Chemistry for the IB Diploma

AHL Worksheet Chapter 8

1 Calculate the concentration of H
+
ions in each of the following solutions: [3]
a pH = 1! b pH = "# c pH = 13$
2 %i&e the e'pression for K
a
for propanoic aci( )CH
3
CH
!
C**H+ [1]
3 H,- HB an( HC are all wea. aci(s:
Acid pK
a
H, /3$
HB "0#
HC 1$#
Calculate the pH of the following solutions:
a a 2122 mol (m
33
solution of H, [/]
b a 2!!2 mol (m
33
solution of HB [/]
c a 21"2 mol (m
33
solution of HC [/]
4 a 4rite an e5uation for the ionisation of methylamine )CH
3
6H
!
+ in a5ueous solution [1]
b 4rite the e'pression for K
7
for methylamine [1]
5 a 4rite an e5uation for the (issociation of water [1]
b 4rite the e'pression for the ionic pro(uct constant- K
w
[1]
c 8he ta7le shows the &ariation of pK
w
with temperature:
Temperature / C pK
w
Temperature / C pK
w
2 1/0/ 32 13#3
" 1/13 3" 13$#
12 1/"3 /2 13"3
1" 1/3/ /" 13/2
!2 1/11 "2 13!$
!" 1/22
i 4or. out the pH of pure water at /" C [!]
ii 9se the ta7le to wor. out whether the following solutions are aci(ic- 7asic or
neutral at the state( temperature [/]
pH = 112 at 1" C
pH = 1/$ at 3" C
pH = $#1 at "2 C
pH = 1/1 at 2 C
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Chemistry for the IB Diploma
6 Calculate the pH of the following solutions:
a 212 mol (m
33
6a*H)a5+ [!]
b 2!1" mol (m
33
;*H)a5+ [!]
c 2!"2 mol (m
33
Ba)*H+
!
)a5+ [3]
7 B
1
- B
!
an( B
3
are wea. 7ases
Base pK
b
B
1
$1#
B
!
/0"
B
3
0$"
a Calculate the pH of each of the following solutions: [1"]
i 2/22 mol (m
33
solution of B
1
ii 2!22 mol (m
33
solution of B
!
iii 21"2 mol (m
33
solution of B
!
b ,rrange the 7ases in or(er of strength )wea.est first+ [1]
8 :re(ict- with reasons- whether the following solutions will 7e aci(ic- al.aline or neutral:
a 2122 mol (m
33
CH
3
CH
!
C**6a [3]
b 2!22 mol (m
33
;HC*
3
[3]
c 21!2 mol (m
33
6H
/
Cl [3]
d 211" mol (m
33
;6*
3
[!]
9 a 4hen ;C6 is (issol&e( in water an al.aline solution is forme( 4rite an e5uation to
illustrate this [1]
b Calculate pH &alues for the following salt solutions:
i a 2122 mol (m
33
solution of 6a, gi&en that pK
a
for H, is #12 [1]
ii a 21!2 mol (m
33
solution of ;< gi&en that pK
a
for H< is $3" [1]
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Chemistry for the IB Diploma
10 8he titration cur&e 7elow shows the &ariation of pH as 2122 mol (m
33
so(ium
hy(ro'i(e solution is a((e( to !"2 cm
3
of a solution of H, )a monoprotic aci(+
a =tate the pH at the e5ui&alence point [1]
b >'plain whether H, is a strong or a wea. aci( [!]
c Calculate the concentration of the H, solution [/]
d 9se the graph to estimate the pK
a
of H, [1]
e =uggest a suita7le in(icator for this titration [1]
11 Calculate the pH &alues for the following 7uffer solutions:
a a solution containing 22!22 mol (m
33
ethanoic aci( )pK
a
= /1$+ an(
22!22 mol (m
33
so(ium ethanoate [!]
b a solution containing 22/22 mol (m
33
propanoic aci( )pK
a
= /#1+ an(
22!22 mol (m
33
so(ium propanoate [!]
c a solution ma(e up 7y mi'ing together "22 cm
3
of 2"22 mol (m
33
ethanoic aci(
)pK
a
= /1$+ an( 1222 cm
3
of 2322 mol (m
33
so(ium ethanoate [/]
d a solution o7taine( when !22 cm
3
of 2!22 mol (m
33
so(ium hy(ro'i(e is a((e( to
/22 cm
3
of 2!22 mol (m
33
ethanoic aci( )pK
a
= /1$+ [!]
e a solution o7taine( when "22 cm
3
of 2!22 mol (m
33
ammonia solution )pK
7
= /1"+
is a((e( to 1"22 cm
3
of 2122 mol (m
33
ammonium chlori(e solution ["]
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