There are five basic patterns around which most English

sentences are built.* They are as follows:

S-V

Subject-Verb

John sleeps.




Jill is eating.




Jack will arrive next week.
S-V-O

Subject-Verb-Object

I like rice.




She loves her job.




He's eating an orange.
S-V-Adj

Subject-Verb-Adjective

He is funny.




The workers are lazy.




Karen seems angry.
S-V-Adv

Subject-Verb-Adverb

Jim is here.




Flowers are everywhere.




No one was there.
S-V-N

Subject-Verb-Noun

She is my mom.




The men are doctors.


Mr. Jones is the teacher.

At the heart of every English sentence is the Subject-Verb relationship. Other elements can be
added to make a sentence more interesting, but they are not essential to its formation.





The following sentences are examples of the S-V pattern.
She sleeps.

Core sentence
She sleeps soundly.

An adverb is added to describe how she sleeps.
She sleeps on the sofa.

A prepositional phrase is added to tell where she sleeps.
She sleeps every afternoon.

A time expression is added to tell when she sleeps.
She is sleeping right now.

Verb tense is changed, but S-V relationship remains the
same.
Mary will sleep later.

Subject is named and another tense is used.
The dogs are sleeping in the
garage.

New subject may require a different form of the verb.
Note: Any action verb can be used with this sentence pattern.
The following sentences are examples of the S-V-O pattern.
They like rice.

Core sentence
The people like rice.

Specific subject
The friendly people like rice.

Subject modified with an adjective
The people in the restaurant like
rice.

Subject modified with an adjective
The people like boiled rice.

Object modified with an adjective
The people like hot, white rice.

Object modified with more than one adjective
Note: Only transitive action verbs can be used with this sentence pattern.
The following sentences are examples of the S-V-Adj
pattern.
He is fine.

Basic sentence with "be" verb
He seems happy.

Basic sentence with another linking verb
Jordan is tall, dark and handsome.

Series of adjectives
He appears very comfortable.

Adverb or intensifier added
George became sick last night.

Different tense and linking verb
Note: Only linking verbs can be used with this sentence pattern.
The following sentences are examples of the S-V-Adv
pattern.
The teacher is here.

Basic sentence
The teacher is over there.

Using an adverb phrase
Teachers are everywhere.

Plural noun and verb used
The teachers are in the lobby.

Prepositional phrase functioning as adverb
Note: Only linking verbs can be used with this sentence pattern.
The following sentences are examples of the S-V-N pattern.
The man is a doctor.

Basic sentence
The women are doctors.

Using plural noun and verb
My father is a nice guy.

Modified subject and complement
My grandparents are senior
citizens.

Modified plural subject and complement

Rumus Kalimat Bahasa Inggris Berdasarkan Tenses
Dec 9, '07 11:50 PM
untuk semuanya
Tenses dapat diartikan sebagai perubahan bentuk kata kerja dalam kalimat yang
disebabkan oleh perubahan waktu.







Present Tense
1. Simple Present Tense
S + V-1 + transitive/intransitive
2. Present Continuous Tense
S + is,am,are + V-ing + (transitive/intransitive)
3. Present Perfect Tense
S + has/have been + V-ing + (transitive/intransitive)
Past Tense
1. Simple Past Tense
S + V2 + (transitive V2) + object
S + V2 + (intransitive V2) was/were + (adv/adj/noun)
2. Past Continuous Tense
S + was/were + V-ing (transitive/intransitive)
3. Past Perfect Tense
S + had + V-3 (transitive/intransitive) + before...
4. Past Perfect Continuous Tense
S + had been + V-ing (transitive/intransitive verbs) + for...before...
Future Tense
1. Present Future Tense
S + will/to be going to/want to/plan to + V + (transitive/intransitive)
2. Present Future Continuous Tense
S + will be + V-ing + (transitive/intransitive)
3. Present Future Perfect Tense
S + will have + V-3 + (transitive/intransitive)
4. Present Future Perfect Continuous Tense
S + will have been + V-ing + (transitive/intransitive)





RUMUS 16 TENSES BAHASA INGGRIS
RUMUS 16 TENSES
Kata Kerja
Kata Kerja adalah bagian inti dari Tenses Bahasa Inggris. Kata kerja atau Verb pada rumus-
rumus Tenses di blog ini, Kata kerja atau Verb ini sering saya singkat V saja. Jadi kalau V+ing
artinya sama dengan Verb+ing, sering juga saya tulis sebagai Ving saja agar mudah.
Kata kerja dalam bahasa Inggris ada banyak bentuknya: V1, V2, V3, Ving.
Kata Kerja bentuk 1 atau saya singkat V1, yaitu kata kerja dasar, seperti: drink, go, write, read,
participate, learn, study, dan sebagainya. Ada kata kerja bentuk ke 2, sering saya singkat V2.
Kata kerja bentuk 3 ya V3. Serta Kata Kerja bentuk ING atau saya singkat Ving. Bagaimana cara
menggunakan bentuk-bentuk kata kerja tersebut? Ada di masing-masing pelajaran Tenses
Bahasa Inggris.
Perubahan Bentuk Kata Kerja
Perubahan bentuk Kata Kerja bentuk 1 (V1) ke bentuk kedua (V2) dan bentuk ke 3 (V2) ada
yang beraturan (ada rumusnya) dan ada juga yang tidak beraturan (tidak ada rumusnya). Wah
memamg inilah yang membuat bahasa Inggris ini menjadi rumit bagi kita orang Indonesia, haha.
Kata Kerja Beraturan (Regular Verb):
Artinya ya mempunyai keteraturan bentuknya, ada rumusnya misalnya ditambah D atau ED
seperti: live lived lived, play, played, played.
Walaupun ada aturannya tetapi aturan perubahan tersebut masih ada beberapa. Daftar kata kerja
beraturan ini pun panjang sekali. Saya sarankan Anda mempunyai buku Grammar Bahasa
Inggris walaupun yang kecil dan sederhana, biasanya ada di sana. Memang Anda mau
menulsinya disini satu per satu?.
Kata Kerja TIDAK Beraturan (Irregular Verb):
Misalnya kata kerja drink berturut-turut untuk bentuk ke 1 sampai 3: drink-drank-drunk. Satu
contoh lain lagi: break-broke-broken
Masih ingat V1, V2, V3 dan Ving? Jangan lupa apa itu artinya ya, karena akan sering
dipergunakan dalam setiap tenses bahasa inggris



1. Present Tense (Waktu Sekarang)
a. Simple Present Tense (Waktu Sekarang Sederhana)
Rumus :
+ } S + V1 + O/C
- } S + Do/does + not + V1 + O/C
? } Do/does + S + V1 + O/C
Example :
+ } Sisca Reads book everyday
- } Sisca does not Read book everyday
? } does Sisca Read book everyday
Yes He does / No He does not (doesnt)
For I, We, You, They = do
He, She, It = Does
Contoh kalimat :
(+) She is a new people here.
(+) He plays football every morning
(-) She isnt a new people here.
(-) He does not playing football every morning.
(?) Is she a new people here?
(?) How playing football every morning?



b. Present Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sekarang)
Menerangkan suatu perbuatan yabg sedang berlangsung pada waktu sekarang.
Rumus :
+ } S + Be + V1 + ing + O/C >> + } They are playing badmintoon now
- } S + Be + not + V1 + ing + O/C >> } They are not playing badmintoon now
? } Be + S + V1 + ing + O/C >> ? } Are they palaying badmintoon now ?
Yes They are / no they are not
For I = am
They, we, you = are
He, She, It = Is
Contoh dalam kalimat :
(+) He is playing badminton now
(-) He isnt playing badminton now.
(?) Is he playing badminton now.
c. Present Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Sekarang)
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb+main verb
Contoh :
(+) you have eaten mine.
(-) she has not been to Rome
(?) have you finished?


d. Present Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Sekarang)
Rumus :
(+): S + have/has + been + Ving
(-): S + have/has + not + been + Ving
(?): Have/has + S + been + Ving
Contoh :
(+) She has been going to Malang since evening.
(+) We have been riding a horse for three days
(-) She hasnt been going to Malang since evening.
(-) We havent been riding a horse for three days.
(?) Has she been going to Malang ?
(?) Have He been riding a horse for three days ?
2. Past Tense (Waktu Lampau)
a. Simple Past Tense (Waktu Lampau Sederhana)
Rumus :
+} S+Be+Was/Were+O/C
-} S+Be+Was/Were+not+O/C
?} Be+Was/Were+ S+O/C
Example :
+} We were at school yesterday
-} We were not at school yesterday
?} were we at school yesterday ?
For I, He, She, It = Was
They, we, you = were
Contoh :
(+) I saw a good film last night
(+) He came here last month
(-) I saw not a good film last night
(-) He came not last month
(?) Saw I a good film last night
(?) Came He here last month
b. Past Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Lampau)
Rumus :
(+): S + was/were + Ving
(-): S + was/were + NOT + Ving
(?): Was/Were + S + Ving
Contoh :
(+) He was watching television all afternoon last week
(+) They were talking about sport when I met him
(-) He wasnt watching television all afternoon last week
(-) They werent talking about sport when I met him
(?) Was He watching television all afternoon last week
(?) Were they talking about sport when I met him
c. Past Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Lampau)
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb HAVE+main verb
(+): S + had + V3
(-): S + had + not + V3
(?): Had + S + V3
Contoh :
(+) When my brother arrived , I had painted my motor cycle
(+) The ship had left before I arrived
(-) When my brother arrived , I hadnt painted my motor cycle
(-) The ship hadnt left before I arrived
(?) Had I my motor cycle , when my brother arrived ?
(?) Had the ship left before I arrived?
d. Past Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Lampau)
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb HAVE+auxiliary verb BE+main verb
Contoh :
(+) They had been living there for two month
(+) When they washed my drees , your father had been playing badminton
(-) They hadnt been living there for two month
(-) When they washed my dress , your father hadnt been playing badminton
(?) Had they been living there for two month?
(?) When they washed my dress , had your father been playing badminton ?
3. Future Tense (Akan Datang)
a. Simple Future Tense (Waktu Akan Datang Sederhana)
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb WILL+main verb
Contoh :
(+) I will visit to yogyakarta tomorrow.
(+) he will met girl friend by seven oclock
(?) Will he go to America next month?
(+) President shall at Nederland the day after tomorrow.
(-) President shall not at Nederland the day after tomorrow.
(?) Shall President at Nederland the day after tomorrow?
b. Future Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Akan Datang)
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb BE+main verb
Contoh :
(+) I will be writing a comic.
(+) I will be studying tomorrow night.
(-) I will not writing a comic.
(-) I will not be studying tomorrow night.
(?) Will I be writing a comic ?
(?) Will I be studying tomorrow night ?
c. Future Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Akan Datang)
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb HAVE+main verb
Contoh :
(+) I will have finished by 10am.
(+) You will have forgotten me by then.
(-) She will not have gone to school.
(-) We will not have left.
(?) Will you have arrived?
(?) Will they have received it?
d. Future Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Akan Datang)
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb HAVE+auxiliary verb BE+main verb
Contoh :
(+) I will have been reading a news paper.
(+) He will have been listening music.
(-) I will havent been reading a news paper.
(-) He will havent listening a music.
(?) Will I have been riding a news paper ?
(?) Will He have listening a music ?
4. Past Future Tense (Akan Datang Di Waktu Lampau)
a. Past Future Tense (Waktu Akan Datang Di Waktu Lampau)
Rumus :
Positif: S + would + V1
Negatif: S + would + not + V1
Tanya: Would + S + V1
Contoh :
(+) He would come if you invited him.
(+) They would buy a home the previous day.
(-) He wouldnt come if invited him.
(-) They wouldnt buy a home the previous day.
(?) Would He come if invited him ?
(?) Would they buy a home the previous day ?
b. Past Future Continuous Tense (Waktu Akan Sedang Terjadi Diwaktu Lampau)
Rumus :
Positif: S + would + be + Ving
Negatif: S + would + not + be + Ving
Tanya: Would + S + be + Ving
Contoh :
(+) I should be swimming at this time the following day.
(+) I shall be sliping at 10 oclock tomorrow.
(-) I shouldnt be swimming at this time the following day.
(-) I shallnt be sleeping at 10 oclock tomorrow.
(?) Shall I be swimming at this time the following day ?
(?) Shall I be sleeping at10 oclock tomorrow ?
c. Past Future Perfect Tense (Waktu Akan Sudah Selesai Di Waktu Lampau)
Rumus :
Positif: S + would + have + V3
Negatif: S + would + not + have + V3
Tanya: Would + S + have + V3
Contoh :
(+) He would have graduated if he had studies hard.
(+) Nonok will have studied moth by the end of this week.
(-) He wouldnt have gone if he had met his darling
(-) Nonok will have not studied month by the end of this week
(?) Would He have gone if he had met his darling ?
(?) Will Nonok have studied month by the end of this week ?


d. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense
(Waktu Yang Sudah Sedang Berlangsung Pada Waktu Lampau)
Rumus :
Positif: S + would + have + been + Ving
Negatif: S + would + not + have + been + Ving
Tanya: Would + S + have + been + Ving
Contoh :
Rianawati would have been speaking English for two years
(+) Mrs. Anisa Munif would have been walking here for seventeen years
(+) Rianawati would have been speaking English for two years
(-) Mrs. Anisa Munif wouldnt have been walking here for seventeen year
(-) Rianawati wouldnt have been speaking English for two years
(?) Would Mrs. Anisa Munif have been walking here for seventeen years?
(?) Would Rianawati have been speaking English for two years?