Franco, Jayson C.

Sir Joemar Furigay

IV-Newton English IV
LESSON I - EDITORIAL
What is Editorial?
Editorial is an article that states the newspapers stance on a particular topic or issue. It
is basically a persuasive essay that offers solution to a certain problem.
Writing a good editorial
Example:
Las Pinas City National Science High School, located at Las Pinas City has about 500
students from Grade 7 to fourth year. Every March, the school hosts a recognition ceremony to
honor the outstanding students. Usually about 75 to 100 students earn an award. The event takes
about two hours and the all people from the school attend. Last year, several students were asked
to leave the venue for their misbehaviour. This year, OIC Principal Mrs. Gloria Cuevas,
proposed moving the ceremony on the evening so more parents can attend because only few of
them were able to attend last year.
The teachers complained that moving the ceremony in the evening is unfair because they
dont receive extra payment for working extra hours. On the other hand, the GPTA officers
supported the proposal for it will allow more parents to see their children receive awards.
Mrs. Cuevas said that she will talk to the teachers, parents and students before making
her final decision.

1. Give your Introduction
- Present the problem or situation
Example:
As a result of last years disruptive behaviour, and at the request of several parents,
Mrs. Gloria Cuevas proposed moving the recognition day on the evening.
2. Take a stand
- What is your opinion?
Example:
Evening is the perfect time for the awarding ceremony.
3. Write the Body
- Includes at least three reasons why are you taking your stand
Example:
There will be no disruption of classes in the morning. Only interested students will
attend while disruptive ones would stay home and more parents could attend an evening
ceremony.
4. Cite evidences
- Support your side with evidences and examples
Example:
Only a small portion of the student body receives an award, but all students attend the
ceremony. If the event will be held on the evening, no students would lose valuable class
hours just to watch others get their recognition. That time can be used for preparing students
for the final or periodic exams.
5. Recap your side
You can also give present a logical solution to the issue. A solid and concise conclusion
that powerfully summarizes the writer's opinion.
Example:
This proposal is a good one. Mrs. Cuevas is looking for feedback. Students and
faculty should tell her they support this change to make this years recognition day better
than ever.
Common errors in writing an editorial
You didnt take a side.
The stand and statements are too generalized.
You asked too many rhetorical questions without stating an opinion.
The wordings are too deep and exaggerated.
You turned into a preacher.
You got off the topic.
Your argument lacked credibility.
You made personal attacks.
MOST COMMON TYPES OF EDITORIAL
Editorial of Information Its main purpose is to provide information that will help the
readers understand terms and situations carefully.
Editorial of Criticism It is intended primarily for influencing readers with their stand,
comments and opinions which also gives a possible solution to the issue.
Editorial of Interpretation It gives the meaning or importance of a situation that
presents both side of the issue and leaves the judgement to the reader.
Editorial of Tribute It commends or praises a particular person/group of people that
has done something good and remarkable.
Editorial of Argumentation - One way of convincing readers by means of arguing and
presenting your stand.
Always remember!
Pick a significant topic that would interest readers.
Research in collecting some facts and evidences.
State your opinion.
Explain the issue objectively.
Give a realistic solution to the problem.
Keep it to 500 words; never use I.
Make sure your thoughts and ideas are original.
Write in third person (some first person, plural)
Use active voice.
Be fair, mature and reasonable.
ACTIVITY Write an editorial out of the cartoon and details provided.
Source: http://www.philstar.com/opinion/2013/05/17/943089/editorial-k-12-all
Republic Act 10533, kindergarten is now free for all Filipinos and required for entry to first
grade.
A lot of time, effort and resources went into the development of the K to 12 program, now
embodied in RA 10533 or the Basic Education Program law. The measure is meant to upgrade
Philippine education, whose quality has deteriorated in recent decades, and improve national
competitiveness. Every effort must be made to ensure the success of its implementation.






LESSON II CARTOONING
What is Cartooning?
Comics with purpose which are also called political cartoons. They make comments
about certain issues in the news.
A visual artist who makes or draws cartoons is called a cartoonist.
History of Cartooning
Our human ancestors all over the world drew on caves and rocks. Using paint and
charcoal, cave artists drew what was important to them. They produced pictures of animals,
hunting scenes, people dancing, and performing rituals.
Few centuries later, Mayans and the Egyptians, carved cartoons in a solid rock. In fact,
the languages of these two peoples were represented by figures of animals and people carved
into their tombs and temples.
As technology improved, so did the medium that was used. In the middle ages, monks
painted very bright, intricate pictures to illustrate early books, such as the Bible. Cartoons were
also used by painters of frescos and sculptors during the 15th and 16th centuries.
Through the next centuries, cartooning became an important part of the printed world,
being used to illustrate stories in books, magazines, and newspapers.
Today, cartoons are everywhere. In addition to books and newspapers, cartoons can be
found on bill boards, posters, television and movies. Youll have a hard time spending a single
day without seeing a cartoon somewhere, whether it be on a TV commercial, a magazine, or
even an ad in your mailbox.
Characteristics of an effective cartooning
Realistic
Entertaining
Humorous
Deals with a single idea
Being able to influence the readers

Tips in Cartooning
Use black ink pen or pencil on a white paper.
Use single stroke or line.
You may add shadings for emphasis.
Focus on one topic only.
Limit the use of words and labels.
Use universal or common symbols
Make sure your drawing is simple yet the message is clear and understandable.

Common Cartoon Symbols
1. Government flag, president
2. Freedom and Democracy flying eagle
3. Warfare hawk
4. Baby new generation
5. Peace dove, peace symbol
6. Victory wreath of laurels
7. Time hourglass, big clock
8. Death skull and crossbones
9. Hope rainbow
10. Slow pave snail or turtle
11. Wealth and Power money bags, fat people
12. Corrupt crocodile

ACTIVITY Make a cartooning out of the editorial given.

BIGOTS

When does religious faith become bigotry? When it assumes the worst about those who dont share the same
religion or religious point of view. When does morality become antithetical to democracy? When it uses the
fundamental rights that the Constitution guarantees, such as free speech and freedom of assembly, to deny to those it
deems immoral the exercise of those very rights. And when does opposition to the Reproductive Health Law
become an act of outrageous desperation? When organizations like the Pro-Life Philippines Foundation seek to stop
international forums like the 7th Asia Pacific Conference on Reproductive and Sexual Health Rights, through a last-
minute lawsuit.
The petitioners, all Catholic Church-affiliated advocates against the Reproductive Health Law, want the Pasay
Regional Trial Court to issue a temporary restraining order on the conference, now on its third and last day at the
Philippine International Convention Center. On what ground? On the assumption that the forum, by including
sessions on abortion in its program, promotes abortion itself, which is illegal in the Philippines.
The argument is intellectually dishonest.
We can see the intellectual dishonesty reflected in lawyer James Imbongs statement to GMA News: Most of the
talks are about right to abortion. But in fact, in the program of the general conference, there are only four sessions
related to abortion, out of about five dozen sessions. Thats right. There are about 70 separate items in a packed
agenda. The petitioners object to four. How can any reasonable person describe most of the talks as being about
the right to abortion?
But Pro-Life Philippines president Eric Manalang made Imbong sound like the embodiment of intellectual integrity,
when he reduced the entire conference to one subject: Their topic is about abortion and its availability to women
and the youth.
Mischaracterizing the conference program is not only unchristian, scanting both the resource persons preparations
and the experience on which their presentations are based; it is also stupidbecause anyone can easily access the
program on the Web.
Source: http://opinion.inquirer.net/70191/bigots

LESSON III - PHOTOJOURNALISM

What is Photojournalism?
Photojournalism is telling stories with photographs. They must be true and the journalist
must try to tell it in a fair manner. These visual images can make the readers understand the
whole story by just looking at the picture itself.
Photos in newspapers, magazines, blogs and other mediums are taken by
photojournalists. They are kind of reporters who capture moments which may interest or attract
their readers.
General concepts a good photojournalist must know.
Photojournalism is an extremely competitive field. One should know what must be done
because it is essential in having a successful career.
Accuracy Photos must be valid and must be explained carefully to avoid wrong
impressions about certain circumstances.
Originality Photos should be original to avoid plagiarism and duplication.
Compassion and Dedication The journalist must be dedicated to his subject. Spending
a lot of time with his job helps him build trust and compassion.
Benefits - The photojournalist must determine how a subject's story will benefit the
public. It should be determined how the story will affect the subject personally. Could it
help them achieve something they want or could it damage their reputation and make life
harder for them?
Ethics It includes the preparation of photos as well as their presentation.
Point of view finds different angles and unique aspects
Framing Look at all parts of what is in the frame, not just the subject of the picture Fill
the frame with the picture you want
Composition rule of thirds
Lighting Know the source of light. Learn to judge the lighting conditions (outside is
better than inside)
Distance Three types of photos: long shots, medium shots, close-ups
Decisive moment what tells the story of a news event, captures the elements of the day,
time, people, weather, subject.
Cutline/Caption It is necessary to all pictures because it serves as identification,
description and explanation of the photo.
Assignments of a photojournalist
1. NEWS - things that happen in our everyday lives in our surroundings.
a. Spot News - any unplanned event and is found in coincidental circumstances which
means it is something unexpected to happen.
b. General News - gives photographers a chance to prepare like having a press
conference with a politician.
2. FEATURE - usually the subject is chosen by the photojournalist. This particular subject
must be both visually interesting and filled with meaningful content.
a. Human Interest - shows persons being natural and unique; anything that captures the
attention of the photographer/readers.
b. Pictorials - rely on the graphic elements of composition and lighting more than
subject matter.
3. SPORTS ASSIGNMENTS - combine the action and excitement of news within a
clearly defined structure. You have to be familiar with the rules of the game to predict
dramatic moments. You should also know the backgrounds of some of the key players
and anticipate their contribution.
a. Sports Action - a photograph of any moment that occurs on the playing field during
the run of the game
b. Sports Feature - a picture that shows anything else (an angry coach in the locker
room, a frustrated player on the sideline, an anxious fan in the stands)
4. PORTRAIT ASSIGNMENTS - capture a person's personality. It is no easy task.
Important and ordinary newsmakers tend to hide behind a facade of friendliness.
a. Mug shots - comes from the definition, "to make faces." The challenge for
photographers is to make the mug shot more than a picture of a subject smiling for the
camera.
b. Environmental Portrait. The environmental portrait not only shows what the
subject looks like, but also reveals aspects of the sitter's personality by the foreground
and background objects the person displays. It is a picture of a person and that
person's environment, not simply a picture of a person in an environment.
5. ILLUSTRATION ASSIGNMENTS - consist of food, fashion, and editorial subjects
that has come under criticism by leaders in the field who worry about the rise in the use
of set up, contrived and computer manipulated images
6. PICTURE STORY ASSIGNMENTS - give a photographer a chance to slow down and
produce a package of pictures over a longer period of time. At its best, a picture story
illuminates a serious city-wide social problem through the telling in words and pictures a
particular person's plight.

Taking good pictures is not so much a matter of luck as it is the product of good planning and
experience. -Anonymous






ACTIVITY Write an appropriate caption/cutline for each picture given below.
1. Panagbenga Festival (Baguio)

Source: http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/578969/panagbenga-sustaining-a-baguio-tradition

2. Peter Denmar Torres (UAAP season 75 finals MVP)
Source: http://uaapsports.studio23.tv/sports-volleyball

3. Flappy Bird
Source: http://technology.inquirer.net/files/2014/02/flappy-bird1.jpg

4. Environment
Source: http://naturewallpaperblog.blogspot.com/2012/06/nature-wallpaper.html
5. Car accident
Source: http://caraccidentattorneyorangecounty.biz/



REFERENCES:
http://www.te-photography.com/photojournalism/understanding-the-basics-of-photojournalism.html
http://www.jem200.com/lecture-notes/photojournalism-basics/
http://www.geneseo.edu/~bennett/EdWrite.htm
http://journsociety01.wordpress.com/types-of-editorial/
http://www.coolcartooning.com/cartooning-history.html
http://www.inquirer.net/ & http://www.philstar.com/