ALCOHOL SENSOR DETECTION FOR DRIVERS IN

VEHICLES
Description:
The main purpose behind this project is Drunk driving detection. Now a
days, many accidents are happening because of the alcohol consumption of
the driver or the person who is driving the vehicle. Thus Drunk driving is a
major reason of accidents in almost all countries all over the world. Alcohol
Detector in Car project is designed for the safety of the people seating inside
the car. This project should be fitted / installed inside the vehicle.

BLOCK DIAGRAM





















ALCHOLAL
SENSOR
89S52
COMP
GEAR
MOTOR
MOTOR
DRIVER
LCD
DISPLAY
POWER
SUPPLY
BUZZER
A LIVE HUMAN DETECTING ROBOT USED FOR NATURAL
DISASTERS
ABSTRACT:
Natural calamities do occur and they are unstoppable. But humans are
becoming increasingly aware in the concept of intelligent rescue operations
in such calamities so that precious life and material can be saved though
calamities cannot be stopped. Still there are lots of disasters that occur all of
a sudden and Earthquake is one such thing. Earthquakes produce a
devastating effect and they see no difference between human and material.
Hence a lot of times humans are buried among the debris and it become
impossible to detect them. A timely rescue can only save the people who are
buried and wounded.
Detection by rescue workers becomes time consuming and due to the vast
area that gets affected it becomes more difficult. So the project proposes an
autonomous robotic vehicle that moves in the earthquake prone area and
helps in identifying a live people and rescue operation.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:









PIR
SENSOR
COMP
89S52
MOTOR
DRIVER
GEAER
MOTOR
IR SENSOR
1

IR SENSOR
2
POWER
SUPPLY
BUZZER
ANTI THEFT ALERT AND AUTO ARRESTING SYSTEM FOR MUSEUMS AND
JEWELRY SHOPS
ABSTRACT:
The main aim of the project is to design a system for alerting for any theft
and to auto arrest the theft in museums and jewelry shops. The purpose of the
system is to design a system for alerting for any theft and to auto arrest the theft in
museums and jewelry shops. It is very necessary to identify the theft.
BLOCK DIAGRAM:
MUSEUM SECTION:






MICRO
CONTROLLER
(AT89S52)
POWER
SUPPLY
PIR
SENSOR
DOOR
CONTROL
SYSTEM
SWITCH
RF TX
ENCODER
RF RECEVER SECTION:






AUTO WIPER CONTROL FOR CARS DURING RAIN
ABSTRACT:
Over the past two decades, the automotive industry has aggressively researched
ways to exploit modern computing and electronic advances in the development of
safety, reliability, and entertainment technologies for vehicles. With drivers
exposed to an ever increasing number of distractions, automatic rain-sensing wiper
systems become an even more appealing feature, as they work to minimize the
time the driver must take his/her hands off the wheel. Most traditional systems
offer intermittent as well as variable speed operation.
The traditional wiper system however requires driver constant attention in
adjusting the wiper speed .Traditional windshield wiper speed constantly varies
according to time and vehicles speed. Because the manual adjustment of the wiper
distracts driver's attention, which may be a direct cause accidents. This
is review paper for automatic wiper in various method and also explain the basic
skeleton for adjust speed of wiper automatically cording to the amount of water on
the windshield and in addition with also in advance removal of moisture inside the

MICRO
CONTROLLER
(AT89S52)

POWER
SUPPLY
LCD DISPLAY
BUZZER
DECODER
RF RX
car while raining. The system activates the wiper to operate in full automatic mode
and detect moister using CAN technology.
BLOCK DIAGRAM:












ADVANCED PREPAID ENERGY METERING SYSTEM USING GSM
Abstract:
The present system of energy billing in India is error prone and also time and
labour consuming. Errors get introduced at every stage of energy billing like errors
with electro-mechanical meters, human errors while noting down the meter reading
and error while processing the paid bills and the due bills. There are many cases
where the bill is paid and then is shown as a due amount in the next bill. There is
no proper way to know the consumer's maximum demand, usage details, losses in
the lines, and power theft. The remedy for this drawback is overcome by APEMS
(Advanced Prepaid Energy Metering System).
The GSM module provides a mode of communication between the user/meter and
the EB Station. This will enable the user to recharge his/her electricity account
from home. This will also enable the user to carry his/her electricity account with
him, eliminating the need to set up a new account every time the user changes
RAIN
DETECTOR
COMP
89S52
POWER
SUPPLY
MOTOR
DRIVER
GEAR
MOTOR
homes. The GSM module will also get real time electricity rates and enable the
utility to keep a check on electricity theft. This can also be applied in
institutions/companies for creating awareness for saving energy among employees.


INTELLIGENT AUTOMATIC PLANT IRRIGATION SYSTEM WITH
WATER PUMP CONTROL
The main aim of intelligent automatic plant Irrigation system with water pump
control project is to save the water, no manpower required, and save time. A
person who have a garden/plants, he is going to attend a function or away from the
home, what it happens to the garden. By using this project we can avoid this
problem. This project gives water regularly & automatically to the plants/gardens
how much water it requires. This project is also very useful in Agricultural fields,
Lawns & Parks.

As technology is growing there is always chance to reduce risk and make work
done using electronic applications. Embedded and micro controller systems
provide solutions for many problems. In this application controlling water system
for garden is main motto. When we are in vacation we used to depend on others for
watering our garden.
This application will solve this problem by using a sensor micro controller system.
Sensors are placed in side soil which will continuously monitor the condition of the
soil and if water level is reduced it will send information to micro controller which
will set the sprinkler to on and after reaching to a threshold it will set motor to off.
AUTOMATED LINE FOLLOWING ROBOT
Line-following robots with pick-and-placement capabilities are commonly used in
manufacturing plants. These move on a specified path to pick the components from
specified locations and place them on desired locations.
Basically, a line-following robot is a self-operating robot that detects and follows a line
drawn on the floor. The path to be taken is indicated by a white line on a black surface. The
control system used must sense the line and manoeuvre the robot to stay on course
while constantly correcting the wrong moves using feedback mechanism, thus forming a
simple yet effective closed-loop system.
UNMANNED RAIL GATE CONTROL USING IR MODULES

ABSTRACT
Aim of this project is control the unmanned rail gate automatically using
embedded platform. Today often we see news papers very often about the railway
accidents happening at un- attended railway gates. Present project is
designed to avoid such accidents if implemented in spirit. This project utilizes
two powerful IR transmitter and two receivers, one pair of transmitter and
receiver is fixed at upside (from the train comes) at a level higher than
human being in exact alignment and similarly other pair is fixed at down side of
the train direction sensor activation time is so adjusted by calculating the time
taken at a certain speed to cross at least one compartment of standard
minimum size of the Indian railway, normally 5 seconds. The sensors are fixed
at 1000 meters on both sides of the gate, we call fore side sensor pair for common
towards gate train, and aft side sensors for the
train just Crosses the gate. When train cross the fore side sensor it gives signal to th
e gatereceiver to close the gate. The buzzer is activated to clear the gate area for
drivers about 5seconds. Gate motor is turned on in one direction and gate is closed,
and stay closed till train crosses the gate and reaches aft side sensors when
aft side receiver get activated motor turns in opposite direction and gate opens
and motor stops .If there is any problem in the gate means it will operate red signal
on both side fro the driver indication. Train arrival and departure sensing can be
achieved by means of Relay techniques. When the wheels of the train moves
over, both tracks are shorted to ground and this acts as a signal to
microcontroller (89C51) indicating train arrival. RED signal appears for
the road user, once the train cuts the relay sensor placed before the
5Kms before the gate .A buzzer is made on as a pre cautionary measure for the
road users
AUTOMATIC VEHICLE STARTER SYSTEM BASED ALCOHOL
BREATH ANALYZER SENSING
ABSTRACT
A breath alcohol detection system that prevents operation of a vehicle when an operator's breath alcohol
concentration is above a predetermined threshold limit or when the operator's identity is not verified. The
device incorporates a breath alcohol detection device that employs an electrochemical fuel cell and an
optical skin sensor that positively identifies the operator. The skin sensor is designed to sense skin on the
operator's face or in the operator's mouth. Before a vehicle's starter is enabled, the operator must pass a
breath alcohol test and the operator must be positively identified. If the breath alcohol test results indicate
a breath alcohol concentration above a predetermined threshold, or the operator is not positively
identified, the starter is disabled, thus preventing the vehicle from being operated.
BOMB HANDLING ROBOT
Abstract
The paper presents an overview of commercial Ex-plosive Ordnance Disposal
(EOD) robots and a new system, specially conceived and designed for airplane
security tasks..
A robotic system composed by a mobile platform equipped with a serial
redundant dexterous arm and a suitable sensorial system is proposed. The paper
shows the mechatronic mock up of the robotic unit, its design, main characteristics
and the first results achieved in the virtual environment reconstructing the
airplane work-space.

BORDER SECURITY SYSTEM USING RF
ABSTRACT-
Surveillance is a key factor to ensure safety in various fields , here motivity of
fishing boats in ocean/sea are monitored for illegal intrusion in other nations
boundary. Hence an effective scheme is designed to overcome this threat with RF
which provides dynamic location of fishing vessel in water and microcontroller
which competes on RF and predefined boundary locations to determine whether
the boat have crossed the border or not. If so the fisherman is alerted and the
message is transmitted to nearby coast guard ships through RF signals at VHF (30-
300MHz) range which covers wide area. On adumbrated the patrolling units can
alert the fisherman from their position or if necessary the entire movement of the
fishing vessel could be controlled remotely for trespassing. This measures fixes the
cross boundary fishing problems between nations as the fishermans are unaware
about their position in water.
BREATHE ALCOHOL TESTER CONTROLLING A CAR
IGNITION SYSTEM

ABSTRACT
A breath alcohol detection system that prevents operation of a vehicle when an
operator's breath alcohol concentration is above a predetermined threshold limit or
when the operator's identity is not verified. The device incorporates a breath
alcohol detection device that employs an electrochemical fuel cell and an optical
skin sensor that positively identifies the operator. The skin sensor is designed to
sense skin on the operator's face or in the operator's mouth. Before a vehicle's
starter is enabled, the operator must pass a breath alcohol test and the operator
must be positively identified. If the breath alcohol test results indicate a breath
alcohol concentration above a predetermined threshold, or the operator is not
positively identified, the starter is disabled, thus preventing the vehicle from being
operated.
CAR MONITORING USING BLUETOOTH SECURITY SYSTEM

Abstract:
Most of security system nowadays become a need for vehicles and available with many
modern features. Theft tends to steal the car while the owners are away. Many security systems
available in market are not really stable and smart enough to deal with the intruders. As for many
security system, loss from robbery and if the criminal got away, it invites unconfident of security
reputation. Furthermore, it is crucial to has advanced alarm system which could not only secure
the vehicles, but also increase the chance to capture the criminal.


89C51 Microcontroller based Pick n Place Robot
ABSTRACT:
This is the same mechanical structure used in previous project but now it is
interfaced with micro-controller 89C51. All the motions of robot will be controlled
by 89C51. Full 360 degree rotation in horizontal plane and 90 degree movement in
vertical plane is achieved.
Once all the parameters are set operation is fully automatic. Means set the angle of
rotation and angle of inclination to pick up an object and object will be
automatically picked up. Now again repeat the procedure to place an object
somewhere else.
The project is divided in to two parts (1) Mechanical Part (2) Electronic Part
There are two main components in circuit micro controller 89C51 and
current driver chip UNL2003A. 89C51 is the heart of circuit which perform all the
required tasks like
Accepts input from user through keypad (S1-S8)
Generates indication on LED panel (LED1 - LED8) of every action being
performed
Generates suitable signals to energize / DE energize all relays (RL1-RL6)
to run different motors
CONTROL OF HEAVY ELECTRICAL LOADS USING DTMF
SIGNALS
Abstract
For over two decades the need for an improved method for transferring dialing information for
control purpose through the telephone network was recognized. The traditional method of Dial
Pulse signaling was not only slow and susceptible to distortion over long wire loops but also
requires a direct current (DC) path through the communication channel. Furthermore, this paper
used the Dual Tone Multi-Frequency (DTMF) function of the phone, and builds a
microcontroller based circuit for appliances control to demonstrate wireless data communication.
Practical result obtained showed an appreciable degree of accuracy, repeatability of the system
and friendliness through the use of a microcontroller.

WIRELESS SPEED CONTROL OF DC MOTOR USING RF
COMMUNICATION
ABSTRACT
Every system is automated in order to face new challenges in the present day situation.
Automated systems have less manual operations, so that the flexibility, reliabilities are high and
accurate. Hence every field prefers automated control systems. Especially in the field of
electronics automated systems are doing better performance.
The goal of the project is to develop a system, which uses RF communication to control the
speed of dc motor without any wired communication, which executes with respect to the signal
sent by the RF TX.
There are several applications with dc motors in our daily life. Obviously there exists many
applications where there might be a need to control the speed of dc motors. There exist many
ways of controlling the speed of DC motor. Of the available ones, PWM technique is the most
efficient one and the same technique is used here in this project.
According to this project the person who wants to control the speed of DC motor from a distant
place using RF TX. By pressing the keys available at the RF TX the speed of the DC motor is
varied by making use of the PWM technique. This is realized with the help of microcontroller.
SPEED REGULATION OF DC DRIVE USING MOBILE
COMMUNICATION
Abstract-
The importance of the speed control of DC motors in manufacturing industries like
plastic, textile, chemical and pharmaceutical hardly needs any emphasis as it
ensures efficient and consistent production. In this paper, the authors present
implementation of a hardware circuit which is designed for remote speed control of
a DC motor by using Dual Tone Multi Frequency (DTMF) tone of mobile phone.
The hardware circuit includes the use of DTMF decoder IC MT8870 and Relay
driver IC ULN2003. The mobile keypad keys have been mapped to the speeds of
High Speed, Medium Speed, Low Speed and Stop to regulate the speed of
DC motor.

BIDIRECTIONAL VISITOR COUNTER USING 8051
MICROCONTROLLER
Abstract-
This article describes the design and working of a bidirectional visitor counter. The
main intention is to design a system wherein the number of persons entering or
leaving a room is displayed on a screen. When a person enters the room, count
would be increased, whereas on leaving, the count would decrease. IR sensing
mechanism is used to sense the presence of visitors and the whole counting
operation is done by a microcontroller.
DESIGN OF INTELLIGENT TRAFFIC LIGHT CONTROLLER
USING EMBEDDED SYSTEM
Abstract :
The occurrence of traffic congestion at the intersections in cities is one of major
problem. The present traffic light controlling system could not sufficient to tackle
the traffic congestion due to the lack of efficiency in the designing. The main
design problems of present traffic light controller system are:
A. Fixed Time Interval:
Vehicles at the traffic lane wait until the green light on. Due to the fixed time
interval of red & green light, suppose a road is always crowded with vehicles and
go-ahead time is short. So, vehicles cant pass through the road in the time
allowed. But sub lane has few vehicles and go-ahead time is relatively long. The
proposed system provides dynamic time interval for traffic lights according to
length of vehicles present at each lane.
DEVICE CONTROL USING MOBILE PHONE
Abstract
It often happens that we forget to switch off some electric devices while leaving
home for a journey. This will result in wastage of energy and even the device may
get damaged due to overheating. Even if we remember that we have not switched
off some devices, it may be difficult for us to come back and switch them off.
Also, if we are away from home we may have to turn on the lights at night. These
are normally not possible in present condition. Our project offers a novel solution
for this problem by using a mobile phone, a common electronic gadget. This uses
DTMF (Dual Tone Multi Frequency) signals from mobile phone keypad to attain
its functionality. For decoding the DTMF tones, we are using MT8870, CMOS
Integrated DTMF Receiver. For eliminating any unauthorized entry into the
system, we are providing a password checking facility.

DEVICE CONTROLLING THROUGH PC
Abstract
Today most of the home and office appliances that we interact with contain
microprocessors. All of these appliances have some user interface, but many users
become frustrated with the difficulty of using the complex functions of their
appliances. We are developing a framework that allows users to interact with
appliances through a separate user interface device that they are already carrying.
Smart phones are good candidates for providing interfaces because they are
common, have communication capabilities to allow connection to appliances, and
are already being used for a wide range of different applications. Our framework
includes an abstract specification language for describing appliances, a two-way
communication protocol, and automatic interface generation software that allows
user interfaces to be customized to users and the devices they are using. This
article overviews our personal universal controller system and describes in detail
our design and implementation of automatic interface generation for Microsofts
Smartphone platform.


DIGITAL HEART BEAT MONITOR WITH LCD DISPLAY
Abstract
The aim of this project is to implement an ECG and Digital Heart Rate counter.
The main challenges include amplifying the desired weak signal in the presence of
noise from other muscles and electrical sources. A display of the heart rate will be
obtained by measuring the time between signal peaks and then calculating the
frequency of the peaks in units of beats per minute.
The device is most useful if it is portable. This requires a battery to be able to
power all of the necessary components as well as the power output of the battery to
be regulated. Our implementation of the heart monitor involves low cost amplifier
and filter components coupled with a sophisticated microcontroller and LCD
screen. Results were successful for the amplifier filter stage of the implementation
with an ECG successfully detected and recorded but variability of the voltage
points complicated the calculation and display of the actual rate.

ELECTRONIC ENERGY METER WITH INSTANT BILLING
AIM:
The main aim of this project is to implement an electronic energy meter with instant billing.
In this project we have shown the concept of postpaid energy meter which will automatically
sense the energy used in the home and when it reaches to that value which is initially fed in the
hardware it will disconnect the power line.
AC MOTOR ACCELERATION OPERATING USING TRIAC
AIM:
The main aim of the project is to maintain the speed of the AC motor uniform. The
purpose of this project is to avoid damages to the heavy machinery due to high load. To meet this
requirement we have designed an embedded system, which takes all necessary action to handle
the situation in an efficient manner.

EMBEDDED BASED ADVANCED SENSORS CONTROLLED
BANK SECURITY SYSTEM
ABSTRACT
in todays real time modern industrialized world security systems place a vital role.
This bank security system is mainly designed to meet the requisite of the security
of valuables things (jewels) which are hard earned. Unlike the present system
involving the physicals locks which can be easily forged this has the main feature
of biometrics together with digital (electronic) code locks which will open the door
automatically whenever the series of authentication is verified and gives alert
sounds when any mismatch occurs. In this system, microcontroller continuously
monitors the sensors of the biometric system (PIR SENSOR AND METAL
Detector), the keypad for the authenticated codes (Unique Password and
Registered Identification Number) and the output of wireless motion detector. The
wireless motion detector will be active during nights and if any variation occurs in
its output, it will be sensed by the microcontroller and alert sounds will be given by
it.

AUTOMATIC ACCIDENT DETECTION VIA EMBEDDED GSM
MESSAGE INTERFACE WITH SENSOR TECHNOLOGY
Abstract-
An automatic alarm device for traffic accidents is introduced in this paper. It can
automatically find a traffic accident, search for the spot and then send the basic
information to first aid center within two seconds covering geographical
coordinates, the time and circumstances in which a traffic accident takes place.
Then the server will search the nearest hospital and send the accident information
to the hospital. The hospital will then be sending the ambulance to the accident
zone. Then the injured people will be saved as soon as possible. This process will
save time in particular for the areas in the outer part of main zone.




AUTOMATIC RFID BASED PREPAID VEHICLE PARKING
SYSTEM
Abstract:
In this study, a solution has been provided for the problems encountered in
parking-lot management systems via RFID technology. RFID readers, RFID
labels, computers, barriers and software are used as for the main components of the
RFID technology. The software has been handled for the management, controlling,
transaction reporting and operation tasks for parking lots located on various parts
of the city. Check-ins and check-outs of the parking-lots will be under control with
RFID readers, labels and barriers.
Radio-frequency identification is an automatic identification method wherein the
data stored on RFID tags or transponders is remotely retrieved. RFID tag is a
device that can be attached to or incorporated into a product, animal or person for
identification and tracking using radio waves. Some tags can be read from several
meters away, beyond the line of sight of the reader. RFID technology can be used
in vehicle parking systems of malls and buildings.
The system normally consists of a microcontroller, vehicle counter, sensors,
display board, gate controller, RFID tags and RFID reader. In order to use the
RFID BASED CAR PARKING, the vehicle owner has to register his vehicle
with parking owner and get a RFID tag. To park the car, RFID tag is placed near
RFID reader which is installed near the entry gate of parking lot. As soon as RFID
tag is read by the reader, system automatically deducts the specified amount from
that RFID tag and entry gate boomer opens to allow the car inside the parking area.
At the same time parking counter increments by one. Deducted amount for
parking, balance amount of that RFID tag and the parking status are all displayed
in LCD.


EMBEDDED BASED AUTOMATIC COLLEGE BELL
ABSTRACT
This Project takes over the task of Ringing of the Bell in Colleges. It replaces the
Manual Switching of the Bell in the College. It has an Inbuilt Real Time Clock
(DS1307) which track over the Real Time. When this time Equals to the Bell
Ringing time, then the Relay for the Bell is switched On.
The Bell Ringing time can be edited at any Time, so that it can be used at Normal
Class Timings as well as Exam Times. The Real Time Clock is displayed on LCD
display. The Microcontroller AT89S52 is used to control all the Functions, it get
the time through the keypad and store it in its Memory. And when the Real time
and Bell time get equal then the Bell is switched on for a predetermined time.
This is very wonderful project to control the working of College Bell. These bell
are equipped with the CPU which control the bell.
1. 8051 Microcontroller
2. DS1307
3. LCD.
4. Relay
In this project we try to give the same prototype as Manual Switching Bell with the
help of programmed micro-controller. We are using ATMEL microcontroller 8051
to control all the function as CPU. Microcontroller controls the ringing of bell


AUTOMATIC ROOM LIGHT CONTROLLER WITH
BIDIRECTIONAL VISITOR COUNTER
Abstract-
Project title is AUTOMATIC ROOM LIGHT CONTROLLER WITH
BIDIRECTIONAL VISITOR COUNTER .
The objective of this project is to make a controller based model to count
number of persons visiting particular room and accordingly light up the room.
Here we can use sensor and can know present number of persons.
In todays world, there is a continuous need for automatic appliances
with the increase in standard of living; there is a sense of urgency for
developing circuits that would ease the complexity of life.
Also if at all one wants to know the number of people present in room so as not to
have congestion. This circuit proves to be helpful.
EMBEDDED BASED GAS LEAKAGE DETECTION SYSTEM
FOR INDUSTRIES
Abstract
Develops a gas leak detection and location system for the production safety in
Petrochemical Industry. Consequently, it can give a real-time detective of the
potential risk area, collect the data of a leak accident and locate the leakage point.
However the former systems can not react in time, even can not obtain data from
an accident and locate accurately. The paper has three parts, first, gives the overall
system design, and then provides the approaches on both hardware and software to
achieve it.

DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIRIGGING VOTING SYSTEM USING
FINGER PRINT

AIM:
The aim of this project is to implement the development of anti rigging
voting system using finger print the purpose of the project is to provide a secured
and reliable environment to the customers is to electing the candidates by using the
intelligent electronic voting machine by providing a unique identity to every user
using the FINGER PRINT identification technology.






EMBEDDED BASED PASSWORD DOOR LOCKING
ABSTRACT:
Security is a prime concern in our day-today life. Everyone wants to be as much
secure as possible. An access control for doors forms a vital link in a security
chain.

The microcontroller based Door locker is an access control system that allows only
authorized persons to access a restricted area. The system is fully controlled by the
8 bit microcontroller AT89C2051 which has a 2Kbytes of ROM for the program
memory. The password is stored in the EPROM so that we can change it at any
time.

The system has a Keypad by which the password can be entered through it. When
the entered password equals with the password stored in the memory then the relay
gets on and so that the door is opened. If we entered a wrong password for more
than three times then the Alarm is switched on.

The default password is 1111 and you can change the password by dialing 1234,
old password, and new password #button. for example if you want to change the
password from the default to 4523 then dial 123411114523# after dialing you can
hear a beep sound which confirm the operation goes successful.

There are two relays one to open the door and other to close the door. There is a
button which should be placed inside the door so that the person inside can
open/close the door.





AUTO PROTECTION OF POWER SHARING TRANSFORMERS
FOR DIFFERENR LOADS
ABSTRACT:
The main aim of this project is to protect the transformer from failing or
damage having applied more loads on it & share these over loads with another
transformer.
The purpose of this project is to provide a secured environment for the
transformers from over loads which are distributing power to certain regions.
These transformers with over load are protected by sharing these over loads with
another transformer.
EMBEDDED TEMPERATURE BASED
FAN SPEED CONTROLLER USING
89C51 MICROCONTROLLER

ABSTRACT:

This project is a standalone automatic fan speed controller that controls the
speed of an electric fan according to our requirement. Use of embedded
technology makes this closed loop feedback control system efficient and
reliable. Micro controller (AT89S52) allows dynamic and faster control.
Liquid crystal display (LCD) makes the system user-friendly. The sensed
temperature and fan speed level values are simultaneously displayed on the
LCD panel. It is very compact using few components and can be
implemented for several applications including air- conditioners, water-
heaters, snow-melters, ovens, heat-exchangers, mixers, furnaces, incubators,
thermal baths and veterinary operating tables. AT89S52 micro controller is the
heart of the circuit as it controls all the functions.


The temperature sensor LM35 senses the temperature and converts it into an
electrical (analog) signal, which is applied to the micro controller through
ADC. The analog signal is converted into digital format by the analog-to-
digital converter (ADC). The sensed and set values of the temperature are
displayed on the 16x2-line LCD. The micro controller drives control relays
by means of ULN driver circuit to control the fan speed with the help of high
wattage tagged wire wound resistor.


Single pole dabble throw (SPDT) relays are connected to the micro controller
through a ULN driver circuit. The relays require 12 volts at a current of
around 50 mA, which can not provided by the micro controller. So the ULN
driver circuit is added. The relays are used to operate the electrical fan or
for operating any other electrical device. Normally the relays remain off.
As soon as pin of the micro controller goes high, the relays operate.


This project uses regulated 5V, 500mA & 12V, 500mA power supply. 7805
and 7812 three terminal voltage regulators are used for voltage regulation.
Bridge type full wave rectifier is used to rectify the ac out put of secondary of
230/12V step down transformer. This project is useful in process industries
for maintenance and controlling of Boilers temperature.

MICROCONTROLLER BASED WATER LEVEL
CONTROLLER CUM MOTOR PROTECTOR
ABSTRACT:
The Microcontroller based Water Level Controller cum Motor Protector controls
on and off conditions of the motor depending upon the level of water in the
over head tank (OHT), the status of which is displayed on an LCD module. The
circuit also protects the motor from high voltages, low voltages, fluctuations of
mains power and dry running.
The circuit of the Microcontroller based Water Level Controller cum Motor
Protector comprises of the operational amplifier LM324, microcontroller
AT89C51, opt coupler PC817, regulator 7805 and an LCD module. Port pins P2.0
through P2.2 of the AT89C51 (IC2) are used to sense the water level, while pins
P2.3 and P2.4 are used to sense the under-voltage and over-voltage, respectively.
Pin P3.4 is used to control relay RL1 with the help of opt coupler IC3 and
transistor T5 in the case of under-voltage, over-voltage and different water-level
conditions. The LM324 (IC1) is a quad operational amplifier (op-amp). Two of its
op-amps are used as comparators to detect under- and over-voltage. In normal
condition, output pin 7 of IC1 is low, making pin P2.3 of IC2 high. When the
voltage at pin 6 of N1 goes below the set reference voltage at pin 5 (say, 170
volts), output pin 7 of N1 goes high. This high output makes pin P2.3 of IC2 low,
which is sensed by the microcontroller and the LCD module shows low voltage.
In normal condition, pin 1 of N2 is high. When the voltage at pin 2 of N2 goes
above the set voltage at pin 3, output pin 1 of N2 goes low. This low signal is
sensed by the microcontroller and the LCD module shows high voltage.
Presets VR1 and VR2 are used for calibrating the circuit for under- and over-
voltage, respectively. When water in the tank rises to come in contact with the
sensor, the base of transistor BC548 goes high. This high signal drives transistor
BC548 into saturation and its collector goes low. The low signal is sensed by port
pins of microcontroller IC2 to detect empty tank, dry sump and full tank,
respectively.
DESIGN AND PRODUCTION OF A FUEL TANK MEASURING
SYSTEM USING COMPUTER INTERFACE

ABSTRACT:
This project took into account the processes involved in the design of the fuel tank
measuring system using a computer interface. Our level sensor is Capacitance-
based and was used to measure through variations in dielectric constant despite the
varying fuel viscosity or tank conditions. A detailed design was done and the
components carefully selected to ensure that they are compatible with the fuel to be
measured. We equipped it with a digital indicator to display process values and
powering of the sensor with a 12volts battery. Capacitance level sensors are rugged
and easy to use without any moving parts. They were used in constricted places
due to its compact size. At the end of the design and fabrication, the project was
confirmed to be effective for use in any underground storage fuel tank.




DESIGN OF LOW COST MARITIME BOUNDARY
IDENTIFICATION DEVICE USING GPS SYSTEM
Abstract:
GPS (Global Positioning System) is increasingly being used for a wide range of
applications. It provides reliable positioning, navigation, and timing services to
worldwide users on a continuous basis in all weather, day and night, anywhere on
or near the Earth. GPS is made up of three segments: Space, Control and User.
GPS has become a widely used aid to navigation worldwide, and a useful tool for
map-making, land surveying, commerce, scientific uses, tracking and surveillance,
and hobbies such as geocaching and way marking. None of the present GPS
systems satisfy the requirements for the safety of civilian navigation in the sea as
the maritime boundary of a country cannot be marked.
This paper deals on the versatility and the usefulness of a GPS device in the sea.
The main objective of the paper is to help the fishermen not to navigate beyond
other countrys border. If a fisherman navigates beyond the countrys border, an
alarm is generated indicating that the fisherman has crossed the border.
Additionally, a GSM transmitter interface will send a message to base station
located on the shore indicating that a vessel has crossed the border. Thus guards in
the shore can assist and provide additional help to those fishermen if needed.
Keeping in mind about lives of Indian fishermen, this device has been created to
help them not to move beyond Indian. On the whole, it is an attempt to build a
suitable device for the fishermen at a reasonably low cost.








GSM AND GPS BASED VEHICLE LOCATION AND TRACKING
SYSTEM

ABSTRACT:
A vehicle tracking system combines the installation of an electronic device in a
vehicle, or fleet of vehicles, with purpose-designed computer software to enable
the owner or a third party to track the vehicle's location, collecting data in the
process. Modern vehicle tracking systems commonly use Global Positioning
System (GPS) technology for locating the vehicle, but other types of automatic
vehicle location technology can also be used. Vehicle information can be viewed
on electronic maps via the Internet or specialized software. In the main they are
easy to steal, and the average motorist has very little knowledge of what it is all
about. To avoid this kind of steal we are going to implement a system it provides
more security to the vehicle. Existing System: In the previous system security lock
and alarm is implemented in a car. If a burglar can break open the lock, then it
becomes easy for the burglar to steal the car. And in old security system if the car
is stolen then it is out of the owner control. User doesnt have any awareness about
the current location of the vehicle.
The Proposed System: The RF transmitter is attached with the vehicle which has
its own identification. This data will be continuously transmitted to the RF receiver
connected to the microcontroller. This GPS will be location the position of vehicle
and transmit that data to the microcontroller. Suppose the RF receiver not receiving
signal from the transmitting unit, receiver unit send the signal to the
microcontroller, from that we can identify the theft. If the vehicle is theft it
automatically sends location of the vehicle to its owner as a SMS through GSM
modem. This will be a much simpler and low cost technique compared to others. If
a password like SMS is sent by the owner, it automatically stops the vehicle




GSM BASED DOOR OPENING SYSTEM USING PASSWORD
ABSTRACT:
Now a days most of the systems are automated in order to face new
challenges and present day requirements to achieve good results.
Automated systems have less manual operations, so that the flexibility,
reliabilities are high and accurate. Hence every field prefers automated
control systems, especially in the field of electronics.
The goal of the project is to develop a unique system through
mobile technology which can control various units of the houses,
industries, and also provides a security system. The various appliances
can be utilized by managing them remotely by using GSM technology,
which enables the user to remotely control the operations of the
appliances. Just by pressing keypad of remote telephone the user can
perform ON/OFF operations on the appliances.
The project also exhibits low cost home security system which is
widely employed in our daily life. This system is designed to prevent the
opening of the door by unauthorized persons. The structure of home
security system contains a matrix key pad, the door latch opener and a
GSM modem for the security dial up interfaced to the microcontroller.
The keypad interfaced to the controller is used as the password entry
system to open/close the door. As soon as the user enters the correct
password, the door lock opens. If the password entered is incorrect, then
a security alarm is rung and at the same time it enables the security dial-
up through the GSM modem interfaced to the microcontroller.
The GSM modem uses the UART interface to the controller. When
the unauthorized person gives an invalid password then the controller
uses the modem to inform the owner. The modem receives security dial
up number and the message from the controller and it uses the GSM
network to transmit the message. There is a socket in the modem to
insert the sim card to use the GSM network. The destination mobile
number and the password are stored in the EEPROM of the controller.
GSM BASED HIGHWAY ROAD TRAFFIC MONITORING
SYSTEM.
This project monitors and stores the data about number vehicles moving on
the highway roads. This project uses infrared/laser sensor system to count the
number of vehicles passing in both the directions. The vehicle count is logged by
the microcontroller. This vehicles information is sent to the user over GSM
modem. The information can be sent to the user periodically or can be sent on
demand by sending a missed call or SMS.
ASL Geo Connect is a GUI based application software, installed at the
Desktop of the Control Station. Using this, the operator of a fleet can query any
vehicle fitted with GeoPoint 2407 Unit and obtain its position in real time, or
send/receive text messages to/from the Unit. Alternatively, vehicles can be
configured to report their position to Control Station at set intervals and
automatically update a database at the Control Station. This data can be read from
the database and the position displayed on a digital map.
GSM BASED HOME AUTOMATION USING
ADVANCED MICROCONTROLLER



Abstract
This paper mainly focuses on the controlling of home appliances remotely
and providing security when the user is away from the place. The system is
SMS based and uses wireless technology to revolutionize the standards of
living. This system provides ideal solution to the problems faced by home
owners in daily life. The system is wireless therefore more adaptable and cost-
effective.
This system provides security against intrusion as well as automates various
home appliances using SMS. The system uses GSM technology thus providing
ubiquitous access to the sys- tem for security and automated appliance
control.





INTELLIGENT IRRIGATION WATER PUMP CONTROLLING
SYSTEM DEPENDS ON SOIL MOISTURE
ABSTRACT
This project is implemented to read the moisture level of the soil of the selected
field and according to those values given by the moisture sensor the water level is
maintained in the field. Here the irrigating field will be placed with the humidity
sensor. Humidity sensor is used in our project to know the moisture of the soil.
According to the programmer values, those are given to the microcontroller. By
using this motor driver the water content is given to the field. If the moisture
content of the soil is high then less water is supplied to the field, if the moisture
level decreases then with the help of the motor the more water level is supplied to
the field
GSM BASED INSTANTENOUS VEHICLE REGISTRATION
DETAILS EXTRACTION SYSTEM VERY USEFUL FOR
TRAFFIC POLICE
Abstract
With the rapid growth of economy, the quantity of vehicles in the city has greatly
increased, as well as the number of drivers. At the same time, the situation of
disobeying regulations happened more than before, which has lead to great number
of accidents. So we have designed instantaneous vehicle registration details
extraction system. This project aims at, how to efficiently solve the problem of
traffic control and regulation disobeying to avoid traffic accidents and meet the
requirements of smooth and safe journey.

In this project, when police man detects a vehicles violating traffic rules such as
red traffic light violation and one way traffic violation. The traffic police send an
request to remote extraction system which give the details of the vehicle owner,
contact number and other detail to the police using GSM in case of signal
violation. This information can also used to validate/verifying the duplicate
registration and detection of stolen vehicle -which is the most problem facing by
the people.



AUTOMATION OF WHEEL CHAIR USING MEMS
ACCELEROMETER
Abstract
This paper introduces an automated system is to be developed to control
the motor rotation of wheel chair based on head and hand movement of
physically challenged person. In order to facilitate these people for their
independent movement, an accelerometer device (ADXL330) based
transmitter is fitted either on persons head or hand. Based on the head or
hand movements the transmitter will generate command signals which
will be received by receiver fitted on the back of the chair. This receiver
after receiving signal will drive the motor fitted to the wheel chair. The
ADXL330 is a small, thin, low power, complete 3-axis accelerometer
with signal conditioned voltage outputs, all on a single monolithic IC.
The wheel chair can be driven in any of the four directions i.e. left, right,
forward, back. The automated wheelchair is based on simple electronic
control system and the mechanical arrangement that is controlled by an
Atmel 89s52 microcontroller. This automatic wheel chair also helps
people who have various other disabilities to sit on the chair and just
hold the accelerometer and move it over to control the vehicle
movements. It also contains obstacle detection system to detect various
kind of obstacle comes in the path of chair.





SMART ZONE BASED VEHICLE SPEED CONTROL USING RF
AND OBSTACLE DETECTION AND ACCIDENT PREVENTION
Abstract
This paper presents smart zone based vehicle speed control using RF and
Obstacle Detection and Accident Prevention system. Whenever the
vehicle is within the zone, the vehicle speed is controlled by receiving
the signal, i.e.., every time the vehicle speed is decreased to some cutoff
and kept constant until the vehicle moves out of the zone, and then the
vehicle can get accelerated by itself. Detects Obstacles and prevents
Accidents by Stopping Vehicle.

MODERN HOUSE AUTOMATION (AC/DC) USING RF
COMMUNICATION

Abstract
This project describes to organizing the devices from some distance using
RF data communication. Here we are transmitting a signal from remote control by
pressing a button with a special micro controller section by displaying on LCD.
The data coming from the remote is gained by the RF receiver and give that to
micro controller. By writing software to decrypt the data we can get the original
data. Then the micro controller does the corresponding operation like switching
ON and OFF devices through relays. This data displays on the LCD always.
Advantages are we operate the devices at some distance, power saving, easy to
operate. Applications are in hotel environments, office environments etc.

Identification of Missing Objects With Group Coding of RF tags

Abstract
RFID, radio frequency identification, is an automatic identification technology which is
composed of RF tags, interrogator and associated information system. This paper proposes a
method to determine the unique IDs of objects missing from a group without any external
database or verifier. It is done by writing data to each RF tags memory and comparing the RFID
tag values with already stored database and checks for the matching and mismatching tags
INTELLIGENT SOLAR TRACKER SYSTEM IMPLEMENTED
ON 8051 MICROCONTROLLER
Abstract
Solar energy is becoming increasingly attractive as we grapple with
global climate changes. However, while solar energy is free, non-
polluting, and inexhaustible, solar panels are fixed. As such, they cannot
take advantage of maximum sunlight as weather conditions and seasons
change. A solar panel receives the most sunlight when it is perpendicular
to the suns rays, but the sunlight direction changes regularly with
changing seasons and weather. Currently, most solar panels are fixed,
i.e., the solar array has a fixed orientation to the sky and does not turn to
follow the sun. To increase the unit area illumination of sunlight on solar
panels, we designed a solar tracking electricity generation system. The
design mechanism holds the solar panel and allows the panel to perform
an approximate3-dimensional (3-D) hemispheroidal rotation to track the
suns movement during the day and improve the overall electricity
generation.
This system can achieve the maximum illumination and energy
concentration and cut the cost of electricity by requiring fewer solar
panels, therefore, it has great significance for research and development.
The main use of this report is to utilize the maximum power from the
sun. Now a day we are in heavy need to use the solar power as in the
coming days everything we use might depend on this kind of systems.

MICROCONTROLLER BASED AUTOMATIC WATER LEVEL
CONTROL SYSTEM

ABSTRACT:
Water scarcity is one of the major problems facing major cities of the
world and wastage during transmission has been identified as a major
culprit; this is one of the motivations for this research, to deploy
computing techniques in creating a barrier to wastage in order to not
only provide more financial gains and energy saving, but also help the
environment and water cycle which in turn ensures that we save water
for our future. We presented our research in embedding a control system
into an automatic water pump controller through the use of different
technologies in its design, development, and implementation. The
system used microcontroller to automate the process of water pumping
in an over-head tank storage system and has the ability to detect the level
of water in a tank, switch on/off the pump accordingly and display the
status on an LCD screen. This research has successfully provided an
improvement on existing water level controllers by its use of calibrated
circuit to indicate the water level and use of DC instead of AC power
thereby eliminating risk of electrocution.
FAULT ALERTING AND MAXIMUM DEMAND CONTROLLER FOR
INDUSTRIES
ABSTRACT
In this fast forwarded world we are trying to reduce the manpower and trying to
automate all the systems to improve the speed and also the accuracy. Here is an
excellent means of automation, where we are trying to measure the parameters
such as temperature, object identifier, and light intensity etc. For example, different
parameters are not only measured but also a message is announced through loud
speaker when there is a fault. The different sensors are placed in different zones in
an industry or it can be any place where you are interested to measure and maintain
the parameters. The sensed parameters are applied to the controller through
transistor logic where we can monitor all the parameters.
The monitored parameters are compared with the threshold values and the required
controlling done through the controller. Whenever the values of the given
parameters are exceeded when compared to the threshold level then the concerned
parameter value is high (suppose, if the temperature is exceed to 50 degrees, which
is a threshold value. Then the message, temperature is high delivered through the
loud speaker) message is delivered through the loud speaker.
INDUSTRIAL FAULT INDICATION SYSTEM WITH OVER VOLTAGE
OVER TEMPERATURE USING ANALOG TO DIGITAL (ADC)
CONVERTERS

ABSTRACT:
To measure the voltage, current, and resistance we need to design analog circuits.
These analog circuits measure these three parameters and ready to corresponding
outputs.
The outputs of these analog circuits are to be connected ADC, this ADC is
connected to micro controller so that it can acquire desired parameter. The set
point is predefined in the program when ever the set point exceeds or the reading
below the set point of temperature dc motor comes into the on condition. Similarly
green and red leds indicates the voltage. These readings can then display on the
LCD display