Koh Yue En 14S03R

27 May 2014
TED Talks Videos on Global Issues

Andrew Mwenda: Aid for Africa? No thanks!

Key Arguments:
1. Africa is unable to engage the rest of the world in a more productive
relationship is because it has a poor institutional framework.
2. Governments in Africa have been given the opportunity, through aid by
the international community, to avoid building productive arrangements
with their own citizens.
3. Aid increases the resources available to governments, causing the public
service to be profitable.
4. Helping Africa should be a challenge of hope, creating wealth instead of
poverty reduction.

Facts:
1. Under the Cotonou Agreement, African countries have been given an
opportunity by Europe to export goods, duty-free, to the European Union
market. Uganda, has a quota to export 50,000 metric tons of sugar to the
European Union market, but hasnt exported one kilogram yet. Instead, it
imports 50,000 metric tons of sugar from Brazil and Cuba.
2. In the 2006-2007 Uganda budget, expected revenue was 2.5 trillion
shillings and 1.9 trillion of foreign aid. However, recurrent expenditure
was 2.6 trillion, 110% of revenue.
3. Ugandas revenue: 690 billion to public administration, 380 billion to
military, 18 billion to agriculture, 43 billion to trade and industry.
4. Public administration expenditure to pay 70 cabinet ministers and 114
presidential advisers.
5. It has 3000 motor vehicles at Ministry of Health HQ but not a single
ambulance in 961 aub-counties.
6. 53 African nations, only 6 in civil war
7. Average African nation receives foreign aid to tune of 13-15% of GDP.

Panjak Ghemawat: Actually, the world isnt flat

Key Arguments:
1. Recognizing that the world is only about 10-20% globalized is critical to
seeing that there might be potential for additional gains from additional
integration.
2. Avoiding overstatements reduces and reverses some of the fears that
people have about globalization.
3. Most things are very home-biased.
4. While radical openness is great, given how closed we are, even
incremental openness could make things dramatically better.

Factors:
1. Cross-border phone calls only make up 2% of total voice calling minutes
in the world
2. First generation immigrants only account for 3% of worlds population.
3. FDI only make up 10% of real investments in 2010
4. Americans guess that 30% of federal budget goes to foreign aid. In actual
fact, only 1%.
5. OECD countries spenditure per domestic poor person to amount they
spend per poor person in poor countries is 30000 to 1.
6. David Livingstone wrote in the 1850s about how the railroad, the steam
ship, and the telegraph were integrating East Africa perfectly with the rest
of the world.








Sunitha Krishnan: The fight against sex slavery

Key Arguments:
1. Females in the sex trade are usually unable to escape. They therefore
normlalise the experience, believeing that it is their destiny to be
exploited and gives up hope.
2. After rescuing the girls, we must make them understand their own
potential in order for them to recover from their painful experiences.
3. The biggest challenge is the social stigma against these exploited females.
4. People are very comfortable talking about sex slavery and making profit
out of the topic. However, few are actually willing to accept these
exploited females as part of society, avoiding personal contact.
5. The social stigma has prevented the girls from integrating back into
society.
6. By integrating them back into society, we can allow them to gain
confidence, restore their dignity, and build hopes in their own lives.



Facts:
1. Sex slavery is the worst form of human rights violation, the third-largest
organized crime, a $10 billion industry.
2. Across the globe, hundreds and thousands of children, as young as three,
as young as four, are sold into sexual slavery.
3. 99.9 percent of the deceived girls resist being inducted into prostitution.
4. About one third of sex slaves are HIV positive
5. Krishnan has trained girls as carpenters, as masons, as security guards, as
cab drivers. And each one of them are excelling in their chosen
field, gaining confidence, restoring dignity, and building hopes in their
own lives.