Ti-6-22-22s

and its use on the F-22 Raptor

Ti-6-22-22s is used to make the lower keel chord
on the Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor
This part is located on the aft fuselage of the
plane
The parts weight is 18 kilograms (40 lbs)
Exposed to temperatures between room
temperature and 400 degrees celsius
Structurally integral to the aircraft
This part must resist creep, retain high strength,
and be as lightweight as possible
The Product
Creep is the stretching or deformation of a metal part
Results from repeated long term heat exposure
combined with forces upon the part
Ti-6-22-22 is used in the F-22 because of its high
resistance to creep
Creep
Because of the secrecy behind the F-22, no blue prints
or pictures of the part itself are available.
Part Location
Lower keel chord
Alpha and Beta phases
Alpha structure is close-packed and hexagonal
hard and strong
Beta structure is body centered cubic
ductile but less strong
Alpha-Beta alloys contain substantial amounts of both structures.
Titanium will transform from alpha to beta at a certain
temperature around 890 degrees celsius for near pure Ti
Many alloying elements change the alpha to beta transus
temperature
Changes the amount of alpha and beta structure in the alloy and
therefore its properties
Titanium Basics
Beta stabilizers (lower transus temperature):
Molybdenum, vanadium, tantalum, niobium,
manganese, iron, chromium, cobalt, nickel, copper,
and silicon
Alpha stabilizers (raise transus temperature):
Aluminium, gallium, germanium, carbon, oxygen and
nitrogen
Titanium Alloying Elements
Ti-6-22-22s is a high strength alpha-beta titanium alloy
All titaniums are known for their high strength to weight ratio
It is designed specifically to resist creep and hold its high tensile
strength under repeated high heat exposure from jet engines
The Name:
Ti indicates Titanium
The numbers correspond to the alloying element
percentages 6Al-2Sn-2Zr-2Mo-2Si
s indicates that the part has been triplex heat treated
Density: 4.65 g/cm^3
Tensile strength: 1,168 Ksi
Hardness: 342 BHN || 370 Knoop
The Alloy Ti-6-22-22s
Aluminum 6%--The aluminum stabilizes and strengthens the alpha phase,
so raising the beta-transus temperature
Reduces the density of the alloy
Tin 2% Acts as a strengthener of the alpha phase
Helps to Increase overall strength
Zirconium 2% Also acts as strengthener in the alpha phase
Chromium 2% Stabilizes the beta phase by lowering the temperature of
transformation from alpha to beta
Composition
Molybdenum 2% Also stabilizes the beta phase by lowering the
temperature of transformation from alpha to beta.
Silicon 2% Allows for strength retainment at moderate temperatures
This helps the alloy resist creep
Oxygen max .14%
Nitrogen max .04%
Carbon max .05%
Composition cont.
Undesirable in high
concentrations
Like most of the F-22s components, the lower keel chord must
be made to extremely exact tolerances...up to 1/6000 of an inch
This is to comply with the military's extreme stealth
requirements
Ti-6-22-22 billets machined at extremely exact tolerances into
the 18kg lower keel chord
Triplex heat treated
The part is then installed in the aft fuselage of the F-22
The whole aft fuselage is then shipped to Marietta Georgia to be
attached to the aircraft
Manufacturing Process
Triplex Heat Treat Process:
1st Step:
Beta solution heat treat at 1004 degrees
Celsius for 60 minutes
Fan cooled to 482 degrees
Air cooled to room temperature
Heat Treatment
2nd Step:
Alpha/Beta solutionizing at 927 degrees
Celsius for 60 minutes
Fan and air cooled as step one.
3rd Step:
Aged at 538 degrees Celsius for 8 hours
Air cooled
Heat Treatment cont.
Does the application of the product have
anything to do with the type of alloy
used to manufacture it?
This alloy was created for this high heat
aerospace applications
There is no other alloy that has the degree of
creep resistance, strength and low weight that
Ti-6-22-22s possesses
On less advanced jets, like the F-16
Components for the aft fuselage aren't
made with Ti-6-22-22s, but made instead
with Ti 6Al-4V or something similar
Are there similar or same products
manufactures but with different alloys or
materials?
Ti-6-22-22s is the best material for the job
Although Ti 6Al-4V comes close, it just doesnt have the
creep resistance like T1-6-22-22s does
The addition of more beta stabilizers and silicon gives
this alloy creep resistance and strength that other Ti
alloys do not have
Specially designed
Do you think this product could be
made with a different material ? What
would it be? Why isnt it made with that
material now?
ITS ON A JET, MURICA!
What did you find interesting or
exciting about your product?