Compact guides

Basic figures on the EU

Winter 2013/2014 edition

General information
Coverage
This short guide shows information for the EU, the euro area, the EU
Member States and three EFTA countries. The euro area (EA-17) is
composed of: Belgium, Germany, Estonia, Ireland, Greece, Spain,
France, Italy, Cyprus, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Austria,
Portugal, Slovenia, Slovakia and Finland. The EU-27 includes the
EA-17 countries and also: Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Denmark,
Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Sweden and the United
Kingdom. The EU-28 includes the EU-27 countries and Croatia. The
three EFTA countries covered are: Iceland, Norway and Switzerland.
For the EU, the information presented in this short guide is based
on data for the EU-28 when figures are available. Otherwise results
for the EU-27 are shown. The euro area aggregate is fixed for the
17 Member States (EA-17). However, the data for inflation is based
on moving aggregates that reflect the membership of the EU and euro
area over time (coded EU and Euro area in the graphs).
Quarterly growth rates are expressed in relation to the previous
quarter. Quarterly rates are generally calculated using seasonally
adjusted data, although rates for the government surplus, deficit
and debt and long-term unemployment are based on non seasonally
adjusted data. Furthermore, annual rates of change for inflation are
also based on non seasonally adjusted data.
Symbols and abbreviations
: not available
Figures in italics are estimates, provisional or forecasts
Extraction date
Data were extracted on 31 October 2013.
The next edition (extraction planned: 31 January 2014) will be issued
in February 2014.
The most recent data is available at
http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/
portal/page/portal/statistics/search_database
Data codes
The Eurostat online data code, which is given at the bottom of each
column of data in the tables and as part of the source for figures,
provides users with a quick and efficient way of accessing the most upto-date statistics. When used through the search facility of Eurostats
website, each data code directs users to the corresponding dataset
offering the freshest data and longer time-series.

Poverty or social exclusion

Education

Climate change /
energy

R&D

Employment

Indicators of the Europe 2020 strategy for smart,

sustainable and inclusive growth
EU-28
Employment rate
(% of population aged 2064)
male
female
EU-28
Gross domestic
expenditure on R&D
(% of GDP)
EU-27
Greenhouse gas emissions
(index, 1990 = 100)
Renewables in gross final
energy consumption (%)
Primary energy consumption
(million tonnes of oil equivalent)
EU-27
Early leavers from education
& training
(% of population aged 1824)
male
female
Tertiary educational attainment
(% of population aged 3034)
male
female
EU-27
People at-risk-of poverty
or social exclusion (million)
People at-risk-of poverty
or social exclusion (%)
In households with very
low work intensity (%)
At-risk-of-poverty after
social transfers (%)
Severely materially
deprived (%)

2005 2011
67.9

68.5

76.0 74.9
59.9 62.2
2005 2010

2012

Target

68.4

75

74.5
62.3
2011 Target

2.00

2.02

2005 2010

2011

Target

1.82

93

86

83

80

8.5

12.5

13.0

20.0

1 703 1 645

1 583 1 474

2005 2011

2012

Target
< 10

15.8

13.4

12.7

17.8
13.8

15.3
11.6

14.5
11.0

28.0

34.6

35.8

40

26.0 30.8
30.0 38.5
2005 2011

31.6
40.0
2012 Target

123.9 119.8

124.4 95.7 (1)

25.6

24.2

25.0

10.3

10.2

9.8

16.4

16.9

17.2

10.7

8.8

10.3

(1) Corresponds to the 2008 figure minus 20 million people (see conclusions of European Council 17 June 2010 at
http://ec.europa.eu/eu2020/pdf/council_conclusion_17_june_en.pdf).
Source: Eurostat (http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/europe_2020_indicators/headline_indicators)

Selected Principal European Economic Indicators

GDP, quarterly growth rate (%)
3.0
1.5
0.0
-1.5
-3.0
-4.5
Q2-2005

Q2-2007
EU-28

Q2-2009

Q2-2011

Japan

Q2-2013

United States

Source: Eurostat (online data code: namq_gdp_k)

Labour cost index, quarterly growth rate (%)

2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
-0.5
Q2-2005

Q2-2007

Q2-2009

EU-28

Q2-2011

Q2-2013

Euro area (EA-17)

Source: Eurostat (online data code: lc_lci_r2_q)

Trade of goods and services, quarterly growth rate, EU-28 (%)

5.0
2.5
0.0
-2.5
-5.0
-7.5
-10.0
Q2-2005

Q2-2007
Exports of goods
Exports of services

Source: Eurostat (online data code: namq_exi_k)

Q2-2009

Q2-2011

Q2-2013

Imports of goods
Imports of services

Inflation, annual rate of change, EU (%)

-4

-2

All-itemsHICP
Education
Alcoholicbev.&tobacco
Food&nonalcoholicbev.
Restaurants&hotels
Housing
Recreation&culture
Householdequipment
Clothing&footwear
Health
Transport
Energy (1)
Communications
Miscellaneous
September 2012

September 2013 (2)

(1) Estimate for September 2013. (2) Provisional.

Source: Eurostat (online data code: prc_hicp_manr)

Inflation, annual rate of change, all-items indices,

September 2013 (%)
-2

-1

EU (1)
Euro area (1)
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Germany
Estonia
Ireland (2)
Greece
Spain
France
Croatia (3)
Italy
Cyprus
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Hungary
Malta
Netherlands
Austria (1)
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovenia
Slovakia
Finland
Sweden
United Kingdom
Iceland
Norway
Switzerland
(1) Provisional. (2) Value is 0. (3) Definition differs.
Source: Eurostat (online data code: prc_hicp_manr)

Economy, public finance

GDP in current prices

EU-28
EU-27
Euro area (EA-17)
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Germany
Estonia
Ireland
Greece
Spain
France
Croatia
Italy
Cyprus
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Hungary
Malta
Netherlands
Austria
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovenia
Slovakia
Finland
Sweden
United Kingdom
Iceland
Norway
Switzerland
Online data code:
Source: Eurostat

(EUR /
(1000 million
inhabitant)
EUR)
2012
25 500
12 968
25 600
12 924
28 500
9 484
34 000
376
5 400
40
14 600
153
43 800
245
32 600
2 666
13 000
17
35 700
164
17 200
194
22 300
1 029
31 100
2 032
10 300
44
25 700
1 567
20 500
18
10 900
22
11 000
33
80 700
43
9 800
97
16 300
7
35 800
599
36 400
307
9 900
381
15 600
165
6 200
132
17 200
35
13 200
71
35 600
193
42 800
408
30 500
1 930
32 900
11
77 500
389
61 900
491
nama_gdp_c

GDP growth in

Quarterly growt
Q4-2012
-0.4
-0.4
-0.5
-0.1
0.1
-0.3
-0.6
-0.5
0.5
-0.2
:
-0.8
-0.2
-0.4
-0.9
-1.6
0.8
0.7
1.1
-0.5
0.2
-0.6
-0.1
0.1
-1.9
1.0
-1.0
0.1
-0.8
-0.2
-0.3
0.3
0.2
0.3

Q1-201
-0.1
-0.1
-0.2
0.0
0.1
-1.3
-0.2
0.0
-0.1
-0.6
:
-0.4
-0.1
0.0
-0.6
-1.8
1.8
0.8
-0.6
0.6
0.2
-0.4
0.1
0.2
-0.4
0.4
-0.5
0.2
-0.2
0.3
0.4
4.4
-0.1
0.6
teina01

n volume

th rate (%)

13

11

Q2-2013
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.2
-0.1
0.6
0.6
0.7
-0.2
0.4
:
-0.1
0.5
-0.2
-0.3
-1.8
0.1
0.6
1.6
0.1
1.8
-0.1
0.1
0.4
1.1
0.5
-0.3
0.3
0.2
-0.2
0.7
-6.5
0.8
0.5

Government surplus (+) /

deficit (-)

Government debt

(% of GDP)

(% of GDP)

Q1-2013
Q2-2013
-4.2
-2.6
-4.1
-2.5
-4.9
-2.3
-9.0
1.7
1.6
-0.2
-4.0
-1.7
-2.6
0.5
:
:
-3.3
1.5
-11.1
-5.8
-17.5
-30.3
-4.9
-10.3
:
:
-9.9
-11.0
-7.3
-1.0
0.6
-5.3
3.6
1.4
-6.5
-1.4
-3.1
3.4
-4.1
-1.6
-6.8
-2.6
3.1
-4.6
-5.6
-0.1
-1.9
-3.8
-10.2
-4.2
-3.7
-0.9
-10.1
-4.7
-3.2
-2.0
-1.9
2.5
-0.8
2.5
-2.0
-5.4
-2.1
-3.8
11.1
16.2
-0.3
-0.7
gov_q_ggnfa

Q1-2013
Q2-2013
85.9
86.8
86.0
86.9
92.3
93.4
104.4
105.0
18.0
18.0
47.9
46.5
44.6
45.8
80.5
79.8
9.7
9.8
125.0
125.7
160.5
169.1
90.1
92.3
91.9
93.5
57.4
59.5
130.3
133.3
87.5
98.3
39.4
38.7
40.8
40.4
23.3
23.1
82.3
81.1
75.0
75.8
72.0
73.9
75.1
75.1
57.3
58.3
127.5
131.3
38.6
38.6
54.8
62.6
54.8
57.7
54.9
57.2
40.6
40.9
88.1
89.6
:
:
31.8
31.5
:
:
gov_q_ggdebt

Population, living conditions and education

Population
Share of age
Total
group (%)
(million)
< 15
65 +
1.1.2013
1.1.2012
EU-28
507.07
15.6
17.8
EU-27
502.81
15.6
17.8
Euro area (EA-17) 332.62
15.4
18.7
Belgium
11.16
17.0
17.3
Bulgaria
7.28
13.4
18.8
Czech Republic
10.52
14.7
16.2
Denmark
5.60
17.7
17.3
Germany
82.02
13.2
20.6
Estonia
1.32
15.5
17.2
Ireland
4.59
21.6
11.9
Greece
11.06
14.4
19.7
Spain
46.70
15.2
17.4
France
65.63
18.6
17.1
Croatia
4.26
14.9
17.3
Italy
59.69
14.0
20.6
Cyprus
0.87
16.5
12.8
Latvia
2.02
14.3
18.6
Lithuania
2.97
14.9
18.1
Luxembourg
0.54
17.1
14.0
Hungary
9.91
14.5
16.9
Malta
0.42
14.7
16.5
Netherlands
16.78
17.3
16.2
Austria
8.45
14.5
17.8
Poland
38.53
15.1
13.8
Portugal
10.49
14.8
19.4
Romania
20.06
15.0
15.0
Slovenia
2.06
14.3
16.8
15.4
12.8
Slovakia
5.41
Finland
5.43
16.5
18.1
Sweden
9.56
16.7
18.8
United Kingdom
63.73
17.5
16.9
Iceland
0.32
20.7
12.6
Norway
5.05
18.5
15.4
Switzerland
8.04
15.0
17.2
Online data code: tps00001
tps00010

Fertility
Life expe
rate
birth
(children /
woman)
Male
2011
:
77.4
1.57
77.4
1.56
:
1.81
77.8
1.51
70.7
1.43
74.8
1.75
77.8
1.36
78.4
1.52
71.2
2.05
78.3
1.42
78.5
1.36
79.4
2.01
78.7
1.40
73.9
1.40
80.1
1.35
79.3
1.34
68.6
1.76
68.1
1.52
78.5
1.23
71.2
1.49
78.6
1.76
79.4
1.42
78.3
1.30
72.6
1.35
77.6
1.25
71.0
1.56
76.8
1.45
72.3
1.83
77.3
1.90
79.9
1.96
79.1
2.02
80.7
1.88
79.1
1.52
80.5
tsdde220
tps0

(1) Belgium,Ireland,Austria,the UnitedKingdom and Switzerland:2011. (2) Those aged 2564 with at least an up
with at most a lower secondary education and not in further education or training.
Source: Eurostat

Early leavers from

education and
training (%) (3)
Male
Female
Male
Female
2012
74.8
73.7
14.4
10.9
74.7
73.7
14.5
11.0
70.2
69.9
15.9
11.7
70.7
72.6
14.4
9.5
81.0
81.0
12.1
13.0
94.8
90.0
6.1
4.9
77.7
78.1
10.8
7.4
88.5
84.1
11.1
9.8
87.1
92.3
14.0
7.1
71.8
77.4
11.2
8.2
64.0
67.5
13.7
9.1
52.7
56.0
28.8
20.8
73.4
71.7
13.4
9.8
83.8
75.0
4.6
3.6
55.7
58.8
20.5
14.5
78.5
76.4
16.5
7.0
85.6
92.2
14.5
6.2
92.3
94.4
8.2
4.6
80.2
76.3
10.7
5.5
84.7
79.7
12.2
10.7
41.0
35.2
27.5
17.6
74.4
71.9
10.2
7.3
88.0
78.4
7.9
7.3
89.7
89.5
7.8
3.5
34.1
41.0
27.1
14.3
79.5
72.4
18.0
16.7
86.2
83.7
5.4
3.2
93.5
90.0
6.0
4.6
82.3
87.4
9.8
8.1
81.9
82.9
8.5
6.3
79.4
76.4
14.6
12.4
72.7
69.3
23.6
16.5
82.0
82.2
17.6
11.9
89.0
83.6
5.7
5.3
edat_lfse_08
t2020_40

Educational
ectancy at At-risk-of poverty
attainment (%) (2)
(years)
rate (%) (1)
Female

83.2
83.2
:
83.2
77.8
81.1
81.9
83.2
81.3
82.8
83.1
85.4
85.7
80.4
85.3
83.1
78.8
79.3
83.6
78.7
82.9
83.1
83.9
81.1
84.0
78.2
83.3
79.8
83.8
83.8
83.1
84.1
83.6
85.0
00025

Male

Female

16.5
17.8
16.5
17.8
16.4
17.9
14.6
16.0
19.5
22.8
8.7
10.5
13.3
12.9
14.9
17.2
16.8
18.1
15.4
14.9
22.5
23.6
22.2
22.1
13.6
14.6
19.4
21.6
18.5
21.1
12.9
16.4
19.5
19.4
18.1
19.0
14.7
15.6
14.2
13.9
14.4
15.5
9.5
10.6
11.7
13.5
17.1
17.1
17.5
18.2
21.9
23.2
12.5
14.6
13.2
13.3
12.9
13.6
12.7
15.7
14.8
17.6
8.4
7.5
9.6
10.5
13.7
16.3
tessi010

pper secondary education (level generally prior to higher education). (3) Percentage of the population aged 1824

Employment and unemployment

Employment
(1 000)
Q1-2013 Q2-2013
EU-28
221 267 223 683
EU-27
219 853 222 241
Euro area (EA-17) 144 011 145 129
Belgium
4 512
4 524
Bulgaria
3 291
3 516
Czech Republic
5 065
5 134
Denmark
2 726
2 767
Germany
41 410
41 787
Estonia
607
622
Ireland
1 846
1 871
Greece
3 893
3 938
Spain
17 210
17 252
France
26 802
26 899
Croatia
1 416
:
Italy
24 112
24 296
Cyprus
358
358
Latvia
872
885
Lithuania
1 266
1 297
Luxembourg
381
386
Hungary
3 958
:
Malta
175
176
Netherlands
8 573
8 634
Austria
4 148
4 218
Poland
15 201
15 426
Portugal
4 440
4 520
Romania
9 013
9 302
Slovenia
911
917
Slovakia
2 191
2 187
Finland
2 442
2 546
Sweden
4 640
4 628
United Kingdom
29 600
29 721
Iceland
:
:
Norway
2 693
2 704
Switzerland
:
:
Online data code:
lfsi_grt_q
Source: Eurostat

Employment rate, aged 2

(% of population)
Male
Fem
Q1-2013 Q2-2013 Q1-2013
73.3
74.3
61.9
73.5
74.4
62.0
72.8
73.7
61.5
71.8
73.2
61.6
64.3
66.1
59.1
80.1
81.2
63.0
78.4
79.0
71.6
80.9
82.1
71.9
75.0
77.8
69.3
69.3
70.4
59.5
62.5
63.3
43.3
62.4
63.3
52.7
73.1
74.0
64.9
57.2
58.5
47.4
69.6
69.7
49.8
72.9
72.9
62.3
70.6
70.7
67.2
69.3
70.8
67.8
77.5
76.5
63.9
66.8
69.9
56.0
78.9
79.6
48.9
81.3
81.4
71.7
78.6
80.6
70.1
70.8
72.1
56.5
67.3
68.5
61.3
69.9
71.6
54.7
70.3
70.9
62.4
72.4
72.5
57.4
73.2
75.9
71.3
81.2
82.3
76.0
79.7
80.1
69.0
83.2
86.3
77.6
81.6
82.4
76.5
87.2
87.3
76.6
lfsi_emp_q

2064

Unemployment rate
(% of the labour force)
male
Total
Youth, aged 1524
Long-term
Q2-2013 Q2-2013 Q3-2013 Q2-2013 Q3-2013 Q1-2013 Q2-2013
62.6
11.0
11.0
23.5
23.5
5.2
5.1
62.7
10.9
11.0
23.3
23.3
5.1
5.1
62.0
12.1
12.2
23.9
24.0
6.0
5.9
61.7
8.5
8.8
23.4
24.0
3.9
3.7
61.0
12.9
13.1
28.8
28.5
7.6
7.2
63.9
7.0
7.0
18.8
18.9
3.2
3.0
73.0
6.8
7.1
12.5
13.6
1.9
1.9
72.3
5.3
5.3
7.8
7.8
2.5
2.4
70.7
8.1
:
15.8
:
4.8
3.9
60.3
13.8
13.7
27.9
28.3
8.5
8.2
43.6
27.4
:
59.2
:
17.5
17.7
53.1
26.4
26.6
56.0
56.5
12.8
13.0
65.6
10.8
11.0
25.6
25.9
4.2
4.3
50.9
16.9
17.0
51.7
52.8
11.2
10.8
50.1
12.1
:
38.9
:
7.1
6.8
62.1
15.8
16.7
39.9
43.9
5.5
5.6
68.1
11.3
:
20.1
:
7.0
5.6
69.1
11.9
12.1
22.4
21.7
5.9
5.0
64.7
5.7
5.8
18.5
18.5
2.0
1.4
56.5
10.4
:
27.7
:
5.1
4.8
49.1
6.5
6.4
13.6
13.3
2.9
2.8
71.7
6.7
7.0
10.8
11.5
2.2
2.4
71.2
4.7
:
8.7
:
1.1
1.1
57.3
10.5
10.4
26.7
26.3
4.5
4.4
62.2
17.0
16.4
39.4
37.0
9.5
9.4
57.4
7.4
7.5
23.2
:
3.4
3.2
63.2
10.6
10.3
25.1
23.7
5.2
5.1
57.5
14.2
14.0
33.6
31.7
9.9
9.9
72.8
8.1
8.1
20.1
20.1
1.8
1.6
77.7
8.0
7.9
23.8
23.1
1.5
1.5
69.1
7.7
:
21.1
:
2.8
2.8
79.9
5.6
5.5
11.9
11.8
:
:
77.1
3.4
:
8.6
:
0.7
0.8
76.9
:
:
:
:
:
:
une_rt_q
une_ltu_q

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