1523 - 03 GCE Subject Report January 2002 (C2000)

GCE
Mark Schemes with Examiners Reports

Edexcel GCE
Mathematics
(6671-6674; 6677-6680; 6683,6684,6689)
January 2002
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January 2002
0u!lications Code "1 022-,3
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Contents Page
Introduction 1
6671 Pure Mathematics 1 Examiners Report 3
6677 Mechanics 1 Examiners Report 13
6683 Statistics 1 Examiners Report 22
6684 Statistics 2 Examiners Report 24
6689 ecision Mathematics 1 Examiners Report 26
!ppen"ix# 6689 ecision Mathematics Report# $anuar% 2002 28
&ra"e 'oun"aries 31
Statistics 32
E"exce( )oun"ation
General Certificate of Education
!"*ance" an" !"*ance" Su+si"iar% Examinations
Su+,ect Reports
Mathematica( Su+,ects
January 2002
General Information
Mar-s are a.ar"e" in the /irst p(ace /or -no.in0 a correct metho" o/ so(ution an" attemptin0 to app(%
it 1M mar-s23 4n 0enera( no accurac% mar-s 1! mar-s2 can +e o+taine" unti( a *a(i" metho" has +een
esta+(ishe"3 !ccurac% mar-s ma% +e 0i*en /or the correct ans.er on(% 1c3a3o32 or /or ans.ers correct(%
/o((o.e" throu0h /rom an incorrect pre*ious ans.er 1 23 Metho" mar-s cannot +e (ost /or arithmetic
errors3 Sometimes5 e303 in cur*e s-etchin05 mar-s are a.ar"e" in"epen"ent(% o/ metho" mar-s6 these
are ca((e" ' mar-s3 &enera((%5 no mar-s in a mar-in0 scheme are su+"i*isi+(e3 7are is ta-en in
mar-in0 schemes to see that a s(ip "oes not attract an excessi*e pena(t%3 8e*erthe(ess5 hi0h 0ra"es
cannot +e achie*e" on metho" mar-s a(one an" accurac% is essentia( /or the a.ar" o/ hi0her 0ra"es3
9r"er(% an" (o0ica( presentation is o/ consi"era+(e a"*anta0e to can"i"ates in ma-in0 the +est use o/
their time3 :o.e*er5 (on0 metho"s are not "irect(% pena(ise" as can"i"ates usin0 metho"s ha*e a(rea"%
pena(ise" themse(*es +% usin0 up the time that cou(" ha*e +een more pro/ita+(% spent on other
;uestions3
Some stress is (ai" on ans.erin0 the ;uestions as-e" an" /e. mar-s are 0i*en /or a misrea"in0 .hich
a(ters the nature o/ the ;uestion or materia((% simp(i/ies it3 )or a misrea"in0 .hich "oes not a(ter the
nature o/ the ;uestion5 t.o mar-s are "e"ucte" /rom an% ! or ' mar-s 0aine" in the part o/ the
;uestion a//ecte"3 4ncorrect .or-in0 or statements /o((o.in0 a correct ans.er are i0nore"5 an" in the
e*ent o/ a can"i"ate ma-in0 a premature approximation5 in 0enera( not more than t.o mar-s are (ost3
7orrect a(ternati*e so(utions are a(.a%s accepta+(e /or /u(( mar-s un(ess a particu(ar metho" is
speci/ie" in the ;uestion3 4t is a car"ina( princip(e that an% "ou+t is interprete" to the +ene/it o/ the
can"i"ate3
About the Mark Schemes
<he tota( num+er o/ mar-s /or each paper is 753
Metho" mar-s 1M2 are a.ar"e" /or =-no.in0 a metho" an" attemptin0 to app(% it5 un(ess other.ise
in"icate"3
!ccurac% mar-s 1!2 can on(% +e a.ar"e" i/ the re(e*ant metho" mar-s 1M2 ha*e +een earne"3
1'2 mar-s are in"epen"ent o/ metho" mar-s3
Metho" mar-s cannot +e su+"i*i"e"3
)or misrea"in0 .hich "oes not a(ter the character o/ a ;uestion or materia((% simp(i/% it5 "e"uct t.o
/rom an% ! or ' mar-s 0aine"5 in that part o/ the ;uestion a//ecte"3
1
!(( mar-s are =correct ans.er on(% un(ess sho.n5 /or examp(e5 as !1 to in"icate that pre*ious
.ron0 .or-in0 is to +e /o((o.e" throu0h3 !/ter a misrea" the su+se;uent ! mar-s a//ecte" are treate"
as ! +ut mani/est(% a+sur" ans.ers shou(" ne*er +e a.ar"e" ! mar-s3
<he a++re*iation =a.rt stan"s /or =an%thin0 .hich roun"s to3
<he a++re*iation =1eeoo stan"s /or ="e"uct one mar- /or e*er% error or omission3
<he a++re*iation =cso stan"s /or =correct so(ution on(%3
2
P!E MA"#EMA"ICS M$%&E '
S(&&A)S **+'
1Maximum mar-# 752
1Mean mar-# 45386 Stan"ar" "e*iation# 20352
Introduction
!(thou0h there .ere a0ain some can"i"ates .ho .ere c(ear(% out o/ their "epth an" others
.ho .ere insu//icient(% experience" in tac-(in0 ;uestions o/ the appropriate stan"ar"5 the
paper appeare" to +e han"(e" con/i"ent(% +% the a*era0e can"i"ate3 4n 0enera(5 can"i"ates
appear to ha*e ha" su//icient time to comp(ete the paper3 !s in the $une 2001 examination5 it
.as encoura0in0 that man% can"i"ates ha" (earnt the /ormu(ae (iste" in the appen"ix to the P1
speci/ication3 7an"i"ates are a"*ise" to .rite "o.n the appropriate /ormu(a +e/ore +e0innin0
to use it5 since this can sa/e0uar" metho" mar-s in cases .here there is a su+se;uent
numerica( mista-e3 Metho"s .ere usua((% sho.n c(ear(%5 +ut can"i"ates shou(" +e remin"e"
o/ the a"*ice in the ru+ric that =ans.ers .ithout .or-in0 ma% 0ain no cre"it3
!e,ort on indi-idual .uestions
/uestion '
&oo" can"i"ates ans.ere" this ;uestion .e((5 +ut man% others "emonstrate" surprisin0(% poor
un"erstan"in0 o/ the use o/ in"ices /or sur" expressions3 ! t%pica( mista-e .as to re.rite 42
as 83 9ccasiona((% (o0arithms .ere use" success/u((%5 +ut it .as "isappointin0 that
can"i"ates o/ten resorte" to =tria( an" impro*ement approaches usin0 their ca(cu(ators in a
;uestion that c(ear(% re;ueste" exact ans.ers3
/uestion 2
Part 1a2 .as usua((% ans.ere" correct(%5 a(thou0h it .as not a(.a%s c(ear /rom can"i"ates
.or-in0 that /1x2 ha" +een e;uate" to >ero3 Man% .ea-er can"i"ates5 not rea(isin0 that 1x 42
.as a /actor5 ma"e no /urther pro0ress .ith this ;uestion3 Most5 ho.e*er5 attempte" to /in" a
;ua"ratic /actor5 usua((% +% a(0e+raic (on0 "i*ision3 4n part 1c25 the (in- +et.een the ;ua"ratic
/actor an" the nature o/ the roots o/ the e;uation .as sometimes not appreciate"3 Some
can"i"ates simp(% e*a(uate" the /unction /or a num+er o/ inte0er *a(ues o/ x an" attempte" to
"ra. conc(usions /rom their resu(ts5 .hi(e others exp(aine" that there .ere no rea( roots
+ecause the ;ua"ratic "i" not /actorise3
/uestion 0
9ccasiona((% can"i"ates "i" not reco0nise the nee" to use 1 cos sin
2 2
= + 5 so no pro0ress
.as ma"e .ith this ;uestion3 Most5 ho.e*er5 procee"e" appropriate(% to o+tain a ;ua"ratic in
sin 5 an" continue" to so(*e the e;uation to /in" the correct *a(ues o/ sin 3 4n their attempts
to /in" 5 can"i"ates o/ten (ost mar-s +% 0i*in0 a""itiona( 1.ron02 so(utions in the re;uire"
ran0e 1e303 1935 an" 193525 +% /ai(in0 to /in" the so(ution 160355 or +% not roun"in0 their
ans.ers to one "ecima( p(ace3
/uestion 1
S-etches o/ the t.o strai0ht (ines in part 1a2 .ere 0enera((% 0oo"5 a(thou0h man% can"i"ates
/oun" it necessar% to use ta+(es o/ *a(ues an" to p(ot their points on 0raph paper3 <he
coor"inates o/ the points o/ intersection .ith the axes5 particu(ar(% 11355 025 .ere not a(.a%s
c(ear(% sho.n3 <here .ere occasiona( attempts to rea" o// /rom 0raphs the coor"inates o/ A5
3
the point o/ intersection o/ the (ines5 +ut other.ise man% cope" .e(( .ith the simu(taneous
e;uations in part 1+23 )e. score" maximum mar-s in part 1c25 .here the main pro+(ems .ere
in /in"in0 the re;uire" 0ra"ient /or the perpen"icu(ar (ine an" in puttin0 the e;uation into the
/orm ax ? by ? c @ 0 .ith a5 b an" c inte0ers3 !(0e+raic s(ips .ere common in the (ast t.o
parts o/ this ;uestion3
/uestion 2
<he *ast ma,orit% o/ can"i"ates success/u((% comp(ete" the "i//erentiation in part 1a25 +ut then
man% .ere con/use" +% the "eman"s o/ part 1+23 Some attempte" to so(*e the e;uation
2
3x 10x ? 5 @ 0 rather than
2
3x 10x ? 5 @ 25 .hi(e others attempte" to use the 0ra"ient
2 in the e;uation o/ a strai0ht (ine5 anticipatin0 part 1c23 4n part 1c2 itse(/5 an" a(so in part 1"25
there .ere man% 0oo" so(utions3 Some can"i"ates "i"5 ho.e*er5 /ai( to un"erstan" the
"e/inition o/ the points R an" S5 +ut .ere sti(( a+(e to 0ain cre"it /or the metho" o/ /in"in0 the
"istance +et.een t.o points3 !(thou0h a =simp(i/ie" sur" .as not re;uire"5 it .as
"isappointin0 that man% /ina( ans.ers .ere (e/t as 61325 or simi(ar3
/uestion *
<he /ormu(a /or the area o/ a sector .as 0enera((% .e(( -no.n an" man% can"i"ates .ere a+(e
to su+tract the appropriate t.o areas to /in" an expression /or the area o/ the /(o.er +e"5
.hich "i" not ha*e to +e simp(i/ie" to 0ain /u(( mar-s3 7orrect expressions in part 1a2 a(most
in*aria+(% (e" to success in part 1+23 E*en those .ho ha" /oun" "i//icu(t% .ith the initia(
sta0es o/ the ;uestion .ere o/ten a+(e to ca(cu(ate the perimeter in part 1c25 .here occasiona(
s(ips .ere more common than incorrect metho"s3 <he (ast part5 ho.e*er5 "e/eate" a(( +ut a
/e. can"i"ates3 :ere5 some trie" to use a "i//erence in areas rather than perimeters an" others
"i" not rea(ise that it .as necessar% to use an% tri0onometr%3 Sometimes it .as assume" that
trian0(e OAD .as e;ui(atera(5 an" .here the cosine /ormu(a or other tri0onometr% .as use"5
mista-es .ere common5 *ar%in0 /rom arithmetic s(ips to mis;uotations o/ /ormu(ae3
7an"i"ates .ho "i" o+tain an ans.er sometimes /ai(e" to express it to the nearest cm3
/uestion +
4n part 1a25 there .ere man% uncon*incin0 attempts to pro*e the /ormu(a /or the sum o/ a
0eometric series3 9/ten the nth term .as ;uote" incorrect(% as
n
ar 5 .hi(e another common
mista-e .as to con/use the proo/ .ith that /or the arithmetic series an" to procee" +%
re*ersin0 the terms an" a""in03 Man% proo/s5 e*en i/ a(0e+raica((% soun"5 ten"e" to (ac-
"etai( an" exp(anation3 $ust a /e. can"i"ates =pro*e" the resu(t +% *eri/%in0 that it .or-e"
/or particu(ar *a(ues o/ a5 r an" n3 So(utions to part 1+2 .ere usua((% *er% 0oo"5 a(thou0h in a
/e. cases metho"s .ere not sho.n or .ere insu//icient(% c(ear to .arrant /u(( mar-s3
9ccasiona((% the /ourth an" secon" terms .ere =su+tracte" rather than "i*i"e" to 0i*e
2
r
@ 3 1308 @ 13923 !part /rom the occasiona( .ron0 /ormu(a5 the sum to in/init% .as
usua((% /oun" correct(%5 so man% can"i"ates score" /u(( mar-s in parts 1+2 an" 1c23
/uestion 3
<here .ere man% exce((ent so(utions to this ;uestion3 4n part 1a25 the *ast ma,orit% o/
can"i"ates so(*e" the simu(taneous e;uations con/i"ent(% to /in" the coor"inates o/ A an" B5
+ut ta+(es o/ *a(ues an" =tria( an" error .ere occasiona((% emp(o%e"3 ! /e. can"i"ates
so(*e" 6x
2
x 3 @ 05 0i*in0 the intersections o/ the cur*e .ith the xAaxis5 an" sometimes5
.here the% un"erstoo" .hat the% ha" /oun"5 the% procee"e" to pro"uce unnecessari(%
comp(icate" 1an" usua((% inaccurate2 metho"s to /in" the area in part 1+23 !part /rom this5
ho.e*er5 inte0ration techni;ues in part 1+2 .ere .e(( han"(e" an" the area +et.een the cur*e
an" the xAaxis correct(% /oun"3 Some stoppe" here an" 0a*e the ans.er 155 +ut most rea(ise"
4
the nee" to su+tract the area o/ the trape>ium3 ! (ess popu(ar +ut e;ua((% success/u( approach
.as to su+tract /irst5 0i*in0 16x
2
x 32 1x ? 12 @ 5x
2
x 45 an" then to inte0rate3
!(thou0h arithmetic s(ips .ere not uncommon5 those can"i"ates .hose metho" .as soun"
o/ten o+taine" the correct ans.er 435 /or the area +oun"e" +% the (ine an" the cur*e3
5
P!E MA"#EMA"ICS M$%&E 2
S(&&A)S **+2
1Maximum mar-# 752
Introduction
<here .as some e*i"ence that the paper .as a (itt(e too (on0 an" a num+er o/ can"i"ates
/ai(e" to comp(ete ;uestion 9 a(thou0h in some instances this ma% ha*e +een "ue to its
"i//icu(t%3 <here .ere a(so a num+er o/ p(aces in the paper .here the a(0e+raic "eman"s .ere
;uite hi0h 1;uestions 21+2 an" 91a B +22 an" these /actors .ere ta-en into account "urin0 the
mar-in0 process an" at the /ina( a.ar"3 <he paper .as ;uite accessi+(e thou0h an" most
can"i"ates ma"e 0oo" pro0ress .ith ;uestions 15 55 71a B c25 81a B c2 an" 91c23 <here .ere
a(so man% c(ear an" care/u( attempts to some o/ the proo/ ;uestions such as 61a2 an" 81a23
Most can"i"ates seeme" to ha*e co*ere" a(( the materia( /or this unit5 a(thou0h there .ere /e.
scorin0 *er% hi0h mar-s5 +ut a /e. can"i"ates .ere i(( prepare" /or the examination at this
sta0e3
/uestion '
<his pro*e" to +e a 0oo" /irst ;uestion an" most o/ the can"i"ates app(ie" the trape>ium ru(e
correct(% a(thou0h a num+er (ost the /ina( mar- /or /ai(in0 to 0i*e their ans.er to an
appropriate "e0ree o/ accurac%3 4/ the "ata is on(% 0i*en to 3 "ecima( p(aces then an ans.er to
4 or more "ecima( p(aces is not appropriate3 ! /e. can"i"ates .or-e" in "e0rees6 the% c(ear(%
ha" not chec-e" their metho" a0ainst the *a(ues 0i*en in the ta+(e an" a(thou0h some mar-s
/or /o((o. throu0h cou(" +e score" in part 1+2 it sti(( pro*e" a cost(% error3
/uestion 2
7are/u( an" accurate app(ication o/ the (a.s o/ (o0arithms .as re;uire" here an" man%
can"i"ates .ere /oun" .antin03 <he +ase q .as an a(0e+raic "eman" too /ar /or some .ho
trie" to chan0e to +ase 105 +ut those .ho sa. that 16 @
4
2
usua((% mana0e" to ans.er part 1a2
success/u((%3 4n part 1+2 o/ those .ho mana0e" the sp(it into
q
q q
(o0 8 (o0 +
/e. 0ot /urther
than
1 8 (o0 +
q 3
/uestion 0
<he correct shape /or y @ /1x2 .as usua((% "ra.n thou0h the coor"inates o/ the points .here
the 0raph cuts the axes .ere o/ten missin0 or incorrect3 S-etchin0 y @ /12x2 pro*e" more
"i//icu(t .ith man% "ra.in0 y @ 2/1x2 instea"3 So(*in0 the mo"u(us e;uation a(so cause"
pro+(ems6 man% .ere a+(e to /in" a @ 6 +ut o/ten the% cou(" not procee" to /in" a suita+(e
simp(e (inear e;uation to o+tain the *a(ue a @ 103
/uestion 1
<his ;uestion .as ans.ere" .e((3 <he ma,orit% o/ the can"i"ates use" the correct /ormu(a /or
the *o(ume o/ the so(i"3 <here .ere some mista-es in the s;uarin0 o/ /1x2 an" others .ere
una+(e to inte0rate
4
4
x
6
4
(n x .as a common error3 4n 0enera( the (imits .ere app(ie"
6
correct(% +ut a (ar0e num+er o/ can"i"ates (ost the /ina( mar- /or /ai(in0 to .rite 4 (n 2
as (n163
/uestion 2
<his ;uestion .as tac-(e" .e(( +% *irtua((% a(( o/ the can"i"ates3 <he numerica( parts .ere
near(% a(.a%s correct an" the comment in part 1a2 .as usua((% c(ear an" appropriate3 4n part
1+2 *er% /e. /u((% appreciate" the nee" to esta+(ish a chan0e o/ si0n +et.een the 5th an" 6th
terms in or"er to esta+(ish that the popu(ation "ie" out "urin0 the sixth %ear6 comments seen
.ere not precise enou0h3
/uestion *
Most can"i"ates use" the correct i"entities /or sin 2x an" cos 2x an"5 apart /rom occasiona(
si0n errors5 part 1a2 .as o/ten ans.ere" .e((3 )e. can"i"ates ma"e the connection .ith part
1a2 to so(*e the e;uation in part 1+2 +ut those .ho o+taine"
2
1
2 sin = usua((% mana0e" to
comp(ete the ;uestion3 ! /ai(ure to use +rac-ets an" poor processin0 o/ "ou+(e ne0ati*es .ere
/re;uent(% seen in this ;uestion3
/uestion +
Part 1a2 .as main(% ans.ere" .e(( .ith most can"i"ates /in"in0 2 1 / x
+ut a surprisin0(%
(ar0e num+er not usin0
2 0 1 /
/or the 0ra"ient o/ the tan0ent5 instea" the% use"
2 1 / x
3
7orrect ans.ers to part 1+2 on the other han" .ere rare3 Some set
0 2 1 / = x
an" others trie" a
numerica( approach6 e*en those .ho "i" start .ith 0 2 1 / = x .ere o/ten una+(e to procee"
+e%on"
x
x e 2
2
1
= 3 Part 1c2 .as usua((% ans.ere" correct(% a(thou0h a /e. can"i"ates
e*a(uate" ( )
n n
x x 4 (n as 4 (n 3
/uestion 3
Parts 1a2 an" 1c2 .ere ans.ere" .e(( .ith man% care/u( so(utions to part 1a2 that c(ear(%
exp(aine" each step o/ the .or-in03 ! num+er o/ can"i"ates "i" (ose the /ina( mar- in part 1c2
thou0h /or /ai(in0 to 0i*e the ans.er in the /orm =
2 1 /
1
x as "irecte"3 '% contrast parts 1+2
an" 1"2 .ere se("om correct .ith poor use o/ notation an" (itt(e si0n o/ an% metho"3
/uestion 4
<he /irst t.o parts o/ this ;uestion .ere not ans.ere" .e((3 Man% can"i"ates .ere una+(e to
express
r
n
correct(% in terms o/ /actoria(s an" mista-es in po.ers o/ k .ere o/ten seen3
Part 1c2 thou0h pro*e" more strai0ht/or.ar"6 the can"i"ates .ere a+(e to use the *a(ues /or n
an" k 0i*en in the ;uestion an" man% correct expansions .ere seen3 9ccasiona((% /ractions
.ere not 0i*en in their (o.est terms or "ecima(s .ere use" +ut the (ar0e num+er o/ success/u(
responses to this part o/ the ;uestion su00este" that the "i//icu(ties encountere" in the /irst
t.o parts .ere not entire(% "ue to a shorta0e o/ time3
7
8
S(&&A)S **+0
1Maximum mar-# 752
Introduction
<here .as consi"era+(e e*i"ence on man% scripts that this paper .as too (on03 4t .as "i//icu(t
to "eci"e .hether Cuestion 85 in particu(ar5 .as too "i//icu(t or ,ust too much o*era((3 Man%
omitte" this ;uestion or on(% attempte" part 1a2 an" it carrie" 20D o/ the mar-s on this paper3
!s mar-s .ere /air(% easi(% earne" ear(% in the paper .here ;uestions .ere time consumin0
+ut /air5 most stu"ents score" a reasona+(e tota( +ut on(% the *er% +est earne" in excess o/
75D o/ the tota( mar-3 <here .ere *er% /e. misrea"s an" most o/ the entr% tac-(e" ;uestions
in the or"er as set3 <ranscript errors .ere /re;uent5 particu(ar(% occurrin0 .hen pa0es .ere
turne" o*er6 this a0ain perhaps su00este" that stu"ents /oun" the nee" to rush a0ainst time3
/uestion '
<his pro*e" to +e a /rien"(% starter in .hich man% stu"ents score" /u(( mar-s3 <hose .ho
e*a(uate" 2 1 /
2
1
ma"e some arithmetica( s(ips +ut5 in 0enera(5 the% .ere more success/u(
than those usin0 (on0 "i*ision3 9*era(( *er% /e. e*a(uate" 2 1 /
2
1
.hich sho.e" that the
entr% ha" (earne" the remain"er theorem *er% .e((3
/uestion 2
<hose .ith con/i"ent -no.(e"0e o/ the ;uotient ru(e /or "i//erentiation /are" rea((% .e(( an"
se("om score" (ess than /u(( mar-s3 7an"i"ates must appreciate ho.e*er that a proo/ re;uires
each (o0ica( sta0e to +e sho.n3 9mission o/ such steps .i(( a(.a%s incur a pena(t%3 <hose
tr%in0 the pro"uct ru(e o/ "i//erentiation on 1sin x2 1cos x2
1
.ere (ess success/u( in the
main3
/uestion 0
4n part 1a2 the *a(ues o/ A an" B .ere o+taine" .ith 0reat assurance an" on(% in/re;uent
care(essness3 4n part 1+2 the expansion o/ 11 E 2x2
1
pro*e" to +e easier5 as expecte"5 than
( )
1
1
2
1
2
1
2

+ = +
x
x .ith /re;uent errors occurrin0 in +oth the outsi"e constant an" risin0
po.ers o/
2
x
3 Man% 0oo" so(utions .ere seen5 inc(u"in0 the con/i"ent use o/ +rac-ets5 +ut
the ;uestion o*era(( .as timeAconsumin0 /or most3
9
/uestion 1
!n e;uation /or the circ(e .as .e(( -no.n5 the most popu(ar +ein0 1x E 32
2
? 1y E 42
2
@ 185
a(thou0h some persiste" in mo*in0 to the expan"e" /orm usin0 /ormu(ae such as centre is
105 /2 an" c / 0 ra"ius
2 2 2
+ = 3 <hese o/ten incurre" unnecessar% errors3 <he resu(tin0
P1 .or- o/ the remain"er o/ the ;uestion .as o/ten .e(( "one +ut at 0reat (en0th3 8ot a((
stu"ents .ere c(ear a+out =sur" /orm an" intro"uce" "ecima(s .hich cost them *a(ua+(e
mar-s3 Fnsimp(i/ie"5 unti"% sur" ans.ers .ere a(so pre*a(ent an" stu"ents shou(" appreciate5
at this (e*e(5 that a simp(i/ie" /orm such as 2 ? G8 is re;uire"5 not
2
32 4 +
or such (i-e /or
the /ina( ans.er3
/uestion 2
Man% stu"ents .ere a+(e to pro"uce the stan"ar" .or- re;uire" in parts 1a2 an" 1+2 .ith
c(arit% an" assurance3 &oo" so(utions sa"(% .ere *er% much =centre "epen"ent here3 Man%
a+(e stu"ents .ho .ere (ess con*ersant .ith the +oo-.or- than the% shou(" ha*e +een cou("
ma-e a ne. start in parts 1c2 an" 1"2 .hich .ere .e(( ans.ere" 0enera((%5 a(thou0h not a((
chose a suita+(e "e0ree o/ accurac% /or their ans.er3
/uestion *
Part 1a2 .as *er% .e(( ans.ere" in the main3 4n part 1+2 common errors arose .ith an0(e AOB
an" the supp(ement o/ an0(e OAB more o/ten use"3 4t .as re(ati*e(% rare to /in" a comp(ete(%
correct so(ution3 Part 1c2 unsett(e" man% stu"ents .ho cou(" not construct a comp(ete proo/3
<he *ersion 0i*en in the mar- scheme occurre" on(% *er% in/re;uent(%3 Most resorte" to usin0
an e;uation /or AB such as r @ 4i ? 85 E k ? t13i ? 65 ? 6k2 an" then e;uatin0 this to the
*ector Hi ? 2H5 ? 12H E 92k3 <his (on0 metho"5 o/ten incomp(ete +ecause it (ac-e" a
satis/actor% conc(usion5 .as most o/ten seen3 <hose .ho too- t @ H tri*ia(ise" this approach
an" man% a(so "i" this3 Parts 1"2 an" 1e2 .ere o/ten .e(( ans.ere" e*en thou0h man% .ere
thorou0h(% upset +% part 1c23
/uestion +
4nte0ration +% parts .as .e(( -no.n in part 1a2 an" the ma,orit% set up the metho" in the
correct "irection3 <he minorit% .ho chose to ta-e
2
x u = an" x
x
v
(n
"
"
= usua((% 0a*e
themse(*es a pro+(em /rom .hich the% cou(" not extricate themse(*es3 !0ain some stu"ents
i0nore" the instruction to 0i*e their ans.er in an exact /orm3 <his meant that the examiners
.ere (oo-in0 /or
9
26
3 (n 9 or e;ui*a(ent3 Part 1+2 .as not ans.ere" near(% as .e(( as part
1a23 ! si0ni/icant stum+(in0 +(oc- /or man% occurre" at the sta0e .here the% ha" to mo*e
/rom

"
cos
1
2
to
" sec
2
3 Man% others trie" to .or- +oth .a%s .ith the 0i*en

ans.er an" the ori0ina( inte0ra(3 <heir tieAup .as usua((% uncon*incin03
/uestion 3
<his ;uestion teste" at (east parts o/ three "i//erent sections o/ this unit3 <he a(0e+raic
"eman"s in mo*in0 /rom the 0ra"ient to the tan0ent e;uation in part 1a2 pro*e" a ma,or
stum+(in0 +(oc- /or man%3 ! mixture o/ an" .as o/ten part o/ their trou+(e3 4n 1+25 those
.ho 0ot as /ar as appreciatin0 that
" sin
2
.as re;uire" a(most in*aria+(% pro"uce"
soun" in"e/inite inte0ration +ut then app(ie" the (imits incorrect(%3 <his .as a *er% har"
10
earne" /our mar-s3 Ier% /e. attempts .ere recei*e" at parts 1c2 an" 1"2 +ut some *er% a+(e
can"i"ates 1*er% much a minorit%2 .ent on to comp(ete the paper an" a(( the ;uestions3 <he%
ha*e a +ri0ht /uture mathematica((% an" "eser*e .arm commen"ation3
11
S(&&A)S **+1
1Maximum mar-# 752
Introduction
<his paper co*ere" the s%((a+us thorou0h(% an" man% o/ the can"i"ates achie*e" *er% hi0h
mar-s5 "emonstratin0 that the% .ere .e(( prepare" in the techni;ues re;uire" at this (e*e(3
<he ;uestions .hich teste" proo/5 an" thus re;uire" exp(anation5 .ere /oun" most "i//icu(t5
an" ;uestion 81"2 pro*i"e" a 0oo" "iscriminator at the en" o/ the paper3 Most o/ the
can"i"ates /inishe" the paper an" there .as (itt(e e*i"ence o/ (ac- o/ time5 except possi+(% in
so(utions to ;uestion 81"2 .here5 in man% cases5 there .as insu//icient thou0ht a+out the
metho" o/ so(ution3
/uestion '
<his ;uestion pro*i"e" a 0oo" start /or man% can"i"ates5 .ho o/ten 0aine" a(( /i*e mar-s3
Most rearran0e" the /ormu(a to 0i*e
i 8 6
=
z
w an" then procee"e" to use the con,u0ate o/
the "enominator to /in" the correct ans.er3 ! num+er o/ can"i"ates misrea" part 1+2 an"
/oun" the ar0ument o/ w instea" o/ the ar0ument o/ z3 <he% 0aine" one o/ the possi+(e t.o
mar-s3
/uestion 2
<his ;uestion .as a(so ans.ere" .e((5 .hich in"icate" the ca(i+re o/ the can"i"ature3 Most
"re. a s-etch5 an" then use" this to /in" the critica( *a(ue +% so(*in0 the e;uation
1 6 1 = x x 3 <he% then usua((% /oun" the correct ans.er3 7an"i"ates .ho trie" a so(e(%
a(0e+raic approach o/ten /ai(e" to rea(ise that /or
1 6 1 5 1 > > x x x
has no so(utions3
/uestion 0
!(most a(( the can"i"ates ans.ere" part 1a2 correct(% an" *er% /e. omitte" to use
=n 1
3
Part 1+2 .as /oun" more "i//icu(t ho.e*er3 7an"i"ates nee"e" to state that the sum consi"ere"
in part 1a2 .as a positi*e inte0er an" thus the expression n1n E 1212n ? 52 .as six times a
positi*e inte0er an" thus a mu(tip(e o/ six3
/uestion 1
!0ain the can"i"ates ha" pro+(ems expressin0 themse(*es in part 1a25 .here a resu(t ha" to +e
sho.n3 <he +est so(utions state" that the e;uation
0 2 1 / = x
ha" no rea( so(utions an" thus
there .ere no turnin0 points5 .hich imp(ie" that the cur*e .as stea"i(% increasin0 an" that
there .ere no /urther points .here y @ /1x2 crosses the x-axis3 <hus .as the on(% rea( root o/
the e;uation /1x2 @ 03 Part 1+2 .as ans.ere" .e((5 +ut in part 1c2 a(thou0h most un"erstoo" the
metho" o/ chan0e o/ si0n5 the conc(usion .as /re;uent(% omitte"3 Some attempte" part 1c2 +%
continue" app(ication o/ 8e.tonARaphson +ut "i" not ma-e it c(ear that the se;uence .as
con*er0in0 in such a .a% that it .ou(" con*er0e to their ans.er to 3 si0ni/icant /i0ures3
/uestion 2
12
<his ;uestion .as "one .e((3 <he most success/u( metho"s in*o(*e" sum an" pro"uct o/ roots
in 1a21ii25 an" the pro"uct 2 1 21 5 4 1
2
+ z z z in part 1+23 7an"i"ates .ho attempte" to
"i*i"e 5
2 3
+ + nz mz z +% 5 4
2
+ z z .ere o/ten "e/eate" +% the resu(tin0 a(0e+ra3
/uestion *
<his .as "one .e(( an" man% can"i"ates score" /u(( mar-s /or this ;uestion3 ! common error
.as to use the .ron0 inte0ratin0 /actor in part 1a2 an" to misuse the +rac-ets .hen e*a(uatin0
the constant in part 1+23
/uestion +
4n part 1a2 some can"i"ates .or-e" .ith J:S @ R:S sho.in0
x x
e e = or 1 @ 1 or 0 @ 03 4n
part 1+2 man% .aste" consi"era+(e time +% /ai(in0 to reco0nise the si0ni/icance o/ part 1a25 an"
there/ore startin0 a0ain .ith testin0
x
k y e = or
x
kx y e = or
x
kx y e
2
= or t.o or a(( three
o/ these /unctions as the particu(ar inte0ra(3 <he ;uestion .as 0enera((% "one .e(( ho.e*er
.ith man% 0ettin0 it comp(ete(% correct3
/uestion 3
<he stan"ar" o/ "ia0rams in part 1a2 .as poor3 Man% "i" not reco0nise the e;uation o/ a circ(e
an" the car"ioi"s .ere /re;uent(% incomp(ete3 <he (a+e((in0 .as ina"e;uate5 an" the a .as
/re;uent(% omitte"3 Parts 1+2 an" 1c2 .ere "one .e(( an" a0ain re/(ecte" the ;ua(it% o/ the
entr%3 Part 1"2 .as not "one as .e((3 <here .as some con/usion a+out .hich area .as
re;uire" an" man% mere(% su+tracte" the 0i*en area /rom the one .hich the% ha" /oun" in
part 1c23 <here .ere some (on0 metho"s5 in*o(*in0 inte0ration5 to /in" the area o/ the circ(e
1possi+(% +ecause the /i0ure .as not reco0nise" as a circ(e23 Man% .ho use" their ans.er to
part 1c2 to0ether .ith
3
0
2 2
2
1
" cos 9
a
achie*e" the printe" ans.er more easi(% than those
usin0 the su00este" metho"3
13
MEC#A6ICS M$%&E '
S(&&A)S **++
1Maximum mar-# 752
Introduction
<he paper pro*e" to +e accessi+(e to the ma,orit% o/ can"i"ates5 .ith most /in"in0 enou0h on
the paper to score reasona+(% .e((3 <here .as no e*i"ence that the paper .as too (on05 an"
can"i"ates appeare" to ha*e enou0h time to "o .hat the% cou(" on the paper3 Most ma"e
some attempt at a(( the ;uestions5 an" there .as no ;uestion .hich .as common(% omitte"3
<he points .here .ea-er can"i"ates appeare" to stru00(e .ere in the (ater parts o/ the /ina(
;uestions3 !n% =/ormu(ae that .ere nee"e" .ere 0enera((% ;uote" correct(%5 thou0h
sometimes mista-es occurre" in the su+se;uent su+stitution3 4t .as p(easin0 to note that
can"i"ates "i" 0enera((% use their ca(cu(ators sensi+(% an"5 in cases .here the accurac% o/ an
ans.er .as not speci/ie"5 "i" 0i*e their ans.ers suita+(% roun"e" 1e303 in ;uestions usin0 g5
this in*o(*e" 0i*in0 their ans.ers to no more than 3 si0ni/icant /i0ures23 Se*era( can"i"ates
are sti(( not o+e%in0 the instruction to /i(( in the ;uestions the% ha*e attempte" in the +ox on
the /ront o/ the ans.er +oo-(et5 an" centres are stron0(% ur0e" to ensure that can"i"ates "o
this3
/uestion '
!(most a(( can"i"ates rea(ise" that the% ha" to /in" the chan0e in the momentum o/ the +a((5
+ut the ma,orit% /ai(e" to a((o. /or the chan0e in the "irection o/ the +a(( an" simp(% ;uote" a
=/ormu(a o/ =m* E mu /or the impu(se .ithout a((o.in0 /or the chan0e in si0n re;uire"3
/uestion 2
Part 1a2 .as 0enera((% .e(( "one .ith most can"i"ates 0ainin0 /u(( mar-s here3 4n part 1+2 the
/a*ourite approach .as to /in" the "ece(eration o/ the truc- /irst5 instea" o/ usin0 the impu(seA
momentum e;uation "irect(%3 ! /air num+er o/ /u((% correct so(utions .ere seen5 thou0h there
.as a(so a num+er o/ s(ips in the .or-in05 as .e(( as some s(oppiness in the use o/ si0ns5 .ith
minus si0ns appearin0 an" "isappearin0 rather too easi(% /or com/ort3
/uestion 0
<his pro*e" to +e a 0oo" source o/ mar-s /or man% can"i"ates .ith se*era( /u((% correct
so(utions 0i*en3 4/ mista-es "i" occur5 the% ten"e" to +e in part 1c25 .ith some assumin0 that
ha(/ the "istance .as co*ere" in ha(/ the time3 &enera((% the /ormu(ae /or constant
acce(eration .ere .e(( -no.n an" ;uote" accurate(%3 8ear(% a(( a(so roun"e" their ans.ers as
re;ueste"3
/uestion 1
<he s-etch o/ the spee"Atime 0raphs ten"e" to +e rather hapha>ar"3 Most cou(" "ra. the
correct shape /or the *an or the scooter5 +ut /e. /u((% appreciate" ho. the 0raphs /or +oth
.ou(" re(ate to each other 1i3e3 +% crossin023 !(so the in"ication o/ the 40 s time inter*a( on
the 0raph .as o/ten .ron05 man% assumin0 that this .as the tota( time /or .hich the scooter
ha" +een tra*e((in03 <his (ast mista-e then (e" to errors in parts 1+2 an" 1c23 Most rea(ise" that
the% ha" to set up an" so(*e e;uations in*o(*in0 the areas un"er the t.o 0raphs +ein0 8506 +ut
correct e;uations .ere hea*i(% "epen"ent on a correct 0raphK
14
/uestion 2
<he "ia0ram .as correct(% "ra.n +% man%5 +ut a si0ni/icant num+er omitte" the .ei0ht o/ the
0ir"er5 or a""e" extra reaction /orces at each en"3 <he moments e;uations .ere 0enera((%
0oo"3 4ne*ita+(% some errors in the processin0 occurre" at times5 +ut 0enera((% can"i"ates
.ere a"optin0 a correct approach3 !s in a(( these ;uestions5 some ma"e thin0s more "i//icu(t
/or themse(*es +% not choosin0 the +est point to ta-e moments a+out5 thus (an"in0 themse(*es
.ith ha*in0 to so(*e a pair o/ simu(taneous e;uations3 <here .as a(so a consi"era+(e num+er
o/ can"i"ates .ho con/use" mass an" .ei0ht in this ;uestion an" ha" ans.ers .hich .ere a((
mu(tip(ie" +% g3
/uestion *
<he use o/ *ectors .as han"(e" con/i"ent(% +% man% can"i"ates an" it .as p(easin0 to see this
con/i"ence exhi+ite"3 4n part 1+2 a common mista-e .as to /in" the an0(e +et.een 7 an" E55
rather than .ith 53 4n part 1"2 it .as "isappointin0 to see ;uite a num+er o/ can"i"ates thin-in0
that the% cou(" "o this part .ithout usin0 *ectors at a(( 1an" usin0 constant acce(eration
e;uations /or motion in a strai0ht (ine25 i3e3 usin0 v @ u ? at5 instea" o/ the *ector e;uation
- @ u ? at3 ! num+er .ho "i" the *ector .or- success/u((% (e/t their ans.ers as the *e(ocit%
*ector5 apparent(% una.are o/ the "i//erence +et.een =*e(ocit% an" =spee"3
/uestion +
Parts 1a2 an" 1+2 .ere 0enera((% .e(( "one5 .ith rather /e.er can"i"ates simp(% assumin0 that
=R @ mg3 Se*era( /u((% correct so(utions .ere thus seen3 :o.e*er5 in part 1c25 *er% /e.
con*incin0 exp(anations .ere 0i*en3 Scarce(% an%one appreciate"5 an" exp(icit(% state"5 that a
re"uction in the norma( reaction .ou(" (ea" to a re"uction in the maximum /rictiona( /orce3
Some o/ the success/u( can"i"ates here ma"e more .or- /or themse(*es +% "oin0 more
ca(cu(ations an" sho.in0 that the hori>onta( /orces "i" not +a(ance3
/uestion 3
!ns.ers to this ;uestion .ere rather "isappointin03 !(thou0h set in a re(ati*e(% stan"ar"
/ormat5 /u((% correct so(utions to a(( parts .ere rare(% seen3 Some cou(" not e*en set up the
initia( e;uations correct(% .ith the correct /orces 1e303 the .ei0ht o/ P5 instea" o/ the /riction
actin0 on P5 .as sometimes use"23 4n so(*in0 the e;uations5 a(0e+ra .as at times poor .ith
(etters i((e0itimate(% =cance((e" 1an" then sometimes reintro"uce" at the en"K23 7an"i"ates
must +e prepare" to use a(0e+ra in ;uestions at this (e*e(3 Part 1"2 .as rare(% so(*e" correct(%3
Presentation .as o/ten *er% poor +ut some =ca(cu(ations per/orme" in a ,um+(e" mass o/
.or-in0 +ut (itt(e i/ an% exp(anation o/ .hat .as +ein0 attempte" or .h%3 )e. rea(ise" that
the% nee"e" to /in" a ne. acce(eration /or P in the perio" a/ter Q hits the 0roun"3
15
MEC#A6ICS M$%&E 2
S(&&A)S **+3
1Maximum mar-# 752
Introduction
<his paper pro*e" accessi+(e to the ma,orit% o/ can"i"ates an" poor scripts5 0ainin0 (ess than
oneAthir" o/ the a*ai(a+(e mar-s5 .ere uncommon3 <he ma,orit% o/ can"i"ates .ho too- the
paper .ere .e(( prepare"5 sho.in0 -no.(e"0e o/ a(( o/ the main topics o/ the s%((a+us an" a
su//icient 0rasp o/ /orma( a(0e+ra to so(*e pro+(ems e//icient(%3 ! 0reat ma,orit% o/ the
can"i"ates .ere a+(e to attempt a(( se*en ;uestions <he stan"ar" o/ presentation .as
0enera((% 0oo" a(thou0h a /e. can"i"ates han"icappe" themse(*es +% not "ra.in0 c(ear(%
(a+e((e" "ia0rams3 4t is particu(ar(% "i//icu(t /or examiners to unra*e( so(utions .here no
"ia0rams are 0i*en an" e;uations are pro"uce" inc(u"in0 a num+er o/ un"e/ine" *aria+(es5 the
meanin0 o/ .hich has to +e 0uesse" +% the examiner3 4t is an !ssessment 9+,ecti*e o/ the
examination that can"i"ates shou(" +e a+(e to 0i*e ans.ers to appropriate accurac%3 Lhen
;uestions in*o(*e a numerica( *a(ue /or g5 ans.ers shou(" +e 0i*en to t.o or three si0ni/icant
/i0ures3 7an"i"ates nee" to +e remin"e" to /o((o. the instructions on the /ront pa0e o/ their
ans.er +oo- an"5 in particu(ar5 to /i(( in the ;uestion num+ers5 in the or"er in .hich the% are
attempte"5 in the +ox on the /ront o/ their ans.er +oo-3
/uestion '
7an"i"ates .ho rea" the ;uestion care/u((% an" reco0nise" that the use o/ the .or-Aener0%
princip(e .as re;uire" usua((% comp(ete" the ;uestion correct(%3 ! minorit% use" 8e.tons
secon" (a. an"5 as this .as a0ainst the con"itions o/ this ;uestion5 this cou(" not 0ain cre"it3
! su+stantia( num+er o/ can"i"ates "i" the ;uestion +oth .a%s5 presuma+(% to chec- their
.or-in03 <his .as5 o/ course5 a.ar"e" /u(( mar-s3
/uestion 2
4n part 1a2 the ma,orit% o/ can"i"ates -ne. the re(ation +et.een po.er an" tracti*e /orce an"
attempte" to app(% this to the pro+(em .ith 8e.tons secon" (a.3 :o.e*er5 there .ere man%
errors o/ "etai(5 /or examp(e5 ma-in0 errors o/ si0n or omittin0 /orces3 Part 1+2 .as +etter "one
an" the ma,orit% cou(" han"(e /orces in e;ui(i+rium in this context3 8ot a((5 ho.e*er5 rea(ise"
that at a constant spee" there is no acce(eration an" the acce(eration /rom part 1a2 sometimes
appeare" in e;uations3 <he expecte" ans.er to part 1c2 .as that the resistance .as (i-e(% to
increase .ith spee" an" this .as reco0nise" +% the ma,orit%3 ! su+stantia( minorit% thou0ht
that there ha" +een no consi"eration o/ air resistance a(thou0h5 as a nonA0ra*itationa( /orce5
this .ou(" ha*e +een inc(u"e" in the mo"e(3 <he su00estion that 0ra*itationa( /orce ha" +een
omitte" .as a(so sometimes 0i*en5 o/ten +% can"i"ates .ho c(ear(% ha" inc(u"e" g in their
e;uations3
/uestion 0
<his ;uestion .as *er% .e(( "one an"5 a(thou0h there .ere some errors o/ "etai(5 comp(ete(%
or su+stantia((% correct so(utions .ere /re;uent(% o+taine"3 4n part 1a25 a /e. can"i"ates "i"
not rea(ise that ca(cu(us .as in*o(*e" an" a /e.5 on o+tainin0 7 @ 336i ? 13855 stoppe"5 not
procee"in0 to /in" the ma0nitu"e o/ 73 Ier% /e. errors o/ princip(e .ere seen in part 1+23
16
/uestion 1
4n part 1a25 most can"i"ates cou(" o+tain the resu(t o/ten usin0 the printe" ans.er as a 0ui"e3
<here .as ho.e*er much inconsistent use o/ the constant a in the ;uestion an" /u(( mar-s can
on(% +e o+taine" i/ the e;uations use" are consistent a(0e+raica((%3 <he use o/ mass ratios5 /or
examp(es5
2 2 2
48 # 4 # 44 a a a or5 e*en5 11#1#125 are accepta+(e an" re/erence nee" not +e
ma"e to "ensit%3 :o.e*er5 a0ain5 the usa0e must +e consistent3 <hose .ho use" the resu(t in
part 1a2 to so(*e part 1+2 usua((% comp(ete" the ;uestion ;uic-(%3 <he commonest metho" .as
to ta-e moments a+out AB +ut some *er% neat so(utions .ere seen .hich too- moments a+out
YZ3 Man% can"i"ates ho.e*er e//ecti*e(% starte" a(( o*er a0ain3 <his pro*e" *er% "i//icu(t an"
/e. .ere a+(e to reconci(e the areas5
2 2
4 5 44 a a an"
2
48a 5 use" in part 1a25 .ith the M an"
kM 0i*en in this part o/ the ;uestion3
/uestion 2
<his statics ;uestion .as +etter "one than man% in*o(*in0 moments in the recent past3 <he
structure o/ the ;uestion possi+(% he(pe" in /orcin0 can"i"ates to consi"er the reaction at the
.a((5 a /orce that is o/ten omitte" in tac-(in0 this t%pe o/ ;uestion3 <he main pro+(em in part
1a2 .as that man% can"i"ates "i" not reco0nise that the *aria+(e W 0i*en in the ;uestion .as a
.ei0ht an" treate" it as a mass3 <he resu(tin0 Wg an" 2Wg (e" to "imensiona( inconsistenc% in
the ;uestion an"5 un(ess the% correcte" their .or- at some (ater sta0e5 such can"i"ates .ere
una+(e to 0ain more than ei0ht mar-s out o/ t.e(*e on this ;uestion3 :o.e*er in part 1a2
a(most a(( can"i"ates use" the correct metho" o/ ta-in0 moments a+out A3 ! *ariet% o/
metho"s .ere popu(ar in part 1+23 <he ;uic-est metho" is to ta-e moments a+out B5 ho.e*er
the commonest metho" seen .as to reso(*e *ertica((% an" use the resu(t in part 1a2 to o+tain
a x
3
2
= 3 Some can"i"ates /oun" the exce((ent strate0% o/ usin0 *ertica( reso(ution to sho.
that the tension is W
18
55
an" then usin0 the resu(t in part 1a23 <his (ea"s to a (on0er so(ution
in part 1+2 +ut 0i*es a *er% ;uic- so(ution to part 1c23 4n a(( metho"s5 reso(*in0 hori>onta((% /or
the ro" 0i*es the resu(t to part 1c23
/uestion *
<he princip(es o/ this ;uestion .ere .e(( un"erstoo" an"5 apart /rom a *er% /e. can"i"ates
.ho ;uote" 8e.tons Experimenta( Ja. incorrect(%5 the so(ution to part 1a2 .as usua((%
correct3 :o.e*er part 1+2 pro*e" *er% "eman"in03 4t .as /re;uent(% reco0nise" that the spee"
o/ P nee"e" to +e /oun" +ut on(% a minorit% o/ can"i"ates reco0nise" that the "irection o/
motion o/ P .as unchan0e" an" that this 0i*es an ine;ua(it% in e3 4t .as commoner to
attempt to use the propert% that the *e(ocit% o/ P cannot +e more than the *e(ocit% o/ Q3 <his
is true /or a(( co((isions an" so can 0i*e no /urther in/ormation3 4n part 1c2 some can"i"ates
incorrect(% consi"ere" on(% one partic(e3 <he ma,orit% o/ can"i"ates un"erstoo" the princip(es
in*o(*e" in ans.erin0 this part +ut there .ere man% errors o/ "etai(3 4t .as common to
o*er(oo- that the mass o/ one o/ the partic(es .as 2m an" not m3 !(so some /ai(e" to
su+stitute
4
1
= e into their expressions3 !nother common /au(t .as that a(0e+raic expressions
+ecame e;uations an" either or +oth o/ m an"
2
u .ere incorrect(% cance((e"3 4n part 1"2 the
usua( response .as to re/er to the possi+i(it% o/ ener0% +ein0 (ost +% +ein0 trans/orme" into
heat or soun" ener0%3 <his .as accepte" +ut it is (i-e(% that these .ou(" +e minor e//ects3 <he
possi+i(it% that ener0% .as +ein0 (ost throu0h .or- +ein0 "one +% interna( /orces "urin0 the
compression phase o/ the impact .as rare(% mentione"3 ! /e. 0a*e the incorrect ans.er that
potentia( ener0% must ha*e +een 0aine"3
17
/uestion +
<he /irst t.o parts o/ this ;uestion are stan"ar" an" a(most a(( can"i"ates 0aine" mar-s here3
Some can"i"ates ;uote" stan"ar" resu(ts /or either or +oth o/ parts 1a2 an" 1+23 <his .as
accepta+(e as (on0 as the resu(ts .ere ;uote" correct(%3 Part 1c2 re;uires the use o/
conser*ation o/ (inear momentum3 <his is not a /ami(iar st%(e o/ ;uestion an" it .as
encoura0in0 to note that the ma,orit% o/ can"i"ates use" the correct metho" a(thou0h there
.ere some attempts to use conser*ation o/ ener0%3 Part 1"2 .as "e(i+erate(% cha((en0in0 an"
nee"e" at (east /our steps in the ca(cu(ation an" the use o/ the ans.ers to a(( three pre*ious
parts o/ the ;uestion3 8ot a(( can"i"ates .ere a+(e to cope .ith these "eman"s +ut man%
can"i"ates .ere a+(e to ma-e a su+stantia( attempt an" /u(( mar-s /or this part .ere not
in/re;uent(% seen3 9ne common error .as to correct(% ca(cu(ate the hori>onta( "istance
tra*e((e" +% Q a/ter the exp(osion +ut /ai( to su+tract this /rom the hori>onta( "istance
tra*e((e" +e/ore the exp(osion3 9ne mar- .as common(% (ost in this ;uestion /or /ai(in0 to
0i*e a(( ans.ers to t.o or three si0ni/icant /i0ures3

18
MEC#A6ICS M$%&E 0
S(&&A)S **+4
1Maximum mar-# 752
Introduction
<he paper pro*e" to +e *er% accessi+(e .ith the *ast ma,orit% o/ can"i"ates a+(e to comp(ete
the paper .ithin the time a((o.e"3 <he on(% ;uestions .hich seeme" 0enera((% to ha*e cause"
some pro+(ems .ere ;uestion 5 an" the (ast part o/ ;uestion 73 <he stan"ar" o/ .or- .as
0enera((% hi0h .ith c(ear "ia0rams .here appropriate an" c(ear exp(anations an" can"i"ates
seeme" to ha*e +een *er% .e(( prepare" /or the examination3 <here are sti(( man% centres
.hose can"i"ates /ai( to comp(ete the 0ri" on the /ront o/ the ans.er +oo-(et .hich sa%s
.hich ;uestions ha*e +een attempte" an" in .hich or"er3 4n or"er to sa*e examiners a
consi"era+(e amount o/ time it .ou(" he(p/u( i/ centres cou(" ensure that this is "one +% a((
can"i"ates at the en" o/ the examination3
/uestion '
<his pro*e" to +e an eas% starter /or most an" /u(( mar-s .ere o/ten seen3 Most chose to use
8e.tonMs secon" (a. to set up a "i//erentia( e;uation +ut there .ere a /e. .ho use" the
Lor-AEner0% Princip(e3 <hose .ho use" an incorrect "eri*ati*e /or the acce(eration5 e303
v"vN"t5 .ere hea*i(% pena(ise"3
/uestion 2
<he ma,orit% rea(ise" that the +est approach .as to app(% the conser*ation o/ ener0% princip(e
an" score" .e(( on part 1a23 ! sma(( num+er con/use" =instantaneous(% at rest .ith the
e;ui(i+rium position an" score" no mar-s3 <he response to the secon" part .as a (itt(e mixe"
.ith a num+er o/ can"i"ates omittin0 the .ei0ht /rom their e;uation o/ motion3
/uestion 0
<here .ere not man% con*incin0 ans.ers to the /irst part .ith man% simp(% re/errin0 to the
s%mmetr% o/ the situation .hich .as not enou0h3 Part 1+2 .as .e((Aans.ere" .ith most
can"i"ates optin0 to reso(*e hori>onta((% an" *ertica((%5 .ith their so(utions +ac-e" up +%
c(ear /orce "ia0rams3 ! *er% sma(( num+er o/ can"i"ates chose to ans.er this ;uestion
.ithout a "ia0ram at a(( .hich not on(% ma"e thin0s much more "i//icu(t /or the examiners
+ut a(so o/ten (e" to errors +ein0 ma"e3 <he /ina( part pro*e" to +e a 0oo" source o/ mar-s /or
a(( +ut a *er% /e.3
/uestion 1
<he +oo-.or- in part 1a2 .as 0enera((% .e(( "one +ut there .ere a /e. .ho ;uote" resu(ts /or
a (amina an" .ere hea*i(% pena(ise"3 <he most common error in the secon" part .as to en"
up .ith tan @ 135 rather than tan @ 33
19
/uestion 2
)u((% correct so(utions to this ;uestion ten"e" to +e rather rare5 .ith man% reso(*in0
perpen"icu(ar to the p(ane to 0i*e R @ mg cos 5 thus i0norin0 the acce(eration component in
this "irection3 <hese .ere hea*i(% pena(ise"3 9thers .ere con/use" as to the "irection o/ the
/riction /orce3 <hose consi"erin0 the *ertica( an" hori>onta( motion ten"e" to score 9 or 10
mar-s3 <here are a /e. can"i"ates .ho use an ima0inar% out.ar" centri/u0a( /orce to so(*e
these pro+(ems5 a practice the examiners /ee( shou(" +e "iscoura0e"3
/uestion *
<his ten"e" to +e *er% .e((Aans.ere"5 .ith S3:3M3 /ormu(ae .e(( -no.n an" use"
appropriate(%3 <he metho" in the /ina( part .as 0enera((% .e((A-no.n5 +ut a /e. can"i"ates
use" "e0rees rather than ra"ians3
/uestion +
Parts 1a2 an" 1+2 pro*e" to +e a 0oo" source o/ mar-s /or most5 .ith 0oo" "ia0rams an" c(ear
exp(anations3 :o.e*er5 there are sti(( a /e. can"i"ates .ho seem to pre/er to re(% on ;uotin0
stan"ar" resu(ts5 particu(ar(% /or the ener0% e;uation5 rather than .or-in0 /rom /irst
princip(es5 an" this is a practice5 at this (e*e(5 .hich shou(" +e "iscoura0e"3 4n the /ina( part
man% consi"ere" the *ertica( 1rather than the easier hori>onta(2 motion5 an" this o/ten (e" to
them (osin0 mar-s in the su+se;uent "i//icu(t manipu(ations3
20
MEC#A6ICS M$%&E 1
S(&&A)S **30
1Maximum mar-# 752
Introduction
<he paper seeme" to +e accessi+(e to a(( +ut a han"/u( o/ can"i"ates5 an" there seeme" to +e
no time pro+(em in comp(etin0 the paper3 <he ma,orit% o/ can"i"ates .ere *er% .e(( prepare"
/or this paper5 an" there .as a (ar0e 0roup o/ exce((ent can"i"ates .ho not on(% sho.e" a
0oo" o*era(( -no.(e"0e +ut a(so presente" their so(utions c(ear(%5 an" o/ten *er% neat(%3 )e.
can"i"ates score" +e(o. t.ent% mar-s3 <he stan"ar" o/ Pure Mathematics sho.n +% most
can"i"ates .as *er% 0oo" an" this .as re/(ecte" in the hi0h mar-s 0aine" in ;uestions 2 an" 6
in particu(ar3 <he re(ati*e *e(ocit% ;uestions o/ten pro*e" trou+(esome6 surprisin0(% ;uestion
1 pro*e" not to +e a 0oo" starter /or man% can"i"ates an" in ;uestion 4 "ia0rams .ere o/ten
incorrect or unhe(p/u(5 an" there seeme" to +e consi"era+(e con/use" thin-in03 4n ;uestions
.here a 0i*en resu(t is re;uire"5 as in ;uestions 35 55 6 an" 7 on this paper5 can"i"ates shou("
+e a.are that /u(( mar-s .i(( on(% +e 0aine" i/ examiners see su//icient c(ear .or-in0 to
,usti/% the steps in the so(ution3
/uestion '
)or 0oo" can"i"ates this .as a *er% eas%5 short ;uestion to start the paper3 :o.e*er there .as
a surprisin0 num+er o/ can"i"ates .ho score" 0 or 2 mar-s /or the ;uestion3 <hose .ho "re.
a correct "ia0ram o/ten .ere success/u( in part 1a25 +ut in part 1+2 a common ans.er .as
1357 m s
1
5 sho.in0 con/usion +et.een the spee" o/ the s.immer re(ati*e to the .ater an"
resu(tant spee" o/ the s.immer3
/uestion 2
<his .as essentia((% a piece o/ +oo-.or- an" most can"i"ates pro"uce" specimen so(utions3
<here .as the occasiona( si0n error5 or the /actor o/
k
1
+e/ore the (o0arithm omitte" .hen
inte0ratin05 +ut it .as on(% the *er% .ea- can"i"ates .ho "i" not score .e(( here3 <here .as a
si0ni/icant num+er o/ can"i"ates .ho /oun" the 0reatest hei0ht5 rather than the time to reach
the 0reatest hei0ht5 .hich in*o(*es a har"er inte0ra(5 an" this .as treate" as a misrea"3
/uestion 0
4n part 1a2 there .ere man% 0oo" c(ear so(utions +ut there .ere a(so so(utions .here it .as not
c(ear i/ the can"i"ate /u((% un"erstoo" .here a statement came /rom3 )or examp(e# a
can"i"ate .ho ;uite correct(% pro"uces the resu(t tan
u
e = /rom the restitution e;uation

+ut then /inishes +% pro"ucin0 the 0i*en ans.er =
2
tan = e +ecause tan =
u
(ea*es a
(itt(e to +e "esire"3 <he can"i"ate ma% .e(( -no. .h% that statement is correct +ut .ith the
ans.er 0i*en it "oes re;uire some exp(anation3 4n part 1+2 a0ain there .ere 0oo" so(utions +ut
there .ere more errors too3 <he most common error .as to e;uate the impu(se to
m1 sin E u cos 2 +ut a more serious error .as to 0i*e the impu(se as m1 E u25 .here u an"
.ere c(ear(% the spee"s +e/ore an" a/ter the stri-e5 there .as no attempt to .or-
perpen"icu(ar to the p(ane3
21
/uestion 1
7an"i"ates .ho "re. a c(ear an" correct trian0(e o/ *e(ocities5 an" .or-e" .ith *e(ocities5
usua((% in part 1a2 usin0 the sine ru(e to /in" the +earin05 an" then in part 1+2 usin0 the sine
ru(e or cosine ru(e on the .a% to /in"in0 the time5 o/ten score" *er% hi0h(%3 7an"i"ates .ho
.or-e" .ith "isp(acements 1the mar- scheme sho.s t.o o/ the *ariations2 o/ten ha" more
"i//icu(t e;uations to so(*e an"5 a(thou0h there .ere some exce((ent so(utions seen5 some
can"i"ates .ere not a+(e to comp(ete their =,ourne%s3 Lhiche*er route is ta-en the *a(ue o/ a
0oo" c(ear "ia0ram cannot +e un"erAestimate"5 an" some can"i"ates "i" not ma-e it eas% /or
themse(*es .ith their =s-etches3
/uestion 2
<he /irst part .as 0enera((% .e(( "one5 .ith most can"i"ates a.are o/ the mechanica(
princip(es in*o(*e"5 a(thou0h ;uite a /e. can"i"ates "i" not rea(ise that sphere ! mo*e" o//
a(on0 the (ine o/ centres an" hence S ha" no *e(ocit% component in that "irection6 e*en some
.ho "i" rea(ise it ha" S mo*in0 at an an0(e 1 902 to the (ine o/ centres an" hence ha" too
man% *aria+(es in their e;uations3 Part 1+2 pro*e" more taxin0 /or man% can"i"ates6 the
commonest mista-e o/ those can"i"ates .ho5 a(thou0h ha*in0 a correct strate0% "i" not /in"
the correct *a(ue o/ 5 .as to use
2
2
1
mv instea" o/
2
2
1
kmv /or the -inetic ener0% o/ ! a/ter
the co((ision3 4t .as not uncommon to see the conser*ation o/ ener0% e;uation app(ie" a(on0
the (ine o/ centres on(%6 the resu(tin0 e;uation shou(" ha*e soun"e" some a(arm +e((sK
/uestion *
<his ;uestion pro*e" to +e a rich source o/ mar-s /or most can"i"ates6 e*en the a*era0e
can"i"ate ten"e" to score hi0h(%3 8ear(% a(( can"i"ates 0aine" some mar-s in part 1a2 an" in
part 1+2 a (ar0e proportion o/ can"i"ates 0aine" a(( ei0ht mar-s3 <he 0raph .as o/ten correct
a(thou0h the c(assic "ampe" harmonic 0raph occurre" /re;uent(%5 c(ear(% "ra.n .ithout
re/erence to the so(ution in part 1+23
/uestion +
4t .as 0oo" to see a (ar0e num+er o/ su+stantia((% correct so(utions /or the /ina( ;uestion as
there .ere se*era( points at .hich mar-s cou(" easi(% +e (ost3 4n part 1a2 some can"i"ates
incorrect(% measure" the 0ra*itationa( potentia( ener0% /rom the (e*e( o/ B5 some simp(i/ie"
the pro+(em +% ha*in0 the strin0 at ri0ht an0(es to the ro"5 an" /or some the a(0e+ra pro*e"
trou+(esome3 4n part 1+2 most can"i"ates -ne. .hat .as re;uire" an" man% "i//erentiate"
correct(%3 7an"i"ates .ho ma"e a si0n error5 so that the% .ere re;uire" to so(*e

2 2 cos 4 5 1 =
5 o/ten pro"uce" the correct ans.er5 +ut this is5 o/ course5 suspect3 <he
most common (oss o/ one mar- .as /or either (osin0 the so(utions o/ sin @ 05 or to 0i*e on(%
0 as a so(ution to that e;uation3

22
S"A"IS"ICS M$%&E '
S(&&A)S **30
1Maximum mar-# 752
Introduction
<he e*i"ence /rom the scripts sho.e" that the can"i"ates .ere a+(e to attempt a(( the
;uestions5 a(thou0h there .ere some parts that .ere +etter ans.ere" than others3 4n particu(ar
the /irst part o/ Cuestion 1 an" Cuestion 5 on the 8orma( "istri+ution cause" pro+(ems /or
man% can"i"ates3 4t is a(.a%s "i//icu(t to "eci"e .hether can"i"ates .ho "i" not /inish a(( the
;uestions .ere una+(e to "o so +ecause the% "i" not -no. ho. to or that the% ha" run out o/
time3 9n this paper it "i" appear that can"i"ates /oun" themse(*es short o/ time3 Man% o/ the
so(utions .ere .e(( presente" an" the ma,orit% o/ can"i"ates ha" ta-en note o/ the ru+ric that
instructe" them to sho. their .or-in03 <here .ere5 ho.e*er5 sti(( some can"i"ates .ho "i"
not sho. their .or-in0 an" the% (ost se*era( mar-s /or not "oin0 so3 Cuestions 2 an" 6
speci/ica((% to(" can"i"ates to use 0raph paper an" ;uestion 7 re;uire" them to "ra. a scatter
"ia0ram an" a re0ression (ine3 <hus can"i"ates .ere expecte" to use 0raph paper5 +ut not a((
"i"3 <he% .ou(" +e .e(( a"*ise" to use 0raph paper .hen instructe" to "o so3 9ther.ise the%
.i(( (ose mar-s that the% cou(" ha*e 0aine"3 Man% o/ the can"i"ates sti(( ha" not ta-en notice
o/ the instruction to 0i*e their ans.ers to an appropriate "e0ree o/ accurac% an" the% (ost
mar-s /or not "oin0 so3 !s usua( man% can"i"ates "i" not /i(( in the /ront o/ their ans.er
+oo-(et an" there .ere others .ho "i" not tie their 0raph paper insi"e the +oo-(et3
!e,ort on Indi-idual .uestions
/uestion '
Man% o/ the can"i"ates /oun" it *er% "i//icu(t to exp(ain .hat the% un"erstoo" +% a statistica(
experiment or an e*ent3 <oo man% o/ them con/use" experiment .ith mo"e(3 7an"i"ates .ere
much +etter at ans.erin0 the secon" part o/ the ;uestion as-in0 /or an a"*anta0e an" a
"isa"*anta0e o/ a mo"e(3
/uestion 2
<hose can"i"ates .ho reco0nise" the nee" to use /re;uenc% "ensities 0enera((% ans.ere" the
/irst part o/ the ;uestion .e((3 <he% .ou(" +e .e(( a"*ise" to .rite "o.n their /re;uenc%
"ensities +e/ore usin0 them to "ra. their histo0rams3 Lhi(st examiners 0a*e them the mar-s
i/ the% cou(" rea" them /rom the 0raph the 0raphs .ere not a(.a%s easi(% rea"3 4n part 1+2
can"i"ates .ere expecte" to rea" /rom their histo0ram an" man% o/ them .ere una+(e to "o
so3
/uestion 0
Man% o/ the can"i"ates rea(ise" that the% nee"e" to e;uate xP1" @ x2 to the 0i*en
6
5
+ut
the% .ere not a(( a+(e to so(*e this to o+tain
2
1
= a 3 ! common error in part 1+2 .as to
su+tract ( )
2
2
1
rather than
( )
2
6
5
3 <here .ere a(so those .ho /or0ot to su+tract an%thin03 8ot
a(( can"i"ates attempte" part 1c2 +ut those that "i" usua((% 0aine" the mar- since /o((o.
throu0h on their ans.er to part 1a2 .as a((o.e" pro*i"e" the pro+a+i(it% .as not 0reater than
one3
23
/uestion 1
<he so(utions to this ;uestion .ere rather "isappointin03 <hose can"i"ates that use" a Ienn
"ia0ram usua((% ans.ere" the /irst t.o parts .e((3 <hose that trie" to "ra. a tree "ia0ram
.ere usua((% una+(e to comp(ete the tree correct(% +ut the% "i" 0ain /o((o. throu0h cre"it /or
part 1+23 Lhen ans.erin0 part 1c2 a common error .as to assume in"epen"ent e*ents an"
simp(i/% the ca(cu(ation3 8ot a(( can"i"ates .ere a.are o/ the con"ition /or in"epen"ence an"
thus the /ina( part o/ the ;uestion .as 0enera((% not .e(( ans.ere"3 7an"i"ates use" a *ariet%
o/ .ron0 con"itions an" e*en those that -ne. the correct con"ition "i" not a(.a%s exp(ain the
metho" care/u((%3
/uestion 2
<oo man% can"i"ates =/u"0e" the 0i*en ans.er in part 1a23 <he% "i" not appreciate the
si0ni/icance o/ the statement =9n(% 235D o/ a(( pre0nancies are shorter than 235 "a%sO33
<he% shou(" ha*e +een usin0 E1396 or exp(ainin0 .h% the% .ere usin0 ?1396 +ut a(( too o/ten
the% use" a =/u"0e3 4n part 1+2 the% usua((% sorte" the statistics out +ut "i" not use the exact
*a(ue /rom the ta+(es3 <he *a(ue 1304 .as use" instea" o/ 1303643 <he ru+ric c(ear(% states
=Ia(ues /rom the ta+(e shou(" +e ;uote" in /u((3 <heir simu(taneous e;uations .ere usua((%
.e(( so(*e"3 4n part 1"2 the ma,orit% o/ can"i"ates "i" not appreciate the nee" to use their
3
/uestion *
7an"i"ates 0enera((% ans.ere" this ;uestion .e((5 a(thou0h man% o/ them /or0ot to /in" the
interA;uarti(e ran0e in part 1a23 <he +ox p(ots .ere .e(( "ra.n a(thou0h not a(.a%s (a+e((e"
proper(% an" this resu(te" in (ost mar-s3 <he mean .as usua((% ca(cu(ate" correct(%5 as .as the
stan"ar" "e*iation a(thou0h man% can"i"ates (ost a mar- since the% "i" not 0i*e their ans.er
to an appropriate "e0ree o/ accurac%3 7an"i"ates nee" to rea(ise that =compare an" contrast
shou(" su00est to them that the% consi"er the me"ian5 interA;uarti(e ran0e5 ran0e5 an"
s-e.ness3 Some "i" +ut man% "i" not3
/uestion +
<he scatter "ia0ram .as usua((% .e(( "ra.n an" most can"i"ates "i" in"icate .hich .as the
exp(anator% *aria+(e an" .hich .as the response *aria+(e e*en thou0h some o/ them use" the
*ertica( axis /or the exp(anator% *aria+(e3 <he corre(ation coe//icient .as a 0oo" source o/
mar-s /or most can"i"ates +ut man% o/ them .ere una+(e to 0i*e a c(ear exp(anation in part
1c2 e*en thou0h the% -ne. that the *a(ue o/ the coe//icient .ou(" not chan0e3 <he e;uation o/
the re0ression (ine .as o/ten correct +ut a0ain there .ere pro+(ems .ith the appropriate
"e0ree o/ accurac%3 7an"i"ates are a"*ise" that .hen "ra.in0 a re0ression (ine it is a"*isa+(e
to use the 1mean5 mean2 point as one o/ their points3 4n the /ina( part o/ the ;uestion
can"i"ates reco0nise" that the re0ression (ine .ou(" +ecome steeper +ut the% "i" not
comment on ho. this mi0ht a//ect the accurac% o/ an% pre"ictions ma"e usin0 this (ine3
24
S"A"IS"ICS M$%&E 2
S(&&A)S **31
8!I""E6 PAPE!
1Maximum mar-# 752
Introduction
<he paper pro*e" to +e accessi+(e an" there .as no e*i"ence that the can"i"ates /oun" it too
(on03 Cuestions 1 an" 4 pro*e" to +e the most "eman"in05 .ith man% can"i"ates (ea*in0
these unti( the en" o/ the examination3 :%potheses tests .ere /ormu(ate" .e((5 o/ten .ith the
correct use o/ popu(ation parameters5 an" conc(usions .ere usua((% interprete" in terms o/ the
context o/ the ;uestion3 Man% can"i"ates /oun" the use o/ ine;ua(ities con/usin0 throu0hout
the paper3 4t .as not unusua( /or so(utions to consi"er P rather than Q or simi(ar3
/uestion '
<his pro*e" to +e a "i//icu(t ;uestion3 4n parts 1a25 1+2 an" 1"2 man% can"i"ates "i" not
un"erstan" that the ;uestion as-e" /or an =exp(anation5 an" ,ust 0a*e an =examp(e3 Some
ans.ers appeare" to +e 0uess.or- an" others .ere c(ear(% simp(% a re0ur0itation o/ notes
0i*en +% a teacher or /rom a text+oo-3 4n part 1a2 the ma,orit% o/ can"i"ates 0a*e a reasona+(%
c(ear i"ea that the% un"erstoo" the concept3 4n part 1+2 ;uite a (ar0e num+er score" one mar-5
+ut re(ati*e(% /e. score" +oth3 Man% repro"uce" a "e/inition c(ear(% 0i*en some.here a+out
=mo"e((in0 a rea(A.or(" situation3 4n part 1c2 most cou(" i"enti/% the statistic5 +ut a common
error .as statin0 that the 50 stu"ents .ere the popu(ation3 4n part 1"2 *er% /e. can"i"ates
cou(" "e/ine the samp(in0 "istri+ution3
/uestion 2
Man% can"i"ates un"erstoo" the test "istri+ution .ou(" +e Poisson .ith a parameter o/ 105
an" use" it appropriate(%3 9n(% a sma(( num+er use" unaccepta+(e s%m+o(s or .or"s /or the
h%potheses3 !s .as the case .ith most h%pothesis tests5 those comparin0 a test statistic .ith a
critica( *a(ue ha" /ar /e.er pro+(ems than those tr%in0 to e*a(uate a critica( re0ion3 Most
conc(usions .ere correct(% state" an" then put in context3 ! num+er o/ can"i"ates .rote their
conc(usions the .ron0 .a% aroun"5 a(thou0h this sti(( 0aine" /u(( mar-s3 <hus in this ;uestion5
instea" o/ sa%in0 =<here is no reason to re,ect :o an" there is there/ore insu//icient e*i"ence
to conc(u"e that the sa(esman has increase" sa(es5 the% .ou(" sa% =<here is no e*i"ence o/ an
increase in sa(es5 an" there/ore :o is not re,ecte"3
/uestion 0
<his ;uestion cause" con/usion amon0 some can"i"ates a+out the re(ationship +et.een the
num+er o/ passen0ers turnin0 up an" the num+er o/ empt% seats3 !(most a(( can"i"ates score"
the /irst t.o mar-s3 !mon0 those .ho ha" "i//icu(t% .ith part 1+25 the norma( approximation
.as use" on the same num+er o/ occasions as the Poisson3 <he can"i"ates .ho use" the
norma( "istri+ution .ere a+(e to app(% the continuit% correction correct(%3 ! (ar0e num+er
.ere una+(e to con*ert the re;uire" pro+a+i(it% in part 1c2 into a pro+a+i(it% an" P1" R 12 .as
a common error .hich 0aine" no cre"it3
25
/uestion 1
<his pro*e" to +e a "eman"in0 ;uestion /or the ma,orit% o/ can"i"ates3 Jac- o/ care .as a
/re;uent cause o/ (oss o/ mar-s5 most common(% in not startin0 the time units at 0
correspon"in0 to 7355 a3m3 ! si0ni/icant num+er use" =time o/ the c(oc- 1i3e3 nonA"ecima(2 as
their =units3 Man% -ne. ho. to attempt part 1+25 part 1c2 an" part 1"2 +ut the error in part 1a2
meant that the accurac% o/ the so(ution o//ere" .as poor3
/uestion 2
<he attempts .ere 0enera((% success/u(5 .ith a (ar0e num+er o/ can"i"ates 0ainin0 /u(( mar-s3
Man% correct(% use" the norma( approximation in the /ina( part5 the most common errors
+ein0 re(ate" to (ac- o/ su//icient accurac% in .or-in0 an" incorrect han"(in0 or a+sence o/
the continuit% correction3
/uestion *
Most mana0e" to score the t.o mar-s in part 1a25 a(thou0h a /e. "i" not un"erstan" .hat is
meant +% =su00est a suita+(e mo"e(3 7omp(ete(% correct ans.ers to part 1+2 .ere unusua(3
<here .as c(ear e*i"ence that man% can"i"ates .ere not /ami(iar .ith /in"in0 norma(
pro+a+i(ities /rom this /ormat o/ ine;ua(it%3 <he t.o main causes o/ (oss o/ mar-s in part 1c2
.ere /ai(ure to ta-e the s;uare root o/ the *ariance5 an" statin0 the stan"ar" "e*iation resu(t to
an inappropriate (e*e( o/ accurac%3 <he h%pothesis test .as 0enera((% .e(( attempte"3
/uestion +
<he *ast ma,orit% experience" no trou+(e .ith part 1a23 Pro+(ems so(*in0 a ;ua"ratic e;uation
.ere not unusua( in part 1+2 an" some /oun" )10352 /or part 1c23 4n part 1"2 the most common(%
score" mar- .as that /or a strai0ht (ine o/ positi*e 0ra"ient3 <he other t.o mar-s .ere
/re;uent(% (ost /or sma(( errors o/ "etai( o/ one sort or another3 Part 1e2 an" part 1/2 .ere
0enera((% .e(( ans.ere"3 Ier% /e. score" an%thin0 in part 102 as5 ma-in0 no appropriate
comparison5 the% cou(" not score the metho" mar-5 an" hence not the accurac% mar- either3
Cuite a num+er spent time ca(cu(atin0 ;uarti(es an" "ra.in0 a conc(usion +ase" on those
*a(ues3 7an"i"ates "i" not rea(ise that (ar0eAsca(e ca(cu(ations are un(i-e(% to +e essentia( /or
a part carr%in0 on(% t.o mar-s3
26
%ECISI$6 MA"#EMA"ICS M$%&E '
S(&&A)S **34
1Maximum mar-# 752
1Mean mar-# 50346Stan"ar" "e*iation# 14352
Introduction
<he errors in t.o o/ the *a(ues o/ the /(o. "ia0ram /or ;uestion 6 are "eep(% re0rette"3
:o.e*er the ans.er +oo-(et .as other.ise /oun" to +e a 0reat asset3 <he paper .as /oun" to
+e accessi+(e /or the *ast ma,orit% o/ the can"i"ates an" there .as no in"ication that time .as
a pro+(em3 4t ma% +e .ise /or can"i"ates to comp(ete the charts5 "ia0rams etc3 in the ans.er
+oo-(et in penci(5 in the same .a% the% .ou(" "ra. a 0raph in penci(5 an" /or the same
reasons3 Cuestions 15 35 6 an" the /irst part o/ 7 .ere o/ten .e(( "one3 Poor attempts .ere
o/ten seen to ;uestion 53 7an"i"ates must sho. a(( the essentia( sta0es in their imp(ementation
o/ an a(0orithm i/ the% are to 0ain /u(( cre"it5 an" ma% nee" to p(an5 in a"*ance5 ho. the% are
0oin0 to present their ans.ers in a concise5 %et comp(ete5 .a% so that their metho" is rea"i(%
apparent3 Fnsupporte" so(utions 0ain (itt(e5 i/ an% cre"it3 !n% metho" o/ presentation .hich
in*o(*es the o+(iteration o/ ear(ier sta0es o/ the .or-in0 shou(" +e "iscoura0e"3
/uestion '
Most can"i"ates o+taine" the +ipartite 0raph correct(%3 <he initia( matchin0 .as (ess .e((
"one5 .ith some can"i"ates not sho.in0 it an" some others inc(u"in0 # E 13 4t .as
sometimes "i//icu(t to "istin0uish the initia( matchin0 /rom the other e"0es +ecause o/ the
simi(arit% o/ the in- use"3 <he =.a*% (ine metho" seems c(earest3 Most can"i"ates .ere a+(e
to ma-e a cre"ita+(e attempt at an a(ternatin0 path5 a(thou0h the path use" an" the associate"
matchin0 .ere not a(.a%s c(ear(% sho.n3 Some can"i"ates 0a*e a secon" matchin0 instea" o/
a secon" a(ternatin0 path3
/uestion 2
<his .as the /irst time that a +inar% search ;uestion has +een set3 <he 0enera( metho" .as
.e(( un"erstoo" +% a(most a(( the can"i"ates6 the speci/ic a(0orithm .as not3 7ommon errors
inc(u"e" retainin0 the pi*ot5 inconsistent roun"in0 .hen /in"in0 the pi*ot5 1can"i"ates shou("
roun" up25 an" con/usion a+out en"in0 the a(0orithm3 Most can"i"ates appreciate" the nee" to
repeate"(% ha(*e the (ist in part 1ii25 a(thou0h not a(( "i" so correct(%3
/uestion 0
Most can"i"ates .ere a+(e to correct(% app(% Prims a(0orithm5 +ut a num+er o/ can"i"ates
seeme" not to +e a.are that a ne. no"e ma% +e ,oine" to an% pre*ious(% connecte" no"e5 an"
,ust consi"ere" the most recent(% connecte" no"e3 <he exp(anation .as (ess .e(( "one5 .ith
some can"i"ates omittin0 an% exp(anation an" a num+er on(% partia((% exp(ainin0 their
metho"3 Most .ere a+(e to "ra. a spannin0 tree an" state its (en0th3 !+out ha(/ the can"i"ates
spotte" the a(ternati*e minimum spannin0 tree a(thou0h the .or" =uni;ue .as not a(.a%s
un"erstoo"3 Man% can"i"ates too- # to +e the num+er o/ no"es in part 1ii2 1a2 an"
n E 1 .as a common incorrect ans.er in part 1ii2 1+23
27
/uestion 1
<here .as a mixe" response to this ;uestion3 Most can"i"ates han"(e" this ;uestion .e((5 +ut
some "i" not app(% the a(0orithm correct(%3 <he *ertex .ith the (o.est .or-in0 *a(ue recei*es
its /ina( *a(ue5 an" then a(( un(a+e((e" *ertices that can +e reache" "irect(% /rom this *ertex
must recei*e .or-in0 *a(ues3 <hus the or"er o/ the .or-in0 *a(ues is crucia(3 Lhen as-e" to
exp(ain ho. the shortest route .as "etermine" /rom the (a+e((in05 a num+er o/ can"i"ates
exp(aine" instea" ho. the (a+e((in0 ha" +een pro"uce"3 <he most popu(ar metho" o/
exp(anation .as to sho. a(( o/ the su+tractions nee"e" a(on0 the shortest path an" the arcs
the% 0a*e5 .or-in0 /rom $ to A3 !(most a(( the can"i"ates correct(% /oun" at (east one shortest
route an" man% /oun" +oth3 1! surprisin0(% (ar0e minorit% (iste" the /ina( *ertex as % 1.ritten
as a capita(2 rather than $23

/uestion 2
<his ;uestion .as o/ten poor(% "one a(thou0h 0oo" so(utions .ere a(so seen /rom some
centres3 Man% can"i"ates .ere not a+(e to .rite "o.n ine;ua(ities in terms o/ x an" y an"
others re*erse" the ine;ua(ities3 9/ those .ho "i" construct ine;ua(ities in terms o/ x an" y5
most .ent on to "ra. the (ines correct(%5 a(thou0h a num+er "i" not then (a+e( the /easi+(e
re0ion3 !(most e*er% can"i"ate .as a+(e to 0i*e correct(% an expression /or the cost3 <here
.ere t.o e;ua((% popu(ar metho"s seen in part 1"25 the pro/it (ine metho" an" the *ertex
1extreme point2 metho"3 <he most common errors .ere to "ra. a pro/it (ine .ith 0ra"ient
A3N25 to /ai( to test a(( the extreme points an" to test points not (%in0 on the +oun"ar% 1an"
sometimes not in the /easi+(e re0ion23 Part 1e2 .as o/ten .e(( ans.ere" .ith most can"i"ates
a+(e to i"enti/% the nee" /or a thir" 1or more2 *aria+(e an" man% a+(e to 0i*e an" ans.er in
context as re;uire"3
/uestion *
espite the un/ortunate errors this ;uestion .as *er% .e(( ans.ere" +% most can"i"ates3
4n"ee" it .as the +est ans.ere" ;uestion on the paper3 !(most a(( o/ the can"i"ates correct(%
comp(ete" parts 1a2 1+2 an" 1"23 Most can"i"ates correct(% comp(ete" part 1c2 a(thou0h
can"i"ates /rom some centres "i" not use the (a+e((in0 proce"ure correct(% either omittin0
arro.s 1an" num+ers2 or re*ersin0 them3 !(so some can"i"ates "i" not (ist each /(o.A
au0mentin0 route to0ether .ith its /(o.5 as re;ueste"3 7an"i"ates 0enera((% use" either the
*a(ues 0i*en in the ;uestion or in the ans.er +oo-(et3 )u(( cre"it .as 0i*en .hiche*er *a(ues
the can"i"ates se(ecte"3 <he ans.ers throu0hout /or parts 1a2 E 1"2 .ere the same /or either set
o/ *a(ues3 <he .or"in0 to part 1e2 pro*e" to +e pro+(ematic /or the can"i"ates5 an" so the
"ecision .as ta-en to a.ar" a(( can"i"ates the 3 mar-s a*ai(a+(e /or this part3 :o.e*er a
(ar0e num+er o/ can"i"ates correct(% "e"uce" that the compan% shou(" not ta-e up the
opportunit% to increase the num+er o/ *an (oa"s to A5 B or & since the en" arcs o/ the net.or-
.ere saturate"3
/uestion +
<his .as the /irst time that casca"e 1&antt2 charts ha*e +een set3 !(most a(( the can"i"ates
success/u((% comp(ete" parts 1a2 an" 1+23 <he t.o most common errors in part 1a2 .ere
.ritin0 9 an" 13 at e*ent 3 an" ha*in0 t.o "i//erent num+ers at e*ent 63 Most can"i"ates
.ere a+(e to correct(% comp(ete part 1c25 a(thou0h a common error .as to 0et a /(oat o/ 3 /or
'5 an" some can"i"ates "i" not state .hich acti*it% ha" .hich /(oat3 Most can"i"ates ma"e a
0oo" attempt at part 1"2 a(thou0h some "i" not sho. an% /(oats3 Most can"i"ates .ere a+(e to
/in" a .or-a+(e sche"u(e /or the acti*ities6 common errors inc(u"e" omittin0 one or more
acti*ities5 errors o/ "uration an" errors o/ prece"ence 1o/ten ( an" & sho.n occurrin0
simu(taneous(%23 )e. can"i"ates /oun" the correct minimum time o/ 24 "a%s5 a(thou0h most
mana0e" to /in" a so(ution (astin0 un"er 28 "a%s an" score" 3 out o/ 43
28
A,,endi9 ':
**34 %ecision Mathematics; January 2002
Introduction
Re0retta+(% there .ere printin0 errors associate" .ith ;uestion 6 on the paper3 <hese .ere not
pic-e" up unti( the examination .as in pro0ress5 resu(tin0 in concern an" con/usion at centres
.here can"i"ates .ere sittin0 the paper3
<he me"ia uni*ersa((% reporte" that an Simpossi+(e ;uestionT ha" +een set3 :o.e*er this .as
not the case3 4t .as possi+(e to so(*e the .ho(e o/ the ;uestion5 an" in"ee" *er% man%
can"i"ates "i" so success/u((%3 ! su+stantia( num+er o/ the can"i"ates 0aine" 13 or 14 mar-s
/or the ;uestion5 out o/ the 14 mar-s a*ai(a+(e3
"he ,rinting errors
<.o o/ the *a(ues in the /(o. net.or- ha" +een a(tere" /rom the ori0ina(5 "urin0 the re*ision
process /or this paper3 <he capacities on the arcs B& an" &R
)
.ere sho.n 1as inten"e"2 as 5
an" 18 respecti*e(% in the ;uestion3 <he num+er o/ *an (oa"s that R
)
cou(" accept .as meant
to +e 27 1not 252 E thou0h the ;uestion cou(" sti(( +e ans.ere" usin0 253
<he capacities on the same t.o arcs on the net.or- printe" in the ans.er +oo-(et .ere 0i*en
as 8 an" 16 respecti*e(%3 <hose can"i"ates .ho notice" the "i//erence in the t.o pairs o/
*a(ues .ere there/ore unsure .hich num+ers to use3
epen"in0 on .hich sets o/ num+ers the can"i"ates "eci"e" to use5 the .or"in0 o/ part 1e2 o/
the ;uestion cou(" ha*e +een con/usin0 1a(thou0h *er% man% can"i"ates mana0e" to 0i*e
per/ect(% 0oo" so(utions to part 1e223
"he candidates< solutions
!+out t.oAthir"s o/ the can"i"ates .or-e" .ith the num+ers printe" on the arcs in the ans.er
+oo-(et an" a+out oneAthir" .ith the num+ers in the ;uestion3 !n estimate" 98D o/ the
can"i"ates .or-e" .ith a (imit o/ 25 *an (oa"s that R
)
cou(" accept3 !+out 2D assume" that
this .as inten"e" to +e 18?9 an" use" 27 *an (oa"s instea" o/ 253
Lhiche*er sets o/ num+ers a can"i"ate use"5 the ans.ers to parts 1a2 to 1"2 o/ the ;uestion
came out the same3 :o.e*er /or most com+inations o/ the three num+ers chosen5 it .as not
possi+(e to increase the maxima( /(o. in the ans.er to part 1e23 Ier% man% can"i"ates rea(ise"
this an" 0a*e 0oo" statements such as S<he compan% cannot use the opportunit% to increase
the maxima( /(o.T3 Man% a(so 0a*e exce((ent exp(anations such as S!rcs AR
)
an" &R
)
are
a(rea"% saturate" so it is not possi+(e to increase the /(o.T3
Ede9cel<s res,onse to the errors and the marking of the solutions
4n or"er to attempt to miti0ate the error5 an" in a""ition to the stan"ar" samp(in0 an"
monitorin0 proce"ures5 the /o((o.in0 steps ha*e +een ta-en3
29
7an"i"ates .ere 0i*en /u(( cre"it /or .hiche*er sets o/ num+ers the% .or-e" .ith5 i3e3
an% re(e*ant pair o/ *a(ues /rom U55 85 16 an" 18V an" /rom U255 27V3
'ecause o/ the possi+(e con/usion arisin0 /rom the .or"in0 to part 1e25 all can"i"ates
.ere a.ar"e" 3 mar-s /or that part3
!(( the examiners .ere as-e" to note e*er% script in .hich a can"i"ate 0a*e an%
in"ication o/ +ein0 a//ecte"5 e303 throu0h nonAcomp(etion o/ the paper6 sho.e" throu0h
an% annotation that sNhe .as "istur+e" +% the ;uestion6 repeate" attempts at the ;uestion6
or appeare" to ha*e S0one to piecesT "urin0 or a/ter ;uestion 63 &i*en that an ans.er
+oo-(et .as pro*i"e" /or these examinations5 there is no .a% in te((in0 the or"er in .hich
can"i"ates tac-(e" the ;uestions3 :o.e*er it is the case that the *ast ma,orit% o/
can"i"ates in Mathematics start .ith the (o.Atari// mar- ;uestions an" /inish .ith the
(on0er hi0hAtari// ;uestions at the en" o/ the paper3 <hat is5 the 0reat ma,orit% o/ stu"ents
.ou(" ha*e .or-e" this paper se;uentia((% /rom ;uestion 1 to ;uestion 73
<here .as concern that those stu"ents .ho .ere put o// +% ;uestion 6 ma% ha*e 0i*en
poor5 or no5 so(utions to ;uestion 73 ! separate exercise .as there/ore carrie" out /or this
unit +% the E"exce( Research epartment3 Each can"i"ates mar-s5 ;uestion +% ;uestion5
.ere /e" into a computer an" per/ormance .as ana(%se" an" compare" /or each ;uestion3
4mme"iate(% +e/ore the a.ar"s /or the $anuar% examinations commence"5 a "a% .as set
asi"e "urin0 .hich senior examiners (oo-e" throu0h the scripts .hich ha" +een /(a00e"
+% the examiners 1see a+o*e2 or .ere the su+,ect o/ (etters o/ concern /rom centres either
a+out in"i*i"ua( can"i"ates or .ho(e 0roups o/ can"i"ates3 9ther scripts .ere a(so (oo-e"
at3 4n tota(5 se*era( hun"re" scripts .ere seen a0ain at this sta0e3
$utcomes of the in-estigations
<he .or- carrie" out +% the Research epartment sho.e" that the ;uestions that the
can"i"ates ans.ere" +est .ere5 in se;uence5 65 15 25 35 45 7 an" 53 <hat is5 ;uestion 6 .as the
+estAans.ere" ;uestion on the paper3 Cuestion 5 ha" su+stantia((% the .orst per/ormance5 as
man% can"i"ates .ere una+(e to set up the ine;ua(ities at the start o/ the ;uestion3
4t is impossi+(e to +e precise a+out per/ormance on ;uestion 73 <his .as a ne. topic /or this
paper5 an" the en" o/ ;uestion 7 .as inten"e" to +e ;uite "i//icu(t3 Ier% man% can"i"ates "i"
ma-e a 0oo" start to ans.erin0 the ;uestion5 0ainin0 most or a(( o/ the /irst 6 mar-s3 ! 0oo"
num+er a(so tac-(e" the (atter parts .e(( +ut there .as e*i"ence that man% .ere not /ami(iar
.ith Stota( /(oatT an" man% stru00(e" .ith the *arious prece"ences re;uire" in parts 1"2 an"
1e23 Part 1e2 .as tric-% an" /e. .ere a+(e to set up a sche"u(e resu(tin0 in an ans.er o/ 24
"a%s to 0ain /u(( mar-s /or the (ast part3 :o.e*er a .or-a+(e so(ution un"er 27 "a%s 0aine" 3
o/ the 4 mar-s5 an" *er% man% can"i"ates earne" these 3 mar-s3 <he o*er.he(min0
impression .as that man% can"i"ates ma"e serious attempts at ;uestion 7 an" appeare" not to
ha*e +een a//ecte" so much +% an% pro+(em the% encountere" .ith ;uestion 6 as .ith
stru00(in0 to "ea( .ith this ne. an" tric-% topic3 9*era(( per/ormance on ;uestion 7
1measure" as a percenta0e o/ the mean mar- o+taine" "i*i"e" +% the maximum mar- /or the
;uestion2 .as on(% s(i0ht(% .orse than /or ;uestions 4 an" 33
<he Research epartment ana(%sis a(so inc(u"e" per/ormance on three 0roups o/ ;uestions#
1i2 ;uestions 1 to 5 as a .ho(e6 1ii2 ;uestion 6 an" 1iii2 ;uestion 73 <his sho.e" that 5336D o/
the can"i"ates per/orme" +etter on ;uestion 6 than the other 2 0roups3 )or a /urther 1734D o/
30
the can"i"ates5 per/ormance .as +etter on +oth ;uestions 6 an" 7 than on ;uestions 1 to 53 4n
on(% 1139D o/ cases .as per/ormance on ;uestions 1 to 5 +etter than on ;uestions 6 an" 73
<he reports /rom a(( the examiners an" the /urther examination o/ scripts imme"iate(% +e/ore
the a.ar" in"icate that5 /ortunate(%5 /e. can"i"ates appear to ha*e +een serious(% a//ecte" +%
the printin0 errors3 Man% .or-e" the ;uestion once 1.ith .hiche*er set o/ the num+ers the%
se(ecte"2 an" then .ent on to tac-(e ;uestion 73 ! sma(( minorit% .or-e" ;uestion 6 t.ice3
<hese .ere main(% can"i"ates .ho .or-e" the ;uestion .ith the num+ers in the ans.er
+oo-(et +ut .ere then a"*ise" +% their in*i0i(ator to use the *a(ues in the ;uestion3 <hese
can"i"ates .ere 0i*en cre"it /or .hiche*er .as their +est attempt5 thou0h a(most in*aria+(%
the% arri*e" at the same so(utions in +oth attempts3 <here .as no e*i"ence to su00est that
can"i"ates ran out o/ time5 e*en .hen the% ha" spent time on t.o attempts at ;uestion 63
Summary
<he printin0 errors .ere *er% un/ortunate3 <he mem+ers o/ the Mathematics team "eep(%
re0ret the ine*ita+(e concerns cause" to the can"i"ates an" their teachers3
9*era(( the stu"ents "i" *er% .e(( on +oth ;uestion 6 an" the paper as a .ho(e3 <he mean
mar- /or the paper .as 5034 1hi0her than /or the other three !S (e*e( Mathematics units at the
$anuar% 2002 examination23
<he 0oo" per/ormance has +een re/(ecte" in the a.ar" /or 13
31
A,,endi9 2:
**34 %ecision Mathematics; January 2002
Ede9cel<s Maths: the truth about that =unans>erable=
.uestion ?Posted on Ede9cel >ebsite ' May 2002@
Edexcel and the examination system were ridiculed in the media earlier this year for settin
an 7unanswera!le7 'uestion on its 1S 8ecision Maths 0aper 66,/$ +or Edexcel*s staff and
examiners alike( it was an uncomforta!le time$
5ow Edexcel*s examiners ha&e marked the paper and e&aluated the e&idence$ )hey ha&e
found some startlin results 9 not least that the 7unanswera!le7 1S Maths 'uestion num!er six
was &ery answera!le: in fact( it was answered !etter than any other 'uestion on the paper !y
the ma;ority of students$
)here were se&en 'uestions on the paper$ )he pro!lem arose with 'uestion 6 where(
!ecause of a proofin error( two of the &alues in the 'uestion paper and the answer !ook
were different$
1ll 2(<-< candidates attempted 'uestion 6 and most sol&ed the whole 'uestion: nearly <0 =
>./$,=? ained 23 or the maximum 2. marks a&aila!le for the 'uestion$ @nly 20= failed to
achie&e more than half marks for the 'uestion$
1!out two thirds of students worked with the num!ers printed on the answer !ooklet and one
third worked with those in the exam paper$
Students normally attempt 'uestions in order$ )he o&erwhelmin impression is that many
students appear not to ha&e !een affected !y the difficulties they may ha&e encountered with
'uestion 6$ //= went on to answer 'uestion - 9 the ma;ority >6/$/,=? ainin more than half
of the 2- marks for the 'uestion with 20$<= ainin either 26 or 2- marks$ ,3= ained at
least six of the marks on offer for the first part of that particular 'uestion$ 1fter 'uestion 6(
students* !est results were( in order( 'uestions 2( 2( 3( .( - and then <$
)here was no e&idence to suest that students ran out of time and failed to finish the paper
!y attemptin to answer 'uestion 6$ @&erall( the a&erae mark for this paper was hiher than
for the other three 1S le&el mathematics units taken in January 9 that is( students did !etter in
this exam paper than in the other 1S maths exam papers$ @f the 2(<-< entries for this paper(
22$-= achie&ed an *1* rade( 2.$- = a *A*( and 2.$- = a *C* rade( 23$2= a *8* and /$,= an
*E* rade$
Students ha&e pro&ed themsel&es to !e resilient and ha&e worked throuh a tricky pro!lem
with considera!le success$
)hey and their teachers( who ha&e prepared them well( in order that they can approach a
pro!lem loically and calmly( are to !e conratulated$
32
Grade )oundaries for the January 2002 E9aminations
<he ta+(es +e(o. 0i*e the (o.est ra. mar-s /or the a.ar" o/ the state" uni/orm mar-s
1FMS23

Module
30 +0 *0 20 10
6671 Pure Mathematics P1 64 55 46 38 30
6677 Mechanics M1 63 56 49 42 35
6678 Mechanics M2 59 53 47 41 35
6679 Mechanics M3 59 52 45 38 31
6680 Mechanics M4 61 54 47 40 33
6683 Statistics S1 52 46 40 35 30
6684 Statistics S2 57 51 45 40 35
6689 ecision Maths 1 64 58 52 46 41
33
Statistics
<he percenta0es o/ can"i"ates o+tainin0 at (east the 0i*en num+er o/ uni/orm mar-s 1FMS2 at the
time o/ 0ra"in0 are 0i*en +e(o.3 1<he /ina( /i0ures ma% *ar% s(i0ht(% /rom these32
Cumulati-e ,ercentage of candidates at s,ecified niform Marks
Module
30 +0 *0 20 10
6677 Mechanics M1 2637 4238 5535 6734 7639
6678 Mechanics M2 3733 5132 6332 7339 8234
6679 Mechanics M3 3733 5332 6337 7531 8238
6680 Mechanics M4 4338 5834 7135 8235 9132
6683 Statistics S1 1830 3138 4731 6130 7331
6684 Statistics S2 3639 5238 6537 7331 8031
6689 ecision Maths 1 2237 3734 5231 6532 7530
34
35
+urther copies of this pu!lication are a&aila!le from
Edexcel 0u!lications( 1damsway( Mansfield( 5otts( 5G2, .+5
)elephone 02623 .6-.6-
+ax 02623 .<0.,2
@rder Code "1 022-,3
June 2002
+or more information on Edexcel 'ualifications please contact our
Customer Response Centre on 0,-0 2.0 /,00
or emailB en'uiriesCedexcel$or$uk
or &isit our we!siteB www$edexcel$or$uk
Edexcel +oundation is a reistered charity and a company limited
!y uarantee$ Reistered in Enland 5o$ 26,626.

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