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F22RaptorLowerKeelChord

Purpose:
Toteachtheaudienceaboutthealloy(Ti62222S)usedforthelowerkeelchordon
theF22Raptor.

I.Introduction:
A.SlideoneTitle[pictureofF22]
B.SpokenintroductionThetitaniumalloywehavechosenisusedontheF22raptor,
undoubtedlyoneofthemosttechnologicallyadvancedmachineseverbuiltandalsooneofthe
bestlooking.Thesejetscostabout$130millioneach,theycanflyatspeedsuptomach1.7,
andtheyhavethemostadvancedweaponsandradarsystemseverfittedtoajetfighter.Our
titaniumisusedtomakeanintegralpartofoneofthemostadvancedaircrafteverbuilt.

II.BasicProductInfo:
A.SlidetwoTheProduct
1. Ti62222sisusedtomakethelowerkeelchordontheLockheedMartin
F22Raptor
2. Thispartislocatedontheaftfuselageoftheplane
3. Thepartsweightis18kilograms(40lbs)
4.Exposedtotemperaturesbetweenroomtemperatureand400degreescelsius
5.Structurallyintegraltotheaircraft
B.SlidethreeCreep
1. Thispartmustresistcreep
2. Creepisthestretchingordeformationofametalpart
3. Resultsfromrepeatedlongtermheatexposurecombinedwithforcesuponthe
part
4. Ti62222isusedintheF22becauseofitshighresistancetocreep
C.SlideFourProductLocation[Pictures]

III.TitaniumAlloyInfomation:

A.SlideFiveTitaniumBasics

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1. AlphaandBetaphases
2. Alphastructureisclosepackedandhexagonal
3. Hardandstrong
4. Betastructureisbodycenteredcubic
5. Ductilebutlessstrong
6. AlphaBetaalloyscontainsubstantialamountsofbothstructures.
7. Titaniumwilltransformfromalphatobetaatacertaintemperaturearound
890degreescelsiusfornearpureTi
8. Manyalloyingelementschangethealphatobetatransustemperature
9. Changestheamountofalphaandbetastructureinthealloyandthereforeits
properties
B.SlidesixTitaniumAlloyingElements
1. Betastabilizers(lowertransustemperature):
a. Molybdenum,vanadium,tantalum,niobium,manganese,iron,
chromium,cobalt,nickel,copper,andsilicon

2. Alphastabilizers(raisetransustemperature):
b. Aluminium,gallium,germanium,carbon,oxygenandnitrogen

IV..BasicTi62222sInformation:
A.SlidesevenTheAlloyTi62222s
1. Ti62222sisahighstrengthalphabetatitaniumalloy
2. Itisdesignedspecificallytoresistcreepandholditshightensilestrengthunder
repeatedhighheatexposurefromjetengines
3. TheName:
a. TiindicatesTitanium

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b. Thenumberscorrespondtothealloyingelementpercentages
6Al2Sn2Zr2Mo2Si
c. sindicatesthattheparthasbeentriplexheattreated
4. Density:4.65g/cm^3
5. Tensilestrength:1,168Ksi
6. Hardness:342BHN||370Knoop

V.Composition
A.SlideeightandnineAlloyComposition
1. Aluminum6%Thealuminumstabilizesandstrengthensthealphaphase,so
raisingthebetatransustemperature
a. Reducesthedensityofthealloy
2. Tin2%Actsasastrengthenerofthealphaphase
3. HelpstoIncreaseoverallstrength
4. Zirconium2%Alsoactsasstrengthenerinthealphaphase
5. Chromium2%Stabilizesthebetaphasebyloweringthetemperatureof
transformationfromalphatobeta
6. Molybdenum2%Alsostabilizesthebetaphasebyloweringthetemperatureof
transformationfromalphatobeta.
7. Silicon2%Allowsforstrengthretainmentatmoderatetemperatures
a. Thishelpsthealloyresistcreep
9. Oxygenmax.14%
10. Nitrogenmax.04%
11. Carbonmax.05%
10. Theselastthreeareimpurities
VI.ManufacturingProcesses
A.SlidetenManufacturingProcess

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1. RollingSheetisrolledbelowtheBetatransusforverysmallgrainsize.Very
similartoTi6Al4v
2. FormingFormabilityissimilartoTi6Al4v,withslightlyhigherpressure
requiredforhotformingduetothehighstrengthofthealloy.
3. MachiningAlsosimilartoTi6Al4v,maybeslightlyeasier.
4. LikemostoftheF22scomponents,thelowerkeelchordmustbemadeto
extremelyexacttolerances...upto1/6000ofaninch
5. Thisistocomplywiththemilitary'sextremestealthrequirements
6. Ti62222billetsmachinedatextremelyexacttolerancesintothe18kglower
keelchord
7. Triplexheattreated
8. ThepartistheninstalledintheaftfuselageoftheF22
9. ThewholeaftfuselageisthenshippedtoMariettaGeorgiatobeattachedtothe
aircraft

VII.HeatTreat

A.SlideelevenandtwelveHeatTreatment
1. Triplexheattreated,resultsinacoarselamellarstructureinatransformed
matrix.
2. Coolingratesfromthesolutiontreatmentsmustbecontrolledwithinagiven
windowtoprovidedesiredstrengths.
3. Theretainedcontainsafineacicularprecipitateduetoaging.Becauseof
thissubmicronsizedsilicideshavehavebeenobservedinthisalloy.
4. Forgingstreatmentsincludetwoorthreesteppracticesofsingleortwostep
(duplex)solutiontreatmentsfollowedbycontrolledcoolingandaging(stabilizing).
5. 1stStep:Betasolutionheattreatat1004degreesCelsiusfor60minutes
6. Fancooledto482degrees

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7. Aircooledtoroomtemperature
8. 2ndStep:Alpha/Betasolutionizingat927degreesCelsiusfor60minutes
9. Fanandaircooledasstepone.
10. 3rdStep:Agedat538degreesCelsiusfor8hours
11. Aircooled
VIII.InterestingInformation
A.SlidethirteenApplicationofalloy
1. Morethat30%ofallthecomponentsoftheF22aretitanum.Butofthat
percent,only3%ofitisTI62222,makingitaveryrarelyusedalloy.
2. Thisalloywascreatedforthishighheataerospaceapplications
3. Thereisnootheralloythathasthedegreeofcreepresistance,strengthandlow
weightthatTi62222spossesses
B.SlidefourteenSimilarProductsAlloys
1. Onlessadvancedjets,liketheF16
2. Componentsfortheaftfuselagearen'tmadewithTi62222s,butmade
insteadwithTi6Al4Vorsomethingsimilar
C.SlidefiveteenAlternativeMaterials
1. Ti62222sisthebestmaterialforthejob
2. AlthoughTi6Al4Vcomesclose,itjustdoesnthavethecreepresistancelike
T162222sdoes
3. Theadditionofmorebetastabilizersandsilicongivesthisalloycreepresistance
andstrengththatotherTialloysdonothave
IX.Conclusion
A.SlideSixteenConclusionSlide
1. [PicturesofJet]

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2. Thismaterialwascreatedforthisapplication.Therearesimilarpartsonother
jetsbuttheyaremadewithadifferentmaterial,somethinglikeTi6Al4V.Ti62222s
isaveryuniqueandrelativelyunknownalloy.Theproprietarynatureofthemilitary
makesitverydifficulttolearnalotabouttechnologiesthattheyused.Overlyhowever,
wedidfindagoodamountofinformationaboutthisalloy.Theworldofmilitary
engineeringisinterestingtosaytheleast.thankyouforlistening.