1. Rugby football is a style of football that refers to two current sports, rugby league and rugby union.

Before the split into the league and union codes, the term applied to the style of football believed to
have developed at England's Rugby School to differentiate it from other styles of football. Although
these two distinctive forms of rugby share the same general rules and the same objective, namely,
getting the ball over the line to score a try, the specific rules for the two forms are different.

2. Many believe that rugby was born in 1823 when William Webb Ellis"with fine disregard for the rules
of football (note that football was yet to split into the various codes) as played in his time at Rugby
school, first took the ball in his arms and ran with it, thus originating the distinctive feature of the
Rugby game".Although this is in fact apocryphal, since there is little in the way of evidence to
substantiate this view, it is however the popular view. So much so in fact that the international
committee named the Rugby world cup the "William Webb Ellis Trophy".

3. There are certain terms for aspects of Rugby gameplay which are necessary to know in order to
understand the rules and methods of the game.

a. Scrums. Scrums are used to restart gameplay, usually after a minor rule infraction, but they can also
be awarded after a penalty. A scrum is essentially a test of strength. In a scrum, 8 players from each
team weave themselves together in rows to create a unified mass. The two teams then go head-to-
head, each pushing against the other, with a tunnel formed on the ground in between them. A
remaining member of the team who was awarded the scrum then tosses the ball into this tunnel. The
player at the head of each group then attempts to gain possession of the ball by hooking it with his
legs and kicking it backwards to be retrieved by his teammates. While these players are attempting to
gain possession of the ball, the rest of the players push against each other to attempt to help their
team and hinder the other.
b. Rucks. A occurs usually after a tackle. When a player and ball hit the ground, a ruck forms as
members of each team crowd around the fallen player to attempt to gain control of the ball. Players
may not use their hands to remove the ball from the ruck. Instead the ball must be kicked out
towards the other players. It is also important to note that any players beyond the initial two must
join the ruck from the back only, not through the sides.
c. Mauls. Mauls are similar to rucks but occur when players are upright, rather than on the ground. If
the ball is not making progress, the maul will often end in the awarding of scrum to the team not in
possession when the maul began.
d. Line-outs. When the ball is kicked or thrown from the play area, the referee will generally call for a
line-out. The forwards of each team form a line, one meter apart, at the point where the ball exited
play. Then the ball is tossed between them, usually by the hooker of the team who did not remove
the ball from play. The forwards then attempt to gain possession of the ball. Players will often lift
each other in order to help gain possession of the ball.

4. Each team should have eight forwards and seven backs. The role of the forwards is to gain possession
of the ball and the role of the backs is to move the game forward by running or kicking the ball.
Forwards are generally large, heavy and strong. Backs, however, are generally light and fast. These
traits allow them to play their positions better than those without these traits.
[6]
It is in your best
interest to distribute your players, as best you can, to these bodytype positions. The players will be
organized in rows when the play begins.
a. Forward first row. The first row contains three players: the hooker, the loosehead prop, and the
tighthead prop. The role of the hooker is to gain possession of the ball during scrums and usually
throw the ball in at line-outs. The role of the loose and tighthead props is to support the hooker
during scrums, support other players during line-outs and provide strength during rucks and mauls.
b. Forward second row. The second row consists of two locks. These are the tallest players in the team
and are generally used in line-outs to gain possession of the ball. They are also used for forward
power in scrums.
c. Forward back row. The back row of forwards consists of three players: two flankers and a number 8.
These players make up the back row in scrums and serve mainly to control the ball once a hooker has
gained possession.
d. Half-backs. This consists of two players: the scrum-half, who acts as a middleman between forwards
and backs, and the fly-half who generally serves as the teams goal kicker.
e. Three quarters. There are four three quarters positions. All four serve to tackle attacking members of
the opposite team, as well as complete tries and other maneuvers.
f. Fullbacks. There is a single player in this row, the fullback. He serves as his teams last line of defense,
catching balls kicked by the opposition and well as tackling any member of the opposing team who
manages to break through the previous lines.


5. The rugby field will depend upon what is available to you and the needs of the players. There are,
however, official descriptions for a rugby field. There are two goals at either end of a field. The
distance between the two goals should be roughly 157 yd or less, with an in-goal area behind each
goal that should not exceed 25 yd. The field should be 77 yd wide or less. The opening of the goal
should be 6.1 yd across, with a bar located 3.3 yd above the ground. The field is then further divided
by a center line and two sidelines and dead ball lines beyond which the ball is out of play. The dead
ball lines are two lines beyond the 25 yd in-goal area at each end of the field.



6. Points can be scored in a few different ways. One method is by scoring a try. Worth five points, a try
is scored when a player grounds the ball between the goal line and the dead ball line. The other
methods involve scoring a goal. A goal is scored when a player kicks the ball through the goal, passing
between the uprights and above the crossbar. There are a few methods of scoring a goal:
a. A conversion occurs after a try. If a try is made, the team is awarded a free kick. A conversion can be
from either a drop-kick or a place kick. This type of goal is worth 2 points.
b. A dropped goal is when the ball is kicked through the goals during open play. With this type of goal,
the ball must hit the ground immediately before it is kicked. This type of goal is worth 3 points.
c. A penalty goal is awarded to a team after the opposing team has committed an infraction against the
rugby laws. This kick can be made either from a stationary ground position or by a drop-kick. This
type of goal is worth 3 points.

7. A rugby match is 80 minutes long and is divided into two 40 minute sections (teams switch field sides
at halftime). Extra time is added at the end as necessary, to compensate for injuries and timeouts.
Whichever team has the highest number of points wins the game.









How To Play Rugby









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