations have nothing to do with consciousness. They
are usually images an occasion concept but it is about all as structures that they imposed on the vast
majority of man, not through their consciousness. ideology , ,
deep structure. deep structure
. So ideology is as such an organic part of every social totality. Althusser,
ideology , , ideology! ,
, ideology , ideology.
ideology. , ideology. It is as man in human
society could not survive without this specific formation. This system of representation at various level.
it is a structure essential to the historical life of society. ideology,
, Marx. Althusser
, Marxsuperstructure, AlthusserMarx
, . deterministic sense historical materialism
deterministic sense. nave, Althusser
. ,
. Even a communist society could ever do without ideology,
, , ideology, ideology
, . , .