AP Biology Final Exam Review

Lab Final:
We have completed labs 1a, 1b, 2, 3a-1, 3a-2, 3b-1, we did only the set up for 3b-2, 4b, 6a, 6b (but for labs 6a & 6b we
used a slightly different procedure, however questions such as p.75-77 could be covered on this final), 7, 8a, 8b (all other
labs or portions of labs that we did not conduct, such as lab 1c etc., will not be on this lab final) Hopefully you still have all
of your old labs.

It will be important that you understand the overview, objectives and introduction sections for each lab (each lab has these
sections at the beginning)
You should understand the answers to the questions included within the labs.
Biology vocabulary utilized within each lab is important.
You should be familiar with the data collected and trends within the data (can you explain the tables, graphs, etc.).
Can you explain why the lab was important?
Do you understand your data (or the ideal data) and how it relates to the conclusion and overall lesson of the lab?
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Below is one set of sample questions related to lab 1. The rest of the labs covered in this final will require a similar depth
of understanding and will include a similar style of questioning.

Potential Lab 1A Questions:
A beaker is filled with a 10% glucose solution and a dialysis bag is filled with a solution that is 10% NaCl and 10% sulfuric
acid. The solution and bag were left to sit for 1 hour. The results of this experiment are listed below.

Beaker Bag
pH before the experiment 7.2 3.5
pH after the experiment 6.3 5.9
silver nitrates reaction after the experiment cloudy cloudy
benedict solutions reaction after the experiment orange blue
Indicator tests:
A solution of silver nitrate will test for NaCl by forming a cloudy white precipitate in the presence of NaCl and it will remain
clear and colorless if no NaCl is present.
Benedicts solution will test for glucose by turning orange in the presence of glucose and it will remain blue if no glucose is
present.
The pH of the two solutions was tested with pH paper before and after the experiment.

Example Questions:
a. Describe what molecules (if any) were able to diffuse through the dialysis bag and provide evidence for your answer.
b. Describe what molecules (if any) were not able to diffuse through the dialysis bag and provide evidence for your answer.
c. Which direction did the water most likely osmose initially?
d. What results would you expect if the experiment started with glucose in the bag and NaCl/sulfuric acid in the beaker?
Why?

Sample Lab 1B Questions:
Graph the following data onto your graph paper.
(be sure to include a title, x/y axis labels, number scale labeled clearly on both axes)

Contents of the dialysis bag Percent change in mass
1.0M Sucrose 34% (gain)
0.5M Sucrose 5% (gain)
0.0M Sucrose -26% (loss)

Example Questions:
a. What variable above is the independent variable (x axis)?
b. What variable above is the dependent variable (y axis)?
c. Why did the 0.0 M sucrose lose mass?
d. From the graph, determine what the molarity of the solution was. (hint, think isotonic...)
e. What would you expect for the final % change in mass of an 0.8 M sucrose dialysis bag? (use your graph)
f. In the initial set up of a 0.8 M bag and solution which would be the hypertonic solution and which would be the
hypotonic solution?
g. Calculate the percent change in mass of a dialysis bag that had an initial mass of 40 g and a final mass of 47 g. (be sure
to note if the change is +or -)