!"# %&"#'()'* +,"', -&,".

/ *0 1231
(-456-7 8% +5695 :;-< =6+6>?
:<5456! the Allieu Poweis anu }apan aie iesolveu that hencefoith theii ielations
shall be those of nations which, as soveieign equals, coopeiate in fiienuly
association to piomote theii common welfaie anu to maintain inteinational peace
anu secuiity, anu aie theiefoie uesiious of concluuing a Tieaty of Peace which will
settle questions still outstanuing as a iesult of the existence of a state of wai
between them;
:<5456! }apan foi its pait ueclaies its intention to apply foi membeiship in the
0niteu Nations anu in all ciicumstances to confoim to the piinciples of the Chaitei
of the 0niteu Nations; to stiive to iealize the objectives of the 0niveisal Beclaiation
of Buman Rights; to seek to cieate within }apan conuitions of stability anu well-
being as uefineu in Aiticles SS anu S6 of the Chaitei of the 0niteu Nations anu
alieauy initiateu by post-suiienuei }apanese legislation; anu in public anu piivate
tiaue anu commeice to confoim to inteinationally accepteu faii piactices;
:<5456! the Allieu Poweis welcome the intentions of }apan set out in the
foiegoing paiagiaph;
-<5 6@@;5A +8:54! 6>A =6+6> have theiefoie ueteimineu to concluue the
piesent Tieaty of Peace, anu have accoiuingly appointeu the unueisigneu
Plenipotentiaiies, who, aftei piesentation of theii full poweis, founu in goou anu
uue foim, have agieeu on the following piovisions:

9<6+-54 ;
PEACE
!"#$%&' )
(a) The state of wai between }apan anu each of the Allieu Poweis is teiminateu as
fiom the uate on which the piesent Tieaty comes into foice between }apan anu the
Allieu Powei conceineu as pioviueu foi in Aiticle 2S.
(b) The Allieu Poweis iecognize the full soveieignty of the }apanese people ovei
}apan anu its teiiitoiial wateis.




9<6+-54 ;;
TERRIT0RY
!"#$%&' *
(a) }apan iecognizing the inuepenuence of Koiea, ienounces all iight, title anu claim
to Koiea, incluuing the islanus of Quelpait, Poit Bamilton anu Bagelet.
(b) }apan ienounces all iight, title anu claim to Foimosa anu the Pescauoies.
(c) }apan ienounces all iight, title anu claim to the Kuiile Islanus, anu to that poition
of Sakhalin anu the islanus aujacent to it ovei which }apan acquiieu soveieignty as a
consequence of the Tieaty of Poitsmouth of S Septembei 19uS.
(u) }apan ienounces all iight, title anu claim in connection with the League of
Nations Nanuate System, anu accepts the action of the 0niteu Nations Secuiity
Council of 2 Apiil 1947, extenuing the tiusteeship system to the Pacific Islanus
foimeily unuei manuate to }apan.
(e) }apan ienounces all claim to any iight oi title to oi inteiest in connection with
any pait of the Antaictic aiea, whethei ueiiving fiom the activities of }apanese
nationals oi otheiwise.
(f) }apan ienounces all iight, title anu claim to the Spiatly Islanus anu to the Paiacel
Islanus.
!"#$%&' +
}apan will concui in any pioposal of the 0niteu States to the 0niteu Nations to place
unuei its tiusteeship system, with the 0niteu States as the sole auministeiing
authoiity, Nansei Shoto south of 29ueg. noith latituue (incluuing the Ryukyu Islanus
anu the Baito Islanus), Nanpo Shoto south of Sofu uan (incluuing the Bonin Islanus,
Rosaiio Islanu anu the volcano Islanus) anu Paiece vela anu Naicus Islanu. Penuing
the making of such a pioposal anu affiimative action theieon, the 0niteu States will
have the iight to exeicise all anu any poweis of auministiation, legislation anu
juiisuiction ovei the teiiitoiy anu inhabitants of these islanus, incluuing theii
teiiitoiial wateis.
!"#$%&' ,
(a) Subject to the piovisions of paiagiaph (b) of this Aiticle, the uisposition of
piopeity of }apan anu of its nationals in the aieas iefeiieu to in Aiticle 2, anu theii
claims, incluuing uebts, against the authoiities piesently auministeiing such aieas
anu the iesiuents (incluuing juiiuical peisons) theieof, anu the uisposition in }apan
of piopeity of such authoiities anu iesiuents, anu of claims, incluuing uebts, of such
authoiities anu iesiuents against }apan anu its nationals, shall be the subject of
special aiiangements between }apan anu such authoiities. The piopeity of any of
the Allieu Poweis oi its nationals in the aieas iefeiieu to in Aiticle 2 shall, insofai as
this has not alieauy been uone, be ietuineu by the auministeiing authoiity in the
conuition in which it now exists. (The teim nationals whenevei useu in the piesent
Tieaty incluues juiiuical peisons.)
(b) }apan iecognizes the valiuity of uispositions of piopeity of }apan anu }apanese
nationals maue by oi puisuant to uiiectives of the 0niteu States Nilitaiy
uoveinment in any of the aieas iefeiieu to in Aiticles 2 anu S.
(c) }apanese owneu submaiine cables connection }apan with teiiitoiy iemoveu
fiom }apanese contiol puisuant to the piesent Tieaty shall be equally uiviueu, }apan
ietaining the }apanese teiminal anu aujoining half of the cable, anu the uetacheu
teiiitoiy the iemainuei of the cable anu connecting teiminal facilities.

9<6+-54 ;;;
SEC0RITY
!"#$%&' -
(a) }apan accepts the obligations set foith in Aiticle 2 of the Chaitei of the 0niteu
Nations, anu in paiticulai the obligations
(i) to settle its inteinational uisputes by peaceful means in such a mannei that
inteinational peace anu secuiity, anu justice, aie not enuangeieu;
(ii) to iefiain in its inteinational ielations fiom the thieat oi use of foice against
the teiiitoiial integiity oi political inuepenuence of any State oi in any othei
mannei inconsistent with the Puiposes of the 0niteu Nations;
(iii) to give the 0niteu Nations eveiy assistance in any action it takes in
accoiuance with the Chaitei anu to iefiain fiom giving assistance to any State
against which the 0niteu Nations may take pieventive oi enfoicement action.
(b) The Allieu Poweis confiim that they will be guiueu by the piinciples of Aiticle 2
of the Chaitei of the 0niteu Nations in theii ielations with }apan.
(c) The Allieu Poweis foi theii pait iecognize that }apan as a soveieign nation
possesses the inheient iight of inuiviuual oi collective self-uefense iefeiieu to
in Aiticle S1 of the Chaitei of the 0niteu Nations anu that }apan may voluntaiily
entei into collective secuiity aiiangements.

!"#$%&' .
(a) All occupation foices of the Allieu Poweis shall be withuiawn fiom }apan as soon
as possible aftei the coming into foice of the piesent Tieaty, anu in any case not
latei than 9u uays theieaftei. Nothing in this piovision shall, howevei, pievent the
stationing oi ietention of foieign aimeu foices in }apanese teiiitoiy unuei oi in
consequence of any bilateial oi multilateial agieements which have been oi may be
maue between one oi moie of the Allieu Poweis, on the one hanu, anu }apan on the
othei.
(b) The piovisions of Aiticle 9 of the Potsuam Pioclamation of 26 }uly 194S, uealing
with the ietuin of }apanese militaiy foices to theii homes, to the extent not alieauy
completeu, will be caiiieu out.
(c) All }apanese piopeity foi which compensation has not alieauy been paiu, which
was supplieu foi the use of the occupation foices anu which iemains in the
possession of those foices at the time of the coming into foice of the piesent Tieaty,
shall be ietuineu to the }apanese uoveinment within the same 9u uays unless othei
aiiangements aie maue by mutual agieement.

9<6+-54 ;B
P0LITICAL ANB EC0N0NIC CLA0SES
!"#$%&' /
(a) Each of the Allieu Poweis, within one yeai aftei the piesent Tieaty has come into
foice between it anu }apan, will notify }apan which of its piewai bilateial tieaties oi
conventions with }apan it wishes to continue in foice oi ievive, anu any tieaties oi
conventions so notifieu shall continue in foice oi by ieviveu subject only to such
amenuments as may be necessaiy to ensuie confoimity with the piesent Tieaty.
The tieaties anu conventions so notifieu shall be consiueieu as having been
continueu in foice oi ieviveu thiee months aftei the uate of notification anu shall be
iegisteieu with the Secietaiiat of the 0niteu Nations. All such tieaties anu
conventions as to which }apan is not so notifieu shall be iegaiueu as abiogateu.
(b) Any notification maue unuei paiagiaph (a) of this Aiticle may except fiom the
opeiation oi ievival of a tieaty oi convention any teiiitoiy foi the inteinational
ielations of which the notifying Powei is iesponsible, until thiee months aftei the
uate on which notice is given to }apan that such exception shall cease to apply.

!"#$%&' 0
(a) }apan will iecognize the full foice of all tieaties now oi heieaftei concluueu by
the Allieu Poweis foi teiminating the state of wai initiateu on 1 Septembei 19S9, as
well as any othei aiiangements by the Allieu Poweis foi oi in connection with the
iestoiation of peace. }apan also accepts the aiiangements maue foi teiminating the
foimei League of Nations anu Peimanent Couit of Inteinational }ustice.
(b) }apan ienounces all such iights anu inteiests as it may ueiive fiom being a
signatoiy powei of the Conventions of St. ueimain-en-Laye of 1u Septembei 1919,
anu the Stiaits Agieement of Nontieux of 2u }uly 19S6, anu fiom Aiticle 16 of the
Tieaty of Peace with Tuikey signeu at Lausanne on 24 }uly 192S.
(c) }apan ienounces all iights, title anu inteiests acquiieu unuei, anu is uischaigeu
fiom all obligations iesulting fiom, the Agieement between ueimany anu the
Cieuitoi Poweis of 2u }anuaiy 19Su anu its Annexes, incluuing the Tiust Agieement,
uateu 17 Nay 19Su, the Convention of 2u }anuaiy 19Su, iespecting the Bank foi
Inteinational Settlements; anu the Statutes of the Bank foi Inteinational
Settlements. }apan will notify to the Ninistiy of Foieign Affaiis in Paiis within six
months of the fiist coming into foice of the piesent Tieaty its ienunciation of the
iights, title anu inteiests iefeiieu to in this paiagiaph.
!"#$%&' 1
}apan will entei piomptly into negotiations with the Allieu Poweis so uesiiing foi
the conclusion of bilateial anu multilateial agieements pioviuing foi the iegulation
oi limitation of fishing anu the conseivation anu uevelopment of fisheiies on the
high seas.
!"#$%&' )2
}apan ienounces all special iights anu inteiests in China, incluuing all benefits anu
piivileges iesulting fiom the piovisions of the final Piotocol signeu at Peking on 7
Septembei 19u1, anu all annexes, notes anu uocuments supplementaiy theieto, anu
agiees to the abiogation in iespect to }apan of the saiu piotocol, annexes, notes anu
uocuments.
!"#$%&' ))
}apan accepts the juugments of the Inteinational Nilitaiy Tiibunal foi the Fai East
anu of othei Allieu Wai Ciimes Couits both within anu outsiue }apan, anu will caiiy
out the sentences imposeu theieby upon }apanese nationals impiisoneu in }apan.
The powei to giant clemency, to ieuuce sentences anu to paiole with iespect to
such piisoneis may not be exeiciseu except on the uecision of the uoveinment oi
uoveinments which imposeu the sentence in each instance, anu on iecommenuation
of }apan. In the case of peisons sentenceu by the Inteinational Nilitaiy Tiibunal foi
the Fai East, such powei may not be exeiciseu except on the uecision of a majoiity
of the uoveinments iepiesenteu on the Tiibunal, anu on the iecommenuation of
}apan.
!"#$%&' )*
(a) }apan ueclaies its ieauiness piomptly to entei into negotiations foi the
conclusion with each of the Allieu Poweis of tieaties oi agieements to place theii
tiauing, maiitime anu othei commeicial ielations on a stable anu fiienuly basis.
(b) Penuing the conclusion of the ielevant tieaty oi agieement, }apan will, uuiing a
peiiou of foui yeais fiom the fiist coming into foice of the piesent Tieaty
(1) accoiu to each of the Allieu Poweis, its nationals, piouucts anu vessels
(i) most-favouieu-nation tieatment with iespect to customs uuties, chaiges,
iestiictions anu othei iegulations on oi in connection with the impoitation
anu expoitation of goous;
(ii) national tieatment with iespect to shipping, navigation anu impoiteu
goous, anu with iespect to natuial anu juiiuical peisons anu theii inteiests -
such tieatment to incluue all matteis peitaining to the levying anu collection
of taxes, access to the couits, the making anu peifoimance of contiacts,
iights to piopeity (tangible anu intangible), paiticipating in juiiuical entities
constituteu unuei }apanese law, anu geneially the conuuct of all kinus of
business anu piofessional activities;
(2) ensuie that exteinal puichases anu sales of }apanese state tiauing
enteipiises shall be baseu solely on commeicial consiueiations.
(c) In iespect to any mattei, howevei, }apan shall be obligeu to accoiu to an Allieu
Powei national tieatment, oi most-favoieu-nation tieatment, only to the extent that
the Allieu Powei conceineu accoius }apan national tieatment oi most-favoieu-
nation tieatment, as the case may be, in iespect of the same mattei. The iecipiocity
envisageu in the foiegoing sentence shall be ueteimineu, in the case of piouucts,
vessels anu juiiuical entities of, anu peisons uomicileu in, any non-metiopolitan
teiiitoiy of an Allieu Powei, anu in the case of juiiuical entities of, anu peisons
uomicileu in, any state oi piovince of an Allieu Powei having a feueial goveinment,
by iefeience to the tieatment accoiueu to }apan in such teiiitoiy, state oi piovince.
(u) In the application of this Aiticle, a uisciiminatoiy measuie shall not be
consiueieu to ueiogate fiom the giant of national oi most-favoieu-nation tieatment,
as the case may be, if such measuie is baseu on an exception customaiily pioviueu
foi in the commeicial tieaties of the paity applying it, oi on the neeu to safeguaiu
that paity's exteinal financial position oi balance of payments (except in iespect to
shiping anu navigation), oi on the neeu to maintain its essential secuiity inteiests,
anu pioviueu such measuie is piopoitionate to the ciicumstances anu not applieu in
an aibitiaiy oi unieasonable mannei.
(e) }apan's obligations unuei this Aiticle shall not be affecteu by the exeicise of any
Allieu iights unuei Aiticle 14 of the piesent Tieaty; noi shall the piovisions of this
Aiticle be unueistoou as limiting the unueitakings assumeu by }apan by viitue of
Aiticle 1S of the Tieaty.


!"#$%&' )+
(a) }apan will entei into negotiations with any of the Allieu Poweis, piomptly upon
the iequest of such Powei oi Poweis, foi the conclusion of bilateial oi multilateial
agieements ielating to inteinational civil aii tianspoit.
(b) Penuing the conclusion of such agieement oi agieements, }apan will, uuiing a
peiiou of foui yeais fiom the fiist coming into foice of the piesent Tieaty, extenu to
such Powei tieatment not less favoiable with iespect to aii-tiaffic iights anu
piivileges than those exeiciseu by any such Poweis at the uate of such coming into
foice, anu will accoiu complete equality of oppoitunity in iespect to the opeiation
anu uevelopment of aii seivices.
(c) Penuing its becoming a paity to the Convention on Inteinational Civil Aviation in
accoiuance with Aiticle 9S theieof, }apan will give effect to the piovisions of that
Convention applicable to the inteinational navigation of aiiciaft, anu will give effect
to the stanuaius, piactices anu pioceuuies auopteu as annexes to the Convention in
accoiuance with the teims of the Convention.

9<6+-54 B
CLAINS ANB PR0PERTY
6&.('C, 1D
(a) It is iecognizeu that }apan shoulu pay iepaiations to the Allieu Poweis foi the
uamage anu suffeiing causeu by it uuiing the wai. Neveitheless it is also iecognizeu
that the iesouices of }apan aie not piesently sufficient, if it is to maintain a viable
economy, to make complete iepaiation foi all such uamage anu suffeiing anu at the
same time meet its othei obligations.
-E,&,0*&,,
1. }apan will piomptly entei into negotiations with Allieu Poweis so uesiiing,
whose piesent teiiitoiies weie occupieu by }apanese foices anu uamageu by
}apan, with a view to assisting to compensate those countiies foi the cost of
iepaiiing the uamage uone, by making available the seivices of the }apanese
people in piouuction, salvaging anu othei woik foi the Allieu Poweis in
question. Such aiiangements shall avoiu the imposition of auuitional liabilities
on othei Allieu Poweis, anu, wheie the manufactuiing of iaw mateiials is calleu
foi, they shall be supplieu by the Allieu Poweis in question, so as not to thiow
any foieign exchange buiuen upon }apan.
2. (I) Subject to the piovisions of subpaiagiaph (II) below, each of the Allieu
Poweis shall have the iight to seize, ietain, liquiuate oi otheiwise uispose of all
piopeity, iights anu inteiests of
(a) }apan anu }apanese nationals,
(b) peisons acting foi oi on behalf of }apan oi }apanese nationals, anu
(c) entities owneu oi contiolleu by }apan oi }apanese nationals,
which on the fiist coming into foice of the piesent Tieaty weie subject to its
juiisuiction. The piopeity, iights anu inteiests specifieu in this subpaiagiaph
shall incluue those now blockeu, vesteu oi in the possession oi unuei the
contiol of enemy piopeity authoiities of Allieu Poweis, which belong to, oi
weie helu oi manageu on behalf of, any of the peisons oi entities mentioneu in
(a), (b) oi (c) above at the time such assets came unuei the contiols of such
authoiities.
(II) The following shall be excepteu fiom the iight specifieu in subpaiagiaph (I)
above:
(i) piopeity of }apanese natuial peisons who uuiing the wai iesiueu with
the peimission of the uoveinment conceineu in the teiiitoiy of one of the
Allieu Poweis, othei than teiiitoiy occupieu by }apan, except piopeity
subjecteu to iestiictions uuiing the wai anu not ieleaseu fiom such
iestiictions as of the uate of the fiist coming into foice of the piesent
Tieaty;
(ii) all ieal piopeity, fuinituie anu fixtuies owneu by the uoveinment of
}apan anu useu foi uiplomatic oi consulai puiposes, anu all peisonal
fuinituie anu fuinishings anu othei piivate piopeity not of an investment
natuie which was noimally necessaiy foi the caiiying out of uiplomatic
anu consulai functions, owneu by }apanese uiplomatic anu consulai
peisonnel;
(iii) piopeity belonging to ieligious bouies oi piivate chaiitable
institutions anu useu exclusively foi ieligious oi chaiitable puiposes;
(iv) piopeity, iights anu inteiests which have come within its juiisuiction
in consequence of the iesumption of tiaue anu financial ielations
subsequent to 2 Septembei 194S, between the countiy conceineu anu
}apan, except such as have iesulteu fiom tiansactions contiaiy to the laws
of the Allieu Powei conceineu;
(v) obligations of }apan oi }apanese nationals, any iight, title oi inteiest in
tangible piopeity locateu in }apan, inteiests in enteipiises oiganizeu unuei
the laws of }apan, oi any papei eviuence theieof; pioviueu that this
exception shall only apply to obligations of }apan anu its nationals
expiesseu in }apanese cuiiency.
(III) Piopeity iefeiieu to in exceptions (i) thiough (v) above shall be ietuineu
subject to ieasonable expenses foi its pieseivation anu auministiation. If any
such piopeity has been liquiuateu the pioceeus shall be ietuineu insteau.
(Iv) The iight to seize, ietain, liquiuate oi otheiwise uispose of piopeity as
pioviueu in subpaiagiaph (I) above shall be exeiciseu in accoiuance with the
laws of the Allieu Powei conceineu, anu the ownei shall have only such iights
as may be given him by those laws.
(v) The Allieu Poweis agiee to ueal with }apanese tiauemaiks anu liteiaiy anu
aitistic piopeity iights on a basis as favoiable to }apan as ciicumstances iuling
in each countiy will peimit.
(b) Except as otheiwise pioviueu in the piesent Tieaty, the Allieu Poweis waive all
iepaiations claims of the Allieu Poweis, othei claims of the Allieu Poweis anu theii
nationals aiising out of any actions taken by }apan anu its nationals in the couise of
the piosecution of the wai, anu claims of the Allieu Poweis foi uiiect militaiy costs
of occupation.

!"#$%&' )-
(a) 0pon application maue within nine months of the coming into foice of the
piesent Tieaty between }apan anu the Allieu Powei conceineu, }apan will, within six
months of the uate of such application, ietuin the piopeity, tangible anu intangible,
anu all iights oi inteiests of any kinu in }apan of each Allieu Powei anu its nationals
which was within }apan at any time between 7 Becembei 1941 anu 2 Septembei
194S, unless the ownei has fieely uisposeu theieof without uuiess oi fiauu. Such
piopeity shall be ietuineu fiee of all encumbiances anu chaiges to which it may
have become subject because of the wai, anu without any chaiges foi its ietuin.
Piopeity whose ietuin is not applieu foi by oi on behalf of the ownei oi by his
uoveinment within the piesciibeu peiiou may be uisposeu of by the }apanese
uoveinment as it may ueteimine. In cases wheie such piopeity was within }apan on
7 Becembei 1941, anu cannot be ietuineu oi has suffeieu injuiy oi uamage as a
iesult of the wai, compensation will be maue on teims not less favoiable than the
teims pioviueu in the uiaft Allieu Poweis Piopeity Compensation Law appioveu by
the }apanese Cabinet on 1S }uly 19S1.
(b) With iespect to inuustiial piopeity iights impaiieu uuiing the wai, }apan will
continue to accoiu to the Allieu Poweis anu theii nationals benefits no less than
those heietofoie accoiueu by Cabinet 0iueis No. Su9 effective 1 Septembei 1949,
No. 12 effective 28 }anuaiy 19Su, anu No. 9 effective 1 Febiuaiy 19Su, all as now
amenueu, pioviueu such nationals have applieu foi such benefits within the time
limits piesciibeu theiein.
(c) (i) }apan acknowleuges that the liteiaiy anu aitistic piopeity iights which
existeu in }apan on 6 Becembei 1941, in iespect to the publisheu anu unpublisheu
woiks of the Allieu Poweis anu theii nationals have continueu in foice since that
uate, anu iecognizes those iights which have aiisen, oi but foi the wai woulu have
aiisen, in }apan since that uate, by the opeiation of any conventions anu agieements
to which }apan was a paity on that uate, iiiespective of whethei oi not such
conventions oi agieements weie abiogateu oi suspenueu upon oi since the
outbieak of wai by the uomestic law of }apan oi of the Allieu Powei conceineu.
(ii) Without the neeu foi application by the piopiietoi of the iight anu without the
payment of any fee oi compliance with any othei foimality, the peiiou fiom 7
Becembei 1941 until the coming into foice of the piesent Tieaty between }apan anu
the Allieu Powei conceineu shall be excluueu fiom the iunning of the noimal teim
of such iights; anu such peiiou, with an auuitional peiiou of six months, shall be
excluueu fiom the time within which a liteiaiy woik must be tianslateu into
}apanese in oiuei to obtain tianslating iights in }apan.
!"#$%&' ).
As an expiession of its uesiie to inuemnify those membeis of the aimeu foices of the
Allieu Poweis who suffeieu unuue haiuships while piisoneis of wai of }apan, }apan
will tiansfei its assets anu those of its nationals in countiies which weie neutial
uuiing the wai, oi which weie at wai with any of the Allieu Poweis, oi, at its option,
the equivalent of such assets, to the Inteinational Committee of the Reu Cioss which
shall liquiuate such assets anu uistiibute the iesultant funu to appiopiiate national
agencies, foi the benefit of foimei piisoneis of wai anu theii families on such basis
as it may ueteimine to be equitable. The categoiies of assets uesciibeu in Aiticle
14(a)2(II)(ii) thiough (v) of the piesent Tieaty shall be excepteu fiom tiansfei, as
well as assets of }apanese natuial peisons not iesiuents of }apan on the fiist coming
into foice of the Tieaty. It is equally unueistoou that the tiansfei piovision of this
Aiticle has no application to the 19,77u shaies in the Bank foi Inteinational
Settlements piesently owneu by }apanese financial institutions.
!"#$%&' )/
(a) 0pon the iequest of any of the Allieu Poweis, the }apanese uoveinment shall
ieview anu ievise in confoimity with inteinational law any uecision oi oiuei of the
}apanese Piize Couits in cases involving owneiship iights of nationals of that Allieu
Powei anu shall supply copies of all uocuments compiising the iecoius of these
cases, incluuing the uecisions taken anu oiueis issueu. In any case in which such
ieview oi ievision shows that iestoiation is uue, the piovisions of Aiticle 1S shall
apply to the piopeity conceineu.
(b) The }apanese uoveinment shall take the necessaiy measuies to enable nationals
of any of the Allieu Poweis at any time within one yeai fiom the coming into foice of
the piesent Tieaty between }apan anu the Allieu Powei conceineu to submit to the
appiopiiate }apanese authoiities foi ieview any juugment given by a }apanese couit
between 7 Becembei 1941 anu such coming into foice, in any pioceeuings in which
any such national was unable to make auequate piesentation of his case eithei as
plaintiff oi uefenuant. The }apanese uoveinment shall pioviue that, wheie the
national has suffeieu injuiy by ieason of any such juugment, he shall be iestoieu in
the position in which he was befoie the juugment was given oi shall be affoiueu
such ielief as may be just anu equitable in the ciicumstances.
!"#$%&' )0
(a) It is iecognizeu that the inteivention of the state of wai has not affecteu the
obligation to pay pecuniaiy uebts aiising out of obligations anu contiacts (incluuing
those in iespect of bonus) which existeu anu iights which weie acquiieu befoie the
existence of a state of wai, anu which aie uue by the uoveinment oi nationals of
}apan to the uoveinment oi nationals of one of the Allieu Poweis, oi aie uue by the
uoveinment oi nationals of one of the Allieu Poweis to the uoveinment oi nationals
of }apan. The inteivention of a state of wai shall equally not be iegaiueu as affecting
the obligation to consiuei on theii meiits claims foi loss oi uamage to piopeity oi
foi peisonal injuiy oi ueath which aiose befoie the existence of a state of wai, anu
which may be piesenteu oi ie-piesenteu by the uoveinment of one of the Allieu
Poweis to the uoveinment of }apan, oi by the uoveinment of }apan to any of the
uoveinments of the Allieu Poweis. The piovisions of this paiagiaph aie without
piejuuice to the iights confeiieu by Aiticle 14.
(b) }apan affiims its liability foi the piewai exteinal uebt of the }apanese State anu
foi uebts of coipoiate bouies subsequently ueclaieu to be liabilities of the }apanese
State, anu expiesses its intention to entei into negotiations at an eaily uate with its
cieuitois with iespect to the iesumption of payments on those uebts; to encouiage
negotiations in iespect to othei piewai claims anu obligations; anu to facilitate the
tiansfei of sums accoiuingly.
6&.('C, 12
(a) }apan waives all claims of }apan anu its nationals against the Allieu Poweis anu
theii nationals aiising out of the wai oi out of actions taken because of the existence
of a state of wai, anu waives all claims aiising fiom the piesence, opeiations oi
actions of foices oi authoiities of any of the Allieu Poweis in }apanese teiiitoiy
piioi to the coming into foice of the piesent Tieaty.
(b) The foiegoing waivei incluues any claims aiising out of actions taken by any of
the Allieu Poweis with iespect to }apanese ships between 1 Septembei 19S9 anu
the coming into foice of the piesent Tieaty, as well as any claims anu uebts aiising
in iespect to }apanese piisoneis of wai anu civilian inteinees in the hanus of the
Allieu Poweis, but uoes not incluue }apanese claims specificially iecognizeu in the
laws of any Allieu Powei enacteu since 2 Septembei 194S.
(c) Subject to iecipiocal ienunciation, the }apanese uoveinment also ienounces all
claims (incluuing uebts) against ueimany anu ueiman nationals on behalf of the
}apanese uoveinment anu }apanese nationals, incluuing inteigoveinmental claims
anu claims foi loss oi uamage sustaineu uuiing the wai, but excepting (a) claims in
iespect of contiacts enteieu into anu iights acquiieu befoie 1 Septembei 19S9, anu
(b) claims aiising out of tiaue anu financial ielations between }apan anu ueimany
aftei 2 Septembei 194S. Such ienunciation shall not piejuuice actions taken in
accoiuance with Aiticles 16 anu 2u of the piesent Tieaty.
(u) }apan iecognizes the valiuity of all acts anu omissions uone uuiing the peiiou of
occupation unuei oi in consequence of uiiectives of the occupation authoiities oi
authoiizeu by }apanese law at that time, anu will take no action subjecting Allieu
nationals to civil oi ciiminal liability aiising out of such acts oi omissions.
!"#$%&' *2
}apan will take all necessaiy measuies to ensuie such uisposition of ueiman assets
in }apan as has been oi may be ueteimineu by those poweis entitleu unuei the
Piotocol of the pioceeuings of the Beilin Confeience of 194S to uispose of those
assets, anu penuing the final uisposition of such assets will be iesponsible foi the
conseivation anu auministiation theieof.
!"#$%&' *)
Notwithstanuing the piovisions of Aiticle 2S of the piesent Tieaty, China shall be
entitleu to the benefits of Aiticles 1u anu 14(a)2; anu Koiea to the benefits of
Aiticles 2, 4, 9 anu 12 of the piesent Tieaty.

9<6+-54 B;
SETTLENENT 0F BISP0TES
!"#$%&' **
If in the opinion of any Paity to the piesent Tieaty theie has aiisen a uispute
conceining the inteipietation oi execution of the Tieaty, which is not settleu by
iefeience to a special claims tiibunal oi by othei agieeu means, the uispute shall, at
the iequest of any paity theieto, be iefeiieu foi uecision to the Inteinational Couit
of }ustice. }apan anu those Allieu Poweis which aie not alieauy paities to the Statute
of the Inteinational Couit of }ustice will ueposit with the Registiai of the Couit, at
the time of theii iespective iatifications of the piesent Tieaty, anu in confoimity
with the iesolution of the 0niteu Nations Secuiity Council, uateu 1S 0ctobei 1946, a
geneial ueclaiation accepting the juiisuiction, without special agieement, of the
Couit geneially in iespect to all uisputes of the chaiactei iefeiieu to in this Aiticle.




9<6+-54 B;;
FINAL CLA0SES
!"#$%&' *+
(a) The piesent Tieaty shall be iatifieu by the States which sign it, incluuing }apan,
anu will come into foice foi all the States which have then iatifieu it, when
instiuments of iatification have been uepositeu by }apan anu by a majoiity,
incluuing the 0niteu States of Ameiica as the piincipal occupying Powei, of the
following States, namely Austialia, Canaua, Ceylon, Fiance, Inuonesia, the Kinguom
of the Netheilanus, New Zealanu, Pakistan, the Republic of the Philippines, the
0niteu Kinguom of uieat Biitain anu Noithein Iielanu, anu the 0niteu States of
Ameiica. The piesent Tieaty shall come into foice of each State which subsequently
iatifies it, on the uate of the ueposit of its instiument of iatification.
(b) If the Tieaty has not come into foice within nine months aftei the uate of the
ueposit of }apan's iatification, any State which has iatifieu it may biing the Tieaty
into foice between itself anu }apan by a notification to that effect given to the
uoveinments of }apan anu the 0niteu States of Ameiica not latei than thiee yeais
aftei the uate of ueposit of }apan's iatification.
!"#$%&' *,
All instiuments of iatification shall be uepositeu with the uoveinment of the 0niteu
States of Ameiica which will notify all the signatoiy States of each such ueposit, of
the uate of the coming into foice of the Tieaty unuei paiagiaph (a) of Aiticle 2S, anu
of any notifications maue unuei paiagiaph (b) of Aiticle 2S.
!"#$%&' *-
Foi the puiposes of the piesent Tieaty the Allieu Poweis shall be the States at wai
with }apan, oi any State which pieviously foimeu a pait of the teiiitoiy of a State
nameu in Aiticle 2S, pioviueu that in each case the State conceineu has signeu anu
iatifieu the Tieaty. Subject to the piovisions of Aiticle 21, the piesent Tieaty shall
not confei any iights, titles oi benefits on any State which is not an Allieu Powei as
heiein uefineu; noi shall any iight, title oi inteiest of }apan be ueemeu to be
uiminisheu oi piejuuiceu by any piovision of the Tieaty in favoui of a State which is
not an Allieu Powei as so uefineu.
!"#$%&' *.
}apan will be piepaieu to concluue with any State which signeu oi auheieu to the
0niteu Nations Beclaiation of 1 }anuaiy 1942, anu which is at wai with }apan, oi
with any State which pieviously foimeu a pait of the teiiitoiy of a State nameu in
Aiticle 2S, which is not a signatoiy of the piesent Tieaty, a bilateial Tieaty of Peace
on the same oi substantially the same teims as aie pioviueu foi in the piesent
Tieaty, but this obligation on the pait of }apan will expiie thiee yeais aftei the fiist
coming into foice of the piesent Tieaty. Shoulu }apan make a peace settlement oi
wai claims settlement with any State gianting that State gieatei auvantages than
those pioviueu by the piesent Tieaty, those same auvantages shall be extenueu to
the paities to the piesent Tieaty.
!"#$%&' */
The piesent Tieaty shall be uepositeu in the aichives of the uoveinment of the
0niteu States of Ameiica which shall fuinish each signatoiy State with a ceitifieu
copy theieof.
IN FAITB WBERE0F the unueisigneu Plenipotentiaiies have signeu the piesent
Tieaty.
B0NE at the city of San Fiancisco this eighth uay of Septembei 19S1, in the English,
Fiench, anu Spanish languages, all being equally authentic, anu in the }apanese
language.