SPH3U KINEMATICS REVIEW

*** Kinematics Unit Test will include but not limited

to the following types of questions. ***

Part A:

1. Define the following:
(a) kinematics (b) dynamics
(c) mechanics (d) velocity (e) acceleration
(f) frame of reference (g) centre of mass
(h) vector (i) scalar

3. In terms of graphing distinguish between
the following:
(a) average velocity and instantaneous velocity
(b) average acceleration and instantaneous
acceleration

15. A truck is transporting new cars to a car
dealership.
There are 8 cars on the truck's trailer.
Describe a frame of reference in which a car is:
(a) moving.
(b) at rest.

16. Draw a dot diagram to illustrate the motion of
a car travelling from one traffic light to the next.
When the traffic light turns green the car's
speed increases, it then travels at a constant
speed, and then brakes to slow down to a stop
at the next traffic light.

17. A girl is taking her dog for a walk. They walk
5.0 km[N] and then turn around and walk
12 km[S].
(a) What is the total distance that they travelled?
(b) What is their displacement?
(c) What displacement would they have to walk
to get back to their starting point?

18. A cyclist is travelling with an average velocity
of 5.9 m/s[W]. What will be his displacement
after 1.2 h?

19. A canoeist paddles 1.6 km downstream and
then turns around and paddles back upstream
for 1.2 km. The entire trip takes 45 minutes.
(a) What is the displacement of the canoeist?
(b) Calculate the average velocity of the
canoeist.

20. The closest star to our solar system is Alpha
Centauri, which is 4.12 10
16
m away. How
long would it take light from Alpha Centauri
to reach our solar system if the speed of light
is 3.00 10
8
m/s? (Provide an answer in both
seconds and in years.)

21. Vectorville and Scalartown are 20.0 km apart.
A cyclist leaves Vectorville and heads for
Scalartown at 20.0 km/h. A second cyclist
leaves Scalartown for Vectorville at exactly the
same time at a speed of 15.0 km/h.
(a) Where will the two cyclists meet between
the two towns?
(b) How much time passes before they meet
(in minutes)?

24. A car is travelling at 14 m/s when the traffic
light ahead turns red. The car brakes and comes
to a stop in 5.0 s. Calculate the acceleration of
the car.

25. At the very end of their race, a runner
accelerates at 0.3 m/s
2
for 12 s to attain a speed
of 6.4 m/s.
Determine the initial velocity of the runner.

26. The acceleration due to gravity on the moon
is 1.6 m/s2[down]. If a baseball was thrown
with an initial velocity of 4.5 m/s[up], what
would its velocity be after 4.0 s?

27. When the traffic light turns green the car's
speed increases, it then travels at a constant
speed, and then brakes to slow down to a stop
at the next traffic light.
(a) Sketch a position-time graph to represent
the car's motion.
(b) Sketch a velocity-time graph to represent
the car's motion.

28. A car that starts from rest can travel a distance
of 5.0 10
1
m in a time of 6.0 s.
(a) What is the final velocity of the car at
this time?
(b) What is the acceleration of the car?

29. A cyclist is travelling at 5.6 m/s when she
starts to
accelerate at 0.60 m/s
2
for a time interval of 4.0 s.
(a) How far did she travel during this
time interval?
(b) What velocity did she attain?

30. A truck is travelling at 22 m/s when the driver
notices a speed limit sign for the town ahead.
He slows down to a speed of 14 m/s. He travels
a distance of 125 m while he is slowing down.
(a) Calculate the acceleration of the truck.
(b) How long did it take the truck driver to
change his speed?

31. A skydiver falling toward the ground
accelerates at 3.2 m/s
2
. Calculate his
displacement if after 8.0 s he attained a
velocity of 28 m/s[down].

32. A car is travelling on the highway at a constant
speed of 24 m/s. The driver misses the posted
speed limit sign for a small town she is passing
through. The police car accelerates from rest at
2.1 m/s
2
. From the time that the speeder passes
the police car:
(a) How long will it take the police car to catch
up to the speeder?
(b) What distance will the cars travel in
that time?







Part B:

11. An airplane, going from Toronto to Ottawa,
fliesdue east for 290 km and then due north for
190 km. Compare this trip with the trip the
airplane makes if it flies in a straight line from
Toronto to Ottawa. What is the same about both
trips? What is different? When might a pilot
want to fly along the component paths rather
than in a direct line from one place to another?

14. A person walks 3.0 km[S] and then 2.0 km[W],
to go to the movie theatre.
(a) Draw a vector diagram to illustrate the
displacement.
(b) What is the total displacement?

15. A person in a canoe paddles 5.6 km[N] across
a calm lake in a time of 1.0 h. He then turns west
and paddles 3.4 km in 30.0 minutes.
(a) Calculate the displacement of the canoeist
from his starting point.
(b) Determine the average velocity for the trip.

17. A cyclist travels with a velocity of 6.0 m/s[W]
for 45 minutes. She then heads south with a
speed of 4.0 m/s for 30.0 minutes.
(a) Calculate the displacement of the cyclist
from her starting point.
(b) Determine the average velocity for the trip.
33.
34.